Mtundu woyamba wa shuga > Matenda a shuga kwa ana ndi achinyamata

Nthenda yayikulu monga matenda a shuga 1 amayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, komwe kumachitika chifukwa chosakwanira kwa insulin. Izi matenda zimathandizira osati kuwonongeka kwakukulu mu moyo wa anthu, komanso kungakhale chifukwa chachitukuko chovuta kwambiri komanso matenda osachiritsika.

Kuti muphunzire lembani matenda ashuga 1 ndi chiyani ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe momwe amapezekera. Pancreatic hormone insulin, yomwe imayambitsa kulowa kwa mamolekyulu a shuga m'maselo amoyo, imayang'anira ntchito ya glucose m'thupi. Kuperewera kwa insulin kumawonetsedwa ngati kupangika kwa vuto m'thupi lonse.

Type 1 shuga mellitus ndi matenda obadwa nawo, chifukwa chake kupezeka kwake kumatha kuwonekanso ngakhale mwa ana obadwa kumene omwe ali ndi cholowa chatsopano.

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakhudza thanzi la achinyamata omwe ali ndi zaka 30.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda A shuga 1

Njira yayikulu yopangira matendawa ndi kupatsirana kwa maselo a cell pancreatic cell motsogozedwa ndi zinthu zovuta. Sikuti maselo onse omwe amawonongeka, koma okhawo omwe ali ndi udindo wopanga insulin.

Zofunika! Mosiyana ndi mtundu wa 2 shuga mellitus, mtundu uwu umadziwika ndi kusapezeka kwathunthu kwa insulin.

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matendawa chimawonedwa kuti ndi cholowa. Ngati panali zochitika za matenda a shuga 1 am'banja la munthu, ndiye chifukwa cha zinthu zina, munthuyu atha kupezeka ndi matenda omwewo.

Kuperewera kwa insulin m'thupi la munthu kumapangitsa kuti thupi lizigwiritsa ntchito zovuta. Kubwezeretsanso kwa mphamvu zamagetsi pamenepa kumachitika ndi kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zodetsa mphamvu zizimbidwe mthupi. Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zingalimbikitse kuyambika kwa matenda a shuga 1 ndi:

kupsinjika kwa thupi pafupipafupi,
kukulitsa njira yopatsirana komanso yotupa,
matenda a autoimmune,
kumangokhala
onenepa kwambiri
kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.

Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa chimawonekera kwa anthu omwe amadya kwambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga (confectionery, zakumwa za shuga). Kudya zakudya zamafuta, kusuta fodya komanso kudya mwachangu kumapangitsa kuti kunenepa kwambiri, komanso chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Matenda opatsirana ndi ma virus

Akatswiri azachipatala atsimikizira kuti gawo lofunikira pakukula kwa matendawa limaseweredwa ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi ma virus, omwe amakhala ngati akuwonjezera zinthu. Matenda oterewa amatha kukhala chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a shuga 1:

chikuku
mumps (mumps),
rubella
matenda a chiwindi,
nkhuku.

Ana asukulu zam'mbuyo komanso zaka zaunyamata ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga kachilombo ndi pamwambapa, chifukwa chake, munthawi imeneyi ndi pomwe matenda a shuga amadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana.

Kulumikizana pakati pa kachilombo ka viral ndi matenda amtunduwu amafotokozedwa chifukwa ma virus omwe amalowa mthupi amakhala ndi vuto pama cell a beta a gastric gland, omwe amachititsa kuti insulini ipangidwe.

Ngozi yayikulu kwambiri kwa anthu ndi kachilombo ka chiberekero cha rubella, momwe mumakhala kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa minofu ya pancreatic. Izi sizingasinthe. Kachilomboka katalowa m'magazi, mphamvu ya chitetezo cha mthupi imachitika, chifukwa chomwe si ma virus okha, komanso ma cell a thupi amatha kufa.

