Momwe mungachotsere matenda a shuga a 2 anthu osatha

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ofala pakati pa achinyamata ndi achikulire. Komabe, odwala ambiri ndi madokotala akufuna yankho la funso loti angachotsere matenda ashuga a 2 mpaka kalekale? Kuchita bwino kwa chithandizo kumatengera zinthu zambiri - kutalika kwa matendawo, zovuta zina, kugwira ntchito kwa kapamba.

Komabe, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi matendawa. Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti nthawi yoyambira 1980 mpaka 2016, anthu odwala matenda ashuga adakwera kuchoka pa 108 kufika pa 500 miliyoni. Mwa kuchuluka, kufalikira kwa matendawa kuyambira 1980 mpaka 2016 kwachuluka kuchokera pa 4.7 mpaka 8.5%. Wothamanga pantchito yopanga "matenda a shuga" ndi India (50.8 miliyoni), Russia sanapite patali, ndikutenga malo achinayi (miliyoni 9.6).

Kuphatikiza apo, 90% ya onse odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda. Pofuna kupewa kufalikira kwamatendawa, muyenera kudziwa komwe adachokera, zizindikilo, njira zamankhwala komanso njira zopewera.

Mitundu ya Matenda A shuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine. Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, kapamba wa kapamba, kapena ndendende, maselo ake a beta omwe amapanga insulin. Zotsatira zake, mahomoni amaleka kupangidwa kwathunthu, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a anthu kukuchulukirachulukira.

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala matenda amtundu woyamba wa ana, kukula kwake mu mibadwo yakale ndikosowa kwambiri. Therapy a matendawa amaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri monga yogwira ntchito, kadyedwe, kuwongolera ndende ya magazi m'magazi ndi insulin. Tsoka ilo, pakali pano ndizosatheka kuthetsa matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba, chifukwa thupi silingapangitse insulin payokha.

Ndi mtundu wa 2 endocrine pathology, insulin imapangidwa, koma pali kusokonezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito a ma cell omwe amazindikira timadzi timeneti. Zotsatira zake, shuga simalowetsedwa ndi maselo otumphuka ndipo amadziunjikira m'magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro wamba.

Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda umayamba mwa anthu opitirira zaka 45 omwe amakhala ndi moyo wopanda ntchito komanso / kapena onenepa kwambiri.

Mutha kuthana ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga, koma pamafunika kulimbikira komanso kupirira.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Anthu m'masiku amakono adayamba kukhala nthawi yayitali kuntchito mpaka madzulo, alibe nthawi yamasewera ndikuphika chakudya chopatsa thanzi. M'malo mwake, amakwera magalimoto amtundu uliwonse ndikudya mwachangu.

Pachifukwa ichi, matenda ashuga adadziwika kuti anali mliri wa zaka za zana la 21. Zinthu zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi monga izi:

1. Kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumayamba chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi zakudya, kusokonekera kwa ma horoni kapena mawonekedwe amilandu.
2. Kukhala ndi moyo wotsika ntchito zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri.
3. Gulu la zaka. Ndi mtundu woyamba wa shuga, mbadwo wachichepere umadwala, ndi mtundu 2 - okalamba.
4. Kudya zakudya zophika mkate, zamafuta omwe amakhala ndi shuga.
5. Kudziletsa. Ngati makolo akudwala matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti mwana wawo angatengenso matendawa.
6. Mavuto apakati kapena matenda ashuga, omwe amatsogolera pakupanga matenda amtundu wa 2.

Kuphatikiza apo, choyambitsa chitukuko cha matendawa chimatha kukhala kupatuka kwamphamvu m'thupi ngati chatsika ndi 2.2 kg ndi oposa 4.5 kg. Ndi kulemera kumeneku, mwana ali ndi mwayi wopanga ziwalo zake zamkati.

Zizindikiro ndi Matenda a shuga

Matenda a shuga amayambitsa kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zambiri, chifukwa chake, ali ndi zizindikilo zambiri, monga: ludzu ndi chikhumbo chosagwiritsika ntchito chothandizira ndizizindikiro zazikulu ziwiri za matenda. Kusokonezeka kwa chakudya chamagaya: kudzimbidwa, kutsegula m'mimba, kusanza, kusanza. Kutupa, dzanzi, ndi kulira kwa miyendo ndi mikono.

Zowonongeka (nthawi zina). Kutsika msanga kapena kuchuluka kwa thupi. Kuchiritsa kwa bala kwa nthawi yayitali. Kutopa nthawi zonse komanso chizungulire. Kumva kawirikawiri kwanjala.

Ngati munthu azindikira chimodzi mwazizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambapa, ayenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe angamupatse matenda ena. Kuchiza matenda osokoneza bongo a mtundu wachiwiri kungayambitse mavuto akulu:

1. Hypersmolar coma, yomwe imafuna kuchipatala mwachangu.
2. Hypoglycemia - kuchepa msanga kwa shuga m'magazi.
3. Retinopathy ndikutupa kwa retina chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zazing'onoting'ono.
4. Polyneuropathy ndikuphwanya kwamphamvu kwa miyendo yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ndi mitsempha yamagazi.
5. Matenda a Periodontal ndi matenda amkati am'mimba omwe amapezeka chifukwa chophwanya kagayidwe kazakudya komanso kayendedwe ka mitsempha yamagazi.
6. Erectile dysfunction (mwa amuna), kuthekera kwa mwadzidzidzi komwe kumasiyana 20 mpaka 85%.

Kusakhalapo kwa matenda a shuga kumayambitsa kupezeka kwa chimfine pafupipafupi komanso matenda opatsirana am'mimba kwambiri mwa anthu chifukwa chakuchepa kwa chitetezo chathupi.

Zomwe zimakhudza kupitilira kwa matendawa

Mankhwalawa matenda amtundu 2 zimatengera zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza kutha kuchira:

Zochitika za matendawa. Wodwala akapezeka ndi matendawa mwachangu, amalandira chithandizo mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, kuthekera kwa kuchira kwathunthu pankhaniyi ndi kwakukulu.

Kugwira kwa kapamba. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga ungathe kuchiritsidwa pokhapokha pancreatic parenchyma ikangosungidwa kuti igwire bwino ntchito. Ndi kukana kwa insulini, chiwalocho chimagwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso ndipo chimatsika msanga, chifukwa chidziwitso cha nthawi yake komanso chithandizo chamankhwala chimatha kusunga magwiridwe ake.

Kukula kwa zovuta. Ngati wodwalayo alibe matenda ashuga retinopathy (kutupa kwa retina), kulephera kwa impso, kapena vuto lamanjenje, ndiye kuti ali ndi mwayi wochiritsa matenda ashuga.

Pofuna kuti musayambitse matendawa ndikuletsa kutulutsa zovuta zazikulu, muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:

1. Sinthani moyo wanu. Ngati wodwalayo akhazikitsa cholinga chothana ndi matenda ashuga kwamuyaya, ndiye kuti ayenera kuyiwala za misonkhano yayitali pabedi ndipo, pomaliza, apite kukasewera. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kuyendera dziwe, kuthamanga m'mawa, kusewera masewera kapena kumangoyenda mphindi 30 patsiku.
2. Muyenera kuiwala za zakudya zopanda pake: zakudya mwachangu, maswiti, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, kusuta nyama ndi zakudya yokazinga. Zakudya zoyenera zimaphatikizapo kudya zamasamba ndi zipatso zosapsa, zopatsa mphamvu zamafuta, zamafuta ochepa komanso zamafuta ambiri.
3. Kusamalira zovuta mankhwala, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga kapena jakisoni wa insulin. Ndikofunikanso kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Chofunikira chodziwitsa kuchira kwa wodwalayo ndichotsimikiza ndi chiyembekezo chake. Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga, osachita bwino, amakhala ndi nkhawa.

Chifukwa chake, munthawi ya chithandizo cha wodwala, gawo lofunikira limachitika ndi kuthandizidwa ndi anthu omwe ali pafupi naye.

Njira Za Anthu Atsopano

Njira zochiritsira zosagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse limodzi ndi njira yayikulu ya chithandizo chitha kupereka chithandizo chodwala. Inde, ndizosatheka kukana mankhwala mulimonse, koma pamodzi ndi maphikidwe a wowerengeka mutha kukwaniritsa bwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala ambiri achilengedwe samangokhala ochepetsa shuga, komanso amathandizira chitetezo chamthupi. Pansipa pali maphikidwe ochepa osavuta omwe amathandiza kuthana ndi matenda:

1. Maula akuda amalepheretsa kukalamba msanga kwa thupi, kukonza chimbudzi komanso amathandizira kudzimbidwa. Hafu ya supuni ya tiyi yamkati ya zipatso iyenera kusakanizidwa ndi uchi (5 g). Osakaniza awa amadyedwa asanadye chakudya cham'mawa. Chithandizo chimatha kuyambira 1.5 mpaka miyezi iwiri. Ngati wodwalayo sasintha ndi uchi, muzigwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Pankhaniyi, maula okha ndi omwe amadya.
2. Mafuta a mandimu ali ndi zotsatira zabwino pakugwira ntchito kwa kapamba ndi chiwindi. Chinsinsi choterechi chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale pakubala mwana. Kuti muchite izi, mudzafunika mandimu (100 g), parsley (300 g), adyo (300 g). Pukusira izi ndi blitter kapena nyama chopukusira kuti muzimenye. Kenako imayikidwa mumtsuko wagalasi ndikuumirira milungu iwiri. Mankhwala otere ayenera kumwedwa katatu patsiku theka la ola musanadye.
3. Bitter vwende amachepetsa kwambiri shuga. Zoterezi sizovuta kupeza, koma zimakhala ndi phindu lalikulu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzidya 100 ga a vwende owawa tsiku lililonse, mosasamala kanthu za kudya.
4. Yerusalemu artichoke ndi "peyala m'dothi," monga anthu amanenera. Katundu wotereyu amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, zimakongoletsa njira zam'mimba ndipo zimakhala ndi mankhwala ofewetsa thukuta. Gwiritsani ntchito zipatso 2-3 patsiku, zonse ngati mbali ina ya mbale zina, komanso mosiyana.

Kuchiza ndi wowerengeka azitsamba kutha kuchitidwa onse akuluakulu ndi mwana. Chachikulu ndikudziwa za zovuta zomwe zingachitike, mwachitsanzo, ku uchi, komanso kupatula zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa zilala.

Kuphatikiza pazotsatira zomwe zapezedwa

Pambuyo pochiza matenda ashuga kupereka zotsatira zofunika kwa wodwalayo, ndiye kuti, shugayo yabwereranso kwina ndipo zizindikiro za matendawa zadutsa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala ndi boma. Kuti muchite izi, tsatirani malingaliro awa:

1. Nthawi ndi nthawi, yang'anani kuchuluka kwa shuga kwanu ndi mita ya shuga, makamaka ngati mumamvanso ludzu kapena ngati mwakulitsa thupi.
2. Sungani zakudya zoyenera popanda kudya mafuta ndi maswiti ambiri, chifukwa zimakhala ndi mafuta komanso chakudya chamafuta ambiri.
3. Limbani zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi, zitha kukhala chilichonse: Pilates, yoga kwa odwala matenda ashuga, kusambira ndi zina zambiri.
4. Muyenera kudya osachepera 5 patsiku, koma m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.
5. Kupsinjika kumakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa shuga.
6. Muzigona mokwanira, muzisinthananso ndi katundu.

Chifukwa chake, chithandizo cha matenda amtundu woyamba sichingathetse vutoli. Mankhwala amakono samadziwa momwe angagonjetsere mtundu woyamba wa matenda, koma chaka chilichonse amaulula zatsopano za matendawa. Mwina posachedwa, anthu azitha kuphunzira momwe angapewere matenda ashuga.

Pozindikira koyambirira komanso kulandira chithandizo munthawi yake, mutha kuyiwala za matenda a shuga a 2 kwa nthawi yayitali. Komabe, wodwalayo ayenera kudya zakudya zoyenera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga moyo wake wonse. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kukhumudwa kumakhudzanso matendawa, chifukwa chake ayenera kupewedwa. Kudziwa momwe mungachiritsire matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2, mutha kupewa zovuta zoyambitsa matendawa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti muli ndi moyo wokwanira.

Mfundo zoyenera kuchitira odwala matenda amtundu wa 2 zafotokozedwa muvidiyoyi.

Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga

Kwa zaka zambiri osalimbana ndi ma DIABETES?

Mutu wa Bungwe: “Mudzadabwitsidwa kuti kumakhala kovuta motani kuchiritsa matenda a shuga tsiku lililonse.

Musanachiritse matenda a shuga, muyenera kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa mawonekedwe ake. Masiku ano, pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana odwala matenda a shuga omwe amathandizira kupewa matenda, komanso kuthetsa zovuta zake.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda ashuga, iliyonse yomwe imafunikira chithandizo chake.

Mtundu 2 wopanda-insulin-wodziimira pawokha umapezeka mwa 90% ya milandu. Kodi ndingathetse matenda ashuga osatha? Kodi matenda angachiritsidwe bwanji?

Boris Ryabikin - 11/26/2016

Mpaka pano, palibe piritsi lamatsenga lomwe lingakuchiritseni matenda oyipa monga mtundu II matenda ashuga. Koma nthawi zambiri, kupanga zosintha zochepa chabe m'moyo wanu - mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri mwayi wokhala ndi matendawa ndikuchepetsa zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matendawa.

Matenda a 2 a shuga ndi amodzi mwa matenda omwe amafala kwambiri "mwa anthu opitilira 40+". Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa kwambiri, anthu opitilira 422 miliyoni padziko lonse ali ndi matenda ashuga. Ndipo ngati mulowa manambala, pali njira zambiri zosavuta, zomwe simungangoyiwala za shuga wambiri, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wabwino wopanda tsiku ndi tsiku insulin ndi glucometer.

"Mfundo zofunika zokhala ndi moyo wathanzi - zakudya zoyenera, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi, komanso kuchepetsa thupi - zimagwira ntchito bwino polimbana ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 monga mankhwala ambiri," anatero Sue McLaughlin, katswiri wazakudya, mutu wa maphunziro ndi maphunziro American Diabetes Association.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa mabungwe azaumoyo komanso US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, zidapezeka kuti anthu opitilira 5,000 omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 adasintha kwambiri mkhalidwe wawo poyambira Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi komanso kuyang'anira zakudya zanu.

Nayi malamulo osavuta 5 okuthandizani kuthana ndi matenda ashuga kamodzi:

Mankhwala a insulin

Mankhwala a insulin amafunikira mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, ndipo amafunikiranso ena matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri.

Pali njira ziwiri zamakono: Lantus ndi Levemir. Ichi ndi insulin yayitali. Sichichita kwa maola 8, monga Protafan (pafupifupi insulin), koma kwa tsiku lathunthu.

Insulin yamtunduwu imalowetsedwa pamilandu yotsatirayi:

• Sinthani shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu.
• Pewani kukula kwa matenda a mtundu 1 ngati pali mtundu 2.

• Tetezani kapamba ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta.
• Pewani chitukuko cha ketoacidosis, chomwe chitha kupha.

Mankhwalawa ali ndi nkhawa yochepa pa kapamba kuposa jakisoni wa insulin yokhazikika. Samagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti abweretsenso shuga mwachangu. Amachita pang'onopang'ono, koma amapereka zotsatira zabwino, chifukwa shuga amakhalanso mu nthawi yayitali. Kuti muchepetse shuga mwachangu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yochepa kwambiri.

Kodi ndi bwino kusankha pakati pa kukonzekera insulini? Mankhwala onse awiriwa - Lantus ndi Levemir - ndi omwe ali ndi insulin.

Lantus ikhoza kusungidwa kwa mwezi umodzi, ndipo Levemir kwa miyezi 1.5, makamaka chifukwa ndiotsika mtengo ndipo imatha kuchepetsedwa. Zovuta za Levemir ndikuti amafunika kumenyedwa kawiri patsiku, m'malo mwa imodzi akamagwiritsa Lantus.

Mbale

Anatumiza kwa 500-850 mg / tsiku mu 2-3 waukulu. Mankhwala ndikofunikira kuthana ndi kukana kapena kuwonjezera mphamvu ya insulin. Metformin imatsutsana mu:

• kuthekera kwakukulu kokuluka kwa impso kapena lactic acidosis,
• myocardial infaration
• Opaleshoni
• kugwiritsa ntchito ma radiopaque othandizira,
• hypoxia
• kapamba.

Ndi chisamaliro chachikulu, metformin imalembedwa:

1. ndi kulephera kwa mtima,
2. odwala okalamba
3. ndi chidakwa,
4. kuphatikiza ndi ma tetracyclines.

Mu 3 pakamwa, 25-100 mg patsiku musanadye. Izi ndizofunikira popewa kukhala ndi postprandial hyperglycemia.

Acarbose amatsutsana mu:

• zilonda zam'mimba
• kulephera kwa aimpso
• matumbo ochepa
• matenda amatumbo.