Cholesterol 4 8

Kudziwika kwa cholesterol yamagazi ndikofunikira kudziwa chiopsezo chotengera atherosulinosis, matenda a mtima. Kusanthula kumeneku kumalimbikitsidwa kuti kumachitika nthawi zonse kwa anthu onse kuti azindikire zovuta za lipid metabolism. Ganizirani za momwe cholesterol ili 9,0-9.9: zikutanthauza chiyani?

Kuopsa kwa malo atherosselotic

Popanda cholesterol, moyo wazamoyo zambiri ndizosatheka. Sterol ndiyofunikira kuti anthu apange ma membrane am' cell, apange vitamini D, mahomoni ogonana, glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids. Ambiri mwa cholesterol amapangidwa ndi chiwindi, ena onse omwe timapeza ndi chakudya.

Komabe, cholesterol yowonjezera ndiyowopsa. Mitsempha yamagazi ikawonongeka, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito milomo yokhala ndi ma lipoprotein ngati chigamba. Pokhala ndi cholesterol yambiri, imayamba kudzikundikira pamayikidwe oyambira, limodzi ndi maselo amwazi, zotsekemera. Izi zimapanga zolembera.

Ngakhale madipoziti ndi ochepa, samasokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi. Koma ikudza nthawi yomwe malembedwe amkati mwa chithokomiro amafikira m'mimba mwake. Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chotengera kumachepetsa mphamvu yake m'magazi. Zingwe zomwe zimadya m'mitsempha iyi zimasiya kulandira okosijeni wokwanira, michere. Ischemia akufalikira.

Vutoli limafika poipa ngati chilingaliracho chitsekerezeratu chotchokeracho, kapena kuchichotsa kapena kufikira chokhacho. Mitsempha yotereyi sidzaphatikizidwa kwathunthu ndi magazi. Ngati minofu ilinso ndi mphamvu zopanda magetsi, zimatha kulipirira kuchepa kwa mpweya. Komabe, khungu lililonse la minofu yamtima limadya chotengera chimodzi. Kutsika kwamitsempha m'mitsempha kumayambitsa kufa kwa gawo lina la mtima - infaration ya mtima.

Ubongo sudalira kwambiri pa thanzi la mtsempha umodzi. Koma thupi limadya mphamvu zambiri. Chifukwa chake, kusowa kwa magazi kumakhudza kwambiri thanzi la munthu. Vuto lalikulu kwambiri la matenda a chithokomiro chotupa ndi sitiroko.

Vuto lotetezereka la atherosulinosis ndilosakwanira magazi m'miyendo. Sichiwathera pangozi, koma zimakhudza kwambiri moyo wamunthu. Matenda ovuta amaphatikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe a zilonda zam'mimba, zowawa poyenda. The terminal gawo lochotsa matenda am'miyendo - miyendo yamapazi.

Chifukwa chiyani cholesterol ikukwera

Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa cholesterol nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo. Kusiyana ndi matenda obadwa nawo: heterozygous, homozygous achibale hypercholesterolemia. Izi pathologies zimatsatiridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa sterol, mosasamala kanthu za moyo kapena zakudya za wodwala.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypercholesterolemia:

• kusuta
• Chakudya chomwe chimakhala ndi cholesterol yochulukirapo, mafuta okwanira, komanso osakwanira pa fiber
• kumangokhala
• kunenepa kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri,
• uchidakwa
• matenda a chiwindi
• blockage wa biliary thirakiti
• chithokomiro
• matenda ashuga
• gout.

Kuchotsera kwa kusanthula

Mlingo wa cholesterol siwofanana kwa amuna, akazi amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana. Mutha kudziwa chizindikiro chanu pogwiritsa ntchito tebulo

Gome. Mlingo wa cholesterol kwa akazi, amuna, kutengera zaka.

Cholesterol imatha kukula mpaka 9 mmol / l, yokhayo kumapeto kwa mimba. Muzochitika zina zonse, mfundo ngati izi zimadziwika ngati matenda kapena chiopsezo chokhala ndi mtima.

Ganizirani chitsanzo cha kusanthula. Tiyerekeze kuti ndinu bambo wazaka 40 wokhala ndi cholesterol ya 9.6 mmol / L. Mulingo wofanana ndi m'badwo uno, jenda, ndi 3.78-6.99 mmol / l. Zotsatira zake zimawonjezera malire apamwamba ndi 37%. Izi ndi zochulukirapo pazomwe zikuchitika, zomwe zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa zinthu zingapo zoopsa kapena matenda obadwa nawo.

Zochizira

Ngati muli ndi cholesterol 9, choyamba muyenera kupenda mbiri yachipatala. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zingayambitse chiwonjezerochi. Nthawi zambiri, dokotala amayamba kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala, amapempha wodwalayo kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa.

