Momwe mungakonzekerere zopereka zamagazi a glycated hemoglobin?

Glycosylated hemoglobin ndi gawo la hemoglobin yonse yoyendayenda m'magazi yokhudzana ndi shuga. Chizindikiro ichi chimayezedwa peresenti ndipo ilinso ndi mayina ena: glycated hemoglobin, HbA1C kapena chabe A1C. Ngati shuga wambiri m'magazi, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni okhala ndi chitsulo kumakhala glycosylated.

Ngati mukukayikira shuga kapena ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, kuyezetsa magazi kwa HbA1C ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ndikothekanso kuzindikira matendawa ndikuwunika momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira pokhapokha pozindikira chizindikiro monga glycosylated hemoglobin. Zomwe A1C zimawonetsa mwina ndizomveka kuchokera dzinali. Zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi atatu apitawa. Chifukwa cha chidziwitso ichi, ndizotheka kuzindikira matenda ashuga munthawi yake ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo chanthawi. Kapenanso onetsetsani kuti matendawo kulibe.

Kwa ana ndi akulu omwe

Kuyesedwa kwenikweni padziko lonse lapansi ndi kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa glycosylated hemoglobin. Izi ndizofanana kwa onse akulu ndi ana. Komabe, kusintha dala zotsatira sikugwira ntchito. Zimachitika kuti odwala pokhapokha mayeso okonzekera asanatengepo amatenga malingaliro ndikuchepetsa kudya kwawo kwa shuga kuti zotsatira za kayendetsedwezo zizikhala bwino. Nambala iyi sigwira ntchito pano. Chiyeso cha hemoglobin cha glycosylated chitha kudziwa ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga atsatira malangizo onse a dokotala miyezi itatu yapitayi kapena ayi.

Mapindu ake

Phunziro lotere ndilabwino kwa onse madokotala komanso odwala. Kodi maubwino ake pa kuyesedwa kwa shuga ndimagazi ndi njira yanji yololera?

• Phunziroli litha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse yamatsiku ndipo mwina pamimba yopanda kanthu,
• kusanthula kwa glycosylated hemoglobin ndikulondola kuposa zoyesa zina ndipo kumakupatsani mwayi wofufuza matendawa kale,
• Phunziroli ndi losavuta komanso lofulumira poyerekeza ndi kusanthula kwina ndipo limakupatsani yankho lomveka bwino la funso ngati munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga,
• kusanthula kumapangitsa kuwona momwe munthu wodwala matenda ashuga amawonera bwino magazi m'miyezi itatu yapitayo,
• kutsimikiza kwa glycosylated hemoglobin kutha kuchitika, ngakhale mukulimbikitsidwa ndi zinthu monga zinthu zovuta kapena chimfine.

Zotsatira zakuwunika ndizodziyimira:

• ngakhale azipereka pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena atadya,
• kuyambira nthawi ya tsiku lopewetsa magazi.
• kuchokera kuzolimbitsa thupi zakale,
• kumwa mankhwala, kupatulapo mapiritsi a shuga,
• kutengera momwe wodwalayo akumvera,
• kuchokera pamaso pa matenda.

Zoyipa

Pamodzi ndi zabwino zowonekera, kafukufuku wa glycosylated hemoglobin ali ndi zovuta zingapo. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• mtengo wokwanira wowunika poyerekeza ndi mayeso a misempha yamagazi,
• kupotoza zotsatira za odwala hemoglobinopathies ndi kuchepa magazi,
• Kwa anthu ena, kuphatikiza kwapakati pa glucose wapakati komanso mseru wa hemoglobin wa glycosylated
• M'madera ena palibe njira yopitilira kusanthula koteroko,
• Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti hemoglobin ya glycosylated imakulitsidwa ngati munthu ali ndi mphamvu yochepa ya mahomoni a chithokomiro, ngakhale kuti shuga ya magazi imakhalabe yolipidwa,
• ngati wodwala atenga mavitamini E ndi C muyezo waukulu, mayesowo atha kuwonetsa otsika kwambiri a HbA1C (mawu awa amakhalabe otsutsana).

Chifukwa chiyani muyenera kusanthula?

Phunziroli limakupatsani mwayi wofufuza matenda ashuga mwa munthu, komanso kuunika kuupeza. Kwa iwo omwe adapezeka kuti ali ndi matendawa, kuyesa kwa glycosylated hemoglobin kumawonetsa momwe amawongolera matendawa komanso ngati amatha kutsata shuga wamwazi pamlingo woyandikira. Chizindikiro ichi chazindikiritso cha matenda ashuga chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira chaka cha 2011 pakulimbikitsa kwa WHO. Odwala onse ndi madokotala adatha kale kuti athe kuwunika momwe kusunthira kusunthira kungakhalire.

Glycosylated hemoglobin: wabwinobwino

• Ngati mulingo wa HbA1C m'magazi ndi wochepera 5.7%, ndiye kuti munthu zonse zili mu dongosolo la kagayidwe kazakudya ndipo chiopsezo cha matenda a shuga ndi ochepa.
• Ngati mulingo wa glycosylated hemoglobin m'mwazi wapezeka mkati mwa 5.7-6%, ndiye kuti palibe shuga, koma mwayi wakukula kwake ukuwonjezeka kale. Zikakhala zoterezi, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya zamagulu ochepa popewa. Ndikupangidwanso kuti muphunzire za malingaliro monga "insulin kukana" ndi "metabolic syndrome".
• Ngati zapezeka kuti mulingo wa HbA1C m'magazi uli m'magawo 6.1-6.4%, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga chayamba kale. Munthu ayenera kuyamba kutsatira zakudya zamagulu ochepa ndikuwakhala ndi moyo wathanzi.
• Zikapezeka kuti mulingo wa glycosylated hemoglobin m'magazi uposa 6.5%, matenda ashuga amapezeka koyamba. Kuti mutsimikizire izi, pangani maphunziro owonjezera angapo.

Ndipo ndizizindikiro ziti za anthu omwe ali kale ndi matenda ashuga omwe ayenera kukhala ndi glycosylated hemoglobin? Palibe chizolowezi pamenepa: kuchepetsa wodwalayo kwa HbA1C, bwino matendawo adalipiridwira m'miyezi itatu yapitayo.

Magazi a glucase pamimba

Munthawi ya bere, kusanthula kwa HbA1C ndi imodzi mwazomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse magazi. Koma, malinga ndi akatswiri, kuphunzira koteroko panthawi yapakati ndikusankha koyipa, ndikwabwino kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa shuga mwanjira ina. Chifukwa chiyani? Tsopano tiyeni tilingalire.

Choyamba, tiyeni tikambirane za kuopsa kwa shuga wambiri mwa mayi amene wanyamula mwana. Chowonadi ndi chakuti izi zitha kuchititsa kuti mwana wosabadwa akhale wamkulu kwambiri, zomwe zimasokoneza njira yobadwira mwana ndipo imatha kuwasokoneza. Izi ndizowopsa kwa mwana komanso kwa mayi. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, mitsempha yamagazi imawonongeka, ntchito ya impso imalephera, ndipo masinthidwe amawonongeka. Izi sizingawoneke nthawi yomweyo - zovuta zimadzaonekera pambuyo pake. Koma pambuyo pa zonse, kubereka mwana ndi theka chabe mwa nkhondo, imafunikabe kuleredwa, ndipo izi zimafunikira thanzi.

Panthawi yapakati, shuga m'magazi amatha kuchuluka m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina izi sizikhala ndi zisonyezo zilizonse, ndipo mzimayi samakayikiranso kupezeka kwa zovuta zilizonse. Ndipo panthawiyi, mwana wosabadwayo akukula mwachangu mkati mwake, ndipo monga chotulukapo chake, mwana amabadwa ndi kulemera kwa ma kilogalamu 4.5-5. Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kudya ndikukhazikika kwa ola limodzi ndi anayi. Kenako amagwira ntchito yake yowononga. Koma ngati mungayang'ani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti izikhala yopanda malire.

Kuwunikira kwa HbA1C mwa amayi apakati

Chifukwa chiyani amayi omwe ali ndi mwana samalimbikitsidwa kuti ayesere magazi a glycosylated hemoglobin? Chowonadi ndi chakuti chizindikirochi chimangokulira pamene glucose m'magazi adakweza kwa miyezi iwiri kapena itatu. Nthawi zambiri mwa amayi apakati, shuga amayamba kukwera pofika mwezi wachisanu ndi chimodzi, motero, hemoglobin ya glycosylated imangokulitsidwa pofika mwezi wachisanu ndi chitatu mpaka wa chisanu ndi chinayi, pamene pali nthawi yochepa kwambiri isanachitike.Potere, zotsatirapo zoyipa sizingapewerekonso.

Kodi amayi oyembekezera azigwiritsa ntchito chiyani poyesa HbA1C?

Chiyeso chololera maora awiri ndi bwino. Imachitika mu labotale pafupipafupi kamodzi kwa masabata awiri mutadya. Komabe, izi zitha kuwoneka ngati ntchito yovuta, kotero mutha kugula mita ya shuga m'magazi ndikuyesa mulingo wa shuga ndi theka la ola, ola ndi ola ndi theka mutatha kudya. Ngati zotsatirazi sizidutsa 6.5 mmol pa lita, ndiye kuti palibe chodandaula. Ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose kuli mulingo wa 6.6-7.9 mmol pa lita, ndiye kuti vutoli limatha kutchedwa lokwanira. Koma ngati shuga ali kuchokera 8mmol pa lita imodzi ndi pamwambapa, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti muchepetse mulingo wake. Muyenera kusinthira ku chakudya chamafuta ochepa, koma nthawi yomweyo idyani kaloti, beets, zipatso tsiku lililonse kupewa ketosis.

Kodi ndi matenda ati a HbA1C omwe odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyesetsa?

Ndikofunika kuti anthu odwala matenda ashuga azitha kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated yomwe ili pansi pa 7% ndikuisunga. Pankhaniyi, matendawa amawaganiziridwa bwino komanso chiwopsezo cha zovuta zimachepa. Zabwino koposa, mulingo wa HbA1C uyenera kukhala wotsika 6.5%, koma ngakhale chiwerengerochi si malire. Mwa anthu opatsa thanzi omwe ali ndi metabolism ya carbohydrate, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi nthawi zambiri kumakhala 4,2-6,6%, womwe umafanana ndi glucose pafupifupi 4-8,8 mmol pa lita. Apa ndikofunikira kuyesetsa kuzitsimikizira.

Glycosylated hemoglobin: momwe mungayesedwe?

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kafukufukuyu akhoza kuchitika nthawi ina iliyonse masana. Zotsatira zake sizingapotozedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, zilibe kanthu kuti mutayezetsa pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena mutatha kudya. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa HbA1C, kuyezetsa magazi kuchokera mu mtsempha kapena chala kumachitika (kutengera ndi komwe glycosylated hemoglobin analyzer). Ngati pakuwunika koyamba kuwululidwa kuti mulingo wa HbA1C ndi wochepera 5.7%, ndiye mtsogolomo zikhale zokwanira kuwongolera chizindikirochi kamodzi pachaka chilichonse. Ngati zomwe zili za glycosylated hemoglobin zili mu 5.7-6.4%, ndiye kuti kafukufuku wachiwiri uyenera kuchitika chaka chimodzi. Ngati matenda a shuga apezeka kale, koma mulingo wa HbA1C sapitirira 7%, kuyesedwa mobwerezabwereza kumachitika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse. Ngati chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chayamba posachedwa, njira zamankhwala zasinthidwa kapena wodwalayo sangathe kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, cheki chimakhazikitsidwa miyezi itatu iliyonse.

Pomaliza

Poyesa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycosylated, odwala matenda ashuga amakakamizidwa kuti azigwirizana pakati pa kufunika kokhala ndi shuga wochepa wamagazi komanso chiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia. Odwala amaphunzira zojambulajambula izi moyo wawo wonse. Koma ngati mumatsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa, mutha kuyambitsa kukhalapo kwanu. Kuchepetsa kudya kwa michere, anthu odwala matenda ashuga ochepa amafunika mankhwala a insulin ndi shuga, ndipo amachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi hypoglycemia. Khalani athanzi!

Kodi glycated hemoglobin imayesedwa bwanji?

