Zimayambitsa hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia ndi njira ya m'magazi yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi shuga ochepa magazi. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mellitus, chiwindi chachikulu komanso matenda a kapamba, mavuto am'mimba, matumbo a endocrine gren dysfunctions (adrenal cortex, pituitary gland, ndi zina), ndi matenda ena opatsirana (encephalitis, meningitis) amatha kudwala matenda a hypoglycemia. Pamavuto palinso anthu omwe amalimbikira kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamafuta ochepa, zomwe masiku ano ndizodziwika kwambiri ndi kuchepa thupi.

Tizidziwitsa bwino izi za hypoglycemia, zomwe palibe zomwe zinganyalanyazidwe.

Njala yokhazikika

Ndi mtundu wofatsa wa hypoglycemia, njala imachitika mwadzidzidzi. Uku ndikuyankha kwa kogwirizanitsa kwa ubongo komwe kumayambira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Njala yodzidzimutsa imakonda kuoneka mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga motsutsana ndi kuzolowera thupi, mavuto azakudya kapena kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Njala ikhoza kukhala limodzi ndi nseru.

Mwa anthu athanzi omwe amatsata zakudya zama carb otsika, njala yosayembekezereka imawonekanso chifukwa chokana zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber (masamba, zipatso, chimanga). Iwo, kulowa m'mimba, amapanga kumverera kwamuyaya kwakukwiya. Ndi kukana kwathunthu chakudya, munthu amatha kukhala ndi njala nthawi zonse, ngakhale atangodya.

Mutu

Kutsika kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi kumabweretsa kutsika kwa magazi. Zotsatira zake, mutu umayamba, nthawi zambiri umakhala limodzi ndi chizungulire. Kusokonezeka kwakanthawi kochepa ndi mawonekedwe owoneka (mwachitsanzo, kufalikira kwa chithunzicho kapena mawanga amtundu pamaso pa maso) nthawi zina zimawonekera.

Zovuta zamkati zamanjenje

Thupi laumunthu limagwiritsa ntchito glucose ngati gwero la mphamvu ponseponse. Ndi kuchepa kwake m'magazi, maselo am'mitsempha amakhudzidwa makamaka, motero, zizindikiro zakuchepa kwa ntchito yaubongo zimachitika nthawi yomweyo.

Hypoglycemia imayendera limodzi ndi mawonekedwe awa:

• kugona, ulesi,
• zovuta zovuta kuzungulira pamlengalenga,
• vuto la magalimoto,
• kulephera kulolera
• kusokonezeka kwa kukumbukira
• kugwedezeka kwa dzanja
• kukomoka
• khunyu.

Kupanda thandizo ndi maonekedwe ndi kuwonjezeka kwa zizindikirozi kumabweretsa chikomokere, chitha kupha.

Matenda a Thermoregulatory

Kusowa kwa "mafuta apadziko lonse lapansi" kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pamagawo ndi ziwalo zonse zamunthu. Pakadutsa hypoglycemia, wodwalayo amatha kumva kuwawa, kudandaula chifukwa cha kuzizira kwa zala ndi zala. Thukuta lakuzizira lingachitike (kumbuyo kwa khosi ndipo khungu lonse likusesa thukuta). Ngati vuto la hypoglycemia litachitika usiku, thupi lonse limasilira kwambiri: munthu amadzuka atavala zovala zamkati.

Kulimbitsa thupi mukamadya

Anthu omwe akuyesera kuti achepetse kulemera kwakukulu ndi zakudya zama carb otsika nthawi zambiri amawona kuti pamlingo wina, kulemera kwawo kumasiya kuchepa, ngakhale amadya zakudya zochepa. Izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha hypoglycemia. Chowonadi ndi chakuti osadya chakudya chokwanira, chiwindi chimayamba kukonza masitolo a glycogen kukhala glucose, ndipo mphamvu yakuwonongeka kwamafuta osungidwa imachepa.