• Chakudya chomwe chimaletsa kukhathamiritsa mafuta okwanira ndikuletsa zolepheretsa kulowa mthupi. Yoyamba imakhala ndi mafuta azakudya zochokera ku nyama, kuphatikizapo mkaka, kokonati, mafuta a mgwalangwa, mazira a mazira. Mafuta a Trans amapangidwira nthawi yamafuta azakudya masamba a masamba. Zambiri pazomwe zili mkati mwawo zitha kupezeka mwa kuwunika mitundu ya zinthu. Zakudya zanu zizikhala ndi mafuta okwanira, ma omega-3 acids. Samalani zamasamba, zipatso, nsomba zamafuta, walnuts, amondi, mbewu za fulakesi.
• Kukana ndudu. Utsi wa fodya uli ndi zinthu zomwe zimawononga khoma la chotengera, umachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi, lipoproteins yotsika, kutsitsa kupsinjika kwa lipoproteins yapamwamba,
• Kuchepetsa thupi. Kuchotsa 5-10% ya kulemera kumakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa sterol. Inde, ndikofunikira kuti mukwaniritse kulemera koyenera komwe kumagwirizana ndi thupi lanu, kutalika,
• Zochita zolimbitsa thupi. Kafukufukuyu watsimikizira mobwerezabwereza kuti ngakhale masewera olimbitsa thupi olimbitsa thupi monga kuyenda, kukonza dimba, ntchito yolima dimba limathandizira thupi kuchepa cholesterol. Komabe, masewera olimbitsa thupi amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa zochitika zapamwamba kwambiri: kuthamanga, kuyendetsa njinga, kusambira, kuyenda, kuvina, mpira, basketball,
• Mowa wambiri. Kuledzera pafupipafupi kumabweretsa kutsika kwa chiwindi, kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi, ndi kuipiraipira kwamitsempha yamagazi. Anthu omwe ali ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi cholesterol pamwamba pa 9.6-9.7 mmol / L.

Kuti muchepetse cholesterol bwino, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi chithandizo cha matenda osachiritsika omwe amathandizira kukulitsa kwa atherosulinosis. Mtundu wa mankhwalawa umatengera matenda:

• Matenda a shuga, hypothyroidism amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mahomoni kapena kukana kwa maselo ku ndende zawo zabwinobwino. Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndikupereka thupi ndi zinthu zosakwanira,
• Hypertension (kuthamanga kwa magazi) kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi mapiritsi omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Amasankhidwa payekhapayekha, kupatsirana kunyalanyaza matendawa, makamaka matendawa.
• Matenda a chiwindi, bile ducts. Amafuna chithandizo chovuta. Ndondomeko ya mankhwalawa imaphatikizapo maantibayotiki, antispasmodics, hepatoprotectors, mankhwala a choleretic. Kutsekeka kwa chimbudzi nthawi zina kumafuna kuchitapo kanthu.

Cholesterol 9.2-9.3 mmol / l ndiwowonjezereka imawonetsedwa ngati chisonyezo chogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa lipid. Mankhwala othandiza kwambiri ndi ma statins. Amalepheretsa mapangidwe a hepatic a cholesterol. Nthawi zambiri, odwala zotchulidwa atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, ochepera simvastatin. Panthawi ya statin tsankho kapena kuti muwonjezere zochizira, lipid-kuchepetsa mankhwala ena atha kupatsidwa kwa odwala: fibrate, cholesterol mayamwidwe zoletsa, bile acid sequestrants, omega-3 fat acids.

Zinthu zomwe zidakonzedwa ndi olemba polojekitiyi
malingana ndi ndondomeko yakusinthaku.

Cholesterol 4: chochita ngati cholesterol mulingo wochokera pa 4.1 mpaka 4.9?

• Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwakanthawi
• Imabwezeretsa kapangidwe ka insulin

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Aliyense amene wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga amadziwa kuti cholesterol yapamwamba ndi chizindikiro choipa. Kuchuluka kwa lipids m'magazi kumabweretsa kukula kwa matenda a mtima, atherosclerosis, kugunda kwa mtima ndi sitiroko.

Pakalipano, pali chinthu chotere monga cholesterol chabwino komanso choyipa. Poyambirira, zinthuzo zimapanga maselo, kuyambitsa zochitika za mahomoni ogonana ndipo sizikhazikika pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi.

Zinthu zovulaza zimadziunjikira m'mitsempha, zimapanga kuchulukana komanso mapepala. Pofuna kupewa zovuta, ndikofunikira kuyezetsa magazi pafupipafupi, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kudya moyenera.

Mafuta a cholesterol m'mwazi

Mwa anthu osiyana zaka komanso msinkhu, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumatha kukhala kosiyana. Kuti mudziwe izi, kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi a biochemical kumachitika. Kuti mupeze zambiri zodalirika, musanadutse phunziroli, muyenera kutsatira zakudya zamafuta, musasute ndikuyamba kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Atsikana ali ndi zaka makumi awiri, chizolowezi cha cholesterol ndi 3.1-5.17 mmol / L, pofika zaka makumi anayi mlingowo ungafikire 3,9-6.9 mmol / L. Mwa azimayi azaka 50, cholesterol 4.1, 4.2-7.3 imawonedwa, ndipo patatha zaka khumi chizolowezicho chimawonjezeka kufika pa 4.37, 4.38, 4.39-7.7. Pa 70, chizindikirocho sichikuyenera kupitilira 4.5, 4.7, 4.8-7.72. Chifukwa chake, zaka khumi zilizonse, mphamvu ya mkazi yachilengedwe imamangidwanso.

Mwa amuna azaka makumi awiri, kuphatikizika kwa lipids ndi 2.93-5.1 mmol / l, patatha zaka khumi ndikufika ku 3.44-6.31. Pa makumi anai, mulingo wake ndi 3.78-7.0, ndipo makumi asanu, kuyambira 4.04 mpaka 7.15. Mukalamba, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumatsikira ku 4.0-7.0 mmol / L.

