Glucose kulolerana mayeso: pafupipafupi ndi kupatuka, kutsatsa zotsatira, mawonekedwe amachitidwe

Mfundo ya njirayi: Glucose kulolerana mayeso - kuwunika kwa kagayidwe kachakudya pozindikira kutsimikiza kwa mulingo shuga wamagazi pamimba yopanda kanthu ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuyesaku kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwa mitundu yobisika ya shuga komanso kulekerera kwa glucose.

Dongosolo la ntchitoyi:

1. Poyamba, magazi othamanga a shuga amatsimikizika

Kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumatheka kokha ngati zotsatira zoyeserera za glucose sizidutsa 6.7 mmol / L. Kuchepetsa kofananako kumalumikizidwa ndi chiwopsezo cha kukomoka kwa hyperglycemic pa nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

2. Wodwalayo amadya pafupifupi magalamu 75 a shuga, omwe amasungunuka mu 200 ml ya madzi (kutengera 1 g / kg ya kulemera kwa thupi).

3. Pambuyo pa mphindi 30, 60, 90 ndi 120 pambuyo pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, magazi amakokedwa ndipo ndende ya glucose imatsimikizika.

4. Zotsatira zakutsimikiza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nyumbaglycemicma curve:

Mwa munthu wathanzi, mutatha kudya shuga, kuwonjezeka kwa zomwe zili m'magazi kumawonedwa, komwe kumakhala kofunika kwambiri pakati pa mphindi 30 ndi 60. Kenako kuchepa kumayamba ndipo pofika mphindi ya 120 zinthu zamadzimadzi zimafika pamlingo woyamba, wozindikirika pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena pang'onopang'ono pang'ono, mbali zonse zimachuluka ndikuchepa. Pambuyo maola atatu, shuga wamagazi amafika pamlingo woyambirira. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa glucose ndi hyperglycemia (wopitilira 8 mmol / l) kumawonedwa ola limodzi pambuyo pothira shuga. Mkulu wa glucose amakhalabe okwera (pamtunda wa 6 mmol / L) mu ola lonse lachiwiri ndipo sabwerera ku gawo loyambira kumapeto kwa kafukufuku (pambuyo pa maola atatu). Nthawi yomweyo, glucosuria amadziwika.

Kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira za kuyesa kwa glucose:

Nthawi

Magazi a shuga

Shuga mellitus - mliri wa zaka za zana la 21

Kukula mwachangu kwa zochitika zamtunduwu kunapangitsa kukula kwa miyezo yatsopano pamankhwala komanso kuzindikira matenda a shuga. World Health Organisation idapanga mutu wa UN Resolution mu 2006. Chikalatachi chinali ndi malingaliro ku mayiko onse Amembala "kuti apange njira zamtundu uliwonse zopeweretsera matenda amtunduwu."

Zotsatira zowopsa za kufalikira kwa mliri wa matenda amtunduwu ndi kuchuluka kwa zovuta zamitsempha yamagazi. Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amakhala ndi nephropathy, retinopathy, ziwiya zazikulu za mtima, ubongo, ndi zotumphukira za miyendo. Mavuto onsewa amadzetsa kulumala kwa odwala mwazinthu zisanu ndi zitatu mwa khumi, ndipo mwa awiriwo - zotsatira zoyipa.

Mwakutero, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Endocrinological Science Science Center ya Russian Academy of Medical Science" motsogozedwa ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo wa Russia yasintha "Algorithms pazopangira chithandizo chamankhwala kwa odwala omwe ali ndi hyperglycemia." Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wamatenda omwe bungweli lakhala likuchita kuyambira 2002 mpaka 2010, titha kulankhula za kuchuluka kwakuchulukirapo kwa odwala omwe akudwala matendawa kuchulukitsa kwa odwala omwe adalembetsa maulendo anayi. Chifukwa chake, matenda a shuga ku Russia amatsimikiziridwa mwa aliyense wokhala ndi khumi ndi anayi.

Kusindikiza kwatsopano kwa Algorithms kumayang'ana kwambiri pamomwe munthu angadziwire zolinga zakuthandizira pakuwongolera kagayidwe kazachilengedwe ndi zizindikiro zamagazi. Komanso, maudindo okhudzana ndi zovuta zamitsempha yamagazi adakonzedwanso, zosintha zatsopano paziwonetsero za matenda a shuga zimayambitsidwa, kuphatikiza panthawi ya phwando.

Kodi PGTT

Chiyeso chololera shuga, mayendedwe ndi zomwe mungaphunzire kuchokera munkhaniyi, ndi kafukufuku wofala kwambiri. Mfundo za njira yothandizira ma labotale ndikutenga njira yokhala ndi shuga ndikuwunika kusintha komwe kumayenderana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kuphatikiza pa njira yotsatsira, makonzedwewo amatha kutumikiridwa kudzera m'mitsempha. Komabe, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Chiyeso chololera pakamwa cha glucose chimachitika nthawi zambiri.

Pafupifupi mayi aliyense yemwe adalembetsa kuchipatala cha amayi apakati akudziwa momwe kuwerengedwa kumachitikira. Njira yantchito iyi imakuthandizani kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi omwe ali asanadye komanso mutatha shuga. Chinsinsi cha njirayi ndikuzindikira zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi chiwopsezo cholowera m'thupi. Kuyesedwa kwa glucose koyenera sikutanthauza kuti munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga. Nthawi zina, kusanthula komweku kumatilola kunena za zomwe zimatchedwa prediabetes - mkhalidwe wazam'mbuyomo usanayambike matenda opatsirana oopsawa.

Mfundo yoyeserera ya labotale

Monga mukudziwa, insulin ndi timadzi timene timatembenuza glucose m'magazi ndikuyenda nawo ku cell iliyonse mthupi mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu ya ziwalo zosiyanasiyana zamkati. Ndi kusakwanira katemera wa insulin, tikulankhula za matenda ashuga 1. Ngati timadzi timeneti timapangidwa mokwanira, koma mphamvu yake ya glucose imalephera, matenda a shuga a 2 amapezeka. M'magawo onsewa, kutenga mayeso a glucose kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga yamagazi.

Zizindikiro zakuyang'anira

Masiku ano, kuyesa koteroko kwa maabara kungadutse kuchipatala chilichonse chifukwa cha kuphweka komanso kupezeka kwa njirayi. Ngati mukukayikira kuti chiwopsezo cha glucose chikuvuta, wodwalayo amalandila kwa dokotala ndipo amatumizidwa kukayezetsa magazi. Pomwe phunziroli limachitika, muchipatala kapena pachipatala cha payekha, akatswiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi pochita kafukufuku wa ma lableti a magazi.

Chiyeso chololera shuga nthawi zambiri chimasankhidwa kuti chidziwitse kapena kusala shuga. Pozindikira matenda a shuga, nthawi zambiri sipakufunika mayeso opsinjika. Monga lamulo, kupitilira index ya glucose m'magazi kumakhazikika mokwanira mu ma labotale.

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zochitika zomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kulibe kanthu pamimba yopanda kanthu, kotero, wodwalayo, akamayezetsa magazi pafupipafupi, amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zabwino. Kuyeserera kwa shuga m'magazi, mosiyana ndi njira yodziwikiratu yoyeserera, imakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuti insulini ingayambitse shuga ndendende pakadzaza thupi. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa kwazonse, koma nthawi yomweyo kuyesedwa kochitika pamimba yopanda kanthu sikuwonetsa matenda, prediabetes imatsimikiziridwa.

Madotolo amawona zochitika zotsatirazi ngati maziko a PHTT:

• kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro za matenda ashuga okhala ndimayeso amtundu woyeserera, ndiye kuti, matendawa sanatsimikizidwe kale,
• kubadwa kwamtundu (nthawi zambiri, matenda ashuga amatengedwa ndi mwana kuchokera kwa mayi, bambo, agogo),
• kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi musanadye, koma palibe zizindikiro zenizeni za matendawa.
• glucosuria - kukhalapo kwa shuga mumkodzo, womwe suyenera kukhala mwa munthu wathanzi,
• kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Nthawi zina, kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumatha kugamulidwanso. Nanga ndi ziti zomwe zingasonyeze kuwunika kumeneku? Choyamba, mimba. Kafukufukuyu amachitika mu trimester yachiwiri, mosasamala kanthu kuti miyeso ya glycemia yachangu ndiwokwera kwambiri kapena ili mkati mwazolowera - azimayi oyembekezera onse amapitilira kuyesedwa kwa shuga.

