58) Makina owonongeka a mtima mu shuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ochitika pang'onopang'ono, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa insulini m'thupi) kapena kuchepa kwa insulini (ntchito ya insulin receptors imalephera), nthawi zambiri imachokera ku majini a metabolic, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a metabolic ndi lipid), polyhypovitaminosis, immunodeficiency, kukula kwa macro- ndi micangiopathies, neuropathy, dystrophic kusintha mkati mwa ziwalo zamkati, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa kuchepa kwa thupi, kulumala ndi mpunga kwa kufa msanga. Matenda a shuga ndi osiyanasiyana ndipo amachitika, kuphatikiza ana.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga a mtima

Ngati muli ndi mavuto a mtima omwe amadza chifukwa cha matenda ashuga, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingachitike:

• Masomphenya opanda pake
• Ntchentche zakuuluka pamaso panga
• Kutupa kwa nkhope ndi miyendo,
• Mkodzo wa thovu komanso wopanda mitambo
• Kapangidwe ka zilonda pakhungu la m'munsi,
• Kuwonongeka kwamalingaliro ndi mikono ndi miyendo,
• Zowawa zam'm miyendo mukamayendayenda (
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Zowawa pachifuwa.

Zimayambitsa matenda ashuga

Ngati mukudwala matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti kuwonongeka kwa matendawa ndi kwakukulu. Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi minyewa yowonongeka imayamba ndikutalika kwa matendawo. Kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso kusuta, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso zolakwika zazakudya (kudya zakudya zamafuta kwambiri komanso zopatsa mphamvu zamagetsi) kumapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga chiwonjezeke.

Njira yodwala matenda ashuga a mtima

Ndi kusintha kwa moyo, thanzi limatha kusintha. Njira zoyenera kusintha moyo wamankhwala otupa mu shuga mellitus wa mtundu woyamba kapena wachiwiri ndi motere:

Popewa zilonda, miyendo imayenera kuyesedwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Ngati muli ndi vuto louma khungu, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta okhala ndi lanolin. Nthawi zonse khalani osamala ndikuteteza mapazi anu kuti asawonongeke. Muyenera kutsatira zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga, kumwa mankhwala pafupipafupi malinga ndi dongosolo lomwe dokotala wakupatsani, ndikuyang'anira shuga yanu yamagazi. Kumbukirani kuti kuchulukitsa kwake kumatha kukhala poyipa poyambitsa matenda a Buerger.

Kuzindikira kuwonongeka kwa mtima mu shuga

Choyamba, adokotala akukufunsani mafunso angapo okhudza thanzi lanu, madandaulo, mbiri ya matendawa komanso zizindikiro. Kenako dotolo amamuyeza. Nkhani zofunika ndizakusuta komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi. Komanso, adotolo afunika kufotokozeranso kuti zimachitika kangati zomwe zimakusowetsani mtendere, komanso kutanthauzira kwawo ndikutani.

Kuti mutsimikizire matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwa shuga ya magazi kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi dongosolo linalake masana malinga ndi endocrinologist.

Ngati pali kukayikira kwa matenda aimpso, mkodzo amayenera kuvomerezedwa. Kuwonongeka kwa impso kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kutsimikiza kwa mkodzo wambiri wa mapuloteni otchedwa albumin. Nthawi zina, impso ingafunike kuti ipange matenda osiyanasiyana, komanso kudziwa kuopsa kwa vuto laimpso.

