Momwe mungadziwire matenda a atherosulinosis? Njira zamakono zopangira zombo

Matendawa amatha kutchedwa mliri wapadziko lonse womwe ukukulira chaka chilichonse. Ziwerengero zakufa ndikukhumudwitsanso, komwe ma psychology am'thupi amakhala malo otsogola. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuzindikira ndi kuyamba kulandira mankhwala a atherosulinosis m'mayambiriro ake a chitukuko. Kodi madotolo angadziwe bwanji zoyambira (kenako zosinthika) kapena kusintha kwapangidwe ka pathological mu khoma la mtima?

Zizindikiro zakunja ndi mawonekedwe akudandaula a atherosulinosis

Kusintha kwa atherosclerotic kumapangika m'matumbo akuluakulu: aorta, mtima, ubongo, mitsempha yamatumbo, malekezero apamwamba komanso otsika. Koma kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa khoma lamankhwala m'magawo osiyanasiyana am'kati mwake sikofanana, ndichifukwa chake chithunzi chosiyana ndi zamankhwala chimalumikizidwa.

Ziribe kanthu momwe arteriosulinosis imadziwonekera. chifukwa ali ndi imodzi - kusagwirizana pakati pa lipoproteins m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, musanayang'anenso mapangidwe olimbitsa mtima a mitsempha ya magazi kuti pakhale kusintha kwa atherosulinotic, gwiritsani ntchito mayeso ogwira ntchito ndi kafukufuku wa plasma wokhutira zomwe zimakhala ndi lipid metabolism. Koma kufufuza kozindikira atherosulinosis kumayamba ndi kafukufuku komanso mayeso.

Mtundu wa atherosulinotic Zizindikiro:

phokoso ndi / kapena kugunda m'makutu,
chizungulire, kupweteka kumbuyo kwa mutu, pamphumi, kapena mutu wonse.
dzanzi, kuzirala ndi kuzizira kwa malekezero, paresthesia mwanjira ya nyerere zokwawa kapena chidwi chamoto ndi kutentha,
kutopa, kuphatikiza mikono ndi miyendo,
kufooka, kudetsa khungu m'maso,
kusinthika kwakumva kupweteka komanso kupweteka, kumva kugunda kwa mtima kumanzere kwa chifuwa, kufupika kwamphamvu kumawonekera pakulimbitsa thupi, kenako ndikupuma.
kupweteka kwakanthawi kachulukidwe m'mimba, kutulutsa, kukweza pambuyo pakulakwitsa mu zakudya.

Kudandaula kotere kwa wodwala kumapereka chifukwa chokayikira atherosulinosis. Chifukwa chake, madokotala amapitilira gawo lotsatira la matenda - kuwunika kwakunja: cholesterol yowonjezera "yoyipa" imayikidwa pakhungu monga xanthomas ndi xanthelasma. Awa ndimtundu waung'ono wachikaso m'mphepete mwa eyelids komanso ma tubercle achikasu opepuka m'mapewa ndi zidendene.

Kufufuza kwakuthupi kumavumbula kusasintha kwamitsempha kwakutali ndi mitsempha yayikulu, kuzizira kwa zofewa za makutu, zala ndi zala. Ndipo kuti pamapeto pake zitsimikizire kapena kukana kuwunika kwa atherosulinosis, madokotala amafunikira chidziwitso kuchokera ku njira zowerengera zowonjezera.

Njira zakuwonera ziwiya za atherosulinosis

Pamaso kudziwa mtima wa atherosulinosis ya kutengera kwina kulikonse, maphunziro omwe amavomerezedwa ambiri amawerengedwa: kusanthula konse, coagulogram, zitsanzo zamagazi a rheumatological. Koma pofotokozera momaliza za matendawa, kudziwikitsa eniake a matenda ena ndi kuwunika kwakukulu kwa matenda a atherosclerosis ndikofunikira.

Lipidogram

Ndiko kuwunikira kwa plasma yamagazi pazomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta a cholesterol, ubale wawo wina ndi mnzake, komanso kutsimikiza kwa zomwe akuti atherogenic coeffnty. Amawerengeredwa kudzera muyezo wa cholesterol yathunthu kuti ikhale "yoyipa" - yomwe imatha kulowa mkati mwa khoma la mtima ndikuyika momwemo (low density lipoprotein). Phunziroli mozama kwambiri limawonetsa mkhalidwe wa kagayidwe, makamaka mafuta.

Pofuna kuti musapeze zotsatira zabodza, kukonzekera bwino kafukufukuyu ndikofunikira:

chakudya chomaliza - pasanathe maola 8 magazi asanaperekedwe,
Wofufuzira amafunika kudziteteza kuti asadutse mwamphamvu komanso mwamphamvu thupi kwa masiku atatu, osasintha zakudya,
osuta amalangizidwa kulekerera osachepera mphindi 30 popanda ndudu musanayambe.

Ndipo tsopano pang'onopang'ono pazotsatira za mbiri ya magazi ya venous lipid: chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda atherosulinotic chimakulirakulira ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, otsika komanso otsika kwambiri a lipoproteins, triglycerides. Vutoli limakhudzidwa ndi kuchepa kwa mafuta a cholesterol abwino “omwe amatha kutuluka m'thupi - lipoproteins high.

Ngakhale kuperewera kwa zinthuzi, kuyesa kuwunika kwa atherosulinosis ndikoyenera kuganizira magawo a wodwalayo: zaka zake, jenda, kupezeka kapena kusapezeka kwa matenda oopsa, uchidakwa.

Kuyesa kwa kupsinjika

Kuphatikiza mayeso osavuta kwambiri a katundu. Wodwala popumula amayeza zamkati, kuthamanga kwa magazi, amatenga mtima. Kenako, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kosavuta kumayikidwa (kukwera kuchokera papulatifomu, kukwera njinga yamagetsi, kuyenda pamtunda wamtunda) kapena mankhwala ena. Pakapita nthawi, miyezo yobwereza imapangidwa.

Mndandanda wa Ankle-brachial

Amayeza kokha ndi tonometer. Wodwala amayesedwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kupumula komwe kumagona kumbuyo kwake: choyamba paphewa, kenako pachifuwa kumbali yomweyo.

Index imawerengeredwa pogawa index ya chapamwamba (systolic) kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa mwendo ndi chizindikiro cha systolic magazi pama mkono. Kenako chinthu chomwecho chimachitika mbali inayo.

Ultrasound yamitsempha yamagazi

Njira sifunikira kukonzekera mwapadera, zotsatira za kuyesa kwa ultrasound zidzakhala zokonzeka mukangomaliza kuchita njirayi. Chinsinsi cha ultrasound ndi kuwunika kwa mafunde omwe akupanga kuchokera ku sensor kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zotsatira zake, kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala kapena, momwemonso, madongosolo oboweka kukhoma la mtima akuwonekera polojekiti.

Kodi ndimtundu wamwazi wamtundu wanji womwe ultrasound imakonda kuchita? Mitsempha ikuluikulu yomwe simaphimbidwa ndi ziwalo zamkati ndizoyenera kufufuza - vertebral (khosi), carotid, ubongo, m'munsi komanso kumtunda. Nthawi zambiri, kuwunika kwa ultrasound kumafunikiranso mtima, womwe ma atherosulinosis ake amachititsa kuti munthu akhale ndi vuto.

Doppler ultrasound (Doppler ultrasound)

Iyi ndi njira ya ultrasound yogwiritsa ntchito Doppler potengera kusiyana kwa mafunde omwe amatulutsidwa ndi sensor yapadera ndipo amawonetsedwa posuntha magazi. Zotsatira zake, ndikotheka kuzindikira osati zotupa za mitsempha ya mitsempha, komanso ma vortices a magazi m'malo ochepa, ndipo pansi pawo - kuchepa kwa magazi.

Angiography

Zambiri zitha kupezeka ndikuyambitsa bedi lamitsempha mankhwala osavomerezeka akumayambitsa x-ray - radiopaque. Ikadzaza magazi onse, zithunzi zochepa zimatengedwa. Pa x-ray yowoneka bwino pakuwonekera kwa ziwiya zonse, kukoka kwawo, kukhalapo kwa protrusions mu atherosulinosis.

Pamaso kusiyanitsa, ndikofunikira kuphunzira.

Wofufuzayo amatumizidwa kuchipatala kuti asamakangane ndi zotsutsana zonse. Amatenga magazi ndi mkodzo kuti awunikire, amapanga kuyesa kwa allergological kwa chinthu cha radiopaque.
Maola 8 asanafike panjira, wodwalayo amaletsedwa kudya.
Atangoyamba kudziwa, catheter amailowetsa m'mitsempha yoyenerera, popeza kale anali atapanga mankhwala ndipo anali atapaka minyewa yofewa kuti ipangidwe.
Kusiyanitsa kumathiridwa pang'onopang'ono, kumafalitsa magazi ku ziwiya zonse, ndipo pambuyo pake wodwala amatengedwa ndi ma X-ray m'malo oyenera. Kuunika kumatenga mphindi 40.

Ngati ndi kotheka, kusiyanitsa kwa mitsempha kumathandizidwa ndi computer tomography (CT), yomwe imakulolani kuti mutenge zithunzi zingapo zomwe ndizabwino komanso zolondola kuposa makina a X-ray.

Mankhwala osiyanawo samakhala ziwalo zamkati ndi ziwalo, koma amamuchotsa popanda kufufuza impso patangotha tsiku limodzi.

Mbiri

Uku ndikusiyana koyerekeza kwamitsempha yayikulu ya mtima. Kusiyanitsa kumayambitsidwa mu coronary lumen ndi angiographic catheter kudzera mu femoral kapena radial artery. Coronarography imachitika nthawi zonse motsogozedwa ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa kupuma, ECG. Panthawi ya ndondomeko, wodwalayo amakhala maso ndipo amatsatira malangizo a dokotala (amatembenuza mutu wake, amapuma kwambiri, akupuma).

Kukonzekera kwapadera sikofunikira, kupatula kungobwera kudzayesedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso ndi matumbo oyeretsedwa. Pambuyo pake, tsiku loyesedwa limawonedwa kuchipatala.

MRI kupimidwa mtima

Njira yolondola kwambiri yodziwira matenda a atherosulinosis ndi kungoganiza zamatsenga. Cholinga chake ndi ichi: mkati mwa kaphatikizidwe kamene wodwala amayikidwapo, mphamvu yamagetsi imapangidwa, ndikuwonekera kwambiri ndi mafunde amagetsi am'magetsi, maselo am'mimba amayamba kuyambiranso. Yankho ili likujambula chida. Ubwino wa phunziroli ndi kuthekera koyerekeza zomwe mwalandira mu nthawi yeniyeni. Njira yokhayo yokonzekera njirayi ndiyo kupewa kale kwa maola atatu

Njira yodziwira njira yodziwira kuti matendawa agundika ndi kukhazikitsa kukula kwa kuuma kwake yakhala yovuta kwambiri pakhungu lakutsogolo, lotchedwa intravascular optical cohere. Imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina a MRI. Chinsinsi chake chimachepetsedwa ndikuwunikira kwa makoma amitsempha ndi LED yomwe idalowetsedwamo. Amalembanso nthawi yobwerera chizindikiro chomwe chikuwonetsedwa ndikuchipititsa ku chiwonetsero cha tomograph.

Atherosclerosis genetic chiopsezo chowunikira

Mitundu ya m'mimba yopanda kanthu m'mimba yama venous imazindikira kukhalapo kwa ma polymorphisms mu chikhomo cha lipid metabolism matenda (apolipoprotein E). Phunziroli limalola onse kuti azindikire kale atherosermosis ndikupanga kuchuluka kwa matendawa akadali achichepere. Malinga ndi zomwe zapezedwa, maukadaulo ena amasankhidwa mokhudzana ndi nkhaniyi: kuyambira pakukonzanso kadyedwe mpaka njira zosinthira mosamala.

Kusanthula kwa ma genetic kwa atherosulinosis kumachitika pambuyo pa kudya kwa maola 10.

Zomwe zimapezeka ndikuzindikira kuthekera ndi gawo la chitukuko

Atherosulinosis imapezeka ndi kuphatikiza kwa njirazi, ndipo ndi dokotala wokhayo amene amadziwa njira yodziwika ndi zotupa za gawo linalake lazitali.

Kuti mudziwe zamatenda, poganizira za kuthekera kwanyumba, mayeso ena ovomerezeka amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kusintha kwa atherosulinotic kwa msempha kumawonekera bwino pa CT ndi MRI, mosiyana ndi angiography.
Matenda a mtima a Coronary amatsimikiziridwa ndi pafupifupi njira zonse zomwe zimathandizira kusiyanitsa ndi perivascular fibrosis yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha sanali atherosranceotic.
Kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zamagetsi zamagetsi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi rheoencephalography, CT, MRI, ultrasound, dopplerography.
Zilonda zam'mimba za m'munsi zam'munsi zimadziwika panthawi yoyesedwa kwa ankolo-brachial, angiography, dopplerometry, CT, MRI, ultrasound.

Pozindikira matenda a atherosulinosis komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito zake pakalipidwe kuphatikiza njira: Njira imodzi iliyonse yoyeserera sikupereka chithunzi chokwanira chosintha mtima. Maphunziro ena amachitidwa pamaziko a kunja, ena amachitidwa pamlingo woyenera. Njira zambiri zimakhudzana ndi ntchito zolipiridwa, ndipo gawo laling'ono chabe - kwaulere. Koma nthawi zina ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama kusiyana ndi kumangoyambiranso ndi mtima, dipatimenti yamitsempha yokhala ndi stroko, kapenanso kusiyidwa popanda mwendo kapena gawo la matumbo.

Palibe kukakamizidwa kuyezetsa ndi kulandira chithandizo mdziko lathu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti munthu ali ndi ufulu kuyendetsa bwino thanzi lake!

Tanthauzo la chiopsezo komanso dera lomwe lingawonongeke

Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimawonekera pambuyo pakuwunika kwa mtsempha ndi 80% yodzaza ndi cholesterol amana.

Kusokonezeka kwa magazi kumayambitsa matenda, zomwe zimapangitsa wodwalayo kumva. Kuzindikira kwa zamankhwala kumatsimikizira molondola ngati pali zolembera za cholesterol m'matumbo a munthu. Pa phwando, dokotala amachita kafukufuku wa wodwalayo, kuti awonetsetse omwe angatenge matendawa:

kudya nyama yoyenga mafuta (margarine),
Kuledzera
kupanikizika kwa nthawi yayitali
matenda a endocrine
kunenepa kwambiri
chibadwire
zolimbitsa thupi
zotsatira za zovulaza zachilengedwe, zinthu zopanga.

Kuwonongeka kwathunthu kwa mtima - chithunzi chosowa. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mitsempha ya muubongo, mtima, impso kapena miyendo nthawi zambiri imavutika. Kutengera ndi zovuta za wodwala komanso zotsatira za kafukufukuyo, dokotala amatha kudziwa malo omwe akuwonongeka ndi kulondola kwakukulu.

Kudziwika kwa mapepala m'mitima ya mtima kumabweretsa kuperewera kwakukulu kwa coronary. Munthu amadandaula za kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum, mpaka khosi, dera la scapula, mkono wamanzere. Zotsatira zake, matenda amtima, matenda a mtima, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction.

Zilonda zam'madzi am'malo am'munsi zimayambitsa kufooka m'miyendo, kupuwala gait, kukoka kwapadera, mapazi ozizira. Mikwingwirima mu minofu ya ng'ombe, nthawi zambiri usiku, ndi nkhawa. Zotsatira za matendawa ndi kuphwanya kwa trophism (zilonda zam'mimba), gangrene.

Njira yodziwika bwino m'mitsempha ya impso imayambitsa kuchuluka kwa magazi, mawonekedwe a mapuloteni mumkodzo. Chifukwa cha kuperewera bwino kwa maselo a impso, amafa. Matendawa amabweretsa matenda oopsa kwambiri chifukwa cha kulephera kwaimpso.

Atherosulinosis ya ziwiya zaubongo imayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro am'mutu, kukumbukira kwa kukumbukira. Wodwalayo amadandaula za kugona tulo, kusakwiya, phokoso m'mutu, chizungulire, kupweteka kwa mutu. Zotsatira za matendawa zimatha kukhala ziwopsezo.

Njira zowonetsera matenda atherosulinosis

Kutengera ndi zisonyezo, kuzindikira kumachitika ndi katswiri, neuropathologist, katswiri wa opaleshoni ya mtima (angiologist), wamtima. Gulu la maphunziro limapereka chifukwa choweruza ngati pali zolembera za cholesterol m'mitsempha ya wodwala. Njira yayitali yotsalira imasinthasintha m'magazi ndi mkodzo, ndikusintha kapangidwe kawo, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mayeso angapo.

ambiri komanso zamankhwala amuzolengedwa pamagazi,
chizindikiritso cha michere ya chiwindi,
kusanthula kwa mapuloteni amwazi,
coagulogram
kusanthula kwakanthawi kwamkodzo.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa mankhwala okhala ndi sulufule acid acid kumapangitsa kuyesa kuopsa kwa kufa msanga. Chizindikiro cha cholesterol yathunthu, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yotsika kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala ndi triglycerides, apoliproteins, mafuta achilengedwe aulere ndi ofunika kwambiri. Kutengera ndi mayeso a labotale, kuchuluka kwa atherogenicity kumawerengeredwa, zomwe zimatilola kuona kuti matendawa adawonekera padziko lonse lapansi.

Madokotala odziwa bwino amadziwa momwe angadziwire ndi zizindikiro zakunja zokhudzana ndi atherosulinosis. Njira zosakhazikika ndi kukula kwa tsitsi m'makutu, khungu wen, mafuta a cholesterol kumapeto. Odwala atherosulinosis, kuwonongeka kwa tsitsi ndi kuwonongeka kwa ma msomali amadziwika. Pakufufuzidwa, dokotalayo amatchulanso kuchepa thupi, kufupika, khungu lake, kuchuluka thukuta. Kuchokera ku psyche pali nkhawa, kusintha kwakuthwa m'maganizo.

Njira Zofufuzira Zazinthu

Mankhwala amakono amathandizira kuti adziwe zoyenera kudziwa mwa kudziwa momwe zotupa za mtima zilili, kuchuluka kwa kuchepetsa kwa lumen komanso kuwonongeka konse. Dongosolo lolondola limapulumutsa moyo wa munthu, kumulola kuti apange njira yokwanira yamankhwala. Kuzindikira kwa Ultrasound kwamitsempha yamagetsi kumatithandizira monga njira yodziwikiratu yomwe imazindikira njira zambiri zamtundu. Mankhwala ali ndi njira zina zodziwira matenda.

Transcranial Doppler. Kupenda kwa Ultrasound kwamitsempha yamitsempha, modalirika kudziwa momwe magazi amayambira.
MRI (imagonance imaging). Amapereka lingaliro la pathologies yamitsempha yamagongo aubongo. Njira imazindikira kuundana kwa magazi, zisindikizo zam'madzi. Ndondomeko zitha kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zosiyana.
Rheoencephography (chithokomiro chamagulu). Njira yotsika mtengo komanso yolondola yoyesera zotengera muubongo. Zimapereka lingaliro la kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa kutanuka mtima ndi kamvekedwe ka mtima. Imafotokoza za kayendedwe ka magazi a venous komanso ochepa magazi.
Kusintha kopanga. Njira yapadziko lonse yofufuzira mitsempha. Imayang'ana ziwiya zaubongo ndi khomo lachiberekero chifukwa cha magazi, mapangidwe ake a fibrotic. Limakupatsani mwayi wofufuza zamitsempha zamtundu uliwonse (impso, miyendo yam'munsi, carotid artery).
Electrocardiogram Njira imawunikira momwe minyewa ya mtima imagwirira ntchito ndikugawa magazi kwa chiwalo.
Echocardiography. Ma electrocardiogram opezeka pansi pazinthu zakuthupi kuti azindikire kugwira ntchito kwa mtima.
Zolemba pamakompyuta Ntchito pophunzira ziwiya zam'mimba komanso za thoracic, dera la pelvic, miyendo, mtima. Imapereka chithunzi chamitundu itatu chamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Imalola kuti muwone kusintha kwa chotupa, kusintha kwa msempha.
Zotsatira Njira zowowerera zowunikira zomwe zikufuna kuyambiranso. Njirayi imaphatikizanso kuyambitsa chinthu chosiyana kudzera mu chotupa cha akazi kuti chizitha kukonza matenda mwa kukhazikitsa stent yomwe imalepheretsa kupendekera kwa chotengera.
Kukonzanso. Njira yake cholinga chake ndi kuphunzira kayendedwe ka magazi m'mitsempha ya manja ndi miyendo.
Phlebography. X-ray yamatumbo amiyendo, yochitidwa ndi kuyambitsa kwa wotsutsana naye.

Atherosclerosis ndizovuta kudziwa koyambirira. Munthu amene wafika zaka makumi anayi akulimbikitsidwa kukayezetsa mosasamala kanthu zaumoyo, kuti athe kuzindikira matendawa munthawi ndikuwasintha moyo wawo. Wodwalayo amasankha payekha njira yoyeserera, kutengera zomwe akuwonetsa, malangizo a dotolo, komanso kuthekera kwa chipatala.

Kodi atherosulinosis ndi chiyani?

Awa ndi matenda osachiritsika pomwe cholesterol imayikidwa kukhoma lamkati la ma cell Pang'onopang'ono, mafuta a cholesterol amaphatikizika, amakula, calcium imadziunjikira ndipo minofu yolumikizana imakula. Chifukwa chake, ma cholesterol plaque amapangidwa omwe amachepetsa kuwala kwa mitsempha ndipo amasokoneza kayendedwe kamagazi, ndipo zotengera zokha zimakhala zochepa komanso zotanuka.

Zofunika! Mpaka pomwe chidindacho chimalepheretsanso lumen ya chotengera, mwina simungazindikire kuti pali cholakwika ndi inu: palibe zodziwika mu magawo oyamba a matendawo.

Kodi chifukwa chiyani ma arteriosulinosis amachitika?

Zifukwa zenizeni sizikudziwika. Amakhala akukhulupirira kuti zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri zimalimbikitsa mafuta m'thupi komanso zimayambitsa matenda a atherosulinosis. Koma m'maphunziro atsopano, ubale pakati pa cholesterol womwe umalowa m'thupi ndi chakudya komanso matenda omwewo umakayikiridwa.

Masiku ano, pali mitundu yambiri yokhudza chifukwa chomwe cholesterol imayamba kuyikidwira pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi. Zina mwazifukwa lipid kagayidwe (pamene cholesterol sikukonzedwa koma kudziunjikira) ndipo kuwonongeka kwa mtima (zimaganiziridwa kuti mothandizidwa ndi cholesterol, thupi "limakonza" madera owonongeka, chifukwa chomwe malembedwe amapanga). Komabe, onsewa amafunikira zowonjezera zowerengera ndi kafukufuku watsopano.

Imodzi mwa malingaliro amakono ndi yotupa. Amakhulupirira kuti kachilomboka kapena ma carantiantijeni (ma protein m'maselo omwe thupi limayamba kuwona ngati osawadziwa ndikuwatsutsana nawo) zimapangitsa kutupika m'matumbo. Ndipo, imayambitsa cholesterol yochuluka pamakoma amitsempha. Miyezi ingapo yapitayo, asayansi aku Russia adafalitsa zotsatira za kafukufuku wawo wamkulu, adachita mogwirizana ndi anzawo aku Japan, USA ndi Germany, zomwe zikuwonetsa kulumikizana pakati pa matenda a cholesterol metabolism komanso kutupa.

Kodi chiwopsezo cha atherosulinosis ndi chiyani?

Kupeza matendawa kumayambiriro kumakhala kovuta, chifukwa ngakhale cholesterol yambiri "yoyipa" sizitanthauza kuti zochulukirapo zimasungidwa pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi. Komabe, ichi ndi chizindikiro chochititsa mantha, chomwe chikusonyeza kuti mwayi wokhala ndi atherosulinosis ndiwokwera, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kuyang'anira thanzi lanu mosamala.

Atherosulinosis imayamba pang'onopang'ono komanso mosazindikira: Zizindikiro zosasangalatsa zimawoneka pokhapokha ¾ wa lumen ya mtsempha wa magazi ataletseka kale. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa ndimutu, chizungulire komanso kukomoka, zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya mutu ndi khosi. Zizindikirozi zikuwonetsa kusakwanira kwa magazi ku ubongo, komwe kumayambitsa kugunda.

Zina zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha atherosulinosis:

matenda a mtima ndi kuphwanya kwamtima,
pulmonary infaration
kutsekemera kwamatumbo (mawonekedwe a bowo m'makoma ake),
ochepa matenda oopsa komanso matenda a impso,
kulumikizana pang'onopang'ono, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi zowawa, kukokana komanso kutopa m'misempha ya ng'ombe.

Momwe mungamvetsetse ngati muli ndi atherosulinosis

Nthawi zambiri, atherosclerosis imapezeka mwangozi pakaunikidwa. Kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi matendawa moyenera kapena kuzindikira matendawa m'mayendedwe oyambira, ma ultrasound a ziwiya amatumizidwa ndi Doppler (sensa yowonjezera yomwe imawonetsa kayendedwe ka magazi kudzera m'mitsempha ndikuwona momwe imakhalira). Njira ya coronary angiography imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupenda zamitsempha yama mtima: kuchuluka kwa kuchepetsa kwa lumen kwa mtsempha kumatsimikiza pogwiritsa ntchito ma x-ray.

Atherosulinosis wapeza - chotsatira ndi chiyani?

Chithandizo chimatengera gawo la matendawa komanso kuthekera. Osatinso otsogola kwambiri, perekani mankhwala. Pamene lumen ya chotengera ikachepetsedwa kwambiri ndipo pamakhala chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima, thrombosis, stroko, kapena kuwonongeka kwa chiwalo chilichonse chokhudzana nacho, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuchitira opaleshoni. Pa nthawi ya opareshoni, zipolopolo zimachotsedwa kapena ma arterial lumen amadziwitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chitsulo kapena chitsulo champhamvu chomwe chingapangitse kuti chombocho chikhale chokwanira. Muyenera kusintha moyo wanu ndi zakudya zilizonse.

Kodi ndingadziteteze ku atherosclerosis?

Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa ndi National Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood (NHLBI) lolemba ku U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, atherosulinosis imateteza kugona mokwanira komanso kokwanira. Asayansi adayesera mbewa ndikupeza kulumikizana pakati pa mulingo wa hypocretin (mahomoni omwe ali ndi vuto la kulakalaka, kupatsa mphamvu kugona ndi kugona kosalekeza) ndikupanga maselo otupa - monocytes and neutrophils - mu marongo. Kukwera kwambiri kwa hypocretin, kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha kutupa m'mitsempha yamagazi, komwe kungayambitse kuyatsidwa kwa cholesterol. Pakusowa tulo (kugona kosakwanira mwezi umodzi), makina awa amalephera.

Momwe mungadziwire atherosclerosis?

Ndi ma pathologies a circulator, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti mutha kupatula kuthekera kwa kupitirira kwa atherosulinosis. Kupanda kutero, pali chiopsezo cha zovuta zowopsa zomwe zimakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zofunika.

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa momwe mungapangire mtima wamatenda am'mimba, yang'anirani izi:

Sinthani mthunzi wachikopa cha miyendo kuti chikhalepo.
Ndi kuchepa pang'ono kutentha, kuzizira kumachitika.
Kuchepetsa kukakamiza.
Kutupa, kulemera m'miyendo ndi ziwalo zina zamthupi.
Ululu mu ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la atherosclerosis nthawi zambiri amadandaula za kutopa, kusasamala, kukomoka kotheka, chizungulire chosatha. Kuchulukirachulukira kwathanzi sikuyenera. Mwina chitukuko cha matenda a ziwalo zosiyanasiyana.

Kuphwanya magazi m'thupi kumabweretsa ngozi zambiri. Izi zimadziwonetsera ndikuphwanya kapangidwe ka mitsempha ya carotid ndi ziwiya zina zomwe zimapereka magazi ku ubongo. Ngati chiwalochi chalandira mpweya wokwanira, zizindikiritso zotsatirazi zimatuluka mwachangu:

Kuchepa kukumbukira, odwala amayiwala msanga zomwe zidamuchitikira posachedwa.
Mutu wapafupipafupi womwe sungathe kuyimitsidwa ndi analgesics wamba. Ndi zolimbitsa thupi, zimachulukana.
Kuwonongeka kowoneka, mapangidwe a zotsatira za kusinthasintha kwa maso.
Matenda a kugona, pafupifupi kusowa kwathunthu kwa maloto.
Nthawi ndi nthawi kumawonekera tinnitus, zovuta zina zomvera.
Kukomoka pafupipafupi mwa anthu omwe sanadwalidweko kale ndi izi.
Kuyanjana pakati.
Ndi chitukuko cha atherosulinosis ya ubongo, kufupika kwakanthawi kwa nkhope, Hyperhidrosis ndiyotheka.

Ndi atherosclerosis, ntchito yamatumbo a coronary nthawi zambiri imasokonekera, yomwe imakhudza minofu yamtima. Zizindikiro zakuchepa kwa myocardium, kuthamanga kwa zimachitika, kusakhazikika kwa mitsempha ya mtima kumachitika. Matenda a mtima akuwonetsedwa, amadziwika ndi zizindikiro zotere:

Kuyaka kupweteka kumbuyo.
Kumverera kosalekeza.
Zovuta kupuma kwambiri, makamaka munthawi ya kudzoza.
Angina pectoris.
Kuchuluka kwa mtima.

Zizindikirozi zimatha kukula osati kokha ndi chitukuko cha matendawa, komanso ndi moyo wosayenera, zizolowezi zoipa, kudya kosasamala, komanso kugwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso.

Nyali

Ndi atherosclerosis, kapangidwe ka mitsempha yamagazi kamasokonezeka, kamene kamakhala ndi vuto loipa mthupi. Ngati malekezero akumtunda kapena otsika salandira magazi okwanira, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimawonekera:

Ululu m'manja kapena miyendo, yomwe imakulirakulira poyenda, kuthamanga, kapena kugwira ntchito zolimbitsa thupi.
Kumva dzanzi.
Kubwezeretsanso mabala kosakwanira, makamaka pamapazi.
Kutentha kwa malekezero ake kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kuposa kale.
Kugunda kwamiyendo sikumveka bwino.

Ndi atherosclerosis, kupweteka kwa minofu kumapezeka. Mukazindikira matendawa, ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa ndi arthrosis, yomwe pamagawo oyamba ali ndi zofanana. Ndi atherosulinosis, si mafupa omwe amakhudzidwa, koma minofu.

Kodi zimachitika bwanji mayeso?

Kusiyanitsa mitundu ya atherosclerosis kumaphatikizapo maphunziro othandiza ndi a labotale omwe amapangidwa motere:

Kusanthula mkodzo ndi magazi.
Ultrasound, fluoroscopy ndi njira zina zofunikira pakuwunika kwa mawonekedwe a makoma a mtima.
Kutsimikiza kwa magazi, ECG.
Ophthalmoscopy
Coagulogram.
Chiwerengero cha magawo athupi athupi lathupi molingana ndi zaka, umunthu payokha.

CT angiography

Mukamapangira tomography yowerengera, mutha kuwona mawonekedwe amitsempha yamagazi, kuzindikira kuphwanya kwa thupi. CT angiography ilibe vuto lililonse kwa anthu, chifukwa imafunikira kuwonekera pang'ono. Ili ndi zotsutsana zingapo, zomwe sizipangitsa mavuto.

Kulemba kwamtunduwu kumachitika pang'onopang'ono. Wothandizira kusiyanitsidwa kumayambitsidwa, pambuyo pake kuwunika kwa x-ray kumachitika. Chithunzi sichimaganiziridwa mwachangu, koma mutatha kukonza zotsatira pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapakompyuta.

Zimathandizira kuzindikira zovuta zam'mitsempha, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mozama kuti zidziwitse momwe mitsempha ya vertebral ndi carotid imachitikira. Ngati khoma lamitsempha likafika pamtunda wa 1 mm kapena kuposerapo, kupatuka uku kumawonekera bwino. Kuti muwone momwe minofu yamtima imakhalira, amagwiritsidwa ntchito intracoronary ultrasound.

Mukalumikizana ndi chipatala chamakono, odwala amapatsidwa mawonekedwe obwereza kapena a triplex, omwe amadziwika kuti amapeza chithunzi chosinthika. Pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu iyi ya kafukufuku wazofufuza, munthu sangangoganizira kapangidwe kake ka mitsempha yamagazi, komanso kusiyanitsa kayendedwe ka magazi motsatira, zomwe zimasonyezedwa ndi mtundu wofananira.

Electron mtengo Tomography

Ndikofunikira kuzindikira mawonekedwe a magwiridwe antchito, kapangidwe ka mtima mu mawonekedwe atatu. Njirayi imatenga nthawi yochepa. CRT imakhala ndi gawo lovulaza kwambiri kwa wodwala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda a mtima. Ndikofunikira kuwona m'mitsempha yama coronary, kumveketsa kupezeka kwa kuphwanya komwe sikungapezeke pazinthu zina.

Laboratory diagnostic atherosulinosis imaphatikizapo kutenga magazi ndi mkodzo mayeso, electrophoresis, kutsimikiza kwa protein ya ANO-B mu seramu yamagazi, kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins, ndi kutsimikizira kwa coagulograms. Choopsa kwambiri chomwe chikuwonetsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis imawonedwa ndikuphwanya matenda a lipid metabolism, omwe amatha kupezeka ndi kupezeka kwa dyslipoproteinemia.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi mkodzo kumachitika kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa zomwe zikuwonetsa:

Kuyesedwa kwamwazi wamagazi kumaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili pamwambapa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozera mgwirizano wa atherogenicity.

Mayeso ena a labotale:

Electrophoresis ya lipoproteins imathandiza kuzindikira matendawa.
Kuwona kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a-B-m'mwazi kumachotsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis.
Kuti mumveke bwino zotsatira mukazindikira kuchuluka kwa lipoprotein m'magazi, njira yogwiritsira ntchito Katemera imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
The coagulogram akuwonetsedwa pa nthawi ya pakati, ntchito zovuta kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa matendawa.

Kuti mudziwe bwino za atherosulinosis, ndikofunikira kuwerengera kalozera wamchiuno. Kuti muzindikire gawo ili, muyenera kugawa mulingo wa magazi a systolic m'chiwuno ndi mtengo womwe uli paphewa. Pathology sadziwika ngati chindapusa chili ndi phindu kuchokera pa 0.9 mpaka 1.45. Ngati zotsatira zake zili pansipa, kudziwika koyenera ndikofunikira.

Kuti mumalize bwino nkhaniyi, tsatirani malangizo:

Dziwani kupanikizika mu mwendo wotsika.
Pezani malo pa mkono womwe ndi wofanana ndi woyesedwa kumiyendo. Dziwani zovuta zomwe zili m'malo oyenera.
Chitani ziwerengero.
Fananizani nambala yomwe idatsogolayo ndi zizindikiro zabwinobwino.

Musanatenge miyezo, ndibwino kusamukira pamalo oyimirira. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zoyenera, pimani kangapo kangapo. Sankhani masamu. Chifukwa chake mutha kuzindikira kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa matendawa molondola kwambiri.

Ngati atherosulinosis atapezeka, kuwongolera kwa mawonekedwe a zovuta, kupewa zovuta ndikofunikira. Popanda chithandizo choyenera, ma atherosselotic plaque amatuluka, kutsekereza magazi kulowa m'mitsempha yofunika ndi mitsempha. Kuzindikira kwakanthawi kumachepetsa ngozi ya kugunda kwa mtima, sitiroko, ndi kufa.

- Momwe mungadziwire mtima wamatenda a mtima

Atherosulinosis sikuti nthawi zonse imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwokhudzana ndi zaka m'mitsempha yamagazi. Kukula kwake kumatha kuyamba ali mwana. Koma chifukwa chosapezeka zizindikilo zilizonse za matendawa, sizingatheke kudziwa momwe matendawo amayambira.

Ndipo pokhapokha ngati 85% ya mitsempha ya m'magazi ikhudzidwa ndi zolembera zamatenda a cellos, chizindikiro cha matenda ena omwe amachititsa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino amayamba kuoneka. Ndipo nthawi zambiri, mitsempha yamagazi mu mtima, ubongo, impso, kapena malekezero amachepera.

Mofananamo, zizindikiro za atherosulinosis zimawonekera kutengera komwe chombo chawonongeka .Ngati kuwonongeka kwa ziwongo za ubongo, kukumbukira, ntchito yam'maganizo imachepa, kugona kwambiri, kugona kwadzidzidzi, mantha, kulira, kuwonda komanso phokoso kumutu, komanso chizungulire.

Kusintha kwa pang'onopang'ono kwa mitsempha ya muubongo kungayambitse kugundika komanso kuwonongeka. Ngati kuwonongeka kwa zotengera za mtima, kupendekeka kwa lumen kumayambitsa kuperewera kwa mphamvu, zizindikilo zoyambirira zomwe zimapangitsa kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum kudera lamtima. Nthawi zambiri amapereka kwa tsamba la phewa, mkono wamanzere ndi khosi.

Maonekedwe awo amatsogozedwa ndi kupsinjika kwakuthupi ndi kwamaganizidwe. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwamitsempha yama mtima, angina pectoris, matenda am'mitsempha, matenda amtima, matenda a sclerotic.

Atherosulinosis ya m'munsi yam'munsi imatha kufotokozedwa ndi kufooka m'miyendo, kukoka ululu, kukokana m'matumbo a ng'ombe, makamaka usiku, ndipo nthawi zina mwa kusokonezeka kwa gait (lameness). Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi, kuzizira kwamapazi ndi ululu m'minwe ina.

Kupititsa patsogolo kufooka kwa zokhala m'munsi kumabweretsa zilonda zam'mimba komanso zilonda zam'mimba.

Atherosulinosis zombo - Matenda oopsa kwambiri omwe ndi ovuta kuwachotsa. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti zoyamba zizindikiro atherosulinosis zitha kuchitika zaka kapena zaka makumi atadutsa kukula kwa matendawa m'thupi.

Khalani ndi moyo wathanzi. Osazengereza kupewa atherosulinosiszombo chifukwa mtsogolo - ndizotheka kuti m'zaka zochepa zitha.

Tsatirani zakudya zapadera. Yesani kudya zakudya zochepa zomwe zimatulutsa cholesterol yambiri momwe zingathere. Izi ndi monga mkaka, mazira, nyama yamafuta, mafuta anyama, chiwindi, impso, caviar, ndi zina zambiri. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya biringanya, kaloti, adyo, phulusa lamapiri, sitiroberi, etc. Mwambiri, muyenera kudya masamba ambiri, chimanga, zipatso ndi zipatso.

Sungani cholesterol yamagazi anu athanzi. Kumbukirani kuti mafuta a cholesterol muzakudya zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku sayenera kupitirira 300 g.

Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Thamanga, kusambira, phunzira masewera andewu - kuvina zamasewera - sankhani zomwe mukufuna ndikuchita.

Koma musaiwale zakufunika koti mukhale ofunda ndi kudziteteza mukamaphunzitsidwa.

Siyani kusuta. Chiwopsezo chotenga atherosulinosis zombo omwe amasuta amakhala okwera kwambiri kuposa osuta. Onani shuga yanu. Pewani chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga: matendawa nthawi zambiri amabweretsa chitukuko cha atherosulinosis.

Komabe, mulimonsemo, zovuta zomwe shuga imabweretsa imakhala yokwanira kukakamiza anthu kuti azipewa matenda nthawi zonse.

Pewani kupsinjika nthawi zonse ngati zingatheke. Mikhalidwe yovuta nthawi zambiri imadzetsa chitukuko atherosulinosiszombo.

Pewani kupsinjika pafupipafupi ndipo khalani ololera anthu.

Yang'anirani ndikukhala ndi magazi abwinobwino. Ngati muli ndi mavuto akulu ndi izi, funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Mukayamba kuchitapo kanthu, kuchepa kwa magazi kungayambitse atherosulinosiszombo.

Matenda a mtima myocardium ndichovuta chachikulu kwambiri cha matenda amtima.

Chizindikiro chachikulu chomwe chimakulolani kukayikira kuphatikizidwa kwa myocardial ndikuwukira kwa zowawa, zomwe sizili ngati zovuta zonse zam'mbuyomu.

Mtundu wa ululuwo ungasiyane mwa odwala osiyanasiyana kutengera kukula kwa kuwonongeka kwa minofu yamtima, koma ululuwu ndiwamphamvu kwambiri kuposa ululu womwe umakumana ndi vuto lotsatira la angina pectoris, ndipo silitengera zomwe mankhwalawa anali ogwira ntchito kale ndikugwiritsa ntchito popewa komanso kuchiza kupweteka pachifuwa.

Kutalika kwakanthawi kosazizira kumathandizira kudziwa kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial, komwe sikumayima kwa mphindi zoposa 5 mpaka 10, pomwe ululu womwe umakumana ndi angina nthawi zambiri umatha nthawi imeneyi, makamaka mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira omwe ali ndi nitroglycerin.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mandidol kapena mankhwala ofanana ndi mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba zamankhwala ndimayendedwe amagwira ntchito pokhapokha kuwukira kwa mtima, koma sikuthandiza kwenikweni pakupanga kulowerera kwa mtima.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwalawa kumangothandiza kutsimikizira wodwala, komwe kumakhudzanso mkhalidwe wake wamagulu, koma mwamtheradi sikumakhudza kukula kwa cell necrosis zone nthawi ya infarction ya myocardial.

Kukula kwa necrosis kumayambitsa kutsekeka kwa gawo linalake la minofu ya mtima kupopa magazi, komwe kungayambitse kukula kwa kusasunthika kwakukulu komanso kuzungulira kwa magazi. Kusunthika pagulu laling'ono kumawonetsedwa ndi kupuma movutikira, komwe kutsokomola kumalumikizana, kuwonetsa kuti zingayambitse mphumu yamtima.

Kusunthika mu bwalo lalikulu kumawonetsedwa ndi kusinthasintha kwa kayendedwe ka magazi. Izi zimaphatikizidwa ndi kukula kwa kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa hemodynamic mu ziwalo ndi minyewa yathupi.

Ndi malo ofunikira a necrosis, kupindika kwa minofu ya mtima (chotupa cha mtima) ndikotheka, komwe kumayambitsa pafupifupi kufa nthawi yomweyo chifukwa cha pericardial tamponade, pomwe mtima sungagwire konse. Pankhaniyi, kugunda kwamphamvu kwa mtima kupweteka kumachitika, kenako wodwalayo amasiya kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo.

Atherosulinosis imawonedwa ngati matenda oopsa kwambiri, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala amodzi mwa zifukwa zoyambitsa kupatsirana kwa mtima ndi matenda a mtima. Matendawa amadziwika ndi kuyika kwa cholesterol pamakoma. zomboZotsatira zake ndizomwe magazi amayenda ndikusokonekera zombo. Zochizira komanso kupewa atherosulinosis gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala komanso njira zina.

Pofuna kupewa chitukuko atherosulinosis ndikofunikira kupendanso zakudya ndikutsatira zakudya zina. Onetsetsani kuti muchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito nyama yamafuta ndi mafuta amkaka, komanso shuga, uchi ndi confectionery. Idyani zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ochepa komanso mchere.

Masamba, zipatso ndi mbewu monga chimanga zimalepheretsa mapangidwe amisempha ndi magazi. Mwachitsanzo, biringanya, anyezi, adyo, kaloti, komanso nsomba yowiritsa, mafuta a mpendadzuwa ndi zipatso. atherosulinosis Njira za mankhwala a ku Tibet zimaphatikizanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azitsamba omwe amatsuka m'mimba ndi chiwindi.

Hirudotherapy, acupressure ndi acupuncture amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mwanzeru. Pankhani ya kuphwanya mafuta kagayidwe, mankhwala zotchulidwa kuti matenda kagayidwe kachakudya thupi, kuphatikiza moxotherapy, mwala mankhwala ndi acupressure.

Njirayi imafunikira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zakudya zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zinthu zitatu zokha: oats, tchizi chimbudzi ndi hawthorn. Zodzikongoletsera ndi chimanga zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku oats, mbatata zosenda, juwisi ndi decoctions zimapangidwa kuchokera ku hawthorn, ndipo tchizi chokhala ndi mafuta ochepa chimayenera kudya pafupifupi magalamu 150 patsiku. Zakudyazo zimasankhidwa ndi adokotala payekha payekha payekha.

Njira ina yoletsera atherosulinosis - moyo wathanzi. Chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe matendawa akuonekera ndi kusuta, komwe ndi poizoni weniweni m'thupi.Kuti mukhale ndi zombo zabwino, muyenera kusiya chizolowezi ichi.

Chosafunikanso kwambiri ndikukonza thupi, chifukwa kunenepa kwambiri kumaphwanya kagayidwe kaziphuphu ndipo vutoli likuipiraipira zombo. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi - kusewera masewera kwa mphindi 40 osachepera katatu pa sabata kumalepheretsanso chitukuko atherosulinosis.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kupewa matendawa kumachitika pokhapokha ngati dokotala wadziwa.

Atherosulinosis wotsika miyendo - Uku ndikuchepetsa kwa ma lumens m'mitsempha yamagazi awo chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika komanso kukula kwa "cholesterol plaques", omwe, amawonekanso chifukwa cha zovuta zam'magazi a lipid. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa gawo la magazi opanda magazi, kagayidwe kake kamakulirakulira. Zotsatira zake zimatha kukhala zachisoni kwambiri, kuyambira kupweteka kwambiri komanso kutha ndi gangore. Chikwangwani chikatuluka pakhoma la chotengera, chimatha kutsekeka m'mitsempha, kapena kupangitsa kuti m'mitsempha mulowe. Kodi kuchitira atherosulinosis?

Choyamba, kumbukirani: chithandizo cha atherosulinosis chiyenera kuyambitsidwa mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, pazizindikiro zoyambirira zomwe zikuwonetsa kuchitika kwake (kupweteka m'misempha ya ng'ombe, makamaka kukulira ndi kuziziritsa kapena kuyenda), funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Otetezeka kuposa pepani. Chotsani zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta azakudya muzakudya zanu (kapena muchepetseni). Mosiyana, onjezani kudya kwanu zamasamba. Mafuta owonjezera anamwali.

Yesani kudya zamasamba, mankhwala a lactic acid. Asayansi ambiri ndi akatswiri azaumoyo amalimbikitsa kuyambitsa vinyo wofiira muzakudya zanu (ndizachidziwikire kuti simuyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito molakwika, mlingo sayenera kupitirira magalasi 1-2 patsiku).

Ngati mumasuta, lekani zizolowezi zoyipazi mwachangu! Choyipa chachikulu, ngati chili "champhamvu kuposa inu", musiyire pang'ono kumwa kwa fodya.

Monga momwe dokotala wanenera, tengani mavitamini, makamaka omwe ali ndi mavitamini C, E, PP, F.

Mwambiri, zotsatira zabwino zimaperekedwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana za "kuyeretsa thupi," mwachitsanzo, enterosorption, kutanthauza kuti kwakanthawi kwa nthawi amatsenga ena omwe amamwa zinthu zilizonse zovulaza thupi.

Inde, ziyeneranso kuchitidwa monga momwe akunenera ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, osati kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe mumayeserera. Ngati onenepa kwambiri, tengani njira zonse kuti muchepetse (zakudya, maphunziro olimbitsa thupi).

Yesetsani kupewa hypothermia Monga momwe dokotala wanenera, imwani mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol.

Atherosulinosis ya malekezero am'munsi nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthu achikulire onenepa kwambiri, omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, komanso osuta. Ndi kuphatikiza kwa zonsezi, chiopsezo cha atherosulinosis chimachulukana kangapo.

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha kupunduka ndi kufa msanga m'mayiko otukuka ndi matenda a mtima. Matendawa adayamba "kuchepera" - kupezeka mwa anthu osakwana zaka 35. Chimodzi mwazifukwa zakukula kotere, monga asayansi apeza, ndiko kutuluka kwam'mizinda ndi zotulukapo zake: kupsinjika, zochitika zachilengedwe, kuperewera kwa zakudya, etc.

Chimodzi mwa matenda oopsa a mtima ndi atherosulinosis.

Kodi ndi chiani ndipo ndi ngozi yotani? Atherosulinosis ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amakhudzana ndi kusokonekera kwa metabolic mthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa khoma zombo makulidwe a kholesterol yokhazikika ndi zida zophatikizika zamtundu umodzi zomwe zimapangika pamodzi.

Nthawi yomweyo, kuunikira kwa chotengera kumacheperako, kukomoka, ndipo magazi ake oyenera kupita ku ziwalo ndi minyewa yolandila magazi amatuluka.

Zomwe zimakonzedweratu atherosulinosisa: - Matenda obadwa nawo, - kusuta, - kumwa mowa, - kudya zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta achilengedwe (mafuta a nyama), - cholesterol yayikulu magazi, - matenda ashuga.

At atherosulinosisZida zazikulu, monga aorta, mitsempha yomwe imapereka ubongo ndi miyendo, zimakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri. Chingwe cha atherossteotic chili ndi katundu wina - chimatha kuchoka pa khoma la chotengera ndikuzungulira mozungulira ndi magazi mthupi lonse.

Misonkhano yam'mitsempha yokhala ndi mulifupi yaying'ono pamayendedwe awo, imatseka kuwala kwawo ndikusokoneza magazi ndikupita kuzinthu zapafupi komanso zimakhala. Kotero kutseka kusiyana zombo bongo, stroko imayamba, ndi chotchinga zombo mtima - kugunda kwa mtima, ndi miyendo - gangren.

Chifukwa atherosulinosisndipo njira yonyalanyazidwa imadziwika ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi: - ndi kuwonongeka zombo ubongo - mawonekedwe a ischemic, mikwingwirima, chizungulire, mawu opuwala, mgwirizano ndi kusunthika, - ndi kuwonongeka zombo mtima - kupweteka m'dera la mtima, kusokonezeka kwa phokoso m'misempha yamtima, - ndi kuwonongeka zombo malekezero otsika - kupweteka kwa minyewa ya ng'ombe, poyamba mukuyenda, kenako ndikupumula, kumverera kwadzidzidzi kumapazi, khungu lakhungu, zilonda zam'mimba. Patsani magazi nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mumvetse cholesterol yathunthu, LDL, LDL, ndi triglycerides.

Chizungulire ndi kufooka. Madandaulo oterewa amathandizidwa kwa wodwala aliyense wachiwiri. Zomwe zimatha kukhala zosiyana: kusokonezeka kwa psychogenic, kuphwanya kwa zida za vestibular, osteochondrosis, kusokonezeka kwa magazi, kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kuti mudziwe chifukwa, adotolo amafufuza mayeso athunthu kuchipatala.

- kufufuza kwathunthu kwa udokotala.

Ngati muli ndi kufooka, chizungulire, mseru, kapena kusanza, funsani katswiri wamitsempha. Dokotala wothandizila alembe kalata kwa katswiri mutatha kuchita mayeso a magazi ndi mkodzo.

Popeza chizungulire chikhoza kuyambitsa mitundu yoposa 80 yamatenda, ndiye kuti mudzapatsidwa gawo la ubongo kuti mupeze zotupa kapena ma neoplasms, mwachitsanzo, cyst ndimapangidwe odzaza ndi madzimadzi. Kukula, kumatha kuyika mavuto m'malo osiyanasiyana a ubongo, omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa chizungulire.

Chizungulire cha Psychogenic chimawonekera pambuyo pa kupsinjika kwa malingaliro kapena kupsinjika kwakukulu. Kuphatikiza pa kufooka komanso chizungulire, mutha kukhala ndi nkhawa, kusakhazikika kwamaganizidwe, kusokonekera kwa machitidwe, Kuphatikiza pa zotupa, chizungulire kumatha kuyambitsa microtrauma, zotupa zam'mimba, mitsempha ya m'magazi.

Zovuta zonse zaubongo zimapezeka bwino pogwiritsa ntchito kulingalira kwa maginito. Dokotala adzazindikira ndikuwapatsa chithandizo chofunikira.

Muyenera kuyang'anidwanso zamtima. Ntchito zosokoneza mtima zimayambitsa chizungulire, kufooka, kusakhazikika kwa magazi, tachycardia kapena bradycardia.

Kuzindikira mtima, ECG, UVG, coronarography, ndi echocardiography zimachitika. Kutengera mayesedwe awa, adotolo amatha kudziwa moyenera.

Mudzapatsidwa mwayi wopita kwa dokotala woyang'anira maso kuti akakuyang'anireni. Ngati kupanikizika kwa mitsempha kumakwezedwa, kumatha kuyambitsa chizungulire komanso kufooka.Diagnostics imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito maginito a resonance imaging, ultrasound ndi x-ray.

Onetsetsani kuti mwapereka magazi kwa zotupa. Khansa yoyamba imawonetsedwa ndi kufooka komanso chizungulire. Pakadali pano, njira zina zodziwira matendawa sizimabweretsa zotsatira, popeza chotupacho chimapangika pambuyo pake ndipo kupezeka kwake sikungatsimikizidwe pachigawo choyamba cha khansa.

Momwe mungadziwire mtima wamatenda a mtima

Kumene ndi momwe mungayang'anire mitsempha yamagazi ya atherosulinosis

Atherosulinosis ndi matenda apadera omwe amakhudza mitsempha yama ukulu ndi malo osiyanasiyana. Pathology ili m'gulu la owopsa, chifukwa ngati atapezeka mochedwa komanso ngati palibe chithandizo, amatha kudwala.

Poyerekeza ndi momwe chitukuko cha matenda am'mitsempha, mitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha imaphimbidwira ndi cholesterol plaque, chifukwa chake chitetezo chamunthu kwambiri chimakhala chofooka kwambiri, ziwalo zofunika pang'onopang'ono zimalephera.

Zofunika! Mofananamo, zovuta zazikuluzikulu zimatha kupewedwa ngati mutayang'anitsitsa thanzi lanu ndikuyang'ana momwe ziwiya zili munthawi yake. Mankhwala amakono amakonzedwa kotero kuti amatha kuzindikira matenda atangoyamba kumene, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wochira mwachangu komanso kwathunthu.

Tchati chachitukuko

Madokotala amakono amadziwa njira zingapo zodziwika bwino zokhudzana ndi matenda - endothelial, komanso lipid. Potsirizira pake, choyambirira cha kukula kwa matenda a zam'mimba ndimachulukidwe ochulukirapo a zinthu zamafuta kapena lipids mumagazi onse. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa iwo omwe amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ochepa otsika.

Lingaliro ili limatanthawuza kuti kuchuluka kwama lipids kumathandizira kuti alowe mwachangu mumakoma a mitsempha yamagazi ndikupanga mapangidwe omwe ali oopsa kwa wodwala.

Chiphunzitso cha Endothelial, pazifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimawonekera ndikukula kwa atherosulinosis, imapangitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa zigawo zamkati zamitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimayambitsa zosasangalatsa zingapo molingana ndi zovuta komanso zizindikiro. Iliyonse ya izo imatsogolera pakupanga mwachangu malo opangira malo owonongeka a mtima.

Mfundo ziwirizi zasonyezedwa zimathandizidwa bwino, koma osaphatikizidwa. Zodziwika zimatha kukhala kuti kupangika kwa magazi kumachitika pang'onopang'ono komanso nthawi zambiri kusakhala ndi zizindikiro.

Mapangidwewo atangowerengeka ndikukhala cholepheretsa magazi kuyenda kwachilengedwe, motero, pazakudya zomwe ziwalo zimatengera, palibe chikaikiro cha kukhalapo kwa akatswiri amisala.

Funso lokhalo dokotala asanafufuze komwe vuto limakhala. Nthawi yomweyo, mavuto monga kuwonongeka ndi kulekanitsidwa kwa zolembera pansi pa kuthamanga kwa magazi zitha kuwonedwa. Kudzera kwake, imayamba chifukwa cha magazi, omwe nthawi zambiri amatsogolera kuimfa.

Kodi macheke a mtima amapangidwa bwanji?

Ndizovuta kukayikira kukhalapo kwa atherosulinosis kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko chake, chifukwa zizindikiritso zimatha kukhalapo.

Kuti mudziwe matendawa molondola kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuchita chidziwitso chazachipatala chokwanira komanso kupenda kwa mtima, kuphatikiza njira izi:

Kuzindikiritsa zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha chitukuko cha matenda,
Kuzindikiritsa zizindikiritso
Zoyesa zasayansi,
Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zothandizira kuzindikira.

Iyi ndi njira yapadera yophatikizira yomwe vuto limatha kuzindikira popanda mavuto, komanso popanda mavuto.

Kuwunika kwakukulu

Zinthu zina zomwe zidzathandizire kukhazikitsa malo owopsa sizikumveka.

Mwa zina mwazifukwa zazikulu zomwe zingadziwike:

Kuwonetsedwa kwanthawi yayitali kupsinjika ndi kupsinjika,
Zakudya zodzaza ndi nyama ndi mafuta oyeretsa owopsa.
Kuvutitsidwa kwanthawi yayitali ndi nikotini komanso mowa,
Mavuto obwera kumbuyo mu dongosolo la endocrine,
Kunenepa kwambiri
Chinthu china chokhudza cholowa
Kusowa kapena kuchepera kwa mayendedwe
Kukhalapo kwa kachulukidwe kochepa kwambiri m'mafuta ambiri.

Chizindikiro chilichonse chimathandizira kukula kwambiri kwa zotupa zazikulu za atherosulinotic, ndipo ukalamba pankhaniyi zilibe kanthu.

Kuphunzira kwa chithunzi chonse cha chipatala

Katswiriyo akangodziwa zofunikira zazikulu zakukula kwa matenda a matenda ammimba, akuyamba kupenda chithunzi chonse chachipatala.

Chifukwa cha izi, akuyenera kudziwa kutulutsa kwachilengedwe kwa atherosulinosis.

Zizindikiro za atherosulinosis zomwe matendawa amatha kupezeka ndi matendawa zimatengera gawo liti la thupi lomwe limakhudzidwa kwambiri komanso kuti ndi chiwalo chani chomwe chimadwala magazi.

Zizindikiro zofananazi zitha kukhala motere:

Zowonongeka pamitsempha yaubongo - tinnitus, chizungulire, kuiwalika, kusokonezeka kwakumbukidwe,
Kuphwanya mkhalidwe wamitsempha m'miyendo - polankhula pang'onopang'ono,
Mavuto a m'mitsempha yama coronary - angina pectoris, kupuma movutikira komanso kupweteka pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi,
Zowonongeka m'mitsempha ya impso - kuchepa kwachilengedwe kumatsirizika kwachilengedwe, kukhalapo kwa magazi ndi mapuloteni mu mkodzo,
Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya carotid kumawonetsedwa ndi chizungulire komanso zizindikiro zina zomwe zikufanana ndi zovuta muubongo.
Aortic atherosulinosis imatha kupezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwamkati komanso kupanikizika kwa systolic.

Mwanjira ina, kuganizira mosamala thanzi lanu komanso thanzi lanu, simungangodziwa kukhalapo kwa matendawo, komanso kuzindikira kuti ndi ziwalo ziti zomwe zili ndi vutoli.

Njira zogwiritsa ntchito masiku ano za labotale

Sental vasher atherosulinosis ndi matenda opatsika kwa nthawi yayitali omwe amadzipangitsa kuti asinthe mu kapangidwe ka magazi ndi mkodzo pakukula. Pazifukwa izi, kuyesa kulikonse ndikutsimikizira kwakhazikitsidwa potsatira kuchuluka kwantchito yamankhwala kuphatikiza magazi ndi kuphatikizidwa kwapadera kwamkodzo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mawunikidwe amenewa, momwe mapuloteni, bilirubin, glucose ndi zinthu zina zofunika pakugwirira ntchito kwakuthupi kwatsimikizika.

Yankho la funso la momwe mungayang'anire mitsempha yamagazi pogwiritsa ntchito njira zofufuzira zamankhwala zimapangitsa kuti athe kupeza malingaliro pazomwe zimachitika komanso thanzi la mitsempha ndi mitsempha yamagazi mwa wodwala aliyense.

Kutengera ndi cheke cha zasayansi, adotolo amalandira izi:

Mlingo wa cholesterol yathunthu ndi 3.1-5.2 mmol / l,
Yogwiritsa ntchito cholesterol ya HDL - zodziwika ndi zochokera kwa 1.58 - amuna ndi 1.42 - akazi,
Cholesterol yoopsa kapena LDL - mpaka 3,9 mmol / l,
Triglycerides - muyezo ndi 0.14 -1.82 mol / l,
Mndandanda wambiri wa chiŵerengero cha cholesterol choyipa ndi chabwino chimatsimikizika - zomwe zili mpaka 3.

Munthawi yomweyo ndi izi, katswiri amalandila zambiri kuchokera pamitundu yofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa impso, mapuloteni othandizira komanso kuchuluka kwa creatinine.

Kuzindikira ndi kutsimikizira mitsempha yamagazi kumachitidwanso kudzera m'njira zothandiza. Nthawi zambiri, ultrasound yamatumba imachitidwa. Chifukwa chake, zombo zamtundu wosiyana kwambiri zimatha kukokedwa.

Pafupifupi zochitika zonse, njira zofufuzira zimachitika zomwe zimathetsa funso la momwe mungayang'anire mitsempha yamagazi, monga:

Zosiyana ndi X-ray,
Chimayang'ana mkati mwa ziwiya,
MRI
Kuunika kwamalingaliro amomwe mawonekedwe a mitsempha yamagazi,
Kusanthula kwamitsempha yamagazi.Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, mutha kudziwa mtundu wa makoma onse a mitsempha ndi mitsempha,
Transcranial dopplerography ndi mwayi wapadera kuti muwone zombo mkati mwa chigaza.

Zofunika! Njira zonse ndi zabwino komanso zogwira ntchito pakuwoneka bwino kwawo. Uwu ndi mwayi wabwino wowunika momwe zinthu zilili komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito mkati, komanso kuyang'anira zotengera.

Njira zambiri zamasiku ano zimakupatsani mwayi kudziwa malo omwe ziwiya zingawonongeke, kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka, komanso kuchuluka kwa sitimayi. Popanda kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zofufuzira zombo, ndizosatheka kuchita bwino opareshoni, njira zake komanso njira yake yopulumutsira moyo wodwala.

Njira zowonjezera zowunikira

Nthawi zambiri, atherosclerosis, monga mtima wam'magazi, imadziwonetsa yokha ndi zizindikiro zina zakunja. Chifukwa chake, munthawi yomweyo ndi mayeso a labotale ndi zida, kuyesedwa kwa wodwalayo kumachitika. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zizindikirika mawonekedwe oyamba a matendawo.

Pakati pa mawonetseredwe awa, kupezeka kwa wen pakhungu, komanso cholesterol plaque pamafupa, titha kuzindikira. Tsitsi lalikulu limamera m'makutu, ndipo misomali imayamba kupunduka mwamphamvu, tsitsi limafooka komanso limakhala locheperako chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwambiri. Zonsezi ndizizindikiro zopanda pake zomwe zingasonyeze mavuto ndi ziwiya zaubongo.

Mungamve bwanji ngati pali atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamagazi?

Atherosclerosis ndi matenda omwe amakhudza thupi lonse. Amadziwika ndi kufotokozera kwa ma lipid maofesi apadera mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi, mu mawonekedwe a otchedwa cholesterol plaque, omwe amachepetsa lumen chiwiya ndikupangitsa magazi kulowa ziwalo.

Padziko lonse lapansi, matenda amtima amakhala m'malo oyamba kufa, ndipo atherosulinosis ndiwomwe amathandizira kukulitsa matenda a mtima ndi mtima.

Momwe mungayang'anire mitsempha yamagazi kwa atherosulinosis?

Mwa zina mwazomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa apangidwe, ziphunzitso ziwiri zazikulu ndizodziwika:

Lipid. Asayansi - mafani a chiphunzitso ichi ali otsimikiza kuti maziko omwe amapanga kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya atheroscrotic ndiwonjezero wamagazi a cholesterol ndi lipid zovuta - LDL (low density lipoproteins) and triglycerides. Chifukwa chakuchuluka m'magazi, zinthuzi zimayikidwa mu khoma la chotengera, kusokoneza kutuluka kwa magazi.
Endothelial. Lingaliro ili limakhazikitsidwa ndi lingaliro la chizolowezi chowononga endothelium - kukhazikika mkati mwa khoma lamitsempha, chifukwa chomwe zigawo zomwe zikukhudzidwa zimachedwetsa mapuloteni-lipid omwe amayenda mozungulira m'magazi, chifukwa chomwe mawonekedwe a atheroscrotic plaque amapezeka.

Njira yomwe ikuoneka kuti ingachitike ikukhudzanso njira ziwirizi nthawi imodzi.

Palinso malingaliro ambiri pankhani yokhudza zoopsa, komabe, mfundo zina zidatsimikiziridwa kale ndipo zimadziwika.

Kukula kwa atherosulinosis kumathandizidwa ndi:

zinthu za cholowa
matenda ena a endocrine system (hypothyroidism, shuga mellitus, etc.),
kusuta
chakudya chopanda malire - kuchuluka kwa mafuta (makamaka olemera m'mafuta a nyama) ndi zakudya zamafuta,
kuchuluka kwa thupi
kusowa kwa magalimoto,
kukhalapo kwa ochepa matenda oopsa.

Ngakhale chinthu chimodzi kuchokera pamndandandawo chimawonjezera chiwopsezo cha matendawa, kuphatikiza pazinthu zingapo kuyenera kukhala chifukwa cha kuyesedwa, mosaganizira zaka za munthu, malo ake ochezera ena ndi zinthu zina.

Mu magawo oyambilira, nthawi ya atherosulinosis imakhala yovuta kwambiri, kuwonetsa kwamankhwala kumatha kuyamba mochedwa, ndipo kuzindikira koyambirira sikungathe kuchiritsa, koma kuchedwetsa njirayo ndikuletsa kupewera zovuta.

Njira Zoyesera Zoyambirira

Mungamve bwanji ngati pali atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamagazi?

Kukhalapo kwa zinthu pamwambapa kuyenera kutsogolera kukayikira koyamba. Matendawa amakula modabwitsa, zizindikilo zimawonekera nthawi zina mothandizidwa ndi atherosulinosis mthupi pakakhala kusokonezeka m'magazi kuti ziwalo ndi ziwalo.

Kutengera ndikukula kwa matenda a pathology, zovuta zingapo zimatha kukhazikika m'thupi zomwe zimakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana ndi machitidwe awo. Pachifukwa ichi, kuwoneka kwa mawonekedwe azikhalidwe kumatengera kuti ndi chiwalo chiti chomwe chidakhudzidwa ndi atherosulinosis komanso kuchuluka kwa matenda omwe amapita patsogolo.

Kuwoneka kwa zizindikiro zokhala ndi vuto lozungulira pamagazi kumafunikira ma diagnostics apadera kuti adziwe matenda ake komanso kuchuluka kwake.

Zizindikiro za zotupa zam'mimba ndi zovuta zamagazi ndiz:

Mutu wapafupipafupi, tinnitus, chizungulire, gait osakhazikika.
Kukhathamira kwa khungu, makamaka miyendo, kuzilala pafupipafupi kapena kuzizira.
Kuthamanga kapena kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Kulemera m'miyendo, kuvuta kwakanthawi, chizolowezi chotupa.
Ululu kumbuyo kwa sternum, kusokonezeka kwa mtima, kupuma movutikira.

Kukomoka, kuchepa kwa ntchito, chidwi, komanso kutopa mosalekeza kungavuteni.

Chithunzi cha matenda a atherosulinosis ndi osiyanasiyana ndipo zimatengera kukula kwa matenda a mtima ndi zotupa zam'matumbo.

"Zida zodziwika bwino" ndi:

bongo ndi carotid mitsempha,
mtima
impso
miyendo yotsika
mawa
zotengera za mesenteric (pamimba pamimba).

Koma pokumbukira kuyambuka kwa matendawa, ndibwino kuti musadikire kuti chithunzi chatsimikizidwe chiwonekere, koma kumayesa mayeso pafupipafupi.

Pali njira yosavuta yochitira kunyumba yoyeserera kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, m'malo opingasa, ndikofunikira kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi paphewa, mwachizolowezi, komanso m'chigawo cha ankolo (bwino koposa - tengani miyezo pang'ono ndikupeza mfundo zapakati).

Kenako, chikhomo chakumaso chimayenera kuwerengedwa ndikugawa kupanikizika kwa systolic pachizindikiro ndi chizindikiro chofananira kuchokera phewa. Ngati zotsatira zake zili mu mndandanda wa 0.9-1.45 - palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa, koma ngati cholowacho chili pansipa, simuyenera kuchedwetsa kupita kwa dokotala.

Kuthekera kwamakono kwamankhwala

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda pamayendedwe Akusaka Osapezeka Kusaka sakupeza Kusaka sikupezeka

Kuzindikira kumayamba, choyamba, ndi kufunsa (kufotokozera za cholowa ndi zina zowopsa) ndikuwunika mwatsatanetsatane.

Nthawi zambiri, pamaso pa madandaulo komanso kukayikiridwa kochepa, kuyesedwa kwa Laborator kumayikidwa. Uku ndikulongosola kwa zisonyezo zingapo zofunika za metabolidi ya lipid: cholesterol yathunthu (yabwinobwino - 3.1-5.2 mmol / L), lipoproteins yayikulu (kuchokera 1.58 mmol / L mwa amuna) ndi otsika (mpaka 3.9 mmol / L) kachulukidwe , triglycerides (0.14-1.82 mol / L) ndi index ya atherogenic (mpaka 3).

Kuphatikiza apo, kuwunika kwa creatinine, mapuloteni a C-reactive, ndi kuchuluka kwa mafupa ofunikira kungafunike. Zizindikiro zowongolera zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana m'ma laboteri kutengera momwe angafikire, ndipo mulimonsemo, ndi dokotala yekha yemwe amatha kuyesa zotsatira zomwe zapezeka.

Ndi kuthekera kwakukulu, njira zowonjezera zowunikira ndizofunikira, zomwe zimagawidwa pazosagwiritsa ntchito (popanda kulowa mkati mwa thupi ndikuphwanya umphumphu wa khungu) komanso zowononga (mwachitsanzo, ndikuyambitsa kusiyana). Itha kukhala:

Kuyesa kwa Ultrasound kwamitsempha yamagazi ndi dopplerographic data ya magawo a magazi. Phunziroli ndi lotetezeka, osafunikira kukonzekera mwapadera.Musasute maola ochepa musanachite njirayi, chifukwa izi zimatha kupangitsa kuti ziwonetserozo ziziyenda bwino ndikusokonekera. Osamadya chakudya maola 12 musanayese zotengera za mesenteric. Kunenepa kwambiri, kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha, kapena matenda amisempha yothandizirana zimatha kusokoneza kutsimikiza. Phunziroli limachitika poika sensor yapadera pakhungu losungunuka lamadzi lomwe limayikidwa pakhungu, lomwe limachotsedwa mosavuta popanda kusiya zotsalira. Monga lamulo, kuwunika kwa ultrasound sikutenga theka la ola ndipo kumapeto kwake wodwalayo atha kubwerera ku ntchito yake.
Kukonzanso, kuwonekera kwa mtima kwa khoma la mtima ndi kutsimikiza kwa makulidwe a intima - mkati mwake mwa membrane wa chotengera. Amachitika pafupifupi monga momwe amachitidwira mayeso a ultrasound, sikufuna kukonzekera, samayambitsa zovuta.
Angiography - Kusiyanitsa ndi X-ray, makompyuta kapena mphamvu yamagalamu. Pamaso pa mitundu ina ya angiography, kukonzekera kumakhala kofunikira, mwachitsanzo, kupatula kwa chakudya kwa maola angapo kapena kuyambitsa masisitere. Ndikofunika kuchenjeza ogwira ntchito zachipatala za mankhwala onse omwe atengedwa, tsankho kwa zinthu zilizonse. Nthawi zina njirayi imafuna kuti wodwalayo abadwe. Choyamba, catheter imayikidwa mu chotengera, nthawi zambiri mumadera a inguinal, pambuyo pa chithandizo chapadera, chomwe wogwiritsa ntchito mosemphana amalowa. Zithunzi za zombo zodzazidwa ndi zosiyana zimawonetsedwa pa polojekiti, pomwe amayesedwa ndi dokotala. Ndondomeko imatha kutenga theka la ora mpaka maola awiri, pambuyo pake catheter imachotsedwa, tsamba la jekeseni limatsekedwa ndi kuvala kosalala. Koma kuti mukhalebe malo opingasa kumalimbikitsidwa kwa maola angapo pambuyo phunziroli.

Kuzindikira atherosulinosis m'mitsempha ya mtima ndi ubongo

Kuti mumvetsetse molondola momwe mungadziwire matenda a chithokomiro cha m'magazi, muyenera kukumbukira zizindikiro zingapo zofunikira za matendawa.

Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizira kukumbukiridwa ndi kugona, kugona mutu komanso kusatekeseka mukamayenda, makamaka kuphatikiza matenda oopsa komanso zina.

Zizindikirozi, kuphatikiza pa kuyezetsa komanso kuyesa mayeso a labotale, ndiyo njira yodziwira njira zodziwira matenda.

Njira zodziwira matenda ndi:

kusanthula kwakanthawi kwamitsempha yama khosi - kumathandizira kuzindikira magawo oyenda a magazi, kukonza kuphwanya magazi mukalowa mkatikati mwa ubongo ndi ubongo,
Doppler ultrasound - Doppler ultrasound - Mayeso a Vascular mkati mwa cranium - Mayeso a Transcranial,
angiography - kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosiyanitsa ndi X-ray kapena kugwiritsa ntchito MRI ndi njira yowonetsera kuwunika kwa mitsempha ndi kuwongoka kwa sitimayo.

Nthawi zina, electroencephalography kapena computer (kuphatikizapo spiral) tomography ya bongo ingafunikire kuwonjezera. Njira zonsezi ndiotetezeka (kupatula zina, mwachitsanzo, kuyanjana ndi sing'anga) ndipo ndikulondola kwakukulu kumatha kuwunika mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo, zovuta zake komanso kuchuluka kwa chithandizo chofunikira.

Momwe mungayang'anire ziwiya zamtima chifukwa cha atherosulinosis?

Pamaso pa zizindikiro za atherosulinosis ya mtima, zotsatirazi zofunikira zingafunike (kuyezetsa kwakuthupi ndi kuyesedwa kumakhala kofunikira kuti aliyense atengere zotupa zam'mimba):

Doppler ultrasonography ya ziwiya zama coronary ndiyo njira yofala kwambiri, yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo.
Angiography ndiyolondola kwambiri komanso yophunzitsira, koma ili ndi zotsutsana zingapo, mwachitsanzo, kupezeka kwa ma pacemaker, stents, kuchepa kwakukulu pamlingo wa kusefedwa kwa impso, etc.
Kuunika kwa intravascular ultrasound - catheter yokhala ndi kafukufuku wa ultrasound imayikidwa mu lumen ya artery, yomwe imakulolani kuti muwonetsetse zolondola.
Spiral compute tomography, yomwe, ngati pakufunika, imachitidwanso poyambitsa njira yosiyanitsa.

Dokotala amatha kuzindikira kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zamiyendo pakuwunika - pochepetsa kuphipha kwamitsempha yamagazi, kutsekeka komanso kuzizira kwa malekezero, kusintha kwa atrophic mu minofu. Njira zotsatirazi zoyeserera zikufunikira:

kuwunika mobwerezabwereza - molondola kwambiri kuposa kupezeka kwapadera kozindikiritsa kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka magazi,
kompyuta angiography ndi njira yodziwika bwino kwambiri.

Mankhwala amakono omwe ali ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zowonongera zodziwikiratu amatilola kuthana ndi mavuto ambiri pofufuza momwe mitsempha ya magazi ilili komanso thanzi la wodwalayo lathunthu, komanso kuopsa kwa zovuta.

Chisankho chimapangidwa malinga ndi mtundu wofunikira komanso kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso, chitetezo komanso kupezeka kwa ma contraindication, kukhalapo ndi gawo la matenda okhudzana ndikuyenera kukumbukiridwa.

Mulimonsemo, malingaliro pazakufunika ndi kuchuluka kwa chithandizo chamankhwala kapena chithandizo chamankhwala opangira opaleshoni chingapangidwe ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino atasanthula zovuta zonse za diagnostics ndi zoopsa zonse.

Tisaiwale kuti kudalira kokha mankhwala ndi maziko azachipatala kuti akhalebe ndi thanzi kumalephera. Kuzindikira koyambirira ndikofunikira kwambiri, koma kupewa ndikofunikira kwambiri popewa kuwoneka ndi chitukuko cha atherosulinosis. Atherossteosis imatha kupewedwa ngati mutsatira moyo wathanzi.

Kuzindikira kwa atherosulinosis akufotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda pamayendedwe Akusaka Osapezeka Kusaka sakupeza Kusaka sikupezeka

Kodi chimapangitsa kupweteka kumbuyo kwa sternum ndi chiyani?

Nthawi zambiri, atherosulinosis, yomwe imayambitsa matenda a mtima. Aliyense wa ife ali ndi mnzake, ndipo nthawi zina wachibale, amene wadwala matendawa kapena akudwala.

Cardiac ischemia yokhala ndi atherosclerosis imatha kuchitika osati pakukalamba. Matendawa amawona zaka 40-50, ndipo ngakhale ali ndi zaka 30. Chifukwa chake ndi chimodzi - atherosulinosis yamitsempha yama mtima. Komanso, mtima atherosulinosis samachitika mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri, komanso mwa anthu ochepa thupi.

Atherosulinosis - Matenda opatsirana, amayamba pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono. Munthu samamuzindikira mpaka nthawi yopweteka komanso kufupika.

Ndipo mawonekedwe a madandaulowa akhoza kunena kale za kupendekera kwamitima yamtima.

Matenda a atherosulinosis samaima mu chitukuko chake popanda chithandizo komanso kupewa komanso amatha kuchitika mwatsoka wam'madzi - vuto la mtima kapena stroko (ngati atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamitsempha yam'mimba imachitika).

Multiple sclerosis (MS) ndi matenda a autoimmune omwe pakali pano sangathe kuchiritsidwa. Matendawa amadziwika ndi dzanzi kapena kufooka mthupi lonse, mavuto amawonedwe, kusowa moyenera komanso kutopa.

Popeza palibe ndondomeko yodziwitsa za matendawa, pali mayeso angapo omwe amachitidwa pofuna kudziwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Mayeserowa atha kuphatikizira kuyesedwa kwa magazi, kupundula kwa msana, ndi njira yodziwira kudziwika yomwe yatulutsa kafukufuku.

Multiple sclerosis imadziwika ngati palibe zovuta zina zamthupi zomwe zapezeka pakuyesera.

Mawonekedwe

Mukakumana ndi katswiri, choyambirira, adokotala amatenga anamnesis ndikufunsa wodwalayo. Pambuyo pake, imayamba kudziwa mawonetseredwe azachipatala. Matendawa amapangika chifukwa chakuti poyambira, ngakhale wodwalayo sakudziwa kuti kusintha kwa magene kumayambira mthupi. Komabe, pali mawonetseredwe oyamba a matendawa omwe akusonyeza kusowa kwa ziwalo ndi machitidwe. Pankhaniyi, wodwala akuti:

Ululu mu akachisi, nape, m'mimba ndi mtima.Monga lamulo, zowawa zotere zimachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa, kulimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu. Wodwalayo samadandaula kwenikweni ndi vutoli, chifukwa zimachitika kawirikawiri, zimadutsa popanda thandizo la kuchipatala.
Kumva kutentha.
Khungu kapena redness la khungu la nkhope.
Thukuta kwambiri pakamagona.
Kumva tsekwe.

Mawonetseredwe oyambira onse samalumikizidwa ndi ziwalo kapena minofu.

Zofunika! Madokotala a matenda a mtima atherosulinosis ndi omwe amawonetsa mawonekedwe amthupi. Zizindikiro zimatengera gawo liti la chotengera kapena chotengera chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi malo a atherosulinotic.

Ubongo

Kuchepa kwa magazi muubongo kumachitika chifukwa chotupa cha chotupa cha m'mimba kapena ziwiya zina zazikulu zomwe zimapatsa ubongo michere yofunika ndi mavitamini kuti azigwira bwino ntchito komanso kugwira ntchito, ndipo matendawa amatchedwa matenda a ubongo. Ngati ubongo sukulandira zinthu zokwanira, ndiye kuti wodwalayo akhudzidwa ndi mawonekedwe a chipatala:

Kukumbukira kumachepa kwambiri, wodwalayo sangathe kukumbukira zochitika zaposachedwa.
Migraine yomwe sichitha mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opweteka. Pakulimbitsa thupi pang'ono, mutu umawonjezeka.
Kuchepa kowoneka bwino, wodwalayo akumva nyenyezi, kuzimiririka m'maso.
Kusowa tulo
Kumva kutayika.
Kutaya chikumbumtima.
Kugwirizana kwamayendedwe kumasokonekera.

Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ndi mitsempha yomwe imadyetsa mtima, wodwalayo amasokonezedwa ndi ntchito ya mtima, mawonekedwe ake amakhala pafupipafupi. Kuphatikiza apo, ischemia imawoneka, yomwe imadziwonetsera pawonetsero zotsatirazi:

Kupweteka kwapweteka ndi kuyaka mu sternum.
Kudzimva kuti ndikulemedwa.
Ndi kovuta kuti wodwalayo apume.
Angina pectoris.
Mlingo wamtima ukuwonjezeka.

Zofunika! Mawonetseredwe azachipatala omwe ali ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya coronary samatulukira kokha chifukwa cha chitukuko ndi njira ya matenda, komanso ndi njira yolakwika. Atherosulinosis ya mitsempha yamatumbo imatsogolera ku sitiroko, yomwe imawopseza moyo wa wodwala.

Miyendo Yotsika

Ndi chidziwitso cha ziwiya zomwe zimatulutsa magazi m'magawo otsika, wodwalayo samva bwino. Ndi magazi osakwanira, wodwala amakhala ndi nkhawa chifukwa cha zomwe akufotokozerazo.

Ululu wam'mimbawa, womwe suvutitsa osati kusuntha, komanso kupuma.
Kudzera.
Kukonzanso kwa minofu sikudutsa pamlingo woyenera.
Kutentha kwanuko kumatsitsidwa.
Kugunda kwamiyendo kumasuka mofooka.

Zofunika! Ndi atherosulinosis ya malekezero akumunsi, wodwalayo amayamba kupweteka m'misempha. Kuzindikira zotupa zam'mapazi kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi zomwe zimatilola kusiyanitsa matendawa ndi ma pathologies ena omwe ali ndi chithunzi chofanana ndi zamankhwala.

Kafukufuku

Kuzindikira atherosulinosis ndi kutsimikizira kwa matendawa kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito njira za labotale popenda magazi, njira zamafayilo. Dokotalayo amapangira maphunzirowa motere:

Laboratory mayeso magazi, mkodzo.
Ma diagnostics a Ultrasound, x-rays ndi njira zina zamagetsi zomwe zimathandizira kuwona mawonekedwe a makoma amitsempha yamagazi.
ECG yomwe imatsimikiza kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Ophthalmoscopy
Coagulogram.
Kuyeza kwa kulemera ndi kutalika kwa wodwalayo, poganizira zaka zake.

Zofunika! Kutsimikizira kapena kutsutsa atherosulinosis, njira zogwiritsira ntchito ma labotale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe zimawunika momwe ziwiya zimapangidwira, kupezeka kwa zolembera za atherosulinotic. Kutengera ndi kuchuluka kwa zotsatira za mayeso, dokotalayo amafotokoza kuchuluka kwa maphunzirowo, gawo la matendawa. Zitatha izi, njira yochizira imayikidwa yomwe imabweza wodwala ku moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Njira zodziwonera za Hardware

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zofufuzira za Hardware, chifukwa ndizovuta kuzindikira atherosclerosis ya misempha poyambira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti matendawa ndiwowoneka bwino ndipo zizindikiro zoyambirira zimawonekera pamene lumen ya chotengera imachepetsedwa ndi theka.Onani njira zazikulu zodziwitsira zomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito kuti adziwe matenda.

Magnetic resonance mankhwala

Pa chithandizo chamatsenga, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanitsira, nthawi zina, palibe wothandizira yemwe amalowa mthupi.

Njira zoterezi zodziwikirira ma atherosulinosis zimapangitsa kudziwa gawo lakumanjayo lomwe limachepetsedwa ndi zolembera za atherosulinotic.

Zofunika! Atherosulinosis ndi njira ya mtima yamankhwala yomwe dokotala amayenera kuwona m'mitsempha yama coronary, kudziwa ngati pali zolakwika zilizonse, kutsekeka kwa ziwiya.

Palibe gawo lofunikira kwambiri lomwe limayesedwa ndi mayeso a labotale a magazi ndi mkodzo, omwe amathandiza akatswiri kuwona kupatuka pang'ono pang'ono pazomwe zimagwira ntchito yayikulu komanso kugwira ntchito kwa thupi. Kwa wodwala uyu atha kutumizidwa kukayezetsa magazi biochemical, mbiri ya lipid, ndi zina zambiri. Njira zazikulu zomwe dokotala amatsatira kuti apeze matenda a atherosulinosis amawonedwa kuti ndikuphwanya mafuta kagayidwe, komwe kungatsimikizidwe mwa kutenga magazi.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumachitika kuti adokotala azindikire zovuta za zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

Cholesterol.
Lipoproteins wotsika kwambiri, kachulukidwe kakang'ono, kachulukidwe kakang'ono kwambiri.
Triglycerides.

Dokotala amathandizanso kudziwa mgwirizano wa atherogenicity. Kuphatikiza apo, wodwalayo amatumizidwira njira zowonjezera zowerengera zasayansi, popeza atherosulinosis imatha kuzindikira munjira zovuta. Izi zikuphatikiza:

Electrophoresis
Kutsimikiza kwa mapuloteni omwe amakupatsani mwayi wotsimikiza kuwunika kwa atherosulinosis kapena kutsimikizira.
Njira yotsatsira matenda.
Coagulogram

Zofunika! Pakuwunika magazi, adotolo amawunikira zisonyezo zoposa chimodzi, koma amayang'ana kuchuluka kwa lipoproteins ndi cholesterol mwatsatanetsatane.

Njira zapanyumba

Pofuna kudziwa atherosclerosis ali okha kunyumba, wodwalayo amatha kudziwa cholozera chakumaso. Kuti muchite izi, mudzakhala ndi kupanikizika kwa systolic m'chiwuno, logawidwa ndi kukakamiza paphewa. Ngati mtengo wake umachokera pa 0,9 mpaka 1, 45, ndiye kuti matenda a zam'tsogolo sawatsimikizira. Ngati wodwalayo adapezeka akudziyimira payekha mosadukiza kapena pang'ono, kuli kofunikira kulumikizana ndi chipatala kuti mutsimikizire kapena kupatula matendawo.

Zofunika! Kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika, wodwalayo ayenera kuvomereza kuti wagona, kuyeza kukakamiza kambirimbiri kuti athetse zosalondola. Kenako, kuchokera pazotsatira zingapo, pezani pafupifupi.

Atherosulinosis ndi nthenda yobisalira, yomwe poyambira siyimawonekera mwanjira iliyonse, nthawi zambiri wodwalayo samakayikira kuti matendawa akhazikika mthupi. Kuzindikira koyambirira kumakupatsani mwayi woyambira komanso kubwezeretsa wodwalayo nthawi yayitali.