Chizolowezi cha cholesterol mwa abambo

Cholesterol ndi gulu lamoyo lomwe limakhudzidwa ndikupanga cell membrane. Izi ndizofunikira kuti khungu likhale ndi khola lomwe silikuwopa kusintha kwa kutentha. Kulowetsedwa kwa zinthu zofunika m'selo ndikutetezedwa kuti zisalowedwe mwaulere zopitilira muyeso zomwe zimawononga kapangidwe ka khungu zimadalira cholesterol

Cholesterol (dzina lasayansi la cholesterol) imatenga nawo mbali pazochita za metabolic, kuchotsa mafuta kumatumbo ang'ono, kumathandizira kupanga vitamini D, mahomoni ena, kuphatikiza mahomoni ogonana (mwa akazi - estrogen ndi progesterone, mwa amuna - testosterone), ndipo amatenga nawo gawo kufalitsa kwa kukhudzidwa kwa mitsempha.

Choipa "Choyipa" ndi "Chabwino"

Cholesterol imayenda m'matumbo pokhapokha limodzi ndi mapuloteni, ndikupanga chinthu chapadera - lipoprotein, chomwe chimayenda m'magazi. Mtundu wa lipoprotein umatengera chiyezo cha mapuloteni komanso mafuta: lipoprotein yotsika komanso yotsika kwambiri (yovulaza thupi) komanso kuchuluka kachulukidwe lipoprotein (kothandiza), okwanira cholesterol.

Zinthu:

HDL (mkulu) amakhala ndi mapuloteni, phospholipids ndi triglycerides. Amatenga nawo mbali pakuyeretsedwa kwa dongosolo lama cholesterol oyipa, amalepheretsa mapangidwe a cholesterol amana.
LDL (kupindika kocheperako) kungakhale chifukwa cha atherosulinosis mopitilira muyeso yovomerezeka. Kufalikira kwamitsempha yamagazi ndi komwe kumayambitsa ischemia, kugunda kwa mtima ndi stroko, matenda a dementia.
VLDL (kachulukidwe kakang'ono kwambiri), chosiyana ndi cholesterol "choyipa". Kuchulukitsa mfundo zovomerezeka m'magazi kumawopseza kupangidwako kwa mapangidwe ndi kukula kwa atherosulinosis.

Colesterol yathunthu imawonetsa chithunzi cha thanzi la munthu. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi sikuwonetsa kufunikira kwathunthu kwa cholesterol, komanso kuganizira za mitundu yonse ya lipoprotein.

Pogwiritsa ntchito formula yapadera, mphamvu zonse zimawerengedwa, zomwe zimanena za kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi la "cholesterol" oyipa "komanso" yopindulitsa.

Thupi limafunikira mitundu yonse ya lipoprotein, koma zochulukitsa siziyenera kupitilira zonena zake. Ma lipoprotein onse amatenga nawo mbali pakufunika kwa thupi: kuchepa kwa lipoprotein kukuwonetsa kuphwanya komwe kumachitika mthupi.

Chizolowezi cha cholesterol kwa amuna pofika zaka

M'badwo	General cholesterol	LDL	HDL
0 — 5	2,95 — 5,25
5 — 10	3,13 – 5,25	1,63 — 3,34	0,98 – 1,94
10 — 15	3,08 – 5,23	1,66 – 3,34	0,96 – 1,91
15 — 20	2,91 – 5,10	1,61 – 3,37	0,78 – 1,63
20 — 25	3,16 – 5,59	1,71 – 3,81	0,78 – 1,63
25 — 30	3,44 – 6,32	1,81 – 4,27	0,80 – 1,63
30 — 35	3,57 – 6,58	2,02 – 4,79	0,72 – 1,63
35 — 40	3,63 – 6,99	1,94 – 4,45	0,88 – 2,12
40 — 45	3,91 – 6,94	2,25 – 4,82	0,70 – 1,73
45 — 50	4,09 – 7,15	2,51 – 5,23	0,87 – 1,66
50 — 55	4,09 – 7,17	2,31 – 5,10	0,72 – 1,63
55 — 60	4,04 – 7,15	2,28 – 5,26	0,72 – 1,84
60 — 65	4,12 – 7,15	2,15 – 5,44	0,78 – 1,91
65 — 70	4,.09 – 7,10	2,49 – 5,34	0,78 – 1,94
kuchokera 70	3,73 – 6,86	2,49 – 5,34	0,85 – 1,94

Zomwe zimawopseza magazi a m'magazi

Cholesterol (chizoloŵezi cha amuna mwa mibadwo chimaperekedwa pamwambapa) ndimagazi ochulukirapo amasokoneza ziwalo zotsatirazi: chiwindi, impso, ubongo, mtima, magazi, magazi. Atherosulinosis (kuyala mkati mwa magazi a cholesterol) kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa njira zamankhwala am'magazi mkati mwa magazi.

Ndi atherossteosis, kuyenda kwa zinthu zopindulitsa kwa minofu kumachepetsa, magazi samachotsa zinthu zowola kwathunthu. Atherosulinosis ndi yomwe imayambitsa vuto logonana mwa amuna: ziwalo zam'mimba siziperekedwa kwathunthu ndi magazi. Kupanga kwa testosterone kumasokoneza.

Kukula kwa atherosulinosis ndi kowopsa ndi zotsatira monga myocardial infarction ndi stroke (chifukwa chosakwanira kwa kupumira kwa oksijeni ndi minofu kumtima ndi minofu ya ubongo) ndi thromboembolism.

Zomwe zimayambitsa High magazi Cholesterol

Pazaka zopitilira 30 mwa abambo, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumachitika chifukwa cha izi:

matenda ashuga
onenepa kwambiri
zolimbitsa thupi
kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi
kupsinjika
zizolowezi zoipa
cholowa.

Kuwunikira kwa cholesterol: momwe zimachitikira komanso zomwe zotsatira zake zikunena

Kuyesedwa kwa cholesterol ya magazi ndimachitidwe ambiri ochitidwa mu labotale yachipatala iliyonse. Ndondomeko ndi chopereka chamagazi kuchokera kumtsempha, koma muyenera kukonzekera. Malangizo omwe adotolo adalandira akuyenera kuwunikidwa mosamala.

Malangizo:

Mwazi umaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu (kuyambira nthawi yomaliza chakudya uyenera kukhala 12 - 16 maola).
Masiku atatu lisanafike tsiku lopereka magazi, chotsani zakudya zamafuta ndi yokazinga, mowa, nikotini pachakudya.
Lumikizanani ndi dokotala wanu za kusiya mankhwala masiku atatu musanabadwe (ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito monga adokotala anu).
Ngati kuthetsedwa kwa mankhwalawa sikotheka, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kudziwitsa omwe amapereka chithandizo chazachipatala dzina la mankhwalawo.
Tsiku lisanafike sampuli ya magazi, kupsinjika ndi kupsinjika kwamphamvu kwamalingaliro kuyenera kupewedwa.

Njira zodziwira cholesterol:

kuyesedwa mwachangu kunyumba,
kuwunika kwathunthu mafuta m'thupi,

Cholesterol. Chikhalidwe mwa amuna chimawerengeredwa ndi zaka. Kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, muyenera kupenda mwapadera.

Kuwunika kwa LDL

Kusanthula kwa HDL

triglycerides

mbiri ya lipid.

Njira yosavuta ndiyeseso. Kuti ikwaniritse, kutsatira malingaliro awa pokonzekera zopereka zamagazi adzafunika. Magazi amachotsedwa kuchokera ku chala. Zotsatira zakuwunika zimadziwika nthawi yomweyo.

Mukamayesa mu labotale, zitsanzo za magazi zimachitika kuchokera kumitsempha yomwe ili pamphepete. Zotsatira zakonzedwa kuyambira maola angapo mpaka tsiku. Chithunzi chokwanira kwathunthu cha kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins imapereka mbiri ya lipid.

Ngati cholesterol yapitilira, dokotala, wofotokozera mawonekedwe a lipid, amawona omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha wodwalayo, kutengera chizindikiro ndi msinkhu. Madokotala odziwa bwino za kusanthula kwamtunduwu amatha kudziwa kuopsa kwa vuto la mtima kapena sitiroko.

Zizindikiro za High Cholesterol

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumayambiriro kwa amuna kumakhala ndi zofooka zochepa, kotero ambiri sachita nawo chidwi.

Zizindikiro zake zambiri za kuchuluka kwa zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zomwe zili monga:

Kuzindikira kwa thanzi labwino, kufooka, kuchuluka kwa kutopa, chizungulire. Mawonekedwe awa amayamba chifukwa cha kufupika kwa magazi: cholesterol yowonjezereka imachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa magazi, komwe kumapangitsa magazi kutuluka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ziwalo zimasowa mu oxygen.
Kuyiwala Ubongo umasowa oxygen, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwa dongosolo.
Zowonongeka. Ma capillaries ang'onoang'ono omwe amapereka retina ndi okosijeni komanso zinthu zofunikira sangathe kukankhira m'magazi akuda.
Kuyenda phazi. Miyendo yam'munsi imalowetsedwa ndi ziwiya zazing'ono, zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi magazi kwathunthu, popanda zosokoneza mu mtima.
Xanthelasma Mabowo ang'onoang'ono kumtunda ndi kumbuyo kwa eyelids (pakhoza kukhala mawonekedwe amodzi kapena angapo). Xanthelasm ndi mawonekedwe amafuta omwe akusonyeza kuphwanya kwa mapangidwe a lipid m'magazi.
Ischemia Kuthamanga kwa mtima kwachangu kukusonyeza kuti thupi liyenera kukankhira magazi amiyendo kudzera mu mtima mwa kulimbikira. Njala ya okosijeni imayambitsa kufa kwa minofu, yomwe ndiyomwe imayambitsa matenda a mtima.

Zizindikiro ndi zoyipa za cholesterol yotsika

Kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi mwa amuna omwe ali ndi vuto limodzi ndiwowopsa, limodzi ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

malaise, kutaya chakudya,
kufooka kwa minofu
kuphwanya chopondapo (mafuta, mafuta),
zotupa zamitsempha
kusokonezeka kwa kukumbukira.

Zizindikiro zitha kuwonetsa kukula kwamikhalidwe yopweteka motere:

shuga mellitus ("yopindulitsa" cholesterol imatsika, "yoyipa" imabwera m'malo mwake),
kusabereka (komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa testosterone),
kufooketsa zida zamafupa (mafupa),
kunenepa
mkhalidwe wosakhazikika m'maganizo (ntchito yolumikizana neural imasokonekera).

Kuchiza ndi mahomoni osokoneza bongo kumatha kuyambitsa cholesterol yosakhazikika, kudumpha kumawonedwa. Ngati mbali iyi yapezeka, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti mupatseni mankhwala ena.

Zakudya za cholesterol yapamwamba

Kubwezeranso cholesterol mwanjira yabwino kumathandiza kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Ndi chakudya chomwe munthu amalandira 20% ya cholesterol yonse. Njira yayikulu yazakudya cha hypercholesterolemia ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta a nyama mu chakudya ndikuwonjezera zakudya zam'mera zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber, michere yambiri, komanso mafuta a masamba.

Zomera zamasamba ziyenera kukhala ndi 60% yazakudya zonse: pafupifupi 400 gm zamasamba ndi magalamu 200 a chimanga. Batala imasinthidwa ndi mafuta a masamba. Zopangira mkaka zimaloledwa kuti zidyedwe mu mawonekedwe opanda mafuta. Nyama yamafuta patebulo imasinthidwa ndi nsomba zamafuta ochepa, nkhuku ndi nyama yosaunda.

Chovomerezeka kudya ma yolks awiri kapena atatu pa sabata (palibe zoletsedwa ndi mapuloteni).

Ngati mukumva kuti muli ndi njala, muyenera kukhala ndizoleza ndi zipatso kapena ndiwo zamasamba. Zolemba tsiku ndi tsiku za zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito mwa amuna omwe akuvutika ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi ndikuwongolera moyo ndi 2000 kcal, chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri komanso moyo wokangalika - 4000 kcal ndi yovomerezeka.

Kodi kudya ndi nthawi yanji?

Zinthu:

Pafupifupi pafupifupi ma gramu 150 a ndiwo zamasamba ziyenera kudyedwa zosaphika, masamba ena onse (250 g) kapena owotcha.
Musamamwe mchere pakuphika. Itha kuthiridwa mchere pambuyo kuphika (makamaka undersalt).
Mkate uzikhala wochepa: osapitirira 200. Ndi bwino kuisintha ndi mkate wa chinangwa.
Pa zaka 30 mpaka 40, amuna osakhwima ayenera kupezeka pakudya kwa amuna osachepera katatu pa sabata.
Mu zaka 40-50, kudya ngakhale nyama yazakudya kuyenera kukhala kochepa (zosaposa katatu pa sabata).
Nyama ndi nsomba, zithupsa kapena kuphika.
Gwiritsani ntchito zakudya zam'madzuwa, ndipo konzekerani zamasamba zamadzulo.
Kanani khofi ndi tiyi wamphamvu, mumakonda timadziti tofinya, zakumwa za zipatso ndi ma compotes (osaneneka ndi kunenepa kwambiri).
Chiwerengero cha madyerero amalemba 5 (kamodzi pa maola atatu aliwonse).

Mndandanda wa zakudya zoletsedwa komanso zoletsedwa

Ngati cholesterol yovomerezeka mwa amuna imaposa, ndikofunikira kubwereza zakudyazo, ndikuchotsa:

nyama yamafuta, mafuta anyama,
chakudya chofulumira
wolakwa,
mafuta amkaka ambiri,
nyama zopangidwa kuchokera ku nyama yokonzedwa (soseji, osuta, nyama yophikidwa),
makeke, mafuta
mowa, shopu ndimu, tiyi ndi khofi.

Zotsimikizidwa:

masamba, amadyera, zipatso,
chimanga, nyemba,
nsomba zam'nyanja
mafuta a masamba
bowa
nonfat mkaka ndi yogati.

Momwe mungachepetse zithandizo zamafuta a cholesterol

Mankhwala achikhalidwe, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira, amathandizira kubwezeretsa mulingo wa lipid:

Ma ndevu agolide Muli ndi ma cellids omwe amalimbikitsa kupanga kwa HDL.
Bearberry. Ili ndi mitundu yambiri ya flavonoids, yomwe imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi.
Ginseng muli ma statins omwe amakhudza ntchito ya chiwindi, amachepetsa kupanga kwa LDL.
Masamba a Strawberry zokhala ndi zowola zosasungunuka, zomwe zimagwira cholesterol m'magazi ndikuchichotsa m'thupi mwachilengedwe.
Muzu wa Dandelion. Lecithin yomwe ili pachomera ichi salola kuti ma lipoprotein aikidwe mkati mwa bedi lamankhwala.
Mafuta opaka olemera mavitamini A, E, B amalimbitsa minofu yamtima, kuthandiza mtima kuthana ndi kupsinjika kowonjezereka, ndipo ma organic acids akuphatikizidwa ndikupanga HDL, yomwe imachotsa LDL m'thupi. Flaxseed amatulutsa cholesterol. Muyenera kutsatira mankhwalawa: osaposa supuni ziwiri za mafuta kapena supuni zitatu za mbewu zonse patsiku.
Mitundu yambiri ya zipatso zokongola zimakhala ndi maluwa a linden, omwe, kuphatikizapo mafuta ofunikira, amamangiriza LDL ndikuwonjezera kupanga "mafuta" abwino, omwe amayendetsa magazi bwino. Maluwa a Linden ndi antioxidant wamphamvu omwe amatsika.

Mankhwala azitsamba amatenga nthawi yayitali (kuyambira miyezi ingapo mpaka chaka), ma infusions amakonzedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zingapo kuti amenyane nthawi imodzi ndi zifukwa zingapo za cholesterol yayikulu. Dokotala adzakulangizani pakukula kwa zosakaniza, zomwe zikuwonetsa mlingo woyenera malinga ndi chithunzi chake.

Maphikidwe a mankhwala achikhalidwe kuti muchepetse cholesterol

Maphikidwe:

Filakisimadzi. Pogaya flaxseed 300 g mu ufa ndikutsanulira mu chotengera chosindikizidwa. Tsiku lililonse m'mawa popanda kanthu kuti mudye 1 tbsp. supuni ya ufa ndi madzi. Maphunzirowa ndi miyezi itatu.
Ma ndevu agolide Ikani pepala lalikulu ndi mpeni, ikani chizindikiro m'mbale yagalasi, kutsanulira 100 C mu lita imodzi yamadzi, kukulunga mwamphamvu ndikusiya firiji kwa maola 24. Pambuyo kulowetsedwa, kukhetsa madziwo m'mbale yagalasi ndikuyika m'malo amdima, ozizira. Gwiritsani ntchito katatu patsiku 20 ml. Maphunzirowa ndi miyezi 3-4.
Masamba a Strawberry. Pogaya 20 g masamba, kutsanulira kapu ya madzi otentha ndi mphindi 5. Sungani madzi osamba. Siyani msuzi kwa maola awiri. Gwiritsani 1 tbsp. l musanadye.
Bearberry. 1 tbsp. l pogaya masamba owuma kuti akhale ufa, onjezani 200 ml. madzi otentha, ikani malo osamba ndi madzi kwa mphindi 20, chotsani pakusamba ndikuchokeranso kwa mphindi 40. Kanizani kulowetsedwa ndikuwonjezera madzi owiritsa kuti mulandire kuchuluka kwa 200 ml. Imwani 50 ml. kulowetsedwa mutatha kudya zakudya zazikulu.

Mndandanda wamankhwala kuti muchepetse cholesterol

Mndandanda wa Mankhwala:

Fibates: "Bezafibrat", "Gemfibrozil", "Etofibrat". Zithunzi zimachepetsa zomwe zimakhala ndi "zovulaza" lipoprotein, kutseka kupanga ndi chiwindi ndikufulumizitsa njira yochotsa zosungidwa zomwe zatsala kale m'thupi.
Madera: Pravostatin, Simvastatin, Lovastatin. Kuchita kwa mankhwala okhala ndi statin cholinga chake kupondereza enzyme yomwe imakhudzidwa ndikupanga cholesterol. Mankhwala okhala ndi Statin amachepetsa magazi ndipo amalimbana ndi cholesterol amana m'mayambiriro a atherosulinosis.
Otsata a bile acids: "Cholestyramine", "Cholestipol." Mankhwalawa amachepetsa cholesterol m'magazi, kupewa kuti isakhazikike pamakoma, koma osatseka kupanga kwake ndi thupi, chifukwa ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ena amaphatikizika pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena.
Zowonjezera: "Aterol", "Vita tloaelehileng", "Hepar". Kuchita kwa zowonjezera cholinga chake ndikulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kutulutsa magazi, kusintha mawonekedwe am'mimba. Mankhwala othandizira sangasinthe kwina mankhwala osokoneza bongo: ndizosatheka kukana mankhwala opangidwa ndi adokotala m'malo othandizira.

Zotsatira zamasewera pa cholesterol

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol limodzi ndi moyo wakungokhala ndi kukhalapo kwa zizolowezi zoyipa kukuopseza chitukuko cha matenda ovuta kuwopsa. Masewera amawonetsedwa kwa anthu omwe akudwala atherosulinosis. Zochita zilizonse zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zimapangidwira kukonza thupi zimakhudza cholesterol.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi m'mawa imatha kukhala gawo loyamba lathanzi. Lamulo lofunikira ndi lingaliro la gawo: musagwiritse ntchito molakwika zinthu zochulukaziwiya zofooka ndi matendawa sizitha kulimbana nawo kwambiri. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zikuyenera kukula chimodzimodzi, popanda kudumpha, kuti thupi lizitha kusintha moyo watsopano.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi siziyenera kuyambitsa kuwonongeka konsekonse. Chizungulire, kufupika, kusokonekera kwa mtima kumatsimikizira kuti katundu amasankhidwa molakwika ndipo amafuna kusintha.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa minofu ya adipose, kulimbitsa minofu yamtima, ndikutulutsa mitsempha yamagazi kuchokera ku cholesterol amana.Zikhalidwe za msika wa cholesterol yamagazi mwa abambo ndi amayi zimakhazikika pakuwona mfundo za zakudya zoyenera komanso kukhala ndi moyo wakhama, komanso ndi chibadwa chamtsogolo, mbiri ya lipid iyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi.

Kapangidwe kake: Lozinsky Oleg