Dziwani za matenda ashuga a retinopathy (kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya za retina) okhawo omwe amatha kupangika pa ophthalmoscopy kapena fluorescence angiogram. Pa ophthalmoscopy, ziwiya zamafuta obiriwira zimawunikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ophthalmoscope - chida chapadera. Ndipo popanga fluorescence angiography, fluorescein imayambitsidwa ndipo chithunzi chimatengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kamera yapadera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso angapo, ntchito ndi kapangidwe ka zotengera zokhala m'munsi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda a shuga, zimatsimikizika. Makonzedwe a maphunziro ndi awa: kuyesa kozama ndi kuchita zolimbitsa thupi, kutsimikiza kwa chidendene cha brachial index ndikuwunikanso mayeso amitsempha yamagazi. Kuti muwone momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito, electrocardiogram imatengedwa ndikuyesera kupsinjika kumachitika, pomwe mumathamanga ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono pamtunda wamtunda kapena kukwera njinga, pomwe electrocardiogram imasungidwa nthawi zonse. Kuyeza kumeneku kumathandiza kudziwa kusokonezeka kwa minofu ya mtima (ischemic zone).

Kuti mudziwe cholumikizira cha ankolo, magazi am'miyendo ndi phewa amayeza, kenako ndikufanizira miyendo yonse. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumiyendo yonse, ndi mikono ndi miyendo ziyenera kukhala zofanana. Koma ngati chiwopsezo cha miyendo chiri chambiri kapena chochulukirapo kuposa m'manja, ndiye kuti kumapeto kwake kumafotokoza za kuwonongeka kwakukulu m'mitsempha yam'munsi.

Duplex ultrasound imalola kugwiritsa ntchito mafunde omveka kuti athe kuyang'ana osati kapangidwe kake, komanso kayendedwe ka magazi m'mitsempha.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumapangidwanso kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, lipids ena ndi shuga wamagazi.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga a mtima

• Zakudya ndi mankhwala kukonzekera. Pofuna kusungitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pochotsa zovuta za matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi milingo ya magazi kuyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi zakudya zina komanso kukonzekera kwa pharmacological, komwe ndi gawo lofunikira pakulimbana kwachulukidwe ka zotupa za mtima mu shuga. Zakudya zoyenera zidzakuthandizani kusankha dokotala. Magazi omwe amachepetsa magazi kapena insulin ingathandize kuthana ndi shuga. Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo amavomerezedwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito mu matenda osokoneza bongo ndi angiotensin-kutembenuza ma enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium block blockers ndi diuretics. Pansi magazi cholesterol ma statins. Pofuna kupewa magazi, mutha kupatsidwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa maselo othandana komanso othandizira, monga aspirin kapena plavix.
• Chithandizo cha retinopathy. Ngati muli ndi retinopathy, ndiye kuti mutha kulangizidwa kuti muchite opareshoni ndi laser. Pa nthawi ya opaleshoni iyi, zotengera zam'mimba zomwe zimapanga matenda a shuga komanso zimathandizira kuti ziwoneke zowoneka zimayatsidwa ndi mtengo wa laser.
• Chithandizo cha zotumphukira ochepa matenda a m'munsi malekezero. Ndi mapangidwe zilonda pakhungu la m'munsi malekezero ndi matenda a zotumphukira miyendo, opaleshoni zilonda zam'mimba zimachitika ndipo maantibayotiki anakhazikitsidwa kuti ateteze matenda ndikupanga zilonda zatsopano. Akalandira chithandizo mosayembekezereka, zilonda zake zimayamba kukula, kuyamba kudwala, kupweteka kwambiri minofu imayamba ndi kumeta kwa miyendo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mwendo udulidwe. Kubwezeretsanso magazi m'mitsempha yam'munsi ndikupewa kudula, angioplasty ndi stenting, endarterectomy kapena opaleshoni yodutsa. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ndi dokotala wokha yemwe angachititse opaleshoni ya mtima kuti ndi omwe angadziwe njira yoyenera yolangira.

59) Mfundo zachikhalidwe zochizira matenda ashuga.