Kupsinjika

Mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zovuta kupsinjika m'thupi la munthu, kupanga zochulukitsitsa kwama mahomoni angapo kumachitika. Zotsatira za njirayi ndikutha mphamvu zachilengedwe zachilengedwe, kuti zithetsanso zomwe munthu amafunikira shuga. Kuyesera kulipirira kusowa kwa glucose, munthu amayamba kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri. Poyankha kudya kwambiri kwa shuga m'thupi, kapamba imapangitsanso insulin. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa vuto la glucose kumapangidwa, ndipo chifukwa chake, matenda a shuga.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga 1

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matendawa ndi:

kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi (mpaka makilogalamu 10-15),
kumva ludzu lakuya, komwe munthu amamwa mpaka malita 10 amadzimadzi patsiku,
kuchuluka kwa kufooka ndi kufooka,
kukodza pafupipafupi, pomwe mkodzo wa tsiku ndi tsiku umafikira 3 malita.

Chizindikiro cha matenda amtundu wa 1 mawonekedwe a fungo la ammonia. Ndi chitukuko cha matenda a shuga, kuwonongeka kwakukulu m'mitsempha ya impso ndi maso kumawonedwa. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala anthu omwe amadwala matendawa chifukwa chodandaula chifukwa cha kutayika kwa khungu, mpaka khungu. Ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya za impso, kulephera kwa impso kumakhazikitsidwa.

Kusokonezeka kosalekeza komwe kumadutsa m'munsi kumatha kuchitika kwa necrosis ya minofu yofewa kwa munthu ndikuduladula miyendoyo palokha.

Komanso, matendawa amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu m'magazi a cholesterol yamagazi, zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo chachikulu cha kusintha kwa atherosulinotic ku matenda a shuga.

Matenda oopsa otere amatha kuwonekera kwa abambo omwe ali ndi vuto la kugona. Zina, zodziwika zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 1 ndi monga:

Kuchepetsa machiritso,
kudziwa kuyabwa kwa maliseche akunja,
kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi ya matenda
kukokana m'matumbo am'munsi (makamaka mwana wa ng'ombe).

Njira zodziwira matendawa

Dongosolo lonse loyesa matendawa ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

kuyezetsa magazi kwa mulingo wa mahomoni ndi shuga,
kudziwa mtundu wa matenda ashuga
kupanga njira zowonjezera zodziwikiratu kupatula matenda ofanana ndi zizindikiro.

Mitundu yotsatirayi yoyesera imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zovuta zosiyanasiyana za kagayidwe kazakudya:

kudziwa kuchuluka kwa ma ketoni mkodzo,
kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi
Kutsimikiza kwa ndende ya glycosylated hemoglobin m'magazi,
miyeso ya fructosamine,
kutsimikiza kwa shuga kulolerana.

Kuphatikiza pa mayeso omwe ali pamwambawa, wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi vuto la matenda a shuga 1 amapitilira maphunziro angapo, omwe ndi awa:

kuyesa magwiridwe antchito,
Maphunziro ambiri omwe amayang'ana ntchito za mtima ndi kudziwa kuopsa kwa kusintha kwa ma atherosulinotic,
kuwunika kwa mapuloteni kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga

Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwalawa matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi insulin. Mitundu yotsatirayi ya insulin imasiyanitsidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa kufalikira kwa thupi komanso kutalika kwa zochita:

Mankhwala ochepera. Kufalikira kwa zinthu m'thupi kumachitika mwachangu, koma zotsatira zake sizikhala kwanthawi yayitali. Mwachitsanzo, titha kumwa mankhwala a Actrapid, omwe amachitika pambuyo pa mphindi 15 atakhazikitsa. Kutsitsa kwa shuga kwa zinthu zotere kumatenga maola osapitilira 4.
Malangizo a nthawi yayitali. Kuphatikizika kwa mankhwalawa kumaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe zimachepetsa kuyambika kwa vutoli. Kutalika kwa kutsitsa kwa shuga ndikuchokera ku maola 7 mpaka 10.
Mankhwala okhalitsa. Pambuyo pobweretsa ndalama zotere, zotsatira zake zidzadziwika pokhapokha maola 12-14. Kutalika kwa zotsatira za hypoglycemic ndi zoposa maola 30.