Kusintha kwa malingaliro

Glucose amakhudzidwa ndikupanga "mahomoni achisangalalo" - serotonin. Ndi kusowa kwake, munthu amasiya kusangalala ndi moyo, amakhala wamtendere komanso wonenepa. Kuphatikiza apo, vuto la shuga limalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwa ubongo. Kuukira kwa hypoglycemia kumatha kudwalitsa wodwalayo nkhawa, mantha kapena kukwiya kwambiri. Milandu yayikulu, machitidwe osayenera kapena kuphulika kwa mkwiyo wosadzidzimutsa sikuti.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amadziwa momwe angayang'anire shuga a m'magazi awo ndipo amadziwa zomwe zimayenera kuchitidwa kuti izi zitheke. Kwa munthu yemwe sadziwa zambiri komanso akukumana ndi hypoglycemia koyamba, izi ndizowopsa.

Kuukira koopsa, komwe kumayenderana ndi kusokonezeka, kuyankhula kwamisala komanso kulunzika, kusanza, ndi zina zotero, kumafuna kulowererapo kuchipatala, ambulansi iyenera kuyitanidwa mwachangu kwa wodwala wotere.

Kuukira kwa hypoglycemia wofatsa kutha kuyimitsidwa yokha ndikupereka 1215 g yamafuta ochepa (oyimbidwa mwachangu) kwa thupi. Gawoli lili ndi:

• kapu ya tiyi wofunda ndi supuni ziwiri za shuga,
• zidutswa ziwiri za shuga woyengetsa,
• supuni ziwiri za uchi (ndibwino kungosungunuka pakamwa pang'onopang'ono),
• 150 ml yomwera zipatso kapena msuzi,
• switi imodzi ya chokoleti kapena magawo awiri a chokoleti cha mkaka,
• nthochi imodzi
• zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi za maapulo owuma.

Pasanathe theka la ola mutatenga imodzi mwa ndalamazi, mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo uyenera kusintha. Tsoka ilo, kuletsa kuzunza sizitanthauza kuti vutolo lithetsedwa. Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia sizinganyalanyazidwe: kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kungayambitse kukula kwa matenda oopsa kwambiri. Ngati ziwonetserozo zikubwereranso, muyenera kufunsa dokotala, nthawi yomweyo kukana kudya zakudya zamafuta ochepa.

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Zoyambira za glycemic regulation, hypoglycemia ndi hyperglycemia

Monga chimodzi mwazizindikiro zazikulu za thupi, glycemia imayendetsedwa pamlingo wa mahomoni. Nthawi yomweyo, pali dongosolo la zinthu zomwe zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a seramu ndikuwachepetsa. Dongosolo la glucagon ndi chitsanzo cha mtundu woyamba, ndiye kuti, glucagon imakulitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose. Wotsutsa wake ndi insulin, yomwe mmalo mwake imachepetsa kuchuluka kwake. Komanso, kukomoka pamlingo wa njirazi kumabweretsa matenda a shuga, komanso hypoglycemia.

Njira zopezera hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia imatanthawuza kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga mu seramu yamagazi pansipa ya 3.3 mmol lita. Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro zoyambirira zamatenda a hypoglycemia zimatha kuchitika pokhapokha ngati kuchepa kwa chizindikirochi kumayambira 2.7 mmoliliter. Kenako akuti a hypoglycemia akuti, pomwepo amadzionetsa ngati wosazindikira.

Pali njira zingapo zakwaniritsire izi. Zonsezi zitha kuikidwa mu chiwembu:

1. Hypoglycemia chifukwa chosakwanira chamafuta ndi chakudya,
2. Hypoglycemia yogwira ntchito,
3. Matenda a hypoglycemia.