Popeza kuti maziko a shuga ndi a metabolic

chiwonongeko cha chakudya, mapuloteni, metabolism yamafuta, chofunikira kwambiri mkati

Pakati pa mitundu yonse ya shuga, zakudya zimaperekedwa. Zakudya zoyenera ndi

chofunikira pakusamalira odwala matenda ashuga komanso chimaphatikizapo

kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ochulukirapo okwanira mafuta ndi mafuta. Zotere

zakudya, mbali imodzi, zimachepetsa shuga wamagazi, ndipo inayo, ngoziyo

kukula kwa atherosulinosis ndi angiopathies. Ndi mtundu wodwala wa insulin

Kufunika kwakukulu ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala a insulin. Ndi insulin

mtundu wopanda shuga wodziimira pawokha wambiri onenepa umangogwiritsidwa ntchito,

kuchepetsa kulemera komanso nthawi yomweyo kubwezeretsa zomverera

zolandilira insulin maselo chandamale. Ndi mtundu wosadalira insulini

shuga wopanda mafuta onenepa, kupatula zakudya, pakamwa antidiabetesic ogwira

mankhwala monga tolbutamide, tolazamide, acetohexamide, zotsatira zake

yochepa, kapena chloronamide, yokhala ndi nthawi yayitali

Wii. Zonsezi zimachulukitsa katulutsidwe ka insulini ndi zotsatira zake, kapena zoletsa

mayamwidwe a shuga m'magawo am'mimba, gluconeogeneis mu chiwindi. Ndi vuto lalikulu

insulin pamlomo odwala matenda ashuga sizothandiza.

Kuphatikiza apo, shuga wambiri amalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga.

masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupatula kusuta, chidwi champhamvu chovuta komanso

Matenda opatsirana. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi moyenera kumachepetsa

shuga wamagazi, kusuta kumathandizira kusintha kwa ma atherosulinotic

zochitika, komanso matenda okhudzana ndi matendawa zimakulitsa njira ya matenda ashuga chifukwa cha kale

Zizindikiro zamavuto am'madzi

Ndi chiyambi cha matenda ashuga m'thupi, machitidwe osiyana siyana omwe amatsutsana amayamba kuchitika. Izi ndichifukwa choti glucose yemwe ali ndi vuto losakhazikika sayenera kukhala mu ndende yayikulu m'magazi. Vuto la zotengera limatha kudziwoneka mosiyanasiyana, zizindikiro zazikulu zimatha kutchedwa:

1. Masomphenya opanda pake. Kudya kwamaso ndizodutsa pamatumbo ambiri. Ngati umphumphu wawo uphwanyidwa, ndikutheka kuti mawonekedwe amaso sangalandire kuchuluka koyenera kwamankhwala, chifukwa cha zomwe zosokoneza zowoneka. Chithandizo cha mankhwalawa chimathetsa mwayi wokhala ndi zowonongeka zowoneka.
2. Chizindikiro china chochititsa chidwi chimatchedwa kuoneka kwa ntchentche zazing'ono patsogolo pa maso.
3. Ndi chakudya chokwanira cha maselo, edema imatha kuwoneka. Mkhalidwe wina wamitsempha yamagazi m'magazi a shuga umazindikira zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatupa kumaso ndi miyendo.
4. Maonekedwe a nyansi a mkodzo.
5. Nthawi zina, mwina zotupa zimapezeka pakhungu. Nthawi zambiri, mavuto oterewa amapezeka kumadera otsika.
6. Mchitidwe wamanjenje umafunanso chakudya, chomwe chimaphatikizapo kunyamula michere kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi. Matenda a mtima amatha kuwoneka ngati kutayika kwa miyendo.
7. Maonekedwe a kupweteka pachifuwa.
8. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Vuto lofananalo limadziwoneka lokha kuposa ena.

Monga momwe zimakhalira nthawi zina zambiri, chithandizo chanthawi yake chimachotsa mwayi wamavuto. Kuti muchite izi, mukangoyamba kumene zizindikiro, pitani kuchipatala. Ndikotheka kuchiza matenda omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera, komanso kutsatira zakudya ndi malingaliro ena. Matenda a mtima komanso kukula kwa matenda ashuga angayambitse mavuto ena osafunikira ndi thupi.