Mthupi la mwana, kuchuluka kwa lipids nthawi yomweyo pakubadwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofanana ndi 3 mmol / l, pambuyo pake msambowo si wopitilira 2.4-5.2. Mpaka zaka 19, chizolowezi mwa mwana ndi wachinyamata chimawerengedwa kuti ndi 4,4,4,4,4, 4.4- 44.6.

Mwana akamakula, amafunika kudya moyenerera osati kudya zakudya zovulaza.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ya munthu kumasintha motani?

Mthupi lililonse, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa LDL ndi HDL kumasintha m'moyo wonse. Mwa azimayi musanathe, mafuta a cholesterol nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika kuposa amuna.

Kumayambiriro kwa moyo, kagayidwe kogwira ntchito kamachitika, chifukwa zomwe zinthu zovulaza sizikumana m'magazi, chifukwa chake, zonse zidziwitso zimakhala zabwinobwino. Pambuyo pa zaka 30, pakuchepa kwa njira zonse za metabolic, thupi limachepetsa kudya zamafuta ndi michere.

Ngati munthu akupitilizabe kudya ngati kale, kudya zakudya zamafuta, komanso nthawi yomweyo kumakhala moyo wokhazikika, masamba a cholesterol amatha kupanga m'mitsempha yamagazi. Zolemba ngati izi zimasokoneza mtima komanso zimayambitsa matenda oopsa.

1. Pambuyo pa zaka 45, azimayi amakumana ndi kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa estrogen, komwe kumalepheretsa kuwonjezereka kwadzidzidzi kwa cholesterol. Zotsatira zake, zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zoyipa m'magazi zimachulukirachulukira mukakalamba. Chifukwa chake, pa 70, chithunzi cha 7.8 mmol / lita sichimadziwika kuti ndikupatuka kwakukulu.
2. Mu thupi laimuna, pamakhala kuchepa pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ogonana, motero kapangidwe ka magazi sikusintha mwachangu. Koma abambo ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a atherosulinosis, mogwirizana ndi izi ndikofunikira kuwunika zaumoyo wawo ndikuphunzira pafupipafupi ndi dokotala.

Zizindikiro zake zimatha kusintha pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, kupanikizika kosatha, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kumwa mowa kwambiri ndi kusuta, kudya mopatsa thanzi, komanso kunenepa kwambiri. Kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso matenda a mtima kumathandizanso kukhudzana ndi lipid.

Kuchuluka kwambiri kwa cholesterol kumakhala koopsa chifukwa kumayambitsa matenda a mtima, mtima, kupindika, matenda am'mimba, matenda amtima, aimpso komanso kuchepa kwa chiwindi, matenda a Alzheimer's.

Mwa amuna, zogonana zimachepa kwambiri, ndipo mwa amayi amenorrhea amakula.

Momwe mungachotsere cholesterol yayikulu

Ngati kuyezetsa magazi kwawonetsa zotsatira zabwino, choyamba muyenera kutsimikizira kulondola kwa zizindikirozo. Kwa izi, kuyesedwanso kumachitika motsatira malamulo onse. Manambala omwe amapezeka akuyenera kudziwa madokotala omwe akupezekawo, poganizira momwe thupi limakhalira komanso wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda.

Kuti muchepetse cholesterol, muyenera kutsatira zakudya zapadera zanthawi yayitali. Kuti muchite izi, muchepetse kudya mafuta a nyama muzakudya. Kuchokera pamenyu, batala, mayonesi, mafuta wowawasa wowawasa samasiyidwa momwe angathere. M'malo mwake, amadya nkhuku, nsomba, mbewu monga chimanga ndi tchizi, tchizi wopangira kunyumba, mafuta a masamba, masamba, zipatso ndi zitsamba.

Zikachitika kuti kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumadzuka panthawi yoyembekezera, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ndikusankha zakudya zoyenera kwambiri. Ndikofunika kumwa mankhwalawa azimayi omwe ali ndi udindo, kuti musavulaze mwana wosabadwayo.

• Ma lipids ovulaza amatsukidwa bwino ndi zipatso zatsopano ndi masamba a masamba. Komanso gwiritsani ntchito kukonzekera kwazitsamba, zakumwa za mabulosi, tiyi wobiriwira.
• Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zina zolimbitsa thupi zimafunika kuti muchepetse thupi, kusintha kagayidwe kake ndikuyeretsa magazi. Masewera ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothanirana ndi matenda a matenda a m'mimba.
• Mafuta a cholesterol akayamba kupezeka ndipo zakudya sizithandiza, dokotala amakupatsani mankhwala, koma muyenera kumwa mosamalitsa dokotala.

Pali zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi ma flavonoids, zinthuzi zimaphwanya cholesterol yoyipa, kulimbitsa makoma amitsempha yamagazi, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa HDL. Izi zimaphatikizapo tiyi wobiriwira, cranberries, raspberries, yamatcheri, nyemba, zipatso zamalanje.

Popewa matenda amtima, tikulimbikitsidwa kumatenga mafuta a nsomba nthawi zonse, ma amino acid, ndi magnesium. Zachilengedwe zopezeka m'zakudya ndi nthanga za maungu, nsomba zamafuta, tirigu wamiyendo, mkate wopanda tirigu.

1. Ndikofunika kusiya zamalonda zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta a trans, izi zimaphatikizapo confectionery, zakudya zachangu, soseji, soseji, margarine, mayonesi. Mukamagula ku malo ogulitsira, muyenera kusamala ndi kapangidwe ka chakudya.
2. Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi kumapangitsa kuti maselo ofiira a magazi azigwira, i.e. zigawo zamagazi, magazi. Chifukwa chake, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kupanga zakudya zamagulu ochepa. M'malo mwa shuga woyengedwa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito uchi wachilengedwe, zipatso zouma kapena zotsekemera zapamwamba kwambiri.

Chepetsani mayamwidwe a cholesterol mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala azitsamba kuchokera ku viburnum, linden, quince, mizu ya dandelion, ginseng, mtengo wa mpesa wa ku China, rose, fennel. Kuphatikiza apo, mavitamini ovuta amapatsidwa mankhwala kuti apititse patsogolo.

Chifukwa cha kuchitidwa kwa vitamini B3, kuchuluka kwa zoyipa kumachepa ndipo kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yabwino kumakwera, ndipo mapangidwe amtundu amachepetsa. Vitamini C ndi E amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa matenda a atherosulinosis.

Katswiri wa kanema mu nkhaniyi atchulapo kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa plasma cholesterol.

• Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwakanthawi
• Imabwezeretsa kapangidwe ka insulin

Mafuta m'thupi

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol ndi imodzi mwamafukufuku ofunika kwambiri omwe amathandiza kuyesa kuchuluka kwa matupi a cholesterol m'magazi, omwe angasonyeze thanzi la munthu. Phunziro lomwe limachitika panthawi yake limathandiza kuzindikira kukhalapo kwa pathologies kumayambiriro (mtima atherosulinosis, thrombophlebitis, matenda a mtima). Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupereka magazi a cholesterol osachepera nthawi imodzi pachaka, zomwe zidzakhale zofunikira pakudziyang'anira pawokha. Zomwe zimatsimikizira zotsatira zakusanthula zimati, ndi zomwe zimachitika mwachilengedwe, tikambirana mopitilira.

Cholesterol: mdani kapena bwenzi?

Musanafike pakupanga, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti cholesterol ndi chiyani. Cholesterol ndi mafuta osungunuka omwe amapangidwa ndi ma cell a chiwindi, impso ndi ma adrenal gland kuti alimbikitse ziwalo zam'mimba, kupangitsa kuti akhale ndi mphamvu. Komanso, maselo amenewa amagwira ntchito zofunikira zotsatirazi:

• kutenga nawo kaphatikizidwe ndi mayamwidwe a vitamini D,
• nawo kapangidwe ka bile,
• Lolani maselo ofiira kuti apewe hemolysis isanakwane.
• kutenga nawo mbali popanga mahomoni a steroid.

Ntchito zofunika kwambiri izi za cholesterol zimawonetsa kufunikira kwake kwakuthupi. Komabe, ngati kumangika kwake kuli kopanda vuto, mavuto angayambike.

Yokha, cholesterol siyisungunuka m'madzi, chifukwa chake, mayendedwe athunthu ndi kutaya, ma molekyulu apadera a protein - apoprotein amafunikira. Maselo a cholesterol akagwirizana ndi apoproteins, pokhazikitsa khola - lipoprotein, lomwe limasungunuka mosavuta ndikuyenda mwachangu kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi.

Kutengera kuchuluka kwamapuloteni omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi molekyulu ya cholesterol, lipoproteins imatha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo:

1. Lowensens lipoproteins (VLDL) yocheperachepera - gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a molekyulu imodzi, yomwe imakhala yochepa kwambiri pakuyenda kwathunthu ndi kuchotsa mafuta m'thupi. Njirayi imathandizira kuti magazi ake azikwana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azituluka ndimatenda osiyanasiyana.
2. Lowensens lipoproteins (LDL) - molekyulu yochepetsetsa pa molekyu imodzi. Zinthu zoterezi sizigwira ntchito ndipo sizisungunuka bwino, motero zimakhala zotheka kukhazikika m'matumba.
3. Ma high density lipoproteins (HDL) ndi mankhwala okhazikika omwe amayendetsedwa bwino ndikusungunuka m'madzi.
4. Ma Chylomicrons ndiwo ma cholesterol akuluakulu kwambiri okhala ndi madzi osayenda komanso osasungunuka m'madzi.

Mafuta a cholesterol amafunikira, komabe, mitundu yake ina imatha kupangitsa kuti matenda atukuke. Chifukwa chake, ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri amadziwika kuti ndi cholesterol yoyipa, yomwe imatsogolera kumatupa amitsempha yamagazi. Nthawi yomweyo, ma lipoproteins okwera kwambiri ndiwotsimikizira zaumoyo komanso kufunika kwa njira zonse za metabolic m'thupi. Biochemistry imakupatsani mwayi wodziwikiratu ku chitukuko cha matenda ogwirizana ndi kuchuluka ndi kuyenerera kwa cholesterol m'magazi.

Cholesterol 4.0-4.9: zabwinobwino kapena zoyipa?

Kuyesa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kukhala pafupifupi zero kumayambitsa zovuta za machitidwe onse popanda kusiyanasiyana komanso kukulitsa kwa kusintha kwa matenda. Choyamba, maselo amatayidwa pazinthu zazikulu zomanga zimagwira, minofu ya mafupa, dongosolo la endocrine.

Kuchuluka kwa zinthu m'magazi kumadzetsa mikangano yayikulu. Zotsatira zofala kwambiri pakupatuka kwa chizolowezi ndizo matenda amtima wamatenda, mpaka kugunda kapena kugunda kwa mtima.

Udindo wokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa pathological, kutengera mtundu wa zomwe zili, amaganiza Imodzi mwa mitundu iwiri ya cholesterol:

1. Kulumikizana ndi mapuloteni apadera omwe amapanga HDL (high density lipoproteins) amatchedwa "zabwino". Ntchito yake ndikuyeretsa mwachangu mitsempha yamagazi ndikuteteza thupi kuti lisadutse njira zothandizira kugwirira ntchito ndikusunga cholesterol "yowonjezera" kupita kumalo opangira - chiwindi. Apa, zochulukazo zimakonzedwa ndikuchotsedwa m'thupi.
2. LDL kapena mafuta-protein yambiri amapangidwa ndikuphatikiza ma apoproteins ndi cholesterol "choyipa". Ndi mawonekedwe awa, kukhazikika pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, kumabweretsa mapangidwe.

Mapangidwe a cholesterol malo.

Kudziwona kuchuluka kwa zinthu mu mtundu uliwonse si kovuta. Muyenera kuyesedwa magazi kuti mupange mayeso apadera a ma labotale. Zomwe zalandilidwa zimayang'aniridwa ndi tebulo. Tebulo ili ndi manambala omwe amawonetsa cholesterol zomwe zili mkati mwazotheka, poganizira zaka ndi jenda. Chifukwa chake, ngati kwa mwamuna mulingo wa LDL 2.25-4.82 ndi wabwinobwino, ndiye kuti mwa akazi chizindikiro chapamwamba chimangokhala ndi 3.5 mmol / l.

Pali zovomerezeka, zoperekedwa patebulopo, miyambo ya abambo malinga ndi zaka zawo:

Amayi ovomerezeka mu akazi:

Mukafuna kudziwa zambiri, ndikofunikira kuganizira zaka. Mlingo wa cholesterol wokwanira 4.1, 4,2, 4,3 mpaka 4,9 uli mkati mwazolakwika zirizonse mwa abambo ndi amai. Zomwe zili ndi LDL kapena HDL zimayamba kusintha kutengera zaka komanso jenda. Ngati kuchuluka kwa mayeso a magazi ndi kwa mayi wazaka 65, ndiye kuti iye ali ndi cholesterol 4 mpaka 4,9 mmol / l amadziwika kuti ndiwopezeka. Ziwerengero zomwezo kwa mayi wazaka 35 zimawonetsa kuti LDL yake ndi yokwera. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kufunika kwa chithandizo choyenera.

Mwa amuna, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yathunthu kuchokera ku 4.0 mpaka 4,9 mmol / l, komanso mwa akazi, kumafanana ndi zofunikira. Koma, ngati tikulankhula za otsika osachulukitsa lipoproteins, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa ma 4 mpaka 4,9 mmol / l kudzagwera munthawi yoyenera pokhapokha bambo akafika zaka 25. Kwa HDL, ziwerengero kuchokera ku 4.0 mpaka 4,9 zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwovomerezeka.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kuphwanya malamulo

Chikhulupiriro chofala kuti chofunikira kwambiri pakulimbana kwa chinthu m'magazi ndichinthu china chilichonse chazakudya sicholakwika. Pofuna kutsogolera kusintha kosalekeza komwe kumatha kuyambitsa matenda akulu m'thupi, chidwi cha zifukwa ndizofunikira. Chifukwa chake, yambitsani kuwonjezereka mu:

Kupitilira muyeso wa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta azakudya zambiri. Osangokhala batala, mafuta anyama kapena mazira omwe amagwera m'gulu la oyipa, komanso nyama yakudya.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi cholesterol yambiri "yabwino" kapena "yoyipa".

Kuchepa kwa cholesterol kumayambitsa nkhawa kuposa kuchuluka kwake. Ichi ndi chifukwa choopsa chachikulu cha zomwe zimayambitsa magazi ochepa m'magazi:

• kusintha kwa ziwindi mu chiwindi chifukwa cha zotupa kapena matenda,
• Zakudya zamafuta ochepa,
• kusala kudya musanakumane ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala,
• kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zili ndi chakudya chambiri,
• matenda opatsirana
• kupsinjika
• poyizoni woyambitsa ndi zinthu zopanda pake,
• kuchepa magazi
• chibadwa.

Udindo wofunikira umachitika ndi kudziyimira pawokha. Kuyesera kuti muchepetse cholesterol pokana zinthu "zoyipa" kapena kumwa mankhwala kumayambitsa kusintha kwakukula kwa ma pathologies kukhala mawonekedwe osakhazikika.

Zotheka kukhala nazo ngati sizinachitike

Kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zofunika kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino kumaphatikizidwa ndi ziwalo zomwe zimapanga zinthu zomwezo. Chifukwa chake, mutakumana ndi kupsinjika, mulingo wazinthu zimachepetsedwa kwambiri. Kuti apange kuchepa, chiwindi chimayamba kupanga mafuta ambiri. Pang'onopang'ono, kuyambiranso kumabwezeretseka.

Komabe, ngati zoyambitsa zakuphwanya zidutsa m'gulu la matenda osachiritsika, thupi limafunikira chithandizo chanthawi yake. Kupanda thandizo lililonse kumabweretsa:

• kuchepa kwa kubereka mpaka pakubala kosalekeza,
• kunenepa kwambiri chifukwa cha kulephera kwa maselo kukonza mafuta,
• kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro (kuvutika maganizo kwanthawi yayitali, kuopseza),
• matenda ashuga
• matenda opatsirana am'mimba,
• hemorrhagic stroke,
• kusowa kwa vitamini (A, D, E),
• matenda a chithokomiro chithokomiro (hyperthyroidism), zomwe zimatsogolera pakupanga mahomoni a chithokomiro.

Chilichonse mwazifukwa izi, zimatha kubweretsa kukula kwa neoplasms yoyipa. Kuphatikiza apo, ngozi yakufa mwadzidzidzi m'maloto imakulanso.

Zoyenera kuchita kuti matenda a cholesterol amtundu?

Choyamba, zindikirani mawonekedwe (LDL kapena HDL) ogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a labotale. Komanso, ngati chizindikiro chikapitirira 4.9 mmol / L pa chinthu chodziwika bwino, zotsatirazi zingathandize kubwezeretsa moyenera "choyipa" ndi "chabwino":

1. Zakudya Zamapuloteni Chifukwa cha zakudyazi, ndikotheka kulimbitsa makhoma a mitsempha ya magazi, kupewa mapangidwe a malo m'malo owonongeka ndi khoma lamitsempha.
2. Kugawa kwakanthawi kwa thupi ndi mavitamini ndi michere yomwe ili muzakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, mavitamini a mineral-mineral atengedwa. Kutalika kwa maphunzirowa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala payekhapayekha.
3. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi zokwanira.
4. Kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri (monga zakudya zambiri mu omega-3s).
5. Kuchepetsa kunenepa kwambiri.

Chofunikira kwambiri pakukonza momwe mulingo wa LDL ndi HDL sichili kupatsa thupi lanu gawo lambiri la "kumanja", kuchokera pakuwonekera kwa munthu, ziwalo. Ndikokwanira kutsatira ulamuliro wa "tanthauzo la golide." Poyamika, thupi lipangitsa ntchito zoyambitsidwa kuti zigwire ntchito. Pokhapokha ngati njira zochizira zidayambika pokhapokha ngati mwazindikira.

Cholesterol 4 0 - About Cholesterol

Malinga ndi ziwerengero zapadziko lonse lapansi, chomwe chimayambitsa kufa ndi matenda amtima. Atherosulinosis ndi zovuta zake: kupweteka kwamkati, kukomoka, kulephera kwa mtima, kukhala nawo amodzi mwa mndandanda.

Popeza atherosulinosis ndi chimodzi mwazotsatira za vuto la lipid metabolism, makamaka cholesterol metabolism, m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi gulu lino lawonedwa kuti ndi loopsa kwambiri. Komabe, munthu ayenera kudziwa kuti cholesterol yowonjezera m'thupi ndi chimodzi mwazotsatira za moyo wamakono.

Choyamba, thupi la munthu ndi njira yokhazikika yomwe singathe kuyankha nthawi yomweyo kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo. Zakudya zamunthu wamakono ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi zakudya za agogo ake. Mitundu yofulumira ya moyo imathandizanso kusokoneza ma metabolic.

Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti cholesterol ndi imodzi mwazinthu zachilengedwe komanso zofunikira zapakatikati ya metabolism.

Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani?

Cholesterol kapena cholesterol ndi chinthu chonga mafuta kuchokera ku gulu la ma alcohols apamwamba, osapatsidwa madzi. Pamodzi ndi phospholipids, cholesterol ndi gawo limodzi lamatumbo am'mimba.

Cholesterol ikaphulika, mankhwala opangira zinthu zam'tsogolo kwambiri amapangidwa: ma asidi a bile, vitamini D3 ndi mahomoni a corticosteroid; ndikofunikira kuti mavitamini asungunuke.

Pafupifupi 80% ya chinthuchi imapangidwa m'chiwindi, munthu winayo amalandila ndi chakudya chochokera kuchinyama.

Komabe, cholesterol yayikulu siyabwino, yowonjezera imayikidwa mu ndulu ndi pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi, ndikupangitsa matenda a ndulu ndi atherosulinosis.

M'magazi, cholesterol imayenda mozungulira ma lipoproteins, omwe amasiyana mu mphamvu ya physicochemical. Amagawidwa kukhala "oyipa", cholesterol ya atherogenic ndi "zabwino", anti-atherogenic. Gawo la atherogenic limakhala pafupifupi 2/3 ya cholesterol yonse.

Mulinso ma lipoprotein otsika kwambiri komanso otsika kwambiri (LDL ndi VLDL, motsatana), komanso tizigawo ting'onoting'ono. Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri amadziwika kwambiri kuti triglycerides. M'mabuku akunja, amaphatikizidwa pansi pa dzina wamba "atherogenic lipoprotein", omwe akuwonetsedwa ndi chidule cha LDL.

Mauthengawa amatchedwa "oyipa" mwapang'onopang'ono, popeza ndizomwe zimayambitsa mafuta, kuphatikiza cholesterol "yabwino".

Ma lipoproteins apamwamba kwambiri (HDL, cholesterol "chabwino") amapanga 1/3 yonse. Mitengo iyi imakhala ndi ntchito yotsutsa-atherogenic ndipo imathandizira kuyeretsa kwa makoma a mtima oyika ma tizigawo ting'onoting'ono.

Musanayambe nkhondo yolimbana ndi "mdani Nambala 1", muyenera kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwa mafuta a cholesterol, kuti musapitenso kwina ndikutsitsa zomwe zili pansi kuti zitsike kwambiri. Kuyesa mkhalidwe wa lipid metabolism, kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi kumachitika.

Kuphatikiza pazomwe zenizeni zonse za cholesterol, chidwi ziyenera kuperekedwa pazachigawo cha atherogenic ndi antiatherogenic.

Kuphatikizidwa kwa mankhwala kwa anthu athanzi ndi 5.17 mmol / L; ndipo matenda opatsirana a shuga ndi matenda amtima, mulingo wovomerezeka ndiwotsika, osapitirira 4.5 mmol / L.

Zigawo za LDL nthawi zambiri zimakhala mpaka 65% yathunthu, ina yonse ndi HDL. Komabe, pagulu la zaka 40 mpaka 60, nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuchuluka kumeneku komwe kumasunthidwa kumayendedwe "oyipa" okhala ndi zisonyezo wamba zofananira.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi ndi chisonyezo champhamvu, kutengera jenda, zaka, kupezeka kwa matenda ena

Mafuta a cholesterol ndiokwera kwambiri mwa akazi kuposa anzawo, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyesedwa kwa magazi. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuthupi kwa thupi la Horona.

Kuphatikiza pa malire apamwamba a cholesterol m'magazi, kupezeka kwa malire ochepa kuyenera kukumbukiridwa. Mfundo "yocheperako pang'ono" ndiyolakwika, kuperewera kwa cholesterol (hypocholesterolemia) imapezeka m'malo ovuta kwambiri, nthawi zina osakhala oopsa ngati atherosclerosis ndi matenda a mtima. Hypocholesterolemia imatha kutsagana ndi:

• Njira za Tumor,
• Chifuwa chachikulu, sarcoidosis ndi matenda ena am'mapapo,
• Mitundu ina ya magazi m'thupi
• Zowopsa za chiwindi,
• Hyperthyroidism
• Dystrophy
• Zowotcha kwambiri,
• Njira zotupa za purulent mu minofu yofewa,
• Zilonda zamkati mwa dongosolo lamanjenje,
• Typhus.

Malire otsika a HDL amawonedwa kuti 0,9 mmol / L. Ndi kuchepa kwinanso, chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda amtima wapamtima chimawonjezeka, chifukwa antiatherogenic lipoproteins amakhala ochepa kwambiri ndipo thupi limalephera kupirira kupangidwa kwa zolembedwa za atherosulinotic. Kuchepa kwa LDL nthawi zambiri kumachitika motsutsana ndi maziko azomwezo ndi zomwe zimachitika mu cholesterol yonse.

Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa cholesterol yayikulu pazotsatira zoyesa magazi:

• Mafuta ochulukirapo a nyama ndi mafuta mu chakudya,
• Kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi,
• Chithandizo ndi magulu ena a mankhwala,
• M'badwo
• Zambiri zakutsogolo kwa mahomoni,
• Khalidweli.

Mwa osuta, kuchepa kwa zomwe zili m'magulu oteteza a lipoproteins ndizodziwika bwino. Kunenepa kwambiri, monga lamulo, kumayendetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa triglycerides m'mwazi ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa HDL, komabe, chomwe chimayambitsa ndi chotsatira chake sichinafotokozedwe bwino.

Holesterol yakukwera yapezeka m'mayendedwe otsatirawa:

• Matenda a chiwindi
• Matenda a mtima wa Ischemic,
• Zotupa zapansi,
• Hypothyroidism,
• Matenda a impso limodzi ndi zizindikiro zazikulu zakulephera kwa impso,
• Kusowa kwanyengo,
• Matenda a shuga
• Mowa.

Kuchulukana kwakanthawi kochepa kwa cholesterol kumadziwika panthawi yapakati. Kuphonya kwa lipid metabolism kumatha kubweretsa nkhawa yayikulu.

Kudziwika kwa cholesterol yamagazi

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwamomwe kumapangitsa kuti athe kudziwa zonse za cholesterol, zomwe ndi kuchuluka kwa kuzama kwa LDL ndi HDL.Zomwe zimapangidwira gawo lililonse ndizosiyana ndipo zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi zimafaniziridwa ndi tebulo momwe zimadziwika ndi cholesterol pazaka za amuna ndi akazi.

Ma tebulo awa akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa kuzungulira komwe cholesterol sikukhudza thanzi. Kupatuka kwazomwe zimachitika sikuti nthawi zonse kumawonetsa njira zamatenda, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumasinthasintha malinga ndi nyengo ndi zina zina.

Posachedwa, zidapezeka kuti cholesterol imadalira anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Ndani akuwonetsedwa mayeso a cholesterol?

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol kumalimbikitsidwa kuti kumachitika pafupipafupi, zaka zingapo zilizonse. Choyamba, mbiri ya lipid imalimbikitsa anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo. Mwa zina mwazowunikira:

• Matenda a mtima
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• Zizolowezi zoipa
• Matenda oopsa
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mahomoni, ma beta-blockers, ma diuretics ena,
• Kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins,
• Maphunziro xanthelasm ndi xanthoma.

Magazi kuti awunike amatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha yopanda kanthu. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse chakudya chamadzulo usiku ndikukana chakudya chamafuta mawa musanapite ku labotale. Popereka malangizo, dokotalayo adzalangiza wodwalayo mwatsatanetsatane za zomwe zimachitika pokonzekera phunzirolo.

Kusanthula kwa biochemical kwa magazi kumapangitsa ma coefficients a HDL alpha-cholesterol ndi LDL beta-cholesterol.

• 4,6 - 5.8 - kuchuluka,
• > 6.0 - kwambiri

Momwe mungachepetse cholesterol - chochita ndi cholesterol yayikulu | Matenda a mtima

Hypercholesterolemia ndi cholesterol yambiri m'magazi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimatha kukhala kuchepa kwa cholesterol m'thupi kapena kudya kwambiri, komanso kuphwanya mzere wa mahomoni ndi ntchito yayikulu yamanjenje.

Pa gawo loyambirira, munthu samva zizindikiro za hypercholesterolemia, koma, ndi chitukuko cha matendawa, zimayamba kuonekera zizindikiro zomwe zimakhala ndi atherosulinosis ndi matenda oopsa.

Magazi a cholesterol amagawidwa motere:

• Zoposa 7.8 ndizokwera kwambiri.
• 6.7 - 7.8 - okwera.
• 5.2 - 6.7 - kuchuluka pang'ono.

Zabwinobwino zimakhala pansi pa 5 (moyenera 4 mpaka 4.5).

Anthu omwe ali ndi hypercholesterolemia akudzifunsa momwe angachepetse cholesterol. Amvetsetsa kuti mwa kusintha matenda, kudzachepetsa chiopsezo cha stroko ndi mtima.

Ndiwothandiza kwambiri kutsitsa cholesterol kunyumba m'masiku 45-60 mothandizidwa ndi ma statins ndi ma fibrate (mankhwala kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwake), ndipo mutha kuyang'anira pazotheka kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamankhwala azikhalidwe.

Mndandanda wa cholesterol wapamwamba

1. Tsimikizani kulondola kwa zolondola zasayansi

Kuti zotsatira zoyeserera zisasokeretsedwe, musaiwale kuti magazi amaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndipo muyenera kudya komaliza maola 12 mpaka 13 musanayesedwe magazi osati pambuyo pake.

Njira zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito zasayansi zimalephera kulakwitsa ndi 99.9%, koma nthawi zina zolakwika zimachitika. Makamaka pamene kuchuluka kwambiri kumapezeka mwa achinyamata kwambiri.

Choyambirira kuchita ndikuwunika magazi kwa cholesterol

Nthawi zina chithandizo ndi mapiritsi amayamba nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimachitika pamene wodwala ali pachiwopsezo:

• Amakhala ndi matenda oopsa (nthawi zambiri).
• Matenda a mtima (corins adzafunika kudya moyo wanga wonse).
• Zaka zopitilira 75.
• Cholowa chamtsogolo.
• Matenda a shuga.
• Kunenepa kwambiri
• Kusuta.

Chofunika: musanayambe chithandizo ndi ma statins, pendani mayeso a chiwindi.

1. Kulimbitsa thupi kumakuthandizani kukhala wathanzi

• Ngati munthu akuchita maphunziro akuthupi, ma lipids ake sakhala nthawi yayitali m'matumba choncho sangakhazikike pamakoma awo. Kuthamanga ndikothandiza kwambiri pakuchepetsa cholesterol.
• Ntchito yakuthupi mu mpweya wabwino, kuyenda mu paki, kuvina kumawonjezera minofu ndi kamvekedwe ka mawu. Amapereka mkhalidwe wachisangalalo, womwe ndiwothandiza kwambiri kwa thupi.
• Kuyenda kwa ola lathunthu mumweya watsopano kumachepetsa kufa kwa mtima wamatenda ndi 50%.

Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa lipids, muyenera kuchita izi:

• Kuchepetsa thupi (kunenepa kwambiri).
• Siyani kusuta.
• Osamamwa mowa wambiri. Amaloledwa kumwa ma 200 ml a mowa wouma wouma (kapena 50 ml ya mowa wamphamvu) patsiku.
• Osamadya kwambiri.
• Monga momwe ndingathere kukhala mu mpweya watsopano.

2. Nenani kuti 'Ayi!':

• Chepetsa kudya kwanu mafuta anyama ambiri. Kapena kulipirirani ndikulanda nsomba yamafuta, mafuta a masamba ndikumwa mowa pang'ono. Mutha kudya mafuta anyama ndi adyo, omwe amathandiza kugwiritsa ntchito lipids.
• Osamadya masangweji ndi batala.
• Osamadya tchizi chamafuta, mazira, kirimu wowawasa. Onjezani zakudya za soya kuzakudya zanu. Iwo amateteza kagayidwe.
• Mafuta oyenera ayenera kusamalidwa. Ngati mwadya "kagawo" ka mafuta azinyama, muzipanga ndi masamba. Kuti muchite izi, sakanizani chimanga (mpendadzuwa), soya ndi mafuta a azitona mu magawo ofanana. Mu phala, pasitala, saladi, onjezani zosakaniza izi.

Zotsatira za moyo wa cholesterol

5-masiku a maphunziro a madzi:

1. Madzi a karoti (130 g) + madzi a udzu winawake (70 g).
2. Madzi a nkhaka (70 g) + msuzi kuchokera ku beets (70 g) + msuzi wa kaloti (100 g). Madzi a beet osavomerezeka kuti adyedwe nthawi yomweyo. Amayenera kuloledwa kuyimirira pamalo abwino kwa mphindi 45 - 65.