Momwe mungabayire insulin m'mimba: jakisoni wa mahomoni a shuga

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amasintha moyo wamunthu. Odwala omwe ali ndi insulin-yodziyimira payokha ya matenda amapatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba amakakamizika kubaya mahomoni. Momwe mungabayire insulin mu matenda ashuga, nkhaniyi ifotokoza.

Algorithm ya insulin yothandizira mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga 2

Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa mosavuta. Odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba komanso wachiwiri wa matenda amalimbikitsidwa kuti azitsatira zotsatirazi:

yeretsani kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi glucometer (ngati chizindikirocho ndi chachikulu kuposa chofunikira, muyenera kupereka jakisoni),
konzekerani zokwanira, syringe ndi singano, yankho la antiseptic,
khalani omasuka
Valani magolovesi osasalala kapena sambani m'manja ndi sopo,
gwiritsani ntchito jakisoni ndi mowa,
sonkhanitsani syringe yotaya,
kuyimba muyeso wa mankhwala,
pindani khungu ndikupanga punction yozama 5-15 mm,
kanikizani pistoni ndikuyika pang'onopang'ono zomwe zili mu syringe,
chotsani singano ndikupukuta jakisoniyo ndi antiseptic,
idyani Mphindi 15-45 pambuyo pa njirayi (kutengera kuti insulin inali yochepa kapena yayitali).

Njira yovuliridwa bwino jakisoni ndiye chinsinsi cha thanzi la odwala matenda ashuga.

Kuwerengeredwa kwa jekeseni wa subcutaneous jekeseni wa mtundu 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 odwala matenda ashuga

Insulin imapezeka m'm ampoules ndi ma cartridge ndi voliyumu ya 5 ndi 10 ml. Mililita iliyonse yamadzi imakhala ndi insulin ya 100, 80, ndi 40 IU. Mlingo umachitika m'malo amayiko osiyanasiyana. Musanalowetse mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kuwerengera.

Gawo la insulini limachepetsa glycemia ndi 2.2-2.5 mmol / L. Zambiri zimatengera machitidwe a thupi la munthu, kulemera kwake, kadyedwe, chidwi cha mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha Mlingo.

Jekeseni nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa syringes yapadera. Kuwerengetsa kwa Mankhwala osokoneza bongo:

kuwerengera magawano mu syringe,
40, 100 kapena 80 IU yogawika ndi kuchuluka kwa magawidwe - awa ndi mtengo wogawika gawo limodzi,
kugawa muyeso wa insulin yosankhidwa ndi dokotala pamtengo wogawa,
dinani mankhwalawo, poganizira kuchuluka kwa magawidwe ofunika.

Mlingo woyenerera wa matenda ashuga:

Mpaka magawo 40 a mankhwala omwe angathe kubayidwa mu nthawi imodzi. Mlingo wapamwamba wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 70-80 mayunitsi.

Kodi kujambula mankhwala mu syringe?

Timadzi tosungika tomwe timasungunuka timabayidwa mu syringe molingana ndi algorithm iyi:

Sambani m'manja ndi sopo kapena pakani ndi mowa,
falitsani zochulukazo ndimankhwala pakati pa manja mpaka zomwe zili mkati mwake
kukoka mpweya mu syringe mpaka magawo ofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa,
chotsani thumba lodzitchinjiriza ku singano ndikulowetsa mpweya mu zochulukirapo,
ikani thumba mu syringe potembenuza botolo mozungulira,
chotsani singano pamalowo,
chotsani mpweya wambiri pomenya ndi kukanikiza piston.

Njira yoperekera mankhwala osokoneza bongo mwachidule ndi yofanana. Choyamba, muyenera kutayipa mahomoni achidule mu syringe, ndiye - yayitali.

Malamulo oyambira

Choyamba muyenera kuwerenga zomwe zalembedwa pa ampoule, kuti muwerenge chizindikiro cha syringe. Akuluakulu agwiritse ntchito chida chomwe chili ndi mtengo wogawa wosapitirira 1, ana - 0,5 unit.

Malamulo okonzekera insulin:

kudukiza ndikofunikira kuchita ndi manja oyera. Zinthu zonse ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi kuchiritsidwa ndi antiseptic. Malowo a jekeseni amafunika kuphera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda,
osagwiritsa ntchito syringe kapena mankhwala omwe atha,
Ndikofunika kupewa kulandira mankhwalawo mumitsempha yamagazi kapena mitsempha. Kuti muchite izi, khungu pakhungu la jakisoni limasonkhanitsidwa ndikukweza pang'ono ndi zala ziwiri,
Mtunda pakati pa jakisoni uzikhala masentimita atatu,
Musanagwiritse ntchito, mankhwalawa amayenera kutentha.
isanayambike, muyenera kuwerengera mlingo, kutanthauza glycemia yomwe ilipo,
jekeseni mankhwala m'mimba, matako, m'chiuno, mapewa.

Kuphwanya malamulo oyendetsera mahomoni amakhudzana ndi zotsatirazi:

kukulitsa kwa hypoglycemia monga zotsatira zoyipa za bongo,
mawonekedwe a hematoma, chotupa m'dera la jekeseni,
kuthamanga kwambiri (kofulumira) kwa mahomoni,
dzanzi m'dera la thupi lomwe insulin idalowetsedwa.

Malamulo a insulin management amafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane ndi endocrinologist.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito cholembera?

Cholembera cha syringe chimathandizira kuti jakisoni apangidwe. Ndiosavuta kukhazikitsa. Mlingowo umakhala wophweka koposa polemba mankhwalawo kukhala syringe yokhazikika.

Algorithm yogwiritsira ntchito cholembera:

chotsani choimbacho pamlandu,
Chotsani chophimba,
ikani katoni
Ikani singano ndikuchotsa kaphikiko,
sansani cholembera mbali zosiyanasiyana,
khazikitsani mlingo
lolani mpweya wambiri m'manja
sonkhanitsani khungu ndi antiseptic khola ndikuyika singano,
kanikizani pistoni
dikirani masekondi angapo mutadina,
tulutsani singano, valani chodzikanira,
sonkhanitsani chogwirira ndikuchiyika mumlandu.

Mafotokozedwe atsatanetsatane amomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito cholembera amaperekedwa m'malangizo a chida ichi.

Kangati patsiku kupereka jakisoni?

Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Popita nthawi, mavuto okhala ndi shuga amatha kubweretsa matenda ambiri, monga mavuto amaso, khungu ndi tsitsi, zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba komanso ngakhale zotupa za khansa! Anthu amaphunzitsa zomwe zinawawa kuti azisintha shuga yawo kuti asangalale ...

Endocrinologist ayenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa jakisoni wa insulin. Sikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupange ndandanda nokha.

Kuchulukana kwa kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala kwa wodwala aliyense ndi munthu payekha. Zambiri zimatengera mtundu wa insulin (yayifupi kapena yayitali), zakudya ndi zakudya, komanso matendawa.

Pa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, insulin imakonda kutumikiridwa 1 mpaka katatu patsiku. Ngati munthu ali ndi zilonda zapakhosi, chimfine, kenako makonzedwe ake amasonyezedwa: chinthu chamafuta chimabayidwa tsiku lililonse kwa maola atatu mpaka kasanu patsiku.

Pambuyo poti wachira, wodwalayo amabwereranso ku dongosolo. Mu mtundu wachiwiri wa endocrinological pathology, jakisoni amapangidwa asanadye chilichonse.

Momwe mungapereke jakisoni kuti isavulazike?

Odwala ambiri amadandaula za kupweteka kwa jakisoni wa insulin.

Pofuna kuchepetsa kupweteka kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito singano yakuthwa ndikulimbikitsidwa. Jakisoni woyamba wa 2-3 amachitika m'mimba, ndiye mwendo kapena mkono.

Palibe njira yolumikizira jakisoni wopanda ululu. Zonse zimatengera kupendekera kwapang'onopang'ono kwa munthu komanso mawonekedwe a khungu lake. Ndi poyandikira ululu wocheperako, kumverera kosasangalatsa kumapangitsa ngakhale kukhudza pang'ono kwa singano, ndikutalika, munthu sangamve kupweteka kwapadera.

Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti pakhale kupondaponda pakhungu musanapereke mankhwala kuti muchepetse ululu.

Kodi ndizotheka kubaya intramuscularly?

Homoni ya insulin imayendetsedwa mosagwirizana. Ngati mukulowetsa mu minofu, palibe chomwe mungade nkhawa, koma kuchuluka kwake kwa mankhwalawa kumakulira kwambiri.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa azichita mwachangu. Kuti musalowe mu minofu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito singano mpaka 5mm kukula kwake.

Pamaso pa gulu lalikulu lamafuta, amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito singano kwakutali kuposa 5 mm.

Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito sindirinji ya insulini kangapo?

Kugwiritsa ntchito chida chotayikira kangapo kumavomerezeka malinga ndi malamulo osungira.

Sungani syringe mu phukusi pamalo abwino. Singano iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi mowa pamaso pa jekeseni wotsatira. Muthanso kuwiritsa chida. Kwa nthawi yayitali komanso yochepa insulini ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.

Koma mulimonsemo, kusabala kumaphwanyidwa, malo abwino amapangidwira mawonekedwe a tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito syringe yatsopano nthawi iliyonse.

Njira yoperekera insulin kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga

Kwa ana, mahomoni a insulin amawongoleredwa chimodzimodzi monga akulu. Zoyenera kusiyanitsa ndi izi:

singano zazifupi komanso zopyapyala zizigwiritsidwa ntchito (kutalika kwa 3 mm, 025 mulifupi),
pambuyo pa jekeseni, mwana amadyetsedwa pambuyo mphindi 30 kenako kachiwiri maola angapo.

Pa chithandizo cha insulin, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera.

Kuphunzitsa ana zida ndi momwe angadzipiritsire nokha

Kwa ana, makolo nthawi zambiri amawabayira insulin kunyumba. Mwana akamakula ndi kudziyimira payekha, ayenera kuphunzitsidwa njira ya insulin.

Izi ndi malingaliro kukuthandizani kuti muphunzire jakisoni:

Fotokozerani mwana tanthauzo la insulin, momwe imakhudzira thupi,
nenani chifukwa chomwe amafunikira jakisoni wa timadzi timeneti,
Fotokozani momwe mulingo wa mankhwalawo amawerengedwa
onetsani malo omwe mungapereke jakisoni, momwe munganinitsire khungu kulowa pang'onopang'ono jekeseni musanalowe.
Sambani manja ndi mwana,
sonyezani momwe mankhwalawo amachokera mu syringe, afunseni mwanayo kuti abwereze,
apereke syroke m'manja mwa mwana (wamkazi) ndipo, ndikuwongolera (dzanja) lake, kupanga chokhoma pakhungu, jekeseni mankhwala.

Ma jakisoni ophatikizira amayenera kuchitika kangapo. Mwana akamvetsetsa tanthauzo la kunyinyirika, kukumbukira njira zake, ndiye chifukwa chake ndi bwino kum'patsa jakisoni payekha moyang'aniridwa.

Mafoni pamimba kuchokera pamajekesedwe: choti achite?

Nthawi zina, ngati mankhwala a insulin samatsatiridwa, ma cones amapezeka pamalo a jakisoni.

Ngati siziyambitsa nkhawa, sizipweteka komanso sizitentha, ndiye kuti mavutowa adzatha paokha m'masiku ochepa kapena masabata.

Ngati madzi amamasulidwa ku chulu, kupweteka, kufupika ndi kutupa kwambiri kumawonedwa, izi zitha kuwonetsa njira yotupa. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo chamankhwala chofunikira.

Ndikofunika kulumikizana ndi dokotala kapena wothandizira. Nthawi zambiri, madokotala amapereka mankhwala a heparin, Traumeel, Lyoton, kapena Troxerutin.. Ochiritsa achikhalidwe amalimbikitsa kufalitsa ma conse ndi uchi wokometsedwa ndi ufa kapena msuzi wa aloe.

Pofuna kuti zisawononge kwambiri thanzi lanu, muyenera kutsatira malangizo onse a dokotala.

Momwe mungapangire jakisoni wa insulin

Osati mtundu wokha, kwenikweni, moyo wa wodwala umatengera njira yolondola ya odwala matenda ashuga. Therapy ya insulin imakhazikika pophunzitsa wodwala aliyense momwe alili komanso momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito munthawi zina.

Malinga ndi akatswiri a World Health Organisation, wodwala matenda ashuga ndi dokotala wake yemwe. Endocrinologist amayang'anira chithandizo, ndipo njira zimaperekedwa kwa wodwala.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera matenda a endocrine yayitali ndikudzifunsa komwe angapangire jakisoni.

Vuto lalikulu

Nthawi zambiri, achinyamata amakhala ndi mankhwala a insulin, kuphatikiza ana aang'ono kwambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1. Popita nthawi, amaphunzira luso lotha kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni ndi chidziwitso chofunikira panjira yoyenera, yoyenera kuyenerera kwa namwino.

Amayi oyembekezera omwe ali ndi vuto la pancreatic amadziwika kuti amakonzekera insulin kwakanthawi. Hyperglycemia yakanthawi, mankhwalawa omwe amafunikira timadzi ta mapuloteni, amatha kupezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena amtundu wa endocrine motsogozedwa ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, odwala amamwa mankhwalawa pakamwa. Kusagwirizana kwa shuga m'magazi ndikusokonekera kwaumoyo wa wodwala wamkulu (pambuyo pa zaka 45) kumatha kuchitika chifukwa chophwanya kwambiri zakudya komanso kunyalanyaza malangizo a dokotala. Kubwezera m'magazi a shuga kumatha kudwalitsa matenda ake.

Kuchedwetsa ndikusintha kwa wodwala kupita ku insulin, nthawi zambiri pamaganizidwe, kumathandizira kuthamanga kwa zovuta za matenda ashuga

Maonekedwe a jakisoni ayenera kusintha chifukwa:

kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe insulin ndi osiyana,
Kugwiritsa ntchito malo amodzi kawiri kawiri pamthupi kungayambitse lipodystrophy yam'mimba (kuzimiririka kwa gawo la mafuta pakhungu),
jakisoni angapo amatha kudziunjikira.

Mafuta omwe amasungidwa mosamala "m'matumbo" a insulin amatha kuwoneka mwadzidzidzi, patatha masiku awiri atabayidwa. Mkulu shuga m'magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwopsa kwa hypoglycemia.

Nthawi yomweyo, munthu amatulutsa thukuta lozizira, kumverera kwanjala, ndipo manja ake amanjenjemera. Khalidwe lake litha kuponderezedwa,, kapena, kusangalala.

Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimatha kupezeka mwa anthu osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi shuga wamagazi m'magawo a 2.0-5,5 mmol / L.

Zikatero, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera msanga kuti muchepetse kuyambika kwa hypoglycemic coma. Choyamba muyenera kumwa madzi otsekemera (tiyi, mandimu, juwisi) omwe alibe zotsekemera (mwachitsanzo, aspartame, xylitol). Kenako idyani chakudya chamoto (sangweji, makeke ndi mkaka).

Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwala a mahomoni m'thupi kumadalira malo omwe amayambitsa. Zingwe za hypoglycemic wothandizira za mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ochitika zimachitika m'malo amodzi. Ndiye ndingabisaliritse kukonzekera insulin?

Cholembera Insulin

Dera loyambirira ndi m'mimba: mchiuno, ndikusunthira kumbuyo, kumanzere ndi kumanzere kwa navel. Imatenga mpaka 90% ya mlingo womwe umayendetsedwa. Khalidwe likuwonekera pang'onopang'ono pazochita za mankhwala, pakatha mphindi 15-30. Peak imachitika pakadutsa ola limodzi. Kubaya jakisoni m'dera lino ndizovuta kwambiri. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amabayirira insulin yayifupi m'mimba mwawo atatha kudya. "Kuti muchepetse chizindikiro cha ululu, zomata zam'mphepete, pafupi ndi mbali," akatswiri amtopola amaperekanso malangizo kwa odwala awo. Wodwala atatha kudya kapena kupanga jakisoni ndi chakudya, atangodya.
Gawo lachiwiri ndi manja: gawo lakunja la nthambi yam'mwamba kuyambira phewa mpaka m'chiwuno. Kubaya jakisoni m'derali kuli ndi zabwino zake - ndizosapweteka kwambiri. Koma ndikosavuta kwa wodwalayo kupanga jakisoni m'manja ndi ndudu ya insulin. Pali njira ziwiri zochitira izi: kubaya insulin ndi cholembera kapena kuphunzitsa okondedwa kupereka jakisoni kwa odwala matenda ashuga.
Gawo lachitatu ndi miyendo: ntchafu yakunja kuchokera ku inguinal mpaka kulumikizana kwa bondo. Kuchokera m'malo omwe ali miyendo ya thupi, insulin imatengedwa mpaka 75% ya mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa ndikuyamba pang'onopang'ono. Kukhazikika kwa zochita kumachitika m'maola 1.0-1.5. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito jakisoni ndi mankhwala, nthawi yayitali (yowonjezeredwa, yowonjezeredwa nthawi).
Gawo lachinayi ndi masamba amapewa: ali kumbuyo, pansi pa fupa lomwelo. Chiwerengero cha insulin chosafotokozedwa pamalo enaake ndi kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe (30%) ndizotsika kwambiri. Tsamba lamapewa limawerengedwa kuti ndi malo osagwira jakisoni wa insulin.

Magawo anayi pa thupi la wodwalayo kuti apange jakisoni wa kukonzekera kwa insulin

Malo abwino okhala ndi magwiridwe antchito kwambiri ndi dera la umbilical (pamtunda wa zala ziwiri).

Ndikosatheka kukhazikika nthawi zonse m'malo "abwino". Mtunda pakati pa jekeseni lomaliza ndi likubwerali uyenera kukhala wosachepera 3 cm.

Ngati mutsatira malangizowo kuti musunthe “chifupikisano” m'mimba, komanso “kutalika” pa ntchafu kapena mkono, ndiye kuti wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuchita jakisoni 2 nthawi imodzi.

Odwala osamala amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito ma insulin osakanikirana (osakanikirana a Novoropid, Humalog) kapena kuphatikiza pawokha mitundu iwiri ya syringe ndikupanga jakisoni imodzi malo aliwonse.

Si ma insulini onse omwe amaloledwa kusakanikirana. Amatha kukhala ofupika komanso apakatikati kuchitapo kanthu.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amaphunzira njira zowerengera mkalasi m'masukulu apadera, omwe amapanga dongosolo la endocrinology department. Odwala ocheperako kapena osathandiza amathandizidwa ndi okondedwa awo.

Zochita zazikulu zomwe wodwala amachita ndi izi:

Pokonzekera khungu. Tsamba la jakisoni liyenera kukhala loyera. Pukutani, makamaka pakani, khungu silifunikira mowa. Mowa umadziwika kuti umawononga insulini.Ndikokwanira kusamba gawo limodzi ndi madzi ofunda a sopo kapena kusamba (kusamba) kamodzi patsiku.
Kukonzekera kwa insulin ("cholembera", syringe, vial). Mankhwalawa akuyenera kuti azikulungika m'manja anu kwa masekondi 30. Ndikwabwino kuyiyambitsa yosakanikirana bwino komanso yotentha. Imbani ndikutsimikizira kulondola kwa mlingo.
Kuchita jakisoni. Ndi dzanja lanu lamanzere, pangani khungu lanu ndikulowetsa singano m'munsi mwake pakulowa kwa madigiri 45 kapena kumtunda, mutagwira syringe molunjika. Mukatsitsa mankhwalawa, dikirani masekondi 5-7. Mutha kuwerengera mpaka 10.

Mukachotsa singano pakhungu, ndiye kuti insulini imatuluka kuchokera kumalo opumira, ndipo gawo lina sililowa mthupi. Mavuto a insulin Therapy amatha kukhala ambiri m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamkati mwa mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito.

A endocrinologist athandizira kusintha kwa hypoglycemic ndi analogue yoyenera. Makampani ogulitsa mankhwala amapereka mitundu yambiri ya insulin.

Mavuto amtundu wakhungu pakhungu limachitika chifukwa cha singano yayikulu, kuyambitsa kwa mankhwala enaake, komanso kusankhidwa bwino kwa jakisoni.

Kwenikweni, zomwe wodwala amakumana nazo ndi jakisoni zimawerengedwa ngati mawonetseredwe amtunduwu. Munthu aliyense ali ndi gawo lolimbana ndi kupwetekedwa mtima.

Pali zowonera ndi zomverera:

Palibe ululu wocheperako, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti singano yakuthwa kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo sinalowe mu mitsempha yotsiriza,
ululu wofatsa ungachitike ngati mitsempha igunda
mawonekedwe a dontho la magazi akuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa capillary (mtsempha wamagazi ochepa),
kuvulazidwa chifukwa cha singano yovuta.

Kuyika pamalo pomwe vutoli lidawonekera sikuyenera kukhalapo mpaka kukonzanso.

Singano mu syringe penseli ndi yocheperako kuposa ma insulin, sindivulaza khungu.

Kwa odwala ena, kugwiritsa ntchito chomalizachi ndikofunikira pazifukwa zamaganizidwe: pali mlingo woyima pawokha, wowoneka bwino.

Hypoglycemic yoyendetsedwa imalowetsedwa osati magazi okha, komanso khungu ndi minofu. Kuti mupewe izi, ndikofunikira kusonkhanitsa khungu lanu monga zikuwonekera pachithunzichi.

Kutentha kwachilengedwe (kusamba ofunda), kutikita minofu (kuwoneka mopepuka) kwa malo a jakisoni kungathandizire kuchitapo kanthu kwa insulin. Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, wodwalayo ayenera kutsimikizira zovuta za shelufu, ndende ndikuwasunga kwazinthu.

Mankhwala a shuga sayenera kuzizira. Itha kusungidwa mufiriji pamtunda wa +2 mpaka +8 Celsius.

Botolo lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pakadali pano, cholembera cha syringe (chotayidwa kapena cholocha dzanja la insulin) ndilokwanira kusunga kutentha.

Algorithm yolondola pakayendetsedwe ndi Mlingo wa insulin

Matenda a shuga amayesedwa ngati m'ndende kwa moyo wawo wonse komanso mwadzidzidzi, chifukwa pakadali pano sizikudziwika zomwe matendawa angatenge. Pakatikati pake, chiphunzitso chotere sichimaletsa kugwira ntchito yowonjezereka, kukhala ndi banja komanso kupuma, koma muyenera kuyang'ananso momwe mumakhalira, chifukwa muyenera kusintha kadyedwe kanu, kupita kumasewera ndi kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa.

Kuphatikiza apo, odwala ambiri ali ndi nkhawa kuti sakudziwa momwe angabayire insulin mu shuga mellitus komanso komwe kuli bwino kupaka jakisoni, ngakhale ayenera kudziwa njira ya momwe angayithandizire kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kudzipangira nokha.

Mlingo wa mankhwala

Asanapereke mankhwala, wodwalayo amayenera kudzipangira pawokha sabata limodzi, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga panthawi inayake patsiku.

Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito mita komanso ngakhale kuti ali ndi zolakwika, koma njirayi imachitika kunyumba.

Kutengera ndi zomwe mwapeza, adotolo adzafotokozeranso njira ya insulin, ndipo adzawonekeranso ngati timadzi timene timafunikira timafunikira chakudya tikatha kudya kapena ndikokwanira kuperekera mankhwala ndi kuwonjezeka kawiri pa tsiku.

Ndikofunika kuti endocrinologist ikuyang'ana kwambiri za mayeso a sabata, chifukwa shuga m'mawa ndi usiku ndizizindikiro zofunika ndipo ngati katswiri wawanyalanyaza, ndibwino kuzisintha. Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo ayenera kufunsa wodwalayo zakudya komanso momwe amakonda kuchitira zolimbitsa thupi.

Heparin mankhwala

Pamodzi ndi insulin, kugwiritsa ntchito heparin nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofunikira ndipo kuwerengera kwa mlingo wake kungachitike kokha ndi katswiri ataphunziridwa. Mankhwalawa ndi othandizira olimba ndipo m'magazi a shuga m'thupi la munthu kuchuluka kwake kumachepa.

Kuperewera kwa heparin kumabweretsa matenda amitsempha, makamaka miyendo yotsika. Madokotala ambiri amawona kuti kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zazikulu zomwe edema, zilonda zam'mimba ndi gangren zimayambira matenda ashuga.

Kanema wokhudza mankhwalawa ungawonedwe pansipa:

Pambuyo pa maphunziro ambiri, mphamvu ya heparin idatsimikiziridwa, chifukwa njira yake yogwiritsira ntchito idathandizira kwambiri mkhalidwe wa odwala. Pazifukwa izi, madokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala othandizira kupewa matenda ashuga, koma osadziyang'anira pawokha sakulimbikitsidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito heparin panthawi ya msambo, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lodana ndi mutu komanso ana osakwana zaka 3.

Ponena za malo a jakisoni, ndibwino kupaka jekeseni khoma lakutsogolo kwa m'mimba, ndipo kuti musalakwitse, mutha kufunsa dokotala zomwe achite kapena kuwonera pavidiyo.

Mitundu ya matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga amakhalanso m'magulu awiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo anthu omwe akudwala matenda oyamba (amadalira insulin) amapangira jakisoni mwachangu musanadye kaye, ndiye kuti mutha kuwona momwe munthu wodwala matendawa amapitira kwinakwake asanadye.

Njirayi imachitika nthawi zambiri m'malo ovuta ndipo nthawi zina zimafunika kuchita pagulu, ndipo izi zimapweteka kwambiri psyche, makamaka mwana. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala matenda ashuga amafunika kubayira insulin yayitali usiku komanso m'mawa, motero, kapamba angatsanzire, momwe ndi momwe angapangire jekeseni wa matenda amtundu woyamba 1 muvidiyoyi ndi chithunzi:

Insulin imagawidwa chifukwa nthawi yayitali ingati,

Kuchita insulin nthawi yayitali. Muyezo wothandizira womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito podzuka ndi asanagone,
Kuchita zinthu mwachangu. Ikani mankhwala musanadye kapena mukatha kudya kuti pasakhale shuga.

Kuphatikiza podziwa malo omwe akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti apange jakisoni wa insulin ndi ma algorithm pochita njirayi, odwala amafunikanso kuwona kanema wokhudza chithandizo cha matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba:

Matenda a shuga a Type 2 (osadalira insulini) amatha kupezeka ndi ukalamba zaka pafupifupi 50, ngakhale kuti imakhala imvi kwa zaka zambiri adayamba kukhala wachichepere ndipo ndizosavuta kuwona munthu wazaka 35 mpaka 40 kuzindikira izi. Mosiyana ndi mtundu woyamba wamatenda, momwe insulini singapangidwe moyenera, pamenepa ma hormone amatha kutulutsidwa ngakhale mopitirira muyeso, koma thupi sililabadira kwenikweni.

Kwa odwala matenda amtundu wa 2, madokotala amatenga jakisoni wofulumira wa mankhwala a insulin musanadye kapena mapiritsi omwe amalimbikitsa chidwi cha mahomoni omwe amatulutsidwa ndi kapamba, kotero, matendawa si owopsa kwa anthu ambiri, koma osakhala oopsa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikamadya zakudya zowonjezera komanso pophunzira pafupipafupi, mutha kuchita popanda mankhwala, chifukwa shuga sadzauka, koma muyenera kuyeza glucose nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer.

Mutha kuwona zambiri zokhudzana ndi matenda amtunduwu powonera kanema:

Kusankha Selo La Injection

Syringe yokhazikika ya insulin ndiyotaya ndipo ndiyopangidwa ndi pulasitiki, ndipo singano yaying'ono yopyapyala imayikidwa pamwamba. Ponena za kusiyana komwe kuli pakati pawo, amangokhala pamagawano.

Zimakuthandizani kuti muike insulini mu syringe ndendende mlingo womwe umafunikira, koma njirayi imakhalanso ndi malamulo ndi zina zake.

Pakukula kumeneku, pali magawano asanu pakati pa 0 ndi 10, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti gawo limodzi ndi magawo awiri a mahomoni, kotero ndikovuta kuwerengetsa mlingo wake.

Nthawi yomweyo, ma syringe ambiri amakhala ndi cholakwika chofanana ndi theka la magawo 1 ndipo izi ndizofunika kwambiri, chifukwa kwa ana gawo limodzi la mankhwala lingachepetse shuga, ndipo ngati ndilocheperako, ndiye kuti mlingowo umakhala wosakwanira, motero nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kulemba insulini mu syringe. Pankhaniyi, m'zaka zaposachedwa, mapampu a insulini adadziwika kwambiri, omwe amangolemba mankhwalawo molingana ndi kuwerengera kokhazikika pazokonda, ndipo sangaonekere, koma mtengo wa chipangizocho (ma ruble oposa 200,000) sapezeka kwa aliyense.

Mutha kuphunzira mosamala momwe mungasungire bwino insulini mu syringe pavidiyo.

Algorithm yoperekera mankhwala ndikusankhidwa kwa singano

Njira yothandizira kuperekera insulin kwa anthu odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ali ndi algorithm inayake. Poyamba, singano imalowa m'mafuta osakanikira ndipo ndikofunikira kuti musalowe m'matumbo a minofu, chifukwa chake simuyenera kupanga jakisoni wozama. Chovuta chachikulu cha oyamba kumene ndikupereka insulin pakona chifukwa nthawi zambiri imalowa m'misempha ndipo ilibe mphamvu yomwe mukufuna.

Zingano zazifupi za insulin ndi chilengedwe chodabwitsa, ndikupangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta kwa anthu ambiri odwala, chifukwa mutha kuwalowetsa insulini nawo osawopa kulowa minofu ya minofu. Amakhala ndi kutalika kwa 4 mpaka 8 mm ndipo singano zotere ndizochepa thupi kuposa anzawo.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali malamulo oyendetsera insulin:

Insulin ikhoza kutumikiridwa pokhapokha, ndikuwongolera singano m'matipi a adipose, koma ngati ili yochepa kwambiri m'derali, ndiye kuti muyenera kupanga khungu. Kuti muchite izi, ndigwiritse ntchito zala ziwiri ndikufinya, koma osachulukirapo. Mwa malo onse omwe akupezeka a insulin, mikono, miyendo ndi m'mimba ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin ngati wodwala agwiritsa ntchito singano yoposa 8 mm kuyenera kudutsa mbali ya 45% yolumikizidwa khungu. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti ndibwino kusapereka jakisoni ndi singano ya kukula uku m'mimba,
Ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe momwe mungapangire insulin bwino, komanso kutsatira malangizo a madokotala. Mwachitsanzo, singano imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi 1 yokha, kenako muyenera kuyisintha, chifukwa nsonga yake ikhala. Kuphatikiza pa zowawa, zimatha kuyambitsa ming'alu yaying'ono pamalo omwe jekeseni adapangidwira,
Anthu ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amadziwa kupaka insulin ndi cholembera chapadera, koma si onse omwe amvapo kuti ali ndi singano yonyansa ndipo amafunika kusinthidwa jekeseni iliyonse. Ngati malingaliro awa sanatsatidwe, ndiye kuti mpweya udzafika ndipo kuchuluka kwa mahomoni panthawi ya jakisoni sikungakhale kokwanira. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti ndi syringe yotereyi ndikosavuta kubayidwa m'mimba.

Malamulowa operekera insulin amamangidwa, koma mukakumana ndi zovuta, mutha kuwona momwe mungabayire molondola mu kanemayo:

Cholembera chapadera cha odwala matenda ashuga

Njira yoyendetsera ntchito siyosiyana kwambiri, koma kapangidwe ka syringe iyi ndikosavuta kwambiri ndipo simukufunika kugula yatsopano nthawi iliyonse mukatha kutsatira njirayi.

Ponena za kapangidwe kake, ali ndi ma cartridge apadera omwe mankhwalawo amasungidwa ndipo pali magawikidwe pa iwo, pomwe gawo limodzi la insulin ndi gawo limodzi.

Chifukwa chake, kuwerengera kwa mlingo wa mahomoni kumakhala kolondola kwambiri, kotero ngati mwana akudwala, ndiye kuti ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera.

Kubayira insulin ndi ma syringes ndi kosavuta ndipo mutha kuwona momwe mungabanulire bwino mankhwalawa m'mimba ndi cholembera muvidiyo iyi:

Malingaliro okonzekera jakisoni ndi insulin

Popeza mwaphunzira magawo onse a insulin kaperekedwe kake komanso kudziwa kanema wamomwe mungapangire jakisoni wa insulin, mutha kupitiriza kukonzekera. Choyamba, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti agule sikelo kuti azitha kuyeza zinthu zamafuta okhazikika. Gawo ili likuthandizani kuti musapeze ma calories owonjezera.

Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga masiku 3-7 tsiku lililonse kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe muyenera kubaya.

Ponena za mahomoni pawokha, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumangololedwa mpaka atha, pambuyo pake atayidwa.

Ndizofunikanso kudziwa kuti ma algorithm a machitidwe a njirayi akuphatikizanso kutha kudziyimira pawokha mlingo wa insulin ndi zakudya zosankhidwa bwino, popeza mankhwalawa adzafunika ocheperako kuposa momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, koma chifukwa cha izi ndibwino kufunsa dokotala.

Sichofunikira kwambiri kuti mupeze insulin chifukwa njira ya jekeseni payekha komanso kutha kudziwa mlingo wake. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kufunsa wa endocrinologist za izi, komanso kudzifufuza nokha pogwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndi mabuku.

Momwe mungabayire insulin, momwe mungabayire, tsamba la jakisoni

Madzi a protein a insulin, omwe amapangidwa ndi maselo a kapamba, amalola shuga, omwe amalowa mthupi la munthu kuchokera kunja ndi chakudya, kulowa mkati mwa maselo a minofu ndi minyewa ya adipose. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha momwe limagwirira ma cell membrane, kuchuluka kwa komwe kumachulukana.

Amatenga gawo limodzi pazochita zonse za metabolic, koma nthawi yomweyo gawo lake lalikulu ndikuwongolera kagayidwe kazinthu, popeza ndi iye yekha mahomoni omwe amachita ntchito ya hypoglycemic. Chifukwa cha zomwe anachita, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumatha kutsikira mpaka mtengo wabwino kwambiri.

Zovuta za insulin management ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ndipo ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala.

"Kudya chakudya chilichonse kumathandizira kuwonjezera insulini, ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwake kumachepa ndi njala komanso kusowa kwa zinthu zofunika mthupi."

Zisonyezo za mahomoni amenewa nthawi zambiri siziyenera kupitirira 30 mkU / ml mwa munthu wamkulu ndi 10 mkU mwa mwana wosakwana zaka 12.

Kuwonjezeka kwa insulini nthawi zambiri kumawonetsa matenda, kuphatikizapo chotupa mu kapamba, kapena njira yakhazikika yachilengedwe, mwachitsanzo, kutenga pakati.

Mlingo wochepetsedwa wa insulin nthawi zambiri umakhala wofanana ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, koma amathanso kuwonedwa ndi kutopa kwapafupipafupi. Zambiri pazomwe mungapereke insulin ndizofunikira kwa aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga.

Ndi mbali ziti za thupi zomwe zimakhala ndi jakisoni?

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, ma pancreas a wodwalayo sangathe kudzipanga pawokha, pomwe ali mthupi la odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 omwe amapangidwa, koma sagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira.

Kubayira jakisoni wa panthawi yake ndikofunikira kwa anthu oterowo, motero aliyense wa iwo ayenera kudziwa momwe angadzijobwerere ndi momwe angatulutsire insulini mu syringe, komanso malamulo othandizira yankho.

Mndandanda wamalo ogwiritsira ntchito insulin ndi:

Malo am'mimba kumanzere ndi kumanja kwa navel,
Chiuno chamtsogolo
Zigawo zamanja kuyambira mapewa kupita kumbuyo
Madera otsika
Magawo ofikira pamimba pafupi ndi kumbuyo.

Njira ya Insulin In injion

Zikafika poti jekeseni insulin, madokotala nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa jakisoni m'mimba, chifukwa mumagawo ambiri a thupi. Hormoni sayenera kubayidwa m'mitsempha, chifukwa pamenepa imayamwa nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati cholinga ndikupanga kuchuluka kwa shuga tsiku lililonse, mankhwalawa amayenera kugawidwa mthupi lonse. Njira ya insulin yoyendetsera si yovuta;

Kuthamanga kwa mahomoni kumadalira kwathunthu m'malo omwe asankhidwa kuti apange jakisoni wa insulin. Zilonda m'dera lodzaza ndizoyamba pamlingo wa kusakwanira, chifukwa chake gawo ili silimaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wazotheka.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti zolemba zowoneka bwino kwambiri zimatsalira pamiyendo, jakisoni m'manja imawoneka ngati yopanda ululu konse, ndipo pamimba ndiye chovuta kwambiri kuposa zonse.

Ndi kupezeka kwatsatanetsatane, funso silimakhala momwe mungapangire yankho ndi momwe mungapangire jakisoni munthawi yotsatira.

Kudzaza syringe yoyenera ndi kayendetsedwe ka mankhwala

Pachifukwa ichi, syringe yapadera ya insulin kapena cholembera imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mitundu yamakono ya zitsanzo zachikale zimakhala ndi singano zopyapyala, zomwe zimapereka chithandizo mwachangu komanso mopanda ululu njira ndi njira yake m'magazi.

Botolo la kukonzekera mokhazikika lili ndi choyimitsa chotumphukira chomwe sichikufunika kuchotsedwa - ingolibaya ndi syringe ndikusonkhanitsa mahomoni oyenera.

Ndikofunika kubaya khosalo kangapo musanalowe ndi singano yolimba mwachindunji pakati ndikuonetsetsa kuti gawo la syringe ndilophweka komanso mwachangu. Njirayi ikuthandizira kuti singano yosalimba isawonongeke ndikuwonongeka.

Malamulo a kayendetsedwe ka insulin amaperekanso kukonzekera kwa botolo koyambirira.

Nthawi yomweyo jakisoni isanachitike, imakulungika m'manja mwanu kwa masekondi angapo, zomwe zimathandizira kuti kutentha kumvekere - madokotala ambiri amalimbikitsa kuti alembe insulini mwachangu motero amalowetsa kuyamwa kwake m'magazi.

Ngati wodwala akufunika jakisoni wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa matenda a shuga, ayenera kusankha ma syringe - mukamagwiritsa ntchito, palibe mavuto momwe angatengere jekeseni wina.

Njira yonseyo siyovuta makamaka - muyenera kungotsatira miyeso ya zochita zomwe zafotokozedwa pansipa, ndikudziwa momwe mungabayire insulin:

Pukuta malo a jakisoni ndi mowa kapena musambe ndi madzi ofunda ndi sopo,
Chitani mankhwala kuchokera pambale, mutawerenga kuchuluka kwa insulin,
Pogwiritsa ntchito zala zakumanzere kapena dzanja lamanja, kokerani khungu pamalo osankhidwa jakisoni (izi zisanachitike, amazisenda pang'ono), konzani syringe yomwe idakokedwa,
Ikani singano pachikopa pakona madigiri 45, kapena pang'onopang'ono, kukanikiza ndodo ya syringe,
Kenako muyenera kudikirira masekondi asanu mpaka asanu ndi awiri,
Pambuyo pake, muyenera kuchotsa singano ndikusindikizira piston kangapo, izi zikuthandizani kuchotsa yankho mkati.

Mitundu Yovomerezeka

Muyenera kudziwa kuti insulini imagwiritsidwa ntchito muyezo woyenera - zimatengera gawo la nthenda ya munthu, kusungunuka kwa vutoli kutha kuchitika malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo.

Katswiriyu ayenera kuwerengera zomwe zimachitika tsiku lililonse atatha kuphunzira mkodzo ndi kuyezetsa magazi ndikuzindikira kuchuluka kwa shuga. Kenako botolo lililonse la mankhwalawa limagawidwa m'njira zingapo zomwe zimayenera kuchitika masana.

Mlingo uliwonse umasinthidwa molingana ndi momwe mayeso a shuga amayendera, umachitika pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer nthawi iliyonse ya jekeseni wa insulin, komanso musanadye chakudya cham'mawa. Dokotala amayang'ana zotsatira za kuyeserera kwa mkodzo, malinga ndi zotsatira zake zomwe zimatsimikiza chiwembu chomwa mankhwalawo.

Kukhazikika kwa insulin ndi munthu payekha ndipo nthawi zonse kumatsimikiziridwa kwa wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, komanso palinso kuphatikiza koyenera.

Nthawi zambiri, odwala amapaka mankhwalawa kanayi patsiku, ndipo nthawi iliyonse pamafunika kugwiritsa ntchito timadzi tambiri timatenda tambiri komanso nthawi yayitali, kutengera nthawi ya tsiku.

Glucometer Bayer Contour TS

Ngati njirayi ikuchitika kunyumba, insulin m'mimba imakonda kuperekedwa paokha, pomwe kudya kumatha kuchitika pakatha theka la ola pambuyo pobayira. Palibe magawo opitilira 30 a mankhwalawa omwe amaperekedwa kamodzi kokha kuti apewe bongo.

Ma algorithm a insulin management ndi osafunikira kwenikweni, chifukwa chophwanya malamulo ake zovuta zambiri zimatha kuchitika panthawi yamankhwala.

Muyenera kusamala nthawi zonse ndi kulondola kwa malo osankhidwa a jakisoni, makulidwe ndi mtundu wa singano ya syringe, kutentha kwa mankhwalawo, ndi zina.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin

Popeza anthu onse omwe adapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kupatsidwa jakisoni tsiku lililonse la mankhwala apadera kuti akhalebe ndi shuga wokwanira, ayenera kudziwa bwino miyezo yoyenera ndikuyesera kupewa insulin yambiri momwe angathere. Izi sizachilendo ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa zaumoyo, ndipo nthawi zina zovuta kwambiri zimayambitsa imfa ya wodwalayo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungabayire jakisoni moyenera komanso momwe mungadzipiritsire nokha jakisoni.

Mlingo wokwanira amawerengedwa kwa dokotala pamaziko a zotsatira zoyeserera, koma pamakhala zochitika zambiri zolakwitsa kapena kusiya zinthu zofunika, zomwe zimatsogolera kuti odwala matenda ashuga samapitilira muyeso wamankhwala. Njira yolondola yoperekera insulin ndiyofunikira kwambiri, ndipo izi ziyenera kusamaliridwa pasadakhale. Kupitilira muyeso kumatha kuyambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa thupi, hyperglycemia kapena pachimake hypoglycemic syndrome, komanso kuwonjezeka kowopsa pamlingo wa acetone mu mkodzo.

Malamulo posungira mankhwalawa

Malangizo posunga mankhwalawo amadalira kwathunthu mawonekedwe ake, chifukwa insulini imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a piritsi komanso njira yothetsera jakisoni. Njira yothetsera vutoli imakhala mu cartridge kapena mbale ndipo imakhala yogwirika chifukwa cha zovuta zachilengedwe.

Mankhwalawa amasinthidwa mwamphamvu ndikusintha kwa kutentha, ndichifukwa chake malamulo onse osungirako ayenera kutsatiridwa kuti kasamalidwe ka insulin akhale othandiza kwambiri momwe mungathere. Kusiya mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali ndikwabwino pakhomo la firiji kapena m'malo amdima komanso ozizira, chifukwa sangaululidwe ndi dzuwa.

Ngati zinthu zonse zakwaniritsidwa, zimatsimikizika kuti mupewe kuwononga mankhwala ndi zotsatirapo zina zosasangalatsa.

Komwe mungabayire insulin mu shuga, momwe mungabayirire musanadye kapena mutamaliza kudya, panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati, paphewa

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa a metabolic, omwe amachokera ku vuto la carbohydrate metabolism. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda, chithandizo cha insulin ndi gawo limodzi lofunika la mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa komwe angapangire insulin komanso momwe angachitire njirayi.

1 Kufotokozera
2 Kodi ndi kuti?
3 Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa jakisoni

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, kusowa kwa insulini kumalepheretsa glucose, ngakhale kwambiri, kuti asalowe m'maselo. Kubayira insulin ndi njira yokhayo yomwe singakulitse moyo wa wodwala. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa insulini pamilandu iliyonse payokha ndikosiyana ndipo kumatsimikiziridwa payekha ndi dokotala wopita.

Njira imodzi payokha imaphatikizapo kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga komanso kuwona kusinthasintha kwawo masana, asanayambe kudya komanso pambuyo pake, komanso kupsinjika kwa thupi ndi m'maganizo. Kuyeza kumachitika ndi glucometer 10-12 pa tsiku kwa masiku 7-14. Kutengera ndi zotsatirazi, kusinthasintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka insulin ndi mlingo wake watsimikizika

Mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa makonzedwe umatsimikiza pang'onopang'ono. Kuti muchite izi:

mlingo woyambira wa mankhwalawa amasankhidwa (ndi dokotala),
insulin imalowetsedwa ndipo kuchuluka kwa glucose kumayesedwa pambuyo pa mphindi 20-45,
shuga amayeza 2, 3, 4 ndi 5 maola atatha kudya,
pa shuga pansipa 3.8 mmol / l - mapiritsi a shuga amatengedwa,
pachakudya chotsatira, mlingo umasintha (umachulukitsa kapena umatsika) kutengera shuga amene ali m'magazi.

Kodi ndi kuti?

Mutha kubayira insulin pafupifupi mbali zonse za thupi. Koma pali malo omwe ali oyenera kwambiri jakisoni monga:

nkhope zakunja zamanja (mbali yakumanja ndi mkono wamanja),
Gawo lomwe lili pamimba ndi ma radius a 6-7 masentimita mozungulira msomali, ndikusunthira kumizere yakumanzere kumimba kumanzere ndi kumanzere kwa msomali (mtunda weniweniwo ungayesedwe mwa kuyika kanjedza pamimba kuti malekezero a chala cholozera ali pa msomali. Malo omwe amaphimba ndi manja chabwino)
kutsogolo kwa m'chiuno pakati pa mulingo wa perineum ndipo osafikira masentimita 3-5 kupita pachimake pa bondo,
scapula (zone kumunsi kwa scapula),
madera a matako, makamaka ngati pali madipoziti amafuta.

Kutengera ndi tsamba la jakisoni, mayamwidwe am'madzi amatha mofulumira kapena pang'onopang'ono. Mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wamatumbo a insulin.

Pang'onopang'ono, kunyowetsa kumachitika m'malo a manja, ndipo timadzi timadzi timakhala timalo tomwe timakhala totalika kwambiri m'dera la miyendo komanso pansi pa phewa.

Jakisoni wa insulin akhoza kuchitika malinga ndi chiwembu: m'mimba ndi mkono umodzi, pamimba ndi mkono wachiwiri, pamimba ndi mwendo umodzi, pamimba ndi mwendo wachiwiri.

Ndi chithandizo cha insulin cha nthawi yayitali, kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa ma morphological komanso mbiri yakale kumachitika m'malo omwe jekeseni wokhazikika omwe amakhudza kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa mankhwalawa. Zotsatira zake, kutalika kwa mahomoni kumachepa. Kuti mupewe izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musinthe jekeseni yomwe ili mkati mwa gawo limodzi la thupi, mwachitsanzo, jekeseni wotsatira jekeseni wina kapena masentimita awiri kuchokera pa woyamba.

Mwa amayi apakati, jakisoni ndichabwino kwambiri mkati mwa thupi lomwe limakhala ndi minyewa yambiri (matako, matako, mikono). Dziwani kuti mahomoni samalowa mu zotchinga, chifukwa ngati mayi woyembekezera safuna kubayira insulin mbali zina za thupi, jakisoni itha kupangidwa mwachindunji pamimba.

Insulin yayikulu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yoyembekezera ndi insulin yochepa. Cholinga chachikulu ndikusunga glucose pamlingo woyenera.

Kubweretsa insulin kumatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera cha insulin kapena cholembera chapadera. Mwanjira iyi, singano zamautali osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito: 4-5 mm, 6-8 mm ndi 12 mm. Njira ya jakisoni ndi yosiyana pang'ono ndi kukula kwa singano:

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito singano ya 4-5 mm, jakisoni amapangidwa pakona pa 90 ° mpaka khungu.
Jakisoni wa 6-8 mm ndi singano umachitika ndi kupangika kwakhazikidwe kwa khungu pamphepete yake pamalo a 90 °.
12 mmano singano adalowetsedwa pakhungu, pakhungu la 45 °.

Kufunika kotereku kumachitika chifukwa chakufunika kubayirira insulini yeniyeni pakhungu, osati minyewa, kulowa momwe timadzi timalowa m'magazi mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo timayambitsa hypoglycemia.

Kuti muchepetse kupweteka kwa jakisoni, ndikofunikira kupanga khungu lanu ndi chala chachikulu ndi chofundira, kulumikizidwa kumachitika mwachangu, kubaya khungu ndi kusuntha kumodzi.

Madera osamala kwambiri ndi mikono ndi miyendo, chifukwa chochepa mafuta ochulukirapo. Singano yoyenera kwambiri ndi 6-8 mm.

Ngati mankhwalawa amasakanikirana angapo, inshuwaransi imayamba kulembedwa, ndiye kuti nthawi yayitali imachitapo kanthu.

Insulin yofupikitsa ndi NPH (insulin yayitali chifukwa cha kuwonjezera kwa mapuloteni a zinc ndi protamine) atasakanikirana, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo jakisoni, kapena kusungidwa kuti muigwiritse ntchito pambuyo pake. Mwachangu, pakati komanso nthawi yayitali insulin yophatikiza imaperekedwa kwa mphindi 15 asanadye.

Zingwe

Zotsatira zabwino za mankhwala a insulin:

kuchuluka kwa kapangidwe ka insulin,
kutsika kwa gluconeogeneis (kapangidwe ka glucose kochokera ku zinthu zopanda mafuta),
kupanga shuga wa chiwindi
kuponderezedwa kwa lipolysis (njira yogawa mafuta mu mafuta acids) mukatha kudya.

Ma insulin omwe amalowa m'thupi kuchokera kunja amaphatikizidwa ndi metabolism yamachilengedwe. Ikamazungulira m'magazi, pang'onopang'ono imalowa ziwalo zonse ndi minyewa, ndikuyambitsa ma mayendedwe a kayendedwe mwa iwo omwe amayang'anira shuga.

Ma molekyulu a ATP (adenosine triphosphoric acid) amapangidwa kuchokera ku glucose mu cytoplasm, omwe amachititsa mphamvu ndikuyambitsa metabolism m'thupi.

Insulin imayambitsa lipogenesis (kaphatikizidwe wamafuta m'chiwindi ndi minyewa ya adipose) ndikuletsa ntchito yamafuta amafuta achilengedwe mu metabolism yamphamvu.