Ngati shuga wa latent wapezeka kuti ndiwochuluka kuposa wabwinobwino, dokotala nthawi zonse amawunika magazi mopitilira apo ndipo si wodwala aliyense amene amadziwa kupereka hemoglobin ya glycated komanso ngati kukonzekera kumafunikira. Koma ndizochokera pazinthu izi zomwe nthawi zambiri sizimangotengera kuzindikira kapena kutsimikizira kwa matendawo, komanso kuwunika momwe mathandizowo amathandizira.

M'malo mwake, hemoglobin ya glycated ndi mapuloteni omwe amapezeka m'maselo ofiira a magazi omwe apezeka ndi shuga kwa nthawi yayitali. Kutalika kwa moyo kwa hemoglobin yotereku kumadalira maselo ofiira amwazi. Pafupifupi, moyo wake wogwirira ntchito ndi masiku 120.Kutalika kwa ntchito yama cell ofiira, kumakupatsani mwayi wazovuta zomwe zingachitike mthupi miyezi itatu yapitayo.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kusanthula kwa hemoglobin ya glycated sikungapereke chidziwitso chokwanira pokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe amapezeka patsiku linalake. Amatha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwapafupifupi kuchuluka kwa miyezi itatu yokha yathunthu.

Kutumiza kwa kusanthula kwa hemoglobin wa glycated nthawi zina sikungakhale kosankha kwa dokotala. Kupenda kungaperekedwe kuti mupeze shuga la magazi kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo atapempha wodwalayo, amakhala ndi nkhawa za thanzi lake. Kutengera komwe kusantaku kunatengedwa, zotulukapo zake zidzakonzeka koyambirira tsiku lotsatira, pambuyo pake patsiku. Kusanthula sikumayikidwa nthawi zonse mukazindikira shuga m'magazi masiku aposachedwa. Nthawi zina, amalembera madandaulo a wodwala za mawonekedwe amodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti magazi oyesedwa a glycosylated hemoglobin amakulolani kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola kuposa shuga woperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Pakadali pano, zitsanzo zamagazi zamtunduwu zowerengeka zimachitika m'njira ziwiri, kuchokera ku mtsempha ndi chala. Kuchokera pa njira yosankhidwa ndi mtundu wa chosinkhira ntchito, zotsatira zake nthawi zina zimatha kukhala ndizosiyana. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti mawunikidwe nthawi zonse ndi njira yomweyo komanso mu labotale yomweyo.

Nthawi zina ndi pati komwe kusanthula kumayikidwa komanso momwe angakonzekere bwino

Pali zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zikusonyeza kuti thupi limakhala ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi shuga. Chifukwa chake, dokotala atha kukuwuzani kuwunika kwa hemoglobin wa glycated:

• Nthawi zambiri ludzu komanso pakamwa louma
• Pafupipafupi komanso yodziwika ndi kutalika kwakukulu pokodza,
• Kutopa,
• Kuchepetsa bala
• Kuwonongeka kowoneka bwino,
• Kuchulukitsa chilakolako.

Kuphatikiza pa zizindikiro izi, kuwunikiranso kumasindikizidwanso:

• Kuvutika ndi kukakamizidwa kutsika (matenda oopsa),
• Kukhala ndi moyo wosatopa,
• Omwe ali ndi cholesterol yotsika
• Amayi omwe amapezeka ndi ovary ya polycystic,
• Ngati pali matenda amtima.

Mosasamala kanthu za chifukwa chomwe anawunikira, njira yonse yokonzekera imachitika malinga ndi momwe zinaliri. Ngakhale kuti mitundu yambiri ya kusanthula imafunikira kukonzekera kwakukulu momwe mungachotsere zakudya zamafuta m'zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi ndi zovuta zina. Kuti mupereke magazi molondola ku glycosylated hemoglobin, malamulo otero sayenera kutsatiridwa.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi kochitidwa pa glycosylated hemoglobin sizikhala ndi vuto lililonse pakudya. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuyezetsa magazi ndi m'mimba yonse komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu. M'njira zonsezi, kusanthula kumalizidwa molondola.

Kusuta, kumwa mowa ngakhalenso kuchepetsedwa chitetezo chokwanira chifukwa cha chitukuko, mwachitsanzo, matenda opatsirana, sizinthu zomwe zingakhudze zotsatira za kusanthula. Chofunikira chokha chomwe chiyenera kukwaniritsidwa maola angapo mayeso asanayesedwe ndikuletsa kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Mwayi wapadera pakuwunikaku ndikuti mutha kupereka magazi kuti muyezedwe osati m'mawa, komanso nthawi zina.

Zomwe zimakhudza zotsatira zake, momwe mungapewere kuthekera kwa yankho labodza

Ngakhale kuti magazi omwe amayesa kuyezetsa magazi a glycosylated hemoglobin akhoza kuchitika osati pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ndipo ngakhale mutadya kadzutsa kapena chamadzulo cham'mawa, kuwunika komwe kumachitika kudzakhala ndi zotsatira zolondola. Pali zinthu zina zomwe zingakhudze kulondola kwa zotsatirazi:

• Anemia
• Impso, chiwindi, magazi,
• Kuika magazi
• Matenda a chithokomiro.Panthawi imeneyi, munthu amakhala ndi hemoglobin wa glycosylated pafupipafupi kuposa wabwinobwino. Pachifukwa ichi, nthawi zambiri ndendeyi imayimira kukula kwa matenda ashuga,
• Mahomoni panthawi yoyembekezera amakhala akudumphadumpha, izi zimakhudza zotsatira zake. Chifukwa chake, amayi apakati ali osavomerezeka kuti apange kusanthula uku.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa, ngati pali kuchepa kwachitsulo mthupi, zotsatira za hemoglobin ya glycosylated zimawonetsanso kupezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa iwo.

Kuti zotsatira zake zizikhala ndi zolondola, muyenera kusankha labotale yoyenera komwe magazi adzatengedwe kuti akafufuze. Kupatula apo, zotsatira zolakwika sizimapezeka nthawi zonse chifukwa chonyalanyaza nthawi yokonzekera. Zomwe zili zolakwika sizikhala zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito phunziroli. Chifukwa chake, zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa ma labotor omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida zamakono. Pokhapokha mwa njira imeneyi padzakhala mwayi waukulu woti kuyezetsa magazi kunachitika molondola ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala ndi zolondola.

Simuyenera kuyesa ndikusanthula nthawi iliyonse mu labotale yatsopano. Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa bungwe lililonse zimasiyana mosiyana pazotsatira zowunika. Kuti kusanthula kumachitika nthawi zonse ndipo kumakhala ndi zotsatira zolondola, muyenera kukhulupilira kuyesedwa kwa magazi m'mankhwala amodzi okha.

Kodi kusanthula kwa hemoglobin kukuwonetsa chiyani?

Hemoglobin ndi mapuloteni okhala ndi magazi ofiira okhala ndi chitsulo. Udindo wake wachilengedwe ndi kayendedwe ka oxygen. Panthawi yogwirizana ndi glucose, amapanga mawonekedwe a glycated kapena glycosylated (HbA1c). Kuchita kotereku sikuli kwa matenda, pang'ono, mankhwala olimba komanso osasinthika amawonekera pamoyo wonse wamaselo ofiira a magazi (masiku 100 pafupifupi).

Shuga wambiri anali m'magazi (glycemia level) kwa miyezi itatu, hemoglobin yochulukirapo ikhoza kukhala yosagwira. Chifukwa chake, index ya glycated protein imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa kusinthasintha kwa shuga m'mbuyomu. Ngati glycemia wodwala ikafikiridwa, ndiye kuti kusintha kwa HbA1c sikudzachitika mwachangu, kupatula mwezi umodzi kumafunikira kuti muchepetse.

Glycated hemoglobin ndiye chizindikiro chodalirika cha kubwezeretsedwa kwa matenda ashuga. Mwa kufunika kwake, ndikotheka kuyesa kulondola kwa chithandizo chamankhwala, momwe wodwala amatsatirira pazolemba zake komanso zofunikira zolimbitsa thupi, zovuta zamatenda a shuga.

Ndi kuchepa kwa 1% yokha, chiopsezo cha kufa msanga chimatsika ndi pafupifupi chitatu, nephropathy (kuwonongeka kwa impso) - ndi 45%, ndi kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe, khungu chifukwa cha retinopathy (kusintha kwamitsempha yam'mimba) - mwa 37%.

Kusunga Zizindikiro pafupi ndi zabwinobwino, kumapereka matenda ashuga a achinyamata komanso okhwima moyo wokangalika, kuthekera kugwira ntchito, komanso chiopsezo chochepa cha matenda a mtima. Odwala okalamba, chifukwa cha kutsika kwakuthwa m'magulu a shuga, owonjezera pang'ono pazamoyo za HbA1c amaloledwa.

Ndipo pali zambiri za insulin pa matenda a shuga.

Zisonyezo za glycated hemoglobin

Kuyesedwa kwa hemoglobin kwa glycated kumalimbikitsidwa pazizindikiro zokhala ndi matenda a shuga:

• ludzu, kamwa yowuma mosalekeza
• kuchuluka kwamkodzo,
• zotupa pakhungu, furunculosis, pyoderma (zilonda zam'mimba), ziphuphu,
• matenda oyamba ndi fungus
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
• kulakalaka.

Pozindikira matenda amtundu 1 kapena mtundu wa matenda ashuga a 2, a sekondale kapena amiseche (mwa amayi apakati), kuyezetsa magazi ndikofunikira pakuwunika matendawa, kuwonetseratu kuopsa kwa zovuta komanso kukonza mankhwala.

HbA1c ndi cholosera (gawo lachitukuko chodziwika) cha:

• matenda ashuga retinopathy,
• nephropathy,
• zotupa zam'matumbo (microangiopathy ndi macroangiopathy), mafupa amitsempha (neuropathy),
• kusintha kwa minyewa ya muubongo (encephalopathy, stroke),
• myocardial infaration
• kupitirira kwa zotupa njira matumbo ndi mtundu 2 shuga.

Ngati phunziroli lilibe chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga, mulingo wabwinobwino wa glycemia umapezeka m'magazi kapena pang'ono kuposa zofananira, ndiye kutsimikiza kwa glycosylated hemoglobin kungathandize kuzindikira matenda obisika.

Kafukufuku wotere ndi wofunikira pazofunikira zowonekera:

• olemedwa ndi cholowa cha matenda ashuga,
• zaka 45
• kunenepa
• ochepa matenda oopsa
• kuphwanya chiŵerengero cha ma lipoprotein otsika komanso okwera malinga ndi mbiri ya lipid, cholesterol yayikulu,
• Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, azimayiwo anali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, mwana amabadwa wolemera makilogalamu 4.5 kapena kupitilira apo, anali ndi vuto lobereka kapena kubereka,
• kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali mankhwala a mahomoni,
• Matenda a chithokomiro, zotupa,
• kukulitsa kwa atherosulinosis mpaka zaka 45,
• matenda a khungu
• kulimbikira maphunziro a neurodermatitis, chikanga, atopic dermatitis,
• atachulukanso kwa kapamba.

Kukonzekera momwe mungaperekere magazi kuti muwunike pa hemoglobin ya glycated

Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino zakuwunikira kwa hemoglobin ya glycated ndi kusapezeka kwa zinthu zakunja - kusuta, kumwa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kupsinjika tsiku lomwe lapita, chifukwa chake, kukonzekera kwapadera sikofunikira. Phunziroli litha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse yabwino, mosasamala za chakudya, kapangidwe ka zakudya m'masiku apitawa.

Mwazi umatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha m'chipinda chamankhwala kapena malo osungirako magazi. Zowoneka zitsanzo za zida zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kunyumba. Zowonongeka zawo, monga mayeso yonse, ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri.

Ndikofunikira kulingalira njira yodziwira glycated hemoglobin. Itha kumasuka mosiyanasiyana m'mabotolo osiyanasiyana. Popeza ndikofunikira kwambiri kupirira ngakhale mutasintha pang'ono chizindikirocho, muyeso wonse wotsatira uyenera kuchitika mu bungwe lomwelo lazachipatala.

Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated pakuwunika kokwanira kwa munthu wathanzi wazaka

Mitengo yapakati yantchito yamadzimadzi amadzimadzi ndi 4.5-6.5%. Sizimasiyana kutengera mtundu wa nkhaniyo komanso zaka. Kuchuluka kwa mawonekedwe a glycated amatsimikiza ndikuchokera kwa magazi kwa miyezi itatu. Chifukwa chake sikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzindikire odwala omwe panthawiyi anali ndi magazi, magazi a magazi athunthu, maselo ofiira a magazi, opaleshoni yayikulu.

