Ndi angati omwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2

Matendawa akakhudza thupi, kapamba amavutika koyamba, pomwe amapanga insulin. Ndi ma protein omwe amapatsa glucose muma cell a thupi kuti asunge mphamvu.

Ngati zikondazo zimasokoneza, shuga amatengedwa m'magazi ndipo thupi silipeza zinthu zofunika kuzichita. Amayamba kuchotsa glucose m'mafuta ndi minofu yambiri, ndipo ziwalo zake zimatha pang'ono pang'ono ndikuwonongeka.

Kutalika kwa moyo wa shuga kumadalira kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa thupi. Mwa odwala matenda ashuga, zosokoneza zomwe zimachitika:

chiwindi
mtima
ziwalo zowoneka
dongosolo la endocrine.

Ndi chithandizo chosawerengeka kapena chosaphunzira, matendawa amakhala ndi zotsutsana ndi thupi lonse. Izi zimachepetsa chiyembekezo cha moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga poyerekeza ndi anthu omwe akudwala matenda.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati zofuna zamankhwala sizikusungidwa zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi glycemia pamlingo woyenera, mavuto amakula. Ndiponso, kuyambira zaka 25, njira za ukalamba zimayambitsidwa m'thupi.

Momwe njira zowonongeka zimakhalira ndikusokoneza maselo obwereranso maselo zimachitika, zimatengera momwe thupi la wodwalayo lilili. Koma anthu omwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga komanso osachiritsidwa amatha kudwala matenda opha ziwalo m'tsogolo, zomwe nthawi zina zimabweretsa imfa. Kafukufuku akuti akapezeka ndi vuto lalikulu la hyperglycemia, nthawi yayitali ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga amachepa.

Mavuto onse okhudzana ndi matenda ashuga amagawika m'magulu atatu:

Pachimake - hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar ndi lacticidal chikomokere.
Pambuyo pake - angiopathy, retinopathy, matenda ashuga, polyneuropathy.
Matenda osokonezeka - zosokoneza pakugwira impso, mitsempha yamagazi ndi dongosolo lamanjenje.

Mavuto amachedwa komanso osachedwa kuopsa. Amafupikitsa moyo wokhala ndi matenda ashuga.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo?

ShugaManWomenSomenShuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda kuti mupeze ndemangaLevel0.58 Kuyang'ana osapezedwaTchulani zaka za manAge45 KusakaNot anapezaYambirani zaka za mkaziAge45

Ndi zaka zingati zomwe ndimakhala ndi matenda ashuga? Choyamba muyenera kumvetsetsa ngati munthu ali pachiwopsezo. Kutheka kwakukulu kwa mawonekedwe a endocrine kumachitika mwa ana ochepera zaka 15.

Nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi matenda amtundu 1. Mwana ndi wachinyamata amene ali ndi matenda amtunduwu amafunika moyo wa insulin.

Kuvuta kwa maphunziro a hyperglycemia muubwana kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo. Pazaka izi, matendawa samapezeka kawirikawiri ndipo kugonjetsedwa kwa ziwalo zonse zamkati ndi machitidwe zimachitika pang'onopang'ono.

Moyo wokhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kuubwana umakhala wovuta chifukwa makolo nthawi zonse sangathe kuyang'anira machitidwe a tsiku la mwana wawo. Nthawi zina wophunzira amatha kuyiwala kumwa piritsi kapena kudya zakudya zopanda pake.

Zachidziwikire, mwana samazindikira kuti chiyembekezo chokhala ndi matenda a shuga 1 sichitha kufupikitsidwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito moperewera zakudya ndi zakumwa. Chips, cola, maswiti osiyanasiyana ndimawakonda omwe ana amawakonda. Pakalipano, zinthu zotere zimawononga thupi, kuchepetsa kuchuluka ndi moyo.

Komabe omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndi anthu achikulire omwe amalephera kusuta ndudu ndikuledzera. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe alibe zizolowezi zoyipa amakhala nthawi yayitali.

Ziwerengero zimawonetsa kuti munthu yemwe ali ndi atherosulinosis ndi matenda a hyperglycemia amatha kufa asanafike paukalamba. Kuphatikizikaku kumayambitsa zovuta zakupha:

sitiroko, nthawi zambiri imapha,
gangore, nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kuduladula miyendo, komwe kumalola munthu kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu atachitidwa opaleshoni.

Mbiri yazachipatala

Ngati simumaganizira za chibadwa chomwe chimawonetsera nthawi yakukalamba kwa anthu, komanso kuvulala ndi matenda, zochitika zina zowopsa zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti pamenepa palibe yankho lenileni.

Tizikumbukira momwe anthu odwala matenda ashuga adapulumuka zaka zana zapitazo, pomwe matendawa adawoneka kuti akupha. Mitundu ingapo ya insulin idapangidwa mu 1921, koma idapezeka kwa 30 ogula okha. Mpaka nthawi imeneyo, odwala adamwalira ali ana.

Pulogalamu yoyamba ya pampu ya insulin ya Dr. Arnold Kadesh

Mankhwala oyamba amapangidwa pamaziko a insulin mu nkhumba kapena ng'ombe. Adapereka zovuta zambiri, odwala adawalekerera. Insulin yaumunthu imangowoneka mu 90s ya zaka zapitazi, lero ma analogi ake, omwe amasiyana ma amino acid angapo mumapuloteni, amatha kupezeka ndi aliyense. Mankhwala si osiyana ndi zinthu zomwe ma cell a beta opanga bwino amapanga.

Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga adapangidwa pambuyo pake kwambiri kuposa insulin, chifukwa zotere sizinathandize pa insulin boom. Moyo wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a mtundu 2 nthawi imeneyo adachepetsedwa kwambiri, chifukwa palibe amene ankayang'anira kuyambika kwa matendawa, ndipo palibe amene anaganiza za kunenepa kwambiri pakukula kwa matendawa.

Panalibe mankhwala kale komanso odwala matenda ashuga sanaganizirepo za kusintha moyo wawo.

Poyerekeza ndi zoterezi, tikukhala m'nthawi yachisangalalo, popeza tsopano tili ndi mwayi wokhala ndi ukalamba wopanda kutayika pang'ono pamsika uliwonse komanso mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga si sentensi

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amadalira kwambiri masiku ano, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chisankho, momwe angakhalire ndi matenda ashuga? Ndipo vutoli apa silothandiza ngakhale boma. Ngakhale ndikuwongolera kwathunthu mtengo wamafuta, chithandizo cha chithandizo chotere sichingakhale chochepa kwambiri ngati sakadapanga mapampu a insulin ndi glucometer, metformin ndi insulin, osanenanso zambiri pa intaneti. Chifukwa chake kusangalala ndi moyo kapena kukhala ndi nkhawa - zimangotengera inu kapena makolo omwe banja lawo muli ana odwala matenda ashuga.

Matenda A shuga Atha Kukhala Ndi Moyo Akale

Matenda, monga mukudziwa, musatibwerere zotere. Ena amapereka shuga ngati mayeso, ndipo ena amaphunzirapo kanthu pa moyo. Tiyenerabe kuthokoza Mulungu kuti odwala matenda ashuga siali olumala ndipo kwenikweni matendawa si owopsa ngati mutayang'anira thanzi lanu, lemekezani thupi lanu komanso siyani shuga.

Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse shuga

Mavuto - aakulu (a mtima, wamanjenje, masomphenya) kapena zovuta pachimake (chikomokere, hypoglycemia) amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'moyo wa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga. Ndi malingaliro oyenera ku matenda anu, zoterezi zingachitike.

Mavuto owopsa a matenda ashuga akuwopseza kwambiri moyo wa munthu

Asayansi amati nkhawa zazikulu za tsogolo lawo zimabweretsa mavuto pa moyo wawo. Osataya mtima wanu womenyera nkhondo, khalani odekha komanso otentha, chifukwa kuchiritsa kwabwino kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga ndi kuseka.

Ndi odwala matenda ashuga angati

Kupita patsogolo konse kwamankhwala kwakanthawi kochepa, chiopsezo cha kufa kwa odwala matenda ashuga amakhalabe apamwamba poyerekeza ndi anzawo athanzi. Ziwerengero zamankhwala zimati ndi shuga wodalira insulin, kumwalira ndi kawiri ndi 2.6 poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya odwala matenda ashuga. Matendawa amapangika pazaka 30 zoyambirira za moyo. Ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi ndi impso, pafupifupi 30% ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga amtunduwu amafa zaka 30 zikubwerazi.

Chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga

Odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga (85% ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga), chizindikiro ichi ndi chotsika - 1.6 zina. Mwayi wokumana ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ukuwonjezeka kwambiri pambuyo pa zaka 50. Tinaphunziranso za odwala omwe adwala matenda amishuga amtundu wa 1 ali mwana (mpaka zaka 25). Amakhala ndi mwayi wocheperako mpaka zaka 50, monga momwe muliri wopulumuka (poyerekeza ndi anzanga athanzi) ndi nthawi 4-9.

Mapiritsi ochepetsa magazi

Nyemba zikulowa mu mtundu 2 wa shuga - maphikidwe 8 a decoction

Ngati tiunika tsatanetsataneyo poyerekeza ndi chaka cha 1965, pomwe magazini okha "Science and Life" ndi omwe adadziwa zopambana za anthu odwala matenda ashuga, koma chidziwitsochi chikuwoneka bwino. Ndi 35%, kufa kwa mtundu wa 1 shuga kudatsika 11%. Kusintha koyenera kumawonedwa ndi odwala omwe samadalira insulin. Pafupifupi, chiyembekezo cha moyo wa matenda a shuga amachepetsa ndi zaka 19 kwa akazi ndi zaka 12 kwa amuna.

Posakhalitsa, odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda nawonso amasinthira ku insulin. Ngati mapilitsi akulephera kale kuchepetsa kukwiya kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi chifukwa cha kufooka kwa thupi, insulin ingathandize kupewa hyperglycemia ndi chikomokere.

Kutengera ndi nthawi yowonekera, mitundu yayitali komanso yayifupi ya insulin imasiyanitsidwa. Kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe awo kudzathandizira patebulo.

Njira zowunikira "Kutalika" kwa mtundu wa insulin "Wamfupi" wa insulin

Kulowetsedwa kwina

Mankhwalawa amathandizidwa pansi pa khungu la gawo la chikazi, komwe limayamwa mpaka maola 36

Mankhwalawa amapanikizika pakhungu la pamimba, pomwe amamwa mkati mwa theka la ola

Ndondomeko ya chithandizoMajakisoni amachitika pafupipafupi (m'mawa, madzulo). M'mawa, nthawi zina insulin "yofupika" imayikidwa limodzi.Bwino jekeseni - asanadye (kwa mphindi 20-30) Chakudya

Mankhwala "agwire" siofunikira

Kudya pambuyo poti jekeseni lifunike, apo ayi pali ngozi ya hypoglycemia

Kupititsa patsogolo kuwerenga kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe amatenga nawo gawo limodzi pasukulu ya matenda ashuga, kupezeka kwa zida za insulin ndi shuga, ndi chithandizo cha boma zawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi nthawi yayitali komanso moyo wabwino.

Zoyambitsa kufa mu shuga

Mwa zina zoyambitsa kufa padziko lapansi, matenda ashuga ali m'malo lachitatu (pambuyo pamatenda a mtima ndi oncological). Kudwala mochedwa, kunyalanyaza malangizo azachipatala, kupanikizika pafupipafupi komanso kugwira ntchito mopambanitsa, moyo womwe siuli wathanzi ndi zina mwazinthu zomwe zimatsimikizira kukhala ndi moyo mu shuga.

Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo onse azachipatala

Muubwana, makolo nthawi zonse samatha kuyendetsa machitidwe a kudya kwa mwana wodwala, ndipo iyemwini samamvetsetsa za chiwopsezo chophwanya boma, pakakhala ziyeso zambiri pafupi.

Zakudya kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala oyenera kwambiri pazofunikira zonse

Chiyembekezo chamoyo wazambiri odwala matenda ashuga chimatanthauzanso kulangidwa, makamaka, pakati pa omwe sangathe kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa (uchidakwa, kusuta fodya, kudya kwambiri) ,imfa ndiyambiri. Ndipo uku ndikusankha kwamunthu.

Kunenepa kwambiri kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa chiyembekezo chamoyo

Sikuti matenda a shuga omwe amayambitsa zotsatira zakupha, koma zovuta zake zovuta. Kukhazikika kwa glucose ochulukirapo m'magazi kumawononga mitsempha yamagazi, kumayambitsa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana ndi machitidwe. Matupi a Ketone ndi owopsa ku ubongo, ziwalo zamkati, motero ketoacidosis ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa imfa.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amadziwika ndi zovuta zamtundu wamanjenje, masomphenya, impso ndi miyendo. Mwa zina mwa matenda ofala kwambiri:

nephropathy - mu magawo omaliza ndi owopsa,
khungu, khungu lathunthu,
matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima m'matumbo okalamba ndi chifukwa chinanso cha imfa,
matenda amkamwa.

Renal Nephropathy a shuga

Ndi mtundu wa 2 wa shuga womwe sukulipidwa, pakakhala kuchuluka kwa insulini yakeyake, koma sikugwirizana ndi ntchito zake, chifukwa mafuta am'malo samalola kulowa mkati, mumakhala zovuta zina kuchokera mumtima, m'mitsempha yamagazi, m'maso, ndi pakhungu. Kugona kumakulirakulira, kulakalaka kudya kumakhala kovuta kuwongolera, ndipo kugwira ntchito kumatsika.

kagayidwe kachakudya - kuchuluka kwa ketone matupi amakwiya ketoacidosis,
atrophy ya minofu, neuropathy - chifukwa cha "shuga" wamitsempha, kufalikira kofooka,

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga a shuga

retinopathy - kuwonongedwa kwa ziwiya zosalimba maso, kuopseza kutayika kwa masomphenya (pang'ono kapena kwathunthu),

Kodi retinopathy imawoneka bwanji?

nephropathy - aimpso matenda ofunika hemodialysis, kupatsidwa chiwalo zina ndi zina zofunika kwambiri,

mtima matenda - varicose mitsempha, thrombophlebitis, matenda ashuga, gangrene,

Matenda a matenda ashuga a m'matumbo

chitetezo chofooka sichiteteza kumatenda opumira ndi chimfine.

DM ndi matenda oopsa omwe akukhudza ntchito zonse za thupi - kuchokera ku zikondamoyo mpaka m'mitsempha yamagazi, chifukwa chake wodwala aliyense ali ndi zovuta zake, chifukwa ndikofunikira kuthana osati vuto la shuga wambiri m'madzi a m'magazi.

Ambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amafa:

kwambiri nephropathy ndi matenda ena a impso (8%),

Kulephera kwa chiwindi - chiwindi chimayankha moyenera kusintha kwa insulin, kagayidwe kachakudya ka hepatocides kamasokonekera,

Gulu la magawo a chiwindi kulephera ndi encephalopathy

patsogolo gawo la odwala matenda ashuga komanso gangrene.

Matenda a shuga

Manambala, vuto limawoneka motere: 65% ya 2 odwala matenda ashuga ndi 35% ya mtundu 1 amamwalira ndi matenda amtima. Pali azimayi ambiri pagulu langozi lino kuposa abambo. Avereji ya zaka zoyambira kufa ndi odwala matenda ashuga: zaka 65 kwa akazi ndi zaka 50 kwa theka laumunthu. Kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka kukuchulukitsidwa kwa myocardial ndi shuga kumakhala k 3 katatu kuposa momwe ena akuvutikira.

Myocardial infaration ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu yamtima chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwamphamvu kwa magazi ake chifukwa cha thrombosis (blockage) imodzi mwa mitsempha ya mtima ndi cholembera cha atherosulinotic

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a 2 omwe ali ndi wowerengeka azitsamba okalamba - maphikidwe abwino!

Kukhazikitsidwa kwadera lomwe lakhudzidwalo ndikofunikira: 46% yamitsempha yamtima yakumanzere ndi 14% ya madipatimenti ena. Pambuyo pa vuto la mtima, zizindikiro za wodwalayo zimakulanso. Ndizodabwitsa kuti 4.3% anali ndi vuto la mtima la asymptomatic, lomwe linayambitsa imfa, popeza wodwalayo sanalandire chithandizo chanthawi yake.

Njira yoneneratu zotsatira za kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2 kuposa wamkulu zaka 45

Chiwerengero cha kukula kwa zonenedweratu ndi kuthekera kwa zotsatira zakufa

Zinthu Zakutsogolo

Zinthu Zoneneratu (Tebulo lipitili)

Kuphatikiza pa kugunda kwa mtima, zovuta zina zimadziwikanso mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi ya odwala "okoma": mtima wamatenda, matenda oopsa, matenda amitsempha yamagazi, mantha a mtima. Hyperinsulinemia imayambitsanso matenda a mtima komanso ischemic matenda a mtima. Amakhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwambiri kwa cholesterol kumapangitsa izi.

Hyperinsulinemia iyenera kumvetsedwa ngati matenda omwe amadziwonetsa mu kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi.

Kafukufuku awonetsa kuti matenda ashuga amakhudzana kwambiri ndi myocardial performance: ndi kuchuluka kwa ndende ya collagen, minofu yamtima imachepa. Matenda a shuga akhoza kukhala chofunikira pakukula kwa chotupa chowopsa, koma ziwerengero nthawi zambiri siziganizira zomwe zimayambitsa.

Mphoto ya Jocelyn

Poyambitsa Eliot Proctor Joslin, endocrinologist yemwe adayambitsa Center for Diabetes, mendulo idakhazikitsidwa mu 1948. Idaperekedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe akhala ndi izi kwa zaka zosachepera 25. Popeza zamankhwala zapita patsogolo kwambiri, ndipo masiku ano odwala ambiri adutsa mzerewu, kuyambira mu 1970, odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi "gawo" la 50 la matendawo alandilidwa.Mindondoyi imawonetsa munthu wothamanga yemwe ali ndi nyali yoyaka ndi mawu olembedwa kutanthauza: "Kupambana kwa munthu ndi mankhwala."

Jocelyn Mendulo - Mphotho Yopepuka ya shuga

Mphotho yaumwini ya zaka 75 zokhala ndi matenda ashuga mu 2011 idaperekedwa kwa Bob Krause. Mwinanso sakhala yekha, koma palibe amene angapereke zikalata zodalirika zomwe zikuwonetsa matendawa. Katswiri wamafuta wakhala zaka 85 ali ndi matenda ashuga. Zaka zopitilira 57 zaukwati adalera ana atatu ndi zidzukulu 8. Adadwala ali ndi zaka 5 pomwe insulin idangopangidwa. M'banja, sanali yekhayo wodwala matenda ashuga, koma yekha adatha kupulumuka. Amati chinsinsi chokhala ndi moyo wautali-otsika thupi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osankhidwa ndi nthawi yeniyeni ya kudya. Pamavuto, amalimbikitsa abwenzi ake kuti azitha kudzisamalira okha, zomwe amafuna pamoyo wa Bob Krause: "Chitani zomwe muyenera, ndipo zichitike!"

Mwa kudzoza, pali zitsanzo za zana limodzi pakati pa Russia. Mchaka cha 2013, mendulo ya Joslin ya "50th An SD pamodzi ndi SD" idaperekedwa kwa Nadezhda Danilina waku Dera la Volgograd. Adadwala matenda ashuga ali ndi zaka 9. Uyu ndiye munthu wathu wachisanu ndi chinayi yemwe adalandira mphotho yotere. Popeza adapulumuka amuna awiri, wodwala yemwe amadalira matenda a shuga amangokhala yekha mnyumba yopanda mpweya, wopanda zovuta za matenda osakwanira. Malingaliro ake, chinthu chachikulu ndikufuna kupulumuka: "Pali insulin, tidzapempherera!"

Momwe mungakhalire mosangalala kuyambira kale ndi matenda ashuga

Osati nthawi zonse komanso osati zonse m'moyo zimangodalira zokhumba zathu, koma ndife okakamizidwa kuyesa kuchita chilichonse mu mphamvu yathu. Zowonadi, ziwerengero zakufa kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga zikuwopsa, koma simuyenera kuyang'ana izi. Chifukwa chachikulu cha imfa sichimakhudzidwa nthawi zonse; aliyense wa ife ndi munthu payekha. Zambiri zimatengera mtundu wa chithandizo ndi momwe munthu analiri panthawi yodziwitsa. Chofunikira ndikupita ku chigonjetso kuti muthe kusintha bwino (osati nthawi zambiri kumanyenga), komanso zotsatira za kusanthula.

Ndikofunikira kuyesetsa kukhala ndi moyo wabwino ndikutsatira upangiri wa madokotala

Zachidziwikire, njirayi sitha kutchedwa yosavuta, ndipo si aliyense amene angakwanitse kubwezeretsa thanzi lathunthu. Koma ngati mungayime, ndiye kuti nthawi yomweyo muyambanso kubwerera. Kuti tisunge zomwe zakhala zikwaniritsidwa, aliyense ayenera kukwaniritsa ntchito yake tsiku lililonse, popeza kulephera kungawononge mwachangu njira zonse zopulumukira ndi matenda ashuga. Ndipo feat imakhala ndikubwereza zochita zosavuta tsiku lililonse: kuphika chakudya chopatsa thanzi popanda chakudya chamavuto, kulabadira masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyenda kwambiri (kukagwira ntchito, pamasitepe), osanyamula ubongo ndi dongosolo lamanjenje mosasamala, ndikukhala ndi kukana kupsinjika.

Muyenera kusinthana ndi zakudya zapadera ndikuchepetsa nkhawa

M'machitidwe azachipatala a Ayurveda, kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga kumafotokozeredwa motengera lingaliro la karmic: munthu atakwirira talente yake, yopatsidwa ndi Mulungu, pansi, sanamve "lokoma" m'moyo. Kuti mudzichiritse nokha pamalingaliro, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa komwe mukupita, yesani kupeza chisangalalo tsiku lililonse lomwe mukukhala, ndikuthokoza Universal pazonse. Mutha kulumikizana ndi sayansi yakale ya Vedic m'njira zosiyanasiyana, koma pali china choti muganizire, makamaka popeza kuti kulimbana kwa moyo njira zonse ndizabwino.

Chithandizo cha Ayurvedic cha matenda ashuga

Mtundu wa vuto

Kodi anthu odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi zaka zingati? Pali mfundo zolimbikitsa: mu 1965, odwala matenda a shuga 1 amwalira mu 35% ya milandu poyambirira, tsopano amakhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali, chiwerengero chawo chatsika ndi 11%. Mtundu wachiwiri, odwala amakhala ndi zaka 70 kapena kupitirira. Chifukwa chake ndikukhulupirira kapena kusakhulupirira ziwerengero ndi nkhani ya kusankha kwa aliyense. Endocrinologists, akafunsidwa ndi odwala kuti amakhala ndi matenda ashuga nthawi yayitali bwanji, akuti zimatengera kuwuma kwawo, koma osafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane tanthauzo la mawuwa. Zomwe zimafunikira ndikuchenjeza za zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi ndi kufunika kwachithandizo chanthawi zonse.

Zinafika poti zina mwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepetsa miyoyo ya odwala zimagona ndi akatswiri.

Mukazindikira matenda a shuga, moyo umapitilirabe ndipo ndi inu nokha amene mungafutukuze. Kusakhazikika kwa matendawa kuyenera kumwedwa nthawi yomweyo osachita mantha ndi izi. Odwala odwala matenda ashuga amafotokozedwa ndi dokotala wakale wa Greece Demeso, ndiye kuti matenda amtunduwu amatchedwa kuchepa kwa chinyezi, chifukwa munthu amakhala ndi ludzu pafupipafupi. Anthu otere amakhala ndi moyo zochepa kwambiri ndipo anamwalira asanakwanitse zaka 30; iwo, monga momwe zikuonekeratu, anali ndi matenda a shuga 1.

Ndipo mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga sunakhalepo, chifukwa anthu sanali kuchita nawo. Nanga bwanji masiku ano? Ndi mtundu 1, mutha kukhala ndi matenda ashuga kwathunthu komanso moyenera, ndipo ndi mtundu 2 mutha kuwuchotsa kwathunthu kwanthawi yayitali. Koma zozizwitsa sizibwera zokha, ziyenera kupangidwa. Chofunikira cha matendawa ndikuti pancreatic (pancreas) gland imaleka kuthana ndi ntchito yake yopanga insulin kapena kuipanga mwachizolowezi, koma mahomoni samatengekedwa ndi zimakhala.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga

Amatchedwa insulin-amadalira, chifukwa ndi izi amapanga timadzi tambiri timene timayendetsa. Matenda amtunduwu ndi osowa kwambiri (pokhapokha peresenti 10), amapezeka mwa ana ndi achinyamata. Amachokera ku cholowa chovuta kapena ngati kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, ngati kamayambitsa matenda m'thupi m'thupi. Mwanjira imeneyi, chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu chimadziponyera payekha komanso ma antibodies ake amayamba kuwononga ngati mlendo. Njirayi imathamanga, ndulu yowonongeka imasiya kugwira ntchito, ndipo insulin siyipangidwa. Zikatero, thupi liyenera kulandira insulin kuchokera kunja kuti ikhale ndi moyo.

Type 2 shuga

Koma iyi ndi shuga yomwe, yomwe aliyense wamva ndi ma glucometer omwe nthawi zambiri amalengezedwa. Amalembetsa pambuyo pa zaka 40-50. Ali ndi zinthu ziwiri zofunika kuchititsa - kubadwa ndi kunenepa. Ndi insulin yamtunduwu imapangidwa, koma zimakhala zake sizimamwa, chifukwa chake zimatchedwa insulin. Apa mahomoni pawokha sagwira ntchitozo. Izi matenda amakula pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono, munthu sangadziwe kwa nthawi yayitali kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga, zizindikiro za matendawa ndizofatsa.

Mosasamala mtundu wake, zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zilipobe:

ludzu lochulukirapo, lokhala ndi njala nthawi zonse,
kutopa kwambiri, kugona tulo masana,
kamwa yowuma
kukodza kumachitika pafupipafupi
zikwangwani zimawonekera pakhungu chifukwa cholumidwa nthawi zonse.
ngakhale zopota zazing'ono zimachiritsa bwino.

Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu iwiri: koyambirira, wodwalayo amataya msanga, ndi mtundu 2 - amayamba kunenepa.

Kukula kwachisokonezo komwe kumakhalapo chifukwa cha zovuta zake, osati palokha.

Ndi angati akukhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2? Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, kumwalira ndi kawiri ndi 2.6 kuposa anthu athanzi, ndipo mtundu 2, 1.6 kuposa. Kutalika kwa moyo wa matenda ashuga 1 kumatha zaka 50, ndipo nthawi zina kufika 60.

Magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga

Izi zikutanthauza kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la matenda ashuga, awa ndi:

zidakwa
osuta
ana ochepera zaka 12
achinyamata
okalamba odwala atherosulinosis.

Mwa ana ndi achinyamata, mtundu 1 wa shuga umanenedwa. Kutalika kwa moyo wawo kudzakhala kotani, zimadalira kwathunthu kuwongolera kwa makolo awo ndi kuthandizidwa ndi adokotala, chifukwa ana m'badwo uno satha kuzindikira kuopsa kwa vutoli, kwa iwo palibe lingaliro la kufa kuchokera pakudya maswiti ndi kumwa koloko. Ana otere ayenera kulandira insulin kwa moyo wonse, pafupipafupi (komanso pa nthawi yake).

Ngati tizingolankhula za omwe amasuta fodya komanso okonda mowa, ndiye kuti ngakhale ndi kuyang'aniridwa koyenera kwa malingaliro ena onse, akhoza kufikira zaka 40 zokha, ndi momwe zizolowezi ziwirizi ndizowopsa. Ndi atherosclerosis, stroko ndi gangore ndizofala - odwala oterewa adzaweruzidwa. Opaleshoni amatha kuwonjezera moyo wawo kwa zaka zingapo.

Chimachitika ndi chiani mthupi ndi kufalikira kwa "magazi okoma" kudzera m'matumbo? Choyamba, ndi wandiweyani, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti katundu pa mtima amawonjezeka kwambiri. Kachiwiri, shuga imang'amba khoma lamitsempha yamagazi, monga amphaka amang'amba mipando yophulika.

Maenje a mabowo pamakoma awo, omwe nthawi yomweyo amadzazidwa ndi ma cholesterol. Ndizo zonse - zina zonse zili pa chala. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kudziwa kuti shuga imakhudza mitsempha yamagazi, kusintha kwawo kosasintha. Chifukwa chake zilonda zam'mimba, ndi kuchiritsa zilonda zam'mimba, khungu, ndi uremic chikomaso ndi zina zotero - zonse zakupha. Kupatula apo, ukalamba m'thupi wakhala ukukula kuyambira zaka 23, izi ndizosatheka kwa aliyense. Matenda a shuga amawonjezera njirayi nthawi zina, ndipo kusinthika kwa maselo kumachepetsa. Iyi si nkhani zoyipa, koma kuyitanitsa kuchitapo kanthu.

Kukhala ndi moyo wautali, mwina pokhapokha ngati nthawi zonse mumayang'anira shuga, magazi ndi zochita zolimbitsa thupi.

Ntchito yayikulu kwambiri komanso yoyipa kwa odwala matenda ashuga imagwiridwa ndi nkhawa komanso mantha "momwe mungakhalire nayo", komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Zimapangitsa kuti shuga atulutse ndikutenga mphamvu kwa wodwala kuti amenyane, ma cortisol am'madzi amatulutsidwa m'magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, mitsempha yamagazi imawonongeka, zomwe zimakulitsa vutoli.

M'moyo, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala wodekha komanso wodekha, wopezeka mu malingaliro ndi machitidwe. Chifukwa chake, ndi mtundu 1, pokhazikika pakuwunika shuga wamagazi, kutsatira malingaliro onse, odwala azitha kukhala zaka 60-65, ndipo wachitatu amakhala ndi moyo wopitilira 70. Chiwopsezo cha matenda amtundu woyamba ndikuti chimatha kuyamba kudwala matenda ashuga. Njira zosasinthika zimachitikira impso ndi mtima. Odwala oterowo ayenera kukhala ndi chibangiri m'manja mwawo chosonyeza kuti ali ndi vutoli, pamenepo ambulansi ikafika kuyitanitsa ena idzakhala yosavuta kupereka thandizo lofunikira. Pofuna kupewa zoopsa za hypoglycemia, munthu ayenera kukhala ndi mapiritsi a shuga. Wodwala yemwe akudziwa kale zofunikira amatha kumvetsetsa kuti nthawi yakwana yoti apereke insulin, yomwe akufuna kukhala naye.

Kodi amakhala ndi shuga nthawi yayitali bwanji? Amayi omwe amadalira insulin amakhala zaka 20, ndipo amuna amakhala ndi zaka 12 poyerekeza ndi anzawo athanzi. Odwala awa amadalira kwathunthu okondedwa awo, pakulamulira kwawo mosasamala.

Za mtundu wachiwiri

Umu ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, womwe umapezeka kuti walandidwa kangapo kuposa mtundu woyamba, mutatha zaka 50 ndi kuposerapo, kuphatikiza pa zomwe zachitika pamoyo, pali zilonda zambiri zosachiritsika. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimatha kukhala cholowa komanso kukhala ndi moyo woipa. Pakhoza kusakhala ndi zodziwikiratu zoonekera, koma munthu mwadzidzidzi amayamba kutsutsana ndi mtima komanso kudumphira m'magazi. Malo achiwiri ndi a impso. Mukamawunika odwala oterowo, nthawi zambiri amaulula mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga.

stroko, myocardial infaration,
nephropathy,
retinopathy (kuwonongeka kwammbuyo ndi khungu),
kudula miyendo
mafuta hepatosis
polyneuropathies ndi kutaya mtima, chifukwa cha minofu atrophy, kukokana,
zilonda zam'mimba.

Odwala oterowo amayenera kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi shuga m'magazi. Kuti munthu akhale ndi moyo wautali, ayenera kutsatira njira yochiritsidwayo. Amayenera kupuma mokwanira komanso kugona mokwanira, panthawi ndi kudya bwino. Boma liyenera kulemekezedwa kulikonse, mosasamala malo omwe angakhale. Achibale ayenera kulimbikitsa wodwalayo, osamulola kuti asakhale wokhumudwa.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kuchuluka kwa zaka za matenda a shuga a 2 kungathe kupitilizidwa ndi moyo wabwino. Zitha kuchepa pokhapokha zaka 5 poyerekeza ndi osadwala - izi ndizolosera. Koma izi ndizomwe zimachitika pakakhala olamulira. Komanso, kufa kwa amuna ndiwokwera kwambiri, chifukwa amayi nthawi zambiri amayesetsa kutsatira zonse zofunika. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga umakulitsa chiwopsezo cha matenda a Alzheimer's zaka 60.

Carbohydrate metabolism imalephera poganiza kuti maselo amakhala osazindikira insulini ndipo sangathe kulowa mkati mwake.

Kugwiritsa ntchito shuga sikuchitika, ndipo m'magazi mumayamba kukula. Ndipo pomwe kapamba amaletsa kupanga kwa insulin konse. Pakufunika kuti mupeze izi kuchokera kunja (mu gawo lowopsa kwambiri la matenda). Ndi anthu angati omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga masiku ano? Izi zimakhudzidwa ndi moyo komanso zaka.

Kukula komanso kusinthika kwa matenda ashuga kumachitika chifukwa chakuti padzikoli pali ukalamba wambiri. Vuto lina ndilakuti ndi matekinoloje apamwamba aposachedwa, zizolowezi za anthu zasintha kwathunthu kwa nthawi yayitali: akukhalabe kuntchito, kutsogolo kwa makompyuta, kuchuluka kwachilendo kwakuthupi, kudya pafupipafupi zakudya zopsinjika, kupsinjika, kupsinjika kwamanjenje, ndi kunenepa kwambiri - zinthu zonsezi zimasunthira zizindikiritso kwa achinyamata. Ndipo chinthu chimodzi: ndichopindulitsa kwa akatswiri azamankhwala kuti asapange njira yothandizira matenda ashuga, phindu likukula. Chifukwa chake, mankhwala amamasulidwa omwe amangotsitsimutsa zizindikiro, koma osachotsa zomwe zimayambitsa. Chifukwa chake, chipulumutso cha anthu akumira ndi ntchito ya anthu akumira iwo eni, kwakukulu. Musaiwale zochitika zolimbitsa thupi komanso zakudya.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga atatu: ofatsa - shuga wamagazi mpaka 8,2 mmol / l, apakati - mpaka 11, olemera - oposa 11.1 mmol / l.

Kulephera ndi Matenda Awiri A shuga

Hafu ya odwala matenda ashuga a 2 ali ndi vuto. Odwala okhawo omwe amayang'anira thanzi lawo mosamala ndi omwe angapewe izi. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga okhathamira, pamene ziwalo zonse zofunika zikugwirabe ntchito mwachizolowezi, koma kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito amadziwika, gulu lolumala la 3 limaperekedwa kwa chaka chimodzi.

Odwala sayenera kugwira ntchito yoopsa, nthawi yausiku, yotentha kwambiri, amakhala ndi maola osagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana ndikuyenda maulendo aku bizinesi.

M'magawo otukuka, anthu akafuna chisamaliro chakunja, gulu lomwe siligwira ntchito 1 kapena 2 limaperekedwa.

Maupangiri a Thanzi la odwala matenda ashuga

Zakudya zimafunikira ngakhale kwa moyo wonse. Kuwerengera kwa BZHU peresenti kuyenera kukhala: 25-20-55. Zomwe amakonda zimaperekedwa kwa chakudya choyenera, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a masamba. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kumwa kwa zipatso zotsekemera, kupatula zopangidwa ndi shuga, musaiwale za mavitamini ndi mchere. Zowonjezera zambiri, mbewu monga chimanga ndi mafuta zimavomerezeka.

Mavuto aakulu

Mavuto amakula ndi zaka za matenda ndi matenda amishuga 2. Zombozi zidakhudzidwa kale ndi nthawi imeneyo, mathero a mitsempha nawonso, minyewa yamtundu wa trophic. Chifukwa cha njirazi, ziwalo zamkati zimayamba kuchepa - izi ndi impso, mtima, khungu, maso, mathero amitsempha, komanso dongosolo lamanjenje lamkati. Amangoleka kukwaniritsa ntchito zawo. Ngati ziwiya zazikulu zikukhudzidwa, ndiye kuti pali chowopsa kuubongo. Zikaonongeka, makoma amaterera mu lumen, amakhala osalimba ngati galasi. Matenda a shuga a shuga amayamba pambuyo pa zaka 5 za shuga wambiri.

Phazi la matenda ashuga limakulika - miyendo imalephera kumva, kukhala dzanzi, zilonda zam'mimba, kuzimiririka. Miyendo ya wodwalayo siyimva kutentha, monganso momwe anachitira a Natya Kustinskaya, yemwe anali ndi miyendo usiku wonse atagwa ndi batri lotentha, koma sanamve.

Ndi matenda a shuga 2, nephropathy imakhala malo oyamba kufa, motsatiridwa ndi matenda amtima ndi maso. Loyamba limayamba chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso, kuthana ndi chiwalo kungafunike, komwe, kumadzaza ndi zovuta zina pakuchita opareshoni. Pakhungu m'malo osokonekera komanso thukuta kwambiri, furunculosis imayamba.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda oopsa, omwe amakhalabe okwera ngakhale nthawi yopuma usiku, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha stroke ndi matenda a edema ndi MI. Ndizosangalatsa kuti mitsempha yokhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2 nthawi zambiri imayamba masana motsutsana ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Theka la anthu odwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi matenda oyamba matenda a mtima kwambiri.

Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, munthu sangamve kupweteka mumtima chifukwa chophwanya minyewa yamatenda.

Vuto lamkati mwa amuna limayambitsa kusabala, ndipo azimayi amatha kufooka komanso ziume.Ndi chidziwitso chofunikira cha matendawa, Zizindikiro zamavuto amisempha mu mawonekedwe a encephalopathy amakula: chizolowezi chokhala ndi nkhawa, kusakhazikika kwa mtima, kuchuluka kwa manjenjenje komanso phokoso limawonekera. Izi zimadziwika makamaka ndikusinthasintha kwa shuga. Mapeto ake, odwala amadwala matenda a maganizo. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwamalingaliro amtunduwu ndi motere: ndi shuga wochepa, mumamva bwino, koma palibe dementia, wokhala ndi shuga wambiri, mumatha kumva bwino, koma mavuto a m'maganizo amakula. Retinopathy ndizotheka, zomwe zimatsogolera kuubala ndi khungu.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani matenda a shuga amafupikitsa moyo?

Musanakumane ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo, muyenera kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake nthenda yoyipa ngati imeneyi imawoneka.

Kasitomala ndiye amachititsa kuti insulin ipangidwe m'thupi la munthu. Ngati imasiya kugwira ntchito mwachizolowezi, ndiye kuti insulini imachepa, chifukwa cha shuga sichimatengedwera ku ziwalo zina ndi ma cell, koma imangokhala m'magazi.

Zotsatira zake, minofu yathanzi imayamba kusweka, ndipo izi zimabweretsa zotsutsana:

matenda amtima
kusokonezeka kwa endocrine
momwe zida zamagetsi zimawonera,
mavuto ndi mitsempha,
matenda a impso ndi chiwindi.

Mndandanda wamatenda sutha pamenepo.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga samakhala ocheperako kuposa anthu athanzi kapena ngakhale omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika.

Matendawa akamakula komanso kukwera shuga m'magazi, ndiye kuti akhoza kufa. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe amakhala osasamala mu thanzi lawo, nthawi zambiri samawongolera shuga komanso samalandira chithandizo, amakhala zaka zoposa 50.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga mellitus 1 degree

Ndi matenda a shuga, palibe insulin m'thupi. Zizindikiro zimatchulidwa, ndipo matendawa amakula mwachangu.

Maselo a pancreatic amayamba kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa amasiya kugwira ntchito - kupanga insulin. Maselo oterowo amatchedwa maselo a beta. Ziwalo zambiri mwa anthu zimadalira insulini, ndipo ngati sizipangidwa, kusokonekera kumachitika m'thupi, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumawonekera m'magazi.

Minofu ya adipose yaumunthu sigwira ntchito moyenera. Chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga (komanso kuwonda). Mu minofu yam'mimba mumatha kuwonongeka kwamapuloteni omwe amatulutsa amino acid ambiri, omwe amathandizanso kuti wodwalayo asadwale.

Kuti muthane bwino ndi kukonza kwa mafutawa, ma amino acid ndi zinthu zina, chiwindi chimayamba kugwira ntchito kwambiri, ndikuzikonza mu zinthu za ketone. Amayamba kudyetsa ziwalo m'malo mwa insulin, makamaka ubongo.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba ndi a 2

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga, kapamba samatulutsa insulin konse. Mu matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri, kuchuluka kwake sikokwanira kuthana ndi shuga onse m'thupi, motero kuchuluka kwa glucose kumawonjezeka nthawi ndi nthawi. Pakadali pano, kuyambitsa insulin yowonjezera sikofunikira, chifukwa kapamba imatha kutaya ntchito ngati zinthu zomwe amapanga zimachokera kunja.