Kodi ndimomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mtima ndi shuga?

Kuti mupeze chithandizo choyenera, muyenera kudziwa kaye zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mtima ndi dongosolo zimawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi ya matenda a shuga.

Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa matenda a shuga ndi monga mfundo izi:

1. Kusuta kumabweretsa mavuto ngakhale kwa munthu wathanzi. Kuwonongeka kwa mtima wamagetsi kuchokera ku kusuta kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha chitukuko cha matenda ashuga.
2. Kulephera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi kungayambitsenso kukula kwa zovuta zomwe zimaganiziridwa. Pofuna kukonza mkhalidwe wamitsempha yamagazi amayenera kupereka pafupipafupi, koma osati kuchita zolimbitsa thupi. Zitsanzo zikuphatikiza kuyenda mu paki, kuthamanga kwambiri, ndi zina zotero.
3. Kulephera kutsatira zakudya zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa. Chithandizo choletsa matendawa chimakhudzanso kudya kwamoto pang'ono. Chitsanzo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol.

Mukaganizira mfundo zomwe zili pamwambapa, chithandizo chimaperekedwa ndipo mndandanda wazomwe umapangidwa zomwe zingachepetse mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta zomwe zingachitike.

Mawonekedwe a moyo wamankhwala owonongeka

Khalidwe la moyo limakhudza thupi kwambiri. Matenda a mtima amathanso kukhala mwa munthu wathanzi wokhala ndi zizolowezi zambiri zoyipa. Malangizo pazakusintha pa moyo wanu akuphatikiza mfundo izi:

1. Pofuna kusiyanitsa zovuta, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa miyendo yanu ngati muli ndi zilonda. Ngati mawonekedwe owuma awonekera, ndiye kuti ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apadera.
2. Tsatirani zakudya zokhazikitsidwa. Poimitsa matendawa ndi zakudya, osati kufunika kochepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, komanso kuphatikizidwa ndi zakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta pa thupi, zimaganiziridwa.
3. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malingaliro a kumwa mankhwalawa, osaphwanya mlingo.
4. Muyenera kusamala posankha njira zina zochizira, popeza zina mwazomwe zimatha kukhala ndi vuto pa mtima.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri kumawononga thupi, koma moyo wocheperako ungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mtima kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuganizira mawonekedwe a physiotherapy a shuga mellitus, kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa ndikusankha zakudya zamalonda mosamala, mukumvera malingaliro a madokotala.

Zomwe zimadziwika ndi matenda a mtima

Akapita ku chipatala chokhudzana ndi kufalikira kwa matenda a shuga, dokotala amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta m'matumbo. Kuzindikira matenda a mtima ndi motere:

1. Vuto ndi zotengera limakhudza thupi lonse, lomwe limasankha mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Ichi ndichifukwa chake adotolo amayambitsa mayeso ndi mafunso okhudza thanzi. Chisamaliro chapadera chidzalipiridwa pakuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kusuta.
2. Paki yam'mimba ikamera, izi zimawonekera mu ziwalo zina zamkati. Chitsanzo ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso. Kuti muwone momwe impso zimayendera, mayeso osiyanasiyana amachitika, kuphatikizapo kuwunika mkodzo. A protein yambiri imawonetsa kukula kwa impso.
3. Ndizothekanso kuti zovuta zimayambitsa matenda ashuga retinopathy, matenda omwe ziwiya zam'mimba zimawonongeka. Dokotala wa maso amatha kudziwa vutoli.
4. Mayeso olekanitsidwa amakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone momwe zotengera zilili. Nthawi zambiri, matenda ashuga, kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zam'munsi kumachitika.

Njira yovomerezeka imatha kutchedwa kuyezetsa magazi, momwe mawonekedwe amwazi amatsimikizidwira: kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, lipids, glucose ndi mfundo zina zambiri. Pokhapokha kukonzanso chithunzithunzi cha zomwe zimachitika mthupi momwe chitukuko cha matenda amitsempha cham'mimba chimatha kupewedwa.

Chithandizo cha zotumphukira matenda akumayambiriro ashuga

Njira zazikulu zochizira matenda a mtima zimaphatikizapo:

1. Kuchepetsa shuga wamagazi ndi cholesterol, zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zakudya zimatsatiridwa. Ngati kwadziwika kuti pali zovuta ndi zotengera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi milingo ya lipid.Zakudya zoyenera zitha kuikidwa ndi dokotala kutengera zotsatira za mayeso.
2. Mankhwala ena amatha kusintha mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo. Nthawi zambiri, insulin imakhala yofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Kuphatikiza apo, zoletsa, ma calcium blockers ndi okodzetsa amatha kupatsidwa. Mankhwala amatha kuikidwa ndi dokotala. Dziwani kuti mankhwala ofunikira kwa odwala matenda ashuga angaperekedwe pazopindulitsa.
3. Ndi chitukuko cha retinopathy, opaleshoni ya laser ndikulimbikitsidwa. Njira yofananayo idakhazikitsidwa pakupanga mtengo womwe umasangalatsa ziwiya zomwe zakhudzidwa. Zombo zamatenda zimatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukuru kwa wodwalayo.
4. Mkhalidwe momwe mumakhala zotupa za zotumphukira za m'munsi zam'munsi zimawonedwa nthawi zambiri. Ngati zilonda zapezeka pakhungu, ndiye kuti chithandizo cha opaleshoni ndi mankhwala. Maantibayotiki amatumizidwanso kuti athandizire thupi: amafunika kupewa matenda a mabala ndikupanga zilonda zatsopano za khungu. Kukula kwa madokotala pokhudzana ndi zotupa zam'munsi kwambiri kuyenera kukumbukiridwa: zilonda zam'mimba zimayamba msanga, maselo amkhungu amayamba kufa, omwe amayambitsa gangore. Pofuna kuti asamenye thupi lonse, kudula kumachitika. Pofuna kupulumutsa miyendo, muyenera kufunsa dokotala panthawi, yemwe akupangireni opaleshoni yodutsa, stenting, angioplasty. Dokotala wokha ndi amene angasankhe njira yothandiza kwambiri yachipatala.

Monga lamulo, kuwonongeka kwa mtima komwe ndikovuta kwambiri kwa matenda a shuga, chifukwa shuga amayamba kudziunjikira m'makoma ndikuwasintha. Chifukwa chake, kupatula mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta zina, chithandizo cha mtima wamitsempha chikuyenera kuchitika munthawi yake.

Momwe vuto limayambira

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya komwe kamayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa insulin (onse mtheradi komanso wachibale, wogwirizana ndi matenda a receptor).

Popeza chidziwitsochi chimachitika pang'onopang'ono ndipo chimakhudza machitidwe onse amthupi, popanda chithandizo choyenera, chimayambitsa zovuta:

1. Pachimake

• ketoacidosis
• hypoglycemia (mwachitsanzo, kuperewera kwa vuto la kuperewera kwa m'thupi kapena mankhwala a insulin ambiri,
• chikomokere.

1. Chachikulu:

• retinopathies
• angiopathy
• polyneuropathy
• nephropathy,
• arthropathy,
• encephalopathy.

Mavuto onse a shuga a shuga amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akulu - microangiopathy ndi macroangiopathy. Chofunikira chachikulu cha chitukuko chawo ndikusintha bwino kwa matenda amtundu wa endocrine, momwe sikuti chakudya chokha, komanso mitundu ina ya metabolism imasokonezeka.

Izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka pakubwera kwa oxygen mu minyewa yonse, kuphatikizira makoma amitsempha, komanso magazi osokonekera pamitsempha ya capillary.

Macroangiopathy

Vuto lakuwonongeka kwa shuga mellitus ndi mtundu wa macroangiopathy limakhudza koyipa, choyambirira, mkhalidwe wa ziwalo:

• Mitima
• bongo
• miyendo yotsika.

M'malo mwake, macroangiopathy imatha kutchedwa chinthu chomwe chikufulumizitsa kukulitsa kwa dyslipidemic syndrome ndi kupangidwa kwa cholesterol plaque khoma lamkati lamitsempha yamagazi. Mapepala amenewo ndi ma cholesterol am'magazi omwe amasokoneza magazi omwe amapezeka kwa ziwalo ndipo amatsogolera kusintha kwawo.

Microangiopathy

Kugonjetsedwa kwa ziwiya zazing'ono za shuga kumachitika mthupi lonse, komabe, kumakhala ndi zovuta zambiri:

• retina
• impso.

Matenda a shuga angioretinopathy amawonekera mu 90% ya odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la shuga. Amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa zotchinga zamagazi ndi kulowetsedwa kwa mamolekyulu akulu m'matumbo am'mimba kuchokera m'magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, pathogenesis ya matendawa, njira za kusinthika ndi kupangika zimawonekera.

Matenda a shuga angionephropathy komanso chifukwa chophwanya mitundu yonse ya kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi ndipo amatha kuchitika:

• Matenda a mitsempha ya m'magazi ndi nthambi zake,
• glomerulosulinosis (kupatula kapena nodular),
• aakulu pyelonephritis,
• necronephrosis
• kulephera kwa aimpso.

Ngakhale pali njira zambiri zamaphunziro, mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga a impso ali ndi njira yotukukira yomwe imagwirizana ndi aimpso glomerular nephroangiossteosis.

Zizindikiro za mavuto a mtima

Poyerekeza ndi zovuta zina za mochedwa za endocrine matenda, angiopathies amakula msanga. Mwa odwala ambiri, zizindikiro za matenda ozungulira zimatsimikiziridwa mu zaka zoyambirira za matenda.

Kusintha kwachilengedwe m'mitsempha yamagazi m'magazi a shuga kumakhala ndi kupita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono komanso kuchepetsa kwambiri moyo wa odwala.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa macroangiopathy ndi ofanana ndi zizindikiro za atherosulinosis. Chifukwa chake, kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zomwe zimapereka myocardium kumakhala chifukwa cha chitukuko cha IHD ndi matenda ake (pachimake, mtima, matenda ammimba, kufa kwamwadzidzidzi kwamtima) komanso mawonekedwe a angina pectoris, a mtima.

Zina mwazizindikiro zake:

• kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum (kumva kuwawa kapena kupindika, kuponderezana, kufalikira kumanzere kwa mutu ndi thunthu),
• kuchepa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi,
• kupuma movutikira
• kumva kusasangalala.

Zofunika! Malinga ndi ziwerengero, chiopsezo cha kufa chifukwa cha vuto la mtima mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndi 2-2,5 nthawi zambiri kuposa anthu omwe ali ndi metabolism yachilengedwe.

Kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zamafuta m'thupi kumawonekera:

• kukumbukira ndi kusasamala,
• mutu
• chizungulire
• kulumikizidwa kosasunthika, kayendedwe ka gait,
• kuvutika mumtima, kutaya umunthu,
• pambuyo pake - kuchepa kwa mitsempha.

Tcherani khutu! Gawo lomaliza la matenda a chithokomiro cha matenda am'mimba ndi mitsempha ya mtima, kapena dementia.

Zizindikiro za angiopathy zam'munsi kwambiri ndi:

• kulankhulika kwapakati: kupweteka kwambiri m'mapazi poyenda ndi kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono mtunda wopanda ululu,
• kuzirala, kutsika kwamapazi,
• kutsika kwamalingaliro amitundu yonse m'miyendo,
• kupweteka kwamankhwala - mu shuga omwe amalumikizana ndi ischemia ya minofu yofewa yam'munsi chifukwa cha mitsempha yolumikizidwa ndi zolembera,
• kuwoneka kwa zovuta zamtumbo: misomali yokhotakhota komanso yayikulu, kuchepa kwa tsitsi kumapazi, kuwonda khungu.

Zofunika! Popanda chithandizo cha panthawi yake, mafinya m'matumbo amiyendo amatha kubweretsa kupangika kwa zilonda zam'mimba.

Kuwonongeka kwa shuga m'matumbo a retina kumapangitsa kuchepa kapena kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa kuwona kwakhungu (khungu). Ndi angionephropathy, edema, ochepa matenda oopsa, zizindikiro za patsogolo aimpso kulephera.

Njira zodziwika bwino zochizira angiopathies

Angiopathy ndimavuto akulu a shuga omwe amafunikira chisamaliro kuchokera kwa madokotala. Ndikofunikira kuti kuwunika ndi kuthandizira wodwalayo sikuchitika kokha ndi endocrinologist, komanso ndi akatswiri ena opanikizika - a mtima, neuropathologist, angiologist, ophthalmologist, nephrologist, etc.

Ndipo momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito zamitsempha yamagazi m'magazi a shuga, komanso kupewa kupewa zotsatira zoyipa: tiyeni timvetsetse.

Chithandizo cha matenda oyamba

Mankhwalawa a shuga angiopathies makamaka amatengera kukonza kwa kagayidwe kachakudya ndi matenda a shuga.

Mankhwala akuluakulu omwe amachepetsa shuga ya magazi ndi monga:

Dokotala amasankha mlingo, pafupipafupi komanso nthawi yomwe akumamwa mankhwalawo payekhapayekha malinga ndi machitidwe a matendawa komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngati piritsi silikukonzekera, kapena kuti wodwala wapezeka ndi matenda amtundu 1, amamuwonetsa jakisoni wa insulin wa nthawi yayitali komanso wosakhalitsa.

Zofunika! Mulingo wa glucose womwe umasunthidwa mwa odwala matenda a shuga amawonedwa kuti ndi 3.3-6.5 mmol / L.

Mawonekedwe a moyo komanso zakudya

Komanso, kuyeretsa kwamitsempha yamagazi m'magazi a shuga kumatheka chifukwa chokhala ndi moyo woyenera komanso kutsatira zakudya zabwino.

Malangizo azachipatala a odwala matenda ashuga akuphatikizapo malangizo otsatirawa:

1. Kukana kwamphamvu zizolowezi zoipa.
2. Kuchotsa mapaundi owonjezera, kusunga BMI yabwinobwino.
3. Kutsatira ndi boma la kumwa: kumwa pafupifupi malita 1.5 a madzi tsiku lililonse.
4. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumagwirizana ndi dokotala. Kuyenda, kusambira, zolimbitsa thupi ndizothandiza: pafupifupi zochitika zina zilizonse zimawonetsedwa bwino m'matumba omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
5. Kuyenda mumweya watsopano.
6. Kuyang'aniridwa kwazipatala ndi endocrinologist ndi akatswiri ena, kukhazikitsa mosamala nthawi yawo yoikidwiratu.

Kuphatikiza apo, kubwezeretsa bwino kwamitsempha yamagazi m'magazi a shuga sikungatheke popanda kutsatira malamulo azakudya zochizira. Odwala ayenera kudyetsedwa pang'ono, 5-6 patsiku.

• sopo pa masamba ndi nyama zofowoka (nkhuku),
• nyama ndi nsomba,
• chimanga (ng'ombe, mpunga, mapira, barele wa ngale),
• mkate wa chinangwa - wambiri,
• masamba - kabichi, mitundu yonse ya saladi, zukini, nkhaka,
• mazira - mpaka 1 pc. patsiku
• zipatso ndi zipatso (kupatula mitundu ya zotsekemera),
• zopangidwa mkaka.

