Mtundu woyamba wa shuga: kudya ndi kuchiza matendawa malinga ndi malamulo

Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, onse mwana ndi wamkulu ayenera kulingalirananso machitidwe awo akudya komanso moyo wawo. Gawo lofunikira la kupewa ndi kudya zakudya zabwino popanda zakudya zamasamba pamenyu. Tilankhula za zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, matenda ake ndi zovuta zake munkhaniyi.

Ichi ndi chiyani

Type 1 shuga mellitus amatanthauza mtundu wamatenda omwe amadalira insulin omwe amayamba ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa ndi autoimmune. Nthawi zambiri, matenda amtunduwu amawonekera mwa akulu mpaka zaka 30, chifukwa cha chibadwa. Kuphatikiza pa chinthu chobadwa nacho, palinso zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.

Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu za matenda amtundu woyamba a shuga ndi ludzu losalekeza, kukoka pafupipafupi, kunenepa, pomwe kulakalaka kudya kumakhalabe kwabwino ndipo munthu amadya kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyabwa pakhungu kumatha kupezeka.

Monga njira zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a shuga 1, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito njira zochizira, yomwe maziko ake ndi mankhwala a insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, amafunika kusintha zakudya ndi zakudya, motero, endocrinologist ndi gastroenterologist amatenga nawo mankhwalawo. Mfundo zachakudya cha ana ndi akulu, komanso mndandanda wa sabata, tikambirana pansipa.

Khodi ya ICD-10

Type 1 shuga mellitus, kutengera gawo ndi kupezeka kwa zovuta, ali ndi ICD-10 code - E10-E14.

Matenda a shuga amapezeka makamaka pa chifukwa chimodzi chachikulu - chibadwa. Kutengera ndi kholo liti lomwe limadwala, mwayi wa matenda mwa ana ukhale wosiyana, mwachitsanzo:

1. Ngati mayi ali ndi matenda am'mimba, ndiye kuti matendawa angatenge matenda m'mwana mpaka 2%,
2. Ndi matenda a shuga a abambo, mwayi wa kudwala ndiwokwera - 4-6%,
3. Ngati zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za matendawa zikuwoneka mwa abale kapena mlongo wamagazi, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga ndichoposa 6%,

Kutsogolo kwachiwiri komwe kumayambitsa kuperekedwa ndi endocrinologists kumakhudzana ndi zotaya. Zowonjezereka:

• Ngati aliyense wa abalewo wapezeka mtundu 2 shuga,
• A virus pachimake kapena matenda opatsirana pamaso pa majini, mwachitsanzo, chikuku, rubella, chikuku mwa mwana kapena wamkulu, mamps, kachilombo ka Coxsackie, ndi zina zambiri.
• Kuwonongeka kwa ma cell a kapamba, omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale insulin, yomwe imapangitsa kusintha kwakukulu m'magazi a shuga. Pankhaniyi, ndizotheka kusintha magwiridwe a shuga posintha zakudya ndi zakudya.
• An autoimmune anomaly, chifukwa chomwe ma cell a pancreatic beta amawukiridwa ndi chitetezo chawo, chifukwa pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana amadziwika kuti ndi achilendo. Pankhaniyi, munthu amamulembera chithandizo chamankhwala.
• Kupsinjika kwanthawi yayitali komwe kumapangitsa kuchulukitsa kwa matenda a pathologies.
• Kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika ndi mankhwala ena, kumatenga nthawi yayitali ndi chemotherapy ya oncology.
• Kuchita ndi mankhwala owopsa. Chifukwa chake, shuga imatha kuchitika ngati poyizoni wa rat adalowetsedwa m'thupi.
• Kukhalapo kwa kutupa kumachitika mu kapamba, makamaka mu insulitis, kukanidwa mu chiwalo ichi.
• Kunenepa kwambiri chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri.

