Magazi omwe amapanga magazi ku zikondamoyo: mawonekedwe, dongosolo ndi kapangidwe

Nkhopeyi ndi gawo lochita thupi la munthu. Chifukwa chakuti ndi gawo lachitsekero chakunja ndi chamkati, gland imachita ntchito za chimbudzi ndi endocrine organ.

Mwapangidwe, minofu ya kapamba imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri. Gawo lokopa - maselo ambiri amapanga madzi a pancreatic, omwe amakhala ndi michere yam'mimba. Imapukusidwa kudzera m'miyendo ya duodenum, ndikuthandizira pakuwonongeka kwa mafuta ndi mafuta.

Gawo la endocrine lili mu mawonekedwe a mabungwe ang'onoang'ono a Langerhans, omwe amapanga mahomoni ndikuwamasula kulowa m'magazi.

Maselo omwe amapanga zisumbu za Langerhans akhoza kukhala amitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• ma alpha islets - aphatikize glucagon, amene amachititsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi,
• malo ogulitsa beta amatulutsa insulini, bwenzi la glucagon lomwe limatsitsa shuga,
• maselo a delta - aphatikize somatostatin, yomwe imayang'anira chinsinsi cha tiziwalo tambiri ta thupi,
• Zilumba za PP - zimatulutsa pancreatic polypeptide, chinthu chomwe ndicho gawo lalikulu la madzi a pancreatic,
• maselo a epsilon amatulutsa ghrelin, "mahomoni a njala" omwe amathandizira chidwi.

Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kovuta ka kapamba, pali njira zosiyanasiyana zoperekera magazi. Chiwalocho sichikhala ndi zake zokha, koma chimadya kuchokera kumitengo yayikulu ya ziwalo zina monga chiwindi, ndulu, ma mesentery.

Kupereka magazi kwa kapamba amaperekedwa ndi:

Kodi mitsempha ya kapamba imakhala bwanji?

Omwe amapezeka mu magazi ochepa ndi nthambi za mitsempha yayikulu, yomwe imakhala ndi splenic, hepatic, and high mesenteric artery. Iliyonse mwa zombo zazikulu zotere imapatsa nthambi zazing'ono zoposa khumi kuti zidyetse mbali zosiyanasiyana za nduyo.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati tikunena za mutu wa kapamba, tiyenera kudziwa kuti malo akuluakulu omwe magazi amachokera ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za m'mimba. Mutu umadyetsedwanso ndi mitsempha yapamwamba komanso yapansi ya pancreato-duodenal. Nthambi za mitsempha iyi zimapanga anastomoses pakati pawo, ndikupanga njira yolumikizana yomwe imatha kupereka zosowa zapamwamba za gawo ili la kapamba. Popeza zilumba zambiri za Langerhans zili ndendende pamutu wa gland, kupezeka kwa michere m'derali ndizotheka kwambiri.

Ponena za zomwe zimatchedwa thupi ndi mchira wa chiwalo ichi, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti kwenikweni dera lino limalandira magazi kupita ku splenic artery, yomwe imakhala ndi m'mphepete mwenimweni mwa kapamba, komanso chotupa chachikulu cha mesenteric, chomwe chimapereka magazi kuchokera pansi pa chithokomiro. Nthawi zina splenic artery imakhala ndi nthambi mu mawonekedwe a chotupa chachikulu cha zikondamoyo, zomwe zimakhazikika kuzungulira kumbuyo ndiku kumbuyo m'munsi zimagawika m'magulu a mbali zamanja kumanzere, zomwe zimapereka magazi kumchira wa pancreatic gland.

Chiwerengero cha nthambi za ma splenic ndi pancreato-duodenal artery chingakhale chosiyana. Opanga maopaleshoni ayenera kuganizira za chinthuchi mukamapanga manambala pazinthu zovuta. Mapu olimbitsa mtima amapangika pogwiritsa ntchito angiography (kusiyanitsa maphunziro amitsempha yamagazi) kuti isawononge zinthu zofunika za m'magazi pakuchita opareshoni.

Ngati tirikunena za chifukwa chomwe mitsempha ya pancreatic ikufunika, ndiye ziyenera kudziwika kuti amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Mwakutero, amayenda ndi mapangidwe a mitsempha ya pancreatic. Komanso, ngati mitsempha ya pancreatic-duodenal imayimiridwa ndi anterior ndi posterior arch, yomwe imapanga anastomosis pakati pawo. Mitsempha yambiri imakhala mchira wa gland, kuchokera komwe kutuluka kumtsempha kumachitika. Pankhaniyi, ngati pali kuphwanya kwa magazi kutuluka kwa mchira m'chigawo cha gland, necrosis ikhoza kuchitika, kapena kapamba, kutukusira kwa ma pancreatic zimakhala.

Madzi ochulukirapo obwera chifukwa cha mchira amathandizanso kutalika kwa magazi nthawi yayitali mukamayendetsa kapena kufalitsa thupi.

Pankhani imeneyi, zilizonse zomwe zingachitike pamalopo ziyenera kuchitika mosamala ndi kuwunika kwa hemostasis.

Dongosolo la kapamba

Pancreas ili ndi dongosolo lovuta kwambiri la mapangidwe am'mimba, omwe, pomwepo, amatha kugawidwa mu intraorgan ndi extraorgan.

Dongosolo la intraorgan limayimiriridwa ndi ma capillaries ambiri omwe amapanga mgwirizano wa anastomoses pakati pawo.

Pulogalamu yoyambira ya capillaries ili mkati mwa malire amodzi a gland. Lymph imayenda kuchokera pansi penipeni pa chiwalo pafupi ndi malo ake polumikizirana.

M'malo otambalala, mipata iyi imakhala yosonkhanitsa yomwe ili ndi zipinda ndi malo osungiramo thumba lomwe lymph imatumizidwa kumadera a lymph nodes.

Dongosolo la extraorgan - kachitidwe komwe kamapereka ma lymph kutuluka kwa zigawo za lymph zosiyanasiyana za anatomical osiyanasiyana:

• dera chiwindi
• wamkulu mesenteric,
• ndulu.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali tchuthi cha ma lymph node omwe amayenda motsatira kapamba wam'munsi.

Malinga ndi chiwembuchi, zikuwoneka kuti kutuluka kwa zamimba m'mimba kumachitika m'njira zinayi:

1. Ufika m'misewu ya m'mimba,
2. Amatsikira kumtunda wapamwamba wa ma mesentery ndi ma pancreas apansi,
3. Kumanja kwa phazi lam'mimba,
4. Kumanzere kupita m'matumbo amitsempha.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kufalikira kwa zotumphukira m'mbali iyi ya thupi:

• chifukwa chapafupi ndi pancreatic gland, mabiliary pamimba ndi m'mimba, komanso magazi ambiri omwe amapezeka ku ziwalo izi, minofu ya pancreatic nthawi zambiri imakhala yotupa.
• kuyenda kwa kutupa kumathandizidwa ndi intaneti ya lymphatic yomwe imasunthira matendawa kuthamanga kwa mphezi,
• resorption wa poizoni ndi metabolic zinthu mu portal mtsempha.

Zotsatira zake, ndi kapangidwe ka kapamba, onse oyamba ndi owoneka sekondale (chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zina zam'mimba), kuledzera kwakukulu kumawonedwa, komanso kukulitsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zina. Popeza kapamba amapanga ma enzymes, amakhalanso ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukwiya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwopsezo zisokoneze ziwalo kuphatikizapo mapapu ndi ubongo.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuganizira za kuchuluka kwa magazi ochulukirapo kwa kapamba ndi njira ya lymphatic yolumikizira chithandizo cha kapamba.

Timeliness ndi radicalism, mwachidule, ndizo mfundo zoyambira bwino za matendawa.

Zizindikiro ndi matenda a mtima wam'mapapo

The Symbomatology matenda a mtima dongosolo zimatengera dera kuwonongeka kwa mtima dongosolo.

Kuphatikiza apo, Zizindikiro za zovuta zimatengera kuchuluka kwa chitukuko cha matenda a moyo komanso kutalika kwa chitukuko chake.

Zizindikiro zosokoneza zingakhale kupweteka m'chiuno, komwe kumatha kuperekera kumapewa, phewa komanso kusanza, kufooka, adynamia, komanso kulemera pamimba mutatha kudya.

Kuzindikira matenda amitsempha yama kapamba, ma labotale ndi njira zofufuzira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Njira zantchito:

• magazi ndi mkodzo alpha-amylase,
• kusanthula kwa fecal diastasis.

Njira zoyeserera ndi zida ndi:

1. Kuyesa kwa Ultrasound kwa kapamba (mawonekedwe a kapangidwe kake ndi mkhalidwe wa kapangidwe kake),
2. Ultrasound dopplerografia (chikhalidwe cha ziwiya kapamba),
3. Kuphatikizidwa kwamatumbo a ziwalo zam'mimba ndi kapena mosiyana.

