Chimachitika ndi chiani ngati mutabaya insulin mwa munthu wathanzi?

Ngakhale anthu athanzi amatha kusinthasintha kwakanthawi mu insulin ya mahomoni, chifukwa, mwa kupsinjika kapena poyizoni wa mankhwala ena. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni munthawiyi amabwerera kwawokhazikika pakapita nthawi.

Ngati izi sizingachitike, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti kagayidwe kazakudya kamachepa kapena matenda ena ophatikizika.

Ngati insulini imaperekedwa kwa munthu wathanzi, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa adzakhala ngati poizoni kapena chinthu chakupha. Kukwera kwakukulu m'magulu a mahomoni kungayambitse kutsika kwa ndende yamagazi, zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia.

Matendawa ndi oopsa chifukwa amatha kudwala matendawa, ndipo ngati wodwala sanapatsidwe thandizo panthawi yake, ndiye kuti zotsatira zake zitha. Ndipo zonse chifukwa choti insulin idalowa m'thupi la munthu yemwe samamufuna panthawiyo.

Mavuto ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin

Mukabayidwa ndi mahomoni awa kwa anthu athanzi, amatha kukhala ndi zotsatirazi:

• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• arrhasmia,
• minofu ikunjenjemera
• mutu
• kuzunza kwambiri
• nseru
• njala
• kuphwanya mgwirizano
• ana opukusidwa
• kufooka.

Komanso, kuchepa kwambiri kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga kungayambitse kukula kwa amnesia, kukomoka, ndi kuchepa kwa hyperglycemic sikumayikidwa pambali.

Ndi nkhawa kwambiri kapena mutatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osakwanira, ngakhale munthu wathanzi labwino kwambiri amatha kuperewera insulin. Mwakutero, kuyambitsa kwa mahomoni kumakhala koyenera komanso kofunikira, chifukwa ngati simupanga jakisoni, ndiye kuti, mwayi wokhala ndi vuto la hyperglycemic ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Ngati munthu wathanzi atalowetsedwa ndi insulin yaying'ono, chiwopsezo chake chimakhala chochepa, ndipo kutsika kwa glucose kumangoyambitsa njala komanso kufooka kwathunthu.

Mulimonsemo, ngakhale utachepa pang'ono wa mahomoniwo umatsogolera ku kuwonekera kwa zizindikiro za hyperinsulinism mwa munthu, zomwe zazikulu zake ndi:

• thukuta kwambiri,
• kutaya chidwi
• masomphenya apawiri
• kusintha kwa mtima,
• kunjenjemera ndi ululu m'misempha.

Ngati insulin imaperekedwa mobwerezabwereza kwa munthu wathanzi, izi zimatha kuyambitsa zotupa za m'mimba (m'mayikhidwe a Langerhans), endocrine pathologies ndi matenda omwe amagwirizana ndi kagayidwe ka thupi (metabolism of protein, salt and carbohydrate). Pachifukwa ichi, jakisoni wa insulin woletsedwa amaletsedwa.

Kodi kuyambitsa insulin kwa munthu wathanzi kudzatani?

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, wodwala amayenera kupaka jakisoni nthawi zonse, chifukwa kapamba wawo sangathe kupanga kuchuluka kwa timadzi timeneti.

Izi ndizofunikira kusungitsa ndende ya magazi pamlingo womwe mukufuna. Insulin ikalowetsedwa, anthu athanzi amayamba hypoglycemia. Ngati simukupereka chithandizo choyenera, ndiye kuti shuga yotsika kwambiri imatha kutaya chikumbumtima, kukomoka komanso kuchepa kwa magazi. Zotsatira zoyipa ndizotheka, monga tidalemba pamwambapa

Muyenera kudziwa kuti kuyesa ndi insulin kumachitika osati ndi achinyamata omwe akuyesera kulimbana ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, nthawi zina atsikana ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amakana kugwiritsa ntchito insulini kuti azitha kuyendetsa thupi.

Ochita masewera amathanso kugwiritsa ntchito insulin, nthawi zina kuphatikiza ndi anabolic steroid kuti achulukitse minofu, sizobisika kuti insulini popanga thupi imathandiza othamanga kuti apange minofu yayikulu mwachangu komanso moyenera.

Pali mfundo ziwiri zofunika kudziwa za insulin:

• Mahomoni amatha kupulumutsa moyo wa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga.Kuti izi zitheke, amafunika Mlingo wochepa, womwe umasankhidwa payekhapayekha kwa wodwala wina. Insulin imachepetsa shuga. Ngati insulin singagwiritsidwe ntchito molondola, ngakhale milingo yaying'ono ingayambitse hypoglycemia.
• Insulin siyipangitsa kuti mumve chisangalalo, ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zizindikiro zina za hypoglycemia zimakhala ndi zofananira ndi kuledzera, koma palibenso kumverera kwa euphoria, ndipo munthu, m'malo mwake, akumva kuyipa kwambiri.

Mosasamala kanthu zomwe zimayambitsa kuzunza insulin, pali vuto limodzi lalikulu - hypoglycemia. Kuti mupewe izi, ndikofunikira kuyendetsa kukambirana momasuka za zotsatirapo zonse za kusuta kwa mankhwala a insulin.

Nanga zidzachitike ndi chiyani ngati munthu wathanzi lathunthu wavulala ndi insulin

Choyamba, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti ngakhale mwa anthu omwe alibe mavuto okhala ndi thanzi labwino, nthawi zina kuchuluka kwa insulin kumachepa kapena, m'malo mwake, kumawonjezeka. Komabe, nthawi zambiri zinthu zimakhazikika patapita nthawi yochepa. Sinthani zambiri pafupipafupi:

• zolimbitsa thupi
• kupsinjika kwa malingaliro
• poyizoni wa mankhwala ena ake.

Momwe kuchuluka kwa mahomoni sikubwerera mwachizolowezi, matenda ashuga amatha kukayikiridwa mwa munthu.

Kwa anthu oterowo, adotolo amafotokozera jakisoni wa insulin. Komanso, gawo ili nthawi zonse limawonedwa ngati lalikulu kwambiri.

Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa, amapangira jakisoni mankhwala nthawi zonse, ndipo nthawi zina mankhwalawo amakhala okulirapo. Homoni wopangidwa amathandizira kukhazikitsa kagayidwe komanso kukhazikika kwa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo.

Insulin imavulaza munthu wathanzi, chifukwa zotsatira za mankhwala omwe atchulidwa zimafanana kwambiri ndi kumwa mankhwala a poizoni. Makamaka, kutsika kwamphamvu kwa glucose wa plasma kungayambitse hypoglycemia patapita nthawi. Izi zokha ndizokongola
Zowopsa, koma zosavuta kusiya.

Jakisoni wa insulin akapanda kuvulaza munthu yemwe amakhala wathanzi

Wodwala matenda ashuga amafunika kubayira insulini tsiku lililonse, popeza timadzi tambiri timene amapanga thupi lake. Komabe, nthawi zina komanso mwa munthu wathanzi labwino, thunthu la zinthu zomwe limafunsirazo limatsika kwambiri. Apa, kuyambitsa insulini yaying'ono nthawi zambiri kumakhala koyenera, koma izi ziyenera kuchitidwa pokhapokha ngati dokotala akuwalimbikitsa.

Kuthekera kwa kukhala ndi vuto lowopsa monga hyperglycemic coma ndikokwera kwambiri ngati jakisoni sanachitike panthawi yake. Ndizowopsa komanso nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo afe msanga.

Zizindikiro zotere zimawonetsa kuchepa kwa shuga:

• migraines
• chizungulire
• kutayika kwa ndende
• zosokoneza
• thukuta lalikulu
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
• miyendo yanjenjemera
• tachycardia
• kupweteka kwa minofu.

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani ngati mukulowetsa gawo la insulin mwa munthu wathanzi lathunthu?

Pokhala ndi mlingo waukulu, munthu yemwe alibe matenda ashuga azikhala ndi zizindikiro zingapo zosasangalatsa:

• mgwirizano wolakwika,
• ana owoneka bwino
• kufooka
• migraine
• matenda oopsa
• kunjenjemera
• nkhanza
• njala yosatha
• nseru
• thukuta
• mphamvu zolowa pansi.

Ngati kusowa kwa zakudya zamafuta sikakulipilitsidwa, ndiye kuti kupatuka kulikonse mu kuchuluka kwa insulin kumapangitsa kupitilira kwa zomwe zikufotokozedwazo. Pambuyo pake, pamakhala chiwopsezo cha kukula ndi zovuta zina:

• chisokonezo,
• kukomoka
• kusokonezeka kwa kukumbukira
• hypoglycemic chikomokere.

Kuopsa kokhala ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa hypoglycemic ndikopamwamba kuposa, chifukwa cha insulin. Pokhapokha makonzedwe amkati a glucose mu 40 peresenti yothetsera amatha kuukitsa munthu.

Kodi ndi inshuwaransi yotani ya insulin ya munthu wathanzi labwino

Pali lingaliro pakati pa anthu kuti ngati gawo laling'ono la mahomoni limaperekedwa kwa wodwala yemwe alibe matenda ashuga, nthawi yomweyo amagwa. Izi sizowona.

Mwanthawi yaying'ono, mankhwalawa sangayambitse zotsatira zoyipa.Ngati mutaba jakisoni wochepa, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amangokhala ndi njala komanso kufooka pang'ono.

Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zingayambitse imfa ndi magawo zana. Momwemo ndi kuchuluka kwa syringe yonse ya insulin. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda oyamba, pakufunika mlingo waukulu (kuyambira 300 mpaka 500).

Komabe, popeza mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo, munthu amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa atabayidwa jakisoni kuti apangitse mwadzidzidzi. Pakati pakukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin ndi kuyambika kwa chikomokere nthawi zambiri kumatenga maola atatu mpaka anayi.

Kuphatikiza apo, zochitika zonse zoyipitsitsa sizovuta kusiya. Kuti muchite izi, ingomenyani maswiti angapo kapena mafuta angapo owonjezera a shuga, omwe ali m'nyumba iliyonse. Ngati kusintha sikutheka, ndiye kuti kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri kumachitika mobwerezabwereza ndi mphindi 5.

Kodi chiwopsezo cha insulin ndi chiani?

Mpaka pano, mahomoniwa nthawi zambiri amatengedwa ndi achinyamata omwe amakhulupirira kuti amatha kusintha mankhwala osokoneza bongo a narcotic. Nthawi yomweyo, atsikana ang'onoang'ono nthawi zina amadzipatsa jakisoni, kuyesera kuti athetse kunenepa kwambiri. Omanga thupi amagwiritsanso ntchito insulin. Pankhaniyi, mankhwalawa amaphatikizidwa ndi ma steroid. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse thupi msanga komanso kuwonjezera minofu. Palibe amene amaganiza za zotsatirapo zake.

Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kudziwa za mankhwalawa. Choyamba, cholinga chake ndi kuchiza matenda ashuga komanso kukonza moyo wa anthu omwe akudwala. Apa amatengedwa mu milingo yaying'ono, yomwe imasankhidwa ndi dokotala payekhapayekha.

Homoniyo amathandizira kuchepetsa shuga, chifukwa chake, iwo omwe amamwa mosawerengeka (ngakhale ochepa) ayenera kuganizira mwayi wokhala ndi hypoglycemia ndi chikomokere. Insulin siyifanana ndi mankhwala mwanjira iliyonse - pambuyo pa jakisoni palibe vuto la euphoria. Zizindikiro zina zomwe zimatsagana ndi kutsika kwa shuga ndizofanana ndi zizindikiro za kuledzera, koma ambiri thanzi lawo likukula.

Kukhazikika kwa dongosolo la insulin ndi anthu athanzi kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kuyambika kwa zotupa njira mwachindunji mu kapamba, komanso, zimapangitsa kuti:

• matenda a endocrine
• kagayidwe kazakudya ka mapuloteni, chakudya chamchere ndi mchere.

Matenda a shuga amakhala m'gulu la matenda a endocrine omwe amapezeka pamene kapamba amasiya kutulutsa insulin. Ichi ndi mahomoni ofunikira kuti thupi lonse lizigwira ntchito. Imasinthasintha kagayidwe kazigawo - gawo lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi ntchito ya ubongo ndi ziwalo zina.

Ndi chitukuko cha matenda ashuga, wodwalayo amayenera kumangotenga ma insulin. Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga ambiri akufunsa ngati angayambe kugwiritsa ntchito insulin. Kuti mumvetsetse nkhaniyi, muyenera kudziwa za matendawa ndikumvetsetsa komwe milandu ya insulin imayikidwa.

Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya matenda a shuga - 1 ndi 2. Mitundu yamatendawa imasiyana. Pali mitundu ina yamatenda, koma ndiyosowa.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga umadziwika ndi kuperewera kwa proinsulin ndi boma la hyperglycemic. Chithandizo cha matenda amtunduwu matenda a shuga chimaphatikizira ma hormone obwezeretsanso mankhwala monga ma jakisoni a insulin.

Ndi matenda amtundu 1, simuyenera kusiya kubaya jakisoni. Kukana izi kumatha kubweretsa kukula kwa chikomokere komanso ngakhale kufa.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ndiofala. Amapezeka mwa 85-90% ya odwala azaka zopitilira 40 omwe ali onenepa kwambiri.

Ndi matenda amtunduwu, kapamba amatulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono, koma sitingathe kupanga shuga, chifukwa maselo amthupi satenga mbali kapena kutulutsa insulin kwathunthu.

Pancreas imatha pang'ono ndi pang'ono ndipo imayamba kupanga mahomoni ochepa.

Kodi insulin imalembedwa liti ndipo ndiyotheka kuikana?

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, chithandizo cha insulin ndi chofunikira, chifukwa chake mtundu uwu wa matenda umatchedwanso kuti insulin. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, kwa nthawi yayitali, simungathe kubaya insulin, koma muthane ndi glycemia potsatira zakudya komanso kumwa othandizira a hypoglycemic. Koma ngati vuto la wodwalayo likuipiraipira ndipo malingaliro azachipatala sanatsatidwe, chithandizo cha insulin ndi njira yotheka.

Komabe, kodi ndizotheka kusiya kubayirira insulin mtsogolomo pomwe vutolo limakhala lolimba? Mwanjira yoyamba ya matenda ashuga, kubaya insulin ndikofunikira. Mosiyana ndi izi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumafika pazovuta, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa. Chifukwa chake, ndizosatheka kusiya kubaya insulin mu mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga.

Koma ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, kukana insulini ndikotheka, chifukwa nthawi zambiri chithandizo cha insulin chimangoperekedwa kwakanthawi kochepa kuti magazi azikhala ndi magazi.

Milandu yomwe imafunikira makonzedwe a mahomoni:

1. pachimake insulin,
2. stroko kapena myocardial infaration,
3. glycemia woposa 15 mmol / l kulemera kulikonse,
4. mimba
5. kuwonjezeka kwa shuga osala kudya kumaposa 7.8 mmol / l wokhala ndi thupi labwinobwino kapena kuchepetsedwa,
6. othandizira opaleshoni.

Zikatero, majakisoni a insulini amaperekedwa kwakanthawi mpaka zinthu zobvuta zitathetsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, mayi amasunga glycemia potsatira chakudya chapadera, koma atakhala ndi pakati amayenera kusintha zakudya zomwe amadya. Chifukwa chake, kuti asavulaze mwana ndikumupatsa zinthu zonse zofunika, dokotalayo ayenera kuchitapo kanthu ndikupereka mankhwala a insulin kwa wodwalayo.

Koma chithandizo cha insulin chimawonetsedwa pokhapokha thupi likakhala lopanda mahomoni. Ndipo ngati insulin receptor siyikuyankha, chifukwa chomwe ma cell sazindikira mahomoni, ndiye kuti chithandizo sichikhala ndi tanthauzo.

Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito insulin kumatha kuimitsidwa, koma kokha ndi matenda a shuga a 2. Ndipo ndikofunikira chiyani kukana insulini?

Siyani kuyendetsa mahomoni potengera uphungu. Pambuyo pokana, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya ndikuyamba kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Chofunikira pakuthandizira matenda a shuga, kukulolani kuti muchepetse glycemia, ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi. Masewera samangowongolera mawonekedwe a thanzi komanso thanzi la wodwalayo, komanso amathandizira pakuwonjezera mphamvu kwa glucose.

Kusungitsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia mwachizolowezi, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowonjezera wowerengeka ndizotheka. Kuti izi zitheke, amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kumwa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.

Ndikofunikira kusiya kupatsa insulin pang'onopang'ono, ndikuchepetsa mosalekeza.

Wodwala akakana mwadzidzidzi ndiye kuti adzalumpha mwamphamvu kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Chithandizo cha Insulin: Zabodza ndi Zenizeni

Pakati pa odwala matenda ashuga, malingaliro ambiri abwera okhudza insulin. Chifukwa chake, odwala ena amaganiza kuti mahomoniwo amathandizira kulemera, pomwe ena amakhulupirira kuti kuyambitsa kwake kumakupatsani mwayi woti musamatirire zakudya. Ndipo zinthu zilidi bwanji?

Kodi jakisoni wa insulin angachiritse matenda ashuga? Matendawa ndi osachiritsika, ndipo chithandizo chamankhwala chimangokulolani kuwongolera matendawa.

Kodi chithandizo cha insulin chimachepetsa moyo wa wodwalayo? Mukatha kusintha pang'ono ndikukazolowera jekeseni, mutha kuchita zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuphatikiza apo, masiku ano pali zolembera zapadera za syringe ndipo zimathandizira kwambiri pakayendetsedwe ka mankhwala.

Anthu ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amakhudzidwa ndi kupweteka kwa jakisoni. Jakisoni wovomerezeka amadzetsa zovuta, koma ngati mugwiritsa ntchito zida zatsopano, mwachitsanzo, zolembera za syringe, ndiye kuti sipadzakhala zomverera zosasangalatsa.

Zabodza zokhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri sizinso zowona. Insulin imatha kukulitsa chidwi cha chakudya, koma kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi. Kutsatira zakudya zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi masewera kumathandizira kuti muchepetse kunenepa.

Kodi chithandizo cha mahomoni chimawonjezera? Aliyense amene amatenga mahomoni kwa zaka zambiri amadziwa kuti kudalira insulin sikuwonekera, chifukwa ndi chilengedwe.

Pali malingaliro oti pambuyo poti ntchito ya insulini iyambike, mudzafunika kupaka jakisoni pafupipafupi. Ndi matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wa insulin, mankhwala a insulin amayenera kukhala mwadongosolo komanso mosalekeza, chifukwa kapamba sangathe kutulutsa timadzi tambiri. Koma mu mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, chiwalo chija chimatha kutulutsa timadzi timatenda, komabe, mwa odwala ena, maselo a beta amataya mphamvu yake ndikubisala pakadutsa matenda. Komabe, ngati nkotheka kukwaniritsa kukhazikika kwa msambo wa glycemia, ndiye kuti odwala amapatsidwa mankhwala otsitsa shuga a pakamwa.

• Kodi insulin ndi chiyani
• Njira yamachitidwe
• Zotsatira zoyipa
• Kusankha kwa Mlingo
• Kuchuluka kwazonse
• Zizindikiro
• Fomu yovuta
• Njira zopulumutsira
• Thandizo loyamba
• Kusamalira ana

Insulin ndi kofunikira pancreatic hormone. Kwambiri, onse omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amadziwa. Kuti akhale ndi shuga wokwanira m'magazi, amafunika tsiku lililonse.

Njira yamachitidwe

Ndi chakudya, shuga amalowa m'thupi lathu. Imalowetsedwa ndi ziwalo ndi ma cell, ndipo zochulukazo zimadziunjikira m'thupi. Mafuta ochulukirapo amakonzedwa m'chiwindi ndikupanga chinthu china - glycogen.

Ngati kuperewera kwa mahomoni kumakhala kovuta, kuphwanya kagayidwe kazachilengedwe kamachitika. Poterepa, matenda a shuga 1 amayamba.

Muzochita zamankhwala, matenda awa amatchedwa kuperewera kwa insulin. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika ngati pali kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi - hyperglycemia.

Ngati wodwalayo watha mankhwalawo, ndiye kuti imakhala ndi mphamvu yolimba, yomwe imadzaza ndi shuga lakuthwa mumtsempha wamagazi komanso toxemia yayikulu.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Zotsatira zake zoyipa ndi ziti? Kuwonetsera kofala kwambiri kuyambira pakuyambitsa kwa mahomoni ndi hypoglycemia. Zotsatira zina za insulin:

• chifuwa
• lipoatrophy (atrophy of the subcutaneous minerals in the area of ​​jekeseni),
• lipohypertrophy (kuchuluka kwa mafayilo am'deralo)
• insulin edema,
• ketoacidosis ndi acetonuria.

Mulingo wololedwa

Mlingo umasankhidwa payekha ndi dokotala wopezekapo. Nthawi yomweyo, shuga m'magazi amayezedwa.

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa za kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa polimbitsa thupi, funso lachilengedwe limadza ndi zomwe zimachitika ngati mutabaya insulin mwa munthu wathanzi.

Kwa anthu athanzi, muyeso wabwino wa mankhwalawa ndi 2-4 IU. Omanga a thupi amabweretsa 20 IU patsiku.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma hormone kungabise ngozi. Ngati mutaba jakisoni wambiri, mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri osewera, omwe akufuna kupanga minofu, amapitilira muyeso. Zotsatira za insulin yochulukirapo, hypoglycemia imatha kuchitika. Zizindikiro zake zoyambirira ndizamphamvu yakufa ndi kugona komanso kugona kwambiri.

Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe amasewera masewera ayenera kutenga mahomoni moyang'aniridwa ndi wophunzitsa waluso.

Pankhani ya odwala matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa omwe amaperekedwa masana kumasiyana magawo 20 mpaka 50.

Mlingo wa Lethal

Mlingo wochepa kwambiri wa insulin kwa munthu wathanzi ungakhale magawo 50-60. Ngakhale ndizokhudza munthu payekha ndipo zimatengera zinthu zina: kulemera, kuthekera kwa thupi, zaka, ndi zina zambiri.

Mlingo womwe kumwalira wodwala wodwala matenda a shuga umadaliranso pazinthu zingapo:

• kulolera payekha mankhwala
• kulemera kwa odwala
• kudya, mowa.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Dr. Kernbach Wheaton ndi ogwira nawo ntchito, ndi 100 IU (syulin yayikulu ya insulin). Ngakhale kwa ena, izi zikuwonetsa kusiyana ndi 300 mpaka 500 IU.

Mbiri idziwa milandu ya kupulumuka kwa anthu pambuyo poyambitsa 3000 IU.

Kuchuluka kwazonse

Insulin yochulukirapo m'thupi imabweretsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimayamba ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana. Zimatengera mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa. Kuchokera pakukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito mwachangu, zizindikiro zimawonedwa pambuyo pa mphindi 15-30, ndipo kuchokera pakukhazikitsa mankhwala omwe amayamba pang'onopang'ono, zizindikiro zimayamba kwakanthawi.

Ndikotheka kulankhula za hypoglycemia ndi chidziwitso chotsika 3.3 mmol / L. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulini kwambiri ndimadziwika ndi zotere:

• ulesi
• njala yosalekeza
• kupweteka kwakanthawi
• zokonda mtima.

Ngati palibe njira zomwe zidatengedwa kuti zithetsedwe, ndiye kuti matendawa amakula, ndipo poizoni wa insulin akupita patsogolo. Chowonekera:

• thukuta kwambiri
• kugwedezeka kwa dzanja
• kuperewera kwambiri
• njala yomwe ikupita patsogolo komanso ulesi,
• khungu
• dzanzi la chala
• Kuchepetsa maonekedwe.

Njira yabwino yothetsera kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi zakudya zomwe zimapezeka m'matumbo omanga othamanga (maswiti kapena shuga). Ngati simugwiritsa ntchito panthawiyi, chizindikiro cha hypoglycemia ichulukira. Zina mwa izo ndi:

• kulephera kusuntha,
• thukuta kwambiri
• kugunda kwa mtima ndi kugunda kwa mtima
• kugwedezeka miyendo,
• chisokonezo,
• kuponderezedwa kwa psyche.

Pambuyo clonic ndi tonic kuukira minofu contraction ukuwonjezeka. Ngati galasi la intravenous silikuwonjezeredwa pamwambapa, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa insulin kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuperewera kwa hypoglycemic.

Amadziwika ndi dziko losazindikira, kuchepa kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi (oposa 5 mmol / l kuchokera koyambirira), khungu, kutsika kwa mtima, komanso kusowa kwa chidwi cha ophunzira.

Anthu okhudzidwa nthawi zambiri amafa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ntchito zonse zofunikira - kupuma, magazi, komanso Reflex. Chifukwa chake, pazofunikira zomwe mukufuna, ndikwanira kuwerengera momwe zidzayambira.

Fomu yovuta

Choyambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo a insulini chagona mwadongosolo lawo mosiyanasiyana pochiza matenda. Poterepa, kupanga kwa mahomoni omwe amalepheretsa kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi. Pakati pawo pali adrenaline, glucagon, corticosteroids. Poizoni wambiri wa insulin amatchedwa Somoji syndrome.

Zizindikiro za bongo wambiri:

• matenda oopsa
• kulakalaka kwambiri
• kunenepa kwambiri ndi shuga wambiri mumtsempha wa kwamikodzo,
• kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga masana,
• pafupipafupi hypoglycemia tsiku lonse.

Kuphatikiza apo, vuto la toxemia limawonetsedwa ndi zovuta zingapo:

• Ketoacidosis. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chomwe, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mahomoni, maselo amalephera kugwiritsa ntchito glucose monga gwero lamphamvu. Thupi la munthu limayamba kudya mafuta ake omwe amasungidwa. Mukugawa mafuta, ma ketoni amapangidwa mwamphamvu. Zochuluka zawo zikamazungulira m'magazi, impso sizingagwire ntchito yotulutsa. Chifukwa chake, acidity yamagazi imachuluka. Zofooka zambiri, nseru, kusanza, kumva ludzu kwambiri, kupuma kwa acetone kumawonekera. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, ndikofunikira kubwezeretsa mwasungidwe mosungira madzi ndikupanga majakisoni a mahomoni.
• Acetonuria. Kupezeka kwa ma ketoni mu mkodzo - zinthu zosakwanira makutidwe ndi okosijeni a mafuta ndi mapuloteni.

Nthawi zambiri, hypoglycemia imabisika. Machitidwe azachipatala amadziwa bwino "chodabwitsa cha m'bandakucha" pomwe zizindikiro zake zimakhalapo kuyambira 5 mpaka 7 m'mawa. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha kukwera kwakukulu kwa zigawo za ma contra-mahormoni komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya jakisoni madzulo.

Somoji syndrome ndi yosiyana ndi chodabwitsa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa maola 2 mpaka 4 a hypoglycemia - shuga amachepetsedwa mpaka 4 mmol / L kapena kutsikira. Zotsatira zake, thupi limayambitsa ziwembu. Ndipo m'mawa, wodwalayo amakhala ndi hypoglycemia, wokwiyitsidwa ndi jakisoni wamadzulo.

Thandizo loyamba

Ngakhale chifukwa chakuwonjezera kwakukulu kwa chizolowezi cha mankhwalawa, pali nthawi yoti athe kuyitanitsa gulu la madokotala m'maganizo omveka. Njira yakukula kwa chikwatu ndi yayitali kwambiri mu nthawi. Ngakhale Mlingo wowopsa sufa ngati magazi atalowa m'magazi munthawi yake. Chifukwa chake, njira zoyambirira zopulumutsira wodwalayo, kuphatikiza kuyimba ambulansi, ziyenera kukhala izi:

• perekani 50-100 gr. mikate yoyera
• pambuyo pa mphindi 3-5, perekani maswiti angapo kapena 2-3 tsp. shuga (ngati kuli kotheka),
• pakalibe chifukwa chabwino, bwerezaninso njirayi.

Kusamalira ana

Mchipatala, wodwalayo adzapatsidwa jakisoni ndi dontho. Ngati ndi kotheka, kulowetsedwa kubwerezedwa pambuyo pa mphindi 10.

Kenako chithandizochi chikhala ndi cholinga chothana ndi zotsatirapo zake. Ngati mankhwala a insulin apezeka, zotsatira zake zimasiyana malinga ndi kuuma.

Pankhani yokhwima koopsa, amachotsedwa chifukwa cha kulowetsedwa kwa mayankho ake.

Kuvulaza kwakukulu kwa insulin kumadziwika kwambiri. Izi zimakhudza ntchito ya mtima wamanjenje. Zotsatira:

• edema yam'mimba,
• kumenyedwa
• dementia (matenda amisala).

Komanso, kuphwanya malamulo kumachitika mu CCC. Ichi ndi chopsinjika ndi myocardial infarction, stroke, hemorrhage.

Kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwa kwa mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga sikidziwika kwenikweni, koma vuto lofananalo lilipo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizowopsa. Chimachitika ndi chiani ngati insulini iperekedwa kwa munthu wathanzi? Mukudabwapo?

Tikufuna kukuwuzani nkhani yophunzitsa yomwe idachitikira mayi yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 1 ndikuyamba kudya insulin. Nthawi yomweyo adazindikira kuti botolo lomwe lili ndi insulini yake lidasowa pakhomo la firiji pomwe amasungidwa. Poyamba, sanagwirizanenso ndi izi mpaka atapeza kapu yosungika kuchokera m'botolo la mankhwala mchipinda cha mwana wake. Zitatha izi, moyo wa mayiyu udasinthiratu.

Mwana wake wamwamuna anali ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe banjali limadziwa bwino, koma palibe amene angakayikire kuti angafune kuyamwa insulin. Ma pinkiller onse ndi mankhwala opangira mankhwala adatsekedwa, koma lingaliro lobisa insulin kwa mwana wake silinalowe ngakhale m'maganizo a mayiyo.

Pambuyo pazaka zambiri zakukana ndi zabodza (ndipo mwezi womwe adakhala kumalo osungirako zachilengedwe), mwanayo pamapeto pake adauza amayi ake chowonadi. Amadziwa kuti "amakhala woledzera" ndi dontho la shuga, kotero adayesanso kukhala ndi vuto lofananalo podzibaya ndi insulin. Posazindikira malangizo a dosing, adadzaza syringe pakati ndipo amafuna kudzipatsanso jakisoni. Koma, mwamwayi, adachotsa singano m'manja mwake munthawi, osapanga jakisoni chifukwa cha kumva kuwawa ndi mantha.

Mwanayo anadziwa kuti mayi amapanga jakisoni wa66 wa insulin tsiku lililonse kuti akhale wathanzi. Koma sanazindikire kuti munthu wopanda matenda a shuga ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha jakisoni wa insulin.

Kodi ndi chiopsezo chanji chogwiritsira ntchito insulin kwa munthu wathanzi?

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba amafuna insulin yokhazikika, chifukwa kapamba wawo samatulutsanso timadzi tambiri timene timatha kuthana ndi shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, ngati munthu wathanzi atavulaza insulin, akhoza kukhala ndi hypoglycemia. Pakakhala chithandizo choyenera, shuga wochepa kwambiri wamagazi amatha kupangitsa kuti musataye chikumbumtima, kukula kwa kukomoka kapena kukomoka kwa hypoglycemic. Nthawi zina ngakhale imfa imatha kuchitika.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti si achinyamata okha omwe ali ndi vuto lokonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi insulin. Pali nthawi zina pamene atsikana achichepere omwe amadwala matenda a shuga amakana insulini kuwongolera kunenepa kwawo. Ochita masewera amagwiritsanso ntchito insulin kuti achulukitse minofu yambiri, nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza ndi anabolic steroids.

​

Kodi mungatani kuti izi zisachitike?

Lankhulani ndi ana anu za insulin.Onetsetsani kuti akumvetsetsa momwe kumakhalira kosavuta kupha munthu wopanda insulin yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amaphunzitsidwa mwanjira yapadera ntchito za insulin, ndipo ngakhale zitachitika izi amalakwitsa zina ndi zina zake. Ndikofunikanso kufotokozera kuti insulin ilibe zinthu za mankhwala a narcotic.

Nayi mfundo ziwiri zofunika kudziwa za insulin:

- Insulin ndi mankhwala opulumutsa moyo kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Amawerengera Mlingo wocheperako, aliyense payekhapayekha. Insulin imachepetsa shuga m'magazi, ndipo ngati itagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, ngakhale mlingo wochepa ungayambitse hypoglycemia, yomwe imapha anthu.

- Insulin siyibweretsa euphoria, yofanana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo a narcotic. Tikuyenera kunena kuti, ngakhale zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimatsata zizindikiritso za kuledzera, palibenso kumverera kwa euphoria - m'malo mwake, munthu amamva kuwawa.

Mosasamala kanthu zomwe zimayambitsa kuzunza insulin, chiopsezo chachikulu cha izi ndi hypoglycemia. Kuopsa kumeneku, kuphatikiza mwayi womwe munthu amabwera ndi insulin mobisa kwa abwenzi ndi abale, kumakulanso kufunikira komanso kufunikira kochezera momasuka, podziwitsa za ziwopsezo zonse zokhudzana ndi nkhanza.

Zoyambitsa bongo

Insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi odwala matenda ashuga, koma zotulukapo zake zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zina. Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu ya insulin ya insulin yapeza ntchito pakulimbitsa thupi.

Mlingo wa insulin amasankhidwa payekha, moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuyeza glucose m'magazi, kudziwa njira zodziletsa pakuthana ndi matendawa.

Kwa munthu wathanzi, mankhwalawa "osavulaza" amachokera ku 2 mpaka 4 IU. Omanga a thupi amabweretsa kuchuluka kwa 20 IU patsiku. Mankhwalawa matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa omwe amaperekedwa patsiku kumasiyana magawo 20-50.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kuchitika pazifukwa zingapo:

Kuzindikira insulin kumawonjezera mu nthawi yayitali ya mimba, motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda aimpso kulephera, ndi mafuta a chiwindi.

Kodi insulin yowonjezera imachitika liti m'thupi? Izi zitha kuchitika, ngati pali kuphwanya kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni ndi kapamba (mwachitsanzo, ndi zotupa).

Muyenera kusamala kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito insulin komanso mowa. Mwakutero, zakumwa zoledzeretsa sizikulimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Koma popeza zoletsa za madokotala sizimaletsa aliyense, madokotala amalangizidwa kuti azitsatira malamulo otsatirawa kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha mavuto.

• musanamwe mowa, mankhwalawa a insulin ayenera kuchepetsedwa,
• musanamwe komanso mutamwa mowa, muyenera kudya zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo,
• amakonda zakumwa zoledzeretsa zochepa,
• mukamamwa mowa kwambiri tsiku lotsatira, ndikofunikira kusintha mlingo wa insulin, motsogozedwa ndi miyezo ya shuga.

Imfa ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin imachitika chifukwa chokhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic. Mlingo wa mankhwala oopsa umatengera kulekerera kwa insulin m'thupi lililonse, kulemera kwa wodwalayo, ndi zina zotere - kumwa chakudya, mowa, ndi zina zambiri. Kwa ena, kuyambitsa kale IU ya 100 ya mankhwalawa kumakhala koopsa; kwa ena, ziwerengerozi zimachokera ku 300-500 IU. Milandu imadziwika pomwe anthu adapulumuka ngakhale jakisoni wa insulin wokwanira 3000 IU.

Zizindikiro za insulin yowonjezera

Kuonjezera insulin m'magazi kumapangitsa kutsika kwa shuga. Mutha kuyankhula za hypoglycemia ndi chizindikiro chotsika 3.3 mmol / L m'magazi a capillary. Kukula kwa zizindikiro kumadalira mtundu wamankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndi kuyambitsa insulin yofulumira, zizindikirazo zimayamba kwakanthawi kochepa, ndi jakisoni wa insulin yoleza kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zizindikiro za insulin yowonjezera m'magazi ndi motere.

Pa gawo loyamba, kumakhala kumva njala, kufooka, mutu, kusokonezeka kwa mtima.

Imfa imachitika ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito zonse - kupuma, magazi, komanso kusowa kwa zinthu zina.

More bongo

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri insulini popewa matenda a shuga kumayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kupanga mahomoni omwe amalepheretsa kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi - adrenaline, corticosteroids, glucagon - ndipo amatchedwa "Somoji syndrome." Zizindikiro za odwala osokoneza bongo odwala matenda a shuga:

kwambiri matenda

Nthawi zambiri hypoglycemia imabisika. Zodziwika bwino "zam'mawa zam'mawa zodabwitsa". Hyperglycemia imayamba m'mawa, kuyambira 5 mpaka 7 m'mawa, zomwe zimafotokozedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mahomoni obisika komanso kufooka kwa jakisoni wa insulin yamadzulo. Matenda a Somoji amasiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika m'mawa kutacha panthawi yomwe kuchokera 2 mpaka 4 maola hypoglycemia imayamba - kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatsika ndi 4 mmol / l, chifukwa chomwe thupi limayambira njira zowumiriza. Zotsatira zake, m'mawa wodwala amakhala ndi hyperglycemia woopsa chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin yamadzulo.

Kuthandiza ndi bongo wa insulin

Zoyenera kuchita ndi bongo wa insulin? Thandizo loyamba kapena kudzithandiza ndekha ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira za boma la hypoglycemic zimakhala ndi zotsatirazi.

1. Idyani 50-100 magalamu a mikate yoyera.
2. Ngati zizindikirazo sizitha pambuyo pa mphindi 3-5, idyani maswiti angapo kapena supuni ziwiri za shuga.
3. Ngati pambuyo mphindi 5 zizindikiro zimapitilirabe, bwerezaninso kudya zakudya zamafuta.

Ndi kukula kwambiri hypoglycemia (kutaya chikumbumtima, kukomoka), yankho lalikulu la bongo la insulin ndi mtsempha wamagazi. Jakisoni wa 40% yankho mu kuchuluka kwa 30-50 ml amapangidwa, ngati pambuyo mphindi 10 wodwalayo sanayambenso kuzindikira, ndiye kuti kulowetsako kumachitika mobwerezabwereza.

Chimachitika ndi chiani mukabaya insulin mwa munthu wathanzi?

Ngati mukulowetsa insulin kwa munthu wathanzi, ndiye kuti izi zidzakhala zofanana ndi chakuti poizoni wina adalowetsa munthu. M'magazi, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumakwera kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsa kutsika kwa glucose ndi hypoglycemia. Izi ndi zoopsa ku thanzi la munthu komanso moyo. Nthawi zambiri, pakuwonjezeka kwa insulini m'magazi, odwala amagwa chikomokere, ndipo ngati chithandizo sichinaperekedwe pa nthawi, ndiye kuti zotsatira zake zingathe. Ndipo zonsezi zimachitika pokhapokha chifukwa timadzi timalowa m'thupi la munthu yemwe samamufuna.

Ngati jakisoni adaperekedwa kwa munthu wathanzi yemwe alibe matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti adzakhala ndi mavuto angapo azaumoyo:

• kuthamanga kwa magazi kukwera
• arrhasmia imayamba
• kunjenjemera miyendo
• migraine ndi kufooka wamba,
• munthu amakhala wankhanza kwambiri
• Pali kumverera kwa njala pakati pa nseru nthawi zonse,
• mgwirizano wa mayendedwe onse wasokonekera,
• ana amatupa kwambiri.

Kutsika kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi kumabweretsa amnesia, kukomoka, ndi hyperglycemic coma.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala ndi caramel pafupi. Pankhani yotsika kwambiri m'magazi, ndikofunikira kupukuta maswiti.

Pamene insulin ikhoza kuperekedwa kwa munthu wathanzi

Nthawi zina madokotala amapereka insulin kwa anthu athanzi opanikizika kwambiri, komanso nthawi yambiri yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, pomwe timadzi tambiri timeneti sizokwanira m'thupi. Pankhaniyi, mahomoniwo sangatheke, komanso ofunikira, popeza kuchepa kwake kumabweretsa chikomokere cha hyperglycemic.

Ngati munthu wathanzi atabayidwa ndi insulin yochepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti thanzi lake silikhala pachiwopsezo. Kutsika kwa chizindikiritso cha glucose m'magazi kumangoyambitsa kumverera kwanjala ndi kufooka pang'ono. Koma nthawi zina, jakisoni wa ngakhale mlingo wochepa ungayambitse hyperinsulism, yomwe imawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotere:

• Khungu limatembenuka kwambiri
• thukuta limachuluka
• chidwi chachikulu chimachepa
• ntchito ya mtima isokonekera.

Kuphatikiza apo, kunjenjemera kumawoneka m'miyendo, ndipo kufooka wamba kumamveka m'misempha.

Munthu wathanzi labwino kwambiri amatha kupatsidwa insulin kokha malinga ndi zomwe dokotala akuwonetsa komanso motsogozedwa naye.

Mlingo wowopsa wa insulin

Kumbukirani kuti kuchuluka koopsa kwa insulin kwa munthu wathanzi ndi 100 PESCES - iyi ndiye syringe yonse ya insulin. Koma pazochitika zapadera, kuchuluka kumeneku kungakhale kokulirapo, zonse zimatengera mkhalidwe wamba waumoyo wa anthu komanso chikhalidwe chake. Pali nthawi zina pamene munthu amakhalabe ndi moyo, ngakhale mlingo wake utaperekedwa nthawi 10-30. Izi zikutanthauza kuti munthu ali ndi mwayi pamoyo ngakhale ali ndi insulin yambiri. Kusekerera kumayamba kwinakwake m'maola atatu, ngati nthawi ino kuonetsetsa kuti magazi atuluka m'magazi, zimayambiranso.

Mlingo wa insulin kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amawerengedwa payekhapayekha ndi endocrinologist, kutengera zotsatira za mayeso. Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amawerengeredwa kuchokera 20 mpaka 50 magawo a mahomoni.

Ngakhale kuwonjezeka kochepa kwambiri kwa mlingo womwe dokotala watchulidwa kungam'pangitse kudwala.

Mlingo wowopsa wa insulin kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndi oposa magawo 50. Pogwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, vutoli limayamba, lomwe limafunikira chisamaliro chodzidzimutsa.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mumabayira insulini pafupipafupi mwa munthu wathanzi?

Ndi makonzedwe obwerezabwereza a horoni kwa munthu wathanzi, zotupa za pancreatic, matenda a endocrine ndi zovuta zama metabolic zimayamba. Chifukwa chake, anthu athanzi amapatsidwa mankhwalawa pokhapokha pazomwe adokotala akuwonetsa komanso mwadzidzidzi.

Ndipo zimachitika ndi chiyani mukamamwa insulini

Ngati munthu wathanzi amamwa mwangozi kapena makamaka insulin, ndiye kuti palibe chomwe chimachitika. Mankhwalawa amangogaya m'mimba popanda zotsatirapo zaumoyo. Izi zikufotokozera kuti mankhwala am'kamwa a odwala matenda ashuga sanapezebe.

Mankhwala ndi kapangidwe kake

Mphamvu yothandiza ya chinthuchi imalumikizidwa ndi mamangidwe ake. Izi ndi zomwe zidayambitse chidwi pakati pa asayansi kuyambira pachiyambidwe chakupezeka kwa hormone iyi. Popeza njira yeniyeni ya zinthu zopangidwa ngati izi ingapangitse kuti iisiyanitse ndi mankhwala.

Mwachilengedwe, mtundu wokha wa mankhwala ndiosakwanira kufotokoza kapangidwe kake. Koma zilinso zowona kuti sayansi siyimayima ndipo lero mphamvu zake zamankhwala zadziwika kale.Ndipo izi zimatipangitsa kuti tisinthe mankhwala atsopano komanso ochulukitsa omwe cholinga chake ndi kuchiritsa anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Kapangidwe kake, kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala kamaphatikizapo ma amino acid ndipo ndi mtundu wa mahomoni a peptide. Kapangidwe ka molekyulu yake kali ndi maunyolo awiri a polypeptide, kapangidwe kake kamaphatikizapo zotsalira za amino acid, zomwe kuchuluka kwake ndi 51. Maunyolo awa amalumikizidwa ndi milatho yopanda tanthauzo yomwe imatchedwa "A" ndi "B". Gulu "A" lili ndi zotsalira 21 za amino acid, "B" 30.

Kapangidwe kake ndi kugwira kwake ntchito kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chilengedwe ndi kosiyana. Mwa anthu, kapangidwe kameneka kamatikumbutsa zambiri osati zomwe zimapangidwa mthupi la nyani, koma zomwe zimakonzedwa mu nkhumba. Kusiyana pakati pa kapangidwe ka nkhumba ndi anthu kumangokhala mu amino acid yotsalira, yomwe ili mu unyolo B. Mitundu yotsatira yachilengedwe yomwe imafanana ndi ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe, yomwe ili ndi kusiyana kwamapangidwe atatu amino acid. Pazinyama zoyamwitsa, mamolekyulu a chinthuchi amasiyana kwambiri mabowo amino acid.

Ntchito ndi zomwe mahomoni amakhudza

Mukamadya mapuloteni, insulin, monga peptide hormone, siikumbidwa ngati ina iliyonse m'matumbo, koma imagwira ntchito zambiri. Chifukwa chake, zomwe mankhwalawa amachita, makamaka insulin, amathandizira kutsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Komanso kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa cell nembanemba kwa glucose.

Ngakhale imagwira insulin ndi ntchito zina zofunika mthupi:

• Zimathandizira mawonekedwe a chiwindi ndi minofu kapangidwe ka glycogen - mawonekedwe amasungidwe a shuga m'maselo a nyama.
• Kuchulukitsa kaphatikizidwe ka glycogen,
• Imachepetsa zochitika zina za enzymatic zomwe zimawononga mafuta ndi ma glycogens,
• Imapangitsa insulin kuti iwonjezere mapuloteni komanso mafuta,
• Imawongolera machitidwe ena aumunthu ndipo imakhudza mayamwidwe oyenera amino acid ndi maselo,
• Imachepetsa mawonekedwe a matupi a ketone,
• Imalimbikitsa kukomoka kwa lipid.

Insulin ndi mahomoni omwe amawongolera kagayidwe kazachilengedwe m'thupi la munthu. Udindo wake monga mapuloteni m'magazi ndikuchepetsa shuga la magazi.

Kulephera kwa katemera wa insulin m'thupi la munthu, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta, nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kuperewera kwa insulini komanso kuzindikira matenda a shuga 1. Kuphwanya kulumikizana kwa chinthuchi pamatumbo kumayambitsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga a 2.

Kodi chinthuchi chimanunkhira bwanji? Chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga, omwe, choyamba, chimakopa chidwi ndi kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa. Chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa mahomoni ofotokozedwawo, glucose samalowa m'maselo. Pokhudzana ndi zomwe njala yeniyeni imayambira m'maselo. Ndipo glucose wophatikizika amapezeka pakupanga matupi a ketone, polumikizana ndi komwe kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera pakhungu ndi mkodzo kumawonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, fungo lotere likaonekera, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Kuzindikiritsa ndikupanga chinthu ichi m'zaka za zana la 20 mu mawonekedwe a mankhwala a odwala matenda ashuga kupatsa anthu ambiri mwayi osati wotalikitsa moyo wawo ndi matenda oterowo, komanso kuti azisangalala nawo mokwanira.

Kupanga kwa mahomoni m'thupi

Ndi ma cell a "B" okha omwe ndi omwe amapanga zinthu izi mthupi la munthu. Hemuloni ya insulin imayendetsa shuga ndikuchita pazinthu zamafuta. Ndikuphwanya njirazi, shuga amayamba kukula. Mothandizirana ndi izi, malingaliro a asayansi akukumana ndi ntchito m'magawo monga zamankhwala, sayansi ya zamankhwala, sayansi ndi majini opanga maumboni kuti amvetsetse mfundo zonse za biosynthesis ndi machitidwe a insulin pamthupi kuti athe kuwongolera njirazi.

Chifukwa chake, ndi ma cell a "B" omwe amachititsa - kupanga insulini m'magulu awiri, imodzi ndi yakale, ndipo inayo ndi yotukuka, yatsopano. Poyamba, proinsulin imapangidwa - siyogwira ntchito ndipo imagwira ntchito yamafuta.Kuchuluka kwa chinthuchi kumatsimikizika pa 5% ndipo zomwe zimagwira m'thupi sizidziwika bwinobwino.

Hemeni ya insulin imasungidwa ndi maselo a "B" poyamba, monga timafotokozere pamwambapa, ndikusiyana kokhako kuti amapita ku Golgi tata, komwe amakakonzedwanso. Mkati mwa gawo ili lama cellular, lomwe limapangidwira kapangidwe ndi kudziunjikira kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi ma enzymes, C-peptide imasiyanitsidwa.

Zotsatira zake, insulini imapangidwa ndikuchuluka kwake, ikusungilira kuti izisungidwa bwino mumtsuko zazinsinsi. Kenako, ngati pakufunika insulin m'thupi, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose, maselo a "B" amatulutsa timadzi tambiri m'magazi.

Chifukwa chake thupi laumunthu limapanga mahomoni ofotokozedwawo.

Kufunika ndi gawo la mahomoni ofotokozedwawo

Chifukwa chiyani timafunikira insulin mthupi la munthu, chifukwa chiyani chinthu ichi chimagwira ntchito yanji? Thupi laumunthu la ntchito yolondola ndi yofananira nthawi zonse limapereka lingaliro kuti kwa maselo ake aliwonse amafunikira kwakanthawi:

• Yokhazikika ndi mpweya
• Michere yomwe amafunikira,
• Glucose.

Umu ndi momwe ntchito yake yofunika imathandizidwira.

Ndipo glucose momwe amapangira mphamvu inayake imapangidwa ndi chiwindi ndipo, kulowa m'thupi ndi chakudya, amafunika kuthandizidwa kuti alowe mu cell iliyonse kuchokera m'magazi. Mukuchita izi, insulini yolowetsa glucose m'maselo imagwira m'thupi la munthu ngati galimoto, potipatsa ntchito yoyendera.

Ndipo, zoona, kuperewera kwa chinthuchi kumaphetsa thupi ndi maselo ake, koma owonjezera angayambitse matenda monga mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga, kunenepa kwambiri, kusokoneza kugwira ntchito kwa mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, komanso ngakhale kuyambitsa khansa.

Pokhudzana ndi zomwe tanena pamwambapa, mulingo wa insulini mwa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga uyenera kuyesedwa pafupipafupi, kuyesa mayeso ndikupita kuchipatala.

Kupanga ndi chinthu chimodzi

Insulin yachilengedwe imapangidwa m'mapamba. Mankhwala omwe afotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi, kukhala mankhwala ofunikira, adasintha kwambiri pakati pa anthu omwe akuvutika komanso akudwala matenda ashuga.

Ndiye ndi chiyani ndipo ndimotani momwe insulini imapangidwira mu mankhwala?

Kukonzekera kwa insulin kwa odwala matenda ashuga kumasiyana:

• Ku mulingo wina kapena wina,
• Chiyambi (nthawi zina insulin - bovine, nkhumba, munthu),
• Zinthu zazing'ono
• Kusintha
• pH - yankho
• Kuthekera kophatikiza mankhwala (zochita zazifupi ndi zazitali).

Kubweretsa insulin kumachitika ndi ma syringe ena apadera, kuyerekeza kwake komwe kumayimiridwa ndi njirayi: mutatenga 0,5 ml ya mankhwala ndi syringe, wodwalayo amatenga magawo 20, 0,35 ml ofanana ndi magawo 10 ndi zina zotero.

Kodi mankhwalawa amapangidwa ndi chiyani? Zonse zimatengera momwe mumapezera. Ndi mwa mitundu ili:

• Mankhwala ochokera ku nyama,
• Zosiyanasiyana
• Umisiri wamtundu,
• Okonzedwa,
• Zopanga.

Horoni wa nkhumba wautali kwambiri. Koma kapangidwe ka insulin kameneka, komwe kanali kosiyana ndi mahomoni achilengedwe, kunalibe zotsatira zenizeni. Mothandizirana ndi izi, kupambana kwenikweni komanso kuthana ndi matenda ashuga kwakhala njira yogwiritsidwira ntchito insulin, momwe zinthu zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi 100% zimakhutira ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga, komanso amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana.

Chifukwa chake, zochita za kuphatikiza insulini kunapatsanso mwayi kuti odwala matenda ashuga akhale ndi moyo wabwinobwino komanso wathunthu.

Mwa kuwonekera batani "Tumizani", mumavomereza mfundo zachinsinsi zachinsinsi ndikupereka chilolezo chanu pakugwiritsa ntchito deta yanu pazokha komanso pazolinga zomwe zafotokozedwazo.

Kodi chifukwa chiyani insulin ili yoopsa?

Insulin sikuti ndi mahomoni opangidwa ndi kapamba, komanso mankhwala omwe amafunikira shuga. Ndipo odwala matenda ashuga pawokha amadera nkhawa ngati insulin ndi yoyipa, komanso ngati ingapewe.Poyamba, ndikofunikira kudziwa mtundu wa matendawa, chifukwa ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 sikungatheke popanda insulin, ndipo ndi mtundu 2 umaloledwa, koma pang'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, insulin yochulukirapo ilinso ndi mikhalidwe yake yoyipa.

Ubwino wa insulin

Mu shuga mellitus, dongosolo la endocrine silingathe kupanga kuchuluka kwa insulini - mahomoni ofunikira a metabolism oyenera, omwe amachititsa mphamvu zamagetsi. Amapangidwa ndi kapamba, ndipo amathandizira kupanga chakudya. Thupi limafunikira insulini chifukwa imawonetsetsa kuti likugwira ntchito moyenera. Ubwino wa mahomoni amawonetsedwa motere:

• imapereka kuchuluka kwa glucose m'maselo kuti asakhazikike mumitsempha yamagazi, ndikuwongolera msinkhu wake,
• woyang'anira ntchito yama protein,
• amalimbitsa minofu ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwawo,
• imafikitsa ma amino acid kumisempha minofu,
• imathandizira kulowa kwa maselo a potaziyamu ndi magnesium.

Jekeseni wa insulin mu mtundu 1 wa shuga ndikofunikira, ndipo mu mtundu 2 wa shuga amalepheretsa zovuta m'maso, impso ndi mtima.

Zokhudza thupi la munthu

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndi mtundu woyamba wa shuga, insulin siyopangidwa kapena yopangidwa pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, jakisoni ndikofunikira. Ndi mtundu 2, timadzi timene timapangidwa, koma sikokwanira kuonetsetsa kuti kunenepa kwa glucose kumachitika kwakukulu chifukwa cha kufooka kwa maselo. Potere, jakisoni safunika kwenikweni, koma odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala okonzekera kuti mahomoni amakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya, makamaka kowonjezera. Mothandizidwa nawo, kupanga sebum kumakhudzidwa, ndipo m'mafuta osakanikirana, mawonekedwe ake amakhudzidwa. Mtundu uwu wa kunenepa kwambiri ndizovuta kudya. Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta amawaika m'chiwindi, zomwe zimayambitsa hepatosis. Vutoli limadzaza ndi kulephera kwa chiwindi, mapangidwe a miyala ya cholesterol, yomwe imasokoneza kutuluka kwa ndulu.

Zovuta za insulin

Zotsatira zoyipa za insulin pamthupi zimayikidwa motere:

• Hormalo sililola kuti mafuta achilengedwe asinthidwe kukhala mphamvu, kotero chomaliza chimasungidwa m'thupi.
• Mothandizidwa ndi mahomoni m'chiwindi, kaphatikizidwe wamafuta acids amakulitsidwa, ndichifukwa chake mafuta amadziunjikira mumaselo am'thupi.
• Ma lipase lipase - enzyme yomwe imayambitsa kuphwanya mafuta.

Mafuta ochulukirapo amakhala pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, amachititsa atherosulinosis, ochepa matenda oopsa komanso matenda aimpso. Atherosulinosis imakhalanso yoopsa pakukula kwa matenda a mtima. Insulin ikhoza kuyambitsa zovuta zina mwanjira ya:

• kuchuluka kwa madzi mthupi,
• mavuto amawonedwe
• hypoglycemia (dontho lakuthwa la shuga),
• lipodystrophy.

Insulin imatha kuchepetsa shuga kwambiri ndikupangitsa hypoglycemia.

Kuwonongeka kwa lipodystrophic kumawerengedwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wa insulin nthawi yayitali. Ntchito zolimbitsa thupi sizivutika, koma chilema chaumboni chimawonedwa. Ndipo apa, hypoglycemia ndiye vuto lowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa mahomoni amatha kuchepetsa shuga kwambiri kotero kuti wodwalayo amatha kuzindikira kapena kugwa. Izi zitha kupewedwa ndikutsatira malingaliro a dokotala, makamaka, kuyendetsa mahandawo theka la ola limodzi asanadye.

Momwe mungathandizire ndi bongo

Ngati, jakisoni wa insulin, zizindikiro za mankhwala osokoneza bongo atayamba kuonekera kwa munthu wathanzi kapena wodwala matenda a shuga, muyenera kumuthandiza nthawi yomweyo.

• Kuchulukitsa chakudya chamafuta mthupi, munthu amapatsidwa buledi woyera, magalamu 100 okha ndi okwanira.
• Ngati kuukira kumatha kupitirira mphindi 5, tikulimbikitsidwa kudya supuni zingapo za shuga kapena ma caramel angapo.
• Ngati atadya mkate ndi shuga zinthu sizinakhazikika, amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwezi.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zambiri amachitika ndi munthu aliyense wodalira insulin.Koma apa ndikofunikira kuthandizira pakapita nthawi, chifukwa ndimankhwala ambiri osokoneza bongo, ketoacidosis yacute imatha kupezeka, yomwe ingafune kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amphamvu. Zikatere, mkhalidwe wodwala umakulirakulira.

Kodi ndizotheka kukana jakisoni wa insulin?

Zinanenedwa kuti matenda a shuga amtundu 1 sangachite popanda jakisoni, ndipo mtundu wosadalira insulini umagwiritsa ntchito timadzi tating'onoting'ono ngati kamphindi. Thupi limatha kuthana ndi ntchito zake, motero mutha kukana jakisoni, komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe zimakukakamizani kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala a insulin:

Kutengera phindu la mahomoni opindulitsa, kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni ndikwachiwonekere, ndipo ena odwala matenda ashuga sangathe popanda iyo, pomwe ena angakhale opanda nkhawa. Ngakhale zotsatira zoyipa pambuyo pa utsogoleri, zimatha kuchotsedwa palokha. Mwachitsanzo, kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwambiri, muyenera kusintha kadyedwe.

Chidziwitsocho chimaperekedwa kuti chizidziwitso chokha chokha ndipo sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakudzipanga nokha. Osadzinyengerera, zitha kukhala zowopsa. Nthawi zonse funsani dokotala. Pofuna kukopera mwatsatanetsatane kapena mwatsatanetsatane zinthu zomwe zili pamalowo, kulumikizana kwofunikira kukufunika.

Zotsatira za insulin pa kukula kwa kunenepa kwambiri

Madzi a insulin amatulutsa kapamba poyankha chakudya. Zimathandizira thupi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuchokera kuzakudya poyendetsa michere ku ma cell. Mitsempha yakam'mimba ikaphwanya chakudya chamagulugigisi ku glucose, insulin imatsogolera glucose kumalo osungira - minofu glycogen, glycogen m'chiwindi ndi minofu ya adipose.

Vomerezani, zingakhale bwino ngati minofu yathu imadya chakudya, koma insulini ilibe chidwi komwe ingawatsogolere. Anthu ocheperako amatha kupindula ndi izi - kuti apangitse mapangidwe ake ataphunzitsidwa kuti apange minofu, koma anthu onenepa kwambiri ayenera kuthera nthawi yayitali kuti akhalebe osasinthasintha.

Ntchito za insulin m'thupi

Osawopa insulini, chifukwa kuwonjezera pa ntchito zake za anabolic (kupanga minofu ndi mafupa am'magazi), imalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni am'mimba, imathandizira kapangidwe ka glycogen, ndikutsimikizira kuperekera kwa amino acid ku minofu. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusunga shuga wabwino m'magazi.

Mavuto amayamba pamene chidwi cha insulin chikuchepa. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amadya maswiti komanso kunenepa. Samatenga mafuta chifukwa cha insulini, koma chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu, koma m'thupi mwake insulin imakhala yolimba kwambiri - amapitilira shuga m'magazi, kuyesera kuti itsike pang'ono. Kunenepa kwambiri pakokha kumapangitsa kulemera kwa thupi ndikusintha kapangidwe kazinthu ka m'magazi, koma kuchuluka kwa insulini kumapangitsa kuti kapamba azitha kuzimitsa khungu. Umu ndi momwe mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umakhalira. Inde, izi sizichitika sabata limodzi kapena awiri, koma ngati mukunenepa kwambiri komanso ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito maswiti, muli pachiwopsezo.

Kuchulukitsa kwa insulin kotchinga kumalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa malo ogulitsa mafuta mkati. Ngakhale ilipo yambiri - simudzachepa. Amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati gwero lamphamvu, kupatutsa thupi kuma chakudya. Kodi izi zikugwirizana bwanji ndi zakudya? Tiyeni tiwone.

Milingo ya insulin ndi zakudya

Thupi limatulutsa insulini poyankha chakudya. Pali malingaliro atatu omwe amathandizira kuwongolera mulingo wake - iyi ndi glycemic index (GI), glycemic mzigo (GN) ndi insulin index (AI).

Mlozera wa glycemic umatsimikiza momwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhalira mutatha kudya zakudya zamatumbo. Mkulu akakhala mokwera, shuga amakwera msanga ndipo thupi limatulutsa kwambiri insulin.Zakudya zokhala ndi GI yotsika ndizodziwika ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba amtundu (mbewu zonse, amadyera ndi masamba osakhazikika), ndipo zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi GI yayitali zimadziwika ndi zoperewera zama fiber (mapira osenda, mbatata, maswiti). Chifukwa chake, mu mpunga oyera, GI ndi 90, ndipo yofiirira - 45. Panthawi yamatenda othandizira, CHIKWANGWANI chamafuta chimawonongeka, chomwe chimakulitsa GI ya malonda. Mwachitsanzo, GI ya karoti yaiwisi ndi 35, ndipo yophika - 85.

Katundu wa glycemic amakupatsani mwayi wodziwa momwe gawo linalake lazakudya zopatsa mphamvu zimakhudzira thupi. Asayansi aku Harvard adapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu, kumakhala kokwanira kuchuluka kwa insulini. Chifukwa chake, mukakonza chakudya, muyenera kuwongolera magawo.

Kuti muwerenge katundu, mawonekedwe ake ndi awa:

(Zogulitsa GI / 100) x zamafuta azakudya pamakonzedwe.

GN Yotsika - mpaka 11, sing'anga - kuchokera 11 mpaka 19, okwera - kuchokera 20.

Mwachitsanzo, muyezo wa oatmeal 50 g umakhala ndi 32,7 chakudya. GI oatmeal ndi 40.

(40/100) x 32.7 = 13.08 - pafupifupi GN.

Momwemonso, timawerengera gawo la ayisikilimu wazirimu 65 g. Mndandanda wa glycemic wa ayisikilimu 60, gawo 65 g, makabatijini pakupatsa 13.5.

(60/100) x 13.5 = 8.1 - GN yotsika.

Ndipo ngati pakuwerengera tikatenga magawo awiri a 130 g, ndiye kuti timapeza 17.5 - pafupi ndi GN yapamwamba.

Mndandanda wa insulin ukuwonetsa momwe timadzi timeneti timadzuka poyankha kudya zakudya zama protein. AI yapamwamba kwambiri ya mazira, tchizi, ng'ombe, nsomba, ndi nyemba. Koma mukukumbukira kuti timadzi timtunduwu timakhudzidwa ndi kayendedwe kazinthu zamagalimoto komanso kutengera ma amino acid. Chifukwa chake, izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Kwa ena onse, ndizosafunika kwenikweni.

Kodi tinganene chiyani pamenepa?

Zogulitsa zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic sizingochepetsa kuteteza insulini, komanso zimapatsa kumverera kwakutali kokwanira satiety chifukwa cha zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber. Zakudya zotere ziyenera kukhala maziko azakudya zochepetsa thupi.

Kuyeretsa ulusi ndi chithandizo cha kutentha kumachulukitsa chakudya cha GI pamene fiber mu chakudya komanso kupezeka kwamafuta kumachepetsa kuyamwa kwa zakudya. Kuchepetsa pang'ono, kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi komanso kuchepera kwa insulini. Yesani kudya mapuloteni ndi chakudya chamagulu limodzi, osapewa masamba ndipo musawope mafuta.

Ndikofunikira kuyendetsa magawo. Kuchuluka kwake, kumakhala kofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha kapamba komanso insulin kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, zakudya zazing'ono zingathandize. Kudya pang'ono, mudzapewa kuchuluka kwa glycemic komanso kuphulika kwa mahomoni.

Chakudya chochulukirapo chimabweretsa kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo kunenepa kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa matenda ashuga. Muyenera kupanga zoperewera zama calorie m'zakudya zanu, musamadye zakudya zanu komanso muziwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omaliramo. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto losakwanira la insulin ayenera kudya michere yambiri, koma mapuloteni ochulukirapo ndi mafuta monga gawo la zomwe amapeza mkati mwa kalori.

Mutha kudziwa kukhudzika kwanu motsimikiza. Ngati gawo lalikulu la chakudya likuyenda bwino komanso kumva kuti muli ndi mphamvu, ndiye kuti thupi lanu limatulutsa insulini. Ngati mukumva kutopa komanso kumva njala pambuyo pa ola limodzi, ndiye kuti chinsinsi chanu chikuwonjezeka - muyenera kulabadira kwambiri zakudyazo.

Kuperewera kwa kalori, zakudya zopatsa chidwi, kusankha zakudya zamagetsi ochepa, kuwongolera magawo ndi chakudya kumathandizira kukhala ndi insulin yolimba komanso kuchepetsa thupi mwachangu. Komabe, ngati pali kukayikira kulikonse kwa matenda ashuga, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Kukopera nkhaniyi kwathunthu kapena mbali yake nkoletsedwa.

Kodi insulin imawononga chiyani thanzi komanso thupi?

Insulin ndi timadzi tomwe timatulutsa kapamba. Amatenga nawo mbali pamaulalo osiyanasiyana a metabolic ndipo amachititsa kuti thupi lizikhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.

Popanda kupanga, matenda a shuga 1 amayamba ndipo, ngati simuyamba jakisoni, inshuwaransi imakumana ndi imfa.Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kupanga insulini kumakhala kwabwinobwino komanso ngakhale kukwezedwa, koma minyewa yake sikuidziwa. Zikatero, insulin ndi yoyipa, kayendetsedwe kake sikunawonetsedwa komanso koopsa.

Kuonjezera insulin m'magazi kungayambitse kukula kwa kotchedwa metabolic syndrome - kunenepa kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol yowonjezera, mafuta ndi glucose m'magazi. Mavuto omwewo akhoza kutsagana ndi kuperekedwa kwa insulin popanda kuwonetsa - mwachitsanzo, kukula kwa minofu mu othamanga.

Makhalidwe ofunikira a insulin

Kutulutsidwa kwa insulini kumachitika pamene glucose alowa m'magazi, ndiye kuti chakudya chilichonse chimakhala chothandizira kutulutsa kwa timadzi timeneti.

Nthawi zambiri, zimatsimikizira kuperekera kwa michere m'maselo, omwe amapereka momwe zakhalira.

Mu thupi, insulini imagwira ntchito zingapo zomwe zimatsimikizira ntchito yofunika. Ubwino wa insulin m'thupi umaonekera mwa izi:

• Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuwonjezera kuyamwa kwake ndi maselo.
• Zimawonjezera kukula kwa minofu ndikulimbikitsa kupanga kwa mapuloteni m'maselo.
• Zimalepheretsa kuchepa kwa minofu.
• Amanyamula amino acid kumisempha minofu.
• Imathandizira kutuluka kwa potaziyamu, magnesium ndi phosphate m'maselo.
• Imalimbikitsa kapangidwe ka glycogen m'chiwindi.

Zokhudza insulin pa mafuta kagayidwe

Phunziro lomwe limaphunziridwa kwambiri ndi insulin polimbana ndi mavuto a kagayidwe ka mafuta. Zimatsogolera kukukula kwa kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kulemera kumachepetsedwa ndikuvuta kwambiri.

Kukhazikika kwa mafuta m'chiwindi kumayambitsa mafuta a hepatosis - kuchuluka kwa mafuta mkati mwa khungu la chiwindi, kutsatiridwa ndi kusintha kwa minyewa yolumikizana ndikukula kwa chiwindi cholephera. Miyala ya cholesterol imapangidwa mu ndulu, zomwe zimayambitsa kuphwanya kwa mapangidwe a bile.

Kukhazikika kwa mafuta mu mafuta amkati amapanga mtundu wapadera wa kunenepa - komwe kumayambira mafuta m'mimba. Mtundu wa kunenepa kwambiri umadziwika ndi chidwi chochepa chakudya. Mothandizidwa ndi insulin, kupanga sebum kumapangidwira, ma pores pa nkhope amakula, ziphuphu zimayamba.

Njira zoyipa zochitira zinthu zotere zimachitika m'njira zingapo:

• Enzime ya lipase imatsekedwa, yomwe imaphwanya mafuta.
• Insulin siyilola kuti mafuta asandulike mphamvu, chifukwa amathandizira pakuphatikizana kwa glucose. Mafuta amakhalabe ophatikizidwa.
• Mu chiwindi, mothandizidwa ndi insulin, kaphatikizidwe wamafuta acids amathandizidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala m'maselo a chiwindi.
• Pansi pa kuchitapo kwake, kulowa kwa glucose m'maselo a mafuta kumawonjezeka.
• Insulin imalimbikitsa kaphatikizidwe ka cholesterol ndikuletsa kupasuka kwake ndi ma asidi a bile.

Zotsatira zamachitidwe amtunduwu m'magazi, mafuta ochulukitsa kwambiri amawonjezeka, ndipo amawaika pamakoma a mitsempha - atherosulinosis imayamba. Kuphatikiza apo, insulin imathandizira kuchepetsedwa kwa lumen ya mitsempha ya magazi, yolimbikitsa kukula kwa minofu minofu khoma lamitsempha. Zimalepheretsanso kuwonongeka kwa magazi omwe amabisa chotengera.

Ndi atherosclerosis, matenda a mtima amayamba, minyewa yaubongo imakhudzidwa ndi kukula kwa stroko, matenda oopsa oopsa amachitika, ndipo ntchito ya impso imalephera.

Zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa insulin m'mwazi

Insulin ndi othandizira kukula kwa minofu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magawo a cell achulukane. Ndi kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa insulin, chiopsezo cha zotupa zam'mawere zimawonjezeka, pomwe chimodzi mwazinthu zowopsa ndizovuta zamtundu wamtundu wa matenda ashuga a 2 ndi mafuta a m'magazi ambiri, ndipo monga mukudziwa, kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda a shuga nthawi zonse zimayendera limodzi.

Kuphatikiza apo, insulin ndiyo imayang'anira kusungidwa kwa magnesium mkati mwa maselo. Magnesium ali ndi katundu wopumula khoma lamitsempha. Ngati kuphwanya kwamphamvu kwa insulin, magnesium imayamba kuchotsedwa m'thupi, ndipo sodium, m'malo mwake, imachedwa, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwamitsempha yamagazi.

Udindo wa insulini pakukula kwa matenda angapo umatsimikiziridwa, pomwe, posakhala chifukwa chawo, umapanga nyengo zoyenera:

1. Matenda oopsa.
2. Matenda a oncological.
3. Njira zotupa zosafunikira.
4. Matenda a Alzheimer's.
5. Myopia.
6. Matenda oopsa a ubongo amayamba chifukwa cha insulin pa impso ndi mitsempha. Nthawi zambiri, pansi pa insulin, vasodilation imachitika, koma zikhalidwe la kutaya chidwi, dipatimenti yachifundo yokhudzana ndi machitidwe amanjenje imayendetsa ndipo ziwiya zochepa, zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
7. Insulin imathandizira kupanga zotupa - ma enzymes omwe amathandizira njira yotupa ndipo amalepheretsa kaphatikizidwe ka adiponectin ya mahomoni, omwe ali ndi anti-yotupa.
8. Pali maphunziro omwe akuwonetsa gawo la insulin pakukula kwa matenda a Alzheimer's. Malinga ndi lingaliro lina, puloteni wapadera amapangidwa m'thupi lomwe limateteza maselo aubongo kuti atulutsidwe ndi minyewa ya amyloid. Ndizinthu izi - amyloid, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma cell a ubongo atha kugwira ntchito yawo.

Mapuloteni omwewo amateteza kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, pakuwonjezeka kwa insulin, mphamvu zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuchepa kwake ndipo ubongo umakhalabe wopanda chitetezo.

Kuzama kwambiri kwa insulini m'magazi kumapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto lamaso, zomwe zimachepetsa kuthekera kwazowoneka bwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, pakhala kupitapo pafupipafupi kwa myopia mu mtundu 2 wa matenda a shuga komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Momwe mungakulitsire chidwi cha minofu

Popewa kukula kwa metabolic syndrome, malingaliro otsatirawa akuyenera kuonedwa:

• Kuletsedwa kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri (nyama zamafuta, mafuta anyama, mafuta anyama, chakudya chofulumira).
• Kuchepetsa kudya zamafuta osavuta chifukwa kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kwa shuga muzakudya zanu.
• Chakudyacho chiyenera kukhala chamagulu, popeza kupanga kwa insulin sikukhudzidwa ndi chakudya, komanso mapuloteni.
• Kugwirizana ndi zakudya komanso kusapezeka kwa zokhwasula-khwasula, makamaka ndi shuga.
• Chakudya chotsiriza chimayenera kukhala maola 4 asanagone, chifukwa chakudya chamadzulo chimakhumudwitsa insulin komanso kuvulaza mawonekedwe a mafuta.
• Ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi, kugwira masiku osala kudya komanso kusala kudya kwakanthawi (kokha kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala).
• Kuyambitsa kudya zakudya zomwe zili ndi fiber zokwanira.
• Zochita zolimbitsa thupi moyenera ngati mukuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku kapena kuchitira zolimbitsa thupi.
• Kukhazikitsidwa kwa kukonzekera kwa insulini kungakhale pokhapokha kupanga - ndi mtundu wa 1 shuga mellitus, nthawi zina zonse izi zimabweretsa kukula kwa matenda a metabolic.
• Ndi mankhwala a insulin, kuwunika pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikofunikira kupewa bongo.

Pali zikhulupiriro zambiri zabodza zomwe zimazungulira insulin - mu kanema munkhaniyi adzatsutsidwa bwino.

Kupanga kwa insulin mthupi

Kasitomalayu ndiye amachititsa kuti insulini ipangidwe - chifukwa imakhala ndi maselo apadera a beta. Mu thupi la munthu, timadzi timeneti timayendetsa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe, motero, katulutsidwe kake ndikofunikira. Kodi zikuyenda bwanji? Njira yopanga insulin ndi mbali zingapo:

1. Pancreas yoyamba imapanga prroinsulin (insulin preursor).
2. Nthawi yomweyo, peptide ya siginolo (L-peptide) imapangidwa, ntchito yomwe imathandizira preproinsulin kulowa cell ya beta ndikusintha kukhala proinsulin.
3. Kupitilira apo, ma proinsulin amakhalabe mu mawonekedwe apadera a khungu la beta - Golgi zovuta, pomwe amapsa kwa nthawi yayitali. Pakadali pano, proinsulin imayikidwa mu C-peptide ndi insulin.
4. Insulin yotulutsidwa imakhudzana ndi zinc ion ndipo mu mawonekedwe awa amakhalabe mkati mwa maselo a beta. Kuti ilowe m'magazi, shuga m'magazi amayenera kukhala ndi chidwi kwambiri. Glucagon imayang'anira zoletsa za insulin - zimapangidwa ndi ma cell a pancreatic alpha.

Kodi insulin ndi chiyani?

Ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya insulin ndikuwunika kagayidwe kazakudya pochita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi za insulin.Kodi zikuyenda bwanji? Insulin imalumikizana ndi cholandirira cha membrane wa cell (membrane), ndipo izi zimayamba ntchito ya michere yofunika. Zotsatira zake ndikuyambitsa kwa protein kinase C, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi metabolism mkati mwa khungu.

Thupi limafunikira insulini kuti magazi asakhale ndi shuga nthawi zonse. Izi zimatheka chifukwa chakuti mahomoni:

• Zimathandizira kukonza shuga.
• Imachepetsa ntchito yopanga shuga m'magazi.
• Imayamba ntchito ya ma enzyme omwe amachititsa kuti shuga azithamanga.
• Imathandizira kusintha kwa glucose owonjezera kukhala glycogen.

Mlingo wa insulin m'magazi umakhudzanso njira zina za thupi:

• Kutsimikizika kwa amino acid, potaziyamu, phosphorous ndi magnesium ndi maselo.
• Kusintha kwa shuga m'chiwindi ndi maselo amafuta kukhala triglycerides.
• Kupanga kwamafuta acid.
• Kubereka koyenera kwa DNA.
• Kuponderezedwa kwa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni.
• Kuchepetsa kwa kuchuluka kwamafuta omwe amalowa m'magazi.

Insulin ndi shuga wamagazi

Kodi shuga wamagazi amawongolera bwanji ndi insulin? Mwa munthu yemwe alibe matenda ashuga, magazi a magazi amakhalabe ofanana, ngakhale sanadye kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa kapamba amapangira insulini kumbuyo. Mukatha kudya, zakudya zam'mimba zimaphwanyidwa kukhala mamolekyulu a glucose mkamwa ndipo amalowa m'magazi. Minyewa ya glucose imachuluka, ndipo zikondamoyo zimatulutsira insulin m'magazi, ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi - iyi ndi gawo loyamba la kuyankha kwa insulin.

Kenako chitsulo chimapanganso mahomoni kuti abwezeretse ntchito, ndikupita pang'onopang'ono magawo atsopano mukuchepa kwa zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'matumbo - gawo lachiwiri la kuyankha. Zotsalira za glucose zosagwiritsidwa ntchito zimasinthidwa pang'ono kukhala glycogen ndikusungidwa mu chiwindi ndi minofu, pang'ono ndikukhala mafuta.

Pakapita nthawi yambiri mutadya, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumatsika, ndipo glucagon imamasulidwa. Chifukwa cha izi, glycogen yomwe imapezeka m'chiwindi ndipo minofu imasweka ndikupanga shuga, ndipo shuga ya magazi imakhala yachilendo. Chiwindi ndi minofu yotsalira yopanda glycogen imalandira gawo latsopano la chakudya chotsatira.

Madzi a insulin

Magazi a insulin amawonetsa momwe thupi limapangira shuga. Chizindikiro cha insulin mwa munthu wathanzi chimachokera pa 3 mpaka 28 μU / ml. Koma ngati shuga wambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi insulini yayikulu, izi zitha kutanthauza kuti maselo am'mimba amakhala osagonjetseka (mahomoni) kwa mahomoni omwe amapanga iron mwachizolowezi. Mafuta okhathamira am'magazi komanso otsika - insulin ikuwonetsa kuti thupi limasowa mahomoni opangidwa, ndipo shuga ya magazi ilibe nthawi kuti ithe.

Mulingo wokwera

Nthawi zina anthu amaganiza molakwika kuti kuchuluka kwa insulini ndi chizindikiro chabwino: m'malingaliro awo, mwanjira iyi mumakhala inshuwaransi motsutsana ndi hyperglycemia. Koma kwenikweni, kutulutsidwa kwambiri kwa mahomoni sikothandiza. Chifukwa chiyani zimachitika?

Nthawi zina chotupa kapena chithokomiro cha kapamba, matenda a chiwindi, impso ndi ma adrenal gland ndi omwe amafunika kutsutsidwa. Koma nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa matenda a insulin kumachitika mu mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, pomwe mahomoni amapangidwa mokhazikika, ndipo maselo am'mimba "sawona" - pali insulin. Thupi limapitilizabe kuphatikiza mahandawo ndipo limachulukitsa kuchuluka kwake, poyesa kupulumutsa chakudya m'maselo. Chifukwa chake, ndi matenda a 2 shuga, kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi kumakhala kopitilira muyeso.

Cholinga chomwe khungu limalembera insulin, asayansi amalingalira za genetics: chilengedwe chimapereka kuti kukana insulini kumathandizira kuti thupi likhale ndi moyo wanjala, ndikupangitsa kuti azitha kusunga mafuta munthawi yabwino. Kwa gulu lamakono lamayiko otukuka, njala sinakhale yofunikira kwa nthawi yayitali, koma chamoyo, mwa chizolowezi, chimapereka chizindikiro chodya zochulukira. Kudzikundikira kwamafuta kumayikidwa kumbali, ndipo kunenepa kwambiri kumakhala chida choyambitsa matenda a metabolic m'thupi.

Mulingo wotsika

Insulin yafupika ikhoza kuwonetsa mtundu woyamba wa shuga, pamene kusowa kwa timadzi timene kumapangitsa kuti shuga asagwiritsidwe ntchito. Zizindikiro za matendawa ndi:

• Kuyamwa mwachangu.
• Ludzu lamphamvu losalekeza.
• Hyperglycemia - glucose amakhala m'magazi, koma chifukwa cha kusowa kwa insulin satha kudutsa nembanemba.

Endocrinologist ayenera kuthana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga insulini - muyenera kulumikizana naye kuyezetsa magazi.

Zifukwa zazikulu zochepetsera kupanga insulin ndi:

• Zakudya zopanda pake, munthu akasankha zakudya zamafuta, chakudya chopatsa mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, insulin yomwe kapamba amapanga sikokwanira kuthana ndi chakudya chomwe chimabwera. Kupanga kwa mahomoni kukuchulukirachulukira, ndipo ma cell a beta omwe amachititsa izi amatha.
• Kudya kwambiri.
• Kupsinjika ndi kusowa kwa tulo tikulepheretsa kupanga insulin.
• Kuzindikira kwa chitetezo chokwanira chifukwa cha matenda operewera komanso chifukwa cha matenda omwe adachitika kale.
• Hypodynamia - chifukwa chokhala phee, mafuta a magazi amawonjezeka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe kumapangidwa ndi thupi kumachepa.

Chifukwa chiyani ndidayamba kulemba nkhaniyi, ndipo ndani, kapena chimandipatsa ine mwayi wochita izi? Mtundu woyamba wa shuga wofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 80 zapitazi, ndipo ndikudziwa za izi. Kwazaka pafupifupi 30 ndikadwala, ndidakumana ndi zovuta za mankhwalawa ndipo ndidapita njira zambiri zamankhwala. Tazindikira zopanda pake zonse, komanso kuvulaza, komanso kukhala ndi luso lalikulu, komanso chidwi chofuna kumvetsetsa funso, chifukwa chani ngati chithandizo chosavulaza, pali zovuta zambiri? Madotolo amayankha ku funso ili kuti "ndi chifukwa cha shuga wokha" sanandiyenerere, chifukwa kwa iye palibe angatsimikizire popanda zonena wamba. Mwachidziwikire, ndinali wokhutira ndi yankho losavuta ili mpaka ine nditayamba kumvetsetsa funso lovuta ili. Ndipo apa ndimadikirira zodabwitsa zambiri zosasangalatsa.

Nditapenda zolembedwa zambiri, ndikuzipenda ndikuziyerekeza ndi zovuta zomwe ndili nazo lero, ndazindikira kuti zomwe zimapangitsa zovuta zonse za matenda ashuga ndi mankhwala omwe amawoneka kuti akuchepetsa kuvutika kwa wodwala. M'malo mwake, tili ndi chithunzi chosiyana kotheratu! Nditakhala nthawi yayitali ndikusonkha ndi kufotokozera mwachidule zomwe zidatengedwa ku magwero aboma, ndimatha kuwonetsa kuvulaza konse kwamankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ashuga. Ndipo, koposa zonse, ndinakwanitsa kupeza umboni wotsimikizika wa "wosokerera" wanga woganiza kuti zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zonse matendawa sizoposa kukonzekera kwa insulin yokha!

Munkhaniyi ndinayesera kutsimikiza izi, motsimikiza komanso zowona, osati zopeka komanso zonama. Werengani nokha ndikudziweruza nokha.

Kodi matenda ashuga amabweretsa mavuto ambiri?

Kwa nthawi yayitali ndimati ndikupita, ndipo pamapeto pake ndidaganiza kuti ndilembe nkhaniyi, chifukwa kulibenso mphamvu yokhala chete, ndikuyang'anira umbuli ndi malingaliro omwe amapezeka pakati pa anthu ndi madokotala pankhani zathanzi ndi zamankhwala. Ndizomvetsa chisoni kuwona momwe anthu amanyengedwa, omwe safuna kudzikakamiza kuti atsegule ndikuwona dziko popanda mawonekedwe ndi tsankho, amatenga nthawi yawo yochepa kuti akhale anzeru kwambiri, ndikupanga miyoyo yawo ndi miyoyo ya okondedwa awo pang'ono zabwinoko komanso zotetezeka. M'malo mwake, mwazizolowezi, timangokhala ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wathu komanso thanzi lathu ku "sayansi ya zamankhwala," yomwe, kwazaka zambiri zakhalapo, sichinadziwenso zoyambitsa matenda. Osanena za chithandizo chawo. Koma nthawi yomweyo, iye mokakamira akupitilizabe kunena kuti iye ndi "wolondola" komanso "watetezeka".Zotsalira kwa anthu wamba pamenepa ndi ziti? Palibenso china koma kungokhulupirira mu “zozizwitsa” ndikuti adotolo adzakhala "mfiti wamatsenga" wokhoza kuchita zozizwitsa.

Zolemba zambiri komanso mabuku adalembedwa za matenda "osokoneza" awa, makanema ambiri apangidwa, ndipo pafupifupi onse amadzazindikira kuti matenda a shuga sachiritsika konse, ndipo simuyenera kuganiziranso. Njira zosiyanasiyana, zakudya ndi magawo olimbitsa thupi amaperekedwa, makamaka chilichonse. Pali njira zina “zina” zomwe zimakhala ngati chilekano chakuletsa. Zochepa ndizodziwika bwino zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, ngati osanena kanthu. Zachidziwikire, pali malingaliro ena osaganizira ena omwe samalungamitsidwa ndi aliyense, koma iyi ndi mutu wankhani yosiyaniratu. Ndipo tsopano ndikufuna kunena za momwe matendawa amachitikira, momwe amayesera "kuthandizira", komanso tanthauzo lake. Ndipo koposa zonse, zomwe zonsezi zimatsogolera ndikutsogoza pambuyo pake.

“Nthenda yokoma” imatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse. Mankhwala oopsa kwambiri a shuga amayamba chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimakhalapo, zaka komanso mwachangu kwambiri. Choyipa chachikulu, matendawa amatha kupha. Ziwalo zingapo zosiyanasiyana zimawonongeka, zomwe zimatha pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa metabolic. Nayi zovuta komanso zovuta kwambiri za matenda ashuga:

1. Kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zazing'ono, makamaka maso ndi impso. Izi zimatha kubweretsa khungu ndipo, chifukwa chake, kulephera kwa impso.
2. Zosokoneza magazi m'miyendo. Pambuyo pake, izi zimatsogolera pakupangidwe kwa zilonda pamiyendo. Mabala samachiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, kusinthika kwa minofu kumatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri. Muzovuta kwambiri, madera omwe akhudzidwawo amachotsedwa mozizwitsa - ndikudula.
3. Kuwonongeka kwa minofu yamanjenje. Zomwe zimapangitsa kupweteka m'mphepete, kumverera kwazungu, kapena mosemphanitsa, kumachepetsa kugunda kwa chidwi, komwe kumatsogolera ku "matenda a shuga."
4. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi ena.

Mpaka pano, chithandizo chonse cha matenda ashuga chimatsika pakudya ndi mankhwala a insulin, omwe amapangidwa kuti shuga asakhale ochepa. Njira yokhayo yoperekedwa ndi wodwala wotere ndimankhwala amwambo ndi Insulin, kapena m'malo mwake, omwe amangoganiza kuti amangopindulitsa. Amakhulupirira kuti, chifukwa cha kupangidwa kwakukulu uku kwa asayansi, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kupulumuka.

Koma kodi zilidi choncho? Palibe amene anakafunsapo izi, zomwe sizimadzipeza kale pazokha. Zowonadi, monga amanenera, mawu aliwonse amakhala ndi mbali ya ndalama ija. Funso lokha ndikutha kusankha imodzi mwa mbalizi, kapena kudziwa zoyipa ziwiri zokha. Ndipo kuti tichite izi, ndikofunikira kuphunzira kuchuluka kokwanira kwa chidziwitso chodalirika, ndikutha kuyisanthula. Ndipo pamaziko a kusanthula kosakondera kumeneku kuti mupeze malingaliro oyenera.

Kodi yankho la insulin ndi chiyani, makamaka chifukwa chake, ndi chifukwa chake ndikutsimikizira izi, zidzawonekeranso pamawu ena omaliza. Koma poyamba, ndiyesetsa kufotokoza mwachidule matendawa pawokha, zomwe zimapangitsa, zomwe zimabweretsa komanso zotsatirapo zake.

Matenda a shuga - tanthauzo lenileni la matendawa, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zotsatira zake.

Matenda a shuga amapezeka m'magulu awiri:

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga - wodalira insulini, momwe kapamba, pazifukwa zina, amapanga insulin yocheperako, kenako, munthu akapaka jekeseni, gland imayamba kuzimiririka, ndipo kupanga mahomoni kumatha. Zotsatira zake, mulingo wa shuga (shuga) m'magazi umakwera, ndipo pambuyo pake umawonekera mkodzo. Matenda amtunduwu amakhudza makamaka ana ndi achinyamata.

Type 2 shuga , (kapena matenda a shuga mwa achikulire ndi okalamba) amakula mosiyanasiyana.Pankhaniyi, kapamba amagwira ntchito pafupipafupi, insulin imapangidwa, koma mwina osakwanira kapena insulini siyabwino - siyolondola pakapangidwe, chifukwa chake singatenge nawo gawo lathunthu la metabolism, kapena, chidwi cha maselo a hormone iyi ndiosakhazikika, kapena onse amatengedwa limodzi .

Ndipo pomwepo madotolo amatumiza mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga omwe samalola kuti shuga amidwe m'matumbo, kapena mapiritsi ena omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale zowonjezera zomwe zimatchedwa "insulin receptors", i.e. onjezerani mphamvu ya timadzi tomwe timayendetsa cell. Osachepera, zalembedwa mwanjira zosiyanasiyana muzolemba zamankhwala.

Palinso mankhwala ena omwe amagwira ntchito mwanjira ina, koma mulimonsemo, onsewo ndi cholinga chobisalira kapena kuletsa kupanga shuga, kapena kumulowetsa m'magazi, omwe mwanjira iliyonse sangathetse vutoli, koma amangokulitsa ndikupatsa munthu chinyengocho. Chilichonse chiri "mu dongosolo". Zotsatira zake, shuga wochepa amalowetsedwa m'magazi, mulingo wake umatsika, ndipo ubongo umalangiza kapamba kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa insulini, komwe kumakulitsa shuga (glucose) m'magazi kachiwiri. Adotolo amakakamizidwa kuti apereke kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mapiritsi, ndipo njirayi imabwerezedwanso. Ndipo, pamapeto pake, mapiritsiwa amasiya kugwira ntchito konse, ndipo wodwalayo amasamutsidwa kukhala jakisoni, ndipo palibe njira ina.

Zimapezeka kuti pazochitika zoyambirira ndi zachiwiri timakhala ndi zotulukapo zofanana: wodwalayo adabzalidwa pa mahomoni opanga, kapena m'malo mwake yankho lake, ndipo munthuyo amasintha kukhala kapolo wa insulin, kenako nkukhala munthu wolumala. Koma pambuyo pa zonse, osati kokha ndipo osati insulin yambiri yomwe imayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Choyamba, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa magazi kumayendetsa chiwindi. , ndipo izi ziyenera kudziwika kwa aliyense yemwe amaphunzitsa anatomy kusukulu. Pakakhala shuga wambiri m'magazi, chiwindi chimasunthira muyeso wake kukhala malo osakwanira (glycogen), ndikugulitsa mpaka mphindi yoyenera. Mphindi ngati izi zikafika, chiwindi chimabwezeretsa glycogen kukhala chosasunthika ndikuponyera m'magazi, ndipo potero imasunga kuchuluka kwa glucose pamlingo woyenera kwambiri kuzinthu zomwe zapatsidwa. Chifukwa chake, chiwindi chimakhudzidwa mwachindunji pakukhazikitsa shuga. Insulin ndi njira ina yowonongera maselo a glucose komanso mayamwa ake. Koma chiwindi ndi chomwe chimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa gululi kumakhala m'magazi poyamba!

Chiwindi ndi kapamba gwiritsani ntchito awiriawiri, ndipo kusokonekera kwa chimodzi mwa ziwalozi mosavomerezeka kumabweretsa kufooka kwa ntchito za enawo. Chifukwa chake, kuti mupeze matenda olondola, chinthu chofunikira ichi chiyenera kukumbukiridwa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukumbukira izi, ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, omwe madokotala ena amafunikira, amadziwika kuti ndi matenda, ndiye kuti ndi osakhalitsa. Slag ndi poizoni (ziphe) zimadziunjikira m'thupi la munthu aliyense wazaka, chifukwa chake ntchito za "kuyeretsa" kwa thupi zimachepa mosalephera: impso sizimasefa magazi bwino, zomwe zimakulitsa katundu pachiwindi, popeza chiwalo ichi, pakati pazinthu zina, chimayankha pakuwonongeka kwa ziphe zomwe zimalowa mthupi ndi chakudya, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, chifukwa cha kutupa. Ndipo, zowonadi, ndi zochulukitsa zotere, ntchito za chiwindi zimachepa, ndipo pakhoza kubwera mphindi yomwe chiwindi sichingathenso kuthana ndi kukonzanso kwa glucose, ndipo msanga wake umayamba kukula pang'onopang'ono. Pankhaniyi, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa insulin yotulutsidwa ndi kapamba sikumapulumutsa, koma mosiyana ndi izi: mahomoni ochulukirapo amapangidwa, omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi njala nthawi zambiri, munthu amadya kwambiri, zakudya zowonjezera zambiri zimabwera.

Munthu amalemera, shuga amawuka, zomwe zimalemereranso chiwindi. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kwamwazi kumeneku kukakhala kokhazikika, munthuyo amapezeka ndi mtundu 2 shuga , ndipo chithandizo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a hypoglycemic.

Ndizovomerezeka kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakhala pafupifupi 5 mmol / l pamimba yopanda kanthu, koma mowirikiza chizindikirochi chimasinthasintha ndipo chimakhala chamunthu aliyense payekha. Mkulu wa glucose amasintha mosalekeza. Kutengera ndi nthawi ya tsiku, kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya ndi madzi, ngakhale munthu akudwala kapena wathanzi, kupuma kapena pambuyo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, chabwino, etc. Zowona, mu thupi lathanzi, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumayendetsedwa ndi iko kokha - zokha, malinga ndi zosowa. Wodwala alibe makina otere, kapena ali ndi vuto lalikulu, kotero "odwala matenda ashuga" sangakhale ndi mashuga osakwanira mwakutanthauzira. Mwachitsanzo: kodi mudadya china chake - shuga amadzuka, jakisoni amatuluka - shuga amachepetsa, amapuma tsiku lonse - amadzukanso, anachita masewera olimbitsa thupi - amapitanso pansi, ndi zina zotero. M'mawa m'mawa mulingo wina wa shuga, masanawa wina, madzulo wachitatu, usiku wachinayi.

Mwambiri, kwathunthu chilichonse chimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa shuga - iyi ndi nthawi ya tsiku ndi nthawi ya chaka, ndi nyengo, ndi zaka, komanso zolimbitsa thupi kapena kusakhalapo, kaya mudadya kapena ayi, komanso zomwe mudadya komanso nthawi yake komanso kuchuluka kwake, mumamva bwino kapena kudwala ... Shuga "adzadumpha" nthawi zonse, chifukwa tsopano limayendetsedwa pamanja, mothandizidwa ndi jakisoni wa insulin. Ndipo sizingakhale choncho chifukwa chosowa malamulo achilengedwe! Uku ndikovuta kwa matendawa, chifukwa muyenera kudziwongolera nokha momwe mumawerengera shuga, ndipo, monga momwe mumawerengera, sizingatheke kusintha limagwirira mwanjira iliyonse, ngakhale yamakono kwambiri. Ndipo "insulin pump" imodzimodziyo siyingapereke zotsatira zoyenera, koma bwino kwambiri komanso zovulaza insulin, poyerekeza ndi cholembera "syringe", koma mlingo ndi mankhwalawo amakhalabe chomwecho. Ndipo tsopano tinayandikira bwino kwambiri chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, chomwe ndi kukonzekera kwa insulin.

"Chithandizo" cha matenda ashuga - insulin ndi chiyani?

Hemeni yachilengedwe ya insulin ndi njira ina yowonjezera shuga m'maselo a khungu. Ndiye kuti, amasintha glucose kukhala "digestible" boma kuti ilowe mu cell iyi ndi yomwe. Insulin sikuwongolera mulingo wina aliyense wa shuga, koma imangothandizitsa kuigwira!

Chifukwa chake, akuti insulin imakhudzidwa ndi metabolism, koma kuchuluka kwa zinthuzi, kapena m'malo mwake, shuga, kumawongolera chiwindi!

Chiwindi chikakhala chathanzi komanso chosajambulidwa ndi poizoni komanso zodetsa nkhawa zosiyanasiyana, munthu akayamba kutsogola, palibe njira zotupa mthupi ndipo chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhala chathanzi pamene impso zimagwira ntchito yawo bwino, mwachitsanzo, zimachotsa poizoni ndi ziphe kunja kwa thupi, ndiye kuti zonse zimakhala zochulukirapo kapena zochepa mwadongosolo . Kupanda kutero, malamulo a shuga m'magazi amasokonekera ndipo chiwindi, cholephera kugwira shuga, chimayamba kuchiwonjezera m'magazi mopitirira muyeso.

Zachidziwikire, thupi limatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa insulini yomwe imapangidwa kuti muchepetse shuga yowonjezera, yomwe, mwanjira zambiri, imachitika, koma izi ndizongoyembekezera kwakanthawi ndipo sizimayambitsa chilichonse, popeza chiwindi chimapitilizabe kuponya shuga m'magazi mwambiri. Zotsatira zake, shuga wamagazi akupitilizabe kukwera, ndipo poyandikira pang'ono, shuga amapezekanso mkodzo. Munthu amayamba kuthana ndi ludzu, kufooka, kukakamira pafupipafupi kuchimbudzi, ndipo zonsezi zimaphatikizidwa ndi kuchepa thupi msanga.

Chifukwa chake, kapena zikuwoneka, matenda a shuga a 2 akupanga. Wodwalayo amapatsidwa mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga omwe amasokoneza mayamwidwe a shuga m'matumbo ndipo potero amakwaniritsa kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi. Chisankho chanzeru kwambiri, sichoncho?

Popeza shuga amasiya kumizidwa m'magazi, maselo amayamba kufa ndi njala - pali shuga pang'ono m'magazi. Makamaka njala "shuga" yowononga imakhudza maselo amitsempha! Mwakutero, safuna insulini ndipo amatha kuyamwa shuga popanda iyo (insulin-Independent), koma amafunika shuga kuposa ena, chifukwa chofunikira kwambiri pakulimbitsa thupi, komwe kumafunikira mphamvu zambiri kuti athe kuisamalira, komanso yonyamula komanso yotheka kwambiri yamafuta awa ndi glucose .

Koma kubwerera ku mapiritsi. Ndi chithandizo chawo, amakwaniritsa kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi, kuwaletsa kuti asatengeke m'matumbo kuchokera ku chakudya, kapena kuletsa kupanga kwa chiwindi.Zotsatira zake, kapamba amayamba kupanga insulini yocheperako, chifukwa chosagwiritsa ntchito, ndipo shuga amatulukanso. Poyankha izi, adokotala amawonjezeranso mlingo wa mankhwalawa ndipo chilichonse chimabwerezedwanso.

Mapeto ake, kapamba pafupifupi amasiya kutulutsa insulin, ngakhale kuti poyamba idkagwira ntchito moyenera. Mapiritsi amasiya kupereka zotsatira ndipo wodwalayo amakakamizidwa kuti amasamutseni jakisoni wa insulin, yemwe pamapeto pake amapha kapamba ndipo amatsogolera ku atrophy yake yotsatira. Munthu amadalira insulin kwa moyo wonse, kapena m'malo mwake, analogue yake yopanga, yomwe imabayidwa pansi pakhungu pogwiritsa ntchito "cholembera cholembera" kapena "insulin pump", yomwe singasinthe tanthauzo la nkhaniyi. Pompo imangokulolani kuchita bwino masana kuti mulowetse gawo limodzi la insulin.

Mwanjira imeneyi mtundu 2 shuga mosalephera, ndi njirayi, imalowa lembani 1 matenda a shuga, mtundu wodalira insulini . Madokotala ena amati mtundu wa shuga wachiwiri wa shuga, womwe umakhudza kwambiri akulu ndi achikulire omwe, kuti awoneke ngati matenda, ndiye kuti ndiwakanthawi kochepa komwe ndimavomereza kwathunthu. Ndi njira yoyenera, kudya mosamalitsa, kulimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu komanso kusintha moyo wanu, mtundu wa matenda a shuga a 2 ungathe kuchiritsidwa mosavuta, kapena m'malo mwake kuchira. Momwemonso chitetezo chamthupi chimabwezeretseka, ntchito za chiwindi zimabwezeretseka.

Chiwindi nthawi zambiri chimakhala chinthu chapadera komanso chokhacho chomwe maselo ake amatha kubwezeretsanso (kudzichiritsa), ndi njira yabwino komanso moyo wabwino! Koma, zikuwoneka kuti, "mankhwala athu" sakukondweretsedwa ndi anthu, koma m'moyo wawo wonse, omwe nthawi zina amakhala okwera mtengo, omwe amalola wodwalayo kuiwala za zovuta zawo kwakanthawi ndikusiya makoma aku chipatala kuti abwererenso posachedwa. Zinafika poti palibe aliyense koma tokha omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi thanzi lathu labwino: kwa madokotala ndi ntchito komanso zopeza, kwa makampani opanga mankhwala ndizopindulitsa zazikulu. Ndipo kwa ife tokha ndi kusokonezeka kwakukulu, zowawa ndi zokhumudwitsa. Mwachidziwikire, mankhwalawa alibe chidwi ndi anthu athanzi: munthu wathanzi sadzapita kuchipatala kuti akalandire chithandizo, ndipo izi zimalepheretsa gulu lankhondo lalikulu la madokotala amalandila ndalama. Sindikunena za mankhwalawa omwe anthu athanzi amasiya kugula, kusiya makampani onse opanga mankhwala popanda phindu, omwe, mwa njira, pafupifupi onse ali a eni akunja. Popeza phindu lomwe limadza chifukwa chogulitsa mankhwala ndi zida zachipatala limaposa kwambiri phindu lochokera ku mankhwala osokoneza bongo a "mankhwala osokoneza bongo", zikuwonekeratu kuti ngakhale tili athanzi, palibe amene angatisiye tokha.

Ndikukumbukira nthabwala zabwino za wodwala amene amafunsa dotolo yemwe adatulukira mbiri yake ya zamankhwala: kodi adzakhala ndi moyo? Kwa iye, akuganiza, akuyankha: Mudzatero. Koma osati olemera. Chabwino, china chake ndidasokonekera. Tiyeni tibwerere ku "nkhosa zathu," insulin.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya insulini: awa ndi insulin yakuchokera nyama (nkhumba, bovine), komanso umisiri wamtundu wa anthu, ngakhale izi ndizomwe zingapezeke pazomwe zimayikidwa. Osatinso kakhazikitsidwe, kapena kafotokozedwe, kapena lingaliro la zochita, koma tanthauzo lina losamveka lomwe silinenanso chilichonse chapadera. Mwakutero, kapangidwe kazomwe zimayikidwa ndizofanana pena paliponse, ndipo yankho lokha, lomwe lili ndi mahomoni, limafanana kwambiri ndi ma insulin onse, zomwe ndizosadabwitsa kuyambira pakuwoneka kwa organic chemistry, chifukwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zili mdera lomwelo zimayenera kuchita mosiyana. Koma pakadali pano, mutha kusiya funso ili pambali.

Komanso, ma insulins amagawidwa pang'onopang'ono (maola 7-8), omwe amayenera kuperekedwa musanadye chakudya chilichonse ndikuchita kwakanthawi (kupitirira maola 18) ndi makina amodzi kapena awiri.Ndipo ngati ma insulin "achidule" adapangidwa kuti alowe m'malo mwa mahomoni achilengedwe, ndiye kuti ma insulini owonjezera, zinthu zimakhala zosiyana kotheratu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti m'thupi mumakhala makina, onse amachepetsa shuga, ndipo motsutsana, ndiye kuti akuwonjezera mulingo uwu. Izi ndizofunikira kuti shuga nthawi zonse amasungidwa mokwanira kwambiri, komanso kuti palibe kudumpha kwadzidzidzi. Tsiku lililonse timadya zakudya zamagulu ochulukirapo, ndipo ngati sizikwanira, thupi limakulitsa mulingo wawo chifukwa cha zomwe umapeza. Apa ndipomwe chiwindi chimakhudzidwa, komanso glucagon ya mahomoni, yomwe imapangidwanso ndi kapamba, maselo ena okha ("alpha") ndi omwe amachititsa izi. Glucagon imafunikira kuti ipange shuga wake m'chiwindi, - imayambitsa kuwonjezera shuga m'magazi pakafunika.

Chifukwa chake, "lalitali" limaletsa kupangika kwa glucagon, ndiko kuti, limaletsa ntchito za maselo "alpha", omwe amachititsa kutsika shuga ndi magazi a gulu la maselo a pancreatic. Zotsatira zake, tawononga maselo "a beta" omwe amayambitsa kupanga insulini, ndipo kuwonjezera pamenepo tawononga maselo a "alpha", ndi chinyengo chonse pamakonzedwe a shuga a magazi. Komanso, motsogozedwa ndi insulin, chiwindi chimavutikanso, chifukwa cha kupindika kwa glucose. Ndipo popanda chiwindi chathanzi, kagayidwe kabwinobwino, makamaka kagayidwe kazachilengedwe, kawirikawiri sikosatheka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ambiri amavomereza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito “insulin pump” ndikotetezeka kwambiri, pamavuto, komanso pompo chifukwa chimagwiritsa ntchito insulini "yochepa", ndiye kuti chiwindi ndi kapamba zimavutika kwambiri, chifukwa chake, zotsatirapo zake ndizowonongekanso. ziyenera kukhala zochepa.

Zotsatira zake, ma insulin amapondereza kapamba konse, ndipo njirayo imasinthika. Koma si zokhazo. Ndipo osati zoyipa kwambiri zomwe zimabweretsa kugwiritsa ntchito insulin.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga - omwe amakonda mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Ndidzangopatsa mayina a ma insulin okha, chifukwa kapangidwe kake kanali kofanana, kamenekanso kodabwitsa. Nawa ena mwa ma insulini omwe amakonda: Actrapid, Humulin, Lantus ndi ena.

Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule chilichonse cha aliyense payekhapayekha. Kodi amapangidwa ndi chiyani? (deta yotengedwa pamakonzedwe - malangizo a mankhwalawo, ndi magawo ovomerezeka pa intaneti). Pa tebulo ili m'munsiyi, ndikukufunsani kuti mupereke chidwi ndi kapangidwe kake kamankhwala omwe amapanga, omwe ali m'malingaliro mwanga, ndiwo omwe amayambitsa matenda ashuga.

Lantus (Solo Star)

Insulin glargin (Insulinum glarginum).

Yankho: Solution ya subcutaneous makonzedwe a 1 ml, insulin glargine 3.6378 mg. (chikufanana ndi 100 IU ya insulin ya anthu)

Kuchokera pagome ili sikophweka kuzindikira kuti m'makonzedwe onse atatuwa omwe akubwera ali ofanana.Ndi zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndichinsinsi chathunthu: palibe fomula yamafuta, kapena dzina lenileni - palibe chomwe chingakhale chothandiza kumveketsa bwino bwino. Ndipo kodi pali vuto lililonse ndipo / kapena kupindula ndi zinthuzi munthawi yogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali?

Ine ndikudabwa chifukwa chiyani? Mwinanso chinsinsi cha malonda. Ndi "othandizira", momwe zinthu ziliri "zabwino", pankhani ya zidziwitso, zomwe tidzapezerapo mwayi ndikuwona zomwe "zothandizira" izi.

Chifukwa chiyani "akutithandiza" motere? Tikuyesera kulingalira. Aliyense amene ali waulesi kwambiri kuti awerenge zonse zomwe zimapangidwira pamankhwala awa omwe atchulidwa pansipa angathe kuwerenga izi mosamala, "mwanjira ina", kungolabadira zomwe ndawerengazi. zokwanira kuzindikira kukula kwa chiwopsezo cholowetsa izi mu thupi.

Sizovuta kwa aliyense, ngakhale wophunzira kwambiri, kuzindikira izi Zinthu zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi zowopsa kwambiri , ndipo ngati mungachiyike m'Chirasha - ndi chakupha kwambiri komanso chowopsa kwa thupi la munthu, ngakhale chikakumana ndi khungu, gawo lakunja lomwe limakutidwa ndi maselo akufa. Ndipo tinganene chiyani za kumeza mwachindunji ... Hafu ya iwo ali ndi gulu lachiwiri lowopsa la 4, lachiwiri kokha kwa owopsa, monga potaziyamu cyanide ndi zebaki!

Izi, zikadatha kumaliza nkhaniyo, popeza zomwe tafotokozazi ndi zokwanira kuti munthu aliyense wanzeru azindikire zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa zoopsa izi, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito moyo wanu wonse! Ndipo izi ndizomwe zimachitika pakagwiritsidwe ntchito ka insulin, aliyense amene anena. Koma kwa iwo omwe ali "mu tank," ndipo omwe samatha kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe izi zikutanthauza kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiyesetsa kumveketsa nkhaniyi pang'ono.

Wina angatsutse: kuti Mlingo wa zinthu izi m'mankhwala mulibe wambiri, ndipo "sungavulaze", koma tisathamangire kuti tinene. Choyamba, "chosakhala chapadera" ndivulanso! Ndipo chachiwiri, mawu ngati amenewa ndi oona mwapadera kwa mankhwalawo. Zomwe munthu samatenga nthawi yayitali, munthawi yochepa yachipatala. Masiku ano matenda a shuga, munthu amakakamizika kubaya insulin tsiku lililonse, ndipo kangapo moyo wake wonse! Chifukwa chake, zikuwoneka kuti kuchuluka kwa zinthu zakudulazi kumawonjezeredwa pamodzi! Mchaka cha tambala wamankhwala otere, pafupifupi 150 ml., Kuphatikiza kapena kuchepera, amalowa m'magazi mwachindunji, kutengera mtundu wa munthu. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zinthu zingapo za poizoni zomwe zimapezeka mu yankho la insulin, motero zovuta zawo zimawonjezeka! Ndipo kukwiya konseku kwathunthu kumadzetsa poyizoni wa ziwalo zonse, kusokoneza impso ndi chiwindi, kuwotcha kwamakemikolo. kudzikundikira kwa poizoni wambiri ndi poizoni. Kukhalapo kwanthawi zonse kwa ziphe m'thupi kumawononga ntchito za impso, zomwe zimayambitsa vuto lalikulu ndikuchotsa poizoni m'thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, impso ndizomwe zimayang'anira kuthamanga kwa magazi pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi, yongolera zomwe zimatchedwa "mtima wa mtima."

Zachidziwikire, kuthamanga kwa magazi kulibe phindu lililonse pama capillaries osalimba ndi osakhazikika, komanso kukhala bwino. Koma kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi gawo lofunikira la thupi: "impso" zobisika capillaries, kukhulupirika kwake komwe kumaphwanyidwanso, thupi limangokakamizidwa kuwonjezera magazi. Zachidziwikire, izi zimayendera limodzi ndi zotsatira zosasangalatsa, mu mawonekedwe a kukoka kwamphindi yaying'ono, kuwonjezeka kwa katundu pamtima, kumva kuti mulibe chiyembekezo komanso mutu. Koma izi sizoyipa kwenikweni kuposa kupha ziwalo zonse m'nthawi yochepa. Ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, munthu amatha kukhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali, kukhala wathanzi. Koma, ngati magazi satsukidwa poizoni ndi ziphe, ndiye kuti munthu adzafa mwachangu komanso mopweteka. Zachidziwikire ambiri adamva za chinthu chosasangalatsa ngati sepsis - poyizoni wamagazi. M'magawo onse awiriwa, maulosiwo sakhala otonthoza, koma chilengedwe chilibe njira zina zoyeretsera magazi! Palibe chilengedwe chomwe chingadziwiretu kuti anthu enieni adzadzipweteka okha, ngakhale mwadala.

Chilichonse chofotokozedwa pamwambapa, osati chokhacho, chimabweretsa chisokonezo chachikulu cha ziwalo zonse ndi minofu, makamaka zomwe zimakhala ndi mitsempha yambiri yamagazi: awa ndi chiwindi, impso, ndulu, ubongo ndi minyewa yamanjenje yonse, kuphatikiza ndi mitsempha ya m'maso ndi maso a m'maso, omwe amabooleredwa ndi ma capillaries ang'onoang'ono. Zachidziwikire, izi ndi ziwiya zokha, makamaka ziwiya zamagawo akumunsi, poganizira malo omwe ali kutali kwambiri ndi mtima. Mtima ndi mtima zimagwira gawo loyendetsa mthupi, chifukwa chomwe zimafikitsa michere ndi mpweya m'maselo, ndikuchotsa poizoni ndi ziphe m'maselo. Ntchito yonseyi imatchedwa "metabolism." Udindo waukulu pakuchita izi umaseweredwa ndi zotengera zoonda kwambiri - ma capillaries, momwe kusinthanaku kumachitikira.

Ma capillaries ndi oonda kwambiri, ma microscopic machubu omwe si ma microscope onse omwe amatha kuzindikira. Zowonjezera: kutalika kwa dongosolo lonse la munthu mu fomu "yozokotedwa" ndioposa ma kilomita 100,000, osati mita, koma ma kilomita! Awa ndi maulendo ochepa padziko lonse lapansi! Thupi lathu limapyozedwa ndi mitsempha ya magazi kwambiri. Makoma a nyumba zabwino kwambiri zoterezi amakhala ndi maselo amodzi. Kapangidwe kosavuta koteroko kamalola kuti pakhale kupangika kwakukulu pakati pa magazi ndi madzi a m'magazi momwe maselo athu amayandama. Ndipo kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa capillaries kumapangitsa kuti magazi azituluka ndi ma cell ofiira am'magazi mu plasma, zomwe ndizosavomerezeka (chinthu chodziwika ndi aliyense monga kuphulika). Zachidziwikire, thupi limatha kukonza chotengera chowonongeka, koma zikaonongeka zambiri ndikupitilizidwa kudziunjikira mosalekeza, thupi limalephera kutunga mabowo onse.

Ma capillaries owonongeka oterewa amaphatikizidwa, kuti apewe kuthamanga kwakukulu komanso kufalikira kwa matenda, omwe nthawi zonse amapezeka m'malo owonongeka. Pambuyo pake, ziwiya "zong'ambika" zimangosinthidwa ndi zomwe zimadziwika kuti "zongopangidwa kumene," zofanizira. Munthawi ya "kukonza" ndikusinthira mitsempha yamagazi, maselo omwe adadyetsedwa nawo adamwalira kapena kuwonongeka kwakukulu, ndipo adasinthidwa ndi maselo a minyewa yosavuta, yomwe imakhala ngati "zida kukonza" mthupi lathu komanso Palibenso ntchito.

Minyewa yamanjenje, yomwe imayang'anira kuwongolera kachitidwe konse ndi ziwalo zathupi lathu, imakhudzidwa makamaka ndi njala. Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha kuwonongeka kwa minofu yotereyi ndi chomwe chimatchedwa "diabetesic retinopathy" - kuwonongeka ndi kusokoneza kwa retina kuti amalize kulipira kwa mitsempha ya maso, pazifukwa zomwe tafotokozazi. Inde, njira zowonongeka zotere zimachitika mthupi lonse, koma m'maso ndizowonekera. Mwanjira yabwino kwambiri ya mawu.

Pofuna kubwezeretsa masomphenya, ndikofunikira, choyambirira, kuti muchepetse kudya kwa ziphe m'thupi, ndikuyeretsa impso. Kenako bwezeretsani ntchito ya pancreatic. Kenako konzani ziwiya zonse, m'malo mochotsa maselo okhala ndi zithunzi zowonongeka ndi amoyo wathanzi, chotsani poizoni ndi chilichonse. Sinthani kusintha konseku pamlingo wazizindikiro zamaubongo, ndipo zitatha izi mutha kudalira ntchito yonse ya maso ndi thupi lonse. Kuti mukwaniritse zonsezi, muyenera kuyeretsa ndi kubwezeretsanso ntchito ya magazi ena onse mthupi, kuti muzitha kuzungulira komanso kugwiritsira ntchito metabolism. Koma kuti mupange kuyeretsa kwina konse m'thupi, muyenera kubwezeretsanso kugwira ntchito kwa impso izi zisanachitike. Kupanda kutero, kuphatikizira kwa poizoni ndi tinthu tambiri tomwe timakhala m'maselo titha kungobisa impso, zomwe zimatsogolera kumatchedwa "kulephera kwa impso", poyizoni wa magazi, ndipo pamapeto pake mpaka kufa kwa thupi.Ndipo tsopano, aliyense akhoza kupanga chisankho pazokha, kodi ndizotheka kuti zamankhwala zamakono zipange gawo la zonsezi pamwambapa? Ndikuganiza kuti yankho lake nlachidziwikire.

Kodi choyambitsa chachikulu cha zovuta za matenda ashuga ndi chiyani?

Choyambitsa chenicheni cha mavuto onsewa si shuga konse, monga madokotala akunenera. Ndizowona, si shuga wambiri ngati momwe amapangira insulin, ndipo ndendende, yankho lomwe limakhalapo ndipo limawotcha mitsempha yamagazi ya wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo tsiku lililonse, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa zosasinthika. Funso lokhalo ndi nthawi ndi "malire a chitetezo" cha chamoyo china, koma zotulukapo zake zikuwonekerabe. Shuga, kapena molekyulu ya glucose, yokha siyingavulaze thupi, popeza ndiye mafuta achilengedwe a maselo ndipo thupi limasinthidwa kuti lizigwira mamolekyulu amenewo. China chake ndikuti pali zochulukirapo za mamolekyulu awa. Monga zina zilizonse, sizimakhudza thupi m'njira zabwino, ndipo ma mamolekyulu enieniwo si owopsa, koma ndi zovulaza kuti thupi silingathe kuyamwa, komanso ngakhale pazinthu zosafunikira zotere. Zotsatira zake, pamachitika zodabwitsazi: pakukhala zakudya zochulukirapo, thupi silingathe kuzimeza, ndipo nthawi zonse limakhala ndi "njala". Chifukwa chake, kufooka ndi kuvala kwa machitidwe ndi ziwalo zonse pang'onopang'ono zimayamba, zomwe zimatsogolera ku kufa kwa thupi.

Kuti mugwire bwino shuga yemweyo, thupi limafunikira kuchuluka komanso kuchuluka kwa insulini, makamaka mwachilengedwe chake. Analogue yopanga ikhoza kusintha pang'ono gawo lathu la insulin. Kupatula apo, njira yodziyimira payokha ya shuga imasokonezeka ndikusinthidwa ndi "buku", ndipo ndi chikhumbo chonse sichingabwezeretse kagayidwe kazachilengedwe, ndipo izi ndizoposa mphamvu iliyonse yamankhwala. Kuwongolera kwa insulin yamankhwala kumangopatsa chinyengo chabe kuti zonse zikuyenda bwino. Ndipo posakhalitsa zimayambitsa zovuta zazikulu, monga khungu, kusokonezeka kwa impso, mtima dongosolo, kuzungulira kwa magawo am'munsi, zina. zomwe zimalepheretsa mtima ndi impso. Osatinso insulin yokha, koma yankho lomwe ili momwemo, ndipo izi zikuwonetsedwa mwachindunji mu mankhwala omwe ena mwa "obwera" - mwachitsanzo, "glycerin".

Mokulira, pamachitika zododometsa izi: Ndipo zonsezi ndi matenda ashuga ...

Ndikukana kumvetsetsa kuti izi zitha bwanji kukhala mgulu la nzeru? Kupatula apo, mankhwalawa samapangidwa ku mayiko ena obwerera "dziko lachitatu", koma ku Europe, ndi makampani akuluakulu azamankhwala omwe ali ndi zaka zambiri odziwa. Kodi samvetsetsa zomwe akuchita? Ndikuganiza kuti amamvetsetsa bwino, ndipo izi zikuphatikiza kale mndandanda wina wazinthu zina zosiyana siyana zomwe sizingafanane ndi nkhaniyi.

Koma kachiwiri, kubwerera ku mutu wathu. Ndikubwerezanso kunena kuti zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zazikulu sizingakhale "shuga" zokha. Thupi limasinthidwa mwanjira inayake kuchuluka kwa mamolekyu a glucose, koma thupi lathu silokonzekera kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa "tambala" wamtunduwu, wotchedwa "otchukira," ndipo silinapangidwe kuti tipeze zoipa. Koma chilengedwe sichingaganize kuti ndife tokha. Modzifunira, titha kuyamba kuthilira madzi ndi ziphe zamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale zochuluka chotere, komanso mosakhalitsa.

Ndisanamalize nkhaniyi, ndikufuna kufotokoza bwino pang'ono funso komanso kusadwala matenda ashuga . Mwa zina, zomwe zimatchedwa antiseptics, zomwe ndi gawo limodzi la yankho limodzi la insulin, zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chitetezo cha mthupi. Zachidziwikire, amabweretsanso mphindi yabwino, ndikupha kachilomboka m'dera la jakisoni wa insulin, bwanji palibe njira zotupa m'malo awa, ngakhale kuti jakisoni amapangidwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo khungu m'malo awa silimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mowa, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito singano zingapo kumaloledwa pa syringes. Koma ndipamene mapindu onse a antiseptics amatha, ndikuvulaza kwambiri kumayambira. Kuphatikiza kuti zinthu izi ndizopweteka kwambiri - zapoizoni, zomwe zimayika zovuta pamitsempha yamagazi, impso, chiwindi, mtima, mantha, zimasokoneza chitetezo chathu.

M'malo mwake, amagwira ntchito monga maantibayotiki, kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali komwe kumapangitsa kuti chitetezo chamthupi chisagwe. M'nkhani yathu ya matenda a shuga, "mankhwala olimbana ndi kutupa" awa amakhala moyo wanga wonse, motero chitetezo changa chomwe chimatha kugwira ntchito mwachidziwikire, popeza ntchito yonse yotsutsana ndi bakiteriya imachitika ndi antiseptics, pomwe pali ambiri opanda tanthauzo pakukonzekera insulin. Cholinga cha opanga kuti izi ndizofunikira kuti vial yotseguka ya insulin ikhoza kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali sichitsutsa kutsutsidwa kulikonse. Choyamba, mabotolo oterewa, ndipo tsopano amawonjezeka, osatsegulidwa konse, monga osafunikira, ndipo mankhwalawo amakankhidwa ndi pisitoni ya cholembera kunja, ndipo popanda china. Ndipo zochulukirapo zotere zimatha mwachangu ndipo zimasinthidwa ndi watsopano, ndipo sitingakayikire zakuti "alipo" owonjezereka. Ndiponso ndili ndi funso: nanga bwanji pakukonzekera insulini ndiwotulutsa mankhwala ochuluka kwambiri? Madokotala mwachilengedwe amapeza yankho la funso ili, mu mtundu wa "chofunikira kwambiri" ndipo "ndikotetezeka" ...

Komabe, pazifukwa zina, palibe amene amasamala ndipo samatchula katundu yemwe dongosolo la lymphatic limakumana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo - njira yomwe imagwira ntchito mogwirizana kwambiri ndi mtima wamtima ndikuwathandizira, imapangitsa kuti poizoni ndi poizoni zisamachitike. , imasamala ndikuyeretsa "madzi" onse m'thupi lathu, komanso ndi gawo lofunikira la chitetezo chathupi, chofunikira kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga. Aliyense amadziwa kuti matenda ashuga amachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi, bwanji, palibe amene amafotokoza. Dokotala aliyense nthawi zonse amakhala ndi yankho limodzi ku mafunso onse: "... mukuti chiyani, mukufuna, ndi shuga, ndipo chifukwa cha iye mavuto onse ...", zomwe zimangokhala zoona.

Malinga ndi lingaliro ili, njira zotupa zimayenera kuchitika makamaka mmera ya shuga, popeza chitetezo chofooka chimachepa, ndipo ena onse ayenera kukhala athanzi ndikutetezedwa kumatenda. M'malo mwake, tikuwona chithunzi chosiyana kwambiri, chomwe ndi chakuti, "anthu ogwira ntchito ya shuga" samadwala matenda opumira kwambiri, anthu athanzi, m'malo mwake, amadwala, ngakhale ali ndi dongosolo lokhazikika. Chifukwa chake, sizokhudza shuga. Ndipo mfundo yake ili ndendende mu ma antiseptics omwe, ngakhale amapondera matendawa, koma iwo eni amatsogolera ku imfa ya maselo amoyo wathanzi! Ndipo ngati wina ayesa kuchepetsa kwambiri mankhwala a insulin, ndiye kuti amathamangira pazovuta zake, zomwe zimachulukitsa matenda onse osachiritsika.

Ma antiseptic kapena maantibayotiki ali ndi vuto lililonse osati ma cell a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso maselo onse athanzi, chifukwa iwo, makamaka, si osiyana ndi oyamba. Chifukwa chake, sikulimbikitsidwa kumwa maantibayotiki pafupipafupi komanso m'njira zambiri. Ngakhale dzina "antiotic" (lili ndi mawu ena achi Greek "anti" ndi "bio", omwe amatanthauza "motsutsana ndi moyo"), limadzilankhulira lokha. Inde, maantibayotiki amatha kukhala othandiza pakuwonjezereka kwa matenda ena opatsirana, koma osatinso. Nthawi zina, zimapangitsa kuti thupi liwonongeke, zimasokoneza mphamvu ya chitetezo chathupi, ndipo zimawonjezera mphamvu.

Chifukwa chake, poganizira izi pamwambapa, mawu omaliza omvetsa chisoni abwera: limodzi ndi "mankhwalawa", timapeza zovuta zambiri, nthawi zina zowopsa kuposa matenda omwe, omwe tikudwala.

Pankhani ya insulin, pamachitika tsoka lalikulu, limodzi ndi umagwirira aliyense. Osati zokhazo, insulin yochita kupanga simupereka chakudya chathunthu chamthupi, imayambitsanso kuvulaza thupi lonse! Mankhwala aliwonse, osavuta kwambiri amakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa ngakhale atagwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa, ndipo nthawi zambiri amalembedwa pamawuwo. Koma, ndi insulin, pazifukwa zina, zinthu sizili zosiyana kotheratu. Pamawu omwe akuperekera palibe mawu okhudzana ndi zovuta zilizonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa, kupatula zomwe zimatchedwa kuti tsankho. Kodi wina angayankhe kuti, makamaka, izi ndizotheka bwanji ngati pali zinthu zambiri zakupha? Inde, ndipo ndikugwiritsa ntchito moyo wanu wonse? Kupatula ngati kubisa mwadala chidziwitso izi sizingatchulidwe ...

Kodi pali njira ina yothandizira kuti mukhale ndi insulin?

Ndikuganiza kuti pakhala pali ena omwe angafune kutsutsa ndikunena kuti insulini "imapulumutsa moyo wa anthu, ndipo palibenso china chake." Izi zitha kuyankhidwa motere: zomwe zingatheke ndikupulumutsa, koma pokhapokha kuti pambuyo pake zisinthe kukhala "zoopsa". Ndipo pali chisankho nthawi zonse, ndipo munthu ayenera kuchenjezedwa za zoopsa ndi zotsatirapo zake asanapange chisankho. Ndipo, ngati matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba siosavuta, ngakhale kuti ndi osokoneza bongo, ndiye kuti munthu amene ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 ali ndi mwayi wokhala wathanzi komanso osavulazidwa. Pokhapokha pakufunika kufotokoza zonse molondola komanso mwachangu kwa anthu, osati kuwopseza zovuta zomwe zingalephereke.

Inde, kukana insulini kosavuta sikutha kuthetsa vuto, ndipo sikotheka konse, koma ndizotheka kuchita izi, ngati muli ndi chidziwitso chokwanira komanso njira yololera! Zowona, pankhani iyi, munthu ayenera kudzipangira yekha:

• siyani kamodzi kokha zoipa zonse ndi zizolowezi,
• samalani kwambiri ndi zakudya
• kuyenda pafupipafupi pamsewu, monga panja, shuga amawonjezera mosavuta ndipo amawonongeka,
• onetsetsani kuti mukuchita zikhalidwe zanu zamasiku onse,
• Inde, zoona, malingaliro olondola a malingaliro ndi kuphunzira kwa chidziwitso chonse chomwe chilipo chokhudza matendawa.

Mwambiri, muyenera kusintha moyo wanu, kukhala wathanzi komanso yoyenera. Ndikumvetsetsa kuti izi sizophweka konse, koma cholinga chachikulu ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wautali, mwina zikuyenera kuthana ndi ulesi ndi kufooka kulikonse.

Ndikufuna kunena motsimikiza kuti ayi, sindingayitane kukana insulin kwathunthu komanso nthawi yomweyo! Makamaka anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oyamba! Ndikulakalaka kufotokozera iwo omwe atha kukhala kale pafupi ndi matendawa, komanso omwe sakudziwa za izi, komabe ali pachiwopsezo. Chifukwa chake, ndimaona kuti ndi udindo wanga kuchenjeza aliyense za ngozizi. Popanda chidziwitso, munthu amadzipangitsa yekha kulakwa kosagonjetseka, zotsatirapo zake, pomwepo muyenera kuthana ndi moyo wanu wonse.

Ndikofunikira, pomaliza, kumvetsetsa kuti pambali pathu, thanzi lathu silifunikanso kwa wina aliyense mdziko lino, ndipo silothandiza. Yakwana nthawi yoti tonse tikule ndikuyamba kutenga udindo pazomwe timachita. Ndipo musasinthe kuti mukhale kwa "amalume" a anthu ena ndi “azakhali. Ngakhale akhale madotolo. Musaiwale kuti ndi anthu ofanana omwe amatha kulakwitsa, onse chifukwa chodziwa zambiri zomwe sizimalola kuti adziwe zolondola, komanso mantha chifukwa cha ntchito ndi malipiro awo. Koma zingakhale momwemo, mulimonse, munthu aliyense payekha ali ndiudindo pazomwe amachita . Mwiniwake, osati "Mulungu", ndipo osati "Mfumu" osati "Mutu". Ndipo zilibe kanthu kuti wina akonde kapena ayi, amamvetsetsa kapena ayi.Pokhapokha munthu akazindikira izi, ndipo atakhala ndi udindo wonse pazomwe akuchita, zinthu zimatha kusintha. Pakadali pano, timakhulupirira athu, thanzi lathu lokha, kwa alendo, tikukhulupirira, ngati ana ang'ono, kuti amatha kusintha kena kake m'moyo wathu wolakwika, palibe chabwino chomwe timayembekezera. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni ife tsopano tikule ndi kukhala anzeru pamalingaliro apamwamba a mawu.

Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amalolera kuti azitsatira ngati mankhwala osankhidwa bwino agwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma nthawi zina, kusintha kwa thupi kwa insulin kapena zowonjezera za mankhwala, komanso zinthu zina, zitha kuonedwa.

Mawonekedwe am'deralo ndi hypersensitivity, tsankho

Mawonetsedwe am'deralo pamalo opangira jakisoni. Izi zimaphatikizapo kupweteka, redness, kutupa, kuyabwa, urticaria, ndi njira zotupa.

Zambiri mwa zizindikirozi zimakhala zofatsa ndipo zimakonda kuwoneka masiku angapo kapena masabata atayamba kulandira chithandizo. Nthawi zina, pangafunike kusintha insulin ndi mankhwala okhala ndi zoteteza zina kapena okhazikika.

Hypersensitivity yomweyo - matupi awo sagwirizana amakula nthawi zambiri. Amatha kupangika pa insulin palokha komanso pazinthu zina zothandizira, ndikuwonetsa monga mawonekedwe a khungu:

1. bronchospasm,
2. angioedema
3. dontho mu kuthamanga kwa magazi, mantha.

Ndiye kuti, onsewa amatha kukhala pachiwopsezo pamoyo wa wodwalayo. Ndi mitundu yonse ya ziwengo, ndikofunika kusintha mankhwalawo posachedwa kukhala ndi insulin, komanso ndikofunikira kuchita anti-allergen.

Kulekerera kwa insulin chifukwa cha kugwa kwachulukidwe ka nthawi yayitali kokhala glycemia. Ngati zoterezi zikuchitika, ndiye kuti muyenera kukhalabe ndi glucose pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri kwa masiku pafupifupi 10, kuti thupi lizitha kuzolowerana ndi mtengo wabwino.

Masewera oyipa am'badwo wachinyamata

Nthawi zina achinyamata amasankha kuyesa koopsa ndi thanzi lawo, ndikudzibaya jakisoni. Mphekesera zikuzungulira pakati pa achinyamata zomwe insulin imathandizira kuti azichita bwino. Koma ndiyenera kunena kuti mphekesera zotere zilibe maziko.

Hypoglycemia imafanana kwambiri ndi kuledzera, koma imakhudzanso thupi.

Komabe, ziyenera kumvedwa kuti zakumwa zoledzeretsa zimawonedwa ngati mphamvu zochepa, zomwe thupi limalandira mosagwiritsa ntchito gawo lake. Koma pankhani yochepetsera kuchuluka kwa shuga, zinthu ndizosiyana pang'ono. M'mawu osavuta, m'malo mwa phokoso lomwe likuyembekezeredwa, munthu amapezeka wolimba kwambiri ndi mutu wovuta komanso kunjenjemera kosalozeka m'miyendo. Tisaiwale kuti kubwereza kwamankhwala mobwerezabwereza kwa munthu wathanzi labwino chifukwa cha zotsatira za kusokonekera kwa dongosolo la endocrine.

Makolo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa ana awo akamakula ndipo nthawi zambiri amakambirana nawo za kupewa kupewa kumwa mankhwala mosagwiritsa ntchito dokotala.

Insulin ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa shuga, koma kwa munthu wathanzi mahomoniwa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira zina.

Zowonongeka ndi mawonekedwe a sodium

Zotsatira zoyipa kuchokera kumbali yakuwonekera. Kusintha kwamphamvu m'magazi a shuga m'magazi chifukwa chalamulo kumatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwakanthawi, monga minofu turgor ndi kusintha kwa mandala kuyerekeza ndi kuchepa kwa kukana kwamaso.

Kuchita kotereku kuonedwa kumayambiriro kwa kugwiritsa ntchito insulin. Izi sizikusowa chithandizo, mumangofunika:

• chepetsani vuto la maso
• gwiritsani ntchito kompyuta yocheperako
• werengani zochepa
• penyani TV yochepera.

UluluAnthu ayenera kudziwa kuti izi sizowopsa komanso kuti masabata angapo masomphenya adzabwezeretsedwa.

Kupangidwe kwa ma antibodies kumayambiriro kwa insulin. Nthawi zina ndi izi, ndikofunikira kuchita kusintha kwa mlingo kuti muchepetse mwayi wokhala ndi hyper- kapena hypoglycemia.

Nthawi zina, insulini imachedwetsa sodium excretion, zomwe zimapangitsa kutupa. Izi ndizowona makamaka ngati milandu ya insulin ikulimbitsa kwambiri. Insulin edema imachitika koyambirira kwa njira yochizira, siyowopsa ndipo nthawi zambiri imatha masiku atatu mpaka 4, ngakhale nthawi zina imatha mpaka milungu iwiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa.

Kugwira kwa insulin m'magazi

Insulin imagwira ntchito pakusunga mphamvu komanso kusintha kwa glucose obwera kukhala minyewa ya adipose, ndikuchita ntchito ya conduction shuga ikakalowa m'maselo a thupi. Insulin ndi chinthu chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndikupanga amino acid ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo.

Pali insulin m'thupi la munthu malinga ndi kuchuluka kwake, koma kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwake kumayambitsa zovuta zingapo za metabolic, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa.

Insulin ili ndi zotsatirapo zabwino komanso zabwino m'thupi la munthu.

• kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mapuloteni,
• kuteteza kapangidwe ka maselo a mapuloteni,
• kuteteza amino acid mu minofu minofu, yomwe imawonjezera kukula kwawo,
• kutenga nawo gawo kapangidwe ka glycogens, zomwe zimathandizira kuti shuga isungike m'misempha.

Anthu amazindikiranso zinthu zoyipa zomwe zimachitika mthupi ngati muli ndi insulin yambiri m'magazi:

1. zimathandiza kuteteza mafuta,
2. Amapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsekemera za ma cell zolandilira,
3. bwino mafuta acid synthesis,
4. kumawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi
5. amachepetsa kutanuka kwa makoma amitsempha yamagazi,
6. zimathandizira kuti pakhale maselo owononga chotupa.

Mu nthawi yokhazikika ya seramu yamagazi, insulin imakhala kuchokera 3 mpaka 28 mcU / ml.

Kuti phunziroli likhale lothandiza, magazi ayenera kumwedwa kokha pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Zizindikiro za mankhwala a insulin

Kwa munthu wathanzi, mlingo wabwino wa thupilo ndi 2-4 IU mu maola 24. Ngati tikulankhula za omanga thupi, ndiye 20 IU iyi. Kwa anthu odwala matenda a shuga, chizolowezi chake ndi 20-25 IU patsiku. Ngati dokotalayo ayamba kuledzera pamankhwala ake, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mahomoniwo kumawonjezera bongo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia ndi izi:

• kusankha kolakwika kwa mankhwala,
• kusintha mtundu wa syringes ndi mankhwala,
• masewera osapatsa mafuta
• kudya moyenera komanso nthawi yomweyo insulin,
• kuphwanya zakudya pambuyo jekeseni (kunalibe chakudya atangochita),

Munthu aliyense amene amadalira insulin, kamodzi kamodzi m'moyo wake, anali kumva zosasangalatsa zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri. Zizindikiro zazikulu za bongo za insulin:

1. kufooka kwa minofu
2. ludzu
3. thukuta lozizira
4. miyendo yanjenjemera
5. chisokonezo,
6. kuchuluka kwa thambo ndi lilime.

Zizindikiro zonsezi ndi chizindikiro cha hypoglycemic syndrome, chomwe chimakwiya chifukwa cha kuchepa msanga kwa magazi m'thupi. Yankho lofananalo ku funso la zomwe zimachitika ngati mutabaya insulin mwa munthu wathanzi.

Matendawa amayenera kuyimitsidwa msanga, apo ayi wodwalayo amagwa, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti atuluke.

Matenda a insulin ochuluka

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe amatha kutsagana ndi matenda a shuga, nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa chifukwa cha matenda a Somoji. Mkhalidwe uwu umadziwika ndi kupanga corticosteroids, adrenaline ndi glucagon pamitundu yambiri.

Somoji syndrome ndi insulin overdose syndrome, ndiko kuti, mkhalidwe wovuta womwe umabweretsa zotsatira zosasintha ndipo umafunikira chisamaliro chapadera.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za hypoglycemia:

• kulakalaka
• matenda oopsa
• kuchuluka kwa acetone mu mkodzo,
• kuthamanga kwambiri, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga mumkodzo,
• malingaliro amunthu pa ketoacidosis,
• shuga amayamba kuchuluka tsiku lililonse,
• hypoglycemia zoposa nthawi 1 patsiku,
• Kulembetsa pafupipafupi kwa shuga wambiri.

Nthawi zambiri, poizoni wa insulin amakhala munthawi yayitali kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma izi nthawi zonse zimadzimva zokha. Somoji syndrome imasiyanitsidwanso ndikuti kukula kwa mkhalidwe wa hypoglycemic mwa munthu kumawonedwa pa 2-4 a.m. Ndi chifukwa cha bongo wa insulin yamadzulo.

Kuti achepetse momwe zinthu zilili, thupi liyenera kuyambitsa njira zowonjezera mphamvu. Koma, popanda kuthandizidwa mwadongosolo komanso mosasinthasintha, kufooka kwazinthu zamphamvu za thupi kumatha kuonedwa. Chifukwa chake, Somoji syndrome imatha kupha.

Insulin kwambiri mwa munthu wathanzi

Dokotala akapita kutali kwambiri ndi insulin, odwala matenda ashuga amawonetsa zina pakapita kanthawi. Ngati mukulowetsa insulin mwa munthu wathanzi, imayambitsa mawonekedwe owopsa a poizoni.

Zikakhala zotere, jakisoni wa insulin amakhala ngati poyizoni, amachepetsa msanga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ngati munthu waledzera, zikuwoneka:

1. arrhasmia,
2. kukakamizidwa
3. migraines
4. nkhanza
5. mgwirizano wolakwika
6. kumva mantha akulu
7. njala
8. ambiri ofooka.

Ngati insulin ikulowetsedwa mwa munthu wathanzi, chithandizo chinanso chikuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi madokotala okha. Anthu nthawi zina amafa chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo otere.

Mlingo wowopsa wambiri wa insulin ndi ma PIECES 100, ndiko kuti, syringe yonse ya insulin. Nthawi zina munthu amatha kupulumuka ngati mlingo woterowo umakhala wokwera maulendo 30. Chifukwa chake, ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mutha kukhala ndi nthawi yoyimbira dokotala musanakomoke.

Monga lamulo, chikomokere chimakula mkati mwa maola 3-4 ndipo zomwe zimayimira zitha kuyimitsidwa ngati shuga alowa m'magazi.

Zotsatira ndi mawonekedwe othandizira

Pochiza matenda a shuga, pamakhala chiopsezo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri. Munjira imeneyi, pofuna kupewa imfa, thandizo loyenerera lofunikira likufunika. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zoyenera kuchita nthawi yomweyo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri.

Kuti muwonjezere chakudya chamagulu ochulukirapo, muyenera kudya chofufumitsa cha mkate wa tirigu mpaka g 100. Mukapitiliza kuukira kwa mphindi 3-5 muyenera kuwonjezera shuga. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kumwa tiyi ndi supuni zochepa za shuga.

Ngati chochitikacho chitachitika, kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi sikumakhala kotakasuka, mukufunikirabe kudya ma protein munthawi yomweyo. Ngakhale kuti bongo wambiri ndi chinthu wamba, ngati inu kunyalanyaza zofunika kuchita, kuwonjezeka kwa Somoji syndrome kumachitika.

Kukula kwa matendawa kumasokoneza kwambiri mankhwalawa komanso kumadzetsa ketoacidosis yovuta kwambiri.

Pankhaniyi, mungafunike kusintha mankhwalawo ndikuyamba kumwa mankhwala amphamvu.

• matenda edema,
• Zizindikiro za meningitis,
• kutha msanga kwa matenda a dementia ndimavuto amisala.

Pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima, kuchuluka kwa insulini kungayambitse:

1. sitiroko
2. vuto la mtima
3. retinal hemorrhage.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulini ndi omwe amafunika kuyankhidwa mwachangu kuchokera kwa wodwala. Ngati ndi kotheka, muyenera kuyitanitsa gulu la ambulansi. Ngakhale kuti hypoglycemia sikuti nthawi zonse imabweretsa imfa, chikhalidwe chowopsa sichitha kuchepetsedwa.

Ngati wodwala ali ndi vuto, ndiye kuti muyenera kuletsa kudzera jakisoni kapena podya zakudya zopepuka. Zina mwazinthu zomwe mwalimbikitsa:

• ma lollipops
• chokoleti
• mikate yoyera
• zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.

• NYUMBA
• Glucometer
  • Chofufuza
    • Accu-Chek Mobile
    • Chuma Cha Accu-Chek
    • Accu-Chek Performa Nano
    • Accu-Chek Performa
    • Accu-Chek Gow
    • Accu-Chek Aviva
  • OneTouch
    • OneTouch Sankhani Zosavuta
    • OneTouch Ultra
    • OneTouch UltraEasy
    • OneTouch Select
    • OneTouch Kwambiri
  • Satellite
    • Satellite Express
    • Satellite Express Mini
    • Satellite Plus
  • Diacont
  • Optium
    • Optium omega
    • Optium x Contin
    • Freestyle papillon
  • Kutchuka IQ
    • Kutchuka LX
  • Bionime
    • Bionime gm-110
    • Bionime gm-300
    • Bionime gm-550
    • GM500 woyenera
  • Ascensia
    • Ascensia osankhika
    • Ascensia kupatsa
  • Kontur-TS
  • Ime-dc
    • Idia
  • Ichck
  • Glucocard 2
  • CleverChek
    • TD-4209
    • TD-4227
  • Laser Doc Plus
  • Mistletoe
  • Acutrend gc
    • Zowonjezera kuphatikiza
  • Cheke chokomera
    • SKS-03
    • SKS-05
  • Bluecare
  • Glucofot
    • Glucofot Suite
    • Glucophot Plus
  • B.Well
    • Wg-70
    • Wg-72
  • 77 elektronika
    • Sensocard kuphatikiza
    • Autosense
    • Sensocard
    • SensoLite Nova
    • SensoLite Nova Plus
  • Wellion calla kuwala
  • Kuyendetsa
    • Kubwezera
    • Wosankhika
  • GMate
• NTHAWI
  • Zakumwa zoledzeretsa
    • Vodka ndi cognac
  • Zosankha holide
    • Shrovetide
    • Isitala
  • Zakumwa Zofewa
    • Madzi amchere
    • Tiyi ndi Kombucha
    • Cocoa
    • Kissel
    • Compote
    • Maphawa
  • Zakudya monga chimanga, chimanga, nyemba
    • Tirigu
    • Buckwheat
    • Chimanga
    • Perlovka
    • Mapira
    • Nandolo
    • Nthambi
    • Nyemba
    • Makina
    • Muesli
    • Semolina phala
  • Zipatso
    • Ma grenade
    • Mapeyala
    • Maapulo
    • Nthochi
    • Persimmon
    • Chinanazi
    • Wopanda pake
    • Avocado
    • Mango
    • Amapichesi
    • Apricots
    • Plums
  • Mafuta
    • Flaxseed
    • Mwala
    • Zonona
    • Maolive
  • Masamba
    • Mbatata
    • Kabichi
    • Beetroot
    • Zithunzi ndi ma horseradish
    • Selari
    • Kaloti
    • Yerusalemu artichoke
    • Ginger
    • Pepper
    • Dzungu
    • Tomato
    • Selari
    • Nkhaka
    • Garlic
    • Zukini
    • Sorelo
    • Biringanya
    • Asparagus
    • Zambiri
    • Ramson
  • Zipatso
    • Kalina
    • Mphesa
    • Blueberries
    • Dogrose
    • Cranberries
    • Mavwende
    • Lingonberry
    • Nyanja yakumwa
    • Mabulosi
    • Currant
    • Cherry
    • Strawberry
    • Galu
    • Chitumbuwa chokoma
    • Phulusa laphiri
    • Strawberry
    • Rabulosi
    • Jamu
  • Zipatso za citrus
    • Pomelo
    • Ma tangerine
    • Ndimu
    • Mphesa
    • Malalanje
  • Mtedza
    • Maamondi
    • Kedari
    • Chigriki
    • Maponda
    • Hazelnuts
    • Coconut
    • Mbewu za mpendadzuwa
  • Zakudya
    • Jelly
    • Saladi
    • Zakudya zophikira
    • Zingwe
    • Casserole
    • Zakudya zoyipa
    • Okroshka ndi Botvina
  • Malo ogulitsira
    • Caviar
    • Nsomba ndi nsomba
    • Pasitala
    • Soseji
    • Soseji, masoseji
    • Chiwindi
    • Maolivi akuda
    • Bowa
    • Wokoma
    • Mchere ndi mchere
    • Gelatin
    • Msuzi
  • Zokoma
    • Mabisiketi
    • Amasunga
    • Chocolate
    • Pachino
    • Maswiti
    • Pangani
    • Glucose
    • Kuphika
    • Shuga ya nzimbe
    • Shuga
    • Zikondamoyo
    • The mtanda
    • Zakudya
    • Marmalade
    • Ayisikilimu
  • Zipatso zouma
    • Ma apricots owuma
    • Prunes
    • Nkhuyu
    • Madeti
  • Zomakoma
    • Sorbitol
    • M'malo mwa shuga
    • Stevia
    • Isomalt
    • Pangani
    • Xylitol
    • Aspartame
  • Zinthu zamkaka
    • Mkaka
    • Tchizi tchizi
    • Kefir
    • Yoghur
    • Syrniki
    • Wowawasa zonona
  • Njuchi
    • Propolis
    • Perga
    • Kuchulukitsa
    • Mungu
    • Wonenepa
  • Njira zochizira kutentha
    • Wophika pang'onopang'ono
    • Mu boiler owirikiza
    • Mu mpweya wabwino
    • Kuyanika
    • Kuphika
    • Kuyimitsa
    • Frying
    • Kukuwotcha
• MISONKHANO KU ...
  • Mwa akazi
    • Kuyabwa kwadzaoneni
    • Kuchotsa Mimba
    • Mwezi uliwonse
    • Candidiasis
    • Chimake
    • Kuchepetsa
    • Cystitis
    • Gynecology
    • Mahomoni
    • Kutulutsa
  • Mwa amuna
    • Kulephera
    • Balanoposthitis
    • Mapangidwe
    • Potency
    • Membala, Viagra
  • Mu ana
    • Mwa makanda
    • Zakudya
    • Mu achinyamata
    • Mu makanda
    • Mavuto
    • Zizindikiro, zizindikiro
    • Zifukwa
    • Zizindikiro
    • Mtundu 1
    • Mitundu iwiri
    • Kupewa
    • Chithandizo
    • Matenda a Phosphate
    • Neonatal
  • Mu pakati
    • Gawo la Kaisareya
    • Kodi ndingakhale ndi pakati?
    • Zakudya
    • Mitundu 1 ndi 2
    • Chisankho cha Chipatala cha Amayi
    • Osati shuga
    • Zizindikiro
  • Mu nyama
    • mu amphaka
    • mu agalu
    • wopanda shuga
  • Akuluakulu
    • Zakudya
  • Achikulire
• MABODZA
  • Miyendo
    • Nsapato
    • Kusisita
    • Zidendene
    • Kudzera
    • Gangrene
    • Kutupa ndi kutupa
    • Matenda a shuga
    • Zovuta, kugonjetsedwa
    • Misomali
    • Itchy
    • Kudula
    • Zingwe
    • Kusamalira miyendo
    • Matenda
  • Maso
    • Glaucoma
    • Masomphenya
    • Retinopathy
    • Zambiri
    • Madontho
    • Mphaka
  • Impso
    • Pyelonephritis
    • Nephropathy
    • Kulephera kwina
    • Nephrogenic
  • Chiwindi
  • Kapamba
    • Pancreatitis
  • Chithokomiro
  • Amitundu
• KUTHENGA
  • Zosagwirizana
    • Ayurveda
    • Acupressure
    • Kupumira pansi
    • Chithandizo cha ku Tibet
    • Mankhwala achi China
  • Chithandizo
    • Magnetotherapy
    • Mankhwala azitsamba
    • Mankhwala
    • Chithandizo cha Ozone
    • Hirudotherapy
    • Mankhwala a insulin
    • Psychotherapy
    • Kulowetsa
    • Urinotherapy
    • Physiotherapy
• Muli
• Njala
• Kuzizira wamba
• Zakudya zosaphika
• Homeopathy
• Chipatala
• Kuyika kwa Langerhans