Nthawi zina, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 1 sizitha kutsimikizika. Awa ndi milandu yovuta kwambiri chithandizo, popeza chidziwitso cha pathogenic chimakhala ngati poyambira pothandiza mankhwalawa.

Gulu

Endocrinology imagawa mtundu woyamba wa shuga m'magulu awiri:

1. 1a - nthenda ya viral, yodziwika bwino kwa ana,
2. 1b ndiye mitundu yotchuka kwambiri pamene kutulutsidwa kwa ma antibodies ku insulocytes kukhazikika, ndichifukwa chake insulin imasiya kumasulidwa pafupifupi kwathunthu. Matenda ngati amenewa amapezeka mwa ana ndi achinyamata omwe sanakwanitse zaka 30.

Matenda a shuga a mtundu uliwonse amapezeka pafupifupi pafupifupi 50 aliwonse okhala padziko lapansi, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndimayendedwe a autoimmune, kutupa kapena idiopathic.

Zikuwoneka, matenda a pathological amadutsa magawo angapo a chitukuko:

• Matenda a shuga amatcha chiyambi kwambiri cha njira ya pathological pamene mkhalidwe waumoyo sukusintha mwanjira iliyonse, ndipo kuyesedwa kwa labotale ndikwabwinobwino,
• Mu mawonekedwe obisika Fotokozani za momwe mulibe zizindikiro, koma zitsanzo zamagazi a labotilo zimapereka kale shuga. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuyambitsa chithandizo panthawiyi, ndiye kuti mutha kuchita popanda kusintha zakudya ndi zakudya.
• Fomu yodziwikirayi imasiyanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro zakunja pomwe mbiri yachipatala imakhala yodziwika bwino.

Type 1 shuga mellitus amafanana ndi gulu malinga ndi madigiri, kutengera kuwuma kwa zizindikiro zake:

• Fomu yofatsa imatchedwa milandu komwe kulibe mawonekedwe akunja, koma pali zizindikiro zosokera pakuphunzira mkodzo ndi magazi,
• Kukhalapo kwa shuga mumkodzo ndi magazi amawonedwa ngati odziletsa. Pakadali pano, chizindikiro choyamba chimadziwika - kufooka, ludzu, kukodza pafupipafupi,
• Woopsa milandu, motsutsana ndi kuopsa kwa zizindikiro, matenda okhudzana ndi matenda ashuga komanso mavuto ena amthupi a amuna ndi akazi akhoza kuchitika.

Pafupifupi, maphunziro osachiritsika amafanana ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, komabe, pakakhala zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa, zimadutsa msanga kwambiri ndikuwonetsa zizindikiro zazikulu.

Tilembapo zinthu zazikuluzikulu:

1. Udzu wokhazikika, womwe umapangitsa madzi ambiri kapena madzi ena - mpaka 10 l patsiku!
2. Ngakhale kumwa kwambiri sikuchotsa pakamwa pouma.
3. Kuchepetsa kumachitika pafupipafupi, ngati kuti madzimadzi akudutsa m'thupi osatulutsa.
4. Kulakalaka kukuchulukirachulukira, munthu amafunikira zakudya zambiri ndipo nthawi zonse amamva njala.
5. Khungu lowuma komanso zimagwira pakhungu.
6. Popanda chifukwa chake kuyabwa pakhungu ndi zotupa zake zopweteka kumachitika mabala ang'onoang'ono.
7. Kugona kosokoneza.
8. Kuchepetsa magwiridwe, kutopa kwambiri.
9. Mwendo kukokana.
10. Ngakhale ndi chakudya chowonjezera, kulemera kwa thupi kumachepetsedwa.
11. Pali kuwonongeka kowonekera chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa kagayidwe kachakudya njira mu retina.
12. Nthawi zina pamakhala chikhumbo cha mseru ndi kusanza, pambuyo pake chimakhala chosavuta.
13. Kwambiri kuvuta.
14. Kusowa kwamkodzo usiku, komwe kumakhala kochepa mwa achikulire ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi ana.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga munthu wamkulu - amuna kapena akazi - mikhalidwe yomwe ili pachiwopsezo cha moyo ikhoza kupanga, yomwe imafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu. Chimodzi mwa izo ndi hyperglycemiashuga wamagazi akachuluka kwambiri, chomwe chitha kukhala chifukwa chophwanya zakudya ndi zakudya zomwe zimaperekedwa, mafuta ochulukirapo akakhala pa menyu.

