Kodi kusala kudya kuli bwino kwa matenda ashuga a 2

Kupuma pang'ono ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi matenda ambiri. Zoyambitsa zake zazikulu ndi matenda a mtima, mapapu, bronchi ndi kuchepa magazi. Komanso kusowa kwa mpweya komanso kumva kuti uli ndi kukhutira kumatha kuonekera ndi matenda ashuga komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri, kuyambika kwa chizindikiritso cha matenda ashuga sichimodzicho, koma zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa maziko ake. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri ndimakhala ndi matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia, munthu amakhala ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri, kulephera kwa mtima komanso nephropathy, ndipo ma pathologies onsewa nthawi zonse amakhala limodzi ndi kupuma movutikira.

Zizindikiro zakufupika kwa mpweya - kuperewera kwa mpweya ndi mawonekedwe a kumverera kwadzuwa. Nthawi yomweyo, kupuma kumapangitsa, kukhala phokoso, ndipo kuya kwake kumasintha. Koma kodi nchifukwa ninji mkhalidwe wotere umabuka ndi momwe ungapewere?

Zizindikiro za Mapangidwe A Zizindikiro

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsa kuwoneka kufupika kwa mpweya ndi kutsekeka kwa mpweya ndi mtima. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amapezeka kuti ali molakwika ndipo amamuthandizira chithandizo. Koma zenizeni, pathogenis wazinthu izi zimatha kukhala zovuta kwambiri.

Chotsimikizika kwambiri ndi lingaliro lozikidwa pa lingaliro la kuzindikira ndi kusanthula pambuyo pake ndi ubongo wamalingaliro omwe amalowa mu thupi pamene minofu yopuma siyidatambasulidwa ndikuvutitsidwa molondola. Nthawi yomweyo, mulingo wakukwiyitsa kwamitsempha yamitsempha yomwe imawongolera kusokonezeka kwa minofu ndikutumiza chizindikiro kuubongo sikugwirizana ndi kutalika kwa minofu.

Izi zimatsogolera ku mfundo yoti mpweya, poyerekeza ndi minofu yam'mimba yopumira, ndi yochepa kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, zikhumbo zochokera kumapeto am'mapapo kapena minyewa ya kupuma yolumikizana ndi mitsempha ya vagus imalowa mkati mwa dongosolo lamanjenje, ndikupanga kuzindikira kapena kuzindikira kwa kupuma kosakhazikika, mwa kuyankhula kwina, kufupika.

Ili ndi lingaliro lambiri la momwe dyspnea imapangidwira mu shuga ndi zovuta zina mthupi. Monga lamulo, makina amtunduwu wa kupuma movutikira amadziwika ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, chifukwa pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa m'magazi ndikofunikira.

Koma kwenikweni mfundo ndi njira za maonekedwe a zovuta kupuma pansi osiyanasiyana zimakhala zofanana.

Nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupunthwa kolimba komanso zosokoneza pakupuma.

Mitundu, kuuma komanso zomwe zimayambitsa kufupika kwa odwala matenda ashuga

Kwenikweni, zizindikiro za dyspnea, mosasamala kanthu za mawonekedwe awo, ndizofanana. Koma kusiyana kwake kungakhale mu magawo a kupuma, chifukwa chake pali mitundu itatu ya dyspnea: kudzoza (kumawonekera pakamapuma), kutulutsa mpweya (kumayamba pakupuma) ndikusakanikirana (kovuta kupumira mkati ndi kunja).

Kukula kwa dyspnea mu matenda ashuga amathanso kusintha. Pa zero, kupuma sikovuta, kupatula kumangowonjezera zolimbitsa thupi. Ndi digiri yofatsa, dyspnea imawoneka poyenda kapena kukwera mmwamba.

Ndi kusakhazikika kwenikweni, kusokonezedwa mwakuya komanso kupuma pafupipafupi kumachitika ngakhale mukuyenda pang'onopang'ono. Pazowopsa mawonekedwe, akuyenda, wodwalayo amayimitsa mita 100 iliyonse kuti apume. Ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri, zovuta kupuma zimawonekera pambuyo poti tichita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale munthu atapuma.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kupuma pang'ono kwa matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mtima, chifukwa ziwalo zonse zimakumana ndi kuperewera kwa oxygen. Kuphatikiza apo, motsutsana ndi maziko a nthendayi yayitali, odwala ambiri amakhala nephropathy, yomwe imawonjezera kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi hypoxia.Kuphatikiza apo, mavuto a kupuma amatha kuchitika ndi ketoacidosis, magazi atadziwika, momwe ma ketoni amapangidwira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, odwala ambiri ndi onenepa kwambiri. Ndipo monga mukudziwa, kunenepa kumapangitsa ntchito yam'mapapu, mtima ndi ziwalo zopumira, kotero kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi magazi sizimalowa m'matumbo ndi ziwalo.

Komanso, matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia amasokoneza ntchito ya mtima. Zotsatira zake, odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima, kupuma movutikira kumachitika panthawi yolimbitsa thupi kapena poyenda.

Matendawa akamakula, mavuto a kupuma amayamba kuvutitsa wodwala ngakhale atapuma, mwachitsanzo, kugona.

Chochita ndi kupuma movutikira?

Kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa glucose ndi acetone m'magazi kungayambitse vuto la dyspnea pachimake. Panthawi imeneyi, muyenera kuyimbira ambulansi nthawi yomweyo. Koma pakuyembekezera kwake, simungamwe mankhwala aliwonse, chifukwa izi zimangokulitsa vutolo.

Chifukwa chake, ambulansi isanafike, ndikofunikira kuti mpweya wabwino mchipindacho ukhale wodwala. Ngati zovala zilizonse zimapangitsa kupuma kukhala kovuta, muyenera kumasula kapena kuchichotsa.

Ndikofunikanso kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer. Ngati glycemia ikukula kwambiri, ndiye kuti kuyambitsidwa kwa insulin ndikotheka. Komabe, pankhaniyi, kufunsa achipatala ndikofunikira.

Ngati, kuwonjezera pa matenda ashuga, wodwalayo ali ndi matenda a mtima, ndiye kuti akuyenera kuyeza kukakamizidwa. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo azikhala pampando kapena pakama, koma osamuyika pabedi, chifukwa izi zimangokulitsa vuto lakelo. Komanso, miyendo iyenera kutsitsidwa, zomwe zitsimikizire kutuluka kwamadzi ochulukirapo kuchokera pansi pamtima.

Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kukwera kwambiri, ndiye kuti mutha kumwa mankhwala a antihypertensive. Itha kukhala mankhwala monga Korfar kapena Kapoten.

Ngati kupuma movutikira ndi matenda ashuga kwakhala kwadwala, ndiye kuti ndizosatheka kuyichotsa popanda kulipiritsa matenda omwe akudwala. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukhazikika m'magazi a shuga ndikutsatira zakudya, zomwe zimatanthawuza kukanidwa kwa chakudya cham'thupi chofulumira.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga panthawi komanso muyezo woyenera kapena jekeseni insulin. Komabe muyenera kusiya zizolowezi zilizonse zoyipa, makamaka kusuta.

Kuphatikiza apo, malingaliro ena onse akuyenera kutsatidwa:

1. Tsiku lililonse, yendani mpweya wabwino kwa mphindi pafupifupi 30.
2. Ngati thanzi lanu limalola, Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi.
3. Idyani nthawi zambiri komanso pang'ono.
4. Pamaso pa mphumu ndi matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kulumikizana ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kuwopsa kwa matenda.
5. Pimani shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi pafupipafupi.
6. Chepetsa mchere wambiri ndikutha madzi ambiri. Lamuloli limagwira ntchito makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga nephropathy komanso matenda a mtima.
7. Yendetsani kulemera kwanu. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kulemera kwa 1.5-2 makilogalamu m'masiku angapo kukusonyeza kuchepa kwamadzi m'thupi, komwe ndi harbinger wa dyspnea.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndi kufupika, osati mankhwala okha, komanso chithandizo cha wowerengeka chothandizira. Chifukwa chake, kupukusira kupuma, uchi, mkaka wa mbuzi, muzu wa horseradish, katsabola, lilac, turnips, komanso ngakhale mapokoso othamanga amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kupuma pang'ono kumakonda kupezeka mwa asthmatics. Pazambiri za matenda amphumo a bronchial mu shuga adzauza vidiyoyi munkhaniyi.

Mawonetseredwe azachipatala

Mwa abambo akuluakulu, kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga a 1 kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuposa anyamata ndi anyamata.

• kamwa yowuma
• ludzu
• Khungu lowuma komanso loyera
• kukodza pafupipafupi
• kukodza mwachangu usiku,
• nocturnal enursis (mwa ana),
• kuchepa kwa chitetezo chakwanuko komanso wamba,
• chilonda chachitali
• matenda opaka pakhungu
• Fungo la acetone mu mpweya wotuluka.
• kuwonda kwambiri.

Ngati munthu wadwala pambuyo pa zaka 20-25, ndiye kuti mu zaka zoyambirira za matenda amakhala ndi vuto lochepa kwambiri la insulin. Kwa nthawi yayitali, wodwalayo amatha kuchita popanda jakisoni konse.

Gulu la odwala silimakhala ndi ketoacidosis. Matenda a shuga amakhalapo nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwangozi.

Kuyesedwa kumawonetsa hyperglycemia wolimbitsa thupi. Koma patapita nthawi, zizindikiro za matendawa zimayamba kukula, kufunikira kwa insulin kumawonjezeka.

Kuyamba kwamatenda mofulumira atakula kumawonetsa pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kutupa kwa autoimmune mwa akulu. Mwa ana, njira zonse zimachitika mwachangu. Pafupifupi 50-70% yamilandu, matenda a shuga amapezeka kale pa ketoacidosis. Oopsa kwambiri nthendayi mwa ana osakwana zaka 4. Ngongole mu 30% ya milandu imapangidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi chikomokere ndipo imatha kupha mwana.

Zimayambitsa kupuma movutikira

Matenda a shuga amakhala ndi moyo waufupi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Matendawa amatchedwa hyperglycemia, yomwe imakhudza mwachindunji mapangidwe a atherosulinotic malo. Yotsirizika kapena yotseka lumen ya ziwiya, zomwe zimatsogolera ku ischemia ya minofu yamtima.

Madokotala ambiri ali ndi chitsimikizo kuti shuga yowonjezera imakhumudwitsa kusokonekera - malo okhala ndi lipid. Chifukwa cha izi, makoma azotengera amakhala mawonekedwe ovomerezeka ndi mawonekedwe.

Hyperglycemia imathandizanso kutsegula kwa kuphatikiza kwa oxidative ndikupanga ma free radicals, omwe amakhalanso ndi vuto la endothelium.

Mu matenda a shuga, mitsempha ya parasympathetic imakhudzidwa, zomwe zimayambitsa kugunda kwa mtima kwachangu. Ndi kukula kwa matendawa, njira yachipatala imakhudzira madipatimenti achifundo a autonomic NS.

Pakakhala zopanda chidwi pakukoka kwa mitsempha, izi zimapangitsa kuwoneka ngati tachycardia osati, komanso chitukuko cha IHD ndi maphunziro a atypical. Ndi matenda a coronary, ululu sungamveke, motero, mwa anthu ena odwala matenda ashuga, ngakhale vuto la mtima limachitika popanda vuto lalikulu.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kupuma pang'ono zitha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi:

1. Kulephera chifukwa cha:
   • kuphwanya matenda a bronchial,
   • Tumizani matenda am'mapapo, parenchyma
   • matenda a m'mapapo
   • matenda a kupuma minofu kapena chifuwa.
2. Kulephera kwa mtima.
3. Hyperventilation syndrome (yokhala ndi neurocirculatory dystonia ndi neurosis).
4. Matenda a metabolism.

Pali zifukwa 4 zazikuluzikulu zachitukuko cha dyspnea:

• kulephera kwa mtima
• kulephera kupuma
• kagayidwe kachakudya matenda
• Hyperventilation syndrome.

Chonde dziwani: Kulephera kupuma kungayambike chifukwa cha zovuta m'matumbo am'mapapo, kupaka zotupa zam'mapapo, kutsika kwa bronchi, komanso ma pathologies a minofu yam'mapapo.

Hyperventilation syndrome imadziwoneka mu mitundu ina ya neurosis komanso kumbuyo kwa neurocirculatory dystonia.

Epidemiology

Lembani 1 chifukwa cha pafupifupi 5% ya matenda onse a shuga. Nthawi zambiri anthu amakhala ndi zaka zosakwana 30. Izi zimachuluka pazaka 7 ndi 14.

Maphunziro a Epidemiological, potengera kuchuluka kwa zigawo ndi mayiko, akuwonetsa kusiyanasiyana pakukula kwa matenda ashuga m'maiko osiyanasiyana. Izi zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kutalika kwa dziko komanso mtundu wa anthu.

Odwala ochulukirapo akumayiko akumpoto ndi kumadzulo. Mitundu ya matenda ashuga ya Illuno ikhoza kukhudza kwambiri mpikisano wa Caucasus. Osowa kwambiri, matenda ashuga oterewa amapezeka ku Asia.

Ambiri mwa matenda atsopano amalembetsa chaka chilichonse m'maiko a Scandinavia (Finland, Norway, Sweden), ku Sardinia ndi ku Israel (pakati pa Ayuda aku Yemeni). Mwa ana omwe ali ndi anthu ambiri, odwala matenda opatsirana opitilira 20 apezeka kwa anthu 100,000 aliwonse.

Ku Finland, anthuwa amakhala okwera kwambiri - mpaka 58 mwa anthu 100,000. Oimira New Zealand, Spain, Netherlands ndi dziko lathu akudwala kwambiri (720 milandu kwa ana 100,000).

Gawo laling'ono limawonedwa ku Poland ndi Italy (kupatula Sardinia). Chachikulu pa zonse, matenda amtundu wa 1 amakhudza anthu ku Southeast Asia ndi South America.

M'mayiko amenewa, ana osakwana atatu mwa ophunzira 100,000 pachaka amadwala.

Ku Russia, kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba kumasiyana m'malo osiyanasiyana. Odwala ochulukirapo amakhala m'malo omwe a Finno-Ugric amakhala m'mafuko achilengedwe (Mordovia, Karelia, Mari El, Udmurtia, Komi, etc.).

e.) Chiwopsezo chachikulu kwambiri chidalembetsedwa ku North-West Federal District. Zizindikiro zapamwamba zidadziwika m'dera la Arkhangelsk ndi Pskov.

Anthu achilengedwe a Nenets Autonomous Okrug sakhudzidwa pang'ono. Zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, sanalembetse vuto limodzi la matenda osokoneza bongo (ana ndi akulu).

Mwinanso, kutalika kochulukira kumadalira kusiyana kwamitundu yamafuko osiyanasiyana. Kafukufuku wazachipatala akuwonetsa kuti ku Europe ziwonetserozo zikuchepa kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kumwera ndi kummawa.

Asayansi amafotokoza kuti ichi ndi chodabwitsa kwambiri. Koma nthawi yomweyo, kulumikizana ndi nyengo zamaderawo sikunatsimikizidwe.

Chifukwa chake, gritent ya latitudinal imalongosoleredwa ndi kusiyana kwamitundu ya anthu. Mwinanso, zochitika zosiyanasiyana zimawonetsa kusamuka kwakale kwa anthu a Dziko lakale kumpoto chakumadzulo (kuchokera ku Middle East kupita ku Eastern Europe).

Mwinanso, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha izi:

• kutukuka m'mizinda (kuchuluka kwa anthu akumatauni),
• kutukuka (kutukuka kwa mafakitale),
• kusintha kwamachitidwe (kuchepetsa ntchito zolimbitsa thupi),
• kusintha zakudya (kuchuluka kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu, kusintha kapangidwe kake),
• kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.

Udindo wina wa matenda obwera chifukwa cha matenda ashuga umachitikanso ndikuyenda kwamatenda opatsirana (kutsatira kusamukira komwe kumachitika). Zotsatira za vaccinations ndi kudyetsa ana makanda zimafotokozedwanso.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 ndiofala kwambiri pakati pa amuna. Anyamata, anyamata ndi achikulire omwe ali ogonana mwamphamvu amadwala nthawi zambiri kuposa atsikana, atsikana ndi amayi. M'magulu a odwala ochokera ku Europe, chiwerengero cha amuna ndi akazi ndi pafupifupi 1.5: 1.

Etiology ya matenda a shuga 1

Maganizo a mitundu ya shuga ya autoimmune samamveka bwino. Chofunikira kwambiri chimakhulupilira kuti chibadwidwe cha majini.

Matendawa amadziwika kuti amaphatikizidwa ndi majini a HLA (genocompatability tata). Ma HLA-DR / DQ amapezeka kuti atha kulimbana ndi matendawa kapena, kuteteza.

Mwa odwala ambiri (pafupifupi 90%), a genotype HLA-DR3, HLA-DR4 apezeka.

Matenda obadwa nawo samatanthauza kuti wodwalayo akuwonetsa mtundu woyamba wa shuga. Pakukula kwa matendawa, kukopa kwa zina (zakunja) ndizofunikira. Ntchito yoyipa ikhoza kuchitika mwachitsanzo ndi kachilombo ka virus.

Gulu la dyspnea

Pakadali pano, nthawi zambiri, ndikotheka kudziwa zoyambitsa matenda ashuga a mtundu 1. Pafupipafupi, odwala ali ndi zizindikiro zonse za kuchepa kwathunthu kwa insulin, koma palibe ma autoantibodies omwe anapezeka.

Pamaziko awa, matenda a shuga a 1 amalembedwa kuti:

Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti choyambirira chikhale chiwonongeko cha ma cell a beta. Kuwonongeka kwa maselo a endocrine kumachitika chifukwa cha ma cell-mediated autoimmune reaction. Kukwiya kotere kwa chitetezo chathupi kumawonekera ndi kufalikira kwa magazi a autoantibodies ku magawo osiyanasiyana.

Ma antibodies nthawi zambiri amapezeka:

• kwa insulin
• glutamate decarboxylase,
• kuwona ma antigen cell a beta,
• to tyrosinophosphatase.

Kwa zaka zambiri, ma autoantibodies amatha kusiya kupezeka m'magazi. Izi ndichifukwa chakuzindikira kwa kutupa kwatsoka.Kukhumudwa kwa mphamvu yodzitetezera kumachepetsedwa osati chifukwa chakumata, koma chifukwa cha kufa kwa pafupifupi maselo onse (maselo a beta).

Mtundu wofala kwambiri wamasokonezo amtundu wa mtima ndi sinus tachycardia, pomwe ma stroko amakwana kupitilira 70. Chidziwitso cha izi ndichakuti zikachitika, kayendedwe ka mtima kamakhala kosasinthika, ndipo chiwerengero chokhacho chimasintha.

Matendawa amakula mu sinus node, pomwe vuto limayamba mwa nthawi yofala kufala kwa kukhululuka. Mtunduwu umapezeka mbali yakumanja kwamtima, poyamba kutulutsa kumakhudza gawo ili chabe, kenako chikopacho chimaperekedwa kudzera munjira yopita kumanzere atrium.

Ngati magwiridwe antchito ya sinus-atrial asokonezeka, ndiye kuti izi zimabweretsa chovuta pamomwe chimayambitsa kuphatikizira kuchokera ku mawonekedwe kupita ku ma ventricles.

Pa ECG, sinus tachycardia imawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

1. Kuthamanga kwamtima kwa 90 pamasekondi 60,
2. kusowa kwa phokoso lanyimbo,
3. kuchuluka kwakanthawi PQ ndi matalikidwe P,
4. zabwino dzino R.

Ngati wodwalayo akuda nkhawa kuti apuma movutikira, kupuma movutikira koteroko kumatchedwa kudzutsa. Zikuwoneka pamene lumen ya trachea ndi bronchi yayikulu imachepetsedwa (mwachitsanzo, mwa odwala mphumu ya bronchial kapena chifukwa cha compression ya bronchus kuchokera kunja - ndi pneumothorax, pleurisy, etc.).

Dyspnea ndi pachimake, subacute, komanso matenda. Ndi kupumira movutikira, munthu amamva zolimba pachifuwa chake. Moyenerera, kuya kwa kudzoza kumawonjezeka, komanso pafupipafupi maulendo opuma (NPV) amakula mpaka 18 kapena kupitiliza mphindi.

Werengani zambiri za matendawa. ZIWANDA

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika a endocrine system, amayamba pomwe kapamba sangatulutse insulin yokwanira (mtundu 1 wa shuga) kapena ngati thupi silingagwiritse ntchito bwino insulin yomwe imatulutsa (mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga).

Insulin ndi mahomoni omwe amawongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Matenda a shuga osagwirizana amachititsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ndi matendawa, mitundu yonse ya kagayidwe imasokonekera, yomwe pakupita nthawi imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa machitidwe ambiri a thupi

Matenda a shuga ndi opatsirana chifukwa amatha “kubisidwa” ngati matenda ena ambiri ndipo amawonekera wodwala akabwera kudzachiza zovuta zina.

Mitundu ya matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga agawidwa m'mitundu iwiri yayikulu: Mtundu 1 ndi mitundu iwiri.

Type 1 shuga mellitus amadziwika ndi insulin yopanga, kutsata insulin tsiku lililonse ndikofunikira. Itha kuwoneka pamtundu uliwonse, ngakhale utabadwa. Mtunduwu umatchedwa wodalira insulin, m'mbuyomu unkadziwikanso kuti wachinyamata kapena wa ana.

Zoyambitsa matenda a shuga 1.

Dyspnea mwa ana

Kuchuluka kwa kupuma mwa ana a mibadwo yosiyana ndi kosiyana. Dyspnea iyenera kukayikiridwa ngati:

• mu mwana 0-6 miyezi kuchuluka kwa kupuma kwamphamvu (NPV) kupitilira mphindi 60,
• mu mwana wa miyezi 6-12, NPV yoposa 50 pamphindi,
• mwa mwana wamkulu kuposa chaka chimodzi cha NPV yoposa 40 pamphindi,
• mwa mwana wamkulu kuposa zaka 5, NPV yatha 25 pamphindi,
• mwa mwana wazaka 10 mpaka 14, NPV imatha 20 pa miniti.

Ndibwino kwambiri kuganizira kayendedwe kakupumira pamene mwana wagona. Dzanja lotentha liyenera kukhazikitsidwa pachifuwa cha mwana ndikuwerengera kuchuluka kwa chifuwa pamphindi 1.

Pakukhumudwa, pakulimbitsa thupi, kulira, ndi kudyetsa, kupuma kumakhala kwabwinoko, komabe, ngati NPV imapitilira muyeso ndikumapuma pang'onopang'ono, muyenera kudziwitsa dotolo za izi.

Mwa ana, kuchuluka kwa kupuma kumakhala kosiyana, kumachepa pang'onopang'ono akamakula.

Mutha kukayika ngati kupuma kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mwana kumachitika ngati kupuma movutikira kwakanthawi kochepa kupitilira izi:

• 0-6 miyezi - 60,
• Miyezi 6 - 1 chaka - 50,
• Zaka 1 - 5 - 40,
• Zaka 5-10 - 25,
• Zaka 10 mpaka 14 - 20.

Kudziwa NPV ndikulimbikitsidwa pamene mwana wagona.Potere, zolakwika zoyezera sizikhala zochepa. Pakudya, komanso pakulimbitsa thupi kapena kukomoka mtima, kuchuluka kwa kupuma kwa mwana kumachulukirachulukira, koma sikuti ndikupatuka. Ndizoyenera kuda nkhawa ngati pafupipafupi mpweya ulibe kubwerera ku ziwerengero zabwinobwino pakupuma mphindi zochepa zikubwerazi.

Mwana akapuma movutikira, ayenera kuwonetsedwa mwachangu kwa dokotala wa ana. Kulephera kwakukulu kupuma kumafunika kuyitanitsa gulu la ambulansi, chifukwa ndiwopseza.

Plisov Vladimir, wowonera zachipatala

Dyspnea mwa amayi apakati

Pa nthawi ya pakati, kupuma ndi mtima dongosolo la mkazi limakumana ndi kuchuluka katundu. Katundu uyu akuchitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magazi ozungulira, kuponderezana kuchokera pansi pa chimbale cha chiberekero chokulirapo (chifukwa chomwe ziwalo za chifuwa chimasokonekera komanso kusuntha kwa kupuma kwake ndi kugunda kwa mtima ndizovuta zina), kufunikira kwa okosijeni osati amayi okha, komanso mwana wosabadwayo yemwe akukula.

Kusintha konseku kwamthupi kumabweretsa kuti azimayi ambiri amakhala ndi kupuma movutikira panthawi yapakati. Kuchuluka kwa kupuma sikudutsa 8-10 pamphindi, kumakhala pafupipafupi pakulimbitsa thupi komanso kupsinjika.

Mimba ikayamba, dyspnea imakulanso. Kuphatikiza apo, amayi oyembekezera nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi, chifukwa cha kufupika kwake kumakulirakulira.

Ngati kupuma kumapitilira ziwerengero zomwe tatchulazi, kufupika sikumadutsa kapena sikuchepa kwambiri pakupuma, mayi wapakati ayenera kufunsa dokotala - obstetrician-gynecologist kapena Therapist.

Pa nthawi ya pakati, kuchuluka kwathunthu kozungulira magazi kumatuluka. Njira yopumira ya mkazi iyenera kupereka ziwiri zokha ndi mpweya nthawi imodzi - mayi wamtsogolo ndi mwana wosabadwayo.

Popeza chiberekero chikukula kwambiri, chimakanikizira pa diaphragm, kwinaku ndikuchepetsa kupuma. Kusintha kumeneku kumapangitsa kupuma pang'ono mwa amayi ambiri apakati.

Mlingo wa kupuma umachulukirachulukira mpaka kupumira kwa 8-10 pamphindi imodzi ndipo kuwonjezera apo ndimakhala ndi nkhawa kapena thupi. Dyspnoea imatha kupita patsogolo pamene khanda limakula, kuwonjezera apo, limakulabe ndi kuchepa kwa magazi, komwe nthawi zambiri kumadziwika mwa amayi oyembekezera.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa kupuma kumapitilira izi pamwambapa, ichi ndi chifukwa chowonetsera chidwi chochulukitsa ndi kukaonana ndi dotolo wazachipatala yemwe akuchititsa pakati.

Zizindikiro ndi matenda amtundu 1 shuga

Kuperewera kwa insulin mwa maselo a endocrine kungayambitse zizindikiro za mtundu 1 wa shuga:

1. Pakamwa pakamwa ndi ludzu lalikulu.
2. Kukoka pafupipafupi, makamaka nthawi yamadzulo ndi m'mawa.
3. Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri.
4. Kuchulukirachulukira, kukhumudwa pafupipafupi, kusinthasintha kwa zochitika, kusinthasintha.
5. Kufooka kwathupi kwamthupi, limodzi ndi njala komanso kuwonda.
6. Omwe akuyimira chiwerewere amakhala ndi matenda opatsirana mwa ukazi, omwe ndi ovuta kuchiza.
7. Mavuto amawonongeka.

Popanda chithandizo choyenera, wodwala angasonyeze zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a ketoacidosis:

1. Kusanza kwambiri komanso kusanza.
2. Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi
3. Fungo lodziwikiratu la acetone kuchokera pamlomo wamkamwa.
4. Kulemera kwa kupuma.
5. Chisokonezo ndi kutayika kwakanthaŵi.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda

Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, munthu amatha kukhala ndi zodandaula zambiri, zomwe zimatengera zaka, kudya, kupsinjika, momwe akukhalira komanso zinthu zina. Nthawi yomweyo, mawonekedwe a wodwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba 1 amakhala amtundu wanthawi zonse kapena wowonda pang'ono.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimawonekera patatha milungu ingapo chitatha kugwira ntchito kapamba, pomwe mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ungabisike ndikudziwulula patadutsa zaka zochepa.

Pansipa pali zizindikiro zazikulu za shuga, mawonekedwe ake omwe amafunikira kupita kukakumana ndi dokotala. Wodwala atha

1. Pakamwa pakamwa ndi ludzu losatopa.
2. Kukodza pafupipafupi.
3. Kuchulukana kwa malovu.
4. Kufooka, kugona, komanso kusakwiya.
5. Kumva njala mosalekeza.
6. Kugwedezeka kapena kumangika m'miyendo ndi mikono.
7. Kutupa kwa malekezero.
8. Kuchuluka msanga kapena kuchepa kwa thupi.
9. Matenda a dongosolo la kugaya chakudya (mseru ndi kusanza).
10. Kufupika kwamphamvu ndi kulimbitsa thupi pang'ono.
11. Khungu lowuma, zotupa, ndi kuyabwa.
12. Kukanika kwa Erectile.
13. Kusamba kwamwamuna.
14. Kuchiritsa kwa bala kwa nthawi yayitali.
15. Kupweteka kwam'mimba.
16. Anachepetsa chitetezo chamthupi.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga - ludzu losalekeza komanso chikhumbo chothandizira kuti muchepetse zosowa zimayenderana ndi vuto la impso. Pamene shuga m'magazi amachuluka, katundu pa chiwalochi nawonso amakulanso.

Pofuna kuchotsa shuga wambiri mthupi, impso zimayamba kutenga madzimadzi kuchokera ku ma cell ndi ma cell, ndikupangitsa mawonekedwe a ludzu komanso kukodza pafupipafupi. Carotid state ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimayimira kusayenda bwino kwa ubongo.

Mu mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga, zizindikiro zowopsa zitha kuyang'anidwanso, kuwonetsa kwake komwe kumafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala chaposachedwa. Uku ndi kununkhira kwa zipatso pamlomo wamkamwa, kukomoka komanso kusokonezeka.

Ngati mupeza chimodzi mwazizindikirozi pamwambapa, muyenera kupita kukayezetsa.

Kupatula apo, kudziwitsani panthawi yake kungayambitse kukulitsa zovuta zoyipa.

Ngati wodwala akuvutika ndi kufooka, kusakwiya, kumva kutopa, nseru, kuchuluka kwa ludzu komanso kuyamwa pafupipafupi, izi ndi zizindikiro zoyambira za matenda amtundu 1.

Nthawi zina odwala amachepetsa msanga thupi, kapena mosinthanitsa amapeza mapaundi owonjezera.

• choyambirira (chofunikira, chibadwa),
• sekondale (pituitary, chithokomiro, steroid),
• shuga ya amayi apakati.

Matenda a shuga amatha kukhala ofatsa, olimbitsa, kapena oopsa. Mwa chikhalidwe cha maphunzirowa, matendawa amagawidwa kukhala wodalira insulin (wachinyamata) kapena wosadalira insulini (matenda ashuga okalamba).

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ziwiya zam'maso ndi impso zowonongeka. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba amasiya kuwona, nthawi zambiri amakhala akhungu. Impso zimawonongeka, ndipo kulephera kwa impso kumayamba. Nthawi zambiri odwala amadandaula za kupweteka kapena kutopa kumiyendo. Izi ndichifukwa choti magazi amayenda ndikusokonekera ndipo mitsempha imakhudzidwa.

Mphumu ya bronchial ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amachititsa kuchepa kwamtundu wa kupuma pomwe ena mwa omwe akwiya nawo akhudzidwa.

Zizindikiro za mphumu zikuphatikizapo:

• Pafupipafupi dyspnea, kuvuta kupuma
• Kuchulukana kwammphuno
• Khola lodziwika bwino lomwe limatulutsa chikaso chaching'ono komanso chamadzimadzi, chomwe chimakula usiku ndi m'mawa
• Mphumu
• Kutuluka mlengalenga
• Kufuula kwapadera kwapfuwa kumayendera limodzi ndi kupuma.

Matenda a shuga ndi amodzi mwa matenda a dongosolo la endocrine, omwe amawonetsedwa ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi chifukwa chopanga insulin ndi kapamba. Matendawa amatenga kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kokwanira ndipo, monga chotulukapo chake, kuwonongeka pakugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zamkati ndi kachitidwe ka anthu.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga:

• Kukodza pafupipafupi
• Dziko lamatupi amthupi
• Kumva ludzu komanso pakamwa pouma
• Kuchuluka Mitsempha ndi Kusakwiya
• Nthawi zambiri zimasinthasintha
• Kutopa ndi kufooka
• Kudzera m'miyendo
• Furunculosis
• Ululu mumtima
• Kuyenda pakhungu m'malo osiyanasiyana, komanso pa crotch
• Kupsinjika kwa magazi
• Kugunda kwamwambo.

Kuzindikira matendawa

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi. Imachitika mu labotale m'mawa pa chopanda kanthu m'mimba. Mwa munthu wathanzi labwino, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachokera 3.9 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L. Mitengo yoposa 7 mmol / L imawonetsa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga.

Mayeso a kulolera a glucose. Imachitika ndi kutolera magazi a venous patatha maola 2 wodwala atamwa madzi otsekemera. Zotsatira zopitilira 11.1 mmol / l zitha kuwonetsa mtundu 1 shuga mellitus.

Kuyesedwa kwa glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kwa miyezi iwiri ndi itatu.

Ngati hyperglycemia (shuga wambiri) wapezeka, dokotala ayenera kudziwa mtundu wa matenda omwe wodwala ali nawo.

Kuti muchite izi, kuwunikira kumachitika pamlingo wa C-peptide ndi ma GAD antibodies pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena mutatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Njira zamakono zamankhwala zimapereka njira zingapo zodziwira mtundu 1 wa matenda a shuga, kutengera kupenda magawo a kagayidwe kamwazi m'magazi.

Kuthamanga mayeso a shuga

Kuchita lendi m'mawa, maola 12 asanafike mayeso, muyenera kukana kudya, kumwa mowa ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyesa kupewa kupsinjika, kumwa mankhwala achipani chachitatu, ndikuchita njira zamankhwala. Kudalirika kwa malembawa kumachepetsedwa kwambiri mwa odwala atachitidwa opaleshoni, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la m'mimba, matenda amitsempha, chiwindi, komanso azimayi omwe ali ndi vuto komanso kugonana koyenera panthawi yakusamba kapena pamaso pa njira yotupa yamatenda osiyanasiyana.

Ndi zizindikiro pamwambapa 5.5 mmol / l, adokotala amatha kudziwa zam'malire a prediabetes. Ndi magawo pamwamba 7mmol / L ndikutsatira mayezo, de facto adatsimikizira matenda ashuga.

Werengani zambiri za kuyesa kwa magazi.

Yesani mayeso

Ndiwowonjezera pa kuyeretsa magazi koyambirira - atatha, wodwalayo amapatsidwa magalamu 75 a shuga pakamwa. Ma sampuli am'magazi a shuga amatengedwa mphindi 30 zilizonse kwa maola awiri.

Kupezeka kwa peas glucose komwe kumapezeka m'magazi ndikutulutsa. Ngati ili mumtunda wa 7.8-11 mmol / l, ndiye kuti dokotala amawona kuphwanya kwa shuga.

Ndi zizindikiro zoposa 11 mmol / l - kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga.

Glycated hemoglobin mayeso

Njira yolondola kwambiri komanso yodalirika ya labotale yothetsera matenda a shuga masiku ano. Zofooka zimatengera zinthu zakunja (zotsatira zake sizikhudzidwa ndi kudya, nthawi ya tsiku, zochita zolimbitsa thupi, mankhwala, matenda, komanso mkhalidwe), zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yomwe imazungulira mu madzi am'magazi omwe amamangika ku glucose.

Chizindikiro pamwambapa 6.5 peresenti ndi umboni wa matenda a shuga.

Mwa zina, podziwonetsetsa bwino, katswiri ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti wodwalayo ali ndi zizindikiro zakunja za matenda ashuga (makamaka, polydipsia ndi polyuria), kupatula matenda ena ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a hyperglycemia, komanso kufotokozeranso mtundu wa nosological wa matenda ashuga.

Pambuyo pochita zonse zomwe tafotokozazi komanso kunena kuti kupezeka kwa shuga kwa wodwala, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira mtundu wa matenda. Chochitika ichi chimachitika poyesa kuchuluka kwa C-peptides m'magazi am'magazi - biomarker iyi imakhala yotulutsa ntchito ya maselo a pancreatic beta ndipo, pamtengo wotsika, imawonetsa mtundu umodzi wa matenda ashuga, momwemonso chikhalidwe chake cha autoimmune.

Dokotala wa ana, othandizira, endocrinologist, akatswiri pazonse komanso akatswiri ena amatha kuzindikira matendawa. Matendawa amatsimikiziridwa ndi anamnesis, kufufuza kwaponseponse, kufufuza kwa labotale.

Mayeso a Hyperglycemia amafunikira:

• kusala shuga m'magazi ndikatha kudya,
• shuga mkodzo
• glycated hemoglobin.

Matenda a shuga amatsimikiziridwa ndi:

• kudya glycemia woposa 6.1 mmol / l, masana - oposa 11.1 mmol / l,
• kuyang'anira kapena kuchuluka kwa glucosuria,
• glycated hemoglobin wambiri kuposa 6.5%.

Gome 2 - Njira zoyesera matenda a shuga ndi zovuta zina za kagayidwe kazakudya (WHO, 1999).

Hyperglycemia imangowonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga. Mtundu wa shuga umatsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso apadera.

Kuzindikira kumaphatikizapo kuzindikira kwa:

• acetonuria
• ketonemia
• acidosis
• magawo otsika a insulin yakale,
• autoantibodies
• chibadwa.

Kuti muyeze mulingo wa insulin, mumakhala chizindikiro cha C-peptide. Mwambiri, C-peptide ndi chinthu chokhazikika kuposa mahomoni. Pulogalamuyi imapangidwa nthawi ya insulin. Hormone ya cell ya beta kwambiri, yomwe imakweza C-peptide kwambiri.

Chifukwa chake, matenda amtundu wa 1 amadziwika ndi:

• kuthamanga shuga pamwamba pa 6.1 mmol / l,
• shuga wa magazi masana pamwamba 11.1 mm / l,
• glycated hemoglobin woposa 6.5%,
• glucosuria
• ketonemia
• ketonuria
• magazi pH wocheperako pochita zolimbitsa thupi (zosakwana 7.35),
• kutsika kwa C-peptide,
• kuchuluka kwa insulin
• kupezeka kwa ma antibodies ena,
• genotype HLA-DR3, HLA-DR4.

Chithandizo ndi kupewa

Vuto lalikulu la kuchiza matenda amphumu m'matenda a shuga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ndi vuto linalake, chifukwa beta-receptor zolimbikitsa mu bronchi ndi systemic corticosteroids zimawonjezera shuga.

Glucocorticosteroids amachulukitsa kuphwanya kwa glycogen ndi mapangidwe a shuga m'chiwindi, betamimetics amachepetsa mphamvu ya insulin. Salbutamol, kuwonjezera pakukula kwa shuga wamagazi, imawonjezera chiopsezo cha zovuta monga matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis. Chithandizo cha Terbutaline chimakweza shuga mwakuchulukitsa kupangika kwa glucagon, womwe ndi wotsutsana ndi insulin.

Odwala omwe amatenga zotsatsira za beta monga inhalation sakhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemia kuposa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a steroid. Ndiosavuta kwa iwo kukhala ndi shuga wokhazikika m'magazi.

Chithandizo ndi kupewa zovuta za mphumu ndi matenda a shuga zimakhazikitsidwa motengera mfundo izi:

1. Kuwonedwa ndi endocrinologist ndi pulmonologist, omwe amaganiza.
2. Zakudya zoyenera komanso kupewa kunenepa kwambiri.
3. Kusungabe zolimbitsa thupi.
4. Kuwongolera kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma steroid.

Kwa odwala ndi mphumu ya bronchial, kusiya kusuta kwathunthu ndikofunikira, popeza izi zimayambitsa pafupipafupi kukomoka ndipo zimayambitsa kuphwanya kwa magazi, vasospasm. Mu shuga mellitus, mu nyengo ya angiopathy, kusuta kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matenda am'mimba, matenda a mtima, chiwonongeko cha impso komanso kulephera kwa aimpso.

Kuti mupeze mankhwala a glucocorticosteroids m'mapiritsi okhala ndi matenda a shuga ndi chifuwa cha bronchial, payenera kukhala ndizowonetsa. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwidwa kwa mphumu pafupipafupi komanso kosalamulirika, kusowa kwa mphamvu kuchokera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ma steroid pakupuma.

Kwa odwala omwe adalembedwa kale kukonzekera kwa glucocorticoid m'mapiritsi kapena amafuna kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, Prednisolone imawonetsedwa osaposa masiku khumi. Kuwerengera mlingo kumachitika pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa thupi patsiku, osaposa 1-2 mg pa kg.

Tsoka ilo, mankhwala amakono sakudziwa momwe mungachiritsire matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba. Matenda amtunduwu amatchedwa kuti amadalira insulin, popeza thupi silipanga timadzi tambiri, liyenera kuperekedwa ndi jakisoni.

Ntchito yayikulu ya wodwalayo ndikubweretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kwa izi, jakisoni wa insulin amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Masiku ano pali ambiri a iwo, pali mitundu ingapo:

1. Kuchita zinthu mwachangu. Imagwira ntchito mphindi 15 pambuyo pa jekeseni ndipo imatha maola 2-5.
2. Wovomerezeka jekeseni. Gwiritsani ntchito mphindi 30 mukatha kutsata, khalani ndi pafupifupi 3-6 maola.
3. Jekeseni wa nthawi yayitali. Amayamba kugwira ntchito maola 2-4, akukhala ndi pafupifupi maola 18.
4. Kuchita insulin nthawi yayitali. Pakangopita maola ochepa amalowa m'magazi a munthu ndipo amagwira ntchito tsiku lonse.

Kwenikweni, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 amapangira jakisoni 3-4 patsiku. Koma nthawi zina, adokotala amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa jakisoni 2 patsiku.

Posachedwa, asayansi akumayiko osiyanasiyana akulimbana ndi vuto la matendawa, kupanga njira zatsopano zamankhwala. Madotolo adayamba kufalitsa ma cell a pancreatic.

Zotsatira za opaleshoni ndizododometsa - 52% ya odwala amasiya mankhwala a insulin, 88% ya odwala akunena kuti shuga yawo yamwazi idatha kutsika mwazonse, ndipo kuukira kwa hypoglycemia kumatha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti njira yolandirayi ndiyabwino kwambiri ndipo posachedwa ifalikira padziko lonse lapansi.

Chithandizo china chosangalatsa ndi katemera wa DNA. Imakulitsa mulingo wa C-peptides m'magazi a anthu, kubwezeretsa ntchito ya maselo a beta.

Mankhwala samayimirira ndipo amafunafuna njira zogonjetsera matenda ashuga amtundu 1. Mwina posachedwa, anthu atha kuchotsa matenda mosavuta monga momwe angathere ndi chimfine wamba.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga ndi matenda oopsa a autoimmune omwe munthu amayenera kukhalapo moyo wake wonse. Mankhwala achikhalidwe amalemba maphikidwe mazana angapo omwe amathandizira kuti athane ndi matendawa, komabe, monga momwe zamakono zamankhwala zimasonyezera, onse amangovulaza zovuta, kusintha mwadongosolo magawo a kagayidwe kazakudya ndikuwapangitsa kukhala osayembekezereka.

Ngati mukusamalira thanzi lanu, tengani jakisoni wa insulin nthawi zonse, kutsatira zakudya zofunika ndikuchita zina zofunika kuti mukhale ndi moyo wapamwamba, ndiye kuti tikukulimbikitsani kuti musagwiritse ntchito njira zamankhwala azikhalidwe zanu

Hormone m'malo mankhwala

Chithandizo chachikulu cha matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba ndi chithandizo chamankhwala. Kukonzekera kwa insulin kunagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba zaka 100 zapitazo.

Mankhwala oyamba anali ochokera ku nyama. Kwa nthawi yayitali, nkhumba ndi bovine insulin zinagwiritsidwa ntchito.

M'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, mankhwalawa adangosinthidwa kwathunthu ndi mitundu yamakono yamankhwala. Endocrinologists padziko lonse lapansi pano akupanga ma insulin opangidwa ndi chibadwa cha anthu ndi ma analogues a mahomoni.

Kuti muthane ndi secretion secretion

• ma insulin apakatikati (ntchito maola 8-16),
• insulin yayitali (ntchito 18-25 maola).

Njira zoterezi zimaperekedwa 1-2 pa tsiku. Mlingo wa mankhwalawa amasankhidwa ndikusinthidwa ndi dokotala.

Kuti muthane ndi katulutsidwe katulutsidwe pogwiritsa ntchito:

• ma insulin achidule (ogwira ntchito maola 6-8),
• ultrashort analogues wa timadzi (ntchito 2-4 maola).

Gome 3 - Kutalika kwa zochita za insulin yomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito (malingaliro osavuta).

Mlingo wa zinthu izi umadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zakonzedwa komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu muzakudya. Dokotala amasankha ma coefficients amodzi a wodwala. Wodwalayo amadzidalira payekha tsiku lililonse pang'onopang'ono, makamaka, ndikuyang'ana pa zomwe madokotala akutsimikiza.

Insulin imayendetsedwa ntchito:

• syringe zotayidwa
• cholembera
• insulin dispensers (pomp).

Nthawi zambiri, timadzi timabowo timalowa mu mafuta ochepetsa mphamvu. Chifukwa cha izi, singano wokhala ndi kutalika kwa 4-12 mm amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi vuto la matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti insulin ikupanda mphamvu. Panthawi imeneyi, timadzi timene timalowa m'magazi a venous.

Chithandizo cha Conservative

Kuphatikiza insulin, mankhwalawa amtundu wa 1 shuga amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. chakudya
2. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi,
3. kudziletsa.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ziyenera kukhala zokwanira pama kalori, osiyanasiyana komanso abwino.Zakudya zoterezi zimayandikira pafupi kwambiri ndi zakudya zolimbitsa thupi (zabwinobwino).

Wodwala ayenera kuchepetsedwa momwe angathere:

• kudya zakudya zosavuta zamagulu (fructose, sucrose, glucose),
• kudya nyama.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matendawa ayenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito zida zoyambira kunyumba. Dokotala wanu amatha kukupatsani mkodzo wa shuga ngati kuli kotheka. Ngati glucose wakwezedwa, jakisoni wa insulin amafunikira pofuna kuchiza matenda amtundu wa shuga. Hormone iyi imagwirizanitsa kagayidwe ndipo imathandiza thupi kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya.

Ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amasamala za momwe angachitire ndi matenda a mtima opaleshoni. Chithandizo chowongolera chimachitika polimbitsa mtima ndi mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala sizinabweretse zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Zisonyezo za opaleshoni ndi:

1. kusintha kwa mtima,
2. Ngati chifuwa chimakhala chowawa nthawi zonse,
3. kutupa
4. arrhasmia,
5. amakayikira mtima
6. pang'onopang'ono angina pectoris.

Kuchita opaleshoni ya mtima kulephera kumaphatikizapo balloon vasodilation. Ndi chithandizo chake, kupendekera kwamtsempha, komwe kumalimbitsa mtima, kumathetsedwa. Panthawi ya ndalamayi, catheter imayikidwa m'mitsempha, pomwe baluni imabweretsa kumalo ovuta.

Coronary aortic stenting nthawi zambiri imachitika ngati ma mesh adalowetsedwa m'mitsempha, omwe amalepheretsa mapangidwe a cholesterol plaques. Ndipo kulumikizana kwa mitsempha yodutsa m'mitsempha yamagetsi kumapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala mwaulere, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri ngozi yobwereranso.

Ngati wodwala matenda a shuga a mtima, chithandizo cha opaleshoni chokhazikitsidwa ndi pacemaker chimasonyezedwa. Chipangizocho chimagwira kusintha kulikonse mu mtima ndikuwakonza nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimachepetsa mwayi wa arrhythmias.

Komabe, musanachite opaleshoni iyi, ndikofunikira kuti pasakhale matenda a shuga, komanso kulipirira shuga. Popeza ngakhale kulowererapo pang'ono (mwachitsanzo, kutsegula thumba, kuchotsedwa kwa misomali), komwe kumachitika pochiza anthu athanzi pamalopo, odwala matenda ashuga amachitidwa kuchipatala cha opaleshoni.

Komanso, asanafike opaleshoni yofunika, odwala omwe ali ndi hyperglycemia amasamutsidwa ku insulin. Pankhaniyi, kuyambitsa insulin yosavuta (3-5 Mlingo) kukuwonetsedwa. Ndipo masana ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse glycosuria ndi shuga wamagazi.

Popeza matenda amtima ndi matenda ashuga ndi malingaliro othandizana, anthu omwe ali ndi glycemia amafunika kuwunika kayendedwe ka mtima. Ndikofunikanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, chifukwa ndi hyperglycemia yayikulu, vuto la mtima likhoza kuchitika, mpaka kumwalira.

Mu kanema mu nkhaniyi, mutu wa matenda a mtima mu shuga akupitilizidwa.

ACE zoletsa mu mtima kulephera mu matenda ashuga. Maphunziro angapo apadziko lonse lapansi amathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito ziletso za ACE zoletsa mtima.

Malinga ndi kusanthula kwa meta kwa maphunziro 34 omaliza a odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima (gawo limodzi la 45% kapena kuchepera) Garg et al. anamaliza kuti kufa kwathunthu ndikugonekedwa kuchipatala chifukwa cha HF kunachepetsedwa kwambiri ndi ACE inhibitor therapy (70). Panali kuchepa kwakukulu kwa ziwonetsero zakufa kwathunthu ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha 0.65 (p

Ndemanga zaposachedwa

Ndimayang'ana KUTHANDIZA NDIPONSO ZOPHUNZITSA. ZATHA! Kupuma pang'ono ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi matenda ambiri. Zoyambitsa zake zazikulu ndi matenda a mtima, mapapu, bronchi ndi kuchepa magazi. Komanso kusowa kwa mpweya komanso kumva kuti wakwanira zingachitike.

Matenda a shuga. Ndi matenda a shuga, kufupika kumalumikizidwa ndi zifukwa zotsatirazi. Chithandizo cha dyspnea. Kuti mumvetsetse momwe mungachepetsere kupumira, muyenera kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa chizindikiro ichi.
Si chinsinsi kuti kupuma movutikira mu mtundu woyamba wa 2 ndi mtundu wa 2 shuga kumawonetsa kukula kwa matenda am'mapapo. Onse mphumu ya bronchial ndi shuga ndi njira zowopsa zomwe zimafuna chithandizo chosankhidwa bwino.
Chithandizo cha mankhwala ndi hematologist. Kufupika kwa mpweya ndi matenda a endocrine system. Anthu omwe akudwala matenda monga thyrotooticosis, kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda a shuga komanso nthawi zambiri amadandaula za kupuma movutikira.
Dyspnea mu shuga angayesedwe ngati chifukwa cha matenda ashuga a shuga. Madokotala omwe luso lawo limaphatikizapo kuchiza matenda ndi kupuma movutikira ndi akatswiri, a mtima, endocrinologist.
Ngati mphumu ya bronchial ilipo, kupuma movutikira kumakhala ngati kukuvutikirani kwakanthawi. . Dyspnea mu matenda a shuga a mellitus- MALANGIZO POPANDA ZONSE!

Ngati matenda a shuga sagwiritsidwa ntchito, amakhudza impso ndipo. Chithandizo cha dyspnea. Osati nthawi zonse ndi matenda awa ayenera kumwa mankhwala.
Kuwonjezeka kowopsa kwa shuga m'magazi ndi acetone mu shuga. . Ndikosatheka kuchiritsa kupumira kwakanthawi popanda chithandizo cha matenda omwe adayambitsa.
The zimachitika kwambiri matenda a mtima kulephera matenda a endocrine dongosolo ndi matenda a shuga. . Kufupika kwa mankhwala - mankhwalawa wowerengeka azitsamba.
matenda a shuga a mellitus, pulmonary vasculitis, kusowa kwa chithandizo chokwanira. Ndi chithandizo choyenera komanso kutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala, kupuma movutikira komanso zizindikiro za kulephera kwa mtima kumatha kutchulidwa pang'ono.
Type 2 matenda a shuga ndi kupuma movutikira. . Ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, kupsinjika kwakukulu 160/90 mm Hg. Ndipo tsopano pali kufupika, makamaka, kumamuzunza iye ataimirira.
Mankhwala, muyenera kulipilira chiwonetsero cha matenda ashuga, chifukwa popanda izi zotsatira zake sizingakhale zokhazikika. Kodi matenda ashuga ndi angina pectoris amalumikizana bwanji?
Kutha kwa mahormone kumapangitsa kukula kwa organic pathologies:
matenda a shuga, kunenepa kwambiri. Chithandizo cha Matendawa a Dyspnea- 100 PERCENT!

Chithandizo chachikulu chimayamba pambuyo podziwonetsa. Koma muyenera kudziwa momwe mungachotsere kufupika, ngati atapezeka mwadzidzidzi.
.Kukonzanso, nthawi yomaliza kuyambitsa furosemide, analgin, diphenhydramine, zidakhala zosavuta. Kodi ndizotheka kupitiliza kutenga furosemide komanso pazomwe Mlingo wa matenda a shuga umachita kapena zomwe mankhwala ena a diuretic angachite kuti musavulaze?

Kulephera kwa mtima

Kulephera kwa mtima ndi mawu omwe akuyenera kumvetsedwa, m'malo mwake, osati matenda enaake amkati, koma kusokonekera kwa mtima komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi matenda ake osiyanasiyana. Zina mwa izo zichitiridwa pansipa.

Kulephera kwa mtima kumadziwika ndi kufupika pakamayenda komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ngati matendawa apita patsogolo, kupuma pafupipafupi kumatha kuchitika, komwe kumangopumula, kuphatikizapo kugona.

Zizindikiro zina zakulephera kwa mtima ndi:

• Kuphatikizika kwa kupuma movutikira ndi kutupa pamiyendo, yomwe imawonekera kwambiri madzulo,
• kupweteka kwakanthawi mumtima, kumva kuwonjezeka kwa mtima ndi zosokoneza,
• khungu la kumapazi, zala ndi zala zakumaso, nsonga ya mphuno ndi khutu.
• kuthamanga kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi,
• kufooka wamba, malaise, kutopa,
• chizungulire pafupipafupi, nthawi zina kukomoka,
• Nthawi zambiri odwala amasokonezedwa ndi chifuwa chowuma, chomwe chimachitika ngati agwidwa (chotchedwa chifuwa chamtima).

Vuto la dyspnea pakulephera kwamtima limachitidwa ndi akatswiri othandiza pamtima. Maphunziro monga kuyezetsa magazi ndi a biochemical ambiri, ECG, ultrasound ya mtima, x-ray ndi kuphatikizika kwa m'matumbo a chifuwa kungayambike.

Chithandizo cha dyspnea mu kulephera kwa mtima zimatsimikiziridwa ndi chikhalidwe cha matenda omwe adayambitsa. Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zamtima, dokotala atha kukupatsirani mtima wa glycosides.
Zambiri Zolephera Mtima

Kufupika ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi: matenda oopsa

Pa matenda oopsa, kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumapangitsa kuti mtima ukhale wambiri, zomwe zimasokoneza ntchito yake yopopa, ndikupangitsa kufupika ndi zina. Popita nthawi, ngati palibe chithandizo, izi zimayambitsa kulephera kwa mtima.

Pamodzi ndi kupuma movutikira komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi, mawonekedwe ena owonetsa matenda oopsa amachitika:

• mutu ndi chizungulire,
• khungu redwalika, kutentha kwa kutentha,
• kuphwanya thanzi: wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto lodana ndi matenda ochepa amakhala wotopa msanga, salola kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso nkhawa zilizonse,
• tinnitus
• "ntchentche pamaso" - kuwunika kwa kuwala kwamtundu,
• kupweteka kwakanthawi.

Kupfupika kwakukulu ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumachitika mu mawonekedwe a kuukiridwa panthawi yamavuto kwambiri - kuchuluka kwambiri kwa magazi. Potere, zonse zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimakonzanso.

Wochiritsa ndi wodwala mtima amatenga nawo mbali pofufuza komanso kuchiza kupuma, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda oopsa. Gawani kuwunika kwa magazi pafupipafupi, kuyesa kwamagazi kwamphamvu, ECG, ma ultrasound a mtima, chifuwa x-ray. Chithandizocho chimakhala chogwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza ndimankhwala omwe amasunga kuthamanga kwa magazi pamlingo wokhazikika.

Pachimake kupweteka kwambiri mumtima ndi kufupika kwa mpweya: kulowetsedwa mwa mtima

Myocardial infaration ndi vuto lowopsa lomwe limapangitsa kuti kufa kwa gawo lina la minofu yamtima. Nthawi yomweyo, mtima umagwira mwachangu komanso mwakuthwa, pali kuphwanya magazi. Popeza minofu imasowa okosijeni, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kupuma movutikira panthawi yovuta kwambiri ya infyo ya myocardial.

Zizindikiro zina za kuphatikizika kwa myocardial ndizodziwika bwino, ndipo zimapangitsa kuzindikira izi mosavuta:
1. Kupuma pang'ono kumaphatikizidwa ndi kupweteka mumtima komwe kumachitika kumbuyo kwa sternum. Ndi wamphamvu kwambiri, amakhala ndi kuboola komanso kuwotcha. Poyamba, wodwalayo angaganize kuti amangokhala ndi vuto la angina pectoris. Koma ululu suchoka mutatenga nitroglycerin kwa mphindi zoposa 5.

2. Thukuta losalala, lozizira, lotupa.
3. Kumverera kosokoneza mu ntchito ya mtima.
4. Mantha mwamantha - zimawoneka ngati wodwala kuti watsala pang'ono kufa.
5. Kutsika kwakuthwa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi chifukwa chakuwonekera kwa kuphwanya kwa mtima.

Ndi kupuma movutikira ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial, wodwala amafunika thandizo ladzidzidzi. Muyenera kuyimbira foni gulu la ambulansi, lomwe lidzalowetse wodwalayo ndi mankhwala amphamvu a ululu ndikupita kuchipatala chachipatala.
Zambiri Ponena za Myocardial infarction

Matenda a Dyspnea

Mu matenda am'mapapo, kupuma movutikira kumatha kukhala chifukwa chododometsa m'mphepete mwa mpweya kapena kuchepa kwa gawo la kupuma kwamapapu.

Kulowera kumtunda kwa kupumira (thupi lachilendo, chotupa, kuchuluka kwa sputum) kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kutulutsa ndikutulutsira mpweya kumapapu, potero kumapangitsa dyspnea yolimbikitsa.

Kuchepetsa lumen kwa magawo omaliza a mtengo wa bronchial - bronchioles, bronchi yaying'ono yokhala ndi edema yotupa kapena kuphipha kwa minofu yawo yosalala kumalepheretsanso kuphipha, kuchititsa kuperewera kwa dyspnea.

Potha kuchepa kwa trachea kapena bronchus yayikulu, dyspnea amaganiza mawonekedwe osakanikirana, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi malire a mbali zonse za kupuma.

Dyspnea imasakanizikanso chifukwa cha kutupa kwa m'mapapo parenchyma (chibayo), atelectasis, chifuwa, Actinomycosis (matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi), silicosis, infarction ya pulmonary kapena compression yochokera kunja ndi mpweya, madzi mu pleural patsekeke (ndi hydrothorax, pneumothorax). Dyspnea wosakanikirana wokwanira mpaka kukhuta umawonedwa ndi pulmonary embolism.Wodwalayo amakhala m'malo mokakamizidwa atakhala m'manja ndi manja. Kubalira mwa kuukira mwadzidzidzi ndi chizindikiro cha mphumu, bronchial kapena mtima.

Ndi kupukutika, kupuma kumakhala kwapamwamba komanso zopweteka, chithunzi chofananacho chimawonedwa ndi kuvulala pachifuwa komanso kutupa kwamitsempha yam'kati, kuwonongeka kwa minofu yopuma (ndi polio, ziwalo, myasthenia gravis).

Kufupika kwa matenda amtima ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino komanso chidziwitso cha matenda. Chomwe chimapangitsa kupuma pang'ono apa ndikufooka kwa ntchito yopukuta kwa chamanzere kwamitsempha yamagazi ndikusunthika kwa magazi m'magazi.

Mwa kupuma pang'ono, munthu akhoza kuwunika kuwuma kwa kulephera kwa mtima. Pachigawo choyamba, kupuma movutikira kumawonekera pakulimbitsa thupi: kukwera masitepe oposa 2-3, kuyenda pansi, motsutsana ndi mphepo, kusuntha mwachangu.

Matendawa akamakula, zimavuta kupuma ngakhale pang'ono, tikamalankhula, kudya, kuyenda modekha, kugona tulo.

Mokulira matendawa, kupuma movutikira kumachitika ngakhale kulimbitsa thupi pang'ono, ndipo chochita chilichonse, monga kutuluka pabedi, kusuntha nyumba, torso, kumakhala ndi kumverera kosowa kwa mpweya. Pamapeto omaliza, kupuma movutikira kulipo komanso kupuma kwathunthu.

Mavuto amtundu wa kupuma movutikira, kupuma komwe kumachitika pambuyo pa kupsinjika kwa thupi, m'maganizo kapena mwadzidzidzi, nthawi zambiri usiku, kugona. Wodwala amakhala m'malo mokakamizidwa.

Kupuma kumakhala kaphokoso, kuwulutsa, kumveka patali.

Kutulutsidwa kwa thonje lonyansa kumawonedwa, komwe kumawonetsa kuyambika kwa pulmonary edema, ndi maliseche amiseche, kutenga nawo gawo kwamathandizo othandizira kupuma, kudziwikirana kwa malo okhala ndi pakati ndikuwonekera.

Kuphatikiza apo, kupuma movutikira kuphatikiza ndi kupweteka pachifuwa, palpitations, kusokonezeka kwa ntchito ya mtima kumatha kukhala chizindikiro cha infarction yanyengo ya myocardial, kusokonezeka kwa miyendo (paroxysmal tachycardia, atration fibrillation) ndipo chifukwa cha kuchepa kwambiri kwa ntchito ya mtima, kuchepa kwa mafuta ndi kuperewera kwa okosijeni kuzinthu komanso ziwalo.

Gulu la matenda amwazi, chimodzi mwazizindikiro zomwe ndi kupuma movutikira, zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa magazi ndi matenda a m'magazi (chotupa).

Onsewa amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa hemoglobin komanso maselo ofiira am'magazi, gawo lalikulu lomwe kunyamula ndi mpweya. Momwemo, mpweya wa ziwalo ndi minofu imamipira.

Kuchita kwakubweza kumachitika, pafupipafupi ndi kupumira kumawonjezeka - potero thupi limayamba kudya mpweya wambiri kuchokera kumalo okhala panthawi imodzi.

Njira yosavuta kwambiri komanso yodalirika yodziwira zinthu izi ndi kuyezetsa magazi konse.

Gulu lina ndi endocrine (thyrotooticosis, shuga mellitus) ndi matenda okhudzana ndi mahomoni (kunenepa kwambiri).

Ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, chithokomiro chamafuta chimapangidwa, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe njira zonse za metabolic zimathandizira, metabolism ndi kumwa kwa okosijeni zimachuluka.

Pano, kupuma movutikira, monga kuchepa kwa magazi, kumabweza zachilengedwe.

Kuphatikiza apo, milingo yayikulu ya T3, T4 imathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa mtima, ndikupangitsa kusokonezeka kwa miyambo monga paroxysmal tachycardia, fibrillation ya atria ndi zotsatira zomwe tafotokozazi.

Dyspnea mu shuga mellitus imatha kuganiziridwa ngati chifukwa cha matenda ashuga a shuga, zomwe zimayambitsa kuphwanya kwa trophism, kuperewera kwa mpweya wa maselo ndi minofu. Ulalo wachiwiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso - matenda ashuga nephropathy. Impso zimatulutsa chifukwa cha hematopoiesis - erythropoietin, ndipo kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kumachitika.

Ndi kunenepa kwambiri, chifukwa chakuwoneka kwa minofu ya adipose mkati mwa ziwalo zamkati, ntchito yamtima ndi mapapu ndizovuta, kuyenda kwa diaphragm kumakhala kochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, kunenepa kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi atherosulinosis, matenda oopsa, izi zimaphatikizanso kuphwanya kwa ntchito yawo komanso kupezeka kwa kufupika.

Kufupika kwapang'onopang'ono mpaka pamlingo wakwanitsa kutha kuwonedwa ndi ma poizoni osiyanasiyana. Kupanga kwake kwa kukula kumaphatikizapo kuwonjezeka kwa kupumira kwa mtima kwa khoma la microcirculatory komanso poyizoni wa pulmonary edema, komanso kuwonongeka mwachindunji kwa mtima ndi kusokonekera kwa ntchito ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi.

Kufupika kwamankhwala othandizira kupuma

Ndikosatheka kuthetsa kufupika popanda kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa, kukhazikitsa matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa chake. Kwa digiri iliyonse ya dyspnea, kuti mupeze thandizo panthawi yake komanso kupewa zovuta, muyenera kuwona dokotala. Madokotala omwe luso lawo limaphatikizapo kuchiza matenda ndi kupuma movutikira ndi akatswiri, a mtima, endocrinologist.

Akatswiri azachipatala cha AVENUE azoyankha mwatsatanetsatane komanso mwamafomu mafunso onse okhudzana ndi vuto lanu ndipo azichita zonse kuti athetse.

wazachipatala, wamtima wa MC Avenue-Alexandrovka

Zhornikov Denis Alexandrovich.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi 1

Kuchita izo bwino kwambiri. Manja azigwiritsa ntchito kuti munthu awone manja ake otseguka. Chotsatira, muyenera kupumula mwamphamvu komanso mwamphamvu, ndikuwongolera nthawi yomweyo manja. Kenako mwachangu ndikuwuzani nkhonya zanu. Njira imodzi - maulendo 8. Phunziro limodzi, ndikofunikira kuchita njira 5-6. Mutha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kupuma kangapo patsiku.

Mitundu ingapo yofupika yomwe imadziwika ndi mankhwala

Mitundu yonse ya dyspnea imagawidwa makamaka pachimake komanso chovuta. Kupuma movutikira kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, modzidzimutsa, pomwe wodwalayo amadzimva kuti alibe mpweya komanso akumva zolimba pachifuwa.

Wokhudzidwayo amavutika ndi mpweya kuchokera pachifuwa, chifukwa choti kupuma kofulumira kumatha kufikira ka 18-20 pamphindi.

Vutoli limachitika motsutsana ndi maziko azovuta zam'mimba - chibayo, kulephera kwamitsempha yamanzere, mphumu ya bronchi, kuthamanga kwamapapu, ndipo ngati simupereka chithandizo chamankhwala kwa munthu kwa nthawi, zimamupangitsa kumangidwa.

Njira yodwala nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi dyspnea yamtima, imakhalapo nthawi zonse kwa wodwala, koma poyamba siyolimba kwambiri mpaka kubweretsa nkhawa. Kupuma kumachitika pang'ono, koma ndikotheka, ndipo mpweya umalowa m'thupi, ngakhale osakwanira.

Ngati kawirikawiri munthu samalabadira kupuma kwake osazindikira, ndiye panthawi yofupika, komanso pakulimbitsa thupi kwambiri, kupumira komanso kuzama kwa kupuma kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi ziwalo ndi kusakwanira kwake motsutsana ndi maziko awa.

Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu itatu ya dyspnea imadziwika - yolimbikitsa, yotulutsa ndi kusakaniza.

Poyamba, wodwalayo amavutika kupuma, amakhala ndi kufinya kwa bronchi ndi trachea, mphumu, lomwe limatupa pachimake.

Dyspnea ya expiratory imachitika munthu akakhala ovuta kutuluka ngati amachepetsa lumen ya bronchi yaying'ono yokhala ndi emphysema kapena matenda osachiritsika.

Dyspnea yosakanikirana imapangidwa chifukwa cha mapangidwe apamwamba am'mapapu ndi kulephera mtima. Ndi matenda awa, ndikovuta kuti munthu apume yonse.

Kuphatikiza pa mitundu ya kupuma movutikira, madigiri ake amadziwika:

• zero, yomwe imangowoneka chifukwa cha zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi (zabwinobwino),
• Choyamba, chophweka: pomwe munthu akupuma akasokonezeka akathamanga, kuyenda mwachangu, kukwera mmwamba,
• chachiwiri (chapakati): dyspnea imawonekera pamagulu oyenda,
• Chachitatu, kufupika kwakumapeto, munthu akakakamizidwa nthawi zonse kuti ayime, chifukwa alibe mpweya wokwanira.
• digiri yachinayi, kupuma kumasokonezedwa ngakhale ndikuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri komanso kupuma.

Zimayambitsa maonekedwe a matenda

Zinthu zonse zatsatanetsatane zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa dyspnea amapanga magulu akuluakulu anayi:

• matenda a mtima ndi mtsempha wamagazi, makamaka, kulephera kwa mtima,
• kulephera kupuma
• kagayidwe kazakudya ndi kunenepa kwambiri,
• Hyperventilation matenda am'mapapo.

Mavuto a m'mapapu amatha kukhala ngati ma pathologies am'mapapo am'mimba, kupatsira zotupa za parenchyma, kuchepa kwa kutsekeka kwa bronchial, minofu pathologies. Hyperventilation syndrome imatha kukhazikika motsutsana ndi mtundu wa mitsempha ina, komanso neurocircular dystonia.

Matenda a mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi kuyambitsa kupuma movutikira

Zomwe zimayambitsa dyspnea mwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima ndi chikhalidwe cha kuchuluka kwa nkhawa m'mitsempha yomwe imapereka chakudya kwa minofu ya myocardial. Matendawa akamakula, kupuma movutikira kumawonjezereka, kuyambira woyamba mpaka digiri yachinayi, pamene kuphwanya kumadziwika ngakhale kupuma popuma.

Mitundu ikuluikulu ya kuvulala kwamtima imapereka dyspnea ya paroxysmal, ndiko kuti, wodwala mwadzidzidzi amadwala matenda obanika kukomoka usiku kugona. Matendawa amatchedwa mphumu wamtima, chifukwa cha kumbuyo kwake kumawonekera kuzimiririka kwamadzi m'mapapu. Kupweteka kwakuthwa kungakhalepo pachifuwa; wodwalayo amakhala ndi vuto la mtima mofulumira.

Kulephera kwa kupumira komanso dyspnea

Izi pathologies, ndizogwirizana, mwachindunji. Kupuma pang'ono, komwe kumayamba chifukwa cha kupuma, nthawi zambiri kumakhala koopsa, kumatha miyezi yambiri. Amadziwika ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osapatsika a m'mapapo, momwe amachepera lumen ya kupuma, ndipo sputum imadziunjikira.

Munthu amapuma pang'ono, kenako amapumira movutikira ndi phokoso komanso kupindika. Mofananamo, chifuwa chonyowa kapena chouma chimachitika, kumaliseche kwa viscous, wandiweyani thonje.

Ndikotheka kubweretsa kupuma mwanjira yabwinobwino pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a bronchodilator, komabe, sizotheka nthawi zonse kuyimitsa izi motere, chifukwa chomwe wodwalayo akumva chizungulire, ndipo atha kuzindikira.

Ndi bronchitis pachimake, komanso chibayo chopanda matenda, kuuma kwa dyspnea kumadalira kukula kwa kuwonongeka kwa munthuyo. Chibayo champhamvu chokhala ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa thupi nthawi zambiri chimayambitsa kulephera kwa mtima ndikumverera kufooka, kupweteka mumtima, pomwe kupuma movutikira kumayamba. Mkhalidwe wodwala wonsewo umafuna kuti agonekere kuchipatala mwachangu.

Kuphatikiza apo, maonekedwe a kufupika ndi kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kungawonetse kukula kwa ma neoplasms mu minofu yamapapu, ndipo kukula kwa chotupacho kumakula, dyspnea yotchulidwa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa kupuma movutikira, wodwalayo amakhala ndi chifuwa chowuma chamtundu wina wosasintha, nthawi zina - hemoptysis, kufooka kwathunthu, kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi, kutopa kwambiri.

Mavuto owopsa kwa munthu pomwe kupuma movutikira kungakhalepo ndi poizoni wam'mapapo mwanga, kutsekeka kwa mpweya, komanso pulmonary thromboembolism.

Thromboembolism ndi chotupa cha ma lumen omwe amapezeka m'magazi; chifukwa, gawo lina la chiwalocho silingatenge nawo gawo la kupuma.

Matendawa amakula pang'onopang'ono, munthu wokhudzidwayo amakhala ndi zodandaula za kupweteka pachifuwa, kumverera kwathina, hemoptysis.

Kulepheretsa kwakanthawi kumayamba chifukwa cha kupindika kwa bronchi kapena trachea, mwachitsanzo, matupi achilendo atalowa m'mapapu, ndi goiter, zotupa ndi aortic aneurysm. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kupangika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa mawonekedwe a kupuma, chifukwa cha matenda a autoimmune omwe ali ndi kutupa.

Vuto la poizoni ya m'mapapo limayamba chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zinthu zopweteka kapena zamkati mwa kupumira thirakiti, komanso matenda opatsirana a thupi ndi kuledzera kwodziwikiratu. Kupuma pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kumadutsa pakukwanira, kufinya ndi kumva mawu akupuma. Pankhaniyi, munthuyo akufunika thandizo la kuchipatala.

Mafomu amakanika kupumira pneumothorax.Ngati munthu ali ndi bala lolowera pachifuwa, pomwe mpweya umalowa mkati mwa patsekeke, amaika mphamvu m'mapapo ndipo amamulepheretsa kuwongola pakamapuma.

Dyspnea ikhoza kukhalanso chizindikiro cha matenda monga chifuwa chachikulu, actinomycosis, emphysema.

Chifukwa chomwe dyspnea imawonekera ndi zovuta za metabolic

Chifukwa chodziwika bwino cha kupangika kwa dyspnea ndi magazi m'thupi, kapena magazi m'thupi. M'magazi, kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi kumachepa, kapena zomwe hemoglobin, zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa mpweya m'maselo onse, zimachepa. Thupi likuyesera kulimbitsa thupi lomwe limapangidwa motsutsana ndi maziko awa, chifukwa chomwe kuphatikizira ndi kupumira kumawonjezereka.

Matendawa amathanso kuchitika chifukwa cha zovuta za metabolic, kusowa kwachitsulo mthupi, kutayika komanso matenda amwazi. Odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli amavutitsidwa ndi kupweteka kwa mutu, kuchepa mphamvu, kufooka, kulephera kudya komanso thukuta.

Komanso dyspnea imatha kukhala ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, chithokomiro, komanso kunenepa kwambiri. Poyamba, kufalikira kwa matendawa kumakhudza mitsempha ya magazi, yomwe imayambitsa kuperewera kwa mpweya m'thupi.

Ndi thyrotooticosis, wodwalayo amakhala ndi mathamangitsidwe a metabolism, motero, kufunika kwa mpweya kumawonjezeka, pafupipafupi ma contract a myocardial amawonjezeka, hypoxia imawoneka.

Kunenepa kwambiri kumapangitsa ntchito ya ziwalo zamkati, zomwe zimayambitsa kuperewera kwa oxygen.

Momwe shuga ndi angina pectoris amathandizira komanso amathandizidwa limodzi

Chimodzi mwamagetsi omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi matenda a metabolic m'thupi chifukwa cha matenda ashuga. Matendawa, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin, zomwe zimakhala zamafuta atherogenic m'magazi zimatuluka.

Zithunzi za chipatala cha angina pectoris yolimbana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo zimaphatikizapo kukula kwapafupipafupi kwa mitundu yopweteka ya coronary pathology, kupita patsogolo kwazizindikiro, kuthekera kwakukulu kwa kulowerera kwa myocardial ndi zovuta zake. Mankhwala, muyenera kulipilira chiwonetsero cha matenda ashuga, chifukwa popanda izi zotsatira zake sizingakhale zokhazikika.

Kodi matenda ashuga ndi angina pectoris amalumikizana bwanji?

Chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a mtima ndi matenda a mtima sichidziwika kokha mu mellitus wowona, komanso mwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la glucose, ndiko kuti, panthawi ya matenda asanafike. Cholinga chakuwonetsedweratu uku ndi gawo la insulin machitidwe a metabolic. Kuperewera kwa mahomoniwa kumabweretsa zotsatirazi:

• minofu yamafuta imawonongeka, ndipo mafuta achilengedwe amalowa m'magazi,
• imawonjezera mapangidwe a cholesterol m'chiwindi,
• m'magazi, chiŵerengero chapakati pa otsika ndi okwera lipoprotein chimaphwanyidwa,
• Mwazi umakhala wonenepa, womwe umakwiyitsa mapangidwe azigazi m'mitsempha,
• shuga wambiri amayesa kumanga kwa hemoglobin, izi zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mpweya m'matupi, kuphatikizapo myocardium.

Vutoli limachitika ndi chofooka cha insulin receptors. Chifukwa chake, m'magazi mumakhala zokwanira, ndipo nthawi zina zopitilira muyeso, koma sizingathandize maselo kuphatikiza shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, kumasulidwa kwa insulin antagonists kumalimbikitsa makulidwe a khoma lamitsempha ndikulowetsa cholesterol mkati mwake.

Tikupangira kuwerenga nkhani yofupika ndi angina pectoris. Kuchokera pamenepo muphunzira za zoyambitsa mawonekedwe a matenda, kufupika ngati mawonekedwe a kulephera kwa mtima.

Ndipo pali zambiri za chithandizo cha angina pectoris.

Kodi chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri kwa mtima ndi chiani?

Hyperglycemia (shuga yayikulu) m'magazi a shuga imabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zamkati, imakhala pachiwopsezo cholumikizidwa ndi zigawo za atherosulinotic. Magazi osokonezeka amayenda m'mitsempha yayikulu komanso yaying'ono.

Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amavutika ndi kusintha kosiyanasiyana m'matumbo a coronary, chifukwa amakhala ochulukirapo, ndipo kukula kwawo kumakhala kovuta. Kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi ndi matenda a shuga a myocardiopathy amathandizira chithunzithunzi.

Kuopsa kwa kuwonongeka kwa angina ndi kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 ndiwokwera kawiri kuposa zomwe anzawo amachita, ndipo chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima chikuwonjezeka kasanu.

A mawonekedwe a chitukuko cha myocardial ischemia ndi asymptomatic maphunziro. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa gawo la mitsempha ya mtima. Chifukwa cha izi, Zizindikiro zake zimachitika ndimatenda omwe apita kale. Mwanjira imeneyi, zizindikiro zosadziwika mwatsatanetsatane zimadziwika zomwe zimatengedwa kuti ndi zofanana ndi vuto lodana ndi zowawa:

• kufooka wamba
• thukuta
• kuthamanga kwa magazi,
• magawo a zovuta kupuma komanso kugunda kwamtima wamphamvu panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi,
• Kusokoneza ntchito ya mtima.

Maonekedwe a zizindikilo zoterezi ndi omwe angapangitse kuti adziwe zambiri. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndidziwe zovuta za mitundu iyi ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga:

• ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi
• onenepa kwambiri
• atakwanitsa zaka 45
• mutazindikira kuti cholesterol yapamwamba kwambiri, ma triglycerides, mafuta ochepa osalimba m'magazi,
• akuvutika ndi minyewa yam'munsi yam'mimba, retinopathy ndi nephropathy,
• osuta
• kumakhala moyo wongokhala.

Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti pafupifupi theka la odwala awa amawonetsa matenda a coronary, ngakhale pakalibe zizindikiro zake. Chiwopsezo cha kupweteka kopanda myocardial ischemia imakulanso ndikukula kwa vuto la mtima.

Amadziwika ndi dera lalikulu, kulowa mkati mwakuya konsekonse ka minofu ya mtima, kusokonezeka pafupipafupi mu mawonekedwe a aneurysm, kupasuka kwa mtima, kovuta kuchitira kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha komanso kubwezeretsedwa kwakukulu kwa magazi.

Kuzindikira matenda oyamba m'magawo oyamba kumathandizira kuti odwala azitalikitsa. Popeza kumapeto kwa nthawi yamatenda oyamba a matenda ashuga, ayenera kuonedwa ngati odwala omwe angakhale ndi vuto la mtima, chifukwa chake, pakalibe umboni wowonekera, kuyesedwa kwa nkhawa kumawonetsedwa pa ECG kapena ultrasound ya mtima, MRI ndi CT, angiography.

Zomwe muyenera kuchitira poyambira ndi momwe

Kupambana kwa mankhwalawa kwa matenda amitsempha yama mtima kwa odwala matenda ashuga kwathunthu kumatengera momwe zingatheke kulipira chiwonetsero cha matenda a shuga mothandizidwa ndi zakudya komanso mankhwala.

Nthawi yomweyo, kwa myocardium, shuga wochepa wamwazi amakhala woopsa kwambiri.

Njira zoyenera kulipira anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndi glycemia pamlingo wa 5.3 - 7.7 mmol / L. Ngati wodwala ali ndi insulin, ndiye kuti mlingo wake kapena pafupipafupi wa makonzedwe amayenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti akwaniritse zomwe akufuna kuchita ndi shuga.

Kuipa kwambiri kwa matenda a ischemic, arrhythmia, kusakhazikika kwa angina ndi kulephera kwa magazi kumakhala chisonyezo chosamutsa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 kukonzekera insulin.

Amatha kutumikiridwa pamodzi ndi mapiritsi, kapena wodwalayo amatha kusintha njira yolimbikitsira ya insulin.

Kuphatikiza pakukhazikitsa shuga m'magazi pazisonyezo zapafupi, njira yothandizira odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi angina pectoris ndi arrhythmia imaphatikizanso magawo otsatirawa:

• kusungabe kuthamanga kwa magazi kosaposa 130/80 mm RT. Art.
• kuchuluka kwa kugunda kwa mtima komanso kubwezeretsa mtundu wa sinus,
• kutsitsa cholesterol yamagazi,
• Kubwezeretsa ntchito zokwanira
• thrombosis prophylaxis,
• Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala kuti muwonjezere ziwiya zamagulu ndi ma antioxidants,
• kuchotsa kwa mawonekedwe a kulephera kwa mtima.

Kupewa Kangozi

Popeza kufa pakati pa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga mellitus mu kuchuluka kwa milandu kumalumikizidwa ndi kufalikira kwa ubongo kapena matenda ammatumbo, kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha kuyambika ndi kupitilira kwa matenda amitsempha, ayenera kutsatira malangizo a endocrinologist.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, kukula kwa zovuta, kuphatikizapo angio- ndi mtima, kumalumikizidwa ndi kutsatira mankhwalawa komanso zakudya zoyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zonsezi ndizofanana. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti kudya kwamtengo wotsika kwambiri sikuti kumangothandiza kuwongolera njira ya shuga, komanso kumateteza mitsempha ya magazi kuti isinthe mwadzidzidzi m'magazi a shuga.

Malamulo oyambira pazakudya zamagulu a angina pectoris ndi matenda a shuga ndi awa:

• kupatula mafuta osavuta - shuga ndi ufa, zinthu zonse zomwe zili nazo,
• kukana nyama yamafuta, nsomba, offal, mafuta ophika, batala, tchizi mafuta ophikira, zonona ndi wowawasa zonona,
• kuphatikiza mokwanira zamasamba atsopano, zipatso zopanda zipatso, zipatso,
• mukamalemba zakudya, muyenera kuganizira mndandanda wazogulitsa (osapitirira 55),
• ngati pali kulemera kwambiri, onetsetsani kuti mumachepetsa calorie kudya ndikutha masiku osala.

Chitsogozo chofunikira popewa matenda am'mimba chimachotsedwa m'thupi. Mlingo wake wocheperako umawerengeredwa nthawi yonse ya mphindi 150 pa sabata. Izi zitha kuyenda pamtunda wambiri, kusambira, masewera olimbitsa thupi, masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Timalimbikitsa kuwerenga nkhani yochepetsa kuukira kwa angina. Kuchokera pamenepo muphunzira za angina okhazikika ndi kukoka kwake, mitundu ya matenda, ndi zifukwa zina zowawa kumbuyo kwa sternum.

Ndipo izi ndizambiri za kubaluka kwa myocardial mu shuga.

Angina pectoris mu shuga ali ndi maphunziro aposachedwa komanso kupita patsogolo mwachangu. Chifukwa cha zovuta za kusungidwa kwa magazi ndi kayendedwe ka magazi, sipangakhale vuto lililonse mu minofu ya mtima. Chifukwa chake, matenda am'mitsempha yama coronary amapezeka pa gawo la kusintha kwa zotengera zama coronary.

Kuti muzindikire molondola komanso posachedwa, kuyezetsa kokwanira pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso opsinjika kumafunikira. Chithandizo cha odwala oterowo chimaphatikizira kulipiritsa matenda a shuga, kukhalabe ndi zovuta, cholesterol m'magazi, ndikuwonetsa njira zomwe zikuyimira.

Kufupika kwamphamvu ndi palpitations ndi paroxysmal tachycardia

Paroxysmal tachycardia ndimkhalidwe womwe mpweya wabwino wabwinobwino umasokonekera, ndipo umayamba kugwidwa kawirikawiri kuposa momwe umayenera kukhalira. Nthawi yomweyo, samapereka mphamvu yokwanira yotumikirana ndi magazi enieni kumankhwala ndi ziwalo. Wodwalayo amadziwa kupuma movutikira komanso kuchuluka kwa mtima, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumatengera kutalika kwa tachycardia, komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe akusokonezeka.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati kugunda kwamtima sikupitirira kugunda kwapakati pa 180 pamphindi, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amatha kulekerera kwathunthu tachycardia kwa masabata awiri, pomwe amangodandaula za kumenyedwa kwamtima kwambiri. Pa pafupipafupi kwambiri, pamakhala madandaulo a kupuma movutikira.

Ngati kulephera kwa kupuma kumachitika chifukwa cha tachycardia, ndiye kuti kusokonezeka kwa mtima uku kumadziwika mosavuta pambuyo pa electrocardiography. M'tsogolomu, adotolo ayenera kuzindikira matenda omwe adayambitsa matendawa. Mankhwala othandizira antihostic ndi ena.

Pulmonary edema

Pulmonary edema ndi pachimake pathological chikhalidwe chomwe chimayamba ndi vuto la kumanzere kwamitsempha yamagazi. Choyamba, wodwalayo amadzimva kupuma movutikira, komwe kumadzakhala kukokoloka. Kupuma kwake kumakuwa, ndikumveka. Kutali, kugudubuza kumveka kuchokera kumapapu. Kukhosakhota konyowa kumawoneka pomwe nthumbu zowoneka bwino kapena zamadzi zimatuluka m'mapapu. Wodwala amatembenukira buluu, kukhathamira kumayamba.

Pazifupi kupuma komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi edema ya m'mapapo, chithandizo chamankhwala chofunikira chikufunika.

Pulmonary dyspnea

Kupuma pang'ono ndi chizindikiro cha bronchitis - chotupa cha bronchi chotupa. Kutupa kumatha kutulutsidwa mu bronchus yayikulu, komanso yaying'ono, ndi bronchioles, yomwe imadutsa mwachindunji m'matumbo a m'mapapu (matendawa amatchedwa bronchiolitis).

Kupuma pang'ono kumachitika mu bronchitis yovuta komanso yovuta. Njira ndi zizindikiro za mitundu iyi yamatenda zimasiyana:
1.Pachimake bronchitis ili ndi zizindikiro zonse za matenda opatsirana oyipa kwambiri. Thupi la wodwalayo limadzuka, mphuno yam'mimba, zilonda zapakhosi, chifuwa chowuma kapena chonyowa, kuphwanya chikhalidwe chake. Chithandizo cha kupuma movutikira ndi bronchitis kumaphatikizapo kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala antiviral ndi antibacterial, expectorant, bronchodilators (kukulitsa lumen ya bronchi).
2.Matenda a bronchitis kumatha kubweretsa kupumira kwakanthawi, kapena magawo ake mwanjira yowonjezera. Matendawa samayambitsidwa nthawi zonse ndi matenda: amachititsa mkwiyo wautali wa bronchial wokhala ndi ma allergen osiyanasiyana komanso mankhwala oyipa, utsi wa fodya. Chithandizo cha matenda a bronchitis nthawi zambiri chimatenga nthawi yayitali.

Mu bronchitis yolepheretsa, mpweya wotulutsa mpweya (exysatory dyspnea) umadziwika kwambiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha magulu atatu a zifukwa zomwe dotolo amayesa kumenyera pakumwa:

Matenda Olepheretsa Pulmonary matenda (COPD)

COPD ndi lingaliro lotakata lomwe nthawi zina limasokonezeka ndi bronchitis, koma kwenikweni sizofanana ndendende. Matenda oletsa kupuma a m'mapapo amaimira gulu lodziyimira la matenda omwe amayenda limodzi ndi kufinya kwa mawonekedwe a bronchi, ndikuwonetsa kufupika ngati chizindikiro chachikulu.

Dyspnea wosasintha mu COPD imachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwa lumen ya thirakiti la kupuma, komwe kumachitika chifukwa chokwiyitsa zinthu zovulaza pa iwo. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka mwa osuta kwambiri komanso anthu omwe akuchita ntchito yowopsa.
Mu matenda opewetsa m'mapapo mwanga, zotsatirazi ndi zodziwika bwino:

• Njira yochepetsera bronchi sichingasinthike: imatha kuyimitsidwa ndikuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala, koma ndizosatheka kusintha.
• Kutsekedwa kwa misewu ndipo, chifukwa chake, kufupika, kumakulirakulira.
• Dyspnea makamaka imadziwika kuti imatuluka: bronchi yaying'ono ndi bronchioles amakhudzidwa. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amalowetsa mpweya mosavuta, koma amamuwonjezera pa zovuta.
• Dyspnea mwa odwala amaphatikizidwa ndi chifuwa chonyowa, pomwe sputum imachoka.

Ngati kupuma movutikira sikupezeka konsekonse, ndipo pali kukayikira kwa COPD, wothandizira kapena wa pulmonologist amasankha wodwalayo kuti amuunikire, zomwe zimaphatikizapo spirography (kuwunika kwa kupuma kwamapapu), chifuwa cha x-ray kutsogolo ndi mbali zam'tsogolo, kuyesedwa kwa sputum.

Chithandizo cha dyspnea ku COPD ndichinthu chovuta komanso chotalika. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amabweretsa kulumala kwa wodwala, komanso kulephera kwawo.
Zambiri pa COPD

Chibayo ndi matenda opatsirana omwe minyewa ya m'mapapo imayamba. Kupuma pang'ono ndi zizindikiro zina zimachitika, kuuma kwa zomwe zimatengera tizilomboti, kuchuluka kwa chotupa, kuphatikizika kwa mapapu amodzi kapena onse awiri pakukonzekera.
Kufupika kwa mpweya ndi chibayo kumaphatikizika ndi zizindikiro zina:
1. Nthawi zambiri matendawa amayamba ndi kuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa kutentha. Chimawoneka ngati kachilombo koyambitsa matenda opumira kwambiri. Wodwalayo akumva kuwonongeka kwakukulu.
2. Kukhazikika kwamphamvu kumadziwika, komwe kumatsogolera kumasula kwa mafinya ambiri.
3. Kupuma pang'ono ndi chibayo kumadziwika kuyambira pachiyambi cha matenda, kusakanikirana, ndiye kuti, wodwalayo amavutika kupumira mkati ndi kunja.
4. Pallor, nthawi zina imamveka khungu.
5. Ululu pachifuwa, makamaka m'malo omwe malo a pathological amayang'ana.
6. Muzovuta kwambiri, chibayo nthawi zambiri chimakhala chovuta chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mtima, zomwe zimapangitsa kupuma movutikira komanso kuwonekera kwa zizindikiro zina.

Ngati mukupuma movutikira, kutsokomola ndi zizindikiro zina za chibayo, muyenera kufunsa dokotala posachedwa.Ngati chithandizo sichinayambike m'maola 8 oyambilira, ndiye kuti kudwala kwa wodwala kumakulirakulira, mpaka kufa. Njira yayikulu yodziwitsira kufupika kwa mpweya chifukwa cha chibayo ndi chifuwa cha X-ray. Ma antibacterial ndi mankhwala ena ndi omwe amapatsidwa.

Zotupa

Kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa kupuma pang'ono mu zotupa zoyipa koyambirira kumakhala kovuta. Njira zophunzitsira kwambiri ndi radiography, compact tomography, zotupa zamagazi (zinthu zapadera zomwe zimapanga thupi pakakhala chotupa), sputum cytology, bronchoscopy.

Kuchiza kungaphatikizepo kulowererapo kwa opaleshoni, kugwiritsa ntchito cytostatics, radiation therapy ndi zina, njira zina zamakono.

Kuchepa mphamvu ndi kufupika kwa thupi pakuchita thupi: kuchepa magazi

Anemia (anemia) ndi gulu la ma pathologies omwe amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa zomwe zili m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi hemoglobin m'magazi. Zomwe zimayambitsa magazi m'thupi zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi kungachepe chifukwa cha zovuta zobadwa mwatsopano, matenda ndi matenda akulu, zotupa zamagazi (leukemia), kutulutsa magazi kwakanthawi chifukwa cha matenda amkati.

Mitsempha yonse imakhala ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana: chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi, mpweya wochepa umaperekedwa ku ziwalo ndi minyewa, kuphatikizapo ubongo. Thupi limayesa mwanjira ina kulipirira mkhalidwewo, chifukwa, kuya ndi kupuma kwamphamvu kumawonjezeka. Mapapu akuyesera "kupopera" mpweya wambiri m'magazi.

Kufupika kwa magazi ndi kuchepa magazi m'thupi kumaphatikizidwa ndi izi:
1. Wodwalayo amamva kusweka, kufooka kosalekeza, samalekerera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi. Zizindikiro zimayamba kale kwambiri kupuma kufupi.
2. Khungu la pakhungu ndi chizindikiro, popeza ndi hemoglobin yomwe ili m'magazi yomwe imawapatsanso mtundu wa pinki.
3. Mutu ndi chizungulire, kukumbukira kwamisala, chisamaliro, kuganizira - izi zimayenderana ndi kuperewera kwa mpweya muubongo.
4. Zosemphana ndi ntchito zofunika kwambiri ngati kugona, kuyendetsa galimoto, kugona.
5. Kuchepa kwambiri kwa magazi m'thupi, kulephera kwa mtima kumayamba pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kupuma movutikira komanso zizindikiro zina.
6. Mitundu ina ya magazi m'thupi imakhala ndi zizindikiro zake. Mwachitsanzo, ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi la B12, mphamvu ya pakhungu limalephera. Ndi kuchepa kwa magazi komwe kumakhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, kuwonjezera pallor pakhungu, jaundice imapezekanso.

Mtundu wodalirika wofufuza womwe umatha kuzindikira magazi ndi kuyesa magazi konse. Njira yakuchizira imamangidwa ndi hematologist, kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.
Zambiri Za Anemia

Kodi kupuma movutikira kumachitika bwanji mukatha kudya?

Kuchepetsa kupuma mutatha kudya ndi madandaulo ambiri. Komabe, pakokha, silimalola kukayikira matenda ena aliwonse. Makina a chitukuko chake ali motere.

Mukatha kudya, makina am'mimba amayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu. Nembanemba yam'mimba, kapamba ndi matumbo amayamba kupangitsa michere yambiri. Mphamvu zimafunikira kuti kukankhira chakudya kudzera m'mimba. Kenako mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya chamagulu omwe amapangidwa ndi ma enzymes amalowetsedwa m'magazi. Pokhudzana ndi njirazi zonsezi, kuchuluka kwa magazi ambiri kumankhwala am'mimba kofunikira.

Mwazi wamagazi mumthupi la munthu umagawidwanso. Matumbo amalandira mpweya wambiri, ziwalo zotsalazo zimacheperachepera. Ngati thupi likugwira ntchito moyenera, ndiye kuti palibe kuphwanya kulikonse komwe kumadziwika. Ngati pali matenda ndi zonyansa zilizonse, ndiye kuti njala yam'mlengalenga imatulutsa ziwalo zamkati, ndipo mapapu, kuyesera kuti athetse, amayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu. Kupuma pang'ono kumawonekera.

Ngati mukupuma movutikira mukatha kudya, ndiye kuti muyenera kupangana ndi othandizira kuti adziwe zoyesa zake ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa.

Thirotooticosis

Thyrotooticosis ndi mkhalidwe womwe umapangidwa kwambiri mahomoni a chithokomiro. Potere, odwala amadandaula za kupuma movutikira.

Dyspnea yokhala ndi matendawa imachitika pazifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba, njira zonse za metabolic zimalimbikitsidwa mthupi, motero zimamva kufunikira kwa mpweya wambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, kugunda kwa mtima kumachuluka, mpaka pa fibrillation ya atria. Munthawi imeneyi, mtima sutha kupopa bwino magazi kudzera minofu ndi ziwalo, salandira mpweya wabwino wofunikira.
Zambiri za chithokomiro

Makanda Omwe Akupatsanso Kupsinjika Maganizo

Awa ndi mkhalidwe pamene khanda lobadwa kumene limatulutsa magazi m'mapapo; Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakula mwa ana obadwa ndi amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, magazi, mtima ndi mtima. Pankhaniyi, mwana ali ndi izi:
1. Kupuma pang'ono. Nthawi yomweyo, kupuma kumakhala pafupipafupi, ndipo khungu la mwana limapepuka.
2. Khungu limakhala lofiirira.
3. Kuyenda pachifuwa kumakhala kovuta.

Ndi kupsyinjika kwamatenda a mwana wakhanda, chithandizo chamankhwala chofunikira chimafunika.

Kufupika kwamapumidwe: zifukwa zazikulu, malingaliro a katswiri

Kufupika ndi vuto la kupuma, kuwonjeza pafupipafupi kwake ndi / kapena kuya kwake, komwe nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi kumverera kosowa kwa mpweya (kubowoleza), ndipo nthawi zina mantha, mantha. Sizingatheke kuyimitsa ndi ufulu wa kusankha.

Kufupika nthawi zonse kumakhala chizindikiro cha matenda. Komabe, kupuma movutikira kuyenera kusiyanitsidwa ndi kupuma kwamphamvu ndi kuphwanya kwamanjenje kapena mafinya (pamapeto pake, kupuma kwamiseche kumasokonezedwa ndi kuwusa kwakukuru).

Zomwe zimawoneka ngati kupuma pang'ono ndizambiri. Njira ndi mtundu wa chisamaliro zimasiyana kutengera kuti ali pachimake (modzidzimutsa) monga kuukira kwa kupuma kapena kufupika kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono komanso kudwala.
Dyspnea nthawi zonse ndi chizindikiro cha matenda.

Pachimake kupunthwa kupuma

Zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteketsa mtima kupuma, kupuma.

1. Kuukira kwa mphumu ya bronchial.
2. Kuchulukitsa kwa bronchitis yovuta.
3. Kulephera kwa mtima - "mphumu wamtima".
4. Kuwonjezeka kowopsa kwa shuga m'magazi ndi acetone mu shuga.
5. Kuphipha kwa larynx ndi chifuwa kapena kutupa kwambiri.
6. Thupi lakunja munjira zamlengalenga.
7. Thrombosis yamitsempha yamapapu kapena ubongo.
8. Matenda oopsa otupa komanso opatsirana omwe ali ndi kutentha kwambiri (chibayo chachikulu, meningitis, abscess, etc.).

Dyspnea mu mphumu ya bronchial

Zotupa

Kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa kupuma pang'ono mu zotupa zoyipa koyambirira kumakhala kovuta. Njira zophunzitsira kwambiri ndi radiography, compact tomography, zotupa zamagazi (zinthu zapadera zomwe zimapanga thupi pakakhala chotupa), sputum cytology, bronchoscopy.

Kuchiza kungaphatikizepo kulowererapo kwa opaleshoni, kugwiritsa ntchito cytostatics, radiation therapy ndi zina, njira zina zamakono.

Matenda ena a m'mapapu ndi pachifuwa omwe amatsogolera kufupika kwa mpweya

Kuchepa mphamvu ndi kufupika kwa thupi pakuchita thupi: kuchepa magazi

Anemia (anemia) ndi gulu la ma pathologies omwe amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa zomwe zili m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi hemoglobin m'magazi. Zomwe zimayambitsa magazi m'thupi zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi kungachepe chifukwa cha zovuta zobadwa mwatsopano, matenda ndi matenda akulu, zotupa zamagazi (leukemia), kutulutsa magazi kwakanthawi chifukwa cha matenda amkati.

Mitsempha yonse imakhala ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana: chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi, mpweya wochepa umaperekedwa ku ziwalo ndi minyewa, kuphatikizapo ubongo.Thupi limayesa mwanjira ina kulipirira mkhalidwewo, chifukwa, kuya ndi kupuma kwamphamvu kumawonjezeka. Mapapu akuyesera "kupopera" mpweya wambiri m'magazi.

Kufupika kwa magazi ndi kuchepa magazi m'thupi kumaphatikizidwa ndi izi:
1. Wodwalayo amamva kusweka, kufooka kosalekeza, samalekerera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi. Zizindikiro zimayamba kale kwambiri kupuma kufupi.
2. Khungu la pakhungu ndi chizindikiro, popeza ndi hemoglobin yomwe ili m'magazi yomwe imawapatsanso mtundu wa pinki.
3. Mutu ndi chizungulire, kukumbukira kwamisala, chisamaliro, kuganizira - izi zimayenderana ndi kuperewera kwa mpweya muubongo.
4. Zosemphana ndi ntchito zofunika kwambiri ngati kugona, kuyendetsa galimoto, kugona.
5. Kuchepa kwambiri kwa magazi m'thupi, kulephera kwa mtima kumayamba pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kupuma movutikira komanso zizindikiro zina.
6. Mitundu ina ya magazi m'thupi imakhala ndi zizindikiro zake. Mwachitsanzo, ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi la B12, mphamvu ya pakhungu limalephera. Ndi kuchepa kwa magazi komwe kumakhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, kuwonjezera pallor pakhungu, jaundice imapezekanso.

Mtundu wodalirika wofufuza womwe umatha kuzindikira magazi ndi kuyesa magazi konse. Njira yakuchizira imamangidwa ndi hematologist, kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.
Zambiri Za Anemia

Dyspnea m'matenda ena

Kodi kupuma movutikira kumachitika bwanji mukatha kudya?

Kuchepetsa kupuma mutatha kudya ndi madandaulo ambiri. Komabe, pakokha, silimalola kukayikira matenda ena aliwonse. Makina a chitukuko chake ali motere.

Mukatha kudya, makina am'mimba amayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu. Nembanemba yam'mimba, kapamba ndi matumbo amayamba kupangitsa michere yambiri. Mphamvu zimafunikira kuti kukankhira chakudya kudzera m'mimba. Kenako mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya chamagulu omwe amapangidwa ndi ma enzymes amalowetsedwa m'magazi. Pokhudzana ndi njirazi zonsezi, kuchuluka kwa magazi ambiri kumankhwala am'mimba kofunikira.

Mwazi wamagazi mumthupi la munthu umagawidwanso. Matumbo amalandira mpweya wambiri, ziwalo zotsalazo zimacheperachepera. Ngati thupi likugwira ntchito moyenera, ndiye kuti palibe kuphwanya kulikonse komwe kumadziwika. Ngati pali matenda ndi zonyansa zilizonse, ndiye kuti njala yam'mlengalenga imatulutsa ziwalo zamkati, ndipo mapapu, kuyesera kuti athetse, amayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu. Kupuma pang'ono kumawonekera.

Ngati mukupuma movutikira mukatha kudya, ndiye kuti muyenera kupangana ndi othandizira kuti adziwe zoyesa zake ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa.

Matenda a shuga

Thirotooticosis

Thyrotooticosis ndi mkhalidwe womwe umapangidwa kwambiri mahomoni a chithokomiro. Potere, odwala amadandaula za kupuma movutikira.

Dyspnea yokhala ndi matendawa imachitika pazifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba, njira zonse za metabolic zimalimbikitsidwa mthupi, motero zimamva kufunikira kwa mpweya wambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, kugunda kwa mtima kumachuluka, mpaka pa fibrillation ya atria. Munthawi imeneyi, mtima sutha kupopa bwino magazi kudzera minofu ndi ziwalo, salandira mpweya wabwino wofunikira.
Zambiri za chithokomiro

Dyspnea mu mwana: zoyambitsa kwambiri

Makanda Omwe Akupatsanso Kupsinjika Maganizo

Awa ndi mkhalidwe pamene khanda lobadwa kumene limatulutsa magazi m'mapapo; Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakula mwa ana obadwa ndi amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, magazi, mtima ndi mtima. Pankhaniyi, mwana ali ndi izi:
1. Kupuma pang'ono. Nthawi yomweyo, kupuma kumakhala pafupipafupi, ndipo khungu la mwana limapepuka.
2. Khungu limakhala lofiirira.
3. Kuyenda pachifuwa kumakhala kovuta.

Ndi kupsyinjika kwamatenda a mwana wakhanda, chithandizo chamankhwala chofunikira chimafunika.

Laryngitis ndi croup wabodza

Dyspnea mu ana ndi matenda a kupuma dongosolo

Zofooka za mtima wosabereka

Matenda a ana

Zimayambitsa Dyspnea pa Mimba

Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, mtima ndi kupuma kwamakina amayamba kumva kupsinjika kwakukulu. Izi ndichifukwa cha izi:

• mluza wokulira ndi mwana wosabadwayo amafunikira mpweya wambiri,
• kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amayenderera m'thupi kumawonjezeka,
• mwana wosabadwayo amayamba kufinya diaphragm, mtima ndi mapapu kuyambira pansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyenda kwa kupuma ndi kugunda kwa mtima,
• ndi vuto la kusapeza bwino kwa amayi apakati, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kumakula.

Zotsatira zake, pakakhala pakati pamakhala kupuma pang'ono pang'ono. Ngati kupuma kwabwinobwino kwa munthu ndi 16 - 20 pamphindi, ndiye kuti mwa amayi apakati - 22 - 24 pamphindi. Kupuma pang'ono kumakulirakukhazikika pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupsinjika, nkhawa. Pambuyo pake kukhala ndi pakati, kupumula komwe kumatchulidwa.

Ngati kupuma movutikira panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati kumawonetsedwa kwambiri komanso kumadetsa nkhawa, ndiye kuti muyenera kupita kwa dokotala kuchipatala chakutsogolo.

Kufupika kwamankhwala othandizira kupuma

Kuti mumvetsetse momwe mungachepetsere kupumira, muyenera kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa chizindikiro ichi. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndi matenda ati omwe adayambitsa kupezeka kwake. Popanda izi, chithandizo chamankhwala apamwamba kwambiri sichingatheke, ndipo zolakwika, m'malo mwake, zimatha kuvulaza wodwala. Chifukwa chake, mankhwala othandizira kupuma movutikira amayenera kufotokozedwa mosamalitsa ndi katswiri wa zamankhwala, mtima, pulmonologist kapena katswiri wa matenda opatsirana.

Komanso, musagwiritse ntchito palokha, popanda chidziwitso cha dokotala, mitundu yonse yazithandizo zowerengeka kuti muchepetse kupuma. Pabwino, amakhala osagwira, kapena wobweretsa zochepa.

Ngati munthu waona chizindikiro ichi, ayenera kupita kwa dokotala posachedwa kuti apereke mankhwala.

Kufupika kwamapumidwe: zifukwa zazikulu, malingaliro a katswiri

Kufupika ndi vuto la kupuma, kuwonjeza pafupipafupi kwake ndi / kapena kuya kwake, komwe nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi kumverera kosowa kwa mpweya (kubowoleza), ndipo nthawi zina mantha, mantha. Sizingatheke kuyimitsa ndi ufulu wa kusankha.

Kufupika nthawi zonse kumakhala chizindikiro cha matenda. Komabe, kupuma movutikira kuyenera kusiyanitsidwa ndi kupuma kwamphamvu ndi kuphwanya kwamanjenje kapena mafinya (pamapeto pake, kupuma kwamiseche kumasokonezedwa ndi kuwusa kwakukuru).

Zomwe zimawoneka ngati kupuma pang'ono ndizambiri. Njira ndi mtundu wa chisamaliro zimasiyana kutengera kuti ali pachimake (modzidzimutsa) monga kuukira kwa kupuma kapena kufupika kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono komanso kudwala.
Dyspnea nthawi zonse ndi chizindikiro cha matenda.

Pachimake kupunthwa kupuma

Zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteketsa mtima kupuma, kupuma.

1. Kuukira kwa mphumu ya bronchial.
2. Kuchulukitsa kwa bronchitis yovuta.
3. Kulephera kwa mtima - "mphumu wamtima".
4. Kuwonjezeka kowopsa kwa shuga m'magazi ndi acetone mu shuga.
5. Kuphipha kwa larynx ndi chifuwa kapena kutupa kwambiri.
6. Thupi lakunja munjira zamlengalenga.
7. Thrombosis yamitsempha yamapapu kapena ubongo.
8. Matenda oopsa otupa komanso opatsirana omwe ali ndi kutentha kwambiri (chibayo chachikulu, meningitis, abscess, etc.).

Dyspnea mu mphumu ya bronchial

Ngati wodwalayo wakhala akudwala matenda opatsirana kapena a mphumu kwakanthawi ndipo madotolo amupeza, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito botolo la sponchodilator wapadera, monga salbutamol, fenoterol kapena berodual. Amathandizira kuphipha kwa bronchi ndikukulitsa mpweya kupita m'mapapu. Nthawi zambiri Mlingo wa 1-2 (wokwanira pakubwezeretsa) ndi wokwanira kuyimitsa kuwonekera kwa matenda.

Pankhaniyi, malamulo otsatirawa akuyenera kuwonedwa:

• Simungathe kuchita inhalations wopitilira 2 - "jakisoni" mzere, osachepera mphindi 20 ayenera kuyang'aniridwa.Kugwiritsa ntchito inhaler pafupipafupi sikukula kwake, koma maonekedwe ake, monga palpitations, kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi - inde.
• Osapitilira muyeso ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya inhaler, yogwiritsidwa ntchito pakanthawi masana - ndi katatu pa tsiku.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mosasinthasintha. Kupuma kovuta kumatha kulowa mu komwe kumatchedwa mphumu, zomwe ndizovuta kuyimitsa ngakhale m'chipinda chothandizira kwambiri.
• Ngati mukugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza (mwachitsanzo 2 jekeseni 2 "jakisoni") wa inhaler, kufupika sikuyenda kapena kukulirakulira, imbani ambulansi mwachangu.

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani ambulansi isanafike?

Kupereka mpweya wabwino kwa wodwalayo: tsegulani zenera kapena zenera (mawonekedwe a mpweya sayenera!), Chotsani zovala zolimba. Zochita zina zimadalira chifukwa cha kupuma movutikira.

Mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi glucometer. Pa mishuga yambiri, insulin imawonetsedwa, koma izi ndizopangira madokotala.

Ndikofunikira kuti munthu wodwala matenda amtima ayesere kuthamanga kwa magazi (amatha kukhala okwera), akhazikike. Kugona pabedi sikofunikira, chifukwa kupuma pamenepa kumayamba kuvuta. Kwezani miyendo kuti gawo lowonjezera lamadzi kuchokera mumtima lipite kumiyendo. Pothamanga kwambiri (kupitirira 20 mamilimita Hg. Art. Koposa zabwinobwino), ngati munthu ali ndi matenda oopsa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo pali mankhwala oponderezedwa kunyumba, ndiye kuti mutha kumwa mankhwala omwe adanenedwa ndi adokotala kuti muimitse zovuta zanu, monga capoten kapena corinfar.

Kumbukirani, ngati munthu amadwala koyamba m'moyo wake - musamupatse nokha mankhwala.

Mawu ochepa za laryngospasm

Ndiyeneranso kunena mawu ochepa okhudza laryngospasm. Ndi laryngeal spasm, kupuma kwamaso kopanda phokoso (stridor) kumakhala kotchuka, kumveka patali ndipo nthawi zambiri kumayendera limodzi ndi chifuwa choyipa "chokhazikika". Vutoli limachitika nthawi zambiri ndimatenda oyambitsa kupuma a ma virus, makamaka ana. Kupezeka kwake kumalumikizidwa ndi laryngeal edema yayikulu ndi kutupa. Pankhaniyi, osakulunga khosi lanu ndi ma compress ofunda (izi zimatha kutupira). Tiyenera kuyesa kukhazika mtima pansi mwana, kum'patsa chakumwa (mayendedwe akumeza kufewetsa kutupira), kupereka mwayi wokhala ndi mpweya wonyowa. Ndi cholinga chosokoneza, mutha kuyika mpiru kumapazi anu. Muzochepa, izi zitha kukhala zokwanira, koma ambulansi iyenera kutchedwa, chifukwa laryngospasm imatha kuchuluka ndikuletsa kwathunthu mpweya.

Kupuma movutikira

Maonekedwe ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono kufupika kwapafupipafupi nthawi zambiri kumapezeka m'mapapo kapena matenda a mtima. Nthawi zambiri kupumira msanga komanso kusowa kwa mpweya kumayamba kumachitika nthawi yayitali. Pang'onopang'ono, ntchito yomwe munthu angathe kuchita, kapena mtunda womwe angapite, umachepa. Chitonthozo cha zochitika zolimbitsa thupi chimasinthika, moyo wamunthu umachepa. Zizindikiro monga palpitations, kufooka, kusasalala kapena khungu la khungu (makamaka malekezero) kulumikizana, kutupa ndi kupweteka pachifuwa ndizotheka. Amalumikizidwa ndikuti zidakhala zovuta kuti mapapo kapena mtima ugwire ntchito yake. Mukapanda kuchitapo kanthu, kupuma movutikira kumayamba kuvutitsa kuyesetsa kochepera komanso kupuma.

Ndikosatheka kuchiritsa kupumira kwakanthawi popanda chithandizo cha matenda omwe adayambitsa. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala ndikuyesedwa. Kuphatikiza pa zifukwa zomwe zalembedwa, kupuma movutikira kumawonekera ndi magazi m'thupi, matenda ammagazi, matenda amitsempha, matenda amitsempha, etc.

Pambuyo pokhazikitsa njira yodziwitsira matenda ndi njira yothandizira matenda oyamba kunyumba, ndikofunika kutsatira malangizo otsatirawa:

1. Imwani mankhwala okhazikitsidwa ndi dokotala wanu pafupipafupi.
2. Lumikizanani ndi dokotala zamankhwala ndi zomwe mungatenge nokha mwadzidzidzi ndikusunga mankhwalawa m'nyumba yanu.
3. Kuyenda tsiku lililonse mumawonekedwe abwino, makamaka theka la ola.
4. Siyani kusuta.
5. Osadya kwambiri, ndibwino kudya nthawi zambiri m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Zakudya zambiri zimathandizira kufupika kapena kumawonjezera mawonekedwe ake.
6. Kwa ziwengo, mphumu, yesetsani kupewa kulumikizana ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa mphumu (fumbi, maluwa, nyama, fungo loipa, etc.).
7. Yanikani kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi shuga - shuga.
8. Ziphuphu zimayenera kudyedwa pang'ono, kuchepetsa mchere. Ndi matenda amtima ndi impso, matenda a chiwindi, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri ndi mchere kumakhalabe ndi madzi mthupi, zomwe zimapangitsanso kupuma movutikira.
9. Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse: masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe amasankhidwa mwapadera komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimasangalatsa thupi, zimawonjezera zosungika za mtima ndi mapapu.
10. Zimalemedwa pafupipafupi. Kulemera msanga kwa makilogalamu 1.5-2 m'masiku ochepa ndi chizindikiro cha kusungunuka kwamadzi m'thupi ndi kupumira kwakanthawi.

Malangizo awa ndi othandiza mu matenda aliwonse.