Masewera a Sucrose ndi udindo wake wachilengedwe

Mapaundi owonjezera amatha kuzindikiridwa mosavuta ndi chithunzi chosawoneka bwino komanso chiwopsezo chowonjezeka pamamba. Izi zimakuthandizani kuyankha moyenera vutoli ndikuwathetsa. Koma nthawi zina minyewa ya adipose imakumana ndi chiwalo china, chomwe sichimafotokozedwa kawiri kawiri m'thupi. Makamaka, kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi kumatha kupezeka ngakhale mwa anthu ochepa thupi.

Matenda owopsa samawoneka nthawi yomweyo, sikuti aliyense amakhudzana ndikusokonekera ndikukhala bwino. Nthawi yamtengo wapatali ikutha, ndipo zam'tsogolo zikagonjetsedwa zimabweretsa zotsatira zosasintha. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti ndi chiyani komanso ngati ingathe kuchiritsidwa.

Matendawa ali ndi mayina osiyanasiyana: kunenepa kwambiri, kuchepa kwamafuta, hepatosis, adiposis. Mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, minofu ya chiwindi imayamba kusintha pang'onopang'ono ndi mafuta. Pakakhala chithandizo choyenera, maselo a lipid amatenga gawo lalikulu la chiwalo. Poyamba, izi zimawonetsedwa ndi kuperewera pang'ono pantchito ya "fakitale" yamthupi. Koma nthawi iliyonse, kuphwanya kachitidwe ka chiwindi kumayamba kulankhulidwa.

Hepatosis yamafuta amakhudza ana, amuna ndi akazi omwe. Zifukwazi zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri. Ndipo ngati choyambitsa chachikulu sichitha kuyimitsidwa, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kuti tichotse matenda amenewa mpaka kalekale. Nthawi zambiri amatuluka nthawi zonse.

Mukayamba kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala, imachira msanga. Ngati sanachiritsidwe, chiopsezo chaimfa chimawonjezeka, chifukwa chiwindi, chofunikira kwambiri, chimatha kugwira ntchito.

Kuti muyambe kulimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa. Madokotala ambiri amati:

• hypovitaminosis,
• Njala igunda ndi kuchepa kwambiri.
• kuchepa kwa mapuloteni ndi mavitamini, chitsulo chowonjezera,
• uchidakwa
• kusuta yambiri,
• kumangokhala
• kagayidwe kachakudya
• kunenepa kwambiri
• Poizoni wapoizoni pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena, bowa wapoizoni, zakudya zowonongeka, mankhwala ophera tizilombo,
• Matenda monga matenda a shuga, matenda a