Mu nthawi yayitali matendawa amakhala ndi zizindikiro zosakhazikika:

• Tsitsi limagwera pamutu, thupi, miyendo,
• Ma Xenatoms amawoneka, omwe ndi adipose, opangidwa chifukwa cha zovuta zam'magazi a lipid,
• Amuna, mitundu ya balanoposthitis, komanso mwa akazi, a vulvovaginitis, omwe ali ndi zovuta zotsutsana ndi maliseche.
• Chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhala chodwala, munthu amadwala chimfine pafupipafupi.
• Mafupa mafupa akuchepa chifukwa cha zovuta za metabolic, chifukwa, fractures amakhala pafupipafupi popanda chifukwa.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 ndi vuto lalikulu pakubala. Ngati mayi yemwe ali ndi matenda otere atenga pakati, amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala ndi endocrine mosamala kwambiri.

Zizindikiro

Kuzindikira koyenera kwa matenda amtundu wa 1 kumatheka pokhapokha ngati kafukufuku wa zasayansi a magazi ndi mkodzo. Kuphatikiza apo, maphunziro angapo apadera amalembedwa, omwe endocrinologist kapena gastroenterologist amasankha pamaziko a zotsatira za mayeso oyambira. Kuphatikiza apo, mukazindikira:

1. Mbiri yonse yachipatala ya wodwalayo imayang'aniridwa, moyenera ndikofunika kuwona mbiri yachipatala ndi abale a magazi - izi zimathandiza kuzindikira molondola zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa komanso momwe angachiritsire.
2. Ndikofunikira kuyesedwa kwathunthu ndikuwonetsetsa momwe khungu limapezekera komanso zimagwira pakhungu.
3. Mbiri yatsatanetsatane yowonjezera mbiri ya matendawa ndi nthawi yomwe zizindikiro zoyambirira zimawonekera, kuchuluka kwake kwakusintha pakapita nthawi, ndi zina zambiri.

Kwa diagnostics othandizira, zotsatira zake ndizofunikira:

• Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kambiri komwe kukuwonetsa kupezeka kwa zotupa,
• Kuyeza kwa shuga m'mimba yopanda kanthu (m'mawa),
• Mayeso a kulolera a glucose. Imachitika ndi kamwa yolumikizira ndipo imafunikira pazotsatira zosawoneka bwino za mayeso am'mbuyomu. Pamaso pakuwunikira, kukonzekera koyenera ndikofunikira,
• Kuyesa kwa hemoglobin wa Glycosylated,
• Urinalysis
• Kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi

Ngati mukukayikira kuwonongeka kwa kapamba, ndiye kuti maphunziro a chiwalochi omwe ali ndi ma ultrasound, kapena a CT ndi MRI, ndi omwe adayikidwa.

Ngati matendawo adatsimikizika ndipo wodwalayo akudwala matenda amtundu 1, ndiye kuti amakupatsirani chithandizo. Nthawi yomweyo, aliyense ali ndi chidwi ndi funso lomwe sililetsedwa - "Kodi ndizotheka kuchiritsa matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba ndikuchotsa kwamuyaya?»Tsoka ilo, chiritsani matenda awa zosatheka, ntchito yayikulu pakuchiritsaku ndikupanga thanzi la wodwalayo ndikupereka moyo wake mtengo wokwanira. Izi zimatheka ndi:

1. Ikani Insulin. Kusankhidwa kwa mlingo kumachitika payekhapayekha, zimatengera msinkhu wa wodwalayo ndipo zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana ngati munthu wamkulu kapena mwana amathandizidwa.
2. Zakudya zoyenera komanso kusintha kwa zakudya. Ndi mtundu wanji wa zakudya zomwe muyenera kutsata, zomwe sizingatheke kuphatikizidwa menyu, zimatsimikizika kutengera mkhalidwe wa munthu komanso kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga mwa iye.
3. Mitundu yapadera yamasewera. Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba sayenera kukhala pansi. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi pang'ono kwa ola limodzi patsiku kumathandizira kwambiri kupewa komanso kupewa matenda.

Chofunikira pakuchiritsidwaku ndi kukonzeka kwa abwenzi ndi abale chifukwa cha chikumbumtima cha wodwalayo komanso kudziwa momwe angaperekere chithandizo choyamba pankhaniyi, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito insulin, ndi zina zambiri.

Chithandizo Sikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera mankhwala achikhalidwe, popeza kulandira ngakhale zachilengedwe, koma zophatikizika kwambiri zimatha kuyambitsa, zomwe zimatha ndi zovuta zowopsa.

Zakudya za anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba ndiwofunikira kwambiri pazamankhwala. Zogulitsa zimasankhidwa ndi dokotala malinga ndi tebulo lapadera. Mukamalemba mndandanda wa tsiku limodzi kapena sabata, munthu ayenera kutsatira mfundo zotsatirazi:

• Patulani kwathunthu zinthu zopezeka ndi shuga monga zopangira uchi, shuga komanso zinthu zilizonse zomwe zingalowe.
• Zowonjezera pazakudya ziyenera kukhala mkate, chimanga, mbatata, zipatso zatsopano.
• Kuphatikiza pa kutsatira zakudya, muyenera kudya pang'ono osadya zakudya zambiri nthawi imodzi.
• Chepetsa mafuta a nyama (nyama, nsomba, mkaka).

Zakudyazo zimasankhidwa payekhapayekha, kotero palibe njira yoperekera malingaliro ena pazakudya za sabata.

Gome likuwonetsa chitsanzo cha menyu yazatsiku lililonse

Mavuto

Ngati zizindikiro sizinyalanyazidwa, ndipo chithandizo choyenera sichikuchitika, ndiye kuti matenda ashuwerere 1 amathera:

1. matenda ashuga ketoacidosis,
2. hyperosmolar coma
3. achina,
4. nephropathy
5. mavuto amawonedwe
6. mtima ischemia
7. sitiroko
8. zilonda zamkhungu zotupa za necrosis,
9. Kutayika kwa amayi apakati,

Kupewa

Njira zopewera matenda ashuga sizigawika. Kuwongolera thanzi la wodwalayo, ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira malamulo a moyo wathanzi:

• Siyani kusuta ndi kumwa mowa,
• Tsatirani zakudya ndi menyu
• Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala azithandizo kuyenera kuchitika limodzi ndi adokotala.
• Musalole kuti thupi lizikula kapena kuchepa kwambiri,
• Amayi amakonzekera bwino ndikukhazikitsa pakati,
• Kuthandizira pa nthawi yake matenda opatsirana komanso ma virus,
• Kalembetsani ndi endocrinologist ndikuwunikidwa nthawi ndi nthawi,

Kuzindikira kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga a mtundu 1 kumayenderana kwambiri ndi kutsatira malingaliro othandizira kupewa matenda amtunduwu omwe afotokozedwa munkhaniyi ndi zomwe adotolo adachita. M'mavuto akulu, pamakhala mwayi wakufa.

Mdani amayenera kudziwa payekha

Mankhwala, matenda a shuga amakhalanso m'magulu awiri (1 ndi 2), omwe ali ndi dzina wamba, koma njira ya mapangidwe, kakulidwe ndi zovuta zomwe zimadza ndizosiyana.

Glucose wolondola amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maselo mphamvu ndi njira zonse mthupi. Ntchitoyi imatayika yonse kapena gawo limodzi. Munthu sangathe kuchita popanda ma jakisoni a jakisoni, omwe amatenga gawo lalikulu pama metabolic metabol.

Ngati matendawa apezeka, ndiye kuti choyambitsa kulephera chitha kukhala matenda opatsirana ndi kapamba. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimayesera kuteteza thupi, koma si virus yomwe imapha, koma ma cell a beta ofunikira, amatenga ngati owopsa. Zomwe zimachitika sizikudziwika.

Zochita za antibody zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwakutaya kwa beta cell. Ngati amalimbikira ngakhale ndi gawo lachitatu, wodwalayo ali ndi mwayi wochepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulini kuchokera kunja ndi njira yoyenera yamankhwala.

Type 1 shuga mellitus ndi owopsa chifukwa shuga ambiri amapangidwa m'magazi, omwe khungu silingagwiritse ntchito mwa mawonekedwe ake osakwanira. Thupi sililandira mphamvu, kulephera kumachitika m'moyo wonse zomwe zimatha kubweretsa zovuta kapena kufa.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1 amafunikira insulin, koma ngati mulingo wake siwolondola, palinso chiwopsezo - kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumabweretsa glycemic coma (shuga yochepa), mlingo wosakwanira sungathe kusintha shuga.

Chifukwa chake, lembani 1 anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuphunzira momwe angawerengere molondola mankhwalawa ndikusunga shuga mkati mwa malire ovomerezeka kwa munthu wathanzi. Ndipo ngakhale zitakhala kuti miyeso yatengedwa, sipangakhale kulumpha. Kenako sipadzakhala chifukwa chokhalira ndi zovuta zazikulu, mndandanda womwe ndiwokulira mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga.

Kusiyana pakati pa mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri ndikuti matendawa amapezeka mwa anthu adakali aang'ono, kuyambira pa kubadwa mpaka zaka 35. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuchiza odwala matenda ashuga ochepa omwe samvetsetsa chifukwa chomwe zoletsa zimakhazikitsidwa komanso chifukwa chake jakisoni wofunikira umafunikira. Thupi lomwe likukula limafunikira mphamvu zochulukirapo kuti magwiritsidwe ntchito kosalala a machitidwe onse.

Chithandizo choyenera cha matenda a shuga 1

Odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti shuga imatha kuwongoleredwa komanso matendawa saloledwa kukhala alendo. Mosasamala za zaka zomwe matendawa adapezeka ndi matenda, mfundo yake ndi yofanana kwa aliyense:

1. Yang'anani zomwe zikulowa mkamwa mwanu. Mvetsetsani mfundo za zakudya zoyenera ndikusankha kudya limodzi ndi endocrinologist kapena wathanzi, poganizira zovuta zilizonse zaumoyo.
2. Lembani zolemba zamatumbo, zakudya, kuchuluka kwa digito pazida zopimira, Mlingo wa insulin.
3. Nthawi zonse onaninso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magawo 4 pa tsiku.
4. Khalani ndi moyo wokangalika ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.
5. Pezani katswiri yemwe ali ndi njira yoperekera mankhwala a shuga. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa mtundu wa mahomoni ndiosiyana ndipo mwina ungakhale wosayenera pankhani inayake.

Ngati kusankha kwa insulin ndi kuwerengera kwa muyezo wake munthawi yodziwika kuyenera kufikiridwa payekhapayekha, ndiye kuti zakudya zochizira matenda amtundu wa 1 zimangodalira msinkhu wa wodwalayo (mwana kapena wamkulu), pakusalolera payekha pazinthu ndi ndalama.

Ndikofunikira kuphunzira momwe zinthu zingapangidwire, pangani mndandanda wazomwe zimaloledwa kukhala ndi matenda ashuga.Ndikofunika kuyang'anira muyeso mu chakudya, chifukwa ngakhale zakudya zopatsa thanzi zochulukirapo zimabweretsa kupsinjika kwa chakudya. Gawo lililonse liyenera kulemedwa ndi kuwerengera kalori. Muyenera kugula miyeso yamagetsi yomwe imayeza kulemera kwa malonda mumagalamu.

Kusankha chakudya chamagulu 1 a shuga

Akatswiri a matenda ashuga nthawi zonse amalimbikitsa odwala kuti asinthe zakudya zina, zomwe zimawoneka ngati maziko othandizira matenda okoma. Vutoli likakhudzana ndi kadyedwe, ndiye kuti muyenera kupatula zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikula kwambiri m'moyo wanu.

Ngati kapamba atatulutsa insulini m'mavoliyumu ofunikira kuti asinthe mafuta onse, ndiye kuti palibe zovuta zazikulu. Koma kulumikizana uku mu metabolism ya carbohydrate kumangika ndipo sikungatheke kukonza shuga ochulukirapo mwachangu popanda mlingo woopsa wa mahomoni mu majekeseni.

Si odwala onse omwe amatha kuwerengera bwino insulin kapena yayitali kuti ailowetse komanso kuchuluka kwake. Ngati kapamba mwachilengedwe, njirayi imagwira ntchito ngati wotchi ndipo imangopereka gawo labwino, ndiye kuti munthu akhoza kulakwitsa powerengera ndi kubaya madzi ambiri kapena ocheperako.

Pali njira imodzi yokhayo - kuphunzira momwe mungasankhire zakudya zomwe sizimapatula kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'zakudya, ndikupanga mndandanda wa tsikulo, mutapatsidwa phindu la mbale makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kusankha pakati pa zakudya ziwiri:

1. Kusamala - endocrinologists adalembedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, poganiza kuti ndikofunikira kupatula mafuta osavuta (othamanga) pazakudya ndikungoganiza zopatsa zovuta, ndikuwaphatikiza ndi mapuloteni komanso mafuta. Zakudya zomanga thupi zovuta zimapereka shuga wofunikira, koma osatembenuza mwachangu, makoma am'mimba amatenga zinthu pang'onopang'ono, popanda kupanga kumverera kwa njala mwa munthu motalikirapo kuposa chakudya chambiri.
2. Carb-Yotsika - kutengera kupatula pazinthu zonse (zomanga thupi) zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga kapena zotsekemera. Kutsindika ndi mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Chinsinsi cha zakudya ndikuti mafuta ochepa omwe amalowa m'mimba, insulin yocheperako imafunikira kuti isinthe. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa jakisoni wa insulin kangapo.

Pali lingaliro - ngati si maselo onse a beta omwe adamwalira mu kapamba, ndimatenda oyenera, zimatha kusinthira kokha ku insulin yanu, ndikuchotsa kwathunthu kudalira jakisoni. Zakudya zamafuta zoyenera pang'ono osachulukitsa shuga, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mahomoni achilengedwe ndi okwanira kuti asinthe kukhala mphamvu.

Zakudya zonse ziwiri zimapangidwira kuchiza matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga, koma mfundo zake ndizosiyana.
Ngati maphikidwe oyenera amathandizira kuti zakudya zizikhala zosiyanasiyana komanso zosangalatsa, ndiye kuti carb yotsika sikumayesa kuyesa kudya zilizonse zokoma, kuchokera pazogulitsa zosiyanasiyana za anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Amakhulupirira kuti zinthu zonse zapadera zimasinthira lingaliro, koma osapatula shuga owopsa pakuphatikizika. Kuti mumvetsetse kusiyana pakati pa zakudya ndi kusankha zomwe muyenera kusankha, muyenera kuphunzira mfundo za chilichonse.

Zakudya zoyenera za shuga

Zakudya zoyenera zamagulu a shuga zimatchulidwanso 9 tebulo. Zakudya zina zimaphatikizidwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito kuti odwala matenda ashuga sangapindule, koma amangowonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Zakudya zoletsedwa zimagawidwa ngati michere yambiri ya glycemic, yomwe imasanduka shuga ndikuwonjezera thupi kwakanthawi kochepa. Kumva njala kumabwera msanga ndipo ubongo umafunikira gawo lina la chakudya, ngakhale kuti glucose samatengedwa ndi maselo.

Atatha kuphunzira momwe zinthu zingagulitsidwe, akatswiri othandizira zakudya, limodzi ndi endocrinologists, adalemba mndandanda wazinthu zoletsedwa zamtundu woyamba wa diabetes. Izi sizipindulitsa pachithandizo cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri.

Piritsi la matenda ashuga No. 9 limapereka lingaliro loti zakudya zotsatirazi siziyenera kulekedwera kuchokera muzakudya

• Maswiti aliwonse opanga mafakitale - chokoleti, maswiti, ayisikilimu, kupanikizana ndi shuga.
• Zinthu zophika buledi zopangidwa ndi ufa wa tirigu, mitundu iliyonse ya ma muffins, ma bun, ma cookie, ma cookie a gingerbread ndi zina zambiri. Zogulitsa zoterezi zimakhala ndi zosakaniza zingapo, kuwonjezera pa ufa, zotsekemera, mafuta, zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana zilipo.

Mndandanda wazakudya zovomerezeka zamtundu woyamba wa shuga ndizabwino kwambiri ndipo simuyenera kuchita mantha kuti wodwalayo amalandidwa chisangalalo chonse chamadya. Mukungofunika kuphunzira mndandandandawu ndikupanga menyu yosinthira sabata.

Mndandanda wazakudya zamasiku asanu ndi awiri

Pamafunika kulemera kwambiri, mphamvu yake imatha kukhala yapamwamba. Izi zimakambidwa bwino ndi endocrinologist. Zakudya zonse ziyenera kugawidwa m'magulu 6 - zofunikira 3 komanso zazing'ono. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya nthawi yomweyo, koma izi sizotsutsana ngati odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zina amapatuka pamndandanda.

Izi ndizosavuta kumvetsetsa kuti zakudya zamitundu mitundu 1 ndizosiyanasiyana. Choyamba mutha kupita kwa othandizira zakudya ndikupanga mndandanda wazakudya zoyenera kudya # 9 kwa mwezi umodzi. M'tsogolomu, mutha kupanga pawokha menyu, poyang'ana pamndandanda ndi matebulo azinthu za odwala matenda ashuga.

Zakudya zochepa za carb

Uwu ndi mtundu watsopano wa zakudya za anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Idasinthanso njira za kukhulupirika pama chakudya azovuta. Omwe amathandizira kudya zakudya zama carb otsika amakhulupirira kuti muyenera kuchotsa zakudya zazakudya zonse zokhala ndi shuga komanso zobisika.

• Kupatula malonda ogulitsa omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, chifukwa ali ndi zotsekemera zomwe zimapangitsa shuga.
• Zipatso zonse, zipatso, ndizoletsedwa,
• Chomwe chikutsimikizidwa kwambiri ndi mapuloteni ndi mafuta (masamba ndi nyama). Nyama, nsomba, nkhuku, tchizi, mazira, batala, zinthu zonse mkaka zimakhala maziko a menyu a matenda ashuga,
• Masamba ovomerezeka, koma si onse
• Mbewu zambiri zoletsedwa,
• Zakudya zonse za tirigu, zomwe zimaloledwa kudya moyenera, zakudya zamafuta ochepa.

Kusankhidwa kwa zakudya zinazake zamtundu woyamba wa shuga kuyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi adokotala, chifukwa kuwonjezera pa zovuta za kagayidwe kazakudya, munthu akhoza kukhala ndi zotsutsana zina. Koma kutsatira malamulo azakudya ndi malamulo ake ndiye chinsinsi cha thanzi la matenda ashuga.