Zinthu zomwe zitha kupotoza zotsatira za kupenda kwa hemoglobin yonse

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa hemoglobin yonse ya glycated ndi monga:

• kuletsa kwa calorie kotalikira, zakudya zamafuta ochepa,
• masewera atali komanso olimbitsa, masewera olimbitsa thupi,
• mlingo waukulu wa insulin kapena mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga,
• kuchepa magazi pambuyo magazi kapena hemolytic (chiwonongeko cha maselo ofiira am'magazi), cell cell, thalassemia,
• kusintha kwa hemoglobin (hemoglobinopathies),
• insulinoma - chotupa cha pancreatic chotulutsa insulin, pomwe kuchuluka kwa glycemia mwa odwala kumakhala kotsika.

Onani vidiyoyi pa hemoglobin ya glycated:

Kuyesaku sikumayikidwa kwa ana osaposa zaka 2,5, chifukwa amakhala ndi hemoglobin m'magazi, omwe samamangidwa ndi mamolekyulu a glucose. Itha kuwonekeranso pambuyo pake - amayi apakati, omwe ali ndi khansa ya magazi, matenda a okosijeni omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima kapena mapapu. Kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka magazi, odwala matenda ashuga amapatsidwa tanthauzo la fructosamine.

Kukula kwakanthawi kotsogolera:

• kuchepa kwazitsulo
• kuchotsa ndulu,
• kugwiritsa ntchito vitamini B12, chitsulo, zolimbikitsira za erythropoiesis (mapangidwe a maselo ofiira m'magazi).

Zomwe glycated hemoglobin imachuluka

Ngati НbА1с idaposa 6.5%, ndiye kuti mtundu woyamba kapena wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga ndiwowonedwa kuti ndiwotheka kwambiri.

Mtengo pakati pa 5.7 ndi 6.5 peresenti ukapezeka pamutuwu, izi zikuwonetsa njira yobisika ya matenda ashuga. Zikatero, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo opatsa thanzi (kukana shuga ndi ufa woyera, mafuta a nyama), kugwiritsa ntchito thupi. Nthawi zina mankhwala (mwachitsanzo Siofor) amapatsidwa mankhwala a prophylactic.

Glycosylated hemoglobin mpaka 5.7% ndi chitsimikiziro chazomwe zidachitika gawo limodzi lapitalo. Achinyamata odwala matenda ashuga amayeneranso kuyesetsa kuti athandizidwe (pafupifupi 6%).

Kwa odwala okalamba, pamakhala chiopsezo cha zochitika za hypoglycemic zomwe zimalepheretsa kutuluka kwa glucose kupita ku minofu yaubongo. Chifukwa chake, kwa iwo, chindapusa chabwino cha matenda ashuga chimawerengedwa kuti HbA1c m'magawo 6.2-6.5%.

Kutengera ndi zomwe zalandiridwa (peresenti), dokotala amatha kudziwa magawo angapo oyang'anira odwala:

• kuchokera ku 7.5 - kusintha kwa njira zamankhwala ndikofunikira, chithandizo cham'mbuyomu sichothandiza, matenda ashuga ali ndi njira yowonongeka, wodwalayo ali ndi chiopsezo chowonongeka pamitundu yonse yamatumbo,
• pakati 7.1-7.5 - subcomproll, kuchuluka kwa zovuta komanso zovuta zovuta kumapitirirabe, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala, kuletsa kudya kosakhazikika, kuchita zolimbitsa thupi, kufufuza mozama mtima, mitsempha yaubongo, impso, fundus, mitsempha yotumphuka ya malekezero akufunika,
• pamwambapa 6.5, koma pansipa 7.1 - ndikofunikira kuyesa chiopsezo cha matenda a stroko komanso myocardial infarction, kuti muchepetse kupitilira kwa atherosulinosis.

Nthawi zochuluka motani

Mukamachita chithandizo cha matenda ashuga ndikuwunika njira ya prediabetes, ndikofunikira kumayesedwa kamodzi pa miyezi itatu iliyonse. Ngati panali kukonza kwa mankhwalawa, ndiye kuti kuyeza kuyenera pambuyo pa masabata 4 kapena 6. Ngati malingaliro abwinobwino amapezeka mwa wodwala pachiwopsezo, kudziwikanso ndikulimbikitsidwa pakatha chaka chimodzi.

Munthawi yakonzekera kukonzekera, azimayi omwe ali ndi mbiri yolembetseka (mwana wosabadwayo, polyhydramnios, kubereka, zovuta zapakati, toxosis yayikulu) kapena kudziwiratu kwamtsogolo kuyenera kuyesa mayeso miyezi 6 isanachitike. Kenako akuyenera kuwunikira zizindikirazi kamodzi pa miyezi 4 iliyonse ndi НbА1с.

Pazonse, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti akuluakulu onse amawunikira kamodzi pachaka

Kuchulukitsa kwa ma hemoglobin a glycated kumachitika

Pafupifupi, kusanthula kumachitika m'masiku 4-5. Ngati labotale sikupezeka mumzinda / m'mudzimo, ndiye kuti zotsatirapo zake zingathe kuyembekezeredwa sabata limodzi, ngati ntchito yotumizira maimelo sinaperekedwe.

Ndipo izi ndizambiri zokhudzana ndi shuga mu shuga.

Kupereka kwa magazi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumalimbikitsidwa kwa achikulire ndi ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo, komanso odwala kale omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kuti athe kuwunika kusintha kwamisempha m'miyezi itatu yapitayo. Komanso, kuwunikaku kukuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa zomwe wodwalayo waphunzira kusunga mitengo yokhazikika.

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kwa glucose kumachitika ngati matenda abwinobwino amakayikira. Imatha kukhala yotalikirapo, yolimba. Kukonzekera pang'ono kumafunikira musanawunike. Zomwe zimachitika mwa amayi apakati zimatha kusintha pang'ono, ndipo zotsatirapo zake zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha zinthu zina. Kodi nthawi yodikirira zotsatira zake ndi iti?

Ma laboratories a shuga okha ndi omwe amayeza kuchuluka kwa shuga mu shuga. Matenda a shuga amatha kupezeka ndi shuga. Pali chizindikiro chochepa, chovomerezeka komanso chovuta kwambiri. Kodi matenda ake ndi ati? Kodi shuga ndimtundu wanji wa shuga?

Insulin ndi yomwe imapangidwira matenda a shuga gestational ngati zakudya, zitsamba, ndi kusintha kwa moyo sizinathandize.Kodi chofunikira ndi chiyani kwa amayi apakati? Kodi amadwala matenda amtundu wanji a shuga?

Pali matenda a shuga kwa achinyamata chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso chibadwa. Zizindikiro zimawonetsedwa ndi ludzu, kukodza pokoka, ndi ena. Asachedwe matenda a shuga ali achichepere mwa akazi ndipo amuna amathandizidwa ndi zakudya, mankhwala, jakisoni wa insulin.

Onetsetsani kuti mwakhala mukuyesedwa mahormoni isanachitike. Nthawi zambiri amalembedwa ndi endocrinologist. Kodi ndikuyenera kudutsa chiyani nthawi ya kukula kwa mahomoni, ma steroids?

Kodi glycated hemoglobin ndi chiyani?

Pokhala molekyulu yapadera ya protein, hemoglobin ndi gawo la maselo ofiira a m'magazi. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusamutsa okosijeni kuchokera m'mapapu kupita kuzinthu zonse zamthupi, ndikuchokera kwa iwo - kubwerera kwa mpweya woipa (CO₂) kubwerera kumapapu. Molekyu yama protein ili m'gulu la zamoyo zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi njira yoyendera.

Hemoglobin imagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo, koma hemoglobin-A imadziwika kuti ndi yofala kwambiri. Mtunduwu umakhala ndi 95% ya hemoglobin yonse m'thupi. Hemoglobin-A imagawidwanso m'magulu angapo, imodzi ndi A1C. Ndiye amene amatha kumangiriza glucose, komwe kumatchedwa glycation kapena glycation. Ndipo akatswiri azambiri zamatsenga ambiri amatchula njira izi Maillard zimachitika.

Kufunika kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumathandiza kudziwa ngati kagayidwe kazakudya kali m'thupi, makamaka matenda amtundu uliwonse. Pali kulumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa mshuga wa glucose ndi kuchuluka kwa glycation: kukwera kwa shuga m'magazi, kumachuluka kwambiri.

Kutalika kwa kafukufukuyu kumachitika chifukwa chakuti nthawi yokhala ndi zochita za maselo ofiira a magazi imakhala pafupifupi miyezi itatu.

Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumayang'aniridwa ndendende munthawi ino.

Ndani ayenera kuyesedwa?

Ngati tikufanizira kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga ndi kuyezetsa magazi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated, ndiye kuti zomalizirazi ndi zolondola kwambiri.

Mukadutsa njira yodziwika bwino, zinthu zambiri zimatha kusintha zotsatira zake, mwachitsanzo, wodwala amatha kupita patali kwambiri ndi maswiti, matenda opatsirana kapena kachilombo, kupulumuka pakukhumudwa, ndi zina zotero. Kusanthula kwa hemoglobin ya glycated, komwe kumachitika kwa miyezi itatu, kumatha kuwonetsa shuga zomwe zili mwa wodwalayo.

Pali miyambo ya phunziroli kwa anthu athanzi. Koma ndikupanga matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumadutsa kwambiri izi. Phunziroli limachitika osati pongofuna kudziwa mtundu wa matenda, komanso kuwunika momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira. Pazotsatira zoyesedwa kwambiri, dokotala amasintha momwe wodwala amathandizira, ngakhale kuti ndi mankhwala a insulin kapena kumwa mankhwala a hypoglycemic.

Chifukwa chake, katswiri yemwe amapezekapo amafotokozera za phunziroli motere:

• kuzindikiritsa ndi kutsimikizira kwa chithandizo chamankhwala,
• kuyang'anira kwakanthawi kwamankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga,
• Zowonjezera pazokhudza kulolera kwa glucose,
• kuyesedwa kwa mayi ali ndi mwana kuti adziwe matenda a shuga.

Monga kafukufuku wina aliyense, kuyesa kwa hemoglobin ya glycated ili ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso malamulo ake obadwira, omwe akuyenera kutsatiridwa ndi kuzama konse.

Malamulo okonzekera kusanthula

M'malo mwake, kukonzekera zopereka zamagazi kulibe malamulo apadera. Ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi momwe angatengere: pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena ayi? Zilibe kanthu, chifukwa chake simuyenera kuda nkhawa ngati munthu mwadzidzidzi amamwa kapu ya tiyi kapena khofi m'mawa. Kafukufuku yemwe wachitika pafupifupi miyezi itatu adzatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yonse.

Magazi a Venous amatengedwa kuti aunikidwe, nthawi zambiri voliyumu yamapulogalamuyi ndi atatu cm. Komanso, imatha kupulumutsidwa nthawi iliyonse masana, osati m'mawa chabe. Kuyesaku sikungakhudzidwe ndi chisangalalo cha wodwalayo kapena mankhwala ake. Koma kuchepa kwakukulu kwa magazi kafukufukuyu asanawononge zotsatira zake. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito kwa amayi omwe amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali.Chifukwa chake, munthawi ngati imeneyi, wodwalayo ayenera kuyankhula ndi dokotala, yemwe adzayeseza kuyesako kwakanthawi.

Wodwala akalandira zotsatira zoyesedwa ndi dzanja, ndipo nthawi zambiri sizitenga masiku atatu, amawona "HbA1c" - uku ndikutanthauza mayeso a hemoglobin a glycated. Makhalidwe amatha kuwonetsedwa m'magawo osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, mu%, mmol / mol, mg / dl ndi mmol / L.

Zomwe zimadetsa nkhawa omwe akudwala koyamba ndi mtengo.

Ngati mumapereka magazi kuchipatala chayekha, ndiye kuti mumagwiritsa ntchito ma ruble 300 mpaka 1200.

Makhalidwe abwinobwino glycated hemoglobin

Zisonyezero za hemoglobin ya glycated sizimayambira pa jenda komanso zaka.

Mwa anthu athanzi, zoyambira zimakhala 4 mpaka 6%.