Mtundu wa mankhwala ofunikira komanso kuchuluka kwa makonzedwe ndi munthu aliyense payekhapayekha yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1. Malangizo onse okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a insulin komanso pafupipafupi amatchulidwa ndi adotolo, ndipo zimangoyambitsa matenda. Kudziyang'anira nokha kwa insulin sikuletsedwa, ndipo kungayambitse zotsatira zoyipa zaumoyo.

Njira zamakono zochizira matenda amshuga amtundu wa 1 ndimomwe amapangira insulin. Mfundo zoyendetsera chipangizochi ndikuwunikira nthawi yomweyo kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikusintha makonzedwe a insulin (ngati pakufunika kutero).

Mavuto a matendawa

Kukula kwa matenda a shuga 1 amthupi kungayambitse zovuta izi:

Myocardial infarction, angina pectoris ndi arrhythmia. Kusintha kwathanzi kumatha kuwoneka mu minofu ya mtima, ziwiya zazikulu komanso zazing'ono.
Kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya impso (nephropathy). Vutoli ndi loopsa kwambiri ndipo lingayambitse imfa.
Kusintha kwa mandala amaso. Kusintha kosasintha kwa retina kumatha kuyambitsa khungu lakhungu kapena lathunthu.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zakudya

Anthu omwe akudwala matendawa ayenera kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo apadera okhudzana ndi kadyedwe kake. Malangizo ofunikira kwambiri ndi awa:

Tsiku lililonse ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti palibe mipata yazakudya,
Ndikwabwino kudya pang'ono, kangapo patsiku, komanso nthawi imodzi,
Zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zisakhale ndi zoletsa,
M'malo mwa shuga, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera (xylitol, sorbitol),
Yang'anani magazi anu pafupipafupi
Kuchuluka kwa zakumwa zakumwa siziyenera kupitirira 1500 ml patsiku.

Kwa matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, zakudya zotsatirazi zingathe kudyedwa:

Mphesa (zomangira, oat, barele, balere, tirigu),
Batala ndi mafuta a masamba,
Nyama ndi nsomba,
Confectionery kutengera zotsekemera,
Zinthu zamkaka zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa,
Tchizi chamafuta ochepa
Tiyi yobiriwira ndi yakuda
Mabulosi ofinya kumene komanso timadziti ta zipatso,
Zipatso ndi zipatso za mabulosi, mabisiketi ndi zakumwa za zipatso,
Masamba atsopano ndi owiritsa,
Nthambi ya mkate.

Mndandanda wazakudya zoletsedwa za matenda amtundu 1 zitha kuphatikizaponso:

Masamba okhala ndi chakudya chochulukirapo (beets, nandolo zobiriwira, mbatata, zamzitini ndi masamba oswidwa, nyemba, kaloti),
Zakudya zilizonse zokhala ndi shuga (chokoleti, uchi, ayisikilimu, makeke),
Zakumwa Zabwino za kaboni,
Katundu wophika ufa wapamwamba kwambiri,
Zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri,
Mitundu ina ya zipatso ndi zipatso (mango, nthochi, mphesa, madeti).

Zakudya zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchepetsedwa:

Mchere wamba
Mpunga Woyera
Zaamphaka nsomba
Muesli
Maponda
Ma marinade ndi misuzi yama mafakitale,
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndi zakumwa zina.

Poganizira za thanzi la anthu omwe akudwala matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba, kusankha zakudya zoyenera kumachitika ndi adokotala kapena zakudya. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe zakudya zodziyimira pawokha, chifukwa kulakwitsa kulikonse pakudya kungapangitse matenda kufalikira.