Kulekerera kwa glucose mwa ana

Adakali ang'ono, odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda amatengedwa kuti akafufuze. Nthawi ndi nthawi, mayesowa amayenera kukhala mwana yemwe adabadwa wolemera kwambiri (woposa makilogalamu 4) komanso wonenepa kwambiri akamakula. Kusokonezeka kwa khungu ndi kuchiritsidwa koyipa kwa abrasions yaying'ono, mabala, zikanga - zonsezi komanso ndizofunikira kudziwa mulingo wa shuga. Pali ma contraindication angapo a mayeso ololera a glucose, omwe akufotokozedwa pambuyo pake, chifukwa chake, kusanthula kumeneku sikuchitika popanda kufunika kwapadera.

Biochemical matenda a carbohydrate kagayidwe kachakudya

Chiyeso chololera cha glucose chimafunika kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Imachitika popanda kuyesetsa pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochepa. Kusanthula uku ndikofunika kwa odwala matenda ashuga, anthu athanzi komanso amayi oyembekezera pakadali pano.

Ngati ndi kotheka, kulolerana kwa shuga kumatha kutsimikizika ngakhale kunyumba. Phunziroli limachitika onse akulu ndi ana azaka 14. Kutsatira malamulo ofunikira kumakupatsani mwayi kuti ukhale wolondola.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya GTT:

Zosiyanasiyana za mawunikidwe zimasiyanasiyana mwa njira makonzedwe a chakudya. Chiyeso chololera pakamwa cha glucose chimawonedwa ngati njira yosavuta yofufuzira. Mukungofunika kumwa madzi otsekemera patapita mphindi zochepa kuchokera kukhatikiza magazi koyamba.

Kuyeserera kwa glucose pogwiritsa ntchito njira yachiwiri kumachitika ndikuyika yankho mu mtsempha. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene wodwala sangathe kumwa yankho lokha payekha. Mwachitsanzo, kuyeserera kwapakati pa glucose kumawonetsedwa kwa amayi apakati omwe ali ndi toxosis yayikulu.

Zotsatira zoyeserera magazi zimayesedwa patatha maola awiri kudya shuga mthupi. Mfundo yomwe akutchulayo ndi mphindi yoyamba ya zitsanzo za magazi.

Kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumayambira pakuphunzira momwe zida zobisika zimathandizira kulowa kwake m'magazi. Kuphatikiza kwa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe kamene kamakhala ndi zake. Kuti glucose akhazikike bwino, mumafunikira insulini yomwe imayang'anira mulingo wake. Kuperewera kwa insulin kumayambitsa hyperglycemia - kupitilira muyeso wa monosaccharide mu seramu yamagazi.

Kodi zikuwonetsa chiyani?

Kuzindikira koteroko, ndikukayikira kwa dokotala, kumapangitsa kuti zithe kusiyanitsa pakati pa matenda a shuga ndi kusalolerana kwa glucose (matenda asanafike shuga). Pakugawana kwamayiko padziko lonse, NTG ili ndi nambala yake (ICD code 10 - R73.0).

Gawani kuwunika kwa Curve kupindika mu zotsatirazi:

• lembani matenda ashuga 1, komanso kudziletsa,
• akufungidwa mtundu 2 shuga. Kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumayesedwanso kusankha ndikusintha chithandizo,
• prediabetes boma
• amaganiza kuti mayi woyembekezera kapena matenda ashuga mwa amayi apakati,
• Kulephera kwa kagayidwe kachakudya
• kuphwanya kapamba, nyemba za adrenal, England
• kunenepa.

Mwazi wamagazi ukhoza kupimidwa ngakhale ndi hyperglycemia womwe unakhazikitsidwa kamodzi pazovuta. Mikhalidwe yotere imaphatikizapo kugunda kwa mtima, sitiroko, chibayo, etc.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti kuyesa komwe odwala amadzipangira okha pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer sikoyenera kudzipangitsa kuzindikira. Zomwe zimachitika ndizobisika muzotsatira zolakwika. Kubalalika kumatha kufika 1 mmol / l kapena kupitilira.