Kupatuka kwa chizindikiro kumtunda kapena pansi kungawonetse kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kazakudya ndi matenda a shuga.

Mfundo zotsatirazi zomwe zimachitika m'magazi athunthu:

1. Kuyambira 4 mpaka 6% ndichizolowezi.
2. Kuchokera pa 5.7 mpaka 6.5% ndikuphwanya kulekerera kwa shuga, komwe kungawonetse kukula kwa prediabetes.
3. Kuchokera ku 6.5% - shuga.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale munthu atakhala wathanzi, amayenera kuchita izi nthawi ndi nthawi akakhala ndi abale omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Amayi oyembekezera amafunikanso kukayezetsa chifukwa matenda ashuga amachitika kawirikawiri. Pakubala kwa mwana, masinthidwe ena amachitika mthupi la mayi woyembekezera, makamaka mahomoni. Katswiriyu amatulutsa mahomoni omwe amatsutsana ndi insulin. Zotsatira zake, kapamba sangathe kuthana ndi katundu, ndipo chikhazikitso cha mkazi chimasokonekera. Amafufuza makamaka ngati:

• chibadwa chakumaso kwa matenda ashuga,
• onenepa kwambiri
• polyhydramnios
• ovary polycystic,
• mwana wosabadwa.

Kodi miyeso ya glycated hemoglobin ya matenda ashuga ndi iti? Matendawa amakhudza azimayi nthawi zambiri kuposa abambo. Amakhulupirira kuti phindu lokwanira la shuga ndi 6.5%, motero odwala ayenera kuyesetsa kukwaniritsa chizindikiro ichi. Zizindikiro zina zingasonyeze:

1. Zoposa 6% - shuga wambiri.
2. Zoposa 8% - kulephera kwa chithandizo.
3. Zoposa 12% - kugonekedwa kuchipatala kwofunikira.

Mwakuchita izi, sikuti aliyense amakwanitsa kufikira chizindikiro cha 6.5%, koma musakhumudwe, chifukwa zonse ziwiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda zimakhudzanso hemoglobin ya glycated.

Mulimonsemo, muyenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe adzakulongosolereni zonse m'njira yofikira.

Zifukwa zokulitsira kapena kuchepetsera zizindikiro

Matenda a shuga sindicho chokha chimapangitsa kusintha kwa HbA1c.

Kuti mudziwe zomwe zikukhudza zomwe zili patsamba lake, ndikofunikira kuyesedwa kwathunthu.

Kuphatikiza pa "matenda okoma", kulolerana kwa glucose kungakhudze kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated.

Kulekerera kwa shuga m'magazi nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha:

• kuchepa kwachitsulo mthupi,
• kusowa kwa kapamba,
• kulephera kwa aimpso
• Zolemba zapamwamba za fetal hemoglobin zatsopano, zomwe zimabadwa masiku atatu.

Kuchepetsa zomwe zimapezeka mu glycated hemoglobin sizimachitika kawirikawiri, koma izi ndizowopsa. Kutsika kwa chizindikiro pansipa 4% kungakhudzidwe ndi:

1. Hypoglycemic mkhalidwe,
2. Kulephera kwamkati ndi / kapena chiwindi,
3. Kutaya magazi kwakukulu
4. Kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo la magazi,
5. Hemolytic anemia,
6. Kusokonezeka kwa kapamba.

Nthawi zambiri ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi, wodwalayo amamva kutopa, kugona, chizungulire. M'mitundu yoopsa kwambiri, pamatha kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha komanso kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe. Komabe, matendawa ndi owopsa, chifukwa amatha kutsogolera kukula kwa chikomokere kapena ngakhale kufa.

Momwe mungasinthire za kusala kwa glycated hemoglobin kapena ayi

Kodi A1C ndi chiyani? Kuyesedwa kwa magazi a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C, A1C) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kudziwa kukhalapo / kusapezeka mwa munthu wa matenda monga matenda a shuga.

Mndandanda wa hemoglobin wa glycated (glycosylated) umawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ndiwofunikira kwambiri m'magulu awiriwa.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa glycosylated hemoglobin ndi chizindikiro cha kugwirizanitsa kwa glucose ndi hemoglobin m'magazi a anthu.

Popeza hemoglobin ndi puloteni, ndipo shuga ndi shuga, ndiye kuti zinthu ziwirizi zikakumana, kuphatikiza kumachitika, kuphatikizika kwatsopano. Amadziwika ndi ntchito yogwira ya glucose m'maselo a m'magazi.

Malangizo pakuwunika kwa hemoglobin wa glycated

Glycated hemoglobin ili m'magazi a onse athanzi komanso odwala. Koma mwa anthu odwala okha mulingo wake ndiwokwera kwambiri, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti ayambire matenda ashuga. Shuga wambiri m'magazi, umachulukanso kuchuluka kwa glycation.

Posachedwa, kafukufukuyu akuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi, pokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Kuyeza kumeneku ndikofunikira kuti muzindikire matendawa poyamba, pomwe sichinayambe kupita patsogolo, chifukwa chake madotolo amalangizidwa kuti ayesedwe nthawi kuti atsimikizire kapena kutsimikizira kukhalapo kwa matendawa, kuti ayambe kulandira chithandizo mwachangu. Matendawa amatha kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa.

Kuyambira 2011, World Health Organisation yakhala ikuwunikira kuwunikaku pofuna kuzindikira za matenda ashuga.

Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuyang'ana odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo osachepera kanayi pachaka. Munthu wathanzi amayenera kupita ku labotale kuti akayezeze kamodzi kamodzi pa miyezi 12.

Zizindikiro zomwe magazi amayenera kuperekedwa kwa hemoglobin wa glycated:

1. Maso operewera. Zimayamba kutha nthawi.
2. Kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi komanso a virus.
3. Pakamwa pakamwa kapena ludzu.
4. Kutopa ndi kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito.
5. Nthawi yayitali yochiritsa mabala.

Nthawi zambiri adotolo amafunsa kuti adziwe kuyesa kwa hemoglobin, kuti apitilize bwanji? Pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena ayi? Chowonadi ndi chakuti maphunziro ena amachitika kokha pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Pankhaniyi, mutha kupereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu chimodzimodzi mukatha kudya kadzutsa, chifukwa zotsatira zake zimatsimikiza osati pakadali pano, koma kupitilira miyezi itatu. Komabe, kuti mukhale ndi chiyembekezo chodalirika, madokotala ena angakulangizeni kuti mukayezetse m'mawa musanadye chakudya cham'mawa.

Palibe kukonzekera kwina komwe kumafunikira. Kutoleretsa magazi kumachitika kuchokera ku chala kapena kuchokera mu mtsempha.

Kutsimikizika kuli ndi zabwino zingapo:

• mwayi wotenga zonse pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikudya cham'mawa,
• kuzindikira koyenera
• kulondola kwa zotsatirazi sikudalira kukhalapo kwa matenda okhudzana, thupi ndi malingaliro, kupsinjika, nthawi yazaka ndi tsiku, mankhwala, mowa ndi kusuta. Zizindikiro monga kupsinjika, kukhumudwa ndi zina sizingakhudze zotsatira,
• mosavuta kuchita
• kuthamanga kwa zotsatira
• kusanthula sikumangopezedwa kuti mupeze matenda ashuga, komanso kuwunikira momwe thupi liliri,
• kulondola kwa zotsatira zake poyambira matenda ashuga.

Kusanthula kwamtunduwu kuli ndi zovuta zingapo:

• kuthekera kwa vuto losakwanira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi magazi m'thupi,
• mtengo wokwera poyerekeza ndi anzanu
• Tsoka ilo, si malo onse mdziko muno omwe amayesa izi,
• kusokonekera kwa zomwe zingakuthandizeni mukamamwa vitamini C.

Phunziroli silikhala ndi zolakwika komanso zolakwika. Poyerekeza ndi zabwino zonse, kusanthula kumeneku kuli ndi zolakwika zochepa, ndipo sikofunika.

Momwe mungawerengere za hemoglobin wa glycated, tidasanthula. Zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti idikire? Amayamba kudziwika patatha masiku angapo kusanthula kwake.Koma pamakhala nthawi zina pamene kutsimikiza kwa glycosylated hemoglobin kumatenga nthawi yayitali, kotero zotsatira zake zimadziwika pambuyo masiku atatu mpaka anayi.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti miyambo ya zisonyezo mwa akulu ndi ana ndi yomweyo. Ndiwofanana kwa amuna ndi akazi. Matendawa pawokha ndiofala osati pakati pa akulu ndi okalamba okha, komanso pakati pa ana.

Gome limawonetsa zizindikiritso zazikulu ndi kutanthauzira kwa kusanthula, komanso malangizo pa zisonyezo za glycosylated hemoglobin m'magazi. Momwe mungasulutsire deta yofufuzira?

Ngati chizindikirocho chili pansipa 4% - komanso kuphwanya, komwe kumawonetsa hypoglycemia. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa chotupa mu kapamba, chifukwa chake amatulutsa insulin yambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo:

• zolimbitsa thupi ndi nkhawa,
• zakudya zoperewera kapena chakudya chamagulu ochepa,

• mankhwala osokoneza bongo ochepetsa shuga,
• matenda ena osowa.

Malangizo othandiza ndi maupangiri osanthula:

1. Ndikwabwino kukafufuzidwa kumalo osungira anthu omwe ali ndi malingaliro abwino kuchokera kwa makasitomala. M'maboma aboma, zotsatira zake sizikhala zodalirika nthawi zonse.
2. Pazizindikiro zosamveka, monga ludzu, kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala, ngati nkotheka kuyesedwa kwathunthu ndikupita kukayezetsa.
3. Musanagwire, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
4. Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo amayenera kufufuzidwa pafupipafupi (pafupifupi katatu pachaka).
5. Mutazindikira matendawa, muyenera kugula glucometer, yomwe ithandizire kutsatira njira zamankhwala.

Ndikofunikira kuti amayi apakati azichita mayeso pafupipafupi. Tsogolo la mwana ndi mayi limatengera iye.

Kusanthulaku kudzakhala koyenera pokhapokha poyambira kutenga pakati, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyesa kuyesa kwa glucose, popeza njira mkati mwa mkazi zimasintha mwachangu kwambiri.

Ndikofunika kuti muzikhala ndi hemoglobin wamba. Pankhani yopatuka, upangiri waukatswiri umafunika.

Njira zochepetsera HbA1c

Popeza kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated ndi glucose ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimadalira wina ndi mnzake, kuchepa kwa shuga kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa HbA1c.

Palibe malangizo achindunji.

Muyenera kutsatira malamulo oyambira a shuga.

Kuti tichite izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti:

1. Zakudya zoyenera. Wodwala sayenera kupatula pachakudya chilichonse maswiti, makeke, nyama yokazinga ndi mafuta. Amayenera kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano, mafuta ochepa amkaka, komanso zakudya zamafuta ambiri. Tsatirani mfundo zamaphunziro azakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndikutha madzi okwanira.
2. Moyo wokangalika. Izi sizitanthauza kuti muyenera kumangodzilimbitsa thupi kwambiri. Poyamba, kuyenda mokwanira mu mpweya watsopano osachepera mphindi 30 patsiku. Kenako mutha kusinthanitsa zochitika zanu zakunja ndi masewera amasewera, kusambira, yogwiritsa ntchito yoga ndi zina zotero.
3. Kuyang'anira pafupipafupi shuga. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba ayenera kuwunika kuchuluka kwa glycemic musanalandire chithandizo chilichonse cha insulin, komanso ndi mtundu 2 - katatu patsiku.
4. Munthawi yake makonzedwe a hypoglycemic mankhwala ndi insulin.Ndikofunikira kutsatira mankhwala olondola ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala.

Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kupita kukaonana ndi dokotala pafupipafupi kuti akupatseni malangizo ndi mayankho.

Zotsatira za kupezeka kwadzidzidzi

Wodwalayo amatha kupirira zisonyezo za matenda ashuga komanso matenda ena kwa nthawi yayitali, koma osafunafuna thandizo la katswiri.

Kusasamala thupi lanu kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa.

Ndi matenda osazindikira a shuga, njira zosasintha zimayambika zomwe zimafalikira pafupifupi ziwalo zonse za anthu.