Mbiri yazachipatala

Agiriki akale amadziwa za matenda ashuga, koma amakhulupirira kuti matendawa amakhudzana ndimatenda a "madzi osagonjetseka" pamaziko amodzi mwa zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matendawa - ludzu losatha komanso kutuluka kwamkodzo kwamatumbo kwambiri. Popita nthawi, lingaliro la matendawa linasintha - m'zaka za m'ma 17-18, limalumikizidwa kale mnjira, tsopano ndi glucose incontinence, kenako ndi "mkodzo wokoma".

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20 lino, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga zidavumbulutsidwa - woyambitsa chiyambi cha mavutowo anali Edward Albert Sharpei-Schaefer, yemwe adatsimikiza kuti matendawa amatengera kusowa kwa zinthu zomwe sizinadziwike zomwe amabisala a Langerhans mu kapamba, ndipo adatsimikizira mwanzeru malingaliro ake a Frederick Bunting, yemwe adalandira mahormoni odziwika ndikuwayika.

Kukula mwachangu kwa insulini kunayamba mu 1920s, ngakhale njira ndi kusiyana pakati pa mitundu ya matenda ashuga kunayesedwa patatha zaka makumi awiri pambuyo pake - "madzi" omaliza adakhazikitsidwa ndi Harold Percival Himsworth, ndikupanga kufanana kwa mtundu wathunthu wa insulin ndikusowa kwa mtundu wa II wa insulin .

Ngakhale kuti mtundu 1 wa shuga wotchedwa mellitus, monga matenda otchedwa autoimmune, wakhala akudziwika ngati mankhwala achilengedwe kwa zaka pafupifupi 100, asayansi sanapezebe chomwe chikuyambitsa. Kafukufuku waposachedwa m'derali akuwonetsa kuti nthawi zambiri, chothandizira pa njirayi ndi mapuloteni a maselo amanjenje, omwe amalowa mu chotchinga cha magazi ndi kugwidwa ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Popeza ma cell a beta a pancreatic ali ndi zilembo zofananira, zimakhudzanso chimodzimodzi ndi ma antibodies opangidwa ndi thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa chitetezo cha mthupi kuwononga insulin yopangidwa.

Ma virus omwe akukhudza maselo a pancreatic atha kupanga gawo linalake pakayambitsa matendawa - kwazaka zoposa makumi awiri, akatswiri awona kuwonjezeka kwa chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga amtundu 1 kwa odwala omwe ali ndi ma rubella a rubella ndi Coxsackie, mpaka pano palibe lingaliro limodzi logwirizana.

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala ndi zinthu zina, monga streptozicin kapena mitundu ina ya poizoni wa makoswe, zimatha kuwononga maselo a beta motero zimapangitsa kusowa kwa insulin.

Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amatha kupatsiridwa ndi cholowa - mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga mwa mwana ukuwonjezeka ndi 5-10 peresenti ngati m'modzi mwa makolo awo akutsimikizira kuti adziwitsidwa kale.

Zizindikiro ndi matenda amtundu 1 shuga

Kuperewera kwa insulin mwa maselo a endocrine kungayambitse zizindikiro za mtundu 1 wa shuga:

Pakamwa pakamwa ndi ludzu lalikulu.
Kukoka pafupipafupi, makamaka nthawi yamadzulo ndi m'mawa.
Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri.
Kuchulukirachulukira, kukhumudwa pafupipafupi, kusinthasintha kwa zochitika, kusinthasintha.
Kufooka kwathupi kwamthupi, limodzi ndi njala komanso kuwonda.
Omwe akuyimira chiwerewere amakhala ndi matenda opatsirana mwa ukazi, omwe ndi ovuta kuchiza.
Mavuto amawonongeka.

Popanda chithandizo choyenera, wodwala angasonyeze zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a ketoacidosis:

Kusanza kwambiri komanso kusanza.
Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi
Fungo lodziwikiratu la acetone kuchokera pamlomo wamkamwa.
Kulemera kwa kupuma.
Chisokonezo ndi kutayika kwakanthaŵi.