Contraindations ku GTT

Kuphunzira kulekerera kwa gluyose ndikuzindikira matenda ashuga komanso boma la prediabetes pochita mayeso opsinjika. Pambuyo pazodzaza ma cell a pancreatic beta-cell, kutsika kwawo kumachitika. Chifukwa chake, simungathe kuyesa mayeso popanda chosowa chapadera. Komanso, kutsimikiza kwa glucose kulolerana matenda a shuga kupangitsa glycemic kudwala.

Pali zotsutsana zingapo ku GTT:

• vuto la shuga
• matenda am'mimba
• kutupa kapena matenda mu pachimake gawo (kuchuluka glucose kumawonjezera supplement),
• mawonetseredwe a toxicosis,
• nthawi yantchito
• kupweteka kwam'mimba komanso zizindikiro zina zofunika pakuthandizira opaleshoni ndi chithandizo,
• matenda angapo a endocrine (acromegaly, pheochromocytoma, matenda a Cushing, hyperthyroidism),
• kumwa mankhwala osokoneza shuga.
• osakwanira potaziyamu ndi magnesium (kuwonjezera mphamvu ya insulin).

Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro

Pamene vuto la carbohydrate metabolism likachitika, kulolerana kwa shuga kumawonedwa. Ichi ndi chiyani NTG imayendera limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kuposa pamenepa, koma osati mopitirira muyeso wa matenda ashuga. Izi zimagwirizana ndi njira yayikulu yodziwira matenda a metabolic, kuphatikiza matenda a shuga a 2.

Ndizosangalatsa kuti masiku ano, NTG imatha kupezeka ngakhale mwana. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha vuto lalikulu la anthu - kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumayipitsa thupi la ana. M'mbuyomu, matenda ashuga akadali achichepere adayamba chifukwa cha chibadwidwe, koma tsopano matendawa ayamba kukhala chifukwa chamakhalidwe osayenera.

Amakhulupirira kuti zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimatha kupangitsa izi. Izi zimaphatikizira kubadwa kwa genetic, kukana insulini, mavuto a kapamba, matenda ena, kunenepa kwambiri, kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Chidziwitso chophwanya lamulo ndicho njira ya asymptomatic. Zizindikiro zowopsa zimawoneka ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 ndi mtundu wa 2. Zotsatira zake, wodwalayo sachedwa kuthandizidwa, osadziwa mavuto azaumoyo.

Nthawi zina, m'mene NTG imakulira, zizindikilo za matenda a shuga zimawonetsedwa: ludzu lalikulu, kumva pakamwa pouma, kumwa kwambiri, komanso kukodza pafupipafupi. Komabe, zizindikiritso zotere sizikhala gawo zana latsimikiziro lodziwikiratu.

Kodi zizindikiro zomwe zalandiridwa zikutanthauza chiyani?

Mukamayesa mayeso okhudzana ndi glucose pakamwa, chinthu chimodzi chiyenera kuganiziridwa. Magazi ochokera mu mtsempha mu zochitika wamba amakhala ndi monosaccharide pang'ono kuposa magazi amtundu wotengedwa kuchokera kumunwe.

Kutanthauzira koyesedwa kwa magazi pakamwa kwa glucose kumawunikidwa malinga ndi mfundo zotsatirazi:

• Mtengo wabwinobwino wa GTT ndiye glucose wamagazi 2 patatha kukhazikitsidwa kwa zotsekemera sizidutsa 6.1 mmol / L (7.8 mmol / L wokhala ndi sampuli yamagazi venous).
• Kulekerera kwapakati - chisonyezo pamwamba pa 7.8 mmol / L, koma ochepera 11 mmol / L.
• Odwala matenda ashuga mellitus - mitengo yayikulu, yomwe ndi yoposa 11 mmol / L.