Makina osavuta a matenda azidziwitsa za kupezeka kwa chida cham'mimba ndikupewa zovuta komanso kukulira kwa matendawa.

Kapangidwe ndi kagwiridwe kake kofotokozedwera kanema mu nkhaniyi.

Kupereka magazi kwa kapamba. Ma Anatomy ndi Zambiri

Musanalingalire zotengera zazikulu, ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino kapangidwe kazinthuzo. Zikondwererozo zimakhala kumbuyo kwa m'mimba, mwachindunji pamtunda wa dzuwa. Amakhala ndi mutu, thupi ndi mchira. Mwa njira, gland ndi yachiwiri kukula kwambiri m'thupi ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe. Mchira wa chiwalo umagundana ndi ndulu, ndipo mutu umagona m'chiuno cha duodenum.

Maselo apadera a gland iyi amapanga michere, makamaka ya trypsin, lipase, lactase, yomwe imapatsa chimbudzi cha protein, carbohydrate ndi mamolekyulu amafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, mahomoni ofunikira amapangidwa m'thupi lathupi, makamaka insulin ndi glucagon.

Magazi ochepa

Takambirana kale ndi kapangidwe kake ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka thupi. Kodi magazi amapezeka bwanji ku kapamba?

M'malo mwake, thupi mulibe ziwiya zake. Mwazi umaperekedwa kwa minyewa kudzera munthambi za splenic, hepatic and high mesenteric mtsempha. Chakudya chamutu wam'mimba chimaperekedwa ndi ma mesenteric ndi hepatic artery apamwamba kwambiri, omwe amachokera ku ziwiya zapansi komanso zapamwamba za pancreatoduodenal.

Nawonso, mitsempha ya pancreatoduodenal imalumikiza mitsempha ya magazi mu arc, yomwe imapereka magazi mozungulira.

Gastro duodenal mtsempha: mawonekedwe ammagazi

Anthu ena amakonda mafunso okhudza momwe magazi amaperekera m'mimba ndi kapamba amaperekedwa. Mitsempha ya gastro-duodenal, yomwe imachokera kumtsempha wamagulu a impso, imagwiranso ntchito pano. Chotengera ichi, monga lamulo, chimafikira kutalika kwa 20-40 mm, ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi 2.5-5.0 mm.

Chombo ichi chili kuseri kwa gawo la m'mimba lomwe limayendetsa machitidwe a chakudya. Komanso, chotengera chimadutsa zigawo zoyambirira za matumbo. Amayambitsa gawo la magazi m'mapamba ndi duodenum, m'mimba, komanso kuzungulira zimakhala.

Mwa njira, njira iliyonse ya opaleshoni yomwe ingachitike pancreas (mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa kwa mutu) kumatha kuyambitsa kusamuka, kusayenda bwino kwamitsempha yamagetsi komanso kuyambitsa kwina kwa chotengera ichi.

Kuphulika kwaphokoso

Zida za venous siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa poganiza za magazi. Zikondwererozi zimakhala ndi malo ochezera kwambiri. Kutuluka kwa magazi kumachitidwanso ndi unyinji wa ziwiya zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimalumikizana munthambi zingapo ndipo pamapeto pake zimayenda m'mitsempha yama portal.

Kuchokera pamutu wamatumbo, njira yopakidwa ndi mbedza komanso duodenum, magazi amatengedwa kudzera m'mitsempha yomwe imayenderana ndi mitsempha ya pancreas-duodenal. Omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri ndi mitsempha ya pancreatic-duodenal, yomwe ndi imodzi, mitengo ikuluikulu iwiri yomwe imaphatikizidwa mu mitsempha yayikulu ya mesenteric. Kuphatikiza apo, magazi ochokera kumutu kwa chindayo ndi mbali za duodenum amasonkhanitsidwa mumitsempha yakumaso ya gastro-omental.

Ponena za mchira ndi thupi la chithokomiro, kutuluka kwa magazi pankhaniyi kumachitika kudzera mu nthambi za m'mimba. Mwazi umaphatikizidwanso ndi mtsempha wawukulu wotsika kwambiri, womwe umatsikira mu mitsempha yotsika kwambiri kapena yapamwamba.

Zida zapamimba za kapamba

Mukamaganizira za kupezeka kwa magazi kwa kapamba, munthu sayenera kuyiwala za kayendedwe ka madzi am'mimba, chifukwa madzi amtunduwu ndi osafunanso.

Zida za Lymphatic zomwe zimasonkhanitsa mwankhanza kuchokera ku kapamba zimalumikizana mosiyanasiyana ndi dongosolo la ziwalo zotsala. Ma capillaries ang'onoang'ono amatenga madzimadzi kuchokera kuzilumba za Langerhans ndi acini, kenako amaphatikizana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono omwe amayenderana ndi mitsempha ya magazi.

Pambuyo pake, zam'madzi zimayenda mu ma pancreatic ndi pancreatoduodenal lymph nodes, omwe amafalikira pafupi m'mphepete kumtunda kwa kapamba, komanso kutsogolo kwake ndi kumbuyo kwake. Kuphatikiza apo, madzimadziwo amatenga mbali zazikuluzikulu za splenic ndi celiac lymph node (iwo ndi amsonkhanowu wachiwiri).

Pancreatic innervation

Kubisika (kapena m'malo mwake, malamulo amanjenje) a kapamba amaperekedwa ndi nthambi za vagus nerve. Kuphatikiza apo, mitsempha yachifundo ya solar plexus (makamaka, celiac) imachita pazinthu za chiwalo.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mitsempha yachifundo imayendetsa kamvekedwe ka makoma a venous, kudzera momwe kutuluka kwa magazi kuchokera ku gland kumachitika. Nthawi yomweyo, ulusi wamitsempha ya parasympathetic umathandizira pakupanga ndi kubisala kwa michere ya m'mimba.

Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yomwe tatchulayi kumapangitsa kuti matenda a hemodynamic ndi neurovegetative apangidwe. Komanso, ndikuvulala, zovuta zamagalimoto otuluka mumimba zimayang'aniridwa.

Zochita zachinsinsi zamagulu ndi mitsempha yake

Anthu ambiri amakonda mafunso okhudza momwe kapamba amagwirira ntchito. Kupereka magazi ndi malo okhala ndi zinthu zofunika kuziganizira.

Monga tanena kale, ntchito ya chiwalo imayendetsedwa ndi ulusi wamitsempha ya vagus. Mitsempha yam'mapazi imatulutsa minyewa yopanga ndi kutulutsa michere.

Mitsempha yachifundoyo imachita mosiyanasiyana. Kukhumudwitsa kwakanthawi kwa mitsempha ya celiac kumayambitsa kuyimitsidwa mwachinsinsi kwa madzi a pancreatic. Komabe, kukondoweza kwa nthawi yayitali kumayendera limodzi ndi kupanga kwachulukidwe ka michere.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ngakhale ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yomwe tafotokozayi, kudzitchinjiriza kwa kapamba sikuma, popeza kumathandizidwa ndi njira zoyendetsera anthu zoyipa.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi zovuta kuzungulira kwa kapamba

Mowa umasokoneza ntchito ya chamoyo chonse, makamaka kapamba. Chowonadi ndi chakuti zakumwa zoledzeretsa zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa ziwiya zazing'onoting'ono za chiwalo. Motere, minofu ya gland simalandila michere ndi mpweya wabwino womwe umafunikira. Pazovuta zakumwa zoledzeretsa, maselo amayamba kufa, omwe amawopseza kwambiri necrosis.

Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti mchere ukhale munsi mwa chiwalocho, chomwe chimakhudzanso ntchito yonyansa. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mwa akazi, njira zotere zimachitika mwachangu kuposa abambo.

Matenda owenderera mu minyewa ya minyewa: zimayambitsa, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Kufalikira kwamkati ndi koopsa. Kapamba amadya mpweya wambiri ndi michere yomwe amafunikira momwe amapangira zinthu.

Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri sizodziimira payekha. Nthawi zambiri, mavuto am'magazi amayanjana ndi matenda ena, makamaka atherosulinosis ndi kulephera kwa mtima. Izi matendawa zimayambitsa kuphwanya kwa venous yotuluka kuchokera mu minofu ya England.

Ndikofunika kudziwa nthawi yomweyo kuti kudziwa matendawa si kophweka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chithunzithunzi cha chipatala ndi chosadetseka, momwe zimayambira matenda oyamba. Kuphwanya kwa venous kutuluka kumakhudza ntchito ya kapamba - imatupa ndikukula kukula, koma kaphatikizidwe ka ma enzymes ndi mahomoni amalephera.

Kuperewera kwa michere kumakhudza chimbudzi. Odwala ena amati zimachitika dyspepsia.Pali ululu wam'mimba, kulemera m'mimba, kugwedezeka, kutulutsa magazi, kuchuluka kwa mpweya, komwe nthawi zambiri kumayendera limodzi ndi kupweteka kwambiri.

Dziwani kuyanʻanila kwa kutuluka kwa magazi mu tiziwalo ta kapamba mothandizidwa ndi mayeso. Mwachitsanzo, poyerekeza ndi maziko amomwe timakumana nawo, zochitika za trypsin ndi amylase mu seramu yamagazi zimawonjezeka. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito za amylase mu zitsanzo zamkodzo zimakulitsidwa pang'ono.

Ultrasound imaphunzitsanso, popeza munthawi ya dokotala amatha kudziwa edema komanso kusintha kwa kapamba. Mu kafukufuku wa labotale, mutha kudziwa kukhalapo kwa zinthu zochulukirapo, zomwe zimatha thupi lonse munthawi yovunda.

Popanda chithandizo, komanso ngati pali vuto lalikulu la mitsempha yotupa, matenda a shuga amatha (thupi limaleka kuphatikizira insulin yomwe imafunikira ndi thupi).

Palibe chithandizo chamankhwala pamenepa, chifukwa choyamba muyenera kuthetsa matenda oyambitsidwa. Komabe, odwala amathandizidwa kuti azikhala ndi zakudya zapadera ndipo amalimbikitsa zakudya zowonjezera (nthawi zambiri, koma m'malo ochepa). Pamaso pa zovuta zam'mimba, odwala amatenga mankhwala omwe ali ndi michere ya pancreatic.

Kodi magazi amapezeka bwanji ku kapamba?

Funso losavuta ndilopanda pake: bwanji munthu amafunikira magazi?

Inde, yankho lodziwikiratu ndikuti magazi amafunikira kuti thupi likhale ndi moyo. Komabe, sizoyenera kupita kunkhalango yabwino, ngati mungafunse, kodi zimachitika bwanji? Ndikokwanira kukumbukira "tsoka" la mutu wa Pulofesa Dowell pomwe adatenga njira yamoyo.

Tiyeni tilingalire kwakanthawi ndikuzindikira kuti thupi ndiye korona wakulenga kwa Mlengi wanzeru ndi dongosolo lina lodziyang'anira lokha. Kugwira kwake ntchito moyenera kumapereka kukana pazinthu zakunja.

Ndi magazi pakuyenda kwawo kosalekeza komwe kumapereka ziwalo zonse zofunika m'thupi ndi mpweya wokhudzidwa ndi njira ya metabolic.

Kufunika ndi zovuta za kufalikira kwa magazi kwa kapamba ndizofanana ndi ntchito zapadera zomwe adapatsidwa.

Mitsempha yachi pancreatic

Aliyense amene mwanjira zambiri waphunzira mawonekedwe a thupi ndi ziwalo zamkati mwa munthu sangalephere kuzindikira zina zake. Amakhala ndi gawo loti chiwalo chogwiritsidwa ntchito ziwiri zomwe nthawi yomweyo chimagwira ntchito zogaya ndi endocrine, chomwe ndi kapamba, chiribe ziwongo zake.

Kenako funso loyenera limabuka: ndani ndipo akuwonetsetsa kuti nthawi yofunikira kwambiriyo ndiyotani?

Chowonadi ndi chakuti, molingana ndi lingaliro lachilengedwe, tiziwalo timene timatulutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotulutsa magazi tili ndi njira yawoyawo yoperekera magazi ndi kapangidwe kake kapadera.

Chithunzi cha kapangidwe ka kapamba

Kuchokera ku msempha, mmimba mwake, thunthu la celiac limachoka. Zomwe zimagawidwanso kukhala ziwiya zomwe zimapereka kapangidwe kake ka kapamba ndi magazi.

Pogwira ntchito yonse ya kapamba, pali network yayitali, yopangidwa ndi mitsempha ya "caliber" yaying'ono ndi arterioles, ngakhale zingwe zazing'ono zomwe zimatsogolera ma capillaries.

Njira zosiyanasiyana zoperekera magazi ndi mitsempha ingapo nthawi imodzi:

1. Mitsempha yapamwamba ya pancreatoduodenal, komanso nthambi za m'mimba za gastroduodenal. Zikuyimira kuchuluka kwa mtsempha wama hepatic. Ntchito yawo imaphatikizapo "kupatsa magazi" kwa mutu wama pancreatic kuchokera kumbali yakutsogolo kwake.
2. Otsitsa pancreatoduodenal mtsempha wamagazi. Kutenga kuchokera ku mesenteric artery yapamwamba, imapereka magazi mpaka kumbuyo kwa mutu wa pancreatic.
3. Msempha wamafinya. Kudyetsa magazi mthupi ndi mchira wa gland kumapangitsa kuti zizigwira ntchito bwino.

Mitsempha yapamwamba komanso yotsika ya pancreatoduodenal imapanganso mwa iwookha mapangidwe apadera (olowa) - awa ndi mitsempha yakunja ndi yapambuyo pancreatic-duodenal. Kutulutsa kozungulira kwakumapeto kumaphatikizapo chotupa ndi cham'mimba cham'mimba. Amachokera ku hepatic artery.

Ndibwino kuti mukumva magazi kuchokera kumitsempha.

Kupitilira mu mitsempha, magazi amayenda limodzi ndi ma arterioles ndi ma capillaries, ndikutseguka mu kapamba kalikonse, ndikudzaza zimakhala ndi michere ndi mpweya. Apa, malinga ndi kapangidwe kake kamene kamapangidwa, mahomoni amalowa m'mitsempha yamagazi kuchokera kuzisumbu za pancreatic.

Njira yoperekera magazi ku ziwalo za chapansipansi pamimba pamutu wa kanema:

Kutulutsa kwamitsempha yamagazi

Chifukwa cha malo apadera omwe magazi amapereka kwa kapamba, kumachitika kwa zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana komanso ma pathologies sikuchitika pafupipafupi. Komabe, kupezeka kwawo ndikokondweretsa kwambiri kwa madokotala a opaleshoni.

Imodzi mwazosowa komanso zowopsa zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka kwamitsempha ndikuchoka kumanzere kwa chiwindi kuchokera ku gastro-duodenal mtsempha. Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani ndizowopsa kwa anthu?

Ngakhale wodwalayo safuna kuchitidwa opaleshoni yomwe amachotsa pancreatoduodenal (chithandizo chokhacho chomwe chimapezeka chifukwa cha khansa ya mutu wa kapamba, gawo loyambirira la bile duct, komanso nippleum ya duodenum), anomaly uyu samamuopa. Komabe, ngati vutoli lidakhudzabe wodwalayo, kuthetsa vuto silinali ntchito yophweka.

M'mabuku ena, mutha kupeza kuti mankhwala apeza yankho la funso ili. Mwachitsanzo, mwa kugunda kwamitsempha yamagazi yama hepatic yoyenera, yomwe idachitidwa mpaka kulowerera kwa gastro-duodenal.

Mabuku ena nawonso ali ndi zambiri zofananira. Panalinso vuto lachilendo kwambiri pamene chotupa chachikulu cha magazi cha hepatic chidagawika maulendo anayi: lamanzere lamanzere lamanzere, gastro-duodenal, komanso gastric artery. Zochitika zoterezi zimakhala zowopsa ngati pakuwonongeka, makamaka kuwonongedwa - chotupa chilichonse chotupa.

Kutuluka kwa magazi kuchokera ku kapamba

Monga mukudziwira, chiwalo chilichonse chomwe chimalemedwa ndi ziwiya zamadzimadzi chimakhalanso ndi mitsempha yomwe imapanga kutulutsa kwa magazi kudzera mkati mwake.

Kuphulika kwa venous mu kapamba kumachitika kudzera m'mitsempha ya pancreatoduodenal, yomwe imalowa mkati mwa splenic, komanso m'munsi komanso apamwamba a mesenteric, ndikusiya mitsempha yamatumbo.

Pamodzi, izi zimapanga mtsempha wawukulu umodzi - chotupa cha portal, chomwe kenako chimalowa m'chiwindi.

Njira yoperekera magazi

Kutengera ndi chiwembu chomwe chikuwonetsa dongosolo la kuzungulira kwa kapamba, zitha kudziwika kuti mitsempha yambiri imakhala mchira.

Magazi ankhondo ochokera ku ziwiya zotere amayenera kulowa m'magazi ogwiritsira ntchito chotupa.
Palinso zochitika ngati zotuluka za kapamba zimatha kudutsa ziwiya zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa.

Ma pathologies ndi matenda oterewa ndi owopsa, chifukwa amatha kupanga zonse ziwiri za mchira wa necosis komanso kapamba.

Kuphatikiza apo, chizolowezi choyipa ngati kumwa mowa chimatha kubweretsa gawo lowopsa la magazi kupita ku kapamba.

Chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika?
Izi ndichifukwa choti ngozi yayikulu ponse ponse, "chida chothandizira kuchotsera mavuto onse," imatha kupha ma cell a pancreatic.

Mowa umakhudza mwachindunji kupendekera kwa zing'onozing'ono, zomwe, chifukwa cha izi, sizingabweretse michere m'maselo. Pa chifukwa ichi, maselo amafa ndi njala chifukwa chosowa michere ndipo amafa.

Kuphatikiza apo, mowa womwe umamwetsedwa kwambiri umatha kuyambitsa mchere m'misempha ya kapamba. Zinthu ndizosasangalatsa kwambiri kwa azimayi omwe amamwa mowa, chifukwa njira zosasangalatsa zonsezi mwa iwo zimayamba msanga kuposa amuna.

Zovuta zam'madzi komanso ntchito zachinsinsi

Udindo wazomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mitsempha pakupanga chinsinsi cha pancreatic ndiwofunika. Pakukweza ulusi wamanjenje ndipo munthu akagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina, timagawo tating'onoting'ono timasungunuka ndipo masamba awo amamasulidwa. Poterepa, madzi a gland amadzaza ndi ma enzyme, motero amawagawa bwino.

Zisonyezero zachifundo zimakhala ndi makina osiyana. Ndikukhumudwitsa mitsempha ya celiac kwakanthawi kochepa, kuletsa kwazinsinsi kumawonedwa. Kukondoweza kwanthawi yayitali kumabweretsa zotsatira zofananazo ndikamalimbikitsa ulusi wamkati wa vagus.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, kugawanika kwa mitundu iwiriyi ya mitsempha sikusokoneza kupanga kwa michere.

Izi ndichifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa makina a neurohumoral, gawo lofunikira lomwe ndi secretin. Secretin ndi mahomoni enaake omwe amapangidwa ndi mucous membrane wa duodenum.

Gastro duodenal mtsempha: mawonekedwe ammagazi

Anthu ena amakonda mafunso okhudza momwe magazi amaperekera m'mimba ndi kapamba amaperekedwa. Msempha wam'mimba wam'matumbo, womwe umachokera ku chithokomiro cha impso, umagwira ntchito yofunika pano. Chotengera ichi, monga lamulo, chimafikira kutalika kwa 20 mpaka 40 mm, ndipo mulifupi wake ndi 2.5 5.0 mm.

Chombo ichi chili kuseri kwa gawo la m'mimba lomwe limayendetsa machitidwe a chakudya. Komanso, chotengera chimadutsa zigawo zoyambirira za matumbo. Amayambitsa gawo la magazi m'mapamba ndi duodenum, m'mimba, komanso kuzungulira zimakhala.

Mwa njira, njira iliyonse ya opaleshoni yomwe ingachitike pancreas (mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa kwa mutu) kumatha kuyambitsa kusamuka, kusayenda bwino kwamitsempha yamagetsi komanso kuyambitsa kwina kwa chotengera ichi.

Kupereka magazi

Chiwalo chamkati chilibe zotengera zanyumba. Njira yoperekera magazi mwachindunji imagwiridwa pogwiritsa ntchito nthambi za chiwindi ndi ziwiya za splenic. Zonunkhira zonse zimalowetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ziwiya za m'mimba ndi zonyamulira kufikira zotuluka. Chochita chachikulu cha thupi chimatchedwa pancreatic. Amatuluka m'mutu wa kutulutsa tizi. Panthawi yochoka, kusakanikirana ndi ndulu kumachitika.

Zombo zambiri zazing'ono ndi zazikulu zimadziphatika mwachindunji kumutu wa kapamba. The hepatic aorta imathandiza kusungabe magazi a munthu.

Anthu osiyanasiyana ali ndi nthambi zingapo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimayendetsa magazi kuzungulira. Nthambi zitatu zokha zimabweretsa mchira wa mkati. Kuchuluka kwawo ndi nthambi 6. Ndi gawo limodzi la thunthu lamphamvu lonyamula. Chifukwa cha izi, chiwalocho chimapangidwa mphamvu popanda zosokoneza.

Zitsukazo zimadutsa ndulu yonse. Nthambi zambiri zimalowa.

Pakatikati mwa malo omwe atulutsidwako ndi ma milimita atatu. Mitsempha yama splenic imapereka magazi m'magawo awiri a ndulu: mchira ndi thupi.

Kutuluka kwa zamimba kuchokera mthupi kumapangidwa mosiyanasiyana. Mwazi umasamutsidwira ku kapamba pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo ya mitsempha.

Zinthu zikuluzikulu zamagazi ndi mitsempha yayikulu. Iliyonse yamitsempha iyi imakhala ndi nthambi zazing'ono zochepa, chifukwa magawo onse a gland amalandila chakudya chofunikira.