Njala ndi zakudya monga zoyambitsa

Njira iyi ya hypoglycemia ndi imodzi mwa zosatheka, chifukwa kuti mukwaniritse izi simuyenera kudya chilichonse sabata limodzi. Monga lamulo, pafupifupi zakudya zonse zimapezeka mu zakudya zomwe anthu amakonda. Ndipo pakati pawo, opitilira theka ndiopatsa mafuta. Mosasamala mtundu wa momwe amalowera matumbo, onse adzagawika kwa ma monomers, ndiye kuti, glucose. Chokhacho chokha ndi fiber, ndiko kuti, cellulose, yomwe singathe kuthyoledwa ndi glucose ndi machitidwe a enzyme a thupi la munthu.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mafuta onse ochokera m'matumbo atatha maola 4 kuchokera nthawi yomwe chakudya chikalowa zilonda zam'mimba za 12 zimatayidwa kale kapena kutumizidwa kwa ziwalo zobwera. Izi ndi:

• Chiwindi
• Chifupa
• Adipose minofu, pomwe amasinthidwa kukhala mafuta.

Nthawi yanjala ikangolowa, mafuta osungidwa amayamba kusweka, makamaka kuchokera ku chiwindi ndi minofu. Zikwanira pafupifupi tsiku limodzi, pambuyo pake munthu ayenera kudya chakudya chilichonse, chifukwa chake zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimayamba.

Komanso, pamkhalidwe monga hypoglycemia, zifukwa zimagona pakudya ndi zakudya, makamaka panthawi yanenepa. Izi ndizofala kwambiri kwa azimayi, komanso othamanga omwe akufuna kuti achepetse kulemera kwawo. M'malo mwake, zakudya zosowa zimaphatikizapo kukana chakudya kwathunthu, zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia ndi zotsatira za ubongo. Kuphatikiza apo, Zakudya izi sizothandiza ndipo sizoyenera kuthandizidwa.

Hypoglycemia yokhudza magwiridwe antchito

Kwa kagayidwe kakang'ono ka metabolism monga hypoglycemia, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito ali motere:

• Chachikazi
• Mimba
• Kugwira ntchito kwambiri.
• Kupuma kopanda tanthauzo
• Kusuta
• Kuledzera
• Hypoglycemia mwa akhanda.

Monga lamulo, glycemia wapakati mwa akazi ndi yotsika kuposa amuna. Komabe, sizimagwera pansi pokhapokha, pokhapokha zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi thupi zimapangitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, izi zimachitikanso chifukwa cha mahomoni, omwe amawonetsedwa mokwanira panthawi yapakati. Kuphatikiza apo, hypoglycemia pa nthawi ya pakati imatha kukhala chiwonetsero cha mayendedwe onse a mahomoni ndi zakudya, makamaka poyambira kapena mochedwa.

Kusuta fodya ndi mowa ndi zina mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi magazi. Komabe, momwe zimachitikira zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chimbudzi. Munthu akasuta, kumverera kwa njala kumachepa, monganso kuchuluka kwa chakudya komwe kumadyedwa. Monga lamulo, izi sizimatsogolera ku hypoglycemia yayikulu, ngakhale kuphatikiza ndi zina, mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, kumatha kuyambitsa vuto la hypoglycemia. Mowa m'thupi umapangidwa kuti acetaldehyde, womwe umawonjezera kuchuluka kwa minofu ya oxygen. Izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi euphoria, yomwe imapitilirabe ngakhale ndi kuchepa kwa oxygen. Nthawi yomweyo, glucose imapitilirabe kudya, koma magwiritsidwe ake kuchokera m'maselo amachepetsa. Ndipo chifukwa chake, limakhala laling'ono m'mwazi, ndipo maselo amafa ndi njala.

Mwa makanda, hypoglycemia ndi mkhalidwe wakuthupi, chifukwa nthawi ya kubadwa, thupi la mayi limadya mphamvu zochulukirapo. Ndipo popeza njira yozungulira ya amayi imalumikizana ndi mwana, mwana wosabadwayo amakhalanso ndi hypoglycemia yothandiza. Zimapitilira mpaka mayi atayamwitsa mwana wake. Mkaka umakhala ndi galactose, womwe umapanganso mwachangu mphamvu zamagetsi. Chifukwa hypoglycemia ya akhanda imadutsa mwachangu ndipo ilibe zotsatira zazikulu mthupi.

