Bubnovsky okhudza matenda ashuga

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Ndi matenda a shuga, kagayidwe kakang'ono ka shuga kamasokonekera. Chithandizo cha matendawa ndikuyang'anira kuwongolera glycemia. Kuphatikiza apo kuti munthu wodwala matenda ayenera kumwa mankhwala ena (ndipo nthawi zambiri moyo), amafunika kutsatira zakudya, zomwe zikutanthauza kuletsa kumwa zinthu zambiri pofuna kuthana ndi matenda a shuga. Ganizirani zomwe simungadye ndi shuga komanso momwe mungakonzere matendawa ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

Malangizo apakati pa odwala

Njira zazikulu zochizira matenda a shuga ndizakudya zoyenera malinga ndi malangizo a dokotala, masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi (chidwi!) - kukana ndudu. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikuwunika momwe miyendo ili. Ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, ndikofunikira kubaya insulin, apo ayi munthu akhoza kufa. Ndi matenda a shuga a 2, mutha kuchita popanda insulini, chifukwa pali mankhwala apadera a izi.

Mukamamwa mapiritsi ndi insulin, muyenera kusamala kwambiri, chifukwa mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi. Umu ndi momwe hypoglycemia imakhalira, yomwe ingayambitse kukomoka komanso ngakhale kufa. Mavuto onse owopsa amatha kupewedwa ngati pali zinthu zomwe sizikuchulukitsa shuga wamagazi ndikuthandizira kupewa zovuta, komanso, popanda kumva njala.

Popanda kudya, matendawa amapita patsogolo, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta komanso zoopsa m'moyo. Ngati matenda a shuga sawongoleredwa, izi zimachitika mkati mwa zaka khumi, pazaka makumi awiri.

Mavuto owopsa kwambiri ndi matenda ashuga a nephropathy (omwe amachititsa kuti matenda asamayende bwino), matenda a shuga a retinopathy (omwe amachititsa khungu) komanso kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya ndi mitsempha ya miyendo (yomwe imayambitsa gangrene, chithandizo chake chomwe ndikudula).

Ngati mumadya moyenera matenda ashuga, mungachedwetse kukula kwa zovuta ndikuzisintha. Potere, shuga yamagazi imasungidwa munthawi yochepa. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga sunakhalebe chizindikiritso cha kubaya insulin: chinthu choterocho ndichofunikira pokhapokha ngati chikuvuta kwambiri. Ndi chakudya choyenera, nthawi zambiri amatha kupewa.

Mfundo zachikhalidwe

Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda a shuga amawerengedwa kuti chakudya chochepa monga mafuta momwe zimalowera m'thupi. Ndikofunikira kuti kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta azikhala oganiza bwino, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti kuthamanga kwa shuga kulumikizidwe ndikulepheretsa kukula kwa hyperglycemia.

Ngati wodwala wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulini komanso matenda a shuga a 2, bwanji sangadye ndi matenda oterowo kuti aziwunikira nthawi zonse? Izi zimasankhidwa ndi dokotala aliyense payekha, ndikupanga mndandanda wazinthu.

Munthu akapatsidwa mankhwala a insulin, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa amasinthidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin. Zakudya zake ndi magawo ake amasinthidwa kuti wodwalayo asakhale pachiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia.

Mu shuga mellitus, ndikofunikira kudya zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic, yomwe simapitilira 50. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zophatikiza ndi chakudya zomwe zimapakidwa pang'onopang'ono zimaperekedwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti shuga asadutse kwambiri.

Muyenera kudya pafupipafupi, kutafuna chakudya mosamala. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muchepetse nthawi yayitali yopuma. Ngati munthu ali paulendo waku bizinesi kumene kukakhala kovuta kutsatira chakudyacho, ayenera kupita naye kuzinthu zomwe adokotala adamuloleza. Muyenera kupewa zakudya zovulaza.

Zakudya Zotsika za Glycemic Index

Otsatirawa ndi mndandanda wazakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi index ya glycemic yochepa, chifukwa chake, zimatha kudyedwa ndi matenda ashuga:

• Mkate wa Borodino
• broth (nyama kapena nsomba),
• mbale zamphongo, ng'ombe,
• nsomba (cod, nsomba za pike, etc.),
• mazira (osapitirira amodzi patsiku),
• mafuta amkaka ochepa,
• zipatso zamphesa
• masamba - kabichi, tomato, amadyera,
• batala (lofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa osaposa supuni ziwiri),
• mafuta a masamba
• zipatso ndi zipatso zina (mwachitsanzo, raspberries, maapulo).

Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya zamasewera, zakudya zam'nyanja, mtedza, mapeyala, zukini ndi zina zamoto zotsika zimaloledwa. Pofuna kuyesa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zamtundu wa glycemic, ndikofunikira kugula glucometer ndikutha masiku angapo mumachitidwe owongolera shuga.

Mwanjira imeneyi mutha kuwonetsetsa kuti ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimachulukitsa shuga komanso zomwe sizichita. Ndizotheka kuti mbale zina zochokera pamndandanda zomwe zili pamwambazi zimatha kuwonjezera glycemia, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimayenera kuthetsedwa.

Ndikwabwino kudya zipatso za zipatso: zimakhala ndi ma glycemic ochepa, komanso ngati kuchuluka kwa zinthu zotere kuli m'malire osavomerezeka, izi sizingayambitse vuto la metabolic. Chofunikira ndi zakudya ndikuwonetsetsa kuti muzikhala ochepa, choncho muzitha kudya zochepa, koma pafupipafupi.