Mu shuga mellitus ndi angiopathies, "othamanga" chakudya (shuga, maswiti ndi confectionery, chakudya mwachangu, makeke) komanso magwero a cholesterol (mafuta onenepa, mafuta, offal) amatsutsana. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala akulangizidwa kuti achepetse mchere wa tebulo mpaka 2.5-3 g / tsiku.

Zofunika! Lamulo lalikulu la zakudya kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 ndikuwerengera tsiku ndi tsiku mphamvu (kuphatikizapo chakudya cha zakudya). Izi ndizofunikira kusintha Mlingo wa insulin.

Mankhwala

Ndipo momwe mungathandizire mitsempha yamagazi m'magazi a shuga ndi mankhwala? Pharmacology yamakono ili ndi zida zambiri zomwe zimalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa makoma a mitsempha komanso kukonza magazi.

Chifukwa chake, ndi macroangiopathy, mankhwala ochepetsa lipid amalembedwa, omwe amatulutsa metabolism yamafuta ndi mafuta ochepa a cholesterol.

Gome: Hypolipidemic mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito shuga:

Zofunika! Popeza kugwiritsa ntchito ma statin kwa nthawi yayitali kumayambitsa kuphwanya chiwindi, odwala ayenera kukhala pafupipafupi (miyezi 3-6) amayesedwa magazi kuti adziwe bilirubin ndi transaminases.

Chithandizo cha matenda amitsempha, coronary atherosulinosis, komanso mitundu ina ya macroangiopathy, imaphatikizapo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kovomerezeka kwa mankhwala omwe amasintha kufalikira kwa magazi ndi kutulutsa magazi. Kupanga kwawo kwamachitidwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kufalikira kwa ziwiya zazing'ono-zowonjezera, ndikukulitsa kukhazikika kwa endothelium ndikuwonjezera kagayidwe kazinthu.

Mankhwala otchuka a mtima a shuga:

• Pentoxifylline (Trental),
• Bilobil (Ginko Biloba),
• Rutozide (Rutin, Venorutin),
• Niacin.

Mankhwala ambiri amapezeka mwanjira ya mapiritsi ndipo ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, komabe, ndikupanga zovuta zamavuto, amatha kutumikiridwa ndi makolo. Maselo obwera chifukwa cha matenda ashuga amatha kusintha magazi kulowa mu ischemic minofu ndikuletsa necrosis yawo.

Kuphatikiza apo, chithandizo cha ziwiya zam'mbali zokhala ndi matenda a shuga chikuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala am'deralo - mafuta, mafuta. Amathetsa njira zotupa m'makoma amitsempha, amadziletsa lipid peroxidation, ndikuthandizira pakuchepetsa kwa edema. Mafuta otchuka kwambiri a shuga ndi Troxevasin.

Monga pathogenetic ndi chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga amalembedwa:

• antihypertensive mankhwala
• okodzetsa
• antiplatelet agents
• metabolic othandizira.

Chilonda chachikulu cha macroangiopathy chikhoza kukhala chizindikiritso chamankhwala othandizira. Kubwezeretsa kwamtundu wamagazi oyenda kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito stenting, opaleshoni yodutsa, angioplasty.

Njira yothandiza pochotsa masitepe a angioretinopathy ndi laser Photocoagulation ya ziwiya zokulira. Ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zamiyendo ndi kukulira kwa ganrenization, kumadula chiwalo cha manja ndi kuchitidwa.

Kusintha kwatsoka kwamitsempha yamagazi m'magazi a shuga ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe likufunika kukonzedwa kwamakono. Njira yokhayo yophatikizira chithandizo cha matendawa ndipo koposa zonse, kuphatikiza mitundu yonse ya kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi kumapewetsa kuwonongedwa kwa mitsempha ndi mitsempha.