Msempha wamafinya

Msempha wam'mimba umatsogolera mitsempha yambiri m'malo obowoleza ndulu. Ndipamene magazi amatuluka kuchokera mkati. Ambiri aorta amapezeka mchira wa kapamba. Zikachitika kuti magazi a venous amachotsedwa kuchokera ku ziwalo kudzera m'matumbo, izi zimapangitsa kukula kwa mchira necrosis. Pankhaniyi, kapamba amachitika.

Mimba yam'mimba

Chombocho chimakhala kuseri kwenikweni kwa dipatimenti, chomwe chimayang'anira kudya kwam'mimba. M'magawo oyambira, amadutsa matumbo.

Kutalika kwa mitsempha kumakhala mulingo kuchokera 25 mpaka 40 mamilimita, mainchesi awo ndi 5 mamilimita. Kusintha kwathanzi nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi malo ake mu peritoneum.

Kuwonongeka kwa zotengera izi kumalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zachilendo pakadutsa mitsempha pakati pawo. Pofuna kuthana ndi ngozi yomwe ikubwera, amagwirana ndi chifuwa cha chiwindi chomwe chili kumanja.

Polankhula za gawo la mitsempha ya pancreatic, ndikofunikira kuzindikira ntchito zawo zambiri. Makamaka, chifukwa cha mtsempha uwu, njira yam'madzi ya gland imatsata.

Malingana ngati wodwala safunikira kuchitapo kanthu, opaleshoni yokhala ndi vuto silikhala ndi vuto lalikulu.

Pali nthawi zina pamene mitsempha ya chiwindi imalowa mu mesenteric artery, yomwe ili kumtunda. Ali pamalo oyenera, iyenera kukhala gawo la nthambi ya thunthu la celiac. Poterepa, pamavuto akulu mthupi.

Ndikofunikira. Mitsempha ya pancreatodoudenal imatulutsa kutuluka kwa magazi komwe kumalowa mu gland. Amatulutsa magazi ku chiwindi.

Kuzindikira matenda

Pa isanayambike matenda a mtima kapamba, pali zotsatirazi:

• lunda ulimbe m'chiuno chakumanzere
• nseru kwambiri ndi kusanza kosalekeza,
• kufooka kwa thupi
• kumva kuwawa mutatha kudya.

Ndikofunikira. Kuwongolera kwakukulu pazizindikiro zamatenda kumakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa matenda omwe alipo komanso nthawi yomwe amakula.

Kuti mudziwe matenda am'magazi, onaninso mayeso a labotale. Amakhala chidziwitso chodziwikiratu chodziwikitsa matenda am'thupi. Njira zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi:

• magazi alpha amylase
• kusanthula ndowe kwa diastasis.

Computer tomography ndi ultrasound imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida.

Kuti muchiritsidwe, ndikofunikira kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito njira zochizira munthawi yake.

Kukhalapo kwa pancreatitis yosatha kumabweretsa kusintha kwa mkhalidwe wa shuga m'magazi. Izi ndizofanana kwambiri kwa odwala omwe amadwala matenda ambiri.

Kukula kwa shuga m'magazi kumabweretsa kufa kwa maselo 7 mwa 10 a gland.

Pachigawo choyambirira, munthu samawonetsa mwanjira zilizonse, koma mtsogolo, chitukuko chotsatira, pamakhala ludzu losalekeza, kuyabwa pakhungu lonse komanso kutuluka kwa mkodzo kwakukulu. Zizindikiro izi zitha kukhala zoyeserera poyesa shuga. Chifukwa cha izi, matenda a shuga amapezeka kale.

Zotsatira zakumwa zochotsa magazi

Ngati mumamwa mowa wambiri, izi zimabweretsa ngozi. Nthawi zambiri pamachitika zinthu ngati izi.

Zotsatira zoyipa za kumwa mowa zimayenderana ndi ntchito ya ziwiya zing'onozing'ono zama glandular. Mothandizidwa ndi mowa, kupendekera kwamitsempha kumachitika, chifukwa cha izi salola zinthu momwe mumakhala mavitamini othandiza maselo opatsa thanzi. Kuperewera kwa zakudya kumabweretsa kufa kwa maselo.

Ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa kwa nthawi yayitali, zimachitika zinthu zina zikafa. Zomwe zimachitika ndizothekanso kuphatikizika kwa mchere mumchira wa kapamba.

Komanso mwa amayi, izi zimachitika mwachangu kwambiri kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndi akazi.

Kuzindikira kwa njirayi, monga lamulo, kumachitika kumapeto, chifukwa chake, njira yothandizira mankhwalawa ndiyovuta kwambiri.

Kusamala pakumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa kudzakhala njira yodziwikiratu yogwiritsira ntchito kuzungulira kwa ziphuphu.