Yankho la funso loti amakhala bwanji ndi matenda ashuga a 2 zimatengera zinthu zambiri:

Kodi wodwalayo amadya?
Kodi mawu a dokotala
Kodi mulingo wakuchita zolimbitsa thupi,
Kodi amamwa mankhwala okonza.

Ndi matenda amtunduwu, kupanga osati insulin kokha, komanso ma enzymes am'mimba amasokonezedwa. Kutsogolera ntchito ya kapamba, kapamba, mafuta, ndi mankhwala ena omwe amapindulitsa pamimba yonse yamatumbo amayikidwa.

Kutalikitsa moyo wabwinobwino kumathandiza ndikuwongolera ntchito ya ndulu. Chiwalochi chimalumikizana kwambiri ndi kapamba. Kukhazikika kwa bile kumabweretsa mavuto akulu mthupi, ngakhale kusakhalako kwathunthu sikutanthauza chilichonse chabwino.

Kuti mukhale ndi moyo nthawi yayitali komanso kuti mukhale wathanzi, muyenera kuyang'anira machitidwe onse ndi ntchito zina mthupi. Odwala ena amafunafuna yankho la funso loti amakhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2 popanda kudya. Ngati simumangokhala ndi chakudya chambiri, zotsatira zake zimakhala zoipa kwambiri. Ndi njira yosasamalirayi yathanzi, munthu amwalira miyezi ingapo.

Zomwe zikuchitika pakupanga shuga

Kuti mumvetsetse momwe amakhala ndi matenda a shuga pa insulin, muyenera kumvetsetsa za matendawo, momwe amakhalira. Malangizo atangopezeka kumene ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chikuyambitsidwa, ndizotheka mwayi wobwerera m'moyo wonse.

Matenda a shuga ndi amitundu iwiri - I ndi II. Popanda kufotokoza tsatanetsatane wa matendawa, titha kunena kuti mtundu ndine wobadwanso, ndipo mtundu II ndi womwe umapezeka. Matenda a shuga a Type I amakula asanakwanitse zaka 30. Mukazindikira izi, insulini yochita kupanga singathe kugawidwa ndi.

Matenda a shuga omwe amapezeka ndi zotsatira za kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, njira yopanda moyo. Zimachitika kawirikawiri mwa anthu okalamba, koma pang'onopang'ono matendawa amakhala ocheperako. Kuzindikira koteroko nthawi zambiri kumachitika kwa achinyamata azaka 35 mpaka 40.

Mtundu 2 wa matenda ashuga, jakisoni wa insulin sofunikira nthawi zonse. Mutha kusintha shuga yanu yamagazi mwakuwongolera zakudya zanu. Tiyenera kusiya mchere, ufa, masamba okhuthala ndi zipatso. Zakudya zoterezi zimabweretsa zotsatira zabwino.

Ngati simunayang'anire bwino zakudya zanu, ndiye kuti pakapita nthawi komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, mufunika mankhwala ena owonjezera a insulin.

Kutalika kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi yayitali kumadalira insulin mwachindunji kutengera nthawi yomwe matendawa amapezeka. Tonse tiyenera kudziwa zizindikiro za matenda akulu a endocrinological kuti tipewe zotsatirapo zake ngati tazindikira mochedwa.

Mndandandandawu umaphatikizapo:

Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi,
Kupanda chilimbikitso
Pakamwa pokhazikika pouma
Kumva ludzu
Zofooka, mphwayi,
Kwambiri kuvuta.

Kuwonetsera kwa chizindikiro chimodzi kapena zingapo nthawi imodzi kuyenera kukuchenjezani. Ndikofunika kuti mupereke magazi ndi mkodzo nthawi yomweyo kuti muwone ngati ali ndi shuga. Kusanthula uku kumachitika mwachangu, koma kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika, simuyenera kudya maswiti ambiri mawa musanazindikire.

Ndi zotsatira za mayeso, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala. yambani makamaka ndi akatswiri. Ngati katswiri wodziwa zambiri akakhala kuti alibe nkhawa ndi zinazake, amaperekera kwa a endocrinologist.

Kafukufuku wowonjezera amakulolani kudziwa mtundu wa matenda ashuga, makamaka chitukuko. Izi ndizofunikira popanga regimen yotsatira.

Kuzindikira koyambirira ndi chitsimikizo cha tsogolo labwino la mankhwala omwe akubwera. Ngakhale kuti matenda ashuga sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu, zamankhwala zamakono komanso zamankhwala zimatha kupulumutsa odwala pazovuta zambiri zomwe zimawonetsa matendawa ndikukhalitsa moyo wawo.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga mu ana: zapamwamba

Nthawi zambiri makolo amafunsa kuti ana angati omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a insulin amakhala. Muubwana, ndi mtundu woyamba wa shuga wokha womwe umayamba. Ndi njira yoyenera, mwana amatha kusinthidwa pagulu lodzaza kuti asadzione ngati wosavomerezeka, koma zotsatira zoyipa zimatsalira moyo.

Kukula kwa matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin mwa ana amawonedwa kuti ndi abwino. Koma zonena zabwino ngati izi zitha kupangidwa kokha ngati shuga yalipidwa, ndiye kuti, shuga yokhazikika yotsimikizika ndikutsatira kwambiri chithandizo.

Mavuto ambiri a mtundu woyamba wa ana 1:

retinopathy
kuwonongeka kwaimpso,
wodwala matenda ashuga
mitsempha
lipid kagayidwe kachakudya,
kuchepa chonde.

Ana onse omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda ashuga 1 amapatsidwa kulumala mosasamala za zovuta.

Ana amangopeza matenda ashuga oyamba. Zochitika zaposachedwa zamankhwala sizingathe kuchiritsa matenda ashuga mwa mwana. Komabe, pali mankhwala omwe amathandizira kukhazikika kwa thanzi komanso kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a shuga m'magazi.

Njira zodziwitsa

Kuzindikira matenda a shuga 1 amokhala magawo awiri. Choyamba ndi kudziwa ngati mwana alidi ndi matenda ashuga. Chachiwiri ndi kudziwa kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga otani.

Gawo loyamba ndikuphunzira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Izi zitha kuchitika ndi mita ya shuga m'magazi, koma kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatsimikiziridwa molondola kwambiri mu labotale yapadera.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a wodwalayo kudutsa 6.7 mmol / l, ndiye kuti palibe kukayika pamaso pa matenda ashuga.

Kuchita urinalosis kumathandizanso pakuzindikira. Ngati mwana akudwala matenda ashuga, shuga, komanso matupi a ketone, amapezeka m'chigawo cham'mawa cha mkodzo wake.

Ngati kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga ndikotsimikizika, ndikofunikira kudziwa mtundu wake. Pozindikira matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba, ma antibodies enaake amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kupezeka kwawo m'mwazi wa mwana kumawonetsa kuti maselo a kapamba amawonongeka:

ma antibodies a insulin
ma antibodies a cell a islets a Langerhans,
ma antibodies kwa tyrosine phosphatase.

Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga, muyenera kudutsa mitundu yonse ya kafukufuku wazachipatala. Njira zothandiza kwambiri ndikuphatikiza kuyesa magazi ndi kuwunika.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1

Kapamba wa odwala matenda ashuga 1 ana satulutsa insulin. Izi zikutanthauza kuti insulini iyenera kuyendetsedwa kunja.

Izi zimathandiza kuti mwana akhale ndi moyo wautali, ngakhale kuti anali zaka zana zapitazo, atalephera kupanga insulin, wodwala wotereyu amafa mwachangu kwambiri.

Njira zochizira matenda amtundu wa shuga wa ana muziphatikizapo:

mankhwala a insulin
zakudya zoyenera
zolimbitsa thupi
kukhazikika maganizo.

Mankhwala a insulini amasankhidwa ndi adokotala okha malinga ndi zomwe mwanayo akuonetsa.

ultrashort action (maola 3-4),
ntchito yayifupi (maola 6-8),
nthawi yayitali yochita (maola 12-16),
ntchito yayitali (mpaka maola 30).

Kuti tifanane ndi kupanga kwachilengedwe kwa insulin, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza insulin zazifupi komanso zazitali. Kusankha koyenera ndikoyamba kusankha chakudya, kenako kuwerengera kwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira za zolimbitsa thupi. Kufunika kwawo kumachitika chifukwa chakuti minofu imayamwa glucose panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi popanda kutenga nawo insulin.

Katundu azikhala wokhazikika, koma woyezedwa. Musanayambe makalasi, ndibwino kukambirana ndi endocrinologist.

Kuti mukhale ndi shuga wokhazikika, ndikofunikira kusamalira thanzi la mwana, chifukwa kupanikizika kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Ndikofunika kufunsa katswiri wama psychologist kapena psychotherapist wodziwa ntchito ndi odwala omwe akudwala matenda osachiritsika.

Zakudya za matenda ashuga 1 mwa mwana ndi mutu wanthawi yayitali, motero tidzifotokoza m'chigawo chino.

Momwe mungawongolere chithandizo?

Njira zoyendetsera chithandizo ziyenera kuchitika nthawi zonse mogwirizana ndi adokotala, koma zimatengera wodwalayo ndi banja lake. Kuwunika momwe insulin ikugwirira ntchito:

kuyang'anira shuga tsiku lililonse ndi mita ya shuga m'magazi,
kutumiza pafupipafupi mkodzo kuwunikira kuti musankhe kupezeka kwa ma ketones ndi shuga,
kudziwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amatanthauza matenda osachiritsika omwe amalephera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala: chithandizo chimakhazikika pakukhazikitsa thupi, kupewa zovuta ndi matenda ena.

Zolinga zazikulu pochiza matenda a shuga 1

Matenda a shuga ndi kuwonongedwa kwa matenda kuwonekera.
Kupewa mavuto.
Thandizo pamaganizidwe kwa wodwala, omwe cholinga chake ndi kutengera moyo watsopano wa wodwalayo.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chimakhala ndi cholinga - kuchepetsa shuga. Kenako chikhalidwe cha anthu odwala matenda ashuga sichingasiyane kwambiri ndi chizolowezi. Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi matenda amenewa kwa zaka zambiri.

Ngati owonjezera jakisoni wa insulin

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, insulini siipangidwa konse ndi kapamba. Ngati timadzi tonenepa sitikhala m'thupi, glucose amadziunjikira. Zimapezeka pafupifupi zakudya zonse, chifukwa chake chakudya chokha sichingafanane ndi kusowa kwa chinthu ichi. Mankhwala obayira a mahomoni amafunikira.

Gulu la insulin yokumba ndi yochulukirapo. Imakhala nthawi yayitali, yayifupi, yayitali, yayitali. Makhalidwewa amatengera kuthamanga kwa kuchitapo kanthu. Ultrashort insulin yomweyo imaphwanya shuga m'thupi, ndikuyika dontho lakuthwa m'magazi ake, koma nthawi yake ndi mphindi 10-15.

Insulin yayitali imathandizira kukhala ndi shuga nthawi yayitali kwa nthawi yayitali. Kusankhidwa koyenera kwa mankhwalawa kumatsimikizira momwe wodwalayo alili. Kudumphadumpha kulikonse kwa zizindikiro zotere kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa. Ndiwowopsa shuga wambiri m'magazi, komanso kutsika kwambiri kwake.

Kuti mupeze njira yabwino kwambiri yoyendetsera mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga kangapo patsiku. Masiku ano, zida zapadera - glucometer zimathandizira pamenepa. Simuyenera kupita ku labotale kuti mukayezetse. Dongosolo limadzipenda lokha magawo a shuga. Njirayi ndiyopweteka.

Choperewera chapadera chimapanga punction pa chala. Dontho la magazi osasinthika amaikidwa pamizere yoyeserera, zotsatira zake zikupezeka pomwepo.

Dokotala wofotokozera amafotokoza momveka bwino mankhwala. Ndizovuta chifukwa zimadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga. Pokhapokha ngati moyo wa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika amatha kupitilira.

Kukula ndi zotulukapo za matenda a shuga 1

Kukula kwa chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga 1 ndi ochepera. Mpaka 45-50% ya odwala amafa zaka 37-42 atadutsa matendawa chifukwa cha kulephera kwaimpso.

Pambuyo 23-27 zaka, odwala kukhala atherosulinosis zovuta, zomwe zimabweretsa imfa, sitiroko, pambuyo podzicheka, ischemic lesion ya miyendo kapena matenda a mtima. Zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha kufa msanga ndi neuropathy, matenda oopsa, etc.

Gulu lamavuto

Mwana wazaka zilizonse amatha kudwala - matendawa samapitirira ngakhale ana akhanda.

Ziwonetsero zoyambirira zimapezeka pazaka 3-5. Izi ndichifukwa choti nthawi ino, ana nthawi zambiri amayamba kupita ku sukulu ya kindergarten ndipo amakumana ndi ma virus atsopano. Tizilombo ta ma virus timakhudza maselo otetemera a kapamba, omwe amachititsa kuti insulini ipangidwe bwino.

Chiwonetsero chachiwiri cha matendawa chimachitika zaka 13-16-16 ndipo chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutha msanga kwa mwana. Anyamata ndi atsikana amadwala matenda amtundu 1 shuga nthawi zambiri.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda amtundu 1 wa ana ndi achinyamata?

Kodi anthu odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi zaka zingati?

Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka komwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga, muyenera kuganizira mtundu wa matenda, kuuma kwa kukula kwake, kupezeka kwa zovuta. Malinga ndi ziwonetsero zakale, anthu omwe apezeka ndi matenda amtundu woyamba ali pachiwopsezo cha kufa msanga.

Poyerekeza ndi munthu wathanzi, zotsatira zakupha zimachitika kawiri kawiri. Chifukwa chake, ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, wodwala kwambiri ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi ukalamba nthawi 1.5.

Ngati anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga aphunzira za matendawa ali ndi zaka 14 - 35, amatha kukhala ndi insulin kwa zaka 50, ngakhale atatsatira zakudya zowonjezera zodwala komanso kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.Chiwopsezo chawo cha kufa msanga ndi 10 peresenti poyerekeza ndi anthu athanzi.

Mulimonsemo, madokotala akutsimikizira kuti pali mayankho abwino ku funso loti "amakhala ndi matenda ashuga". Munthu akhoza kupitilizabe kukhala wathanzi ngati, atazindikira kuti ali ndi matenda, ayamba kutsatira malamulo onse ofunikira - kulimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi, kutsatira zakudya zapadera, kumwa mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga.

Vuto ndilakuti si onse endocrinologists omwe amapereka chidziwitso molondola momwe wodwala angathandizire. Zotsatira zake, vutoli limakulitsidwa, ndipo chiyembekezo cha moyo wa munthu chimachepetsedwa.
Masiku ano, munthu atazindikira mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, amatha kukhala ndi zaka zambiri kuposa zaka 50 zapitazo. M'mazaka amenewo, chiwerengero cha anthu omwalira chimaposa 35%, pakadali pano, zizindikiro zotere zatsika mpaka 10 peresenti. Komanso, chiyembekezo chamoyo chawonjezeka kangapo ndi matenda amtundu wa 2.
Zomwezi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti mankhwala samayima. Masiku ano odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mwayi wopeza insulini mwaufulu posankha mtundu woyenera wa mahomoni. Pali mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala yogulitsidwa yomwe imathandiza bwino kulimbana ndi matendawa. Mothandizidwa ndi chipangizo chothandiza kunyamula cha glucometer, munthu akhoza kuyeserera payekha payokha kuti azigwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa shuga m'nyumba.

Mwambiri, matenda amtundu 1 amadziwika pakati pa ana ndi achinyamata. Tsoka ilo, pamsika uno, chiopsezo cha kufa chimakhala chambiri, chifukwa makolo samazindikira matendawa nthawi yake. Komanso, mwana nthawi zina amatha kutsatira payekha zakudya zoyenera, kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngati mukuphonya nthawi yovuta, matendawa amapeza mphamvu komanso nthawi yayikulu matendawa imayamba.

Matenda a Type 2 nthawi zambiri amapezeka pakati pa anthu akuluakulu, ndikayamba kwa ukalamba.

Chiwopsezo cha kufa koyambirira chitha kuchuluka ngati munthu amakonda kusuta komanso kumwa mowa.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga

Musanafunse funso kuti mutha kukhala ndi nthawi yayitali bwanji mutazindikira kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kulipo pakati pa mankhwalawa ndi zakudya za mtundu woyamba komanso wachiwiri wa matenda. Matendawa nthawi iliyonse ndi osachiritsika, muyenera kuzolowera, koma moyo umapitilira, ngati mungayang'ane zovuta mosiyana ndi zomwe mukuchita.

Ngati matenda akhudza ana ndi achinyamata, makolo sangayang'anire matendawo nthawi zonse. Munthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndikusankha chakudya mosamala. Matendawa akakula, kusintha kumakhudza ziwalo zamkati ndi thupi lonse. Maselo a Beta amayamba kuphwanya, chifukwa chake insulin singathe kupanga bwino.

Mukakalamba, kuleza kwa glucose kumayamba, chifukwa cha zomwe ma cell a pancreatic sazindikira insulin, chifukwa, shuga wamagazi amawonjezeka. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, ndikofunikira kuti musamaiwale kudya molondola, kupita kumalo olimbitsa thupi, nthawi zambiri kuyenda mumlengalenga, ndikusiya kusuta ndi mowa.

Chifukwa chake, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuvomereza matenda ake kuti adzithandize yekha kuti akhalenso ndi moyo wabwino.
Muyezo wa shuga wamagazi tsiku lililonse uyenera kukhala chizolowezi.
Pankhani ya shuga wodalira insulin, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupeze cholembera chapadera chomwe mungapangire jakisoni pamalo alionse abwino.

Zomwe zimapangitsa moyo kukhala ndi shuga

Palibe endocrinologist yemwe angatchule tsiku lenileni lomwe wodwalayo amwalira, popeza sizikudziwika momwe matendawa amayambira. Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kunena kuti ndi anthu angati omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga omwe amakhala. Ngati munthu akufuna kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa masiku ake ndikukhala ndi chaka chimodzi, muyenera kuyang'anira mosamala zinthu zomwe zimabweretsa imfa.

Ndikofunika kumwa pafupipafupi mankhwala omwe dokotala watchulidwa, kumwa mankhwala azitsamba ndi njira zina zochizira. Ngati simutsatira malingaliro a madokotala, tsiku lomaliza la odwala matenda ashuga ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda atha kugwa ndi zaka 40-50. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha kufa msanga ndi kupezeka kwa kulephera kwa impso.

Ndi anthu angati omwe angathe kukhala ndi matendawa ndi chisonyezo cha munthu aliyense. Munthu amatha kudziwa nthawi yovuta ndikusiya kukula kwa matenda, ngati mumayezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi glucometer, komanso kuyesedwa kwamkodzo wa shuga.

Kutalika kwa moyo wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga kumachepetsedwa makamaka chifukwa chosintha mthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa shuga wambiri m'magazi. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti pa 23, dongosolo lokalamba pang'onopang'ono komanso losagonjetseka limayamba. Matendawa amathandizira kukulitsa kwakukulu kwa njira zowonongeka mu maselo ndi kusinthika kwa maselo.
Kusintha kosasintha kwa matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri kumayamba zaka 23-25, pamene zovuta za atherosulinosis zikupita. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha stroke ndi gangore. Zoyipa zoterezi zitha kupewedwa poyang'anira magazi ndi mayendedwe a mkodzo.

Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira boma nthawi zonse, malamulowa ayenera kukumbukiridwa kulikonse komwe munthu amakhala - kunyumba, kuntchito, paphwando, poyenda. Mankhwala, insulin, glucometer ayenera kukhala ndi wodwalayo nthawi zonse.

Ndikofunikira kupewa zochitika zodetsa nkhawa, zokumana nazo m'maganizo momwe ndingathere. Komanso, musakhale ndi mantha, izi zimangokulitsa vutolo, zimaphwanya momwe mukumvera, zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwamanjenje ndi mavuto onse amakulu.

Ngati dotolo adazindikira matendawa, ndikofunikira kuvomereza kuti thupi silingathe kutulutsa insulin mokwanira, ndikuzindikira kuti tsopano moyo udzakhala pa ndandanda ina. Cholinga chachikulu cha munthu pakali pano ndikuphunzira kutsatira boma linalake ndipo nthawi yomweyo ndikupitilizabe kumva ngati munthu wathanzi. Kupatula mwa njira yamalingaliro yotereyi komwe tsogolo la moyo lingakulidwe.

Kuti achedwetse tsiku lomaliza momwe angathere, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira malamulo ena okhwima:

Tsiku lililonse, kuyeza shuga wamagazi ndi glucometer ya electrochemical,
Musaiwale za kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi,
Mukumwa mankhwalawa mankhwala omwe adokotala amupatsa,
Sankhani chakudya mosamala ndikutsatira njira.
Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi ndi thupi lanu
Yesani kupewa zopsinjika ndi zokumana nazo zamavuto,
Khalani okonzeka kupanga bwino zochitika zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku.

Mukatsatira malamulowa, nthawi yomwe moyo udzakhala wolimba imatha kuchuluka, ndipo wodwala matenda ashuga sadzaopa kuti adzafa posachedwa.

Matenda A shuga - Matenda Oopsa

Si chinsinsi kuti shuga yamtundu uliwonse imawerengedwa kuti ndi matenda akupha. Njira ya pathological imakhala ndikuti maselo a kapamba amayimitsa kupanga insulini kapena kupanga insulin yokwanira. Pakadali pano, ndi insulin yomwe imathandizira kuperekera glucose m'maselo kuti azitha kudyetsa komanso kugwira ntchito moyenera.

Matenda akulu akakula, shuga amayamba kudziunjikira m'magazi ambiri, pomwe simalowa m'maselo ndipo sawadyetsa. Zikatero, maselo omwe atha mphamvu amayesa kupeza glucose yemwe akusowa mu minofu yathanzi, chifukwa pomwe pang'onopang'ono thupi limachepa ndikuwonongeka.

Mwa odwala matenda ashuga, mtima, mawonekedwe a ziwonetsero, dongosolo la endocrine limafooka poyambira, ntchito ya chiwindi, impso, ndi mtima zimawipira. Ngati matendawa anyalanyazidwa ndikusachiritsidwa, thupi limakhudzidwa mwachangu komanso kwambiri, ndipo ziwalo zonse zamkati zimakhudzidwa.

Chifukwa cha izi, odwala matenda ashuga samakhala ocheperako kuposa anthu athanzi. Mtundu woyamba 1 ndi mtundu 2 wa matenda ashuga amatsogolera ku zovuta zazikulu zomwe zimachitika ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikuwongoleredwe ndikutsatira mwamphamvu malangizo akuchipatala atasiyidwa. Chifukwa chake, si ambiri odwala matenda ashuga omwe alibe chidwi amakhala ndi moyo zaka 50.

Kuti muwonjezere nthawi yayitali ya anthu odwala matenda a shuga omwe mungadalire insulin, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito insulin. Koma njira yothanirana ndi matendawa ndikuwonetsetsa kupewa matenda ashuga komanso kudya kuyambira pachiyambi. Kupewa kwachiwiri kumakhala pankhondo yolimbana ndi zovuta zomwe zimadza ndi matenda ashuga.

Kutalika kwa moyo ndi matenda a shuga akufotokozedwa mu kanema m'nkhaniyi.

Njira zopewera

Kuti mumvetsetse mochuluka momwe mumakhalira ndi shuga pa insulin, muyenera kufunsa zambiri ndi endocrinologist. Pali madotolo omwe amathandizira pa matenda awa. Anthu athanzi ayeneranso kudziwa njira zopewera matenda ashuga. Onetsetsani kuti mumayesa magazi pafupipafupi.

Osagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri shuga. Ndi m'badwo, kapamba kumakhala kovuta kupirira ndi zovuta zomwe zimayikidwa, chifukwa chake mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umayamba. Yang'anirani kulemera, khalani ndi moyo wakhama.

Ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira zakudya zosamalitsa mpaka pakukhazikika pakuwongolera matenda.

Zakudya zamtundu woyamba wa shuga mwa ana ndi izi:

Makolo sayenera kupatula zakudya zamagulu pang'ono zazakudya zawo zatsiku ndi tsiku. Izi zimaphatikizapo makeke, makeke, ayisikilimu, uchi, timadziti totsekemera, maswiti, chokoleti. Izi ndichifukwa choti zinthuzi zimakhala ndi chisonyezo chachikulu cha glycemic, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yomweyo amawonjezera shuga m'magazi kukhala ndi mfundo zazikulu.