Kukula kwa zamatenda kumabweretsa zovuta zotere:

• Nephropathy, i.e. kuwonongeka kwa impso mu shuga,
• matenda ashuga retinopathy ndi kutukusira kwa retina komwe masokoneza.
• angiopathy - kuwonongeka kwamitsempha komwe kumayambitsa matenda operewera,
• matenda ashuga - dzanzi ndi kumva kuwawa kwa malekezero okhala ndi vuto lachiberekero.
• zovuta zosiyanasiyana zam'mimba zam'mimba,
• ma catarices ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chakulepheretsa kuwona m'matenda a shuga,
• encephalopathy - kuwonongeka kwa ubongo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mpweya, kusokonezeka kwa magazi, kufa kwa maselo amitsempha.
• arthropathy ndi matenda olumikizana omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mchere wa calcium.

Monga mukuwonera, zomwe zidatchulidwa ndizowopsa ndipo zimafunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti nthawi zonse musangoyesa mayeso a hemoglobin a glycated, komanso mayeso ena ofunikira. Paphwando, dokotala amafotokozera wodwalayo momwe angazipatsirire molondola, kenako ndikuwona zotsatira za phunzirolo. Njira zoterezi zithandiza molondola kuzindikira matenda a shuga kapena a carbohydrate metabolism mwa wodwala.

Mu kanema mu nkhaniyi, mutu wa kusanthula kwa hemoglobin wa glycated ukupitilizidwa.

Zoyambira zamankhwala zimachulukitsa hemoglobin wa glycated

Pambuyo povomereza matendawa, ndikofunikira kupereka mankhwala olondola.

Cholinga chake chachikulu ndikuchepetsa hemoglobin. Therapy iyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, kutsatira uphungu wake wonse. Chofunika kwambiri pa chithandizo chamankhwala ndichoyenera.

Pazakudya zomwe odwala amafunika kudya, muyenera kudya:

• masamba ambiri opatsa thanzi ndi zipatso zomwe zimakulitsa kuchuluka kwa fiber m'thupi,
• nyemba, nsomba ndi mtedza. Zakudya izi zimachepetsa shuga;
• zambiri mkaka ndi mkaka wopanda mafuta. Amasintha chimbudzi ndikuthandizira kuchepetsa, komanso amalepheretsa kukula kwa shuga,
• sinamoni, yemwenso imathandizanso kwa matenda ashuga (amatha kuwonjezeredwa pazakudya zanu zomwe mumakonda),
• zakudya zochepa yokazinga ndi mafuta momwe zingathere. Chakudya chofulumira chikuyenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu,
• zipatso ndi zipatso m'malo maswiti oyipa,
• madzi oyeretsedwa wamba, kutaya kaboni.

Kuphatikiza pa zakudya, malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatiridwa:

• Yang'anani kuchuluka kwa shuga kunyumba kwanu,
• pitani kukakambirana ndi dokotala waluso,
• nthawi yochulukirapo yogona ndikupumula,
• imwani mankhwala monga insulin yomwe dokotala wakupatsani.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso mpweya wabwino kumathandizira kuchepetsa hemoglobin. Muyenera kuyiwala za kupsinjika ndi kukhumudwa, chifukwa izi zimangokulitsa mkhalidwewo ndikukulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Chachikulu ndichakuti musadziunjikitse malingaliro osavomerezeka mkati mwanu.

Palibe chifukwa chogwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso, muyenera kupuma kwambiri ndikuganiza zolimbikitsa. Muzochitika zovutitsa, kuwerenga mabuku, kuyenda ndi galu, kusambira kapena kuchita yoga kungathandize.

Zizindikiro za matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga ndi ofatsa, motero ndikofunikira kuzindikira mwadongosolo, zomwe zingathandize kupewa zovuta.

Chachikulu ndichakuti musachedwe kupita ku labotale ndikusanthule, kuphatikizapo kutsimikiza mtima kwa matenda ashuga. Mulimonsemo, zotsatira zake ziyenera kuwonetsedwa kwa adokotala.

Glycated hemoglobin

Kodi glycated, kapena glycosylated, hemoglobin mumayeso amomwe am'magazi amomwe amamuwonetsa ndi chiyani? Thupi limapangidwa ndikuphatikiza hemoglobin ndi glucose.

Ubwino wa phunziroli ndi kuthekera kudziwa kusinthasintha kwa glycemic miyezi itatu kuchokera pazotsatira zake. M'magawo oyamba a shuga, kuwonjezeka kwa shuga kumatha mukatha kudya ndipo sikubwerera kwawoko kwanthawi yayitali.

Ngati zotsatira za kusanthula pamimba yopanda kanthu siziposa zoyenera - kafukufuku pa hemoglobin wa glycated amawulula kuphwanya.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, njirayi imathandizira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa glucose komwe kwakhala m'magazi kwa miyezi itatu yapitayo. Zotsatira zake zimawunikira momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira, ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, sinthani mwa kusankha moyenera mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.

Kukonzekera kafukufuku waku labotale

Momwe mungakonzekerere kuyezetsa magazi kwa glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C)? Phunziroli silifuna kukonzekera mwapadera. Muziperekanso nthawi ina iliyonse masana, ngakhale chakudya. Zotsatira zake sizimakhudzidwa ndi chimfine, matenda a virus, nkhawa zam'mbuyomu komanso zakumwa zoledzeretsa zomwe mumamwa dzulo.

Kuwunika kwa glycosylated hemoglobin m'magazi kumalimbikitsidwa kuti azitenga kamodzi pachaka kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo: odwala omwe amakhala ndi moyo wokhala chete ndipo amakhala ndi chibadwa chambiri, onenepa kwambiri, osuta fodya kapena mowa. Phunziroli ndilothandiza kwa azimayi omwe adadwala matenda ashuga panthawi ya pakati.

Kodi kukonzekera kusanthula kwama biochemical kwa glycated hemoglobin ndi kotani? Amapereka magazi, mosasamala nthawi yatsiku kapena nthawi yakudya. Mankhwala kapena zovuta zilizonse zimakhudza zotsatira zake. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuchita njirayi pafupipafupi, mosasamala kanthu kuchuluka kwa chiphuphu.

Kusanthula kwa HbA1C

Momwe mungayesere hemoglobin ya glycated (glycosylated)? Pofufuza, magazi amatengedwa kukhala capillary (kuchokera pachala). Nthawi yosankhidwa masana ndi m'mawa. Chofunikira: musanapite ku labotale, siyani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Zotsatira zakonzeka tsiku lotsatira.

Kusanthula kwa hemoglobin wa glycated:

• Ngati chisonyezocho chikuposa 6.5%, dziko loyambirira limapezedwa. Kuchiza moyenera nthawi yake kumapewetsa matendawo kapena kuchedwetsa kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuti mutsimikizire matendawa, kuyesa kwina kwa glucose kumachitika.
• Zotsatira zapakati pa 6.1-6.5% zikuwonetsa kuti palibe matenda komanso momwe zidalili, koma pali chiwopsezo cha chitukuko chake. Odwala amalangizidwa kuti azichita zolimbitsa thupi, achepetse thupi komanso asinthe zakudya, azichotsa zomanga thupi komanso mafuta a nyama.
• Odwala omwe ali ndi zotsatira za 5.7-6.0% ali pachiwopsezo. Amalangizidwa kuti asinthe moyo wawo, asinthe kukhala ndizolimbitsa thupi, komanso azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Yankho la 4.6-55.7% limatanthawuza kuti munthuyo ndi wathanzi, kagayidwe kake mthupi lake sikhala operewera.

Momwe mungayesedwe glycated hemoglobin? Kodi akuwonetsa chiyani? Kodi zotsatira zake zimadziwika bwanji? Phunziroli limatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa kubwezeredwa kwa matendawa ndikuyenerera kwa kusintha kwa mankhwalawo poyankha kosakhutiritsa. Mtengo wabwinobwino ndi 5.7-7.0%; kwa anthu okalamba, kuwonjezera kwa 8.0% ndikuloledwa. Kwa ana ndi amayi apakati, zotheka ndizo 4,6-6.0%.

Kuwongolera kwa glycemia kwa wodwala ndi gawo lofunikira la chithandizo, chifukwa nthawi zambiri kukweza shuga kapena kulumpha mu shuga kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa. Kuchepa kwa shuga kumachepetsa zovuta za 30-30%.

Kodi kuwunika kwa HbA1C kulondola?

Alexander Myasnikov: Shuga amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala atsopano m'mwezi umodzi!

A. Myasnikov: Tiyenera kunena kuti mu 50% ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga amadwala matenda ashuga. Ndiye kuti, munthu aliyense wachiwiri, atakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, amakhala ndi matenda ashuga. Ngozi imawonjezeka ngati munthu ali ndi zina mwa zinthuzi.

Kodi kuwunika kwa ma hemoglobin a glycated ndi kotani? Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia kwa miyezi itatu, koma sikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chizindikiro mu nthawi iliyonse. Kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi kowopsa kwa wodwalayo, chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera magazi a capillary pamimba yopanda kanthu, imwani ndi glucometer m'mawa, musanadye komanso musanadye.

Ngati mukusinkhasinkha za hemoglobin wa glycosylated akuwonetsa kuti atha kukhala ndi shuga, pitani pa mayeso a insulin. Zolinga zikuluzikulu za mankhwalawa ndi matenda a metabolism, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti minofu ipange mapuloteni, kubwezeretsa magwiridwe antchito.

Kodi ndiyenera kumwa HbA1C panthawi yapakati?

Matenda a shuga kwa amayi apakati ndi matenda owopsa omwe amayambitsa mavuto akulu kwa mayi ndi mwana wosabadwayo. Chifukwa chake, kuyang'anira glycemic ndi njira yovomerezeka panthawi yobala mwana. Shuga wapamwamba amatsogolera kubadwa kovuta, kukula kwa khanda lalikulu, kusokonezeka kwa kubereka, ndi kufa kwa makanda.

Kuyesedwa kopanda magazi m'mimba pa pathology kumakhalabe kwachilendo, shuga amadzuka pambuyo chakudya, ndipo kuphatikiza kwake kwakukulu kumapitirira kwa nthawi yayitali. Kafukufuku wokhudza HbA1C ndiwosagwira kwa amayi oyembekezera, popeza amalola kupeza deta m'miyezi itatu yapitayo, pomwe matenda ashuga amayamba kumachitika pakatha milungu 25 ali ndi pakati.

Onani glycemia poyesa shuga mukatha kudya. Kusanthula kumachitika motere: mzimayi amatenga magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, kenako apereke shuga kuti amwe ndikuwunika pambuyo pa maola 0,5, 1 ndi 2. Zotsatira zimazindikira momwe shuga imakhalira komanso momwe imabwerera mwachangu. Ngati kupatuka kwapezeka, chithandizo ndi mankhwala.

Kafukufuku wa glycated amayenera kuchitika kangati

Anthu athanzi opitirira zaka 35 amalimbikitsidwa kuti azichita njirayi kamodzi pazaka zitatu, pomwe ali pachiwopsezo - kamodzi pachaka.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe amayang'anira glycemia ndipo amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino za HbA1C ayenera kuperekedwa kamodzi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kwa odwala omwe sangathe kuwongolera matenda ashuga ndikulipirira, kafukufuku ayenera kuchitidwa miyezi itatu iliyonse, kuwonjezera kuwunika momwe shuga akuwonjezerera ndi glucometer.

Kusanthula kwa labotale kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumathandizira kuzindikira matenda ashuga kumayambiriro ndikuyambitsa chithandizo panthawi.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe mwapezeka nawo, kuwunikaku kumakupatsani mwayi wowona kuchuluka kwa momwe amathandizira kuthana ndi matenda, ngakhale pali njira yeniyeni kuchokera ku chithandizo chomwe akutenga kapena ngati pakufunika kuwongolera.

Chitani kafukufuku pa HbA1C m'makliniki akulu kapena ma labotale apadera.

Kuwunika kwa hemoglobin wa glycated: pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena ayi

Tsoka ilo, ziwopsezo za matenda a shuga zimakhumudwitsa - chaka chilichonse matendawa "amakhalanso ocheperako", samapezeka kokha mwa akulu ndi okalamba, komanso amapikisana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi zaka 12 zokha.

Kuzindikira komaliza kwa matenda ashuga kumachitika kokha kwa iwo omwe adatha mayeso oyenera kopitilira kamodzi, pomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhala konse kapena pafupifupi konse kumakudya kwambiri.

Kuti muwone chithunzi chonse cha matendawa ndikuwona mtundu wa matenda ashuga, odwala amapatsidwanso kuwunika kwa hemoglobin ya glycated. Kodi mayeso amtunduwu amatanthauza chiyani? Choyamba, adotolo ndi inu nokha mudzatha kudziwa kuti pafupifupi shuga wa plasma ndi wotani mu nyengo ya kalendala yomaliza, ndiye kuti kwa miyezi itatu.

Kusanthula kumalembedwa mosalephera ngakhale kwa iwo omwe matenda a shuga sanamupezeko, koma pali zisonyezo zotchulidwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga kumapangitsa kuti nthawi zambiri muzikhala kofunikira.

Momwe angayesedwe komanso nthawi yanji

Ngati muli pachiwopsezo kapena mwapezeka ndi matenda ashuga kamodzi, muyenera kuyezetsa magazi a hemoglobin pafupipafupi komanso pafupipafupi, ngati mungafotokozere zambiri, kamodzi pa miyezi itatu iliyonse. Kuwunikira mosalekeza za momwe thupi limakhalira pamenepa kukuthandizani kuti muwongolere zitsogozo zingapo zofunika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mutha kuthandizidwa mwachangu ngati kuli koyenera.

Pambuyo poti taganiza kuti pakufunika kangati kusanthula hemoglobin wa glycated, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zomwe ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa kuti mupereke magazi sizinayenera kubwerezedwa, chifukwa cholakwika koyesa kwa nthawi yoyamba.

Chifukwa chake, magazi pa hemoglobin ya glycated amayenera kuperekedwa kokha pamimba yopanda kanthu. Osamwetsa zakudya pachakudya chanu, masamba kapena zipatso zomwe sizinakololedwe zimaloledwa pakadutsa maola 5 musanatenge zinthuzo kuchokera kwa wodwala;

Ngati mayi amakhala ndi nthawi yochulukirapo yomwe amatsimikizira, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabodza. Nthawi yomweyo lembani dokotala izi ndikuthandizira kuyezetsa kwa hemoglobin kwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe labotale imodzi yopereka magazi pafupipafupi, chifukwa nthawi zina njira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana azachipatala, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zotsatira zimakhala ndi tanthauzo losiyana.

Mtundu wamba

Chifukwa cha kafukufuku wasayansi, asayansi adatha kuzindikira magawo oyesera: ngati glycated hemoglobin imasiyana kuchokera 4 mpaka 6%, titha kunena kuti mwachoka pachiwopsezo komanso simudwala matenda ashuga. Gawo la zaka komanso amuna ndi akazi sizofunika pano.

Manambala ena osakwanira amayamba kukhala ndi nkhawa, ndiye kuti tiyenera kufotokozera zomwe zinayambitsa matenda ndi momwe tingathane nayo. Nthawi yomwe 6-6.5% ikuwonetsa kuti palibe shuga, koma prediabetes imawonedwa kale.

Maperesenti kuyambira 6.5 mpaka 6.9% amawonetsa: mwayi wa matenda a shuga ndiwokwera kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti shuga wamagazi amasintha nthawi ndi nthawi osati bwino.

Chiwonetsero chokwanira pamwamba pa 7% chimatanthawuza kupatula kukhalapo kwa shuga kwa wodwala yemwe wapezeka ndi mtundu wachiwiri.

Amayambitsa hemoglobin wokwera komanso wotsika

Chifukwa china, kuphatikiza pa matenda a shuga, hemoglobin ya glycated imatha kuchuluka:

1. Ngati wodwalayo wavutitsa shuga.
2. Ngati chizindikiro cha shuga chikuphwanyidwa, muyenera kumwedwa m'mawa mopanda kanthu.

Chiyeso chotsika, chake, chimawonetsa kuchepa kwa shuga mumtundu wambiri. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika ndi kupezeka kwawoko komwe kumayambitsa chotupa chachikulu cha pancreatic chomwe chimatulutsa insulin yambiri.

Momwe mungapereke kuyezetsa magazi kwa glycated hemoglobin?

Hemoglobin ndi chinthu chomwe chimapezeka m'magazi ndipo chimayang'anira ntchito yogawa oxygen m'thupi lonse. Ndi hemoglobin yomwe imapanga magazi ofiira - izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zachitsulo momwemo.

Hemoglobin ndi gawo lamaselo ofiira a magazi - tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta magazi. Glucose amatenga nawo mbali popanga hemoglobin. Njirayi ndi yayitali, popeza maselo ofiira a magazi amapangidwa pakatha miyezi itatu. Zotsatira zake, hemoglobin ya glycated (glycosylated) imapezeka, yomwe imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia koposa miyezi 3.

Kuti mudziwe mulingo wanu, muyenera kukayezetsa magazi mwapadera.

Tsoka ilo, ngati mayesowa akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa glycogemoglobin, ndiye izi zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda osokoneza bongo, ngakhale atakhala ofatsa komanso osadziwika pakadali pano, popanda kubweretsa mavuto.Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse momwe mungasinthire izi mozama komanso zomwe muyenera kudziwa kuti mupewe zovuta.

Kodi glycogemoglobin ndi chiyani?

Glycated hemoglobin ndi molekyu ya hemoglobin yolumikizidwa ndi glucose. Ndi pamaziko a zisonyezo zake kuti titha kunena kuti pali matenda monga matenda a shuga.

Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated umatha kupereka chidziwitso pazambiri za shuga m'miyezi iwiri yapitayi, ndichifukwa chake anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala ndi njira osachepera pano.

Izi zikuthandizani kuwunika momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira ndikuzindikira kusintha kwakanthawi kuti muchepetse zovuta. Mokulira kuchuluka kwa glycogemoglobin, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kuchuluka kwa glycemia m'miyezi yaposachedwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda ashuga komanso kukhala ndi matenda othandizanso chikukula.

Pokhala ndi zambiri za hemoglobin yokhala ndi glycosylated, zotsatirazi zingathandize kuteteza vuto:

• mankhwala a insulin
• othandizira shuga monga mapiritsi,
• zakudya mankhwala.

Kuwunika kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumathandizira kuti adziwe zoyenera komanso kuti adziwe matenda a shuga, mosiyana ndi muyeso womwe umakhala nthawi zonse ndi glucometer, yomwe imawonetsa zomwe zili shuga panthawi ya njirayi.

Ndani akufuna magazi a HbA1c?

Malangizo pakuwunikira kotere ndiwololedwa kuti apatsidwe ndi madotolo osiyanasiyana, ndipo amathanso kupatsiridwa pawokha payokha aliyense wazachipatala.

Dokotalayo amapereka chidziwitso pazochitika zotsatirazi:

• ngati matenda a shuga akukayikiridwa,
• kuyang'anira njira yamankhwala
• kupereka mitundu ya mankhwala,
• kuwunika kayendedwe ka metabolic mthupi,
• mukanyamula mwana (ngati mukukayikira za matenda ashuga)

Koma chifukwa chachikulu ndikupezeka kwa matenda ashuga, pakakhala zizindikiro:

• kamwa yowuma
• kuchuluka kofunikira popita kuchimbudzi,
• kusintha kwa mkhalidwe,
• kutopa kwakukulu pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ochepa.

Kodi ndingapeze kuti kusanthula? Kuyesedwa kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumatha kuchitika kuchipatala chilichonse kapena kuchipatala chayekha, kusiyana kungakhale pamtengo ndi mtundu wa ntchito. Pali mabungwe achinsinsi kuposa boma, ndipo izi ndizothandiza kwambiri, ndipo simuyenera kudikirira. Nthawi ya kafukufukuyu itha kukhala yosiyana.

Ngati mukusanthula pafupipafupi izi, ndiye kuti muyenera kulumikizana ndi chipatala chimodzi kuti zitheke kuwunika bwino zotsatira zake, chifukwa chida chilichonse chili ndi cholakwika chake.

Makhalidwe abwinobwino a glycosylated hemoglobin

Kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zikuyenera kukhala, muyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe zikugwirizana ndi ichi.

Zotsatira zimatengera:

Kusiyana kwakukulu pazomwezo ndi zosiyana zaka. Kukhalapo kwa matenda olumikizana kapena kutenga pakati kumakhudzanso.

Mulingo wambiri mwa% mwa anthu ochepera zaka 45:

Mulingo wambiri mu% mwa anthu atatha zaka 45:

Mulingo wambiri mu% mwa anthu zaka 65:

Komanso, ngati zotsatira zake zili mulingo wamba, osadandaula. Mtengo ukakhala wokhutiritsa, ndiye kuti ndiyenera kuyamba kuchita nawo zaumoyo wanu. Ngati mawonekedwe ali ndi zambiri, ndiye kuti muyenera kufunsa dokotala, mwina muli ndi matenda a shuga.

Zambiri mu% pa nthawi yapakati:

Ngati zotsatira za kusanthula

Kodi glycated hemoglobin: muyezo wa chizindikiro, momwe mungaganizire

Chizindikirochi chikuwonetsa shuga wa magazi kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri miyezi itatu.

Mu terminology yamankhwala, mmalo mwa lingaliro ili, mutha kuwona monga: glycohemoglobin, glycated hemoglobin HbA1C kapena glycolized kapena A1C yokha.

Posachedwa aliyense adapereka kuyesedwa kwa magazi, koma kufunikira kwake ndikofunikira makamaka pakukayikira shuga. Kupatula apo, aliyense amadziwa kuti kudziwitsidwa koyambirira nthawi zina kumawonjezera mwayi wochira komanso kusintha kwa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti munthu aliyense wathanzi amakhala ndi glucose m'magazi, koma pali chikhalidwe cha glycated hemoglobin m'magazi, yowonjezera yambiri yomwe ingasonyeze matenda a shuga. Ndani amasamala zomwe mayeso a gogcated hemoglobin amatanthauza: zomwe zimawonetsa kuphatikiza, momwe angayesedwe, pitilizani kuwerenga nkhaniyi.

Kodi glycated hemoglobin hba1c ndikuwonetsa chiyani

Hemoglobin imapezeka m'magazi, monga m'magazi am'magazi - maselo ofiira ammagazi, mumapuloteni omwe amanyamula mpweya kudzera ziwalo ndi ziwalo za thupi. Mluza umalowanso m'thupi ndi chakudya, nthawi zambiri wopatsa mphamvu.

Masewera a glucose akaphatikizana ndi mamolekyu a hemoglobin, kuphatikiza kwina kwa HbA1C glycated hb (hemoglobin) kumachitika.

"Mtolo" wotere umapezeka m'magazi a munthu pafupifupi masiku 120, kufikira ma cell ofiira amwalira, ndipo atsopano amatenga malo awo.

Kupereka magazi kwa hemoglobin wa glycated kumatanthauza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi iwiri kapena itatu yapitayo. Chizindikiro ichi chimayezedwa mu%, ndipo kukwera, chimakhala chokwanira.

Chizindikirochi chimakwera osati mu shuga, komanso matenda a mtima, impso, maso, komanso kusokonezeka kwa chapakati mantha dongosolo (chapakati mantha dongosolo).

Kuphatikiza apo, mulingo wa HbA1C ndiwofunikira kwambiri kuwunikira ndikuchotsa zovuta zomwe zingatheke kapena zomwe zikupezeka mu shuga.

Mokulira misempha ya glycemia (shuga m'magazi), imakhala pachiwopsezo cha zovuta zina, mwachitsanzo, retinopathy, yomwe imapangitsa kuti m'maso muwoneke.

Zambiri mwa munthu wathanzi

Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated mwa munthu wathanzi umachokera ku 4.5%, koma sayenera kupitilira 6% ya shuga onse.

Glycated hemoglobin imawonedwa kuti ndi yokwera ngati mulingo wake wafika pa 7%, ichi ndi mawonekedwe a mtundu II shuga mellitus.

M'maphunziro a labotale, zidutswa za HbA1 ndi HbA1c zimakhazikitsidwa, zomwe zingakhale zosiyana. Tiuzeni mndandanda wamakalata apakati pa glycated hemoglobin ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe ali m'magazi.

Monga tikuwonera patebulopo, kuwerengera kubiriwira kumawoneka ngati kwabwinobwino. Chikasu chimawonetsera malire, koma pali mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga. Ndipo manambala ofiira amawonetsa glycogemoglobin yokwanira, chifukwa chake wodwalayo adzafunika alowe chithandizo ndi kulandira chithandizo china.

Momwe mungayesedwe glycated hemoglobin?

Kuti muwone mosamalitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuwunika momwe wodwala amakhalira ndi matenda a shuga kapena akudwala kale matendawa, tikulimbikitsidwa kupereka magazi a glycogemoglobin pakatha miyezi itatu iliyonse. Ngati zowerengera sizipitilira zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa mobwerezabwereza, mutha kuzitenga pachaka chilichonse chazaka. Anthu athanzi amafunika izi kuti azitha kuwunikira, kuwongolera ndikusunga shuga wawo momwemo.

Kuti ayesedwe, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha, nthawi zambiri samachotsa chala.

Anthu ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi funso - kuti awunike hemoglobin ya glycated pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena ayi? Kukonzekera kwapadera musanapatse mayeso sikofunikira, ndipo mutha kupereka magazi kuti akupimitseni pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena mutatsitsimuka, izi sizingakhudze zotsatira zake.

Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira za kusanthula zidzakhala zomwezo, mosasamala nthawi yatsiku, mkhalidwe wamavuto a wodwalayo, kukhalapo kwa chimfine kapena matenda a virus, komanso ngakhale mukumwa mankhwala.

Zitha kutheka kuti kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated imachepetsedwa ngati munthu ali ndi vuto la kuchepa magazi, kuchepa magazi kapena kutuluka magazi nthawi zonse. Ndipo zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwazomwezo zitha kukhala kuthiridwa magazi kwaposachedwa kapena kusowa kwenikweni kwazitsulo mthupi.

Zotsatira zokhazokha zimatha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono ma labotale osiyanasiyana, zimangotengera njira zosiyanasiyana zofufuzira.

Chifukwa chake, ngati mphamvu yakuzindikiritsa ndiyofunika kwa inu, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito maofesi amtundu umodzi kapena labotale, ndibwino ngati ndi chipatala chamakono, ngakhale mtengo wa kuyezetsa magazi kwa hemoglobin wa glycated udzakhala wapamwamba kuposa momwe mungakhalire.

Ndi matenda ashuga

Kuti muthane ndi vuto lanu, muyenera kusanthula pafupipafupi. Kupatula apo, iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yochitira zinthu zoyenera ndi kupewa zovuta.

Koma, si odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amamatira dongosolo lowonekera la zopereka zamagazi, kutanthauza kusowa kwa nthawi, ulesi kapena zokumana nazo zamphamvu kwambiri. Chikhalidwe cha HbA1C kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndi 7%. Ngati mulingo wafika 8-10%, izi zitha kuwonetsa kusankha kosayenera kapena chithandizo chosakwanira.

Glycated hemoglobin wa 12% kapena kupitilira, amatanthauza kuti shuga silipidwa, ndipo zikuoneka kuti glucose ibwerera mwakale pakatha miyezi ingapo.

Pa nthawi yoyembekezera

Sikuti mwangozi kuti mayi wamtsogolo amapereka magazi pamafukufuku osiyanasiyana. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi a biochemical kwa hemoglobin ndi imodzi yofunika kwambiri pakunyamula mwana.

Kuchepetsa hemoglobin panthawi yoyembekezera ndi vuto losakondweretsa kwambiri, chifukwa pankhaniyi, mkhalidwe ndi chitukuko cha mwana wosabadwayo zimatha kuipiraipira, kukula kwa mwana kumachedwa, kubadwa msanga komanso ngakhale kuchotsa kwa mimba kumachitika.

Shuga wambiri amawononga mitsempha yamagazi ya amayi, amawonjezera kupsinjika kwa impso ndikuchepetsa kuwona.

Koma mwatsoka, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated mwa akazi nthawi yapakati nthawi zambiri imatsitsidwa chifukwa chosowa chitsulo. Izi ndichifukwa choti nthawi imeneyi mayi amafunika kudya pafupifupi 15-18 mg patsiku, pomwe munthu amafuna pafupifupi 5 mpaka 15 mg.

Chifukwa chake, pofuna kupewa zotsatira zosasangalatsa, mulingo wa hemoglobin m'magazi uyenera kuyang'aniridwa, ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, zithandizireni chitsulo chatsiku ndi tsiku ndi mavitamini apadera, komanso mudye zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba osakhuta mkate ndi maswiti.

M'mimba, chizindikiro chosapitirira 6.5 mmol / L chovomerezeka, chokwanira chitha kuganiziridwa mpaka 7.9 mmol / L, koma ngati mulingo ufika kupitirira 8mmol / L, njira ziyenera kutengedwa kuti muchepetse shuga ndikuyambitsa chakudya chokhala ndi chakudya chochepa cha chakudya.

Ingofuna kudziwa kuti mulingo wa hemoglobin womwe umasungidwa mwa ana si wosiyana ndi akuluakulu. Kuyeza kumeneku ndikoyeneranso kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga mwa mwana.

Ngati kwanthawi yayitali, index ya glycemic hemoglobin imasungidwa pamalo osachepera 10%, njira ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zithandizire.

Koma, simukuyenera kuyesa mokhazikika kuti musinthe zinthu, popeza kuchepa mwachangu kwa chizindikirocho kungakhudze kuwonekera kwamawonekedwe.

Tsopano mukudziwa glycogemoglobin kuti ndi chiyani komanso chifukwa chake muyenera kutsatira izi. Penyani thanzi lanu!

Kusanthula kwa glycated hemoglobin: momwe mungaperekere, zomwe zikuwonetsa?

Kuti dokotala amvetsetse mtundu wanji wa matenda ashuga omwe akumana nawo, amapatsa wodwalayo mawonekedwe a hemoglobin wa glycated.

Chifukwa cha kafukufukuyu, zikuwonekeratu kuti matendawo angayambitse chiyani. Dokotalayo amalingalira zokhudzana ndi nthawi ya matendawa potengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi atatu m'miyezi itatu.

Kukonzekera kwa kusanthula

Dokotala wanu angakufunseni kuti mukayezetse magazi a glycated hemoglobin ngati mukukayikira kuti wodwala akudwala matenda a shuga.

Kudandaula kumeneku kukuwonetsedwa ndi madandaulo azaumoyo monga pakamwa pouma ndi ludzu lomwe limakhudzana nawo, kutsanulira kokwanira kwa chikhodzodzo, kutopa, myopia yomwe ikupita patsogolo, kuchiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali mabala ndi chiwopsezo cha matenda opatsirana.

Kuti mudziwe zomwe zili m'matumbo a glycated m'magazi, akatswiri amatha kutenga timinyewa tomwe timatulutsa timadzi tomwe timatulutsa kuchokera pachidindo cha chala cham'manja kapena kuchokera kumtsempha.

Asanapereke malangizo pakuwunikaku, malangizo omveka bwino nthawi zambiri amalandiridwa kuchokera kwa dokotala zokhudzana ndi kupereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena ayi.

Kafukufuku wofuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated m'magazi amachitika mosaganizira ngati munthuyo anali ndi kadzutsa, zomwe nthawi zonse siziloledwa mukamayesedwa shuga.

Ngati muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated, ndiye kuti magazi amatha kumwedwa nthawi iliyonse masana.

Komanso, kuchita mpanda wa kuchuluka kwa madzi ena osakanikirana sikungasokoneze malingaliro kapena thanzi la wodwalayo.

Ngakhale atakumana ndi zovuta zaposachedwa, chimfine kapena matenda a virus sangakhale chopinga pakuwunika.

Munthu yemwe amamwa mankhwala nthawi zonse samakakamizidwa kupereka magazi kuti adziwe mapuloteni okhala ndi chitsulo cha glycated.

Zotsatira za kusanthula, komwe kumathandizira kuzindikira matenda ashuga, kumatha kukhudzidwa ndi magazi, chizindikiro cha kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi, ndi matenda omwe akutsogolera maselo ofiira a magazi.

Omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga samayenera kudziwa momwe angayesere kutsimikiza kwa hemoglobin ya glycated.

Tikulankhula za anthu onenepa kwambiri kapena omwe amamwa mowa kwambiri komanso ndudu. Afunika kudziwitsidwa kuti ayesedwe kangati pakuchitika kwawo.

Kuti muwongolere thanzi lanu, ndikulimbikitsidwa kusanthula miyezi itatu iliyonse kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni okhala ndi chitsulo.

Zotsatira zakufufuza

Kuti muwone zotsatira zake, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti hemoglobin wa glycated ndi uti, womwe ndi amtundu wa mapuloteni okhala ndi chitsulo.

Mamolekyu a Hemoglobin amaikidwa mu maselo ofiira a m'magazi omwe amayendetsa mpweya m'maselo onse m'thupi.

Puloteni yokhala ndi chitsulo imayamba kupanga glucose akamalowerera pang'onopang'ono.

Kuti ayike m'chinenedwe chachipatala cha sayansi, njirayi imatha kutchedwa glycation, ikungopanga hemoglobin yapadera, yokhala ndi glycated.

Momwe mapuloteni okhala ndi chitsulo amasintha mofulumira zimadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Mlingo wa glycation uyenera kutsimikizika kwakanthawi kwamasiku 120, popeza ndi nthawi yayitali kwambiri kotero kuti maselo ofiira a moyo ndi.

Chifukwa chake, kuti tiwone kuchuluka kwa magazi "owonjezera", madokotala amatenga miyezi itatu, maselo ofiira atayamba kukonzanso.

Mulingo wamba wa hemoglobin wa glycated umachokera ku 4 mpaka 6%. Mapuloteni azitsulo kwambiri okhala ndi glycated ayenera kukhala m'magazi a munthu, mosaganizira kuti ndi amuna kapena akazi kapena zaka.

Zotsatira za kusanthula komwe kumapangitsa zomwe zili m'magazi a glycated m'magazi nthawi zambiri zimanenedwa patsiku.

Ngati zawululidwa kuti 5.7% ya mapuloteni okhala ndi chitsulo, omwe amaphatikiza ndi glucose, amapezeka mu minofu yolumikizana ndi madzi, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa, popeza kagayidwe kazakudya kamene umachitika munthawi zonse.

Ngati mupezeka kale m'magazi kale 6% glycated hemoglobin, yomwe ikuwonetsedwa pazotsatira za kusanthula kwa formula HbA1C, ndikofunikira kuda nkhawa, chifukwa chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa kuwopsa kwa matenda ashuga.

Pamene kusanthula kukuwonetsa kuti magazi ali ndi 6.1 mpaka 6.4% a mapuloteni okhala ndi chitsulo omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi shuga, madokotala sangathebe kuzindikira matenda ashuga.

Komabe, madokotala amalankhula ndi wodwalayo za kusintha kwakukulu pakudya. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ayenera kudya zakudya zomwe zimaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri.

Zifukwa zopatuka pamachitidwe wamba

Zimachitika kuti mkhalidwe wa hemoglobin wa glycated m'magazi suwedwa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Kuchulukitsidwa kwotalikilapo kwa misempha ya dextrose kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha kulolera kwa glucose kapena, mwanjira ina, prediabetes.

Matenda a Endocrine omwe amayambitsidwa ndi kuyamwa bwino kwa shuga ya mphesa amapezeka pokhapokha ngati zomwe zili mu protein ya glycated yokhala ndi mapuloteni m'magazi zipitilira 6.5%.

Pamene hemoglobin yocheperachepera 4% ili ndi timadzi tam'madzi tomwe timatulutsa, madokotala amafufuza kuti awone ngati wodwala akudwala hypoglycemia.

Mkhalidwe wodziwika ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mitsempha nthawi zambiri umayambitsa insulinoma - vuto loipa m'matumbo, chifukwa chomwe kuchuluka kwambiri kwa mahomoni a peptide kumabisidwa m'thupi.

Nthawi zina, shuga ochepa amakhala ndi zakudya zamafuta ochepa kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Matenda akulu otsatirawa angayambitse hypoglycemia, momwe zimakhalira zimapezeka m'magazi a glycated hemoglobin m'magazi.

• adrenal kusowa
• kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga,
• matenda a hers
• cholowa m'malo obadwa nacho,
• matenda a von Girke,
• lembani III glycogenosis.

Ngati hemoglobin yochulukirapo ya glycated ipezeka poyesa magazi mwa mayi wapakati, ndiye kuti ziyenera kuyembekezereka kuti kubereka mwana kumakhala kovuta.

Miyezi yambiri ya mapuloteni okhala ndi chitsulo osakanikirana ndi shuga m'magazi itaperekedwa mwaukazi, mwana amene ali m'mimba amakula kwambiri.

Izi zili ndi chiwopsezo kwa mwana komanso mayi woyembekezera, chifukwa ndimwazi wambiri womwe umazungulira m'matumbo, impso zimawonongeka ndikuwonongeka kumawonongeka.

Amayi oyembekezera, kuti atsimikizire kupezeka kwa mavuto azaumoyo, kuwunika kwa glycogemoglobin sikuyenera kuchitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, koma chakudya.

Poterepa, ndikofunikira kubwereza mayeso sabata iliyonse. Mzimayi yemwe ali ndi mwayi wodziwa ngati chilichonse chikugwirizana ndi mwana akulimbikitsidwa kuti atenge mayeso okhudzana ndi shuga a maola awiri mu labotale.

Njira zochepetsera Glycogemoglobin

Ngati kuwunika kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumawonetsa kuti magazi ali ndi mapuloteni okhala ndi chitsulo ochulukirapo omwe amakhala ndi glucose, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo sudzangokhala mapiritsi.

Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa glycohemoglobin, muyenera kudya pang'ono. Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni okhala ndi chitsulo, okhala ndi glycation, muyenera kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamafuta, nyama zotsekemera ndi zakudya zina.

Mafuta ochulukirapo pazinthu zomwe zikuyenda m'matumba si chifukwa choti azichiritsidwira mutagona. M'malo mwake, munthu ayenera kuchita ndi vuto ngati ili - kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kukhala ndi nthawi yambiri mu mpweya wabwino.

Mapulogalamu abwinobwino omwe ali ndi mapuloteni okhala ndi glucose adzabwezeretsedwa ngati mutha kusintha momwe munagwirira ntchito ndikupuma.

Kupita kukagona kumalimbikitsidwa nthawi yomweyo, kuti mtundu wamkati wazomwe umatha kusokonekera.

Mapiritsi omwe adalembedwa ndi adotolo amayeneranso kutengedwa moyenera. Mwa kusintha zomwe zili ndi glycogemoglobin ndi mankhwala, muyenera kuyeza shuga lanu la magazi.

Nthawi zina, kupatuka kwa glycated hemoglobin kuchokera ku chizolowezi kumawonetsa kuperewera kwa mankhwalawa odwala matenda a shuga, motero, adotolo amatha kupatsanso wodwala mankhwala ena othandizira kuchuluka kwa shuga kapena kusintha mtundu wa insulin.

Chifukwa cha kusanthula, njira zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi zichitika pa nthawi yake.

Pofuna kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu ngati mukuphwanya malamulo a hemoglobin, glycated hemoglobin, anthu athanzi ayenera kuunika mulingo wa HbA1C zaka zitatu zilizonse.

Omwe atsala pang'ono kudwala matenda osokoneza bongo amalangizidwa kuti azikayezetsa miyezi 12 iliyonse.

Odwala matenda ashuga amayenera kupita kwa dokotala kuti akalandire, kuti adziwe momwe glycogemoglobin m'magazi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Koma omwe sangathe kuwongolera matendawa amafunika kuwunika ngati mapuloteni okhala ndi glucose samaphwanya, kawiri kawiri.

Chifukwa chake, kusanthula, komwe kumatsimikizira zomwe zili glycated hemoglobin m'mwazi ndi chilembo cha HbA1C, cholinga chake ndicho kupeza matenda oopsa - matenda a shuga.

Chifukwa cha phunziroli, matendawa amatha kuonekeranso kumayambiriro, zomwe zimathandiza dokotala kuti abwezeretsenso thanzi la wodwalayo.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa glycated hemoglobin - zomwe zikutanthauza

Chizindikirochi chimatchedwanso kuti glycosylated (glycosylated hemoglobin) kapena glycohemoglobin, ndipo mu labodacod decoding akuti Hba1c. Kapangidwe ka glycohemoglobin kumachitika mwa kuphatikiza shuga ndi hemoglobin mkati mwa khungu lofiira. Kuchuluka kwa glucose omwe samalumikizana ndi hemoglobin sikakhazikika mokwanira ndipo sikuwonetsa zotsatira zolondola komanso zodalirika.

Kukonzekera mayesowo

Momwe mungaperekere magazi ku glycated hemoglobin?

Kuyeza magazi kumeneku sikutanthauza kuphunzitsidwa mwapadera ndipo kumakhudzanso kusonkha magazi kuchokera konse kuchokera ku chala ndi mtsempha. Zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, chakudya, kuthamangitsidwa m'maganizo ndi zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi sizikhudza zotsatira za kuwunika.

Chiletso chimakhazikitsidwa pokhapokha ngati pali mankhwala a antidiabetes. Mankhwala ena amatha kumwa popanda mantha.

Koma pofuna kudalirika kwambiri, kuyezetsa magazi kwa glycated hemoglobin kumalimbikitsidwa kuti atenge m'mawa komanso m'mimba yopanda kanthu.

Kuti mupewe zolakwika zaukadaulo, ndikofunikira kuchita mawunikidwe mu labotale yomweyo nthawi zonse, chifukwa njira ndi maluso zimasiyana.

Zizindikiro zakusanthula

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa glycogemoglobin kungathe kufotokozedwera ndi katswiri wazachipatala kwina kulikonse - katswiri, endocrinologist, immunologist, ndi ena.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za kusanthulaku ndikuwonetsedwa kwa matenda osokoneza bongo, kuwunika chithandizo ndi kuwunika kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga onse amtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2.

Komanso, kuwunikiraku kumayendetsedwa kwa ana pochiza matenda a metabolic komanso kwa azimayi omwe ali ndi mbiri yodwala matenda a shuga kapena omwe adalandira atabereka mwana.

Phunzirani pafupipafupi

Ntchito yama cell ofiira a magazi imatha miyezi inayi. Pafupipafupi kusanthula kwa glycogemoglobin zimatengera mfundo iyi - pafupifupi katatu pachaka. Koma kutengera kusowa kwa munthu payekha, kuwunika kungachitike pafupipafupi.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati zotsatira za phunzirolo zikupita 7%, ndiye kuti pafupipafupi zopereka magazi ndizofanana kamodzi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ndipo ngati magazi ali osakhazikika komanso osayendetsedwa bwino, ndiye kuti kupenda kumalimbikitsidwa miyezi itatu iliyonse.

Ubwino woyesedwa wa hemoglobin wa glycated pamayeso ena a shuga

Izi matenda zasayansi zitha kuchitidwa mosatengera nthawi ya tsiku, m'mimba kwathunthu, kapena mumamwa mankhwala. Zotsatira sizikhala ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kuchokera kusanthula komwe kumachitika molingana ndi malamulo. Izi ndizothandiza kwa odwala omwe sangathe kupuma mu maphunziro kapena anthu omwe amadya zakudya zapadera zomwe zimaletsa ngakhale kugona kwakanthawi.

Ndi njira imodzi yomwe imatsimikizira matenda ashuga m'magawo oyambilira komanso mwa mtundu wina. Izi zimathandiza kuyambiranso chithandizo chamankhwala komanso zimachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta chifukwa cha matendawa.

Matenda obvuta (kuphatikizapo matenda opatsirana ndi ma virus), kuwonjezera pa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, nthawi zambiri sizikhudza zotsatira zake.

Kufunika kwa shuga kumayendetsedwa ndi zinthu zambiri - kudya, kupsinjika, zolimbitsa thupi, mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, kuyezetsa magazi kosasintha sikungasonyeze kukhalapo kapena kusowa kwa matenda.

Contraindication pakuwunika

Popeza zotsatira za kusanthula mwachindunji zimatengera kapangidwe ka magazi ndi kupezeka kwa maselo ofiira m'magazi, kutsutsana kwathunthu ndikuyika magazi, magazi osiyanasiyana ndikuwonongeka kwa maselo ofiira amwazi. Pakuwunikira kwa kusanthula, izi zitha kudziwonetsa ngati chiwonjezero chabodza kapena kuchepa kwa hemoglobin ya glycated.

Nthawi zina, kumwa Vitamini B ndi C kumatha kukhudza zotsatira zomaliza.

Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated pazaka - gome

Kodi kuyesedwa kwa hemoglobin mwa glycated mwa anthu kukuwonetsa chiyani?

Chiwerengero chonse cha dziko lapansi, mosaganizira za jenda, matenda omwe alipo (kupatula matenda a shuga) komanso zaka 45, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated sikuyenera kupitilira mtengo wa 6.5%.
Ndi m'badwo, chizindikiro ichi chimasintha.

Kuchokera pa zaka 45 mpaka zaka 65, mulingo wake uyenera kukhala mkati mwa 7%. Anthu omwe ali ndi chizindikiro cha 7 mpaka 7, 5% amakhala pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a shuga ndipo amayang'aniridwa kwambiri ndi endocrinologist. Pakati pazochitika, wodwalayo amalandila matenda - matenda ashuga.

Njira za glycogemoglobin mwa okalamba, omwe ali ndi zaka 65 ndi akulu akusintha. Zotsatira zosaposa 7.5% zimawonedwa ngati zabwinobwino. Kugwiririra ntchito mpaka 8% kumakhala kokhutiritsa ndipo sikubweretsa nkhawa yayikulu.

Kubwereza kusawerengeka kopitilira muyeso

Ngakhale kuti pali malire omveka azisonyezo zabwinobwino ndi kupatuka kuchokera kwa iwo, kutanthauzira kwa kusantaku kuyenera kuperekedwa kwa katswiri woyenerera. Popeza, kutengera kulemera kwa thupi, mtundu wa thupi, zaka, kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira kungakhale kosiyana.

Monga mukudziwa, kuchuluka kwa glycogemoglobin kumadalira glucose yemwe ali m'magazi, ndiye kuti glycemia. Mukakhala ndi shuga, kuchuluka kwa maselo a hemoglobin kumalumikizana nawo. Zotsatira zake, mulingo wa glycogemoglobin uchulukira. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chofunsira wa endocrinologist, onse kwa munthu yemwe wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga komanso kwa omwe kale anali athanzi.

Kutengera ndi momwe zinthu ziliri, wodwalayo amalangizidwa pazakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chochepa, amalimbikitsidwa pa kusintha kwa moyo, kapena mankhwala akumwa.

Zimayambitsa Elephated Glycated Hemoglobin

1. Kuphwanya chakudya kagayidwe kachakudya, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
2. Splenectomy
3. Kuika magazi.
4. Matenda a impso.
5. Poizoni ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
6. Kusamalidwa bwino kwa matenda ashuga.

1. W ludzu.
2. Kukodza pafupipafupi.
3. Kuwona m'mavuto.
4. Kuthamanga mwachangu ndi kuchiritsa kwakatalika kwa mabala ang'onoang'ono pakhungu.
5. Kufooka, kugona.
6. Kusintha kwakuthwa kwamphamvu mbali imodzi kapena imodzi.

Glycogemoglobin kutsika

Monga momwe zinalili kale, izi sizomwe zimachitika, ndipo zimachitika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Kutsika kwa chizindikiro ichi ndikosowa.

1. Kutaya magazi kwambiri.
2. Kuika magazi.
3. Anemia, momwe nthawi yokhala ndi maselo ofiira amachepetsa kwambiri.
4. Hypoglycemia, i.e. Kuchuluka kosakwanira kwa shuga m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri matendawa amapezeka ndi glycated hemoglobin mkati ndi pansi pa 4%.
5. Kudya kwambiri kwa othandizira a hypoglycemic kapena kuzunza zakudya zamafuta ochepa.
6. Matenda a chibadwa.
7. Matenda, zotupa za kapamba, impso, chiwindi.
8. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu.

Zizindikiro za kuchepetsedwa hba1c

1. Kumverera kofoka kwa kufooka, kutopa.
2. Mofulumira kukulitsa kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe.
3. Kugona.
4. Ma syncope oyenda pafupipafupi.
5. Kugwedezeka, kusokonekera.

Kutengera ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, titha kunena kuti kuyezetsa magazi kwa glycated hemoglobin kumakhala ndi zabwino zingapo pamaphunziro ofanana ndipo ndi kofunikira kwa onse amoyo wathanzi komanso omwe ali ndi matenda a endocrine.