Kuthamanga mayeso a shuga

Kuchita lendi m'mawa, maola 12 asanafike mayeso, muyenera kukana kudya, kumwa mowa ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyesa kupewa kupsinjika, kumwa mankhwala achilendo, komanso kuchita zithandizo zamankhwala. Kudalirika kwa malembawa kumachepetsedwa kwambiri mwa odwala atachitidwa opaleshoni, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la m'mimba, matenda amitsempha, chiwindi, komanso azimayi omwe ali ndi vuto komanso kugonana koyenera panthawi yakusamba kapena pamaso pa njira yotupa yamatenda osiyanasiyana. Ndi zizindikiro pamwambapa 5.5 mmol / l, adokotala amatha kudziwa zam'malire a prediabetes.Ndi magawo pamwamba 7mmol / L ndikutsatira mayezo, de facto adatsimikizira matenda ashuga. Werengani zambiri za kuyesa kwa magazi.

Yesani mayeso

Ndiwowonjezera pa kuyesedwa kwamagazi koyesa - atatha, wodwalayo amapatsidwa magalamu 75 a shuga pakamwa. Ma sampuli am'magazi a shuga amatengedwa mphindi 30 zilizonse kwa maola awiri. Kupezeka kwa peas glucose komwe kumapezeka m'magazi ndikutuluka kwa mayeso. Ngati ili mumtunda wa 7.8-11 mmol / l, ndiye kuti dokotala amawona kuphwanya kwa shuga. Ndi zizindikiro zoposa 11 mmol / l - kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga.

Glycated hemoglobin mayeso

Njira yolondola kwambiri komanso yodalirika ya labotale yothetsera matenda a shuga masiku ano. Zofooka zimatengera zinthu zakunja (zotsatira zake sizikhudzidwa ndi kudya, nthawi ya tsiku, zochita zolimbitsa thupi, mankhwala, matenda, komanso mkhalidwe), zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yomwe imazungulira mu madzi am'magazi omwe amamangika ku glucose. Chizindikiro pamwambapa 6.5 peresenti ndi umboni wa matenda a shuga. Zotsatira zamitundu 5.7-6.5 peresenti ndi boma lakale komanso lopanda shuga.

Mwa zina, podziwonetsetsa bwino, katswiri amayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti wodwalayo ali ndi zizindikiro zakunja za matenda ashuga (makamaka, polydipsia ndi polyuria), kupatula matenda ena ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a hyperglycemia, komanso kufotokozeranso mtundu wa nosological wa matenda ashuga.

Pambuyo pochita zonse zomwe tanena pamwambapa ndi kunena za kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga mwa wodwala, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira mtundu wa matenda. Chochitika ichi chimachitika poyesa kuchuluka kwa C-peptides m'magazi am'magazi - biomarker iyi imakhala yotulutsa ntchito ya maselo a pancreatic beta ndipo, pamtengo wotsika, imawonetsa mtundu umodzi wa matenda ashuga, momwemonso chikhalidwe chake cha autoimmune.

Zakudya ndi moyo wathanzi.

Dokotalayo amapereka mankhwala ochepetsa kwambiri a carb omwe amawerengera "magawo a mkate" omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito - zomwe zimagwirizana ndi 10-13 magalamu a chakudya. Muyenera kupewa zakudya zomwe zimadzaza ndi chakudya, komanso kudya pang'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kusiya kusuta, kukana kumwa mowa pafupipafupi, komanso kutsatira malangizo a madokotala pazomwe munthu amachita, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi (aerobic (kuthamanga, kusambira) ndi anaerobic (masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi a Cardio).

Mankhwala a insulin

Njira yayikulu yolipira matenda a carbohydrate kagayidwe kachakudya ka nthawi zonse pamlingo wosankhidwa wa insulin pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. M'mayiko a pambuyo pa Soviet, kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringes ndi ma cell a insulin ambiri, pomwe mayiko aku Western njira yolumikizira pampu yodziwira yokha yomwe imapereka kuchuluka kwa insulin ndikudziwika bwino. Chinsinsi cha njira ndi kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa milingo ya insulin yoyendetsedwa pokhudzana ndi miyezo yokhazikika yathanzi kwa munthu wathanzi. Mwa izi, mitundu yonse iwiri ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo (yochepa komanso yotalikilapo) ndi mono-analog amagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi luso lokhazikika. Mlingo weniweni komanso pafupipafupi kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wa insulin kutengera chakudya chomwe mumadya, endocrinologist wanu angadziwitse. Musaiwale - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mopitirira muyeso kumadzaza ndi hypoglycemia komanso mavuto angapo okhudzana nawo!

Njira zoyesera

Zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, dziko lasayansi lakhala likuyang'ana mwachangu njira zothanirana ndi matenda ashuga amtundu 1, omwe atha kukhala njira ina m'malo obwezera zomwe zimachitika pakubwezeretsa kwa carbohydrate metabolism, komabe, ngakhale panali zotsatira zolimbikitsa za maphunziro angapo, padalibe vuto lalikulu pankhaniyi. Madera olimbikitsa kwambiri ndi katemera wa DNA yemwe amabwezeretsanso pang'ono ntchito za maselo a beta, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito maselo amtunduwu ndikusintha kwawo kukhala mayendedwe okhwima chifukwa cha magawo a pancreatic a Langerhans. Pakadali pano njira izi ndi zina zili pamlingo woyeserera koyambirira ndipo zitha kuperekedwa kwa anthu pazaka zisanu zotsatirazi 5-8.

Concomitant Disease Control

Pakakhala matenda ophatikizika, dokotala amatha kukupatsani mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsira ntchito matenda a ACE inhibitors (matenda oopsa), aspirin (kupewa matenda a mtima), ma statins (cholesterol yotsika), creon, festal, aprotinin (onse - kulimbana ndi zowonongeka kwa pancreatic), mankhwala a hemodialysis mavuto) ndi zina zofunika kuzisamalira, kulimbitsa, kuchitira opareshoni ndi zochita zolimbitsa thupi.

Njira zina zochizira matenda amitundu 1

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga ndi matenda oopsa a autoimmune omwe munthu amayenera kukhalapo moyo wake wonse. Mankhwala achikhalidwe amalemba maphikidwe mazana ambiri omwe amathandizira kuti athane ndi matendawa, komabe, monga momwe zamakono zamankhwala zimasonyezera, onse amangovulaza chithandizo chovuta, kusintha mwadongosolo magawo a kagayidwe kazakudya ndikuwapangitsa kukhala osayembekezereka.

Ngati mukusamalira thanzi lanu, tengani jakisoni wa insulin nthawi zonse, kutsatira zakudya zofunika ndikuchita zina zofunika kuti mukhale ndi moyo wapamwamba, ndiye kuti tikukulimbikitsani kuti musagwiritse ntchito njira zamankhwala azikhalidwe zanu

Mtundu wa 1 shuga wodwala

Zakudya za matenda a shuga 1 ndi njira yofunikira komanso yayikulu yothanirana ndi matenda ofatsa kwambiri, omwe sangachepetse mlingo wothandizidwa ndi insulin nthawi zonse (omwe amachepetsa zotsatira za njirayi), koma nthawi zina amakulolani kusiya mankhwala a insulin nthawi yayitali .

Tikupangira chakudya chochepa-carb kupatula mkate, mbatata, chimanga, maswiti ndi zipatso zomwe zili ndi zinthuzi. Cholinga chake ndikugwirizanitsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe amadyedwa ndi Mlingo wambiri wa insulin. Konzani zakudyazo pasadakhale, yesani kusinthanitsa chakudyacho. Pewani zokhwasula, gawani chakudya chanu m'magawo anayi, ndipo onetsetsani kuti mumadya mapuloteni ndi chakudya chilichonse!

Chotsani shuga, maswiti (kuphatikiza omwe amatchedwa "matenda ashuga"), zinthu monga chimanga (chimanga, chimanga, tirigu, mpunga woyera, ndi zina), mbatata, zopangidwa ndi ufa, mkate (kuphatikizapo "chakudya chamagulu" kuchokera pachakudya) "), Muesli. Chepetsani kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso (kupatula avocados) ndi misuzi yazipatso, maungu, tsabola wokoma, phwetekere mutatha kutentha, beets, nyemba, zakudya zosavuta, zokhwasula-khwasula, mkaka wokhala ndi mafuta, yogati, mkaka wonse.

Zakudya zomwe zimaloledwa kudya zakudya zamafuta ochepa zimakhala ndi nyama (kuphatikizapo yofiira, nkhuku), nsomba, mazira, masamba obiriwira (kabichi, zukini, nkhaka, bowa, zitsamba, tsabola wotentha, sipinachi, phwetekere zosaphika), nsomba zam'madzi, mtedza (zochuluka) ), soya, komanso zinthu zina zamkaka, makamaka tchizi cholimba (kupatula feta), batala wachilengedwe ndi zonona.

Zosintha zamasabata sabata

Pansipa, tikupatsani mndandanda wazidziwitso sabata imodzi. Zogulitsa zamwini mmalo mwake zitha kusinthidwa, poganizira kuchuluka kwa "mkate", zopatsa mphamvu, kuchuluka kwa chakudya mu mankhwala ndi "malingaliro" a analogue osankhidwa.

Lolemba. Tili ndi chakudya cham'mawa ndi tchizi tchizi, mafuta otsika ndi nkhaka. Timadya nkhomaliro ndi nsomba zopatsidwa (magalamu 250) ndi nyemba zochepa. Khalani ndi avocado yamadzulo, idyani chakudya chamadzulo ndi mpunga wakuda ndi masamba osaloledwa.
Lachiwiri. Tidzadya chakudya cham'mawa ndi nkhuku yophika komanso mafuta omata ochokera ku mazira awiri. Timadya nkhomaliro ndi msuzi wa bowa ndi supuni ya kirimu wowawasa. Khalani ndi kapu yamasana a kefir, ndipo idyani chakudya cham'mawa chophika ndi saladi yamasamba.
Lachitatu. Chakudya cham'mawa ndi masamba ophika, owazidwa tchizi cholimba. Timadya nkhomaliro ndi msuzi wamasamba wophika pamsuzi watsopano wa nkhuku. Khalani ndi chakudya chamasana ndi apulo imodzi yaying'ono yobiriwira, ndipo idyani chakudya cham'mawere chophika ndi saladi wa kabichi watsopano.
Lachinayi. Timadya m'mawa ndi oatmeal ndi zipatso zouma. Tili ndi nyama yamchere yamchere. Khalani ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi masana ndi magalamu 40 amondi. Tadya chakudya chamadzulo komanso kabichi wamtengo wapatali.
Lachisanu. Chakudya cham'mawa, timaphika mazira awiri owiritsa ndi magalamu 50 a tchizi ololedwa. Pa nkhomaliro, timadya ng'ombe, yophika tchizi, komanso saladi yamasamba. Khalani ndi tiyi wopanda mafuta, ndipo idyani chakudya chamasamba.
Loweruka. Timadya chakudya cham'mawa chomwe chimakhala ndi mazira atatu ndi tiyi. Chakudya chamadzulo ndi msuzi wa nandolo wokhala ndi Turkey ndi saladi wa kabichi. Khalani ndi chakudya chamadzulo ndi peyala imodzi yaying'ono, ndipo idyani chakudya chamadzulo ndi nsomba yophika.
Lamlungu. Chakudya cham'mawa chokhala ndi mazira ndi tchizi. Timadya nkhomaliro ndi nsomba zophika ndi masamba. Khalani ndi mapeyala angapo masanawa. Chakudya chamadzulo champhika.