Chonde dziwani kuti mwa anthu athanzi lanyama, thupi la glycemia limakhala lambiri mwa mamiliyoni 4-5.2. Izi ndizowonetsera bwino kwambiri za kuchuluka kwa shuga zomwe zimatheka mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga kapena omwe amadalira insulin. Inde, chifukwa cha izi muyenera kuyeseza zakudya zoyenera ndikuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa insulin. Ngati simuli aulesi ndikutsatira mosamala boma, mutha kukhala ndi moyo popanda zovuta zopweteka za matenda ashuga. Kuti mukhalebe waluso kwambiri, masomphenya, malingaliro omveka ndi enieni.

Kodi ndizotheka kudya phala

Malo akuluakulu pakudya kwa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ndi buckwheat. Sichikukhudza kagayidwe kazakudya ndipo umathandizira kuti magazi azikhala glycemic nthawi zonse. Buckwheat imatengedwa bwino ndi thupi ndipo imakhala mphamvu.

Ndikwabwino kudya tirigu ndi barele. Zakudya izi zimathandizira zamagetsi ndikuthandizira kupewa hyperglycemia. Zachidziwikire, ngati wodwalayo sangadye kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga mutatha kudya ndipo, ngati mukuphwanya kuwerenga kosavuta kwa glucometer, sinthani zakudya zanu.

Cholinga cha zakudya zamatendawa

Ntchito yayikulu kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndikusunga shuga wamagazi osaposa mamilimita 6.1 mukatha kudya komanso osapitirira 5.5 mmol pamimba yopanda kanthu. Zizindikiro zoterezi zimatheka pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu menyu tsiku ndi tsiku. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yosungitsira thanzi la impso: amapeza masinthidwe owopsa a shuga.

Zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi ndi jakisoni wa insulin zithandiza kupewa zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri za matenda ashuga - kufa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso. Ngati ntchito ya impso yatayika, kupatsirana kapena dialysis kumachitika. Ndiyenera kunena kuti njira ya dialysis imapatsa odwala zovuta kwambiri ndipo ndiyomwe imayambitsa matenda oopsa. Cholinga cha njira zochizira matenda ashuga ndikuchedwa kutha kufunika kwa dialysis (koposa zonse - ad infinitum). Kuchepetsa zakudya zamafuta kumangoyambitsa thanzi.

Inde, zakudya zamafuta ochepa sizotsika mtengo kwambiri. Kuti muwongolere shuga onse pamafunika ndalama zowonjezera (komanso zofunikira). Komabe, kuyesayesa koteroko kuli koyenera: ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakudya ndi mzere wama mita sizili kanthu kuyerekeza ndi mtengo wochizira matenda osautsa kwambiri. Ngati mumatsatira zakudya mosamala, ndiye kuti munthu ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wonse mpaka kukalamba.

Zoletsa Matenda a shuga

Nayi mndandanda wazakudya zoletsedwa zomwe zingakhale zovulaza kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga. Sayenera kudyedwa pazifukwa zilizonse, apo ayi shuga sikugwira ntchito:

• maswiti onse (simungathe kudya shuga wa confectionery wa odwala matenda ashuga),
• mbale za ufa
• tchizi tchizi chomwe chinagulidwa kumsika,
• mbatata
• oat granola
• chimanga
• mpunga
• zipatso zokoma
• ketchup
• Zinthu zilizonse zotsiriza, chakudya mwachangu,
• yogurt yopanda mafuta,
• matenda ashuga samadya zakudya zokhala ndi shuga.

Kudziwa kuti simungathe kudya ndi matenda ashuga, mutha kuthandizira matendawa. Zachidziwikire, izi zimakhala zovuta kwa anthu ena, makamaka ngati mukuganiza kuti muyenera kusiya zabwino zambiri. Komabe, pali njira ina: kudya, mwachitsanzo, zotsekemera, ufa kapena kukhala nthawi yayitali popanda zovuta.

Mukamasankha malonda ogulitsa, muyenera kulabadira kapangidwe kake. Pewani zakudya zopanda mafuta ambiri. Kukhalapo kwa shuga komanso zopatsa mphamvu m'mimba kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yovulaza thanzi, chifukwa zimathandizira kuti glycemia iwonjezeke.

Ndi matenda a shuga, simungakhale okwanira. Ngakhale zakudya zovomerezeka zimachulukitsa shuga. Muyenera kuyang'anira matendawa, muyenera kuiwala za chakudya chochuluka. Ndikwabwino kudya pang'ono komanso nthawi zambiri. Ndikofunikira kusunga diary ya kudziletsa - iyi ndi imodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera matenda ashuga.

Monga mukuwonera, mndandanda wazinthu zovulaza mu shuga ndizofala kwambiri. Komabe, munthu amaloledwa mbale zambiri zathanzi, zokhutiritsa komanso zokoma. Ngati nthawi zonse mumayang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia komanso kupewa kufalikira kwa shuga, mutha kupewa zovuta za matenda oopsa a shuga.

Maganizo a Dedov pa matenda a shuga, kupewa komanso kuchiza matendawa

• Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwa nthawi yayitali
• Imabwezeretsa kapangidwe ka insulin

Mmodzi mwa akatswiri odziwika azachipatala ndi Ivan Ivanovich Dedov, matenda a shuga ndi amodzi mwa madera ake akuluakulu pophunzira. Kutchuka kwake kudayamba kuyambira masiku a Soviet Union.

Lero, ndi purezidenti wa Russian Academy of Medical Sayansi, wamkulu wa endocrinologist wa Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, ndipo akuphunzitsanso ku Sechenov Moscow State Medical University.

Dedov Ivan Ivanovich ndi wolemba komanso wolemba mabuku ambiri azasayansi ndi kafukufuku wazaka ndi zofalitsa mu gawo la endocrinology, kuphatikiza pa mutu wa matenda a shuga. Zochita zake zasayansi sizodziwika kokha m'gawo la dziko lakwawo, komanso akunja.

Zotsatira zazikulu za endocrinologist pantchito zamankhwala

Kukwera pantchito yotsogola kunayamba ndikutumiza kwa katswiri wasayansi wachinyamata mu umodzi mwa ma labotale a Medical Institute of Radiology of the Academy of Medical Science of the Soviet Union ku Obninsk.

Ku Obninsk, agogo adaphunzira zovuta za neuro- ndi endocrinology.

Gawo lotsatira linali kusamutsa kwake kukhala wofufuza wamkulu.

Kuyambira 1973 mpaka 1988, Ivan Ivanovich amagwira ntchito m'mzipatala zotsatirazi:

1. Institute of Clinical Oncology, Academy of Medical Science of the Soviet Union.
2. Sechenov Moscow Medical Institute woyamba, pomwe adayamba kugwira ntchito yaudindo muupangiri wothandizira, kenako pambuyo pake monga wamkulu wa dipatimenti ya endocrinology.

Chiyambire zaka 90 zapitazi, a endocrinologist adanenedwa ngati adokotala ochokera kwa Mulungu, ntchito yake yathokoza.

Malo omwe amagwirako ntchito a Dedov ndi State Endocrinological Medical Science Science Center, momwe akatswiri osankhidwa amagwira ntchito.

M'chipatala ichi, zinthu zotsatirazi zikuchitika:

• ntchito ndi ntchito za sayansi komanso kafukufuku,
• mankhwala ndi zamankhwala,
• ntchito yodziwitsa anthu za matenda,
• ntchito zamakampani
• bungwe la pedagogical maofesi a endocrinology.

Kuphatikiza apo, State Endocrinological Medical Science Science Center ndi malo omwe odwala amakonzedwanso pansi pa mapulogalamu a boma.

Masiku ano, dzina la Ivan Ivanovich Dedov amadziwika osati mdera la Russian Federation, komanso akunja. Wasayansi adathandizira kwambiri pakukula ndi chitukuko cha madera ambiri pantchito ya endocrinology.

Mayendedwe akuluakulu a ntchito yake akugwirizana ndi kuthetsa mavuto awa:

1. Kukula ndi Katemera wa shuga mellitus wamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
2. Gawo lamtundu wa matenda ashuga.
3. Kukhazikitsa njira zatsopano zodziwira matenda osiyanasiyana pophunzira matenda osiyanasiyana.

Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo amalimbana ndi zovuta za kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana osokoneza bongo omwe amawonekera motsutsana ndi maziko a chitukuko cha matenda ashuga.

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Izi zimaphatikizapo gangrene yam'munsi yam'munsi komanso nephropathy.

Kodi zopambana zasayansi ndi ziti?

Dedov Ivan Ivanovich pa nthawi yomwe anali kuchita adakhala wolemba ntchito zoposa mazana asanu ndi awiri, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zolemba, mabuku, zolemba, zolemba.

Kafukufuku wake amayang'ana kwambiri kuphunzira mavuto mu endocrinology.

Pankhani yokhudzana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa matenda a shuga, wolemba nawo adalemba nawo ntchito zingapo zofunika.

Zofunikira kwambiri mwa izi ndi izi:

1. Matenda a shuga: retinopathy, nephropathy.
2. Matenda a shuga ndi ana ndi achinyamata.
3. Matenda a shuga komanso matenda a impso.
4. Mavuto aakulu a shuga.
5. Chithandizo cha mankhwala. Endocrinology.

Chifukwa chake, zikuwonekeratu kuti wophunzirayo anadzipereka pantchito zovuta ku zovuta zamasiku athu ano. Kupatula apo, monga mukudziwa, m'zaka zaposachedwa, matendawa amayamba kufalikira pakati pa achinyamata azaka, kuphatikiza ana, komanso zovuta zomwe zimakhalapo pakukula kwa matendawa zimakhudza aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga.

Motsogozedwa ndi Ivan Ivanovich, miyezo yambiri idapangidwa, komanso njira zopangira njira zodzitetezera, maphunziro azachipatala ndi njira zochizira matenda a endocrine pathologies, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ngati mankhwala amakono.

Upangiri Wodwala

Mu 2005, nyumba yofalitsa ku Moscow idatulutsa buku la “Diabetes. Kwa odwala ”wolemba Ivan Ivanovich Dedov mothandizidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo ndi Zachitukuko cha Russian Federation.

Chochitika choterocho chinachitika mkati mwa dongosolo la Federal Target Program "Kupewa ndi Kuwongolera Matenda a Anthu" ndi subprogram "Diabetes Mellitus".

Kutsindikizidwa ndikuwongolera kwa odwala matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 omwe akufuna kuyendetsa chitukuko cha matenda. Kupatula apo, mfundo yofunika panthawi ya matendawo ndi kutenga nawo mbali wodwalayo, momwe angachitire bwino komanso kuwongolera kosintha kwamthupi.

Bukuli lili ndi zofunikira komanso lingakuthandizeni kupeza yankho la mafunso anu, chifukwa chovuta.

Magawo akuluakulu osindikizidwa ndi:

• malingaliro ofunikira pakukula ndi njira ya matenda.
• ubale wamatendawa ndi kupezeka kwa kunenepa kwambiri. Ikufotokoza mfundo zofunikira zochepetsa thupi kunenepa kwa odwala matenda ashuga,
• momwe mungapewere matendawa, kusunga diary yapadera ya matenda a shuga,
• kupanga zakudya zoyenera ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi,
• zambiri zamankhwala othandizira omwe ali ndi antipyretic mankhwala медицин
• mankhwala a insulin
• kupezeka kwa hypoglycemia mu matenda a shuga,
• chitukuko cha zovuta za matenda ashuga.

Zowonjezera pazigawo zazikulu za bukuli zimakhala ndi zolemba za odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda a shuga 2, kwa iwo omwe akuyenera kulandira chithandizo cha insulin, komanso tebulo la chakudya.

Nkhanizi zitha kukhala zothandiza osati kwa odwala matenda a shuga okha, komanso kwa abale awo omwe ali pafupi.

Ndi njira zatsopano ziti zochizira matenda omwe amachitika masiku ano zomwe zingamuuze katswiri wa kanemayu munkhaniyi.

• Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwa nthawi yayitali
• Imabwezeretsa kapangidwe ka insulin

Ndi angati omwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga?

Pafupifupi 7% ya anthu padziko lathuli amadwala matenda a shuga.

Chiwerengero cha odwala ku Russia chikuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse, ndipo pakadali pano pali pafupifupi mamiliyoni 3. Kwa nthawi yayitali, anthu amatha kukhala ndi moyo osakayikira nthendayi.

Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa achikulire ndi okalamba. Momwe mungakhalire ndi matenda otizindikira komanso kuchuluka kwa omwe mumakhala nawo, tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.

Kodi matendawa amachokera kuti?

Kusiyana pakati pa matenda amtundu wa 2 ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 ndikochepa: m'magawo onse awiri, shuga ya magazi imakwera. Koma zifukwa zomwe izi zimachitikira. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, matenda a chitetezo cha m'thupi, komanso maselo a kapamba amayesedwa ngati ndi achilendo.

Mwanjira ina, kusatetemera kwanu “kumapha” chiwalo. Izi zimayambitsa kusayenda bwino kwa kapamba ndi kuchepa kwa insulin.

Vutoli limadziwika ndi ana komanso achinyamata ndipo amatchedwa kuperewera kwambiri kwa insulin. Kwa odwala oterowo, jakisoni wa insulin amapatsidwa moyo.

Ndizosatheka kutchula chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, koma asayansi ochokera padziko lonse lapansi amavomereza kuti idatengera.

Zina zomwe zimakonzedweratu ndi izi:

1. Kupsinjika Nthawi zambiri, matenda ashuga amakula mwa ana atatha kusudzulana ndi makolo awo.
2. Matenda a ma virus - fuluwenza, chikuku, rubella ndi ena.
3. Matenda enanso mahomoni m'thupi.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kusowa kwa insulini kumachitika.

Amayamba motere:

1. Maselo amataya insulin.
2. Glucose sangalowe mwa iwo ndipo samangokhala wosadziwika m'magazi ambiri.
3. Pakadali pano, maselo amapereka chizindikiro kwa kapamba kuti sanalandire insulin.
4. Zikondazo zimayamba kutulutsa insulini yambiri, koma maselo sawazindikira.

Chifukwa chake, zimapezeka kuti kapamba amapanga insulin yachilendo kapena yowonjezera, koma samamwetsa, ndipo glucose m'magazi amakula.

Zifukwa zofala izi:

• moyo wolakwika
• kunenepa
• zizolowezi zoipa.

Odwala oterewa amapatsidwa mankhwala omwe amasintha mphamvu ya khungu. Kuphatikiza apo, amafunika kuti achepetse kulemera kwawo mwachangu momwe angathere. Nthawi zina kutsika kwa ma kilogalamu ochepa kumathandiza kuti wodwalayo akhale bwino.

Kodi anthu odwala matenda ashuga amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Asayansi apeza kuti amuna omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba amakhala ndi zaka 12, ndipo akazi azaka 20.

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Komabe, ziwerengero tsopano zimatipatsa deta ina. Kutalika kwa zaka zomwe odwala ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 akwera mpaka zaka 70.

Izi ndichifukwa choti mankhwala amakono opanga mankhwala amakono amakhala ndi zotupa za insulin ya anthu. Pa insulini yotere, kuchuluka kwa moyo kumachuluka.

Palinso njira zambiri zothandizira kudziletsa. Awa ndi ma glucometer osiyanasiyana, mizere yoyesera yodziwira ma ketones ndi shuga mumkodzo, pampu ya insulin.

Matendawa ndi owopsa chifukwa nthawi zonse shuga m'magazi amakhudza ziwalo za "chandamale".

Izi zikuphatikiza:

• maso
• impso
• zotengera ndi mitsempha ya m'munsi yam'munsi.

Mavuto akulu obwera ndi chilema ndi:

1. Kubwezeretsanso kwina.
2. Kulephera kwa impso.
3. Matumbo a miyendo.
4. Hypoglycemic coma ndi mkhalidwe womwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi amatsika kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa cha jakisoni wosayenera wa insulin kapena kulephera kudya. Zotsatira za kukomoka kwa hypoglycemic zitha kukhala imfa.
5. Hyperglycemic kapena ketoacidotic chikomachi ndiofala. Zifukwa zake ndikukana jakisoni wa insulin, kuphwanya malamulo azakudya. Ngati mtundu woyamba wa chikomokere umathandizidwa ndi njira ya 40% ya shuga ndipo wodwalayo amadzazindikira yomweyo, ndiye kuti kudwala matenda ashuga kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Matupi a Ketone amakhudza thupi lonse, kuphatikizapo ubongo.

Kutuluka kwa zovuta zovuta izi kumafupikitsa moyo nthawi zina. Wodwala ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti kukana insulin ndi njira yotsimikizika yofera.

Munthu yemwe amakhala ndi moyo wathanzi, amasewera masewera ndikutsatira zakudya, amatha kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wokhutiritsa.

Zoyambitsa kufa

Anthu samafa ndi matenda omwewo, imfa imabwera chifukwa cha zovuta zake.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mu 80% ya milandu, odwala amafa chifukwa cha zovuta ndi mtima. Matendawa ndi monga kugunda kwa mtima, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya arrhythmias.

Choyambitsa chotsatira cha imfa ndi sitiroko.

Choyambitsa chachitatu chomwe chimatsogolera ndikuphedwa ndi gangren. Mafuta ochulukirapo nthawi zonse amatsogolera kuti magazi azisokonekera komanso kuti malo otsika azikhala ochepa. Chilonda chilichonse, chaching'ono, chimatha kuthandizira komanso kukhudza dzanja. Nthawi zina ngakhale kuchotsedwa kwa gawo la miyendo sikumabweretsa kusintha. Mashuga apamwamba amalepheretsa bala kuti ichiritse, ndipo imayambanso kuvunda.

Chinanso chomwe chimapangitsa munthu kufa ndi matenda a hypoglycemic.

Tsoka ilo, anthu omwe satsatira malangizo a dokotala samakhala ndi moyo wautali.

Mphoto ya Jocelyn

Mu 1948, a Elliot Proector Joslin, a American endocrinologist, adakhazikitsa mendulo ya Victory. Adapatsidwa odwala matenda ashuga okhala ndi zaka 25 zodziwa.

Mu 1970, panali anthu ambiri otere, chifukwa mankhwala adapita patsogolo, njira zatsopano zochizira matenda ashuga komanso zovuta zake zidawonekera.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake utsogoleri wa Dzhoslinsky Diabetes Center adaganiza zodalitsa odwala matenda ashuga omwe akhala ndi matendawa kwa zaka 50 kapena kupitilira.

Izi zimawerengedwa kuti ndikupambana kwambiri. Kuyambira 1970, mphothoyi yalandira anthu 4,000 ochokera padziko lonse lapansi. 40 mwa iwo amakhala ku Russia.

Mu 1996, mphotho yatsopano idakhazikitsidwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi zaka 75 zodziwa. Zikuwoneka ngati zosatheka, koma ndi za anthu 65 padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo mu 2013, a Jocelyn Center adalandira mayi Spencer Wallace, yemwe wakhala ndi matenda ashuga kwa zaka 90.

Kodi ndingakhale ndi ana?

Nthawi zambiri funsoli limafunsidwa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba. Popeza adwala ali mwana kapena achinyamata, odwala omwewo komanso abale awo sakhala ndi chiyembekezo chodzakhala ndi moyo wathunthu.

Amuna, okhala ndi chidziwitso cha matendawa kwa zaka zopitilira 10, nthawi zambiri amadandaula za kuchepa kwa potency, kusapezeka kwa umuna m'mabisidwe achinsinsi. Izi ndichifukwa choti shuga wambiri amakhudza matendawa am'mitsempha, zomwe zimakhudza kuphwanya magazi m'magazi.

Funso lotsatira ndilakuti ngati mwana wobadwa kwa makolo omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga azikhala ndi matendawa. Palibe yankho lenileni la funsoli. Matendawa pawokha sapereka kwa mwana. Amatha kudziwa zam'tsogolo.

Mwanjira ina, mothandizidwa ndi zina zakunyinyirika, mwana akhoza kudwala matenda a shuga. Amakhulupirira kuti chiopsezo chotenga matendawa nchachikulu ngati bambo ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Mwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa, msambo umayamba kusokonekera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kukhala woyembekezera ndi kovuta kwambiri. Kuphwanya maziko a mahomoni kumabweretsa kubala. Koma ngati wodwala amene ali ndi matenda opunduka, zimavuta kutenga pakati.

Njira ya kubereka pakati pa odwala matenda ashuga ndi yovuta. Mzimayi amafunika kuwunika pafupipafupi shuga amkati ndi acetone mkodzo wake. Kutengera ndi trimester ya mimba, mlingo wa insulin umasintha.

Mu trimester yoyamba, imachepa, kenako imakula kwambiri kangapo ndipo kumapeto kwa mimba mlingo umatsanso. Mayi woyembekezera azisunga shuga. Mitengo yapamwamba imatsogolera ku fetal diabetesic fetopathy.

Ana kuchokera kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amabadwa ndi kulemera kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri ziwalo zawo zimagwira ntchito, mwana amazindikira kuti ndi mtima. Pofuna kupewa kubadwa kwa mwana wodwala, mkazi ayenera kukonzekera kukhala ndi pakati, nthawi yonseyo imawonedwa ndi endocrinologist ndi gynecologist. Kangapo m'miyezi 9 mkazi ayenera kuchipatala mu dipatimenti ya endocrinology kuti asinthe mlingo wa insulin.

Kupereka kwa amayi odwala kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito gawo la cesarean. Kubadwa kwachilengedwe sikuloledwa kwa odwala chifukwa cha chiwopsezo cha kutaya magazi kwa retinal panthawi yovutikira.

Kodi mungakhale bwanji osangalala ndi matenda ashuga?

Mtundu 1 umakula, monga lamulo, muubwana kapena unyamata. Makolo a ana oterewa adadzidzimuka, kuyesa kupeza ochiritsa kapena zitsamba zamatsenga zomwe zingathandize kuchiritsa matenda awa. Tsoka ilo, palibe mankhwala ochiritsa matendawa. Kuti mumvetsetse izi, muyenera kungoganiza: chitetezo cha mthupi "chapha" maselo a kapamba, ndipo thupi silitulutsanso insulini.

Ochiritsa ndi wowerengeka azitsamba sangathandize kubwezeretsa thupi ndikupangitsa kuti hormone yofunikira ikhalenso yofunikira. Makolo muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti palibe chifukwa chothana ndi matendawa, muyenera kuphunzira momwe mungakhalirebe ndi matenda.

Nthawi yoyamba atazindikira m'mutu wa makolo ndi mwana mwiniyo adzakhala chidziwitso chochuluka:

• kuwerengedwa kwamoto wama mkate ndi mndandanda wa glycemic,
• kuwerengetsa kolondola kwa mankhwala a insulin,
• chakudya chabwino ndi cholakwika.

Musaope nazo zonsezi. Kuti achikulire ndi ana amve bwino, banja lonse liyenera kupita kusukulu ya matenda ashuga.

Ndipo kenako kunyumba khalani ndi zolemba zodziletsa, zomwe zingasonyeze:

• chakudya chilichonse
• jakisoni wopangidwa
• shuga m'magazi
• Zizindikiro za acetone mkodzo.

Kanema kuchokera kwa Dr. Komarovsky onena za matenda a shuga kwa ana:

Makolo sayenera kuletsa mwana wawo mnyumbamo: kumuletsa kukumana ndi abwenzi, kuyenda, kupita kusukulu. Kuti muthandizike m'banjamo, muyenera kukhala mutasindikiza magome amiyeso ya mkate ndi mndandanda wamatumbo Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kugula masikelo apakhitchini omwe mungawerengere mosavuta kuchuluka kwa XE mu mbale.

Nthawi iliyonse shuga akamatuluka kapena kugwa, mwana ayenera kukumbukira zomwe akumva. Mwachitsanzo, shuga wambiri amatha kupweteketsa mutu kapena pakamwa pouma. Ndi shuga wotsika, thukuta, manja akunjenjemera, kumverera kwanjala. Kukumbukila izi kumathandizira mwana mtsogolo kuzindikira tsogolo lake popanda glucometer.

Izi ndizofunikira kuti pachitika ngozi, mwachitsanzo, kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi, anthu amuthandize.

Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala moyo wonse:

• pitani kusukulu
• khalani ndi abwenzi
• kuyenda
• kusewera masewera.

Pokhapokha pokhapokha amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.

Kuzindikiritsa mtundu wa matenda ashuga a 2 kumapangidwa ndi anthu okalamba, kotero cholinga chake ndikuchepetsa thupi, kukana zizolowezi zoyipa, zakudya zoyenera.

Kutsatira malamulo onse kumakupatsani mwayi kulipira matenda a shuga kwa nthawi yayitali pokhapokha mutamwa mapiritsi. Kupanda kutero, insulin imayikidwa mwachangu, zovuta zimayamba mwachangu kwambiri. Moyo wa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga umangodalira iye ndi banja lake. Matenda a shuga si chiganizo koma njira ya moyo.

Zakudya ndi zakudya zoyenera za matenda ashuga a 2

Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa chakudya chamagulu ambiri tsiku lililonse, maselo amthupi amataya insulin. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi - ngati muphwanya malamulowo, kuchuluka kwa glucose komwe kumadutsa m'magazi kumafikira kwambiri komanso kumakhalabe nako.

Ma tebulo omwe amathandizira odwala matenda ashuga amapangitsa kuti zikhale zokhazikika zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale insulin, kubwezeretsa kuthekera kwa shuga.

Mfundo zoyambira

Odwala ayenera kukumbukira kufunika kotsatira malamulo ena:

1. Zakudya zambiri zopatsa mphamvu zamagetsi ziyenera kudyedwa mpaka 3 koloko masana.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito yogati ndi mtedza kumalimbikitsidwa ngati mchere - kukonza mafuta obwera kumachepetsa kuyamwa kwa shuga.
3. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ziyenera kuchitika nthawi yomweyo - kusintha kagayidwe, kusintha magayidwe am'mimba.
4. Kuti apange machulukidwe, kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga wosavuta, masamba abwino omwe amapangidwa mu CHIKWANGWANI chazomera amawonjezeredwa pachakudya chilichonse.
5. Madzi okwanira - malita ndi theka.
6. Zakudya zabwino masana - mpaka kasanu ndi kamodzi. Zakudya zazing'ono zazomwe zimaletsa insulin zimaloledwa.
7. Kuthana ndi shuga ndi choloweza mmalo otetezedwa, mokhazikika pazovomerezeka (kusunga miyambo ya tsiku ndi tsiku).
8. Ndiosafunika chakudya chilichonse pambuyo masewera olimbitsa thupi.
9. Kuletsedwa kwa mchere kapena kuchepa koyenera kwa voliyumu yake kumapeto.
10. Kukana mafuta azakudya zam'mimba zomwe zimapezeka m'zakudya.
11. Kuphatikiza kwa maswiti kuchokera ku zoziziritsa kukhosi ndikupewa kuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa shuga mumagazi. Pang'ono pang'ono ndizololedwa ndi chakudya chachikulu cha nthawi zitatu.
12. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zophikira pakudya.
13. Kuchepetsa kwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, mpaka kuwachotsa.
14. Kuchepetsa kapena kuthetsa zovuta zamafuta.
15. Kuchepetsa kwa mafuta zamafuta.
16. Kuchepetsa zonse zama calori m'mbale mukamakhala ndi mphamvu.
17. Kufunika kwa mphamvu ya kadyedwe kuyenera kufanana ndi mtengo wa thupi - kuchulukirapo kungayambitse kulemera.

Zidziwitso zamagulu

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwazinthu zilizonse kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga mumtsinje wamagazi kumatchedwa "index ya hyperglycemic." Mtengo umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, ndipo wodwalayo amadalira insulin kwambiri. Zogulitsa zilizonse zimakhala ndi GI; kuchuluka kwa shuga pambuyo podya kumadalira kutalika kwa chizindikirocho.

Mlozera wa glycemic umagawika ku:

• Kuchulukitsa - zopitilira 70,
• Zopitilira - kuchokera pa 45 mpaka 60,
• Otsika - ochepera 45.

Makhalidwe apamwamba ndi apakati samasiyanitsidwa ndi chakudya, chomaliza chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. Gawo lalikulu la zakudya limapangidwa ndi GI yotsika.

Njira yochepetsera kudya zamathupi m'thupi ndi "mkate". Dzinalo limachokera ku "njerwa" ya mkate. Gawo la gramu 25 ndilofanana 1 XE (yonse, iyi ndi theka la mkate).

Pafupifupi zakudya zonse zili ndi chakudya chamagulu - kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kufanana ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin. Lingaliro la kuwerengera limalandiridwa ndi malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kusankha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala.

Zambiri za zakudya zabwino za odwala matenda ashuga

Kuti mukhale ndi mtundu wofanana ndi mtundu wa matenda ashuga 2, muyenera kutsatira malamulowo:

• Sizoletsedwa kufa ndi njala
• Sichabwino kupuma nthawi yayitali pakudya,
• Simungakane kadzutsa
• Woyamba kudya masamba panthawi yakudya, ndipo pambuyo pawo - zinthu za mapuloteni (tchizi cha kanyumba, nyama),
• Zakudya zopangidwa siziyenera kutentha kapena kuzizira,
• Chakudya chomaliza sichichitika pasanathe maola awiri asanagone,
• Ndi vuto lakumimba kwa masamba osaphika, tikulimbikitsidwa kuphika,
• Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzimatulutsa, kupanga makina, kuwapanga kukhala omenya, ndikuwonjezera misuzi,
• Popanga nyama yoboola, mkatewo amaikidwa, amasinthidwa ndi oatmeal, masamba,
• Pamaso pa chakudya chamagulu (gawo lochulukirapo), amamuthandizira ndi mapuloteni kapena mafuta ololedwa - kuti achepetse kugaya ndi kulowetsedwa,
• Zakumwa zololedwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito chakudya musanadye.

Zakudya zonse ziyenera kutafunidwa bwino, zidutswa zikuluzikulu sizitha kuthamangitsidwa ndi kuwameza.

Zakudya Zololedwa

Matendawa amakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya zinthu pazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku:

1. Monga maziko a sopo, nyama yokhazikika yofooka, msuzi wa nsomba umagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kuphika pamtengo msuzi. Madzi oyambira msuzi amathiridwa ndipo wachiwiri okha ndiye amayamba kuphika. Pafupipafupi kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya musamadye kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri.
2. Pa maphunziro achiwiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kutenga nsomba yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa - carp, pike, hake, nsomba kapena pollock. Mwa nyama yopanda mafuta, nkhuku kapena nkhuku yamphaka ndiyabwino.
3. Mkaka wowawasa kapena mkaka uyenera kukhala ndi mafuta ochepa a nyama - tchizi tchizi, yogati, yogati, kefir, mkaka wowotchera.
4. Pakati pa sabata la kalendala, amaloledwa kudya mapuloteni ochulukirapo anayi kuchokera ku mazira a nkhuku - a omeletiki otentha. Ma yolks a mtundu wa 2 shuga ndi oletsedwa kotheratu.
5. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito chimanga chopangidwa kuchokera ku buckwheat, barele la ngale, oatmeal kamodzi patsiku.
6. Zinthu zophika buledi m'zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku siziposa magalamu 300, mumakonda zakudya zambiri, tirigu, rye kapena kuphika ndi ufa wa tirigu wachiwiri.
7. Masamba amadzimadzi amaphatikizidwa muzakudya - kolifulawa, kabichi yoyera, mphukira za Brussels, nkhaka, tomato, biringanya, nyemba, kohlrabi, zitsamba zatsopano.
8. Masamba omwe ali ndi mashupi ambiri, masamba otentha (mbatata, kaloti, beets) amaloledwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata, munthawi yakusokonekera kwambiri samaperekedwa muzakudya.
9. Zipatso ndi zipatso ziyenera kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa ascorbic acid - malalanje, mphesa, mandimu, cranberries, ofiira kapena achikuda currants.
10. Monga mankhwala otsekemera, confectionery imalimbikitsidwa, yomwe imapanga zinthu zogulitsa odwala matenda ashuga, mabisiketi - ma cookie owuma.
11. Mwa zakumwa adaloleza msuzi wa rosehip, madzi akumwa abwino, zipatso ndi mabulosi pamakoma okoma, phwetekere, nkhaka zamasamba, zobiriwira, tiyi wazitsamba, mkaka waimfa, madzi amchere osakhala ndi mpweya.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zololedwa pokhapokha kumathandizira kupewa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga mumtsinje wamagazi, ndikuchotsa kuwonjezeka kwokhazikika kwa kulemera kwa thupi. Zogulitsa zabwino zomwe sizingakhudze kulemera ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose kulibe. Iliyonse imakhala ndi zake zomwe mulingo woyipa umayipa.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto lolemera lotha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono, poyerekeza ndi kusowa kwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza pa kuwerengera kosatha kwa shuga, odwala amalangizidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito magome a zopatsa mphamvu. Kilogalamu iliyonse yowonjezera kulemera imakhudza ntchito ya minofu ya mtima, magazi.

Zakudya Zakudya Zolimbikitsidwa

Malonda oletsedwa amaphatikizidwa pamndandanda:

• Nthochi
• Mwanawankhosa, wonenepa,
• Zakudya zonunkhira
• Jam
• Tchizi chowoneka bwino ndi mafuta ambiri,
• Milo
• Ma Yoghurts ndi ma flavorings, okhazikika,
• Zukini,
• Chinyengo
• Chimanga
• Pasitala wopangidwa kuchokera ku tirigu woyamba
• Wokondedwa
• Ayisikilimu kuphatikiza ayezi wazipatso
• Jam
• Mpunga, semolina,
• Shuga
• Kuphika batala, ma muffins, tchizi chanyumba, makeke,
• Maswiti amitundu yonse,
• Mapulogalamu amunthu payokha zipatso zouma,
• Zokongoletsedwa ndi zowonjezera,
• Dzungu

Mtundu uliwonse wa zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zamafuta ochepa ndizoletsedwa. Zinthu zonse zomwe zili pamwambapa zili ndi GI yayitali kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mpaka kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito maswiti ovuta kwa wodwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kungayambitse khansa ya hyperglycemic.

Malangizo Olimbikitsidwa Pamlungu

Ndi mtundu 2 wa matenda ashuga, zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana, chokoma ndipo, koposa zonse, ndizothandiza. Chakudya chilichonse chimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito madzi asanafike - 250 ml nthawi imodzi, mkate - osapitirira 50 magalamu.

Nutritionists adapereka njira zambiri zopatsa thanzi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, momwe mumakhala mfundo yayikulu - chiwerengero chochepa chokhacho chomwe chimaperekedwa chimakhala chobwereza pafupipafupi masana.

M'malo mwa shuga

Ndichizolowezi kugawa magawo awiri akulu:

• Zoyambira mwachilengedwe - "Sorbitol", "Xylitol", "Stevia", "Fructose",
• Zopanga zopangira - "Saccharin", "Cyclamate", "Aspartame".

Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti asagwiritse ntchito gawo limodzi lokha lolowa m'malo - posintha, wodwalayo amasankha zoyenera kwambiri mthupi lake. Ndizosatheka kukangana pa chisankho choyenera - monga momwe kulibe zinthu zofanana, palibe mankhwala abwino kwambiri.

Chogulitsachi chimadalira pentinol, mtundu wa mowa wa pentahydric.

Amapangidwa kuchokera ku malonda amtundu wamatope, zotsalira za chimanga.

Xylitol amatanthauza zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri:

• Kutsekemera kumafanana ndi gawo limodzi (mogwirizana ndi wamba, nzimbe),
• Mtengo wamagetsi ndi 3.67 kcal kapena 15.3 kJ / g.

Pogwiritsa ntchito Xylitol, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu.

Dzina lachiwiri la wogwirizira wa shuga wachilengedwe ndi Sorbitol.

Mtundu wake wachilengedwe, umapezeka mu zipatso ndi zipatso; zipatso za phulusa lamapiri ndizopamwamba kwambiri.

Thupi limapangidwa ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni a shuga.

Ndi ufa wopanda utoto wamtundu wamakristali, wosungunuka mosavuta m'madzi, osagwirizana ndi madzi otentha, kukoma kokoma. Magawo ofunikira:

• Kukhathamiritsa kwa kanthetemya kotentha - mpaka mayunitsi 0,54,
• Mtengo wamagetsi - 3.5 kcal kapena 14.7 kJ / g.

Zopatsa mphamvu zama calorie zomwe zili ndi matendawa sizingalole kuti wodwalayo achepetse thupi, zimafunika kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa ndalamayo pakugwiritsa ntchito. Kunyalanyaza malamulo oti mutenge zotsekemera kumapangitsa kuti thupi lizikula kwambiri. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kulemera thupi mosavuta ndipo zimavuta kuzichotsa. Izi zikugwirizana ndi kufunika kwa zokhwasula-khwasula musanatumikire insulin.

Stevia kapena tsamba iwiri lokoma

Zinthu zothandiza za chinthu zimaphatikizapo:

• Mlingo wazakudya zotsekemera za gawo limodzi la chinthucho ndi wofanana ndi magawo 300 a shuga,
• Sizikulitsa kuchuluka kwamasamba amwazi,
• Ili ndi mphamvu zopanda pake.

Ziyeso zamankhwala sizinatsimikizire zoyesayesa za shuga zomwe zimakhala mumalowo, adazindikira zabwino:

• Imathandizira kuchotsa mkodzo m'thupi,
• Kupitilira pa pathogenic microflora,
• Kuwononga matenda oyamba ndi fungus omwe aloze thupi,
• Amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

"Stevia" ndi yabwino kwa mitundu yonse ya matenda ashuga komanso kuuma kwake.

Monga gwero lenileni la shuga wogwirizira, mankhwalawa agwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka pafupifupi zana.

Imayimiriridwa ndi kulawa kowawa ndi Ufa wamafuta womwe umasungunuka bwino mu zakumwa. Kuti tichotsere zowawa za zinthuzo, zimaphatikizidwa ndi dextrose buffer.

Saccharin ndi osafunika kuwira ndikusungunuka m'madzi otentha kwambiri - pansi pa izi, zimakhala zowawa. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti liziongeza muzakudya zopangidwa kale ndikukazipaka mu madzi otentha. Thupi limodzi limafanana ndi zigawo 450 za nzimbe za nzimbe (zofanana muyezo wa kutsekemera).

Mukalowa m'matumbo am'mimba, thunthu limatengedwa kwathunthu ndi matumbo, limadziunjikira minofu yambiri. Saccharin yambiri imakhazikika mu chikhodzodzo. Amakhulupirira kuti malonda ake ndi otetezeka, koma poyesa nyama, munthu payekhapayekha, ma neoplasms oyipa amapezeka mu chikhodzodzo.

Zakudya zamankhwala zokhala ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 ziyenera kufotokozedwera ndi katswiri wowachiritsa komanso katswiri wazakudya. Azilingalira momwe wodwalayo alili, kuwunika kunenepa komanso kufunika kwa kuchepa thupi. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse zoopsa za zakudya zopatsa thanzi kwambiri komanso zovuta zamafuta owonjezera thupi.

Kusankha kwa wogwirizira shuga wogwirizira kuyenera kuchitika ndi adokotala - aziganizira kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kazake, kufunika kochepetsa thupi.