Kulimbikira kwambiri pantchito kumapangitsanso boma kuyandikira kwa hypoglycemia, ndipo nthawi zina hypoglycemia yokha. Komabe, ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi kusala kudya. Ngati munthu sakudya chilichonse kwanthawi yayitali, ndipo, wogwiranso ntchito, ndiye kuti zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zidzaoneka kale. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Kufooka minofu
• Tachycardia
• Kutikita minofu
• Kutentha kumverera mu dzenje la m'mimba
• Chisokonezo kapena kutayika, chikomokere.

Chizindikiro chokhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic coma ndichedwa kuzimiririka, ngati magazi ataposa 2.3-2.7 mmol. Ngati ndiwokwera pang'ono komanso wakhazikika pamlingo wa 3 mmoliliter, ndiye kuti zizindikiro zinayi zoyambira pakati pa zomwe zafotokozedazi ziwonekera.

Zotsatira za matendawa pa moyo

Pathological hypoglycemia imakhalapo pamaso pa angapo ofunikira a pathologies. Amasiyana siyana ndipo amagawika m'magulu angapo:

1. Matenda a Endocrine
2. Matenda a oncological
3. Matenda a metabolism ndi kuchepa kwa zinthu za coenzyme.

Mwa zina za endocrine ndi monga hyperthyroidism ndi mtundu 1 wa matenda a shuga. Ndi hyperthyroidism, kuchuluka kwa glycolysis kumawonjezeka, ndiye kuti, kuwonongeka kwa glucose ndikutulutsa mphamvu. Komabe, thupi silimafunikira kuchuluka kotero, kotero limasungunuka ngati mawonekedwe a kutentha. Zizindikiro za oterewa: kusuntha kwamanjenje, tachycardia, kusokonekera kosalekeza, minofu yolimbitsa thupi, ngakhale chakudya chomakula. Zotsatira za hypoglycemia kwa wodwala chotere sizili zovuta, chifukwa shuga samadyedwa kwathunthu, chifukwa zomwe zimaperekedwa nthawi zonse zimabwezedwedwa: anthu oterowo, monga lamulo, amadya chakudya chambiri ndipo potero amachedwetsa zotsatira za hypoglycemia.

Matenda a mahomoni achiwiri ndi matenda ashuga a 2. Kuphatikiza apo, matendawa pawokha amatsogolera ku hyperglycemia, pomwe chithandizo chake chosayenera chimayambitsa hypoglycemia. Mwachitsanzo: wodwalayo amatenga mamodulin m'mawa ndipo alibe nthawi yakudya. Insulin imachotsa mwachangu glucose ochulukirapo mu minofu, chifukwa chake hypoglycemia imadziwonetsa yokha.

Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti vutoli limakhala ndi matenda ashuga ofanana kwambiri ndi hyperglycemia. Ndipo apa ndikofunikira kuchita mosamala, chifukwa ndizongowerengeka zochepa zomwe zingachitike ndi hypoglycemia. Choyamba ndi kupenda wodwalayo atakomoka. Ngati fungo lokomoka la acetone limamveka kuchokera pamenepo, ndiye kuti ndi hyperglycemic ketoacidotic coma. Chithandizo chake chikugwirizana ndi jakisoni wa insulin.Komabe, ngakhale izi zimachitika motere, sizingatheke kuchitira odwala popanda dokotala. Chifukwa chake, ngati palibe chodziwika chokhudza wodwalayo chikomokere, ndiye kuti gawo loyambirira ndi njira yolumikizira yankho la 10% shuga. Ngati chikumbumtima chimabwezeretsedwa mwachangu "pa singano", ndiye kuti uku ndi vuto la hypoglycemic. Ngati sichichira, ndiye kuti hyperglycemic, yomwe imayenera kuthandizidwa ndi jakisoni wa insulin.

Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti pazikhalidwe monga hypoglycemia, zizindikiro zimathanso kuchitika ndi khansa. Izi ndichifukwa choti zotupa zimangodya glucose kokha anaerobically, ndiye kuti, popanda gawo la oxygen. Mphamvu ya kupanga mphamvu motere ndi yotsika kwambiri, motero glucose amamwa mwachangu kwambiri kuti akwaniritse zosowa zamagetsi.

Pazovuta za metabolic, kumwa kwa glucose kumatha kusokonezeka ndikusowa kwa vitamini B1. Ndi chinthu cha coenzyme cha metabolism ya glucose ndi ma enzymes ogwiritsira ntchito. Kuperewera kotere kumawonedwa mu uchidakwa wambiri. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kukhala kwabwinobwino kapena kukweza pang'ono, komabe, zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimadziwika, chifukwa sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito mphamvu. Komanso, limagwirira ofanana mphamvu ndi kagayidwe kachakudya amadziwikanso poizoni wa cyanide.

Zizindikiro ndi magawo

Zizindikiro za matendawa zimadalira kuuma kwake. Pali magawo anayi a hypoglycemia.

Zofunika! Hypoglycemia mwa ana imayambitsa kukula pang'onopang'ono kwa thupi. Chifukwa chake, makolo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuchepa kwa chikhumbo, kupsinjika, kupumira pafupipafupi kusanza, pallor yachilendo.

Ngati zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zapezeka, thandizo loyamba likufunika. Kuukira kukayimitsidwa, mutha kuyamba chithandizo chokwanira.

Thandizo loyamba

Ngati mungazindikire momwe mumakhalira ndi hypoglycemia mwa inu kapena wokondedwa wanu, ndiye kuti choyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngati zili pansipa, thandizo loyamba ndilofunika:

1. Kuletsa zizindikiritso za gawo loyamba la hypoglycemia, ndikokwanira kudya zakudya zokhala ndi shuga wambiri, kumwa tiyi wokoma kapena msuzi.
2. Ngati mulingo wa shuga ukalankhula gawo lachiwiri, muyenera kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu: shuga, jamu, compote, maswiti.
3. Mu gawo lachitatu la hypoglycemia, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa kulowetsedwa mpaka 100 ml ya 40% yankho la shuga ndikugonekedwa kuchipatala.

Zofunika! Munthu amene amakonda kuzunza kwambiri hypoglycemia ayenera kukhala ndi glucagon kunyumba (insulin syringe ndi 1 mg ya glucagon). Achibale a wodwalayo ayenera kudziwa komwe iye ali ndikutha kugwiritsa ntchito.

Pambuyo pochotsa matenda a hypoglycemia, chithandizo chimachitika. Zimaphatikizapo kuyesa thupi lonse kuti mupeze ma pathologies, makamaka, dongosolo la endocrine ndi thirakiti la m'mimba.

Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi vuto la chikomokere, chithandizo chake chimachitika m'chipinda chothandizira kwambiri. Njira zikutengedwa kuti zikhazikitse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi komanso kupewa matenda a edema.

Zofunika! Kuchita pafupipafupi magazi a shuga kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwamitsempha.

Cholinga chokonza zakudya ndikuchepetsa kudya zamafuta ndi nyama zosavuta, komanso kuchepetsa kudya kwa caloric. Ndikofunikira kusiya kumwa mowa. Zakudya zamafuta zimachepetsa kagayidwe, motero ndikofunika kusintha kuti mukhale otentha.

Zofunika! Shuga, uchi, zoteteza, ndi zakudya zina za shuga kwambiri zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi ndikuletsa kugwidwa kwa hypoglycemic.

Zogulitsa zilizonse zimakhala ndi index yake ya glycemic (GI). Zocheperako, zimachepetsa kuchepa kwa shuga. Kudya zakudya zokhala ndi index ya glycemic pansipa 40 kumalepheretsa shuga wamagazi. Zogulitsa zomwe zili ndi GI pamwambapa 40 ziyenera kuchepetsedwa kapena kuchotsedwa kwathunthu.

Ngati mungayang'anire momwe mumadyera ndi momwe mumakhalira, kutsatira malamulo a mankhwalawa pamaso pa matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia chimakhala chovuta.

Zovuta za shuga

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