Kodi mahomoni a chithokomiro amakhudza cholesterol?

Ziwalo zonse m'thupi la munthu zimakwaniritsa ntchito za wina ndi mnzake. Cholesterol ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chikugwirizana chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ma molekyulu achilengedwe pa maselo a ma cell ndi ma somatic. Kulumikizana uku kumaonekera bwino mu kusokonekera kwa chiwalo chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, kudziwika kwakanthawi kake komanso njira zokwanira zachipatala zingathandize kuti matendawo ayambenso kuchira komanso kukhazikitsa kusakhazikika kwa zamankhwala.

Kodi ubalewo uli kuti?

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi hypothyroidism kumawonedwa chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa njira ya metabolic. Madzi a chithokomiro a chithokomiro chotchedwa thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine amalimbikitsa kusinthana kwachilengedwe kwamapulotrotein okwera, otsika, otsika kwambiri, triglycerides ndi mamolekyulu a cholesterol. Mphamvu yawo ikapendekeka ndi kuchepa kwa ndende ya m'magazi, zida zina zamthupi zimagwira ntchito za mahomoni. Koma sangathe kupereka chipukuta mokwanira. Zotsatira zake, njira ya atherosclerotic imayamba mu makoma amitsempha.

Kodi chimagwira cholesterol ndi chithokomiro ndi chiyani?

Gland ya chithokomiro imapanga mahomoni a chithokomiro. Amayang'anira chiwongolero cha metabolism komanso kuwonongeka kwa mafuta. M'kati mwa timadzi timakhala iodine, yemwenso imalowa mu metabolism ya metabolism. Kuphwanya chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, omwe akuphatikizira kuphwanya kwamphamvu kwa dongosolo la lipid la thupi.

Madokotala amagawa cholesterol m'mitundu iwiri:

1. LDL ("yoyipa" cholesterol). Ngati cholesterol ikuchuluka kuposa 4 mmol / l, ndiye kuti imayamba kudziunjikira mkati mwa khoma lakale ndi lamitsempha. Kuphatikizika kwa zolengeza kumayambitsa zolembedwa za atherosselotic - kufalikira kwa mitsempha yamagazi. Thrombi iyambanso kupanga, atherosulinosis imayamba kukula. Cholesterol chachikulu cha "choyipa" choopsa ndichowopsa kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Ngati simukutsatira kuti muchepetse cholesterol, izi zimatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zoopsa: stroke, kugunda kwa mtima, ngakhale kufa. Nthawi zina mutha kutsitsa cholesterol potsatira zakudya zabwino, koma nthawi zina pangafunike kuthandizira opaleshoni.
2. HDL ("wabwino" cholesterol). Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol “yabwino” kumachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a mtima. Koma ngati mulingo wake utachepera kupitilira 1 mmol / l, ndiye kuti ziwalo zam'mimba zimakhala zofooka kwambiri ndipo sizingatheke kutsimikiza kagayidwe kake.

Ndi matenda ati omwe amayamba pamene chiwalo chikugwira ntchito molakwika

Kubwereranso ku nkhani ya chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso cholesterol, komanso ubale womwe ulipo pakati pawo, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa ma mahomoni kumapangitsa kusintha kwa magazi, ndipo izi zimaphwanya magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo zonse. Mtima wamtima uli pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwakukulu "LDL" komwe kumayambitsa zovuta izi:

• Kuchepetsa kwa minyewa yam'mimba kumayamba,
• atherosclerotic zolembera mawonekedwe
• kulephera kwa mtima kumachitika
• pali mwayi wa ischemia,
• chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima komanso sitiroko,
• ntchito yamtima yovuta (kulephera kwa mtima).

Titha kudziwa kuti cholesterol ndi chithokomiro ndi chimodzi chokha, ndipo ngati chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chitha, ndiye kuti ma lipids amayamba kuvulaza thupi lonse. Ndikotheka kupewa matenda amenewa ngati mumayesa magazi nthawi zonse ndi cholesterol. Pakupatuka pang'ono panjira yokhazikika, muyenera kuwona dokotala. Kupatula apo, kuphwanya mulingo wa lipids ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimayimira kusagwira bwino kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.

HDL yochepetsedwa ya "bwino" imavulaza thupi. Ngati simuyamba kulandira chithandizo munthawi yake, izi zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto ambiri, monga:

• kunenepa
• mavuto okhumba kugonana,
• mwayi wokhala wosabereka
• kukulitsa kwa mafupa,
• Kugwira ntchito molakwika m'mimba;
• mavuto amisala.

Tchera khutu ngati munthu atsatira moyo wathanzi: amadya ndikuchita masewera moyenera, ndiye, mwina, matenda amtundu wa endocrine kapena kubereka amakhudzanso cholesterol yotsika. Mulimonsemo, muyenera kuwona dokotala kuti azindikire. Izi zikuthandizani kuti muzindikire bwino komanso kukupatsani njira zamankhwala.

Matenda a chithokomiro

Gulu la matenda ndilosiyanasiyana kwambiri. Posachedwa, matenda a chithokomiro ayamba kufala, zomwe zimayambitsa nkhawa yayikulu pakati pa madokotala. Kuphwanya kupanga kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumayambitsa kusalinganika kwa machitidwe osiyanasiyana a thupi, kuphatikiza cholesterol.

Kuperewera kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumakhudza kapangidwe ka lipids yamagazi, omwe amawoneka mu mbiri ya lipid. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro pafupifupi pazochitika zonse kumabweretsa kusintha kwabwino mu mbiri ya lipid, ngakhale kupatuka kungatheke nthawi zina. Pali mgwirizano wina wogwira ntchito pakati pa mahomoni a chithokomiro (chithokomiro) ndi cholesterol yathunthu, LDL, HDL ndi zina zokhala ndi lipid.

Kuti mumvetsetse mgwirizano pakati pa mahomoni a chithokomiro ndi lipids zamagazi, muyenera kukhala ndi lingaliro lazokhudza mphamvu ya mahomoni a chithokomiro pakumanga kwa lipid.

Enzyme yotchedwa 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) ndiyofunikira pakapangidwe ka cholesterol. Kuchita kukuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins kutsitsa cholesterol kumalepheretsa ntchito ya enzyme iyi. Mahomoni a chithokomiro, nawonso, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera zochitika za HMGR.

Zotsatira pa Total Cholesterol

Ngakhale madotolo ambiri amalimbikitsabe kugwiritsa ntchito ma statin kuti achepetse cholesterol yofunikira, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti gawo lotsika kwambiri lazinthuzi sindiye njira yabwino. Kupatula apo, cholesterol ndi gawo lofunikira la zimagwira ma cell, motero imapezeka m'maselo onse a thupi. Zimathandizanso kusunga umphumphu, madzi amitsempha yama cell. Cholesterol ndizofunikira kwambiri zamahomoni a steroid ndipo imatanthauzanso kaphatikizidwe ka vitamini D. Popanda panganoli, thupi silingapangitse progesterone, estrogen, testosterone, cortisol, ndi mahomoni ena a steroid. Mu chiwindi, cholesterol imasinthidwa kuti ikhale ya bile, yofunikira pakufunikira kwa mafuta. Chifukwa chake, simuyenera kuyesa kuchepetsa zomwe zili pompopompo mpaka kufika pazokwanira; ndikwanira kukwaniritsa mulingo wake wabwinobwino.

Mkhalidwe womwe umatchedwa hypothyroidism umadziwika ndi mahomoni ochepa a chithokomiro. Ntchito ya chithokomiro ikachepa, nthawi zambiri izi zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa ntchito ya HMGR. Zotsatira zake, anthu omwe ali ndi Hashimoto's hypothyroidism ndi chithokomiro nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi cholesterol yayikulu.

Kuwonjezeka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro mwa odwala omwe ali ndi hyperthyroidism kungathandize kuti muchepetse cholesterol yokwanira, komanso LDL. Komabe, odwala omwe ali ndi hyperthyroidism ndi matenda a bazedovoy nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi cholesterol yathunthu ndi LDL.

Zotsatira pa LDL ndi HDL

Monga momwe dzinalo limanenera, lipoprotein imapangidwa ndi lipids ndi mapuloteni. Lipoproteins imanyamula mafuta kumagawo osiyanasiyana a thupi. LDL imatumiza mafuta kumakoma a mitsempha, yomwe imatha kutsogolera ku malo a atherosrance. Ndi hypothyroidism, milingo ya LDL imatha kuchuluka, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuwonongeka kwa phula ili. Pankhani ya hypothyroidism ndi matenda oyamba, kuchuluka kwa LDL m'magazi nthawi zambiri kumakhala koyenera kapena kochulukirapo.

Ma lipoproteins okwera kwambiri amasamutsa cholesterol kuchoka m'makoma amitsempha kupita chiwindi. Chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwakwe kwa HDL kumabweretsa chiopsezo chochepa cha atherosclerosis, cholesterol yamtunduwu imatchedwa "chabwino." Mu hypothyroidism, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa HDL nthawi zambiri kumakhala koyenera. Ndi kuchuluka kwa matendawa, zomwe zili mumtunduwu zitha kuchuluka.

Chomwe chikuwonjezeka pafupipafupi mu HDL mu hypothyroidism yoopsa ndikuchepa kwa ntchito za ma enzyme 2: hepatic lipase ndi cholesteryl ether kusamutsa mapuloteni. Zochita za ma enzymes amenewa zimayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni a chithokomiro. Ntchito yochepetsedwa ya michere iyi pamavuto akuluakulu a hypothyroidism imatha kuwonjezera milingo ya HDL.

Zotsatira pa Triglycerides

Anthu omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi triglycerides yabwinobwino kapena yapamwamba m'magazi awo. Odwala omwe ali ndi hyperthyroidism nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe azachilengedwe awa. Kafukufuku wazachipatala yemwe amafufuza kagayidwe ka triglyceride mwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la chithokomiro adawonetsa kuti triglycerides inali yachilendo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism (poganiza kuti kulemera kwakuthupi kwamthupi) ndi hyperthyroidism. Odwala omwe ali ndi hypothyroidism, omwe anali onenepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri anali atakweza ma triglycerides.

Kuchuluka kwa triglycerides m'magazi kungayambitsidwe osati kokha ndi hypothyroidism, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochulukirapo a chakudya ndi chakudya. Kuchulukitsidwa kwa triglycerides nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi insulin kukana, mtundu 2 shuga. Kukwezedwa kwa triglycerides m'magazi ndi chizindikiro chosavomerezeka.

Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amapangidwa ndi chiwindi. Ntchito yawo ndikuyendetsa mafuta ndi mafuta m'thupi kuzungulira. VLDL, poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya lipoprotein, ili ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa ma triglycerides, ndiko kuti, ndi mtundu wa cholesterol "yoyipa". Kukumana kwa VLDLP, monga triglycerides, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwabwinoko kapena kukwezedwa mu hypothyroidism. Odwala omwe ali ndi hyperthyroidism nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi mitengo yokhazikika yamtunduwu. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, omwe amadziwika ndi insulin, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi VLDL yambiri.

Lipid mbiri mawonekedwe

Ndichite chiyani kwa anthu omwe lipid yawo ndi yosauka? Izi ndi malingaliro olimbikitsa izi.

• Kukwaniritsa bwino mahomoni a chithokomiro. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la hyperthyroidism, matenda azidovy, amakonda kusintha mahomoni a chithokomiro. Komabe, kusapeza bwino kwa lipid mbiri kumaonekera kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la hypothyroidism, matenda a Hashimoto. Nzika zomwe zimakonda kutsika mahomoni a chithokomiro ndizochulukirapo zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol yokwanira, LDL, ndi VLDL. Ngati anthuwa ndi onenepa kapena onenepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti pali mwayi waukulu wokwezeka wa triglycerides. Kuwonjezeka kwa zomwe zimachitika mu mahomoni a chithokomiro m'thupi kungathandize kuti matenthedwe achuluke. Kuti muchepetse triglycerides, gulu la zakudya zoyenera nthawi zambiri limakhala lofunikira kwambiri.
• Kuchepetsa kudya chakudya. Pakati pazolembera zonse za lipid, triglycerides imawongoleredwa kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa zakudya. Ngati mwakweza ma triglycerides, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri mumatha kudya michere yambiri. Mwina muyenera kusinthira kuzakudya zophatikiza ndi zakudya zathunthu, komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya ndi shuga. Ndi njira iyi, zoopsa za kudya zamafuta ochulukirapo zimachepa.
• Katundu wokhazikika. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi moyenera komanso pafupipafupi kumatha kuchepetsa triglycerides, ngakhale zotsatira zoyenera nthawi zambiri zimatheka kudzera pakuphatikiza masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso zakudya.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa fiber. Nthawi zambiri, cholesterol yayikulu simamangidwa pazakudya. Komabe, kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri kumatha kuchepetsa cholesterol. Kafukufuku wambiri awonetsa kuti mafuta osungunuka ndi othandiza pakuchepetsa cholesterol yonse, LDL. Hypocholesterolemic zotsatira zimaphatikizidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwamafuta omwe amapangidwa pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kukhalapo kwa fiber mkati mwake. Mwachitsanzo, izi zimadziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maamondi, zomwe zimachepetsa mawonekedwe a lipid, komanso ndikuwonjezera HDL.
• Thandizo lochokera kuzakudya zina zopatsa thanzi. Zakudya zina zopatsa thanzi zingathandize kuchepetsa milingo ya lipid. Kwambiri amatsutsana ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi LDL. Zakudya zina zopatsa thanzi zimathandizanso kuchepetsa triglycerides, koma kusintha kwa zakudya kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri. Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kusakhazikika kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, omwe amatsogolera ku mfundo za lipid zolembera, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira kuti asinthe magazi.
• Adyo. Kafukufuku wambiri akuwonetsa kuti kumwa adyo kumathandizira kuphatikizika kwa lipid pamagazi. Kafukufuku m'makoswe adawonetsa kuti kudya adyo osaphika kumachepetsa shuga, triglycerides, ndi cholesterol. Kugwiritsa ntchito adyo owiritsa kunkadziwika ndi kufooka. Odwala omwe ali ndi magazi osawerengeka akamagwira theka la koloko ya adyo patsiku adakwanitsa kuchepetsa kwambiri mafuta m'thupi. Maphunziro omwewo adachitika pa ufa wa adyo ndi mafuta, ndipo zotsatirazo zinali zolimbikitsanso.
• Coenzyme Q10. Ngakhale coenzyme Q10 imaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa mafuta a cholesterol, kuchuluka kwa kuthekera kwake kwa kuphatikiza kapangidwe ka lipid m'magazi sikokwanira. Komabe, kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti coenzyme Q10 imathandizira pakuletsa ndi kuchiza kwa atherosclerosis. Kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku kachulukidwe kameneka kumathandizira ntchito ya ma antioxidant michere ndikuchepetsa zomwe zili ndi zotupa mwa anthu omwe akutenga ma statins. Komabe, maphunziro owonjezereka amafunikira okhudzana ndi zomwe zowonjezera izi zimakhudza mawonekedwe a lipid pamagazi. Pali umboni wina wosonyeza kuti coenzyme Q10 imathandizira kutsitsa magazi.
• Niacin. Kafukufuku awonetsa kuti niacin amachepetsa triglycerides, LDL, VLDL. Izi zimatheka chifukwa: kuchepa kwa kukhathamiritsa kwamafuta acids kuchokera kumalo osungirako a triglycerides mu adipose minofu, kuletsa kwa kapangidwe ka triglycerides mu hepatocytes, komwe kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa kuwonongeka kwa intracellular apolipoprotein B ndikuchepa kwa kapangidwe ka ma VLDL ndi LDL. Niacin amathanso kukulitsa milingo ya HDL. Kafukufuku wina wawonetsa kuti kutenga Mlingo wocheperako wa niacin ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yotsika mtengo yowonjezerera HDL. Zowonera pafupipafupi zawonetsa kuti niacin amalimbana ndi matenda amtima. Komabe, magwiritsidwe azinthuzi sanadziwikebe bwino, mwina sakukhudzana ndi malamulo a HDL. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pali zokonzekera zosiyanasiyana za niacin. Mitundu ina ya mankhwalawa imatha kuyambitsa zovuta m'maganizo. Mlingo wokwezeka wapadera wa niacin ungavulaze chiwindi.
• Phytosterols. Zomera zokhala ndi ma protein zimakhala ndi mafuta ofanana ndi a cholesterol. Komabe, alibe mtundu wina wa ethyl kapena methyl. Ma phytosterols amachepetsa mayamwidwe a cholesterol m'mimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi ake athe. Kuphatikiza pa kutsitsa cholesterol yathunthu, mankhwala awa atha kukhala othandiza kuchepetsa LDL.

Chochita ndi matenda a chithokomiro?

Ngati munthu ali ndi mavuto a chithokomiro kapena cholesterol yayikulu, ndiye kuti ayenera kufunsa katswiri.Nthawi zambiri izi zimatsatiridwa poyeserera magazi osiyanasiyana pazomwe zimakhala ndi mahomoni osiyanasiyana ndi ma lipid. Zotsatira za mayeserowa zikuthandizira adotolo kuti afotokozere za zovuta za chithokomiro.

Mphamvu yachipatala ya kulowetsa mankhwala a thyrotropic nthawi zina imathandizira kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi. Ntchito ya chithokomiro ikachepetsedwa pang'ono, sipangakhale chifukwa chothandizira m'malo mwake. M'malo mwake, dokotala amatha kukupatsani mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya cholesterol kapena mankhwala ena a cholesterol. Ndi hyperthyroidism, mankhwala okhala ndi ayodini wa radiyo amatha kuthandizidwa kuti muchepetse ntchito ya chithokomiro cha chithokomiro. Anthu ena omwe mankhwala a antithyroid amaphatikizidwa angafunikire kuchotsa gawo lalikulu la chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.

Pomaliza

Nkhani yomwe yaperekedwa imalongosola mgwirizano womwe ulipo pakati pa kusalinganika kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro komanso kapangidwe kazinthu ka lipid pamagazi. Kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa cholesterol ndi LDL. Zingayambitsenso kuwonjezeka kwa triglycerides, makamaka kwa anthu onenepa kapena onenepa kwambiri.

Anthu omwe ali ndi hyperthyroidism, matenda a bazedovy nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi cholesterol yabwinobwino kapena yotsika. Komabe, mukamamwa mankhwala a antithyroid, hypothyroidism yochepa imatha kuchitika, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonjezeka kwa LDL. Pofuna kusintha momwe magazi amaphatikizira ndi lipid. Zakudya zina zopatsa thanzi zingakhale zothandiza, mwachitsanzo, adyo, coenzyme Q10, niacin, phytosterols.

Dziwani ma mahomoni a chithokomiro omwe amapereka mayi

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Kwa thupi laumunthu, chinsinsi cha thanzi ndi ubale wokwanira pakati pa ntchito ya machitidwe onse, pomwe mmodzi mwa omwe amayang'anira ntchitoyo ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro - gawo la endocrine, momwe zinthu zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe - mahomoni - amapangidwira ndikugonjera mumtsempha wamagazi. Amatenga gawo limodzi muzochitika zamagulu amanjenje, zamtima, zoberekera, kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa thupi, kusintha kwa thupi ndi kulemera kwa munthu. Zotsatira zosasangalatsa zimadziwonetsa pang'onopang'ono kupatuka kwazinthu zachilengedwe za mahomoni a chithokomiro. Mvetsetsani zomwe zimayambitsa ndi kukula kwa kuphwanya kulola mayeso a mahomoni awa. Tidziwa kuti ndi mahomoni a chithokomiro, bwanji komanso nthawi yoperekera mkazi.

Mikhalidwe yotsatirayi imatha kukhala chifukwa chokayikira kuti kuphwanya kwa endocrine system:

• Kulemera kapena kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi popanda chifukwa chomveka,
• Kukumbukira, kusamalitsa, kuphunzira,
• Kuchepa kwa ntchito, kusowa mphamvu,
• Mawu okweza, mawu odekha,
• Emotional lability mu mawonekedwe a mantha owonjezereka, misozi, mantha osaneneka, chidwi, kukhumudwa,
• Kusowa tulo kapena kugona mosalekeza,
• Mtima palpitations, kuthamanga kwa magazi, mtima arrhythmias,
• Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwam'mimba thirakiti - kudzimbidwa kapena kutsekula m'mimba,
• Kutayika kwa tsitsi, misomali yophweka, khungu louma kapena thukuta kwambiri,
• Minofu ndi kupweteka kwa molumikizana
• Kutayika kwa tsitsi pamutu,
• Mutu wapafupipafupi
• Kuchulukitsa kwa matenda opumira kwambiri komanso matenda ena opatsirana, omwe amalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa chitetezo chathupi,
• Msambo wosasamba, kupweteka kwambiri kwa msambo, umatchulidwa premenstrual syndrome,
• Kuchepa kapena kusowa kwa chilakolako chogonana, pafupipafupi, kusabereka mwana.

Madokotala otsatirawa amatha kukupatsani mankhwala - dokotala wazamankhwala, endocrinologist, zamtima, ndi zina zotero.

Zonse zimatengera mzimayi yemwe amadandaula.

Ndimayeso ati omwe amapereka?

Mayeso a mahormone amafunikira mkazi aliyense woyamba.

Chonde onani apa mndandanda wamahomoni awa kuti munthu athe kuwawona pomwepo, ndipo pokhapokha ngati mukufunika kuwerenga zomwe zalembedwa pansipa

Timadzi tonunkhira ya chithokomiro (thyrotropin) imapangidwa makamaka m'matumbo a chiwalo - chiwalo chomwe chili mkati mwa dongosolo lamanjenje. Kutsitsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro palokha - T3 ndi T4 - kumayambitsa njira zambiri zomwe zimathandizira ntchito ya pituitary gland, yomwe imathandizira kupanga mahomoni opatsa chidwi a chithokomiro.

Momwe magazi amayendera, TSH imafikira ku chithokomiro ndipo imangiriza zigawo zina, ndikuyambitsa mayankho awiri:

1. kuchuluka kwa mahomoni T3 ndi T4,
2. kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito yogawa maselo a chithokomiro, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa chiwalo chonse.

TSH iyenera kutengedwa nthawi zonse ngati pali kukayikira kwa vuto la chithokomiro, chifukwa limagwira ngati gawo lalikulu la mahisitimu awo.

Mahomoni a chithokomiro (T4 ndi T3) mu minofu ndi ziwalo ali ndi gawo la oyang'anira a metabolism control, kukhazikitsa komwe kumachitika mosasamala kanthu ndi zochita za anthu. M'maloto, thupi limagwiranso ntchito chifukwa mtima umagwira nthawi zonse, minyewa yopuma imawongola mapapu, komanso matumbo a peristalsis. Popanda njirazi, moyo ndiwosatheka, momwe mahomoni awa amachititsa.

Mitundu yambiri ya chithokomiro imapanga mahomoni a T4 (thyroxine) - mpaka 91-92%. Maperesenti otsalawo amakhala ndi mahomoni T3 - 8-9%, omwe amapangidwa kunja kwa thupi kuchokera kwa omwe adamulamulira -

T4 - kudzera munjira zamapangidwe amtundu wa biochemical, kupereka mphamvu yayikulu mu mphamvu ya metabolism, chifukwa nthawi zambiri imakhala yogwira kuposa thyroxine.

Ndikofunikira kujambula mzere wofunikira pakati pa malingaliro a "T4 yaulere", "T3 yaulere", "T4 wamba" ndi "T3 wamba".

Kusamutsa kwa ma mahoni kudzera pabedi lamitsempha kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito thyroxin-binding globulin (TSH), yomwe, mutalowa m'magazi a T4 ndi T3, "amawagwira" ndikuwanyamula kupita kumalo komwe amafunikira kwambiri. Ma mahomoni omwe amalumikizidwa ndi TSH sangathe kugwira ntchito zawo mpaka "atatsegula" wonyamula. Kusanthula kwa "T4 kwathunthu mahomoni" "T3 kwathunthu mahomoni" ndiye kuchuluka kwa mahomoni omasulidwa. Chifukwa chake, chodziwikiratu kwambiri ndicho kuperekedwa kwa “ma T4 aulere” komanso “ma T3 aulere”, popeza amagwira ntchito zoyambira.

Pamodzi ndi chizindikiritso cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, pali tanthauzo la ma antibodies motsutsana ndi ma receptor, ma enzymes ndi ziwalo za chithokomiro, zomwe nthawi zambiri ndizofunikira kwambiri pakufotokozera komanso kuzindikira.

Ma antibodies ndiwachiwiri pamzere wofufuza.

Onerani kanema pamutuwu

Ma antibodies ku chithokomiro cha chithokomiro

Thyroperoxidase (TPO) imathandizira pakupanga mahomoni a chithokomiro, monga enzyme. Chitetezo cha mthupi chitasokonekera, ma antibodies a enzyme yomwe yatchulidwa amayamba kupanga, zomwe zimakhudza kapangidwe ka T4 ndi T3, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwawo m'magazi. Kuwunika kwa ma antibodies ku chithokomiro cha chithokomiro ndi njira yothandizira pakuwunika matenda oyamba ndi matenda oyamba: matenda am'munsi, Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Ma antibodies ku chithokomiro cholimbikitsa mahomoni

Kuzindikira kwa ma antibodies ku chithokomiro cholimbitsa mahomoni (rTTG) ndikofunikira kokha mwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto loopsa la matenda oopsa (matenda a bazedova). Zotsatira zamaphunziro osiyanasiyana zikuwonetsa kuthekera kotsika kuchiritsa matendawa kokha ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi mankhwala ambiri a antibodies a TSH receptors.

Zikatero, kuchitapo kanthu opaleshoni nthawi zambiri kumafunikira.

Ma antibodies a thyroglobulin

Kuwonjezeka kwa ma antibodies ku thyroglobulin kumawonedwa ndimatenda a poyizoni ndi Hashimoto thyroiditis, koma chiwopsezo chofunikira kwambiri cha ma antibodies awa ndimankhwala amitundu ina ya khansa ya chithokomiro. Thyroglobulin imayendera mahomoni a chithokomiro ndipo imatha kupanga minyewa yokha ya chithokomiro ndi maselo a khansa ya chithokomiro ya papillary ndi follicular. Opaleshoni yochotsa chiwalo chokhala ndi chotupa cha khansa kumabweretsa kuti zomwe zili mu herroglobulin zimayandikira pang'ono kapena sizinatsimikizike.

Kupanda kutero, pali chiopsezo chobwererenso khansa. Komabe, odwala oterewa ali ndi chiopsezo chopanga kuchuluka kwa ma antibodies ku thyroglobulin ndi maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi omwe angagwirizane nawo, zomwe zingapangitse kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka thyroglobulin palokha komanso kulephera kuzindikiritsa m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito openda.

Chifukwa chake, pakuwonetsetsa kusantaku, ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kuphatikiza tanthauzo la thyroglobulin ndi ma antibodies kwa iwo.

Mahomoni ena otheka

Mtundu wina wa khansa - medullary - umatulutsa timadzi tambiri tam'magazi, timene timapangidwa ndimitundu C yomwe imakhala mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.

Ntchito yayikulu ya calcitonin mthupi ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwazomwe zimakhala ndimafupa komanso mulingo woyenera wa calcium m'magazi. Khansa ya Medullary imapangidwa kuchokera ku maselo a pathological a mtundu C, chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa calcitonin m'magazi nthawi zambiri kumakhala ngati chimodzi mwa chotupa. Kuzindikira khansa kumayamba chifukwa cha njira yoyenera kuchitira opaleshoni - njira yabwino kwambiri komanso ndiyo njira yokhayo yochizira matenda awa.

Malangizo a ku Europe akuwonetsa kufunika kwa kutsimikiza kamodzi kwa mulingo wa calcitonin wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, atha kusintha khansa yapakati pake.

Kukonzekera koyenera kusanthula

Kukonzekera kuperekera magazi mayeso ndi njira yabwino. Kutsatira malamulo otsatirawa kumakupatsani mwayi wopewa kuzindikira zolakwika ndikuzindikiritsa matendawa ndikusankha kwamayendedwe othandizira:

1. Kuyamwa magazi molondola kumachitika kuchokera m'mitsempha ya ulnar m'mawa kuyambira 7:00 mpaka 10:00, popeza, koyambirira, ndikofunikira kupewa kudya kwakanthawi kwa maola 10 mpaka 12, ndipo chachiwiri, pali umboni kuti kuti chithokomiro chimagwira ntchito yake yapamwamba kwambiri m'mawa.
2. Ndikofunika kuti mukafike ku labotale 20-30 mphindi isanakwane nthawi yobereka kuti muchepetse ndikupumula.
3. Magazi amatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. M'mawa, kumwa madzi oyera pang'ono pang'ono ndikololedwa.
4. Masiku atatu asanafike mayeso, ndikofunikira kupatula zakudya zachangu, zokazinga, zamchere, zosuta, zotsekemera, ma muffin, confectionery, zakumwa zokoma za kaboni, khofi ndi zakumwa zina zomwe zimakhala ndi caffeine kuchokera pachakudya.
5. Kwa mwezi umodzi, mankhwala okhala ndi ayodini amayimitsidwa, ndipo kwa masiku 7-10 mukuyenera kuyimitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana, njira zakulera za pakamwa, aspirin, mahomoni, koma palibe chifukwa chomwe mungathe kuzimitsa nokha. Ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala.
6. Kukana mowa mu masiku 2-3, muyenera kupewa kusuta osachepera m'mawa patsiku loyesa.
7. Munthu sayenera kudwala matenda opatsirana komanso otupa, chifukwa mphuno iliyonse yosavuta imatha kupotoza zotsatira za mayeso.
8. Zosafunikira zofunika masiku atatu mpaka anayi asanaperekedwe magazi: MRI, ultrasound, radiography. Njira zolimbitsa thupi sizilimbikitsidwanso.
9. Zochita zamasewera (zolimbitsa thupi, zolemetsa), Hypothermia kapena kutentha kwambiri (Sauna, kusamba), zogonana ziyenera kuthetsedwa tsiku lisanafike maphunziro.
10. Kukhala kofunikira kwambiri kupewetsa kupsinjika kwakukulu, nyengo zotsutsana masiku 7-10 asanafike kusanthula, muyenera kuyang'anira bata la mantha.

Kodi tsiku loti azunguke?

Mutha kutenga mayeso tsiku lililonse la msambo, koma kuti mumvetsetse kwathunthu, Association of Medical akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuyamwa magazi kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kuyambira pa 3 mpaka tsiku la 8 la kusamba.

Ndimikhalidwe yanji yomwe ilipo?

Zizindikiro zamayeso azotsatira zimasiyana malinga ndi zovuta zambiri: m'badwo wa munthuyo, ma reagents, zida zamagetsi zothandizira, zomwe zimatsimikizira mawonekedwe ake (owerengeka). Komabe, kusiyana kwa ma labotale sikuli kwakukulu kwambiri, kotero zizindikiro zotsatirazi zitha kusiyanitsidwa:

• TSH - 0.4 - 4.0 μMU / L,
• T3 yathunthu - 1.3 - 2.7 nmol / l,
• T3 yaulere - 2.3 - 6.3 pmol / l,
• T4 yathunthu - 54 - 156 nmol / l,
• T4 yaulere - 10.4 - 24.4 pmol / l,
• Ma antibodies ku TVET - Ndingayesedwe kuti?

Masiku ano, mayeso athunthu amatha kutengedwa m'makirinishi ambiri, omwe amapulumutsa nthawi ndi ndalama.

Mabungwe otsatirawa akuchita izi amadziwika ku Moscow: International Medical Center "He Clinics", "Invitro", "Lab 4 U", "Miracle Doctor", CELT, "CDS Clinics", "ProfMedLab", "Diamed", "IsceLine ".

Ku St. Petersburg, amachita ku Unified Medical Center, North-West Center for Endocrinology, Multidisciplinary Medical Center, Family World, Labtest, Avanta, Madis, Doctor Yavida, Helix ndi ena.

Kusankha kwa labotali kumakhalabe ndi wodwalayo.

Mitengo imayikidwa kutengera mtengo wa zida zamakono, ma reagents, kuthamanga kwa kafukufuku. Nthawi zambiri, kuwunika mtengo kwambiri kumachitika kangapo mwachangu kuposa njira yachuma. Kusintha kwamitengo yoyenera pa ntchito zomwe zaperekedwa:

• Kusanthula pa T3 ndi T4 - kuchokera 300 mpaka 550 ma ruble,
• Pa TTG - kuchokera ku ruble 250 mpaka 510,
• Ma antibodies ku TPO - kuchokera ku ruble 350 mpaka 620,
• Ma antibodies kupita ku TSH receptor - kuchokera ku 500 mpaka 1500 rubles,
• Ma antibodies kupita ku thyroglobulin - kuyambira 350 mpaka 620 rubles,
• Kwa thyroglobulin - kuyambira 450 mpaka 830 rubles,
• Kwa calcitonin - kuchokera 1100 mpaka 1250 rubles.

Pomaliza, ndikofunikira kunena za kufunikira kwa chidwi chathanzi lanu.

Thupi lathu limatha kufaniziridwa ndi kulowererapo kosinthika ndipo kuwonongeka kwa magetsi aliwonse kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa pang'onopang'ono.

Ma mahomoni omwe nthabwala zake ndi zoyipa momwe mungathere ndizowunikira mumsewu. Nthawi zonse muziyang'ana “zida” ndi kudzisamalira.

Kodi cholesterol yapamwamba ndi chithokomiro zimagwirizana?

• Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwa nthawi yayitali
• Imabwezeretsa kapangidwe ka insulin

Mwinanso aliyense amadziwa kuti chifukwa cha chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso cholesterol, kagayidwe ka thupi kamayendetsedwa. Chifukwa cha ubalewo, zimakhudza ntchito ya ziwalo zonse, koma ndikamayang'ana pang'ono, zimatha kuvulaza. Ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, ntchito ya ziwalo zina, kuphatikizapo chithokomiro, imasokonekera.

Horm yomwe imapangidwa mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro imagwira nawo ntchito ya metabolism ya mafuta.

Hormone iyi ndi m'gulu la mahomoni a chithokomiro. Kuphatikizikako kumakhala ndi ayodini, yemwe amatha kuchita zamtundu wa lipid metabolism. Kupanga kwa mahomoni kungachepetse ngati vuto la chithokomiro likulephera.

Pamaso pa matenda amtunduwu, kusagwirizana kwa lipid kumachitika.

Owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito bwino Aterol kutsitsa cholesterol. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Akatswiri azachipatala amagawa cholesterol m'mitundu ingapo:

• HDL kapena cholesterol yabwino. Ndi mulingo wabwinobwino wa cholesterol iyi, chiwopsezo cha mtima kapena matenda a mtima amachepetsa kwambiri. Ngati chizindikirochi chikugwera, kagayidwe kamasokonekera, chifukwa gawo ili ndi gawo la kapangidwe kazinthu. Kugwira bwino ntchito kwa thupi, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol uku kuyenera kukhala koyenera koyambirira.
• LDL kapena cholesterol yoyipa. Momwe zimachitika kuti cholesterol yamtunduwu imaposa 4 mamililita imodzi pa lita, kudzikundikira kwa chinthucho m'magazi kumachitika.Pakapita kanthawi, cholesterol yoyipa imayikidwa pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi ndikusinthidwa kukhala cholembera cha atherosulinotic, kutseka kuwunikira kwa mitsempha, komwe kumapangitsa kuti kusakhale kotheka kusamutsa magazi kupita kuma cell a ziwalo mumachitidwe abwinobwino.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ayenera kusamala kwambiri ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso cholesterol yayikulu m'magazi. Ngati cholesterol yokhala ndi matenda yotere ikakhala yopitilira muyeso kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti pamakhala chiwopsezo chogundidwa ndi mtima ndi sitiroko, komanso kuthekera kwakukulu kowopsa.

Pali njira zambiri zochepetsera cholesterol - zakudya, mankhwala, wowerengeka azitsamba.

Chifukwa chiyani ayodini akufunika pa thupi?

Zinthu zonse zazing'ono komanso zazikulu ndizofunikira kuti thupi la munthu lizigwira ntchito bwino.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimatsata ndi iodine, yomwe imakhudza kwambiri momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito.

Cholemacho chimalowa m'thupi kuchokera kwina ndi chakudya ndi madzi. Wachikulire ayenera kulandira 150mkg wa ayodini tsiku lililonse. Ngati munthu akuchita nawo masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, ndiye kuti mlingo patsiku umakulira mpaka ma 200 ma CD.

Akatswiri ena amapereka zakudya za ayodini zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa cholesterol yoyipa ndikukulitsa cholesterol yabwino. Ma mahomoni omwe chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chimatulutsa nthawi zambiri chimagwira ntchito pokhapokha pali ayodini wokwanira m'thupi.

Pafupifupi 30% ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a chithokomiro awononga cholesterol. Pokayikira pang'ono pakukanika kugwira ntchito m'thupi, muyenera kulumikizana ndi akatswiri, mayeso, funsani dokotala za kugwiritsa ntchito ayodini wa microadditives.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a iodine popanda mavitamini E ndi D, chifukwa siimakamizidwa ndi thupi popanda iwo.

Ofufuza asayansi apeza kuti radishi, mpiru, kolifulawa, kabichi wofiira amatha kuletsa kuyamwa kwa ayodini. Kutengera izi, osavomerezeka kudya nawo ndi zowonjezera za ayodini.

Koma zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi manganese, mkuwa, cobalt ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ndi ayodini, chifukwa zimathandizira kuyamwa kwake.

Ndikusowa kwa ma amino acid mthupi, kaphatikizidwe ka mahomoni a chithokomiro amachepetsa. Zomwe zimakhudza metabolidi ya lipid ndi cholesterol m'magazi.

Kuchepetsa njira za biosynthesis mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kumakhala ndi vuto pa tsitsi, misomali ndi khungu la thupi.

Kuti ayodini alowe m'thupi mokwanira, muyenera kuyang'anira kudya.

Madzi ali ndi pafupifupi 15 mgg / 100 ml ya ayodini. Chifukwa chake, pafupifupi lita imodzi yamadzi amchere amayenera kukhala oledzera patsiku.

Zogulitsa zomwe zili ndi ayodini wambiri (izi zingwerenso zimawerengeredwa pa 100 grm za mankhwala):

• nsomba - 200 mcg,
• chiwindi cha cod - 350 mcg,
• cod - 150 mcg,
• shrimp -200 mcg,
• osati maapulo a peeled -75 mcg,
• mafuta amafuta -650 mcg,
• sea ​​kale -150 mcg,
• mkaka - 25 mcg.

Kuphatikiza apo, ayodini wamkulu amapezeka m'masimu. Chipatsochi chimakhala ndi 35 mcg wa element pa gramu 100 za chinthu.

Kodi alanine aminotransferase ndiyofunikira ndi komwe ili

Alanine aminotransferase m'thupi amagwira ntchito yofunika potenga kagayidwe ka amino acid, makamaka ma amino acid alanine. Iyenso, amagwira ntchito popereka mphamvu ku dongosolo lamanjenje lamkati, kulimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira, kuwongolera kagayidwe kazinthu ndikupanga ma lymphocyte.

Komwe ALT Ili:

• Chiwindi (kwambiri)
• Impso
• Mapapu
• Zikondwerero
• Minofu
• Mtima

Kusanthula kwa ALT, malamulo operekera komanso miyambo

ALT imaphatikizidwa pakuwunika kwamwazi wamagazi limodzi ndi ma transaminase ena. Ndikofunikira kuti mupereke kusanthula pamimba yopanda kanthu, m'mawa. Pewani mowa mu sabata limodzi. Pafupifupi maola asanu ndi atatu ayenera kudutsa chakudya chamadzulo. Zonsezi ndizofunikira kuti tipeze deta yodalirika. Kumwa mankhwala ena kumakhudza gawo la ALT, ndichifukwa chake mukamamwa mankhwala oteteza pakamwa, aspirin, paracetamol, warfarin, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala izi.

Nthawi zambiri, zomwe ALT zimapezeka mwa abambo zimakwana 40 / lita, mwa akazi mpaka mayunitsi 30 / lita. Mwa ana, kutengera zaka, mankhwalawa amatha kukhala mpaka magawo 49 / lita mwa akhanda, mpaka magawo 59 / lita zosakwana chaka chimodzi. Kuchokera zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, malire apamwamba amakhala mozungulira 33, kenako amayamba kuchepa. Pazaka 12 - zikhalidwe sizoposa 39 magawo / lita.

Zifukwa zokulitsira ALT

Kuwonjezeka kwa ALT m'magazi kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo. Ndi matenda ati omwe amatsogolera pamenepa?

Hepatitis ndi njira yovuta kapena yotupa yotupa mu chiwindi cha matenda opatsirana kapena zopatsa thanzi. Virtual hepatitis imayamba pamene kachilombo ka hepatitis (A, B, C, D, E ndi F). Komanso, matendawa amatha kukhala asymptomatic kwa nthawi yayitali. Mwachitsanzo, kachilombo ka hepatitis C kachilombo kamatchedwa "wakupha wofatsa", popeza kwa nthawi yayitali, amawononga maselo a chiwindi, samadziwonetsa. Pamapeto pake, matenda amisempha amakula. Alpatary hepatitis yaukali imayamba mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimawononga maselo a chiwindi. Makamaka, kumwa kwa nthawi yayitali kumabweretsa.

Cirrhosis ya chiwindi ndi chotsatira cha kuwonongeka konse kwa chiwindi, maselo owonongeka atasinthidwa ndi minyesi yolumikizana, ndipo sangathenso kuchita ntchito zake. Zonsezi zimabweretsa chiwindi kulephera komanso zovuta zazikulu.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti, kuwonjezera pa ALT, hepatitis yacute imayendera limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ma transaminase ena (AST, GGTP), ndipo mulingo wa bilirubin umakulanso.

Pancreatitis - kuwonongeka kwa kapamba ndi necrosis ya minofu yake. Zomwe zimapangidwira ndikuzunza zakudya zamafuta ndi mowa kapena miyala yam'mimba. Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto losatha la kapamba ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa chizindikirochi pamoyo wawo wonse kuti ateteze kuchuluka.

Kuchulukitsidwa kwakukulu kwa ALT pa AST kudzakhala ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, ndipo ngati kuli kosiyana - ndi mtima.

Myocarditis ndimatenda otupa a mtima, omwe amadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa minofu yamtima. Muno, kuyezetsa magazi kumakhalanso ndi kuchuluka kwa ALT ndi AST.

Kuwotcha, frostbite, kulephera kwa ziwalo zingapo, kuvulala kwambiri - zonsezi zimayendera limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa ALT.

Komanso njira za oncological mu ziwalo zapamwambazi ndi zifukwa zomwe ALT imakwezedwa.

Mimba

Pakati pathupi, mu trimester yoyamba, kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa ALT ndikotheka. Palibe chowopsa pamenepa, ndizokhudza thupi ndipo zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi pakati pathupi. Ngati ALT ikuwonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo zizindikiritso zimawonekera, ndikulakalaka kukaonana ndi dokotala kuti amupime.

Zizindikiro zakukula kwa alanine transaminase m'magazi ndizosiyanasiyana. Chithunzi cha chipatala ndi chifukwa cha chiwalo chomwe chakhudzidwa ndi matenda omwe adayambitsa izi.

Kuchokera ku chiwindi

Ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, kupweteka kwa hypochondrium yoyenera, nseru, kusanza ndikotheka. Kutheka kosavuta kwa khungu, icteric sclera. Ndi virology eti, pakhoza kukhala matenda oopsa. Ndi chitukuko cha cirrhosis, totupa kuoneka ngati thupi asterisks, kuwonjezeka pamimba chifukwa cha ascites (kudzikundikira kwamadzi m'mimba).

Mitsempha ya Varicose (esophagus, m'mimba), yomwe imatha kupanikizika ndi magazi. Pang'onopang'ono, kufooka kwamitundu yambiri kumayamba.

Kuchokera mumtima

Njira yopweteka kwambiri yamatenda a mtima imatheka, kapena atypical, ululu ukapezekanso pamimba, kapena kukomoka kwambiri kukayamba. Kuphatikiza pa kupweteka, kuphwanya kwa mtima mungoli, kutsika kwa magazi. Omvetsetsa adafooka, kuwopa kufa, kuzizira.

Pamaso pa ndondomeko ya oncological mu gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa, kuchepa kwamphamvu kwakanthawi kochepa, kufooka, komanso kutopa kwakutali ndikotheka.

Zizindikiro

Kuzindikira matendawa, zomwe zimayambitsa ALT yowonjezereka, zimachitika ndi madokotala pogwiritsa ntchito njira zonse zopezeka. Nthawi zambiri, pamwadzidzidzi, popeza pakati pawo pali matenda omwe amawopseza moyo ndikuwapangitsa kulumala.

Kuyesedwa koyenera kwama biochemical kungayambitse njira yoyenera yodziwira. Chifukwa chake, pali lingaliro la index ya de retis, ndilo muyeso wa kuchuluka kwa AST ndi ALT. Kukula kwake ndi 0.91-1.75.

Ngati zidutsa ziwirizi, ndiye kuti chifukwa chake pamlingo wamtima. Ngati ochepera, ndiye kuti chiwindi chimakhudzidwa.

Ku chipatala, kumayesedwa kwathunthu, kuphatikiza pa kuwunika kwa MRI kapena CT, mayeso apamwamba a magazi ndi mkodzo. Njira zowonongeka zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito, monga puncture biopsy ndi angiography yamitsempha yama mtima. Zonsezi zimakuthandizani kuti mupange kuzindikira koyambirira ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo.

Pofuna kuchepetsa mulingo wa ALT, ndikofunikira kuchiritsa matenda omwe adayambitsa izi, pambuyo pake chizolowezi cha ALT chibwerera chokha.

Matenda akulu monga pancreatic necrosis, kuchuluka kwa myocardial infarction, chiwindi chachikulu, chophatikizika ndi kufooka kwa ziwalo zingapo, amathandizidwa m'chipinda chothandizira kwambiri.

Chithandizo cha matenda aliwonse ndicholunjika ndipo sizikupanga nzeru kupaka utoto. Mawu ochepa amatha kulangizidwa kwa anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala omwe amakhudza chiwindi, komanso oledzera. Zikatero, zimakhala zofunikira kumwa nthawi ndi nthawi ma hepatoprotectors (carlsil, zofunika) ndikuteteza maselo a chiwindi kuti asawonongeke, potero amachepetsa ALT.

Ndi matenda ambiri, monga kapamba, hepatitis, zakudya ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kuchepetsa kumwa kapena kuthetsa mafuta onse, zonunkhira, utsi, mchere komanso mowa. Pofuna kupewa kufalikira, moyo wabwino ukhale cholinga chanu!

Matenda kumbuyo kwa kuphwanya

Madokotala ndi asayansi amasiyanitsa njira zotsatirazi zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi kusalinganika:

• Benign ndi ma neoplasms oyipa mu chithokomiro. Samachita metastasize, koma amawononga ntchito ya chiwalo, amachepetsa mphamvu yake yopanga mahomoni.
• Autoimmune chithokomiro. Matendawa amadzionetsa ngati hypofunction ndipo amayamba chifukwa cha kuwukira kwa maselo ake a chitetezo m'thupi la glandular, pomwe chithokomiro chikulephera kutulutsa bwino T3 (triiodothyronine) ndi T4 (tetraiodothyronine).
• Kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo la hypothalamic-pituitary. Chowunikira chomwe chimapezeka muubongo. Kupanga kwa TSH kotentha kumatsika kwambiri, komwe kumatha kulumikizana ndi ma receptor a zigawo zapadera za gland ndikuthandizira kapangidwe ka mamolekyulu a mahomoni pamenepo.

Njira zoyendera

High cholesterol ndi otsika T3 ndi T4 angadziwike pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a labotale. Koma maphunziro othandizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri omwe amatha kukhazikitsa chomwe chimayambitsa, chifukwa chomwe panali kuwonjezeka kwa zinthu zina ndi kuchepa kwa ena. Chitani zotsatirazi njira:

• Kupima kwakunja ndi kakhosi kwa khosi. Pamaso pa mfundo, dzino lambiri limayikiridwa ndi autoimmune chithokomiro.
• Kuyesedwa kwa magazi konse. Machitidwe a autoimmune nthawi zambiri amakhudza zamtundu wa lymphocytic ndi leukocyte, chifukwa cha zomwe adzakulitsidwa.
• Gulu la ma Hormonal. Zimakuthandizani kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa thyroxine, triiodothyronine, chithokomiro cha chithokomiro (TSH) ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi ma pathological.
• Lipidogram. Chizindikiro cha Laborator chikuwonetsa ubale pakati pa otsika komanso otsika kwambiri a lipoproteins, triglycerides ndi cholesterol "yabwino".
• Kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi. Pamene zigawo za zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimaphwanyidwa m'thupi, sayansi ya zamankhwala imachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ma transaminases m'magazi - alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase ndi gamma-glutamyl transferase. Bilirubin wosalozera nthawi zina amatuluka.
• Kuyesa kwa Ultrasound m'khosi. Zimakuthandizani kuzindikira zisindikizo za anechogenic ndi ma hypoechoic node.
• Kuyerekezera ndi maginito okonzanso. Njira zaluso kwambiri izi zimapangitsa kukhazikitsa kuzindikira koyenera.

Njira zochizira

Ndizotheka kuchepetsa cholesterol ndi hypothyroidism mothandizidwa ndi zakudya, mankhwala, komanso kuchitapo kanthu opaleshoni. Pazakudya za odwala, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse zomwe zimakhala zamafuta a nyama, mafuta ndi nyama yokazinga. Muyenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber, ma antioxidants ndi mavitamini ofunikira. Pakati pa mankhwala, zokonda zimaperekedwa monga Eutirox ndi l-thyroxine. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku tiziwalo tating'onoting'ono ta chithokomiro cha nyama ndipo amatha kubwezera kufooka kwawo mthupi la munthu.

Ntchito zimayambiranso kupezeka kwa autoimmune chithokomiro Hashimoto kapena Riedel goiter. Chithokomiro chimachitidwanso ma neoplasms oyipa. Kuti alowe m'malo mwamankhwala pambuyo poyambapo, Eutirox akulimbikitsidwa.

Kuwongolera kwa kholesterol pamene chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chikuchotsedwa

Mu nthawi ya ntchito, mayeso a labotale ayenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi kuti athe kuwongolera zakumbuyo ya mahomoni m'thupi. Ngati wodwala wakweza cholesterol pang'onopang'ono, amalangizidwa kuti amwe mankhwala ochepetsa lipid - ma statin ndi "Nicotinic acid" moyo wonse. Komanso, wodwalayo ayenera kutsatira zakudya zokhwima kuti njira ya atherosselotic mu makoma a mtima isasokoneze ziwalo zofunika. Kuthandizira pang'onopang'ono kwa ma analogi a chithokomiro kumakupatsani mwayi wolamulira momwe wodwalayo alili.

Kugwirizana pakati pa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro ndi cholesterol

Kuti mudziwe momwe mahomoni a chithokomiro amagwirira ntchito pakuwongolera kagayidwe ka lipid, ndikofunikira, mwapadera, kuti mudziwe bwino zachilengedwe zokhudza cholesterol kagayidwe.

1. Gawo losafunikira la cholesterol (1/5 ya kuchuluka kwake) amachokera kunja Ndi nyama. M'maselo a mucosa am'mimba, amamangiriza kunyamula mapuloteni, chifukwa sangathe kuzungulira magazi mokha. Kuchokera m'matumbo, ma protein-lipid complexes amalowa m'chiwindi kuti asinthe zina.
2. Chiwindi imagwiritsa ntchito cholesterol (4/5 yotsala). Onse cholesterol obwera komanso opangidwa, amamangiriza kale ndi mapuloteni ena. Choyamba, mankhwala amakhala ndi cholesterol yambiri komanso mapuloteni ochepa (lipoproteins okhala ndi kachulukidwe kochepa kwambiri). Kenako maselo a chiwindi amawonjezeranso mapuloteni ena, ndipo zotsatira zake, miloproteins yotsika imapangidwa. Ndizinthu zofunika pazinthu zambiri zathupi.
3. LDL imalowa m'magazi ndikulowa m'maselo a minofu yomwe ikusowa. Omaliza amagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kuti apange mamangidwe awo a cell, kutulutsa mphamvu, kuphatikiza mahomoni a steroid, ndikusintha proitamin D kukhala vitamini womaliza. LDL yosadziwika ikupitirirabe kudzera m'magazi, ndipo imayikidwa pang'onopang'ono m'makoma amitsempha. Ndiye chifukwa chake amatchedwa cholesterol "yoyipa".
4. Ma lipoproteins otsika kwambiri omwe amalowetsedwa m'maselo amapatsa cholesterol, ndipo potero amawonjezera kuchuluka kwawo: mwa iwo, gawo lalikulu ndi mapuloteni, ndipo kachigawo kakang'ono ndi cholesterol. Ma HDLP otere amakhala osafunikira ndipo amatulutsidwa m'magazi kuti atayidwe.
5. Chiwindi chikuyambiranso, chomwe chimagwira mafuta othandizira mapuloteni ndikugawa mkombelo wa cholesterol mbali ziwiri: gawo limapita ku kapangidwe kotsatira ka LDL, ndipo gawo limapita kukapanga bile acid.
6. Ma acid okhala mu ndulu amasungidwa mu chikhodzodzo, ndipo nthawi ya chakudya amatulutsidwa mu lumen ya duodenum. Kumeneko amathandizira kukonza mafuta omwe akubwera.Koma ngakhale zitachitika kuti "kuchitika" kumeneku sikuti mafuta a cholesterol onse: zotsalira zake zimatulutsidwa pang'ono ndowe, ndipo zina zimasinthidwanso ku chiwindi.

Ili bwalo loipa pali moyo wonse: kufalitsidwa kwa cholesterol kumachitika mosalekeza. Koma kodi maselo a chiwindi amadziwa bwanji kuchuluka kwa zomwe amapanga komanso komwe angatumize lipoproteins kuti? Apa akupita pa siteji lipid metabolism oyang'anira, kuphatikizapo mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya chithokomiro cha chithokomiro: tri- ndi tetraiodothyronine. Amawerengera ndende yamagazi a mitundu yonse yama protein yama protein, kuchuluka kwawo wina ndi mnzake, ndikuthandizira ma hepatocyte receptors.

Hypothyroidism ndi High Cholesterol

Tsopano zikuwonekeratu kuti hypothyroidism ndi cholesterol zimayanjana mwachindunji.

Ndi chithokomiro chochepetsedwa, zifukwa zingapo za hypercholesterolemia zimapangidwa:

• kuchepa kwa thyronin kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa ma receptors omwe amazindikira LDL, ndipo chiwindi, ngakhale atachulukana, akupitiliza kupanga cholesterol "choyipa",
• ndi hypothyroidism, kapangidwe ka cholesterol kabwino (HDL) kamasokonekera, ndipo chiwindi sazindikira ndipo sachigwira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti samachichotsa.
• Kuperewera kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumachepetsa ntchito za ma enzymes a chiwindi omwe amalimbikitsa kusinthana kwa zinthu pakati pa lipoprotein osiyanasiyana, chifukwa chomwe osatembenuza cholesterol "yoyipa" kukhala "yabwino",
• ndikuwombera kuwongolera: ndi hypothyroidism, chiwindi sichilandira triglycerides zokwanira kuchokera ku minofu ya adipose, zomwe ndizofunikira pakusintha pamwambapa. Kupatula apo, cholesterol yosankhidwa kuchokera ku lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri imasinthidwa ndi mamolekyulu a triglycerides omwewo.

Ngakhale hypercholesterolemia yokhala ndi hypothyroidism, chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha atherosulinosis nthawi zina, kupititsa patsogolo kwa minofu ya ischemia sikuchitika poyamba. Izi ndichifukwa choti kusakwanira kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa kusowa kwa minofu ya mpweya chifukwa chakuchepa kwa kayendedwe ka metabolic mwa iwo. Koma mtsogolomo, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol kumawonjezeka nthawi 5-10. Izi zimakulitsa kukula kwa kusintha kwa ma atherosulinotic. Kupendekeka kwamphamvu kwamitsempha kumayamba kudziwonetsa m'matumbo a mtima, matenda ammimba, komanso kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi lathu.

Remote cholesterol yakutali

Kuchotsa chithokomiro cha chiwindi kumasonyezedwa zotupa zoyipa ndi zoyipa, kusokonekera kwambiri kapena mapangidwe ofanana ndi zotupa zazikulu, ndikuwopseza kuponderezana ndi malo ozungulira. Opaleshoni yodwala, komanso yofatsa kwambiri, ndi yopanda tanthauzo m'dera lokha la chithokomiro. Potere, ngati hypothyroidism ichitika, imakhala yofatsa.

1. Akachotsedwa kwathunthu Thupi limafuna moyo wonse wosinthika wa mankhwala ndikuwongolera mosamalitsa zomwe aphunzira m'thupi.
2. Moperewera resections amafunikiranso nthawi ndi nthawi kudziwa mulingo wa ma chithokomiro, ngakhale atachitidwa opareshoni kudali mu malire abwinobwino. Kupatula apo, patapita nthawi, chithokomiro chotsalira cha chithokomiro chimatha kusiya kugwira ntchito zake. Kuphatikiza apo, mu minofu yake yomwe sinasinthidwe, kubwereranso kwa matenda kumachitika, komwe kuchitako opaleshoniyo. Matenda a chosiyana kotheratu, chatsopano, sichimachotsedwa.

Ndi chithandizo chosakwanira m'malo mwake, ndipo moyipitsitsa - pakalibe, hypothyroidism imayenera kuchitika. Ndipo ngakhale mulingo wa TSH (ntchito yokhudza kupatsa mphamvu kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro) uli m'gulu labwinobwino, minofu yotsalayi siyithandiza ntchito yake. Chiwalo chosowa sichingayankhe chilichonse. Zotsatira zake ndi kuchuluka kwa hypercholesterolemia ndi zotsatira zake zonse.

Chifukwa chake, mwa odwala a postoperative, chinthu chomwe chimayenera kuphunzira sichingangokhala chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso mahomoni ake, komanso cholesterol. Zomwe zimawunikidwa ndi mbiri ya lipid: kutsimikiza kwa milingo yapamwamba kwambiri, yotsika, yotsika kwambiri, triglycerides ndi cholesterol yathunthu m'madzi am'magazi, komanso mapuloteni onyamula. Kuwunikidwaku kumaphatikizaponso kuwerengera kwa coheroffi ya atherogenic, yomwe imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa wodwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha malo a atherosranceotic.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati mukukumana ndi vuto la chithokomiro

Kuyamba kuchita nokha popanda kufunsa katswiri sikungatheke. Ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino yekha yemwe angamvetsetse machitidwe omwe akuchitika m'thupi, kupereka mayeso oyenera komanso chithandizo chokwanira chamankhwala. Ndipo ngati zifukwa za hypercholesterolemia zimangochepetsa chithokomiro, njira yayikulu yochiritsira idzakhalapo Kubwezeretsanso kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Kuthamanga kwa chithokomiro cholemera chochita kumatha kusinthasintha mankhwala okhala ndi cholesterol. Kuphatikizika kwa njira zochiritsira ndikuphatikiza kukonzekera kwamankhwala, ndi njira zina zamankhwala ndi zakudya. Kuchita bwino kwa mfundo ziwiri zoyambirira kumadalira ziyeneretso za dokotala, mfundo yomaliza - pa kulimbika ndi udindo wa wodwala. Eya, ngati njira zomwe zatengedwa sizithetsa vuto la lipoprotein, ndondomeko ya mankhwalawa iphatikiza mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol ndi ochepa magazi - ma statins ndi ma fibrate. Udindo wazakudya pankhaniyi sinyalanyazidwa.

Ndipo popeza cholesterol yayikulu komanso chithokomiro chofooka chomwe chimagwira bwino ntchito imafunikira kukonzanso zakudya, ndikofunikira kukambirana zakudyazo mwatsatanetsatane.

1. Hypothyroidism imathandizira akusowa kwa ayodini m'zakudya kapena zowonjezera pazakudya zomwe zimalepheretsa kuthana ndi chithokomiro (thiocyanates and isocyanates). Zakudya zam'madzi, chifuwa cha turkey, nyemba zoyera, sipinachi, maapulo, feijoa, Persimmons, cranberries, sitiroberi, ndi prunes zitha kudzitamandira pazinthu zazikulu za ayodini. Pali mitundu yambiri ya thiocyanate komanso isocyanates pamitundu yonse ya kabichi, turnip, radish, turnip, swede, mapira, soya, komanso utsi wa ndudu ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
2. Kuchulukitsa kokwanira kumafunika kuti matenda a chithokomiro asinthike. calcium. Chifukwa chake, chakudyacho chizikhala ndi tchizi cholimba cha rennet (parmesan, edam, cheddar), tchizi tchizi, mkaka, adyo, parsley, hazelnuts, amondi, mbewu za sesame. Mutha kudya ½ tsp patsiku. grated zouma mazira zipolopolo.
3. Hypothyroidism ndizovuta onenepa, yomwe pakokha imakhala pachiwopsezo chotukula kwa hypercholesterolemia. Pakadali pano, mfundo zamaphunziro azakudya zimasinthasintha: muyenera kuthana ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, fiber zamasamba (tirigu wathunthu, nyemba, masamba, masamba, zipatso) ndi mapuloteni ochepera (kalamu kapena nkhuku ya m'mawere, nkhumba ya mafuta ochepa, nyama yamwana wang'ombe, ng'ombe, nsomba zoyera) siziyenera kutha patebulo.
4. Wothandizira wina wamba ndi madzi oyera. Kuti muchepetse kagayidwe koletsedwa ndi hypothyroidism, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwake. Kupatula apo, kupatula, kupangika kwachilengedwe mthupi kumachitika m'malo am'madzi. Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mkati mwa khoma lamitsempha komanso kupewa kupindika, muyenera kuonda magazi. Madzi adzachitanso - - lokoma, kapena kaboni, kapena tiyi, kapena khofi, kapena zipatso! Ndipo muyenera kumwa osachepera 30 ml pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera patsiku.
5. Pofuna kupewa hypercholesterolemia ayenera kupatula mafuta amtundu wa nyama ndi mkaka, msuzi, nyama zosuta, trans mafuta, makeke, mbale zam'mbali nthawi yomweyo.

Zotsatira zake ndi menyu womwe umagwirizana ndi mfundo za zakudya zoyenera. Zingowonjezerapo kuti muziwonjezera ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kukana zizolowezi zoyipa, ndipo, mwina, njira zovuta za mankhwala othandizira sizidzafunika.

Mphamvu ya ayodini

Chodabwitsa, onse omwe ali ndi cholesterol yotsika komanso yapamwamba amalangizidwa kudya "iodine". Chowonadi ndi chakuti mawonekedwe a mahomoni a chithokomiro amatulutsa bwino zotsatira za lipid pokhapokha ngati pali ayodini wokwanira m'thupi.

Kupereka kwa ayodini thupi kumapangidwira osaposa masiku 14. Mutha kubwezeretsa "zida" za ayodini pomadya zakudya zomwe zili ndi izi. Izi ndi:

• nyanja kale,
• nsomba
• nsomba zam'nyanja
• mazira
• masamba: adyo, sipinachi, biringanya, sorelo, beets, tomato, ndi zina zambiri.
• zipatso ndi zipatso: mphesa, nthochi, ma supimmoni, zinanazi, sitiroberi ndi vwende,
• bowa, makamaka ma champignons.

Momwe mungayang'anire cholesterol mutachotsa chithokomiro?

Kutayika kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kumakhala kupsinjika koopsa kwa thupi la munthu, koma osati chilango chakupha. Mankhwala amakono samayima chilili ndipo adatenga kale gawo lalikulu pakuchiritsa matenda am'mimba. Pankhaniyi, munthu atachotsa chithokomiro pakuyenera kuwunika thanzi lawo, kutsatira zakudya zoyenera, kudzipatula kuti asakhale ndi nkhawa komanso kupatula nthawi yogona.

Kuzindikira thanzi lanu komanso kutsatira malangizo onse azachipatala kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wabwino.