Nativa® (Nativa)

Dzina la malonda: Nativa
Dzinalo Losasamala: Desmopressin
Dzina Chemical: 3-sulfanylpropanoyl-L-tyrosyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-lutaminyl-L-asparaginyl-L-cysteinyl-L-prolyl-D-arginylglycinamide cyclic 1-6 disulfide
Fomu ya Mlingo: mapiritsi

Mapangidwe piritsi limodzi
Zogwira ntchito 0,1 mg 0 mg mg
Desmopressin Acetate 0,1 mg 0 mg
molingana ndi desmopressin 0.089 mg 0.178 mg
Othandizira
Lactose Monohydrate 10 mg 10 mg
Crospovidone XL 5 mg 5 mg
Magnesium stearate 2 mg 2 mg
Ludipress mpaka 200 mg mpaka 200 mg
malinga ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu:
Lactose Monohydrate 170.1 mg 170.0 mg
Crospovidone 6.4 mg 6.4 mg
Povidone 6.4 mg 6.4 mg

Kufotokozera
Mlingo wa 0.1 mg: mapiritsi oyera ozungulira ozungulira ndi chamfer ndi chiwopsezo kumbali imodzi
Mlingo wa 0.2 mg: mapiritsi oyera ozungulira ozungulira ndi chamfer ndi chiwopsezo kumbali imodzi

Gulu la Pharmacotherapeutic: Matenda a shuga
Code ya ATX: H01VA02

Mankhwala

Mankhwala
Desmopressin ndi mawonekedwe analogue achilengedwe a arginine-vasopressin, okhala ndi tanthauzo lodziwika bwino. Desmopressin adapezeka chifukwa cha kusintha kwamapangidwe a molekyulu ya vasopressin - kusintha kwa L-cysteine ​​ndi kusintha kwa 8-L-arginine kwa 8-D-arginine.
Desmopressin imawonjezera kupezeka kwa epithelium ya distal confolised tubules ya nephron kumadzi ndikuwonjezera kubwezeretsanso. Kusintha kwa kapangidwe kaphatikizidwe ndi kuthekera kopindulitsa kwambiri kumayambitsa mphamvu yotchulidwa ya desmopressin pamitsempha yosalala yamitsempha yamagazi ndi ziwalo zamkati poyerekeza ndi vasopressin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zina zoyipa. Mosiyana ndi vasopressin, imagwira ntchito nthawi yayitali ndipo siyimayambitsa kukwera kwa magazi (BP).
Kugwiritsa ntchito desmopressin kwa matenda a shuga insipidus a genesis apakati kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa mkodzo wambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuwonjezeka kwamkodzo kwamkodzo ndikuchepa kwa osmolarity a plasma wamagazi. Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa pafupipafupi kukodza komanso kuchepa kwa masana polyuria.
Mulingo wofunikira wa antidiuretic mukamamwa pakapita maola 4 mpaka 7. Mphamvu ya antidiuretic pamene amamwa pakamwa pa 0,1 - 0,2 mg - mpaka maola 8, pa 0,4 mg - mpaka maola 12.
Pharmacokinetics
Zogulitsa
Mukayendetsedwa, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa plasma (Cmax) kumatheka mkati mwa maola 0.9. Kudya munthawi yomweyo kumatha kuchepetsa mayamwidwe am'mimba m'mimba (GIT) ndi 40%.
Kugawa
Voliyumu yogawa (Vd) ndi 0,2 - 0,3 l / kg. Mayamwidwe pakamwa - 5%. Desmopressin samadutsa chotchinga-ubongo.
Kuswana
Amachotsa impso. Hafu ya moyo (T1 / 2) mukamamwa ndi ma 1.5 mpaka 2,5 maola.

Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito

• shuga insipidus wa chapakati
• Ana oyambira zaka 5 amakhala usiku
• nocturnal polyuria mwa akulu (monga symptomatic mankhwala).

Contraindication kuti agwiritse ntchito
Ngati muli ndi amodzi mwa matenda amenewa, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala musanamwe mankhwalawo.
• Hypersensitivity to desmopressin kapena zigawo zina za mankhwala
• Habitual kapena psychogenic polydipsia
• Kulephera kwa mtima ndi zinthu zina zofunika kuperekera mankhwala othandizira
• Hyponatremia, kuphatikizapo mbiri ya (kuchuluka kwa ayodini mu madzi am'magazi pansi pa 135 mmol / l)
• Kulephera kwapakati komanso kwakanthawi kwa impso (kulengedwa kwa creatinine pansi pa 50 ml / min)
• Ana osakwana zaka 4 (zochizira matenda ashuga shuga) ndi zaka 5 (zochizira matenda ena oyamba usiku)
• Zizindikiro zosakwanira kupanga ma antidiuretic timadzi
• Lactase akusowa, lactose tsankho, shuga-galactose malabsorption.

Ndi chisamaliro

gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa impso, chikhodzodzo, pakuphwanya miyeso yamagetsi yamagetsi, chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha kukakamira kwa intracranial, panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati.
Ndi kusamala kwambiri gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa odwala okalamba (opitilira zaka 65) chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto (kusungidwa kwa madzimadzi, hyponatremia). Popereka mankhwala ndi Nativa, patatha masiku atatu kuyambika kwamankhwala komanso kuwonjezeka kulikonse kwa mankhwala, kuchuluka kwa sodium m'madzi a m'magazi kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndipo mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo uyenera kuyang'aniridwa.

Gwiritsani ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso nthawi yoyamwitsa

Malinga ndi chidziwitso chodziwika bwino, kugwiritsa ntchito desmopressin mwa amayi apakati omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga insipidus, sizinadzetse mavuto mtsogolo, mthupi la mayi wapakati, mwana wosabadwa, komanso mwana wakhanda.
Komabe, zopindulitsa zomwe zimayesedwa kwa mayi ndi chiopsezo cha mwana wosabadwayo ziyenera kusinthidwa.
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa desmopressin komwe kumalowa m'thupi la wakhanda wokhala ndi mkaka wa m'mawere wa mayi yemwe akutenga milingo yayikulu ya desmopressin kuli kocheperako poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimakhudza diuresis.

Mlingo, njira ntchito, nthawi ya chithandizo

Mkati. Mulingo woyenera wa mankhwalawa amasankhidwa payekha.
Mankhwalawa amayenera kumwedwa pambuyo poti wadya, chifukwa kudya kungasokoneze mayankho a mankhwalawa komanso kugwira ntchito kwake.
Matenda a shuga apakati: Mlingo woyambira wa ana opitirira zaka 4 ndi akulu ndi 0,5 mg pa tsiku. Pambuyo pake, mlingo umasankhidwa malinga ndi mayankho a mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, tsiku lililonse mlingo umachokera ku 0,2 mpaka 1.2 mg. Kwa odwala ambiri, mlingo woyenera kwambiri wowukonzekera ndi 0,1 - 0,2 mg katatu patsiku.
Ntchito zoyambirira zausiku: Mlingo woyambira wa ana opitirira zaka 5 ndi akulu a 0 mg usiku. Popanda kuchitapo kanthu, mlingowo ukhoza kuwonjezeka mpaka 0,4 mg. Njira yovomerezeka yopitilira chithandizo ndi miyezi itatu. Lingaliro lofuna kupitiliza chithandizo liyenera kuchitika chifukwa cha mankhwalawa omwe adzawonedwe atatha kumwa sabata limodzi. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kutsatira malamulo oletsa kumwa kwamadzi m'madzulo.
Akuluakulu polyuria usiku: Mlingo woyambira woyambira ndi 0.1 mg usiku. Ngati palibe zovuta mkati mwa masiku 7, mlingo umawonjezereka mpaka 0,2 mg ndipo pambuyo pake mpaka 0,4 mg ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa pafupipafupi osapitilira 1 nthawi sabata. Kumbukirani kuopsa koti madzi amasungidwa mthupi. Ngati pambuyo 4 milungu chithandizo ndi kusintha mlingo wokwanira matenda saonekera, pitilizani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osavomerezeka.

Zithunzi za 3D

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe

Mkati. Mulingo woyenera wa mankhwalawa amasankhidwa payekha.

Mankhwalawa amayenera kumwedwa patapita nthawi chifukwa kudya

Matenda a shuga apakati: Mlingo woyambira wa ana opitirira zaka 4 ndi akulu ndi 0,5 mg pa tsiku. Pambuyo pake, mlingo umasankhidwa malinga ndi mayankho a mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, tsiku lililonse mlingo umachokera ku 0,2 mpaka 1.2 mg. Kwa odwala ambiri, mlingo woyenera kwambiri wowonjezera ndi 0,0-0.2 mg wa katatu patsiku.

Ntchito zoyambirira zausiku: Mlingo woyambira wa ana opitirira zaka 5 ndi akulu a 0 mg usiku. Popanda kuchitapo kanthu, mlingowo ukhoza kuwonjezeka mpaka 0,4 mg. Njira yovomerezeka yopitilira chithandizo ndi miyezi itatu. Lingaliro lofuna kupitiliza chithandizo liyenera kuchitika chifukwa cha mankhwalawa omwe adzawonedwe atatha kumwa sabata 1. Kuyang'anira kuwongolera ndi kuletsa kudya kwamadzi m'madzulo ndikofunikira.

Nocturnal polyuria mu akulu: Mlingo woyambira wothandiza ndi 0.1 mg usiku. Ngati palibe zovuta mkati mwa masiku 7, mlingo umawonjezereka mpaka 0,2 mg ndipo pambuyo pake mpaka 0,4 mg (pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa sikupitilira 1 nthawi pa sabata). Kumbukirani kuopsa koti madzi amasungidwa mthupi. Ngati pambuyo 4 milungu chithandizo ndi kusintha mlingo wokwanira matenda saonekera, pitilizani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osavomerezeka.

Wopanga

Nativa LLC, Russia.

Adilesi yazamalamulo: 143402, Russia, Moscow Region, krasnogorsk district, Krasnogorsk, st. Okutobala 13.

Tele: 8 (495) 502-16-43, 8 (495) 644-00-59.

Imelo: [email protected], www.nativa.pro

Ma adilesi amalo opanga: 143422, Moscow mkoa, Krasnogorsk district, s. Petrovo-Dalnee, Russian Federation, 142279, Dera la Moscow, chigawo cha Serpukhov, Obolensk, nyumba 7-8 kapena 143952, Dera la Moscow, Balashikha, microdistrict. Dzerzhinsky, 40.

Contraindication

- Hypersensitivity to desmopressin kapena zigawo zina za mankhwala,

- wamba kapena psychogenic polydipsia,

- Kulephera kwa mtima ndi zina zomwe zimafuna kuyang'anira okodzetsa,

- hyponatremia, kuphatikizapo mbiri ya (kuchuluka kwa ayodini mu madzi am'magazi pansi pa 135 mmol / l),

- kulephera kwakanthawi impso (kulengedwa kwa creatinine pansi pa 50 ml / min),

- zaka za ana mpaka zaka 4 (zochizira matenda a shuga insipidus) ndi zaka 5 (zochizira matenda ena oyamba usiku),

- matenda osakwanira timadzi timene timayambitsa matenda,

- Lactase akusowa, lactose tsankho, shuga-galactose malabsorption.

Native imagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala vuto la kulephera kwa impso, chikhodzodzo, kuperewera kwa madzi m'magazi, komanso chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha kupanikizika kwa nthawi yapakati.

Kusamala makamaka kuyenera kuchitika mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa odwala okalamba (opitilira zaka 65) chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chachikulu cha zoyambitsa (kusungidwa kwa madzimadzi, hyponatremia) Popereka mankhwala ndi Nativa, patatha masiku atatu kuyambika kwamankhwala komanso kuwonjezeka kulikonse kwa mankhwala, kuchuluka kwa sodium m'madzi a m'magazi kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa komanso momwe wodwala amayenera kuwunikira.

Kutulutsa mawonekedwe ndi kapangidwe kake

Mtundu wa Nativa wa mapiritsi ndi 0,2 / 0,2 mg mapiritsi: ozungulira, athyathyathya, oyera, amtundu wa chamfer komanso wowopsa mbali imodzi (zidutswa 30 m'mabotolo apulasitiki, botolo 1 mu bokosi lamatoni).

Piritsi 1 0.1 / 0 mg:

• yogwira mankhwala: desmopressin acetate - 0,1 / 0,2 mg, potengera desmopressin - 0,089 / 0.178 mg,
• othandizira zigawo: lactose monohydrate, crospovidone XL, magnesium stearate, ludipress (lactose monohydrate, crospovidone, povidone).

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: Mlingo ndi njira ya chithandizo

Mkati, mlingo wa mankhwalawa amasankhidwa payekha.

Mankhwalawa amayenera kumwedwa patapita nthawi chifukwa kudya

Central shuga insipidus: mlingo woyambira wa ana opitirira zaka 4 ndi akulu ndi 0 mg katatu pa tsiku. Pambuyo pake, mlingo umasankhidwa malinga ndi mayankho a mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, tsiku lililonse mlingo umachokera ku 0,2 mpaka 1.2 mg. Kwa odwala ambiri, mlingo woyenera kwambiri wowonjezera ndi 0,0-0.2 mg wa katatu patsiku.

Pulogalamu yoyambira usiku: mankhwalawa oyambira ana opitirira zaka 5 ndi akulu a 0 mg usiku. Popanda kuchitapo kanthu, mlingowo ukhoza kuwonjezeka mpaka 0,4 mg. Njira yovomerezeka yopitilira chithandizo ndi miyezi itatu. Lingaliro lofuna kupitiliza chithandizo liyenera kuchitika chifukwa cha mankhwalawa omwe adzawonedwe atatha kumwa sabata limodzi. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kutsatira malamulo oletsa kumwa kwamadzi m'madzulo.

Akuluakulu polyuria usiku: Mlingo woyambira woyambira ndi 0.1 mg usiku. Ngati palibe zovuta mkati mwa masiku 7, mlingo umawonjezereka mpaka 0,2 mg ndipo pambuyo pake mpaka 0,4 mg ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa pafupipafupi osapitilira 1 nthawi sabata. Kumbukirani kuopsa koti madzi amasungidwa mthupi.

Ngati pambuyo 4 milungu chithandizo ndi kusintha mlingo wokwanira matenda saonekera, pitilizani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osavomerezeka.

Mankhwala

Desmopressin ndi ma analogue a organic arginine-vasopressin ndipo ali ndi tanthauzo lodziwika bwino. Inapezeka mu kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka molekyulu ya vasopressin.

Kuchita kwa Nativa ndi chifukwa chakukulitsa kwake kwa gawo la epithelium la zigawo za zigawo zakumapeto kwa nephron yamadzi, ndikuwonjezera kubwezeretsanso. Palibe zotsatira zoyipa chifukwa cha kutchulidwa kwapadera kwa desmopressin pa minofu yosalala yamitsempha yamagazi ndi ziwalo zamkati poyerekeza ndi vasopressin. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali komanso samachulukitsa magazi.

Desmopressin akathandizidwa ndi matenda a shuga a insipidus apakati oyambira, kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumachepa, osmolarity ake amawonjezereka, ndipo osmolarity ya plasma ya magazi amachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa pafupipafupi kukodza komanso kuchepa kwa usiku wa polyuria. Mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imafika pazomwe itatha maola 4-7 ndipo imatha mpaka maola 8 mpaka 12, kutengera mlingo womwe Nativa adatenga.

Pharmacokinetics

Kuchuluka kwa desmopressin kumatheka pambuyo pa maola 0.9. Kudya kumachepetsa kuyamwa kwa zinthu ndi 40%. Kuchuluka kwa magawa ndi 0,2-0,0 l / kg. Thupi silimatha kudutsa chotchinga-ubongo. Kuchotsa hafu ya moyo kumapangitsa maola 1,5-2,5. Desmopressin imachotsedwanso ndi impso.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito Nativa: njira ndi mlingo

Mapiritsi a Nativa amatengedwa pakapita kanthawi chakudya. Mlingo wa mankhwalawa umasankhidwa mosiyanasiyana.

• pakati matenda a shuga a insipidus: mlingo woyambayo ndi 0,5 mg, katatu patsiku, ndiye kuti mlingowo umakulitsidwa kutengera zomwe wodwalayo amachita.
• chachikulu nocturnal enursis: koyamba mlingo woyenera ndi 0,2-0,4 mg pogona. Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa kuyenera kukhala miyezi itatu. Lingaliro pazoyenera kwa chithandizo chowonjezereka limapangidwa pamaziko a zidziwitso zamankhwala zomwe zimapezeka mkati mwa masiku 7 atasiya kumwa mankhwala. Munthawi yamankhwala, Nativa akulimbikitsidwa kuti azitsatira boma la madzi ochepa madzimadzi,
• nocturnal polyuria mwa akulu: mlingo woyambirira ndi 0,5 mg asanagone. Pakakhala vuto pambuyo masiku 7 kumwa mankhwalawa, n`zotheka kuchuluka kwa 0,2, ndipo kenako 0,4 mg / tsiku, pakapita sabata. Pakadalibe chithandizo chochizira pakatha milungu inayi mutatenga Nativa, kugwiritsa ntchito kwina sikungathandize.

Zotsatira zoyipa

• dongosolo lamanjenje: mutu, chizungulire, kukokana,
• zam'mimba dongosolo: nseru, kusanza, pakamwa youma,
• mtima dongosolo: wosakhalitsa tachyarrhythmia,
• gawo lamasomphenya: conjunctivitis,

Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa zotumphukira za edema, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa thupi.

Kutenga Nativa popanda choletsa pakumamwa kwamadzi kungayambitse kusungunuka kwa madzi m'thupi ndi hyponatremia.

Bongo

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Nativa angayambitse kuchepa kwamadzi ndi hyponatremia yokhala ndi ma ayoni ambiri a sodium mu plasma yamagazi pansi pa 135 mmol / L.

Malangizo omwe mwalandira: siyani kumwa mankhwalawo, lembani njira yochepetsera madzi ochepa, ngati pakufunika, tsitsani 0,9% kapena hypertonic sodium chloride solution. Pankhani ya zizindikiro za madzi osungika posachedwa (kupweteka, kusazindikira), furosemide ndi mankhwala.

Malangizo apadera

Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi ola limodzi musanadye komanso maora 8 mutatenga Nativa, kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwake.

Malinga ndi malangizo, Nativa imapikisidwa kwa odwala zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi asungidwe komanso kusokonekera kwa ma electrolyte.

Popewa kukula kwa hyponatremia, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizilamulira kuchuluka kwa sodium m'madzi am'magazi.

Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kukodzeka kwamkodzo, nocturia, dysuria, matenda a kwamikodzo, polydipsia, matenda a shuga, komanso ngati chikhodzodzo cha chikhodzodzo, akuganiziridwa, ndikofunika kuchiza ndikuzindikira matendawa musanatenge Nativa.

Ndi bwino kusiya kumwa Nativa ngati muli ndi matenda amtundu, gastroenteritis ndi malungo.

Mimba komanso kuyamwa

Palibe zambiri pazotsatira zoyipa za desmopressin pa mimba, khanda, mwana, komanso amayi, koma musanagwiritse ntchito Nativa, chiwopsezo / chiopsezo chikuyenera kuyesedwa mosamala.

Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa omwe amapezeka mkaka wa mayi mukamamwa Nativa pamankhwala ochepa sikokwanira kwenikweni kuti akwaniritse kuyamwa kwa khanda.

Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo

• mankhwala oopsa: chiopsezo chowonjezera mphamvu zawo,
• buformin, tetracycline, norepinephrine, kukonzekera kwa lithiamu: kuchepetsa antidiuretic zotsatira za desmopressin,
• mankhwala osapweteka a antiidal (NSAIDs): chiwopsezo cha mavuto amabwera;
• indomethacin: imawonjezera mphamvu ya desmopressin popanda kuwonjezera nthawi yake yochitapo kanthu,
• tricyclic antidepressants, kusankha serotonin reuptake inhibitors, narcotic analgesics, carbamazepine, chlorpromazine, lamotrigine, NSAIDs: imatha kupititsa patsogolo antidiuretic zotsatira za Nativa, kukulitsa chiopsezo chosungira madzimadzi ndi hyponatremia,
• loperamide komanso, mwina, mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa peristalsis: amatha kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka katatu kwa kuchuluka kwa desmopressin mu plasma, ndikuwonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha madzi osungidwa ndi hyponatremia,
• dimethicone: mayamwidwe a desmopressin akhoza kuchepetsedwa.

Ma Analogs a Nativa ndi Vasomirin, Desmopressin, Minirin, Nourem, Presineks.

Mtengo wa Nativa m'masitolo ogulitsa mankhwala

Mtengo woyerekeza wa Nativa ndi 1330 r pa phukusi lomwe lili ndi mapiritsi 30 a 0.1 mg.

Maphunziro: Rostov State Medical University, apadera "General Medicine".

Zambiri zokhudzana ndi mankhwalawa ndizofanana, zimaperekedwa pazidziwitso ndipo sizilowa m'malo mwa malangizo ovomerezeka. Kudzipatsa nokha mankhwala kuopsa!

Malinga ndi asayansi ambiri, mavitamini zovuta ndizothandiza kwa anthu.

Pochezera pafupipafupi pakama pofufuta, mwayi wokhala ndi khansa yapakhungu umawonjezeka ndi 60%.

Ku UK, kuli lamulo malinga ndi momwe dokotala wothandizira amatha kukanachita opaleshoni ngati atasuta kapena wonenepa kwambiri. Munthu ayenera kusiya zizolowezi zoipa, kenako, mwina, sangafunikire opareshoni.

Mafupa aanthu ndi olimba kwambiri kuposa konkriti.

James Harrison wazaka 74 yemwe amakhala ku Australia amakhala wopereka magazi pafupifupi nthawi 1,000. Ali ndi mtundu wamagazi osafunikira, ma antibodies omwe amathandizira akhanda omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la magazi kupulumuka. Chifukwa chake, waku Australia adapulumutsa ana pafupifupi mamiliyoni awiri.

Mwazi wa munthu "umayenda" m'matumbo omwe akukakamizidwa kwambiri, ndipo ngati umphumphu wake waphwanyidwa, amatha kuwombera mpaka 10 metres.

Poyamba zinkakhala kuti kumatheka kumapangitsa thupi kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Komabe, malingaliro awa adatsutsidwa. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti ukamadzuka, munthu amazizira ubongo ndikusintha magwiridwe ake.

Ngati mumamwetulira kawiri kokha patsiku, mutha kutsitsa magazi ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi stroko.

Pakusuntha, thupi lathu limasiya kugwira ntchito. Ngakhale mtima umayima.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa WHO, kuyankhulana kwa theka la ola limodzi pafoni kumawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi chotupa muubongo ndi 40%.

Kulemera kwaubongo wamunthu kuli pafupifupi 2% ya kulemera konse kwathupi, koma kumadya pafupifupi 20% ya mpweya womwe umalowa m'magazi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ubongo wamunthu ukhale wovuta kwambiri kuwonongeka chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mpweya.

Impso zathu zimatha kuyeretsa malita atatu a magazi mphindi imodzi.

Chiwindi ndi chiwalo cholemera kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Kulemera kwake pafupifupi 1.5 kg.

Asayansi aku America adayesera mbewa ndipo adati madzi amadzi amalepheretsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamagazi. Gulu limodzi la mbewa limamwa madzi am'madzi, ndipo lachiwiri ndi madzi a mavwende. Zotsatira zake, zombo za gulu lachiwiri zinali zopanda ma cholesterol.

Mabakiteriya mamiliyoni ambiri amabadwa, amoyo ndi kufa m'matumbo athu. Amatha kuwoneka pa kukula kwakukulu, koma ngati atakhala palimodzi, akhoza kukhala mu kapu ya khofi yokhazikika.

Mphepo yoyamba ya maluwa ikufika kumapeto, koma mitengo yotulutsa maluwa idzasinthidwa ndi udzu kuyambira koyambirira kwa Juni, zomwe zimasokoneza omwe ali ndi vuto lodziwika bwino.

Zotsatira za pharmacological

Chothandizira cha Nativa ndi desmopressin, chiwonetsero chazinthu zachilengedwe mahomoni arginine-vasopressin, wokhala ndi tanthauzo lodziwika bwino. Desmopressin imawonjezera kupezeka kwa epithelium ya distal confolised tubules ya nephron kumadzi ndikuwonjezera kubwezeretsanso. Kusintha kwa kapangidwe kaphatikizidwe ndi kuthekera kopindulitsa kwambiri kumayambitsa mphamvu yotchulidwa ya desmopressin pamitsempha yosalala yamitsempha yamagazi ndi ziwalo zamkati poyerekeza ndi vasopressin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zina zoyipa. Mosiyana ndi vasopressin, imagwira ntchito nthawi yayitali ndipo siyimayambitsa kukwera kwa magazi (BP).

Kugwiritsa ntchito desmopressin kwa matenda a shuga insipidus a genesis apakati kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa mkodzo wambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuwonjezeka kwamkodzo kwamkodzo ndikuchepa kwa osmolarity a plasma wamagazi. Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa pafupipafupi kukodza komanso kuchepa kwa masana polyuria.

Mulingo wofunikira wa antidiuretic mukamamwa pakapita maola 4-7. The antidiuretic zotsatira pamene kumwa pakamwa mlingo wa 0-0-0.2 mg kumatenga mpaka maola 8, pa 0,4 mg - mpaka 12 maola.