Njira imodzi yowunikira ili ndi zovuta zina - mutha kudumpha kuti muchepetse shuga. Chifukwa chake, zambiri zodalirika zimapezeka poyesa shuga mu nthawi 5 mumaola atatu kapena 4 pa theka lililonse la ola. Shupe yokhotakhota, yomwe nthawi zambiri siyenera kupitirira kuchuluka kwa 6.7 mmol / l, mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga amasungunuka kwambiri. Poterepa, popindika shuga pang'onopang'ono amaonedwa. Pomwe anthu athanzi amawonetsa mofulumira.

Kukonzekera gawo

Momwe mungayesere kuyesa kwa glucose? Kukonzekera kusanthula kumathandiza kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti zotsatira zake zili zolondola. Kutalika kwa kafukufukuyu ndi maola awiri - izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kuzindikira komaliza kumatengera kuthekera kwa kapamba kuti azitha kuwonetsa.

Pachiyeso choyambirira, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera ku chala kapena mtsempha pamimba yopanda kanthu, makamaka m'mawa.

Kenako, wodwalayo amamwa yankho la shuga, lomwe limakhazikitsidwa ndi ufa wapadera wokhala ndi shuga. Kupanga manyuchi kuti ayesedwe, amayenera kuchepetsedwa m'njira inayake.Chifukwa chake, munthu wamkulu amaloledwa kumwa madzi 250-200 ml, ndikuwonjezera shuga wa 75 g.Miyeso ya ana ndi 1.75 g / kg ya kulemera kwa thupi. Ngati wodwala akusanza (toxicosis mwa amayi apakati), monosaccharide imayendetsedwa kudzera m'mitsempha. Kenako amatenga magazi kangapo. Izi zimachitika kuti mupeze deta yolondola kwambiri.

Ndikofunikira kukonzekera pasadakhale kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa kulolera kwa glucose. Ndikulimbikitsidwa masiku atatu asanayambe phunziroli kuti aphatikizire m'zakudya zamagulu ochulukitsa (zoposa 150 g). Sikulakwa kudya zakudya zamagulu owerengeka tisanawunike - kuwunika kwa hyperglycemia sikungakhale kolondola pamenepa, chifukwa zotsatira zake sizingayende bwino.

Ziyeneranso kukhala masiku 2-3 musanayesedwe kuti mupewe kukodzetsa, glucocorticosteroids, kulera kwapakamwa. Simungathe kudya maola 8 musanayesedwe, kumwa khofi ndi kumamwa mowa maola 10 mpaka 14 lisanachitike kusanthula.

Ambiri ali ndi chidwi chodziwa ngati nkotheka kutsuka mano musanapereke magazi. Izi sizoyenera, chifukwa zopaka mano zimaphatikizapo zotsekemera. Mutha kutsuka mano anu maola 10 10-12 musanayesedwe.

Zomwe zikuchitika polimbana ndi NTG

Pambuyo kuphwanya shuga kuloleza kwapezeka, chithandizo chikuyenera kukhala chanthawi. Kulimbana ndi NTG ndikosavuta kuposa matenda ashuga. Choyamba? Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukaonana ndi endocrinologist.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti muchiritse bwino mankhwala anu ndi kusintha pa moyo wanu. Zakudya zama carb zotsika ndi shuga wololera zimakhala m'malo apadera. Zimakhazikitsidwa ndi thanzi la dongosolo la Pevzner.

Anaerobic zolimbitsa thupi tikulimbikitsidwa. Ndikofunikanso kuyang'anira thupi. Kuchepetsa thupi kuchepa, adokotala amatha kukupatsirani mankhwala ena, monga metformin. Komabe, pankhaniyi, muyenera kukonzekera chifukwa chakuti zovuta zoyipa zimawonekera.

Udindo wofunikira umachitika ndi kupewa NTG, yomwe imakhala yoyesa palokha. Njira zopewera ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo: matenda a shuga m'mabanja, onenepa kwambiri, azaka 50.

Kodi njira zimayenda bwanji

Kusanthula kwa ma labotale kumachitika kokha moyang'aniridwa ndi oyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala. Umu ndi momwe kuyeserera kwa shuga kumachitikira:

• M'mawa, wodwala pamimba yopanda kanthu, wodwalayo amapereka magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha. Mosakhalitsa otsimikiza mtima ndende mu izo. Ngati sichidutsa muyeso, pitani pagawo lotsatira.
• Wodwalayo amapatsidwa madzi otsekemera, omwe amayenera kumwa. Amakonzedwa motere: 75 g shuga limawonjezeredwa 300 ml ya madzi. Kwa ana, kuchuluka kwa glucose mu yankho kumatsimikiziridwa pamlingo wa 1.75 g pa 1 kg ya kulemera.
• Pakupita maola angapo pambuyo pobweretsa madzi, magazi a venous amatengedwanso.
• Mphamvu zosintha pamlingo wa glycemia zimayesedwa ndipo zotsatira za mayeso zimaperekedwa.

Kuti mupewe zolakwika komanso zolakwika, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatsimikizika pambuyo popewa magazi. Kutenga nthawi yayitali kapena kuzizira sikuloledwa.

Kukonzekera kwa kusanthula

Mwakutero, kukonzekera kwina kwa mayeso a glucose kulibe, kupatula kuti muyenera kupereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu. Sizingatheke kukopa kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amatengedwanso pambuyo poyamwa shuga - zimangodalira yankho lolondola komanso kulondola kwa zida zantchito. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mwayi wolimbikitsa zotsatira zoyesa woyamba ndikuletsa mayeso kuti asadalitsike. Zinthu zingapo zimatha kupotoza zotsatira:

• kumwa mowa kumapeto kwa phunzirolo,
• m'mimba kukhumudwa
• ludzu ndi kusowa kwamadzi, makamaka nyengo yotentha yopanda madzi osakwanira,
• ntchito zolimbitsa thupi kapena zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri tsiku loti lisanthule,
• kusintha kwakukulu mu zakudya zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kukana chakudya, njala,
• kusuta
• mavuto
• matenda ozizira adavutika masiku angapo mayeso asanafike,
• kubwezeretsa ntchito,
• choletsa ntchito yamagalimoto, kugona pakama.

Ndikofunika kulabadira mwapadera kukonzekera kuyesedwa kwa glucose. Nthawi zambiri, wodwalayo ayenera kudziwitsa dokotala zonse zomwe zingakhudze zotsatira za mayeso.

Contraindication kuti ipende

Kusanthula sikumakhala kotetezeka konse kwa odwala. Phunziroli limayimitsidwa ngati, koyambirira kwa magazi, komwe kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, zizindikiro za glycemia zimaposa zomwe zimachitika. Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kwa glucose sikuchitika ngakhale kuyeserera kwamkodzo ndi magazi kwa shuga kudutsa malire a 11.1 mmol / L, omwe amawonetsa mwachindunji matenda a shuga. Katundu wa shuga pankhaniyi amatha kukhala owopsa thanzi: mukatha kumwa madzi otsekemera, wodwalayo amatha kukumbukira kapena kugwa mu vuto la hyperglycemic.

Malangizo okhudzana ndi kuyesedwa kwa shuga

• matenda opatsirana kapena otupa,
• wachitatu trimester wa mimba,
• Ana osakwana zaka 14
• pachimake mawonekedwe a kapamba,
• kukhalapo kwa matenda a endocrine system, omwe amadziwika ndi shuga yayikulu: Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome, pheochromocytoma, hyperthyroidism, seketi,
• kumwa mankhwala amphamvu omwe amatha kupotoza zotsatira za kafukufukuyu (mankhwala a mahomoni, okodzetsa, antiepileptic, ndi zina).

Ngakhale kuti mutha kugula mtengo wotsika mtengo wa glucometer lero mu mankhwala aliwonse, ndipo njira yothetsera mayeso a glucose ikhoza kuchepetsedwa kunyumba, ndizoletsedwa kuchititsa kafukufukuyo nokha:

• Choyamba, posadziwa za kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga, wodwalayo amakhala pachiwopsezo chokulira.
• Kachiwiri, zotsatira zolondola zitha kupezeka mu labotale.
• Chachitatu, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosayenera kuyesedwa, chifukwa chimalemetsa kwambiri kapamba.

Kulondola kwa zida zonyamula zogulitsa m'masitolo sikokwanira pakuwunika uku. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida ngati izi kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa glycemia pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena mutanyamula katundu wachilengedwe pagulu - chakudya choyenera. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zotere ndikosavuta kuzindikira zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa glucose. Chifukwa cha zidziwitso zomwe mwalandira, mutha kupanga zakudya zanu ndi cholinga chopewa matenda ashuga kapena kuwongolera njira yake.

Kusintha kwa zotsatira zachitsanzo

Zotsatira zake zimawunikidwa poyerekeza ndi zizindikiro wamba, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa mwa anthu athanzi. Ngati zomwe zapezeka zimaposa mitundu yomwe idakhazikitsidwa, akatswiri amafufuza bwino.

Kwa zitsanzo zam'mawa zodwala kuchokera kwa wodwala pamimba yopanda kanthu, chizolowezi chosakwana 6.1 mmol / L ndicho chizolowezi. Ngati chizindikiro sichidutsa 6.1-7.0 mmol / l, amalankhula za prediabetes. Pankhani yopeza zotsatira zopitilira 7 mmol / l, palibe kukayika kuti munthuyo ali ndi matenda a shuga. Gawo lachiwiri la kuyesaku silichita chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chomwe chatchulidwa pamwambapa.

Maola angapo mutatenga njira yotsekemera, magazi ochokera m'mitsempha amatengedwanso. Pakadali pano, mtengo wosaposa 7.8 mmol / L uonedwa ngati wofanana. Zotsatira zopitilira 11.1 mmol / L ndikutsimikizika kosawerengeka kwa matenda ashuga, ndipo prediabetes imapezeka ndi mtengo pakati pa 7.8 ndi 11.1 mmol / L.

Chiyeso chololera m'magazi ndi mayeso owonjezera a labotale omwe amalemba momwe mayankho a kancreas amapangira kuchuluka kwa shuga. Zotsatira za kusanthula sikungowonetsa matenda a shuga okha, komanso matenda ena amthupi osiyanasiyana. Zowonadi, kuphwanya kulekerera kwa glucose sikukuchulukitsa kokha, komanso kopanda chidwi.

Ngati shuga m'magazi ndi ocheperako, izi zimatchedwa hypoglycemia. Ngati alipo, adokotala atha kuganiza za matenda monga kapamba, kuchepa kwa magazi, komanso matenda a chiwindi. Glucose m'magazi omwe ali pansipa akhoza kukhala chifukwa cha mowa, chakudya kapena poyizoni wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Nthawi zina hypoglycemia imayendera limodzi ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, mutakhala ndi mayeso otsika a mayeso a glucose, titha kulankhula zofunikira pakuwunika njira zina zowunika.

Kuphatikiza pa matenda a shuga ndi prediabetes, kuwonjezereka kwa glycemia kumatha kuthandizanso kudziwa vuto losagwirizana ndi endocrine, cirrhosis ya chiwindi, impso komanso matenda a mtima.

Chifukwa chiyani kuyeserera kwa shuga kumatenga pakati

Kuyeserera kwa Laborator magazi omwe ali ndi shuga ndi njira yayikulu yodziwira amayi onse oyembekezera. Mafuta owonjezera amatha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga. Izi matendawa amatha kukhala osakhalitsa komanso kudutsa pambuyo pobereka popanda kulowererapo.

M'makliniki a antenatal and department gynecological of Russian Medical institution, mtundu uwu wa kafukufuku umakhala wovomerezeka kwa odwala omwe adalembedwera kutenga pakati. Kupereka kusanthula uku, masiku omwe akutsimikiziridwa amakhazikitsidwa: kuyesa kwa glucose kumachitika nthawi kuyambira milungu 22 mpaka 28.

Amayi ambiri oyembekezera amadzifunsa chifukwa chomwe amafunikira kuphunzira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pakubala kwa mwana wosabadwa m'thupi la azimayi, kusintha kwakukulu kumachitika, ntchito ya endocrine gland imamangidwanso, ndipo ma hormonal maziko amasintha. Zonsezi zimatha kuyambitsa insulin yoperewera kapena kusintha kwa chiwopsezo chake cha glucose. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu amayi apakati omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga.

Kuphatikiza apo, shuga ya gestational ndi chiopsezo osati kuumoyo wa mayi, komanso kwa mwana wake wosabadwa, popeza kuti shuga wambiri amatha kulowa mwana wosabadwayo. Kuchulukirapo kwa glucose kumapangitsa kuti mayi ndi mwana azikula kwambiri. Mwana wosabadwayo wamkulu, yemwe thupi lake limaposa 4-4,5 makilogalamu, amatha kupanikizika kwambiri atadutsa mumsewu wobadwa nawo, atha kudwala matenda osokonekera, omwe amakhala ndi vuto la mantha amkati. Kuphatikiza apo, kubadwa kwa mwana wokhala ndi kulemera koteroko kumakhalanso chiwopsezo chachikulu ku thanzi la mkazi. Nthawi zina, matenda ashuga amachititsa kuti munthu abadwe msanga kapena kuti asakhale ndi pakati.

Momwe mungatengere kuyeserera kwa shuga kwa amayi apakati? Kwenikweni, njira zakufufuzira sizimasiyana ndi zomwe tafotokozazi. Kusiyana kwake ndikuti mayi woyembekezera adzafunika kuperekanso magazi katatu: pamimba yopanda kanthu, ola limodzi pambuyo poyambitsa yankho ndi maola awiri pambuyo pake. Kuphatikiza apo, magazi a capillary amatengedwa musanayesedwe, ndipo venous mutatenga yankho.

Kutanthauzira kwa mfundo zomwe zalembedwa mu labotale zikuwoneka motere:

• Sanjani pamimba yopanda kanthu. Miyezo yochepera 5.1 mmol / L imawonedwa ngati yabwinobwino; mawonekedwe a shuga omwe amapezeka ndi 5.1-7.0 mmol / L.
• Patatha ola limodzi mutatha kumwa madzi. Zotsatira zabwinobwino zoyeserera za glucose kwa amayi apakati ndizochepera 10.0 mmol / L.
• Patatha maola awiri mutamwa shuga. Matenda a shuga amatsimikiziridwa pa 8.5-11.1 mmol / L. Ngati zotsatira zake ndizochepera 8.5 mmol / l, mkaziyo ndi wathanzi.

Zomwe muyenera kulabadira mwapadera, ndemanga

Chiyeso chololera cha glucose chitha kudutsa molondola kwambiri pachipatala chilichonse cha bajeti pansi pa lamulo la inshuwaransi yaulere laulere. Ngati mukukhulupirira ndemanga za odwala omwe adayesa kudziimira pawokha kuchuluka kwa glycemia omwe ali ndi glucose katundu, ma glucometer onyamula sangathe kupereka zotsatira zodalirika, chifukwa chake zotsatira za labotale zimatha kusiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe zidapezeka kunyumba. Pokonzekera kupereka magazi kuti mulekerere shuga, muyenera kuganizira mfundo zingapo zingapo:

• Kuwunikira kuyenera kutengedwa mosamala pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa mukatha kudya, shuga amalowetsedwa mwachangu, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kutsika kwake ndikuyamba kupeza zotsatira zosadalirika. Chakudya chomaliza chimaloledwa maola 10 musanawunikidwe.
• Kuyesa kwa labu sikofunikira popanda vuto lapadera - mayesowa ndi katundu wovuta pa kapamba.
• Pambuyo poyeserera kulolera kwa glucose, mutha kumva kuti mukudwala pang'ono - izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi ndemanga zambiri za odwala. Mutha kuchititsa maphunziro pokhapokha ngati muli ndi thanzi labwinobwino.

Akatswiri ena salimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito kutafuna chingamu kapena kutsuka mano anu ndi mano asanakayesedwe, chifukwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poperekera chithandizo pakamwa zimakhala ndi shuga, ngakhale pang'ono. Glucose imayamba kumizidwa nthawi yomweyo mumkamwa, kotero zotsatira zake zimakhala zabodza. Mankhwala ena amatha kusokoneza ndende yamagazi, kotero masiku angapo asanafike pokonzekera, ndibwino kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito.