Metabolic syndrome mwa akazi: zimayambitsa ndi kulandira chithandizo

Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino komanso zowopsa zamunthu masiku ano zimadziwika kuti metabolic syndrome. Madokotala samati izi zimachitika ndi matenda amodzi ndi m'modzi, m'malo mwake, ndi kuphatikiza kwa matenda ena akulu a metabolic ndi mtima dongosolo. Pathology imakhala yofala pakatikati, makamaka mwa amuna, koma patatha zaka 50, metabolic syndrome imachulukanso mwa akazi. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa estrogen panthawiyi. Posachedwa, matenda azachipatala akufalikira, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a mayiko otukuka ali ndi vuto la metabolic. Anayambanso kudabwitsa ana. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chokhala phee komanso kudya zakudya zamagulu ambiri.

Metabolic syndrome mwa akazi: ndi chiyani

Izi matenda si matenda osiyana. Metabolic syndrome imaphatikizanso kuphatikiza kwa nthenda zinayi zazikulu izi:

mtundu 2 shuga
matenda oopsa
matenda a mtima
kunenepa.

Matenda onsewa ndi akulu mwa iwo okha, koma akaphatikizidwa, amakhala owopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, madokotala amatcha metabolic syndrome ndi "quartet yakufa." Popanda chithandizo chokwanira, matendawa nthawi zambiri amabweretsa zovuta zambiri ngakhale kufa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa matenda a metabolic mu nthawi yake. Zomwe zimadziwika nthawi zambiri kwa azimayi panthawi yopereka. Ndipo azimayi ambiri amagwirizanitsa matenda awo ndi kusamba. Chifukwa chake, dokotala amafunsidwa kale kumapeto kwa chitukuko cha matenda a zamitsempha, pamene kusintha kwa mtima kumadziwika. Koma mothandizidwa ndi chithandizo choyenera, ndizotheka kuyimitsa kupitilira kwa zovuta zaumoyo. Ngakhale amakhulupilira kuti matenda azachipatala sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu.

Metabolic syndrome mwa akazi: kufotokozera

Kusintha kotereku m'dongosolo laumoyo kumalumikizidwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa metabolic. Chachikulu ndikupanga maselo kuti insulini. Zotsatira zake, timadzi timeneti timalephera kukwaniritsa ntchito zake, ndipo glucose samatengekedwa ndi minofu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ziwalo zonse zisinthe, makamaka ubongo.

Ntchito yayikulu ya insulin ndikuyambitsa magwiritsidwe a shuga m'magazi. Koma ngati ma receptor omwe akukhudzidwa ndi izi akhalabe opanda chidwi ndi timadzi tambiri, njirayi imasokonekera. Zotsatira zake, glucose samamwa, insulin imapangidwa, ndipo amadziunjikira m'magazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, metabolic syndrome mwa akazi imadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" ndi triglycerides chifukwa cha kuphwanya mafuta kagayidwe. Palinso kuchuluka kwa uric acid komanso kusadziletsa kwa mahomoni. Chifukwa cha zosintha izi, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera, kunenepa kwambiri kumawonekera, ndipo ntchito yamtima wasokonezeka.

Kusintha konseku kumachitika m'thupi pang'onopang'ono. Chifukwa chake, sizotheka mwachangu kuzindikira akazi a metabolic. Zizindikiro zake zimapezeka ngati kusintha kukukhudza ntchito ya ziwalo zambiri. Koma, choyamba, chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso moyo wongokhala, chidwi cha maselo ku insulin chimasokonezedwa. Zotsatira zake, kapamba amayamba kupanga kuchuluka kwa mahomoni awa kuti apereke glucose m'maselo. Kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi kumabweretsa zovuta za metabolic, makamaka kuyamwa kwa mafuta. Kunenepa kwambiri kumayamba, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumayambitsa matenda a shuga, komanso kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni omwe amapanga maselo, omwe amachititsa kukalamba msanga.

Zimayambitsa metabolic syndrome mwa akazi

Kusintha kwachilengedwe m'thupi ndi matenda amenewa kumalumikizidwa ndi kusazindikira maselo kupita ku insulin. Ndi njirayi yomwe imayambitsa zonse zomwe zimadziwika ndi metabolic syndrome mwa akazi. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulin ikane.

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka chifukwa chomwa mowa kwambiri komanso zakudya zamafuta. Zotsatira zake, shuga ndi mafuta ambiri amalowa m'magazi. Alibe nthawi yogaya ndipo amayikidwa mu minofu. Chifukwa chake, kunenepa kumayamba. Ndipo mafuta achilengedwe amachititsa kusintha m'maselo omwe amasokoneza kumva kwa insulin.
Oddly zokwanira, koma otsika kalori zakudya kumayambitsa matenda kagayidwe kachakudya. Thupi limasunga minofu ya adipose, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga asalowe.
Kuperewera kwa zinthu zolimbitsa thupi kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa machitidwe onse a metabolic. Makamaka chifukwa cha izi, kuyamwa kwamafuta, omwe amawaika m'matumbo am'mimba komanso mkati mwa ziwalo zamkati, kumawonongeka.
Nthawi zina matenda a metabolic mu azimayi amatha chifukwa cha majini. Pankhaniyi, wokhala ndi moyo wokhala phee kapena kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kunenepa kwambiri kumakula.
Mankhwala ena amatha kupangitsa insulini kuti maselo agundane. Awa ndi ma corticosteroids, mahomoni opatsa mphamvu a chithokomiro, kulera kwapakamwa komanso othandizira ena a hypoglycemic.
Kupsinjika kwapafupipafupi komanso kupanikizika kwa nthawi yayitali kumasokoneza njira yopanga mahomoni. Nthawi zambiri izi zimawonetsedwa pakupanga insulin ndi chidwi cha maselo kwa izo.
Matenda a mahormone amatsogolera ku mfundo yoti metabolic syndrome mwa azimayi omwe amakumana ndi amuna amakula nthawi zambiri. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kupanga kwa estrogen.
Kusokonezeka kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa magazi kapena kuperewera kwa mpweya muubongo kumachetsanso chidwi cha maselo kuti apange insulin.

Kodi metabolic syndrome imawoneka bwanji?

Pathology imayamba kufalikira, m'zaka zaposachedwa yakhala ikuwonekera kwambiri muunyamata. Koma mawonetsedwe ake ambiri samadziwika pamigawo yoyamba. Chifukwa chake, odwala nthawi zambiri amatembenukira kwa dokotala pamene kuphwanya kwakukulu mu ntchito ya ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe zimawonedwa kale. Kodi munthu angadziwe bwanji munthawi yake kuti matenda a metabolic amapezeka mwa akazi? Zizindikiro za matenda a m'matumbo zingakhale motere:

kutopa, kuchepa mphamvu, kuchepa kwa ntchito,
ndikudyera nthawi yayitali, machitidwe oyipa amawonekera, ngakhale okwiya,
Nthawi zonse ndimafuna maswiti, kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamafuta kumathandizanso kuti mtima ukhale wabwino,
pali kugunda kwamtima kwadzidzidzi, kenako - kupweteka mumtima,
Mutu umayamba kupezeka ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kukwera,
nseru, pakamwa pouma komanso ludzu lochulukirapo limatha
chimbudzi chimachepetsa, kudzimbidwa kumawonekera,
Zizindikiro za matenda a dongosolo la ubongo wa munthu - amakhala ndi tachycardia, thukuta kwambiri, kusokonekera kwa kayendedwe ka mayendedwe ndi ena.

Palinso zizindikiro zakunja za matenda awa. Dokotala wodziwa zambiri amatha kudziwa za metabolic syndrome mwa akazi pang'onopang'ono. Chithunzi cha odwala chotere chimawonetsa chizindikiro chodziwika kwa onse: kunenepa kwambiri ndi mtundu wam'mimba. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mafuta amadziunjikira makamaka pamimba. Kuphatikiza apo, osati mu minofu yaying'ono, komanso kuzungulira ziwalo zamkati, zomwe zimasokoneza ntchito yawo. Amakhulupirira kuti kunenepa kwam'mimba kumachitika ngati kukula kwa chiuno cha mkazi kupitilira masentimita 88.

Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuwona mawanga ofiira pakhosi ndi pachifuwa chapamwamba. Maonekedwe awo amaphatikizidwa ndi vasospasm ndi kuthamanga kapena kupsinjika.

Mavuto ndi zotsatira za metabolic syndrome

Ichi ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe ali ndi zovuta zamankhwala. Popanda chithandizo choyenera, metabolic syndrome mwa akazi imabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa. Nthawi zambiri, kusokoneza kwamitsempha yamagazi kumayambitsa myocardial infarction kapena stroke. Matenda a atherosulinosis, thrombophlebitis, kapena matenda a mtima apatsitsika angayambenso.

Ndipo chithandizo chosayenera cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 chimayambitsa kukula kwa mawonekedwe ake omwe amadalira insulin. Kuchulukana kwotalikilapo kwa shuga m'magazi ndimomwe kumayambitsa khungu, kukalamba msanga, komanso kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa zotumphukira. Gout kapena mafuta a chiwindi amathanso kuyamba. Odwala awa nthawi zambiri amakhala osakhudzidwa, choncho nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chimfine, bronchitis, ndi chibayo.

Ngati metabolic syndrome imayamba mwa azimayi amsinkhu wobereka, izi zimatha kubala. Inde, kuphwanya matendawa kumakhudza chakudya chokha komanso mafuta a metabolism. Ziwalo zonse ndi minofu zimavutika, kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa. Thumba losunga mazira la polycystic, endometriosis, kuchepa kwa kugonana, kusamba kwa msambo kumatha.

Kuzindikira kagayidwe kachakudya matenda

Nthawi zambiri, odwala omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zotere amapita kwa akatswiri. Pambuyo pofufuza ndikusunga mbiri yachipatala, wodwalayo amatumizidwa kwa endocrinologist kuti amupimenso ndi kusankha njira zamankhwala. Kafukufuku wodwala amakupatsani mwayi wowona mawonekedwe a moyo ndi zakudya, kukhalapo kwa matenda osachiritsika. Kuphatikiza apo, endocrinologist imayesa wodwalayo kunja: imayesa mchiuno, imawerengera index yolimba. Koma osati mwa zizindikiro izi ndi metabolic syndrome mwa akazi otsimikiza. Kuzindikira kwa matenda a zam'mimba kumakhalanso ndi mayeso a labotale. Nthawi zambiri, kuyezetsa magazi ndi mkodzo kumachitika chifukwa cha izi. Kukhalapo kwa metabolic syndrome kumasonyezedwa ndi izi:

okwera triglycerides,
kuchepa kwa ndende ya lipoproteins yapamwamba,
kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa,
shuga m'mimba yopanda 5.5 mmol / l,
kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi leptin,
Ma mamolekyulu a mapuloteni komanso kuchuluka kwa uric acid amapezeka mumkodzo.

Kuphatikiza apo, njira zina zoyeserera zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Kuyesedwa kwa kulolera kwa glucose, kuphunzira za kugunda kwa magazi, kuwunika magazi tsiku lililonse kungachitike.

Mfundo zachithandizo

Wodwala aliyense amafunikira njira yothandizira payekha. Chithandizo cha metabolic syndrome mwa akazi chimayikidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri komanso kupezeka kwa matenda oyanjana. Ntchito zake zazikulu zikuyenera kukhala kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa thupi, kuonjezera mphamvu ya maselo kuti apange insulin, kusintha njira zama metabolic ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a mtima.

Nthawi zambiri, njira zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza:

Zakudya zapadera za metabolic syndrome mwa akazi ndi njira yovomerezeka komanso yothandiza kwambiri yochepetsera kunenepa komanso kuchepetsa matenda
wodwalayo akulangizidwanso kuti asinthe moyo wake powonjezera zolimbitsa thupi.
Mankhwala osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza zosokoneza pakugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zamkati,
kuthandizira kwamalingaliro ndikukhalabe ndi malingaliro abwino ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa amayi omwe ali ndi izi.

Kuphatikiza apo, wodwalayo angagwiritsenso ntchito njira zina. Mothandizidwa ndi maphikidwe a mankhwala achikhalidwe, kagayidwe kamapangidwira, kulemera kwa thupi kumachepetsedwa, kufalikira kwa magazi kumatheka. Imagwira mu sanatorium pochiza matenda a metabolic azimayi. Malangizo a physiotherapy omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepo, kusintha kagayidwe kazakudya ndi lipid metabolism, kukhazikitsa bata kwamanjenje, kuchepetsa matenda othamanga. Chothandiza kwambiri pazolinga izi ndi balneotherapy, kutikita minofu, mchere wamadzi am'madzi, electrotherapy.

Mankhwala ochizira matenda a metabolic

Chithandizo cha mankhwala chimakhazikitsidwa kutengera kuuma kwa zizindikiro za matenda. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti lipid ndi kagayidwe kazigawo azitha, kuti achulukitse chidwi cha maselo kuti apange insulini, komanso kutsitsa magazi komanso kusintha mtima. Nthawi zina mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti thupi lizisintha. Mankhwala amasankhidwa ndi dokotala payekha atapima mayeso athunthu.

Zochizira matenda a lipid metabolism, mankhwala a statin ndi fibrate gulu amadziwika. Itha kukhala Rosuvastatin, Lovastatin, Fenofibrat.
Kupititsa patsogolo kuyamwa kwa shuga ndi maselo ndikuwonjezera chidwi chawo ku insulin, njira zapadera ndi mavitamini amafunikira. Awa ndi "Metformin", "Glucophage", "Siofor", "Alpha Lipon" ndi ena.
Ngati metabolic syndrome imayamba mwa azimayi okana, mankhwala a mahomoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zitha kukhala mankhwala okhala ndi estradiol ndi drospirenone.
ACE inhibitors, calcium blockers kapena diuretics amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti magazi azikhala bwino komanso kuti mtima uzigwira bwino ntchito. Mankhwala odziwika bwino ndi Captopril, Felodipine, Bisoprolol, Losartan, Torasemide ndi ena.

Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo cha kagayidwe kachakudya mu azimayi omwe ali ndi mankhwalawa cholinga chake ndi kuwonda. Potere, njira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe zimalepheretsa chidwi cha mai komanso kukonzanso malingaliro a mayi akamakana chakudya. Izi mwina, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala "Fluoxetine." Gulu lina la mankhwala onenepa kwambiri limakupatsani mwayi kuti muchotse mafuta m'matumbo, osalola kuti aloledwe m'magazi. Uku ndi Orlistat kapena Xenical. Ndiosafunika kuti kagayidwe kachakudya kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mankhwala otchuka ngati kunenepa kwambiri monga Prozac, Reduxin, Sibutramin, komanso zakudya zamasiku ano popanda kufunsa dokotala.

Metabolic Syndrome

Kuti akhazikitse njira za metabolic ndikuwonjezera chidwi cha maselo kuti apange insulin, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwonjezera zochita za wodwalayo. Koma mukasewera masewera, malamulo angapo ayenera kuwonedwa, ndiye kuti chithandizo cha kunenepa kwambiri chitha kukhala chothandiza:

muyenera kusankha masewera omwe angakusangalatseni, chifukwa muyenera kukhala osangalala.
zolimbitsa thupi zizikhala tsiku lililonse kwa ola limodzi,
Katundu ayenera kuchuluka pang'onopang'ono, munthu sangathe kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso,
Simungathe kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuphwanya kwambiri mtima kapena impso.

Ndi maphunziro ati omwe angathandize anthu omwe ali ndi metabolic syndrome? Kwa azimayi ochepera zaka 50, masewera olimbitsa thupi a anaerobic ndi maphunziro olimbitsa thupi ndi oyenera. Uku ndikuthamanga, kuphunzitsa pa simulators, squats, kusambira mothamanga, aerobics. Pambuyo pa zaka 50, ndibwino kuti muzichita kuyenda kwa Nordic, kusambira, kuvina mwakachetechete, kupalasa njinga.

Zakudya zoyenera za metabolic syndrome

Kuchepetsa thupi ndiye cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwalawa. Koma kuti musavulaze thanzi kwambiri, kuchepa thupi kuyenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono. Amakhulupirira kuti thupi limazindikira, popanda kupsinjika, kutayika kwa 3% kwa misa yoyambirira. Izi ndi pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 2-4. Mukamachepetsa thupi msanga, machitidwe a metabolic amachepetsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mkazi amalimbikitsidwa kuyang'anira chisamaliro cha zakudya. Ndikofunika kuti chakudyacho chizikoka payekha ndi dokotala. Poterepa, kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri, kupezeka kwa zovuta, msinkhu wa wodwalayo udzakhudzidwa.

Zakudya za metabolic syndrome mwa akazi ziyenera kukhala zochepa m'mankhwala ndi mafuta. Muyenera kusiyira confectionery, kuphika ndi kuphika, maswiti, nyama yamafuta ndi nsomba, zakudya zamzitini, mpunga, nthochi, zoumba, mafuta abwino ndi zakumwa za shuga. Zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala ndi masamba obiriwira, zipatso zosapsa, nyama yochepa-mafuta, nsomba ndi mkaka, buledi wazonse wa tirigu, chakudya chokhala ndi barele. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:

muyenera kudya zazing'ono, koma osalola pang'ono kudya pakati,
Zakudya ndizophika bwino, zopatsa kapena kuphika,
Zakudya zonse ziyenera kutafunidwa mosamala,
chakudya sichingatsukidwe,
muyenera kuchepetsa mchere,
buku la chakudya limalimbikitsa.

Kuteteza kwa Metabolic Syndrome

Amakhulupirira kuti azimayi amakono amakhala ndi chiyembekezochi. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kudziwa momwe muyenera kukhalira kuti mupewe kukula kwa metabolic syndrome:

idyani moyenera, osamva njala komanso osatsata zakudya zama calori zochepa,
kusuntha kwambiri, kuchita masewera,
pafupipafupi kuchita maphunziro a kutikita minofu ndi olimbitsa thupi,
Pakatha zaka 40, yang'anani kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi glucose m'magazi,
lekani zizolowezi zoyipa ndi kudya mwachangu.

Izi matenda tsopano amapezeka mwa aliyense wachitatu. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti azimayi opitirira 50 aziyang'anira kulemera kwawo, chifukwa metabolic syndrome imasokoneza ntchito ya ziwalo zonse. Chifukwa chake, pamene zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda zimapezeka, muyenera kuwona dokotala kuti akuthandizeni. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyerekezera ndi kusankha zakudya zokha ndikofunikira, komanso chithandizo chamalingaliro.

Metabolic syndrome mwa akazi ndi amuna - Zizindikiro

Belu loyamba lachitukuko cha metabolic syndrome ndi kupezeka kwa chiuno cha mkazi chotalika masentimita 80, ndipo mwamuna amakhala woposa masentimita 94. Ngati kukula kwakumwambako kumaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kuposa 130/85 mm RT. Zaka zana, wokhala ndi shuga woposa 5.6 mmol / l, kapena kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi, kupezeka kwa metabolic syndrome sikukayikira.

Metabolic Syndrome - Amayambitsa

Zomwe zimayambitsa metabolic syndrome:

zosintha zokhudzana ndi zaka muyezo wama mahomoni,
kudya kwambiri zakudya zopanda pake,
kusowa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha njira zonse za metabolic syndrome ndi INSULIN RESISTANCE, komwe ndi chitetezo chathupi ndichiphuphu.

Insulin imapereka shuga m'cell. Ngati khungu liyamba "kufa ndi njala" chifukwa chosowa shuga, ndiye kuti chizindikiro chimabwera ku ubongo womwe muyenera: 1) idyani mwachangu china chake (onjezani shuga), 2) monjezerani kupanga insulin, yomwe ipereke shuga ku cell.

Pankhani ya metabolic syndrome, MECHANISM yokhudza kuperekera kwa glucose ku cell imakhala YOPHUNZITSIRA, ndiye kuti, pali gawo Lambiri la glucose m'magazi ("shuga yayikulu"), ndipo glucose uyu samalowa mu cell (ndipo munthu akuvutika ndi kufooka komanso kusowa mphamvu).

Kodi chifukwa chiyani "insulin kukana" ndi chiyani? Chowonadi ndi chakuti mkati mwa selo mumakhala maulamuliro omwe amawongolera kuchuluka kwa glucose omwe akubwera. Ngati pali shuga wambiri kuposa momwe amafunikira, khungu limafa. Chifukwa chake, kuti khungu lizitsegula "chipata" cha glucose, zochitika zonse zokhudzana ndi ma microRNA ziyenera kuchitika koyamba mu cell.

Selo imafunikira ma nucleotide ambiri omwe amapanga ma microRNA, omwe nawonso amawongolera kayendedwe ka glucose. Koma ndi zaka, izi zomangira zamtunduwu zimakhala ngati ma nucleotides zimayamba kuchepera.

Metabolic Syndrome - Chithandizo

Choyamba, chithandizo cha metabolic syndrome chiyenera kukhala ndi cholinga chothana ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera ntchito zamagalimoto, kuchepetsa kudya caloric.

Mfundo yofunikira kwambiri: ndikofunikira kuwonjezera mavitamini ndi ma microelements ofunikira kuti thupi likhale ndi zakudya, makamaka zomwe zimathandizira thupi pomanga ma microRNA omwe amayang'anira kuthamanga kwa shuga. Thupi limafunikira ma nucleotide.

Malangizo athu a metabolic syndrome

Kuti mudzaze kuchepa kwa ma nucleotide mthupi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa Dienai. Pafupifupi kukonzekera konse kwa mzere wa Dienai ndi gwero la ma nucleotide.

Ngati zili pafupi kagayidwe kachakudya matenda akazi, ndiye mutha kulimbikitsa mankhwala monga Panmelan, Dienai.

At kagayidwe kachakudya amuna Tarkus tikulimbikitsidwa. Tarkus ndi mankhwala omwe amathandiza kuti thupi laimuna likhale ndi mahomoni, lizikhala ndi ma testosterone (mahomoni achimuna). Kutsika kwa testosterone milingo kumayendetsedwa ndi kuchepa kwamisempha ndi mphamvu, kuwonjezeka kwa minofu ya adipose, mafupa am'mimba, ndi kuchepa kwa kamvekedwe ka khungu komanso makulidwe (khungu lotupa). Pakadali pano, kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kwa thupi chifukwa cha minofu ya adipose kumayambitsa kuchepa kwina kwa testosterone. Pali "bwalo loyipa" pamene mafuta ochulukirapo m'thupi pakatha nthawi amatha kusintha munthu kukhala cholengedwa cha pakati. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mu thupi laimuna, kuphatikiza ma androgens ndi testosterone, mahomoni achikazi ochepa amapangidwa nthawi zonse, ndipo mwa akazi - mahomoni achimuna. Ngati kulemera kwa munthu kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa 30%, dongosolo la endocrine limaletsa kupanga testosterone ndikuwonjezera kupanga kwa estrogen ndi progesterone. Mothandizidwa ndi iwo, amuna amakhala mwamtundu woyenera. Mankhwala athu Tarkus amathandiza thupi laimuna kuti lipange testosterone yake, potithandiza kuthana ndi vutoli.

Ndingathandize liti

Matenda a mtima

	Atherosulinosis
	Mitsempha ya Varicose
	Magazi
	Thrombophlebitis
	Thrombophlebitis ya m'munsi malekezero
	Zilonda zam'mimba

Matenda a mtima:

	Mtima arrhythmia
	Matenda oopsa
	Matenda a mtima
	Matenda a mtima
	Rheumatism (rheumatic matenda a mtima)

Matenda amanjenje

	Matenda otopa kwambiri
	Stroko
	Matenda a Alzheimer's
	Matenda a Parkinson
	Schizophrenia
	Cerebral palsy (ubongo)

Matenda amwazi.

Matenda a endocrine

	Matenda a shuga
	Autoimmune chithokomiro
	Hypothyroidism

Matenda ophatikizika

	Nyamakazi ndi polyarthritis
Matenda a mafupa
Rheumatoid nyamakazi
Matenda a Psoriatic
	Arthrosis
	Osteoarthrosis
	Osteochondrosis
	Rheumatism (nyamakazi)
	Fibromyalgia

Matenda amaso.

	Mphaka
	Maso a Glaucoma
	Presbyopia

Matenda am'mimba:

	Matenda a gastritis
	Cholangitis
	Cholecystitis
	Pancreatitis
	Biliary dyskinesia

Matenda a chiwindi

Matenda a parasitic

	Giardiasis
	Opisthorchiasis

Matenda achikopa

Metabolic syndrome

Prostatitis

Matenda achikazi:

	Matenda otupa a ziwalo zamkati.
	Mapangidwe a cystic
	Fibromyomas, uterine fibroids
	Kusamba
	Dyshormonal uterine magazi
	Kusabereka
	Matenda a urogenital
	Matenda a m'mawere
	Endometriosis
	Cervical kukokoloka
	Zabereka

Matenda a oncological. Kubwezeretsa Chemotherapy

Makanema apaintaneti

1) "Kodi metabolic syndrome ndi momwe mungazindikire munthawi yake"

2) "kuwongolera kagayidwe kachakudya ka mankhwala a Dienai"

Ndemanga:

Wodwala: Munthu wazaka 39. Mzinda wa Vladimir.

Dziwani (madandaulo): Vegetovascular dystonia. Metabolic syndrome. Kunenepa kwambiri 1-2 tbsp. Mbiri ya gastrectomy ya zilonda zam'mimba. Matenda a Gallstone osachulukirachulukira. Chithunzi cha Clinical: Zochitika za vegetovascular dystonia zawonedwa kuyambira paunyamata ndipo zimawonetsedwa ndi kusakhazikika kwa magazi malinga ndi mtundu wa hypertonic, kudalira kwanyengo, ndi mutu. Mankhwala alibe ntchito.

Ndondomeko yolandirira: imamwa mankhwala ozunguza bongo Dienai kuyambira Meyi 2009: Dienaindiye Venomax 2 mapaketi, pakadali pano Tarkus.

Zotsatira: Thanzi langa limayenda bwino, mutu wanga udayima, chizolowezi changa cha maswiti sichinathe, ntchito yanga ndi mphamvu zinakulira. Pakupita miyezi itatu panalibe kudumphira kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kusintha kwa nyengo.

Chipatala ndi zovuta

Kuchokera pakuwona kwa wazachipatala, metabolic syndrome ndi lingaliro losakanikirana: momwemo, mawonetsedwe ake azachipatala amakhala ndi zizindikiro za kunenepa kwambiri, matenda oopsa a m'mimba, gout, kugona kwa apnea syndrome ndi zina zina zomwe zimagwirizana.

Chidziwitso chapadera cha chithunzi cha matendawa ndicho, choyamba, kulumikizana kwa ziwalo zake, ndikuphatikizira kowopsa pamatenda a matenda amtima, omwe awonetsedwa m'maphunziro ambiri.

Chithunzi cha chipatala cha metabolic syndrome ndimawonera a mtima.

Metabolic arterial matenda oopsa

Malinga ndi malipoti ena, mu 50% ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa, magazi amawonjezereka, omwe nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi kulolerana kwa glucose ndi dyslipidemia. Ubwenzi wapamtima unakhazikitsidwanso pakati pa matenda oopsa komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Kwambiri, metabolic arterial hypertension ili ndi zinthu zingapo - Zosagwiritsa ntchito ma dipper kapena ma dipper a High-dipper ndizodziwika, kusiyanasiyana kwa magazi, monga lamulo, chidwi chamchere kwambiri.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zosiyanitsa ndi kuchepa kwa ziwopsezo mu metabolic syndrome ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kamvekedwe ka masheya amisala motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchepa kwa kamvekedwe ka parasympathetic. Malinga ndi ofufuza ambiri, amafotokoza zakuphwanya kwa magazi m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi patsiku sikuyenera kupitirira 25%, ndipo ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti matendawa ndi kuchepa kwa magazi nthawi yayitali komanso kuchepa kwa kugunda kwa mtima.

Kuphatikiza pa kusintha kwamasamba osakanikirana, kusungidwa kwa sodium ndi madzi kumathandizira kwambiri pakukula kwa matenda oopsa a metabolism mu metabolic syndrome, omwe amachititsa chidwi chamchere champhamvu kwambiri cha metabolic arterial hypertension.

Kumanzere kwamitsempha yamagazi, kukomoka kwa diastolic myocardial kukomoka komanso kulephera kwa mtima.

Odwala omwe ali ndi metabolic syndrome amatha kuthekera kuposa anthu omwe alibe matendawa kuti asiyire yamitsempha yamagazi yamatumbo ndi diastolic myocardial dysfunction. >> '), bweretsani zabodza, ">> >>>>" >>>'), bweretsani zabodza, "kalembedwe =" zokongoletsa zolemba: palibe, ">

Zawonetsedwa kuti ndi ochepa matenda oopsa osakanikirana ndi kunenepa kwambiri pamimba ndi hyperinsulinemia, mtundu wokhazikika wapakhosi wamanzere wamitsempha yamagazi komanso kukwera kwa myocardial misa index ndi khosi lamanzere lamitsempha lamanzere amapezeka, mwa odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wa gynoid, mtundu wa eccentric wamanzere wamitsempha yamagazi. Mtundu wa kukonzanso kwamanzere kumanzere kwa anthu omwe ali ndi metabolic syndrome ndikukulitsa kwa khoma lakumaso ndi septum yamtima.

Mtima wodwala wokhala ndi metabolic syndrome amakakamizidwa kuthana ndi njira zingapo zoyipa zomwe zimagwirizana mwamphamvu ndi kukakamizidwa komanso kuchuluka kwa mtima. Kusintha kwapangidwa kwa myocardium kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwa thupi lonse. Kufunika kokwaniritsa zofunikira za minofu kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mtima, zomwe zimabweretsa kutuluka komanso kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kwa kuchuluka kwambiri kwa ventricle yamanzere ndi voliyumu ndi kukakamizidwa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira za impedance kunapangitsa kuti zidziwike kuti kukula kwa chamanzere kwam'mimba kumakhala kofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa minofu ya adipose, pomwe makulidwe a septum ndi khoma lakunja likugwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa minofu ya adipose. Nthawi zina, makutidwe ndi mafutulo a mafuta ndi glucose waulere amapereka, pafupifupi 65% ndi 30% ya mphamvu zamagetsi zamtima. Nthawi yomweyo, pamaso pa insulin kukana kuchokera 80 mpaka 90% ya mphamvu yamagetsi yamtima imaperekedwa ndi kagayidwe kazakudya zamafuta, pomwe njira zonse za anaerobic ndi aerobic zopanga ATP zimatsitsidwa pang'ono. "Kusinthana kwa" gawo lapansi kumeneku kumakhala koyenera kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa mtima, pamene "chopereka" cha oxidative glucose metabolism chake pakupanga mphamvu nthawi zambiri chimakula. Mtima wa wodwala wokhala ndi metabolic syndrome uli mu "kukakamizidwa" kwa zovuta zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito kukula kwa chitukuko cha "mphamvu yanjala" yamaselo - chifukwa choyambitsa kukana insulini komanso zovuta zina zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa mtima chifukwa cha zovuta za hemodynamic.

Nthawi yomweyo, lamanzere yamitsempha yamanzere ndi amodzi mwa olosera zamphamvu kwambiri za matenda a mtima osalephera. Zosintha mu morphology yamapangidwe ndi kayendetsedwe ka mtima mwa odwala omwe ali ndi metabolic syndrome ndi njira zapakati panjira yodutsira mtima. Komanso, kuwonjezereka kosafunikira kwa nkhawa pa myocardium ndi sekondale yachiwiri yamitsempha yamanzere yamitsempha kumabweretsa kuphwanya kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kudzaza kwa ventricle yamanzere, yomwe imawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi mtima wosagundika. Pankhaniyi, metabolic syndrome imawonedwa ngati chiwonetsero chodziyimira pawokha cha diastolic kukanika kwa ventricle kumanzere kwa anthu ambiri.

Mafuta akuchulukirachulukira, makamaka osagwirizana ndi matenda ochepa oopsa, dyspnea yomwe imapita patsogolo, imayamba, kutha kwa malekezero am'munsi, ndipo nthawi zina khoma lam'mimba, limakhala ndi chipatala chokhala ndi vuto la mtima.

Kuphatikiza apo, lamanzere lamitsempha lamanzere losakanikirana ndi mtundu wa hyperdynamic wamagazi ndi kusokonekera kwa mtima m'gulu lino la odwala kumayambitsa kukhudzana kwakukulu kwazosokoneza pamtima pamitundu ya ventricular ectopic rhmitms yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, komanso michere yamitsempha yamagazi. Kuphwanya njira zoyeserera kukuwonetseredwa ndikuwonjezera ndikusintha kusinthasintha kwa gawo la QT pa ECG. Mwambiri, ichi ndi chifukwa chokwanira chodziwika bwino kuti kunenepa kwambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi chiwopsezo cha kufa mwadzidzidzi kwamtima wamtima - malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, mwa nthawi 740!

Metabolic Syndrome ndi Coronary Ngozi

Kafukufuku wakale wa Framingham adawonetsa mgwirizano wapakati pa insulin kukana, hyperinsulinemia, matenda oopsa, kunenepa kwambiri, hypertriglyceridemia ndi cholesterol yotsika HDL yokhala ndi njira za atherogene. Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi metabolic syndrome, chiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi matenda a mtima ndi matenda a mtima katatu, komanso kuwonjezereka kwakukulu (10%) pangozi yakufa kwa mtima.

Kuphatikizidwa kwa zinthu zowopsa zomwe zimadziwika ndi metabolic syndrome kuzungulira minofu insulin kukaniza kumapangitsa kuzungulira koyipa komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi zovuta zamtima. Mbali ina yosiyanitsa ndi metabolic syndrome ndikuti, ngati ilipo, kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo cha coronary kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi matenda aliwonse omwe amagwirizana ndi atherosulinosis.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti malo awa amakanidwa ndi akatswiri ambiri, ofufuza ena akuwona kuti kukhalapo kwa metabolic syndrome mu kulosera kwamtengo kumafanana ndi zomwe zimapanga payekhapayekha. Akatswiri awa akuwunikira kufunika kwa kuchuluka kwa zochita za metabolic syndrome, komanso kusuta fodya. Pakadali pano, ntchito yofunafuna mgwirizano ikupitirirabe, yomwe sikuti imachepetsa kufunikira kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, poganizira kuuma kwake.

Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi malipoti ena, odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda oopsa kapena osachepetsa insulin, ngakhale ataphatikizidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri, chiopsezo chokhala ndi vuto la coronary ndi 5-10%, pomwe metabolic syndrome pakati pa anthu poyambapo akudwala matenda oopsa kapena matenda ashuga 2- mtundu, mulingo wake ndiwokwera katatu, ndiko 25-30%.Ndizomveka kuti ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chotere, 60% ya odwala omwe ali ndi metabolic syndrome ali ndi matenda a mtima.

Chiwopsezo cha Coronary ndichulukirachulukira chifukwa cha Hypercoagulation syndrome yokhala ndi metabolic syndrome. Mu metabolic syndrome yokhala ndi matenda oopsa, magwiridwe antchito a mapulateleti nthawi zambiri amasintha m'njira yowonjezereka yomatira komanso kuphatikiza mphamvu, kukulitsa kamvekedwe ka masisitimu amanjenje kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa hematocrit. Momwemo, mamasukidwe amwazi amawonjezeka, omwe amathandizira ku thrombosis pamalo owonongeka a endothelium a coronary artery. Kuthamanga kwa mtima komanso kuwonjezereka kwa ntchito ya myocardium pansi pa zochitika zachifundo kumathandizira kuwonongeka kwa malo a atherosselotic, omwe amachititsa pachimake coronary syndromes.

Chifukwa chake, kugwira ntchito ndi wodwala yemwe ali ndi metabolic syndrome kumaphatikizapo kusanthula mozama za zikhalidwe zamalingaliro ndi cholinga kuti muzindikire zizindikiro za matenda a mtima. Kufunika kwa kusanthula koteroko kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwake ndi njira zamankhwala zomwe sizingatheke sizingachitike mopitirira muyezo, makamaka popeza kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa vuto la coronary kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuopsa kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za matendawa, motsogozedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol ya HDL ndi cholesterol ya LDL matenda amtima, komanso zinthu zosatheka.

Kodi metabolic syndrome ndi chiyani?

Metabolic syndrome ndi chikhalidwe chodziwika ndi kuphatikiza kwa zizindikiro, makamaka Zitatu kapena kupitilira izi zachitika:

Kunenepa kwambiri, i.e. chozungulira chimadutsa masentimita 102 mwa amuna ndi 88 cm mwa akazi,
Matenda oopsa, i.e. kuthamanga kwa magazi pamtunda wa 130/80 mm Hg,
Kukana insulini, i.e. kusala shuga m'magazi kuposa 110 mg / dl,
HDL cholesterol ("Zabwino") pansipa 35 mg / dl mwa amuna ndi 40 mg / dl mwa akazi,
Triglycerides pamimba yopanda kanthu kuposa 150 mg / dl.

Kutengera ndi njira zodziwira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa metabolic syndrome, palinso kuwonjezereka kwa kuchuluka kwa uric acid m'magazi komanso kupezeka kwa chiwindi chamafuta.

Amayambitsa - Source of Metabolic Syndrome

Mwambiri insulin kukana Amadziwika ngati chifukwa chofala cha metabolic syndrome.

Kukana insulini kuwonetsedwa ndi kuchepa mphamvu ya zotumphukira zimakhala kwa insulin, ndikuwona momwe:

Hyperglycemia: maselo osagwirizana ndi insulini amatha kutaya magazi, glucose amakhala m'mwazi nthawi yayitali ndipo magazi othamanga amakhala osakwana 110 mg / dl,
Hyperinsulinemia: kusowa kwa glucose m'maselo ndi chisonyezo cha kapamba kuti achulukitse katemera wa insulin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo cha timadzi timeneti chikhale m'magazi.

Hyperglycemia imalimbitsa thupi kuwonjezera kukonzanso kwamadzi mu impso, komwe kumafunikira kuchepetsa glucose m'magazi. Kuwonjezeka kwa gawo lamadzi m'magazi kumatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mtima, komwe ndiko maziko a chitukuko cha matenda oopsa. Hypertension imawononga makoma amitsempha yamagazi, makamaka gawo la endothelial, lomwe limalumikizana mwachindunji ndi magazi.

Hyperglycemia, imatha kukulitsa cholesterol ya HDL, yomwe imayikidwa mkati mwa zotupa za endothelial, ndikupangitsa dongosolo la atherosclerosis.

Mwanjira imeneyi kukana insulini kumayambitsa hyperglycemia, yomwe imawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi cholesterol, yomwe imayambitsa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis, chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zambiri zaumoyo.

Zizindikiro - kuchokera chete kufikira zovuta

Metabolic syndrome ndi matenda opanda kanthu, m'lingaliro loti palibe zizindikiro zomwe zingasonyeze bwino kukula kwa matendawa. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kumvapo za wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a metabolic omwe samadziwa za kukhalapo kwa matendawa.

Njira yokhayo yomwe mungadziwire ngati mukuvutika ndi metabolic syndrome ndi pitani kuchipatala pafupipafupi kuti muone magazi ndi kuyesa kwa magazi kwa LDL ndi HDL cholesterol, glucose, triglycerides ndi uric acid.

Urinalysis imathandizanso chifukwa microalbuminuria (kukhalapo kwa albumin mu mkodzo) ndiye chizindikiro choyamba chakulephera kwa impso.

Zizindikiro zazikulu zimawonekera pokhapokha zovuta zitayamba. Mwachitsanzo, hyperglycemia ikayamba kukhala shuga wampweya wabwino wambiri, polyuria (pafupipafupi diuresis), polydipsia (kufunika kambiri kumwa madzi), kusawona bwino.

Zowopsa zomwe zingapangitse vutoli kukulirakulira

Ndizosavuta kumvetsetsa kuti matenda awa amawonjezera moyo wa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a metabolic ndikuwonjezera kufa. Kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi asayansi aku Finland akuwonetsa kuti odwala omwe ali ndi metabolic syndrome ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka katatu cha kufa mkati mwa zaka 10 poyerekeza ndi anthu athanzi.

Kuopsa kwathanzi kudzakulirakulira pamene ziwopsezo za mtima ziwonjezeka:

zaka zopitilira 50, kudziwiratu kwamatenda oyamba ndi matenda a mtima, amuna ndi akazi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha azimayi)
kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri, kusuta ndudu, kumangokhala, kumwa mowa, kupsinjika, ndi zinthu zomwe zitha kuopsa.

Zotsatira za metabolic syndrome

Chachikulu mavuto a kagayidwe kachakudya matenda ndi:

mtundu 2 shuga
mtima, mtsempha wamagazi, ndi matenda aubongo
aakulu aimpso kulephera

Zinthu zazikuluzikulu za metabolic syndrome ndizotsutsana ndi insulin komanso hyperglycemia. Ngati zinthu ziwirizi zimagwira thupi kwanthawi yayitali, makamaka pa kagayidwe kazakudya, ndiye kuti muli ndi mwayi wokumana ndi matenda ashuga okhazikika.

Matendawa, matendawa amathanso kutero khungu, zovuta zamagazi, mavuto mu zotumphukira mantha dongosolo, aimpso kulephera, ndi matenda amtima.

Kukana kwa insulin kumapangitsa kukula kwa dyslipidemia (kuchuluka kwa LDL cholesterol komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa HDL), yomwe imathandizira kukulitsa kwa atherosulinosis: cholesterol yowonjezera m'magazi imayikidwa m'mitsempha yamagazi, kotero kuti lumen yamitsempha imacheperachepera ndipo, pomaliza, imatseka.

Izi zikachitika, amadzuka ischemia, omwe amatha kudwala matenda a mtima ngati akukhudza mitsempha ya m'mimba, kapena sitiroko ngati mitsempha ya ubongo yasokonekera. Cholesterol owonjezera amalowa m'chiwindi ndi kukhazikika pamenepo, zomwe zimapangitsa mafuta kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto la metabolic ali ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndende ya plasma uric acidzomwe zitha kutsogolera gout.

Kuphatikizana kunapezekanso pakati pa metabolic syndrome ndi psoriasis komanso pakati kagayidwe kachakudya matenda osiyanasiyana mitundu yotupa.

Kupewa ndi njira yayikulu yothandizira

Zofunika Zakudya zochepa zopatsa mphamvu, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa thupi, komanso kusintha shuga m'magazi, cholesterol ndi triglycerides.

Zakudya zamtunduwu zimapereka mankhwala kudya tsiku lililonse kwa 1200-1600 kcal, kutengera machitidwe a munthu komanso kusungabe muubwenzi wa mfundo zina za zakudya.

Mu Zakudya ziyenera kuchepetsedwa mcherekuti muchepetse kupanikizika.

Chofunika kwambiri zolimbitsa thupi, popeza zimatithandizira kuthamangitsa njira yochepetsera kunenepa komanso kuchepetsa insulin kukokana ndi minofu ya minofu, chifukwa maselo am'mimba amatha kuyamwa glucose popanda kutenga nawo insulin pokhapokha mutachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Ndikofunikira kupewa kusuta ndudu komanso kumwa mowa, kuchepetsa nkhawa za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Tanthauzo la matendawa. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Metabolic syndrome (Reaven syndrome) ndi chizindikiro chophatikiza kunenepa kwam'mimba, kukana insulini, hyperglycemia (shuga yayikulu magazi), dyslipidemia, ndi matenda oopsa oopsa. Matenda onsewa amalumikizidwa mumtambo umodzi wa pathogenetic. Kuphatikiza apo, matenda oterewa nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi hyperuricemia (kuchuluka kwa uric acid m'magazi), kuchepa kwa magazi kwa hemostasis (kugunda kwa magazi), kutupa kwakanthawi, kugona kugona kwa apnea-hypopnea (kupumula kwa kugona mu tulo).

Metabolic syndrome ndi matenda osachiritsika, ofala (mpaka 35% mwa anthu aku Russia), matenda a polyetiological (omwe amapezeka pazifukwa zambiri), momwe mikhalidwe yamakhalidwe (hypodynamia, kuperewera kwa chakudya, kupsinjika) imatenga gawo lalikulu. Kukhazikika kwa cholowa cham'thupi, matenda omwe amadalira matendawa ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 ndikofunikira.

Ndikofunikira kuti akatswiri azachipatala azindikire gulu lowopsa la metabolic syndrome. Gululi limaphatikizapo odwala omwe ali ndi zisonyezo zoyambirira za matendawa ndi zovuta zake: ochepa matenda oopsa, kusintha kwa chakudya chamthupi, kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuwonjezeka kwa chakudya, matenda amkati amitsempha, matenda opatsirana a m'mitsempha, matenda amkati a purine metabolism, matenda amafuta a chiwindi, polycystic ovary syndrome, nthawi ya postmenopausal akazi ndi erectile kukanika kwa amuna, kulephera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, kusuta fodya, mavuto amtundu wa mtima ndi metabolic matenda.

Zizindikiro za metabolic syndrome

Mawonetseredwe azachipatala a kagayidwe kachakudya amagwirizana ndi zofunikira za zigawo zake:

kunenepa kwam'mimba,
ochepa matenda oopsa
kusintha kwa chakudya chamafuta, lipid ndi purine metabolism.

Ngati kusintha kwa zigawo za Reaven syndrome kumakhala kachilengedwe (komwe kumakhala kofala), ndiye kuti matendawa ndi asymptomatic.

Pathogenesis wa metabolic syndrome

Kukana kwa insulin ndi chifukwa chachikulu chakukula kwa metabolic syndrome. Ndikuphwanya kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa glucose mu ziwalo zomwe mukufuna (minofu yolimba, lipocytes ndi chiwindi) zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa insulin. Kukana kwa insulini kumachepetsa mayamwidwe ndikulowa kwa glucose m'matumbo am'matumbo, kumalimbikitsa lipolysis ndi glycogenolysis, komwe kumabweretsa kusintha kwa lipid ndi carbohydrate. Kuphatikiza apo, kukana insulini kumapangitsa kuti insulini itulutsidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala mwamphamvu (endathoine, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone) ndi kupangika kwa matenda oopsa, kuphwanya kwina kwa kagayidwe kazakudya, kuperewera, kuperewera. Kusintha kumeneku, kumathandizira kukana insulini, kukulitsa "ozungulira" wa pathogenetic.

Gulu ndi magawo a kukula kwa kagayidwe kachakudya matenda

Palibe gulu lomveka bwino la metabolic syndrome. Kugawidwa kwake ndi olemba ena kwathunthu, kuphatikizapo magawo onse a matendawa, ndipo osakwanira akuwoneka kuti ndi osathandiza. Ngakhale izi, kuopsa kwa zizindikiro, kuchuluka kwa magawo a matenda a Reaven syndrome komanso kupezeka kwa zovuta kumakhudza kusintha kwa chiopsezo komanso kusankha kwa njira zamankhwala wodwala wina. Kuti muchite izi, taganizirani izi:

kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda oopsa,
kuopsa kwa kusintha kwa kagayidwe kachakudya,
kukhalapo kapena kusowa kwa matenda a shuga ndi matenda ogwirizana ndi atherosulinosis.

Kutengera ndi index ya body mass (BMI), yomwe imawerengedwa ndikugawa kulemera (kg) kutalika (m 2), mitundu yotsatirayi ya misa (MT) imatchulidwa:

Kulumikizana kwapakati pa metabolic syndrome ndikusintha kwa metabolism ya carbohydrate. Mafuta a glucose amayesedwa m'magazi a capillary (muyezo 1
akazi > 1.2Mwamuna > 1
akazi > 1.2Mwamuna > 1
akazi > 1.2Mwamuna > 1
akazi > 1.2 Triglycerides≤1,7≤1,7≤1,7≤1,7 XC
osakhala HDL≤4,3≤3,8≤3,3≤2,6 Chidziwitso:
OH - cholesterol yathunthu,
LDL-C - otsika kachulukidwe lipoprotein cholesterol,
HDL-C - lipoprotein cholesterol yapamwamba kwambiri,
Cholesterol Yopanda HDL - cholesterol yopanda lipoprotein
kukwera kwambiri.

Mavuto a kagayidwe kachakudya matenda

Popeza metabolic syndrome ndi kuphatikiza zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima ndi kagayidwe kachakudya, ndimagulu awa omwe ndi zovuta zake. Tikukamba makamaka za matenda a shuga, matenda a mtima ndi matenda awo: matenda ashuga angio-, neuro- ndi nephropathy, kuperewera kwa mtima, kuchepa kwa mtima, kusungunuka kwa mtima komanso kupatsirana, kufa kwadzidzidzi kwamtima, matenda amitsempha yamagazi ndi matenda amitsempha yamagazi. . Kupita patsogolo kwa matenda oopsa kumapangitsanso kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zomwe zikulimbana ndi zovuta zamankhwala.

Chithandizo cha Metabolic Syndrome

Chithandizo cha kagayidwe kachakudya matenda agawidwe osagwirizana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala Reaven syndrome amatanthauza kukhalabe ndi moyo wathanzi, kusiya kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino magalimoto, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino chakudya, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu zachilengedwe komanso kusinthika kwa thupi (kutikita minofu, kusamba kwamadzi, hypoxic therapy ndi hypercapnia, hydrotherapy, thalassotherapy, balneotherapy - ndi ther Momapy, kuthira kwamkati kwamadzi amchere, zotsatira zamagetsi zamagetsi), maluso othandizirana ndi maupangiri.

Mankhwala metabolic syndrome, kutengera ndi kukhalapo kwa chimodzi kapena china chake cha zinthu zake, zitha kuphatikizira kuchepa kwa lipid, antihypertensive mankhwala, mankhwala ochepetsa kukana kwa insulin, postprandial hyperglycemia ndi kulemera.

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda oopsa mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Reaven syndrome ndi matenda a shuga ndi angiotensin-atembenuza enzyme inhibitors, sartan ndi imidazoline receptor agonists. Komabe, pofuna kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuphatikiza mitundu ingapo yamankhwala, monga okhalitsa osachepera calcium blockers blockers, osankha kwambiri a beta-blockers ndi thiazide-ngati diuretics (indapamide) kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala oyambira, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofunikira.

Kuwongolera zovuta za lipid metabolism mu metabolic syndrome, ma statins amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambirira, mwina kuphatikiza kwawo ndi ezetrol ndi fibrate. Njira yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito ma statins ndi kuchepa kwa kaphatikizidwe ka OX chifukwa chosinthanso kubwezeretsanso kwa enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase. Zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa ma receptor a LDL-C padziko hepatocyte komanso kuchepa kwa ndende ya LDL-C m'magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, ma statins ali ndi zotsatira zosangalatsa, monga antithrombogenic, anti-yotupa, ndi kusintha kwa ntchito ya endothelial, komwe kumayambitsa kukhazikika kwa zolembera za atherosselotic. Ma statins amakono amatha, pamodzi ndi kuchepa kwa LDL-C mpaka 55%, kuchepetsa triglycerides mpaka 30% ndikuwonjezera HDL-C mpaka 12%. Nthawi yomweyo, mwayi wofunikira wa mankhwala a statin ndikuchepetsa mavuto a mtima ndi kufa kwathunthu. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito atorvastatin (10-80 mg / tsiku) kapena rosuvastatin (5-40 mg / tsiku).

Ndi kusagwira ntchito kwa statin monotherapy, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera ezetrol pa 10 mg / tsiku, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa OH m'matumbo ndipo zimatha kuwonjezera kuchepa kwa LDL-C ndi 15-20%.

Ziphuphu ndi gulu lina la mankhwala ochepetsa lipid. Amaphwanya tinthu tokhala ndi mafuta tokhala ndi triglycerides, amachepetsa kaphatikizidwe wamafuta amafuta achilengedwe ndikuwonjezera HDL-C poonjezera kuwonongeka kwa LDL. Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa triglycerides (mpaka 50%), LDL-C (mpaka 20%) komanso kuchuluka kwa HDL-C (mpaka 30%). Fibates imakhalanso ndi zotsatira zosangalatsa: kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa uric acid, fibrinogen ndikusintha kumva kwa insulin, koma phindu lawo pazotsatira za odwala silinatsimikizidwe. Mankhwala othandiza komanso otetezeka kwambiri m'gululi ndi fenofibrate 145 mg / tsiku.

Kuchepetsa kukana kwa insulini, mankhwala osankhidwa ndi metformin, omwe amatsimikiziridwa kuti amathandiza kukonzekera minyewa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucose chifukwa cha zomwe tikufuna kuchita. Metformin imachepetsa kuyamwa kwa chakudya m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, imakhala ndi vuto lozungulira la anorexigenic, imachepetsa kupanga kwa chiwindi, ndikuwongolera mayendedwe a glucose mkati mwa maselo. Zotsatira zabwino za metformin (1500-3000 mg / tsiku) pamapeto ndi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin, zotsatira zoyipa za metabolic (kuchepa kwa thupi, kusokonezeka kwa lipid, zinthu zosagwirizana, ndi zina).

Kuchepetsa postprandial hyperglycemia, acarbose amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amatchinga ma glucoamylase, sucrose ndi zotupa m'matumbo aang'ono apamwamba. Zotsatira zake, chakudya chamafuta osaphatikizika chimafikira m'matumbo am'munsi, ndipo mayamwidwe am'madzi amayamba nthawi yayitali. Komabe, acarbose adawonetsa zowonjezera. Kafukufuku wa STOP-NIDDM (2002) mwa odwala omwe ali ndi metabolic syndrome amatenga acarbose pa mlingo wa 300 mg / tsiku adawonetsa kuchepa kwa chitukuko cha matenda a shuga ndi 36%, milandu yatsopano ya matenda oopsa ndi 34%, komanso kuchuluka kwa zochitika zamtima ndi 46%.

Ngati wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a Reaven ali ndi matenda a 2 a shuga, makalasi amakono a mankhwala a hypoglycemic angagwiritsidwe ntchito, monga glucagon-peptide-1 analogue, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, ndi mtundu wa 2 glucose transporter inhibitor. Woimira kalasi yomaliza ya empagliflozin (Jardins) mu kafukufuku wa EMPA-REG OUTCOME (2016) adachepetsa kufa kwa mtima ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a 2 a 2 ndi 36%.

Kuwongolera kwa mankhwalawa kunenepa kwambiri kumasonyezedwa ngati chithandizo chosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala sikubweretsa kuchepa kwa thupi ndi oposa 5% kuchokera koyambirira. Mankhwala othandizira kunenepa kwambiri amagawidwa kukhala anoretics apakati (sibutramine), ndi mankhwala omwe amakhudza m'mimba, monga orlistat (Xenical).

Mankhwala ochepetsa kulakalaka, sibutramine, mpaka pang'ono amakhudza njira za dopamine ndi cholinergic, koma amachepetsa kudya zamafuta ndi chakudya chamagulu, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonda komanso zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala ndi mafuta. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuthamanga kwa mtima nthawi yomweyo kumachuluka ndi 5% yokha.

Orlistat imalepheretsa chapamimba ndi pancreatic lipases, chifukwa chomwe gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chakudya triglycerides silingatengeke ndikuyang'anitsitsa kwawo m'magazi kumatsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwa zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu komanso kulemera. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthamanga kwa magazi, glucose ndi insulin kukana kumachepetsedwa.

Muzochita zamankhwala, mankhwalawa a metabolic syndrome amatengera kukhalapo ndi kuopsa kwa zigawo zake. Gome ili pansipa likuwonetsa njira zamomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito njira zosankhira mitundu ya matenda a Reaven syndrome omwe amakhala ambiri.

Zoyambitsa Metabolic Syndrome

Zoyambitsa zazikulu za metabolic syndrome zimawonedwa kuti ndizochita zamtundu wa wodwalayo kukana insulin, kumwa kwawo kwambiri mafuta komanso kusowa kwa magalimoto.

Udindo waukulu pakukula kwa matendawa ndi kutsutsa insulin. Hormona iyi mu thupi la munthu imayang'anira ntchito zambiri zofunika, koma cholinga chake chachikulu ndikumangiriza ma receptors omvera, omwe amapezeka mu membrane wa khungu lililonse. Pambuyo pa kulumikizana koyenera, njira yonyamula glucose mu cell imayamba kugwira ntchito. Insulin ndiyofunikira kuti mutsegule "zipata zolowera" izi za shuga. Komabe, zolandilira zikapanda kukhala ndi insulini, shuga sayenera kulowa mu cell ndikudziunjikira m'magazi. Kuchulukana kwa insulin m'magazi kumachitikanso.

Chifukwa chake, zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa metabolic syndrome ndi:

Kutengera kwa chibadwa cha insulin

Anthu ena ali ndi vuto lotere kuyambira pobadwa.

Kusintha kwa jini pa chromosome ya 19 kumabweretsa mavuto otsatirawa:

Maselo sadzakhala ndi ma receptor okwanira omwe amamvera insulin,

Pakhoza kukhala zolandirira zokwanira, koma alibe chidwi ndi insulin, chifukwa chomwe glucose ndi chakudya zimayikidwa mu minofu ya adipose,

Kusatetezeka kwaumunthu kumatha kupanga ma antibodies omwe amatchinga ma insulin-receptors,

Insulin yachilendo imapangidwa ndi kufinya kwamkati mwa ziwiya za thupi zomwe zimayambitsa kupanga mapuloteni a beta.

Pali masinthidwe pafupifupi 50 amtundu wa jini omwe angayambitse kukana insulini. Asayansi ali ndi lingaliro kuti chidwi cha insulin mwa anthu chatsika chifukwa cha chisinthiko, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti thupi lake lipirire bwino njala yakanthawi. Amadziwika kuti anthu akale nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi vuto la chakudya. Masiku ano, zonse zasintha kwambiri. Zotsatira zakudya kwambiri zamafuta ndi ma kilocalories, kuchuluka kwa mafuta a visceral kumachitika ndipo metabolic syndrome imayamba. Kupatula apo, munthu amakono, monga lamulo, samakumana ndi vuto losowa chakudya, ndipo amadya zakudya zamafuta kwambiri.

Mankhwala mankhwala a metabolic syndrome

Ngati dokotala akukhulupirira kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, osakana kusintha moyo wanu, womwe ungafulumizitse kuchira ndikuchepetsa mulingo wa mankhwala.

Mankhwala okhazikitsidwa ndi adotolo amadalira milandu yeniyeni: mankhwala a insulin kapena hypoglycemic kukonza shuga m'magazi, ma statin kuti muchepetse cholesterol, okodzetsa kapena oletsa beta kuti achepetse magazi.

Zowonjezera ndi omega 3, yomwe imachepetsa cholesterolemia ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi, potero imachepetsa chiopsezo chodwala mtima ndi sitiroko.

Kukula kwa zakudya zamafuta ambiri

Mafuta akudya okwanira mafuta achilengedwe amaposa mphamvu ya thupi kuyipanga ndi kuiphatikiza, ndiye kuti kunenepa kwambiri kumayamba kukula ndi kupita patsogolo. (wererengenso: Kunenepa kwambiri - kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri ndi zomwe zimayambitsa)

Mafuta ochulukitsidwa amakhudza kwambiri ma phospholipids omwe amapezeka mu cell membrane, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa kapangidwe kawo. Zotsatira zake, glucose samatha kulowa mu cell mwachizolowezi. Komanso, musayiwale za nthawi yomwe mafuta amakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chakudya komanso mapuloteni. Mtengo umasiyanasiyana kuposa nthawi ziwiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati 1 g yamafuta ili ndi 9 kcal, ndiye kuti mapuloteni ndi chakudya ndi 4 kcal yokha. Ndizomveka kuti thupi la munthu limayimilira ma kilocalories owonjezerawa omwe amachokera muzakudya zamafuta.

Hypodynamia

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ochepa ndi chifukwa chinanso cha kukula kwa metabolic syndrome. Ngati munthu sasuntha kwambiri, amachepetsa njira yogawa mafuta kukhala lipases, kuwonjezera apo, triglycerides yochulukirapo imasungidwa mu adipose ndi minofu minofu, ndipo glucose amalowa minofu yaying'ono. Zotsatira zake, metabolic syndrome imayamba.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala ena amathandizira kuti munthu azikula kwambiri.

Mwa zina mwa mankhwalawa:

Ma antipsychotic (clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone),

Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi (sulfonylureas, glitazones),

Anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, valproic acid),

Ma Adrenergic blockers (Beta ndi Alfa),

Njira zakulera za hormonal (gestagens).

Izi ndi zifukwa zinayi izi (kutengera kwa ma genetic, kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi, kuperewera kwa thupi, komanso mankhwala) zomwe zikuwongolera kupangika kwa metabolic syndrome.

Komabe, ndizotheka kudziwa padera paziopsezo zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko:

Amuna

Kugwiritsa ntchito zizolowezi zoipa,

Kupsinjika kwanthawi yayitali pathupi,

Matenda ena (Werner syndrome, insulin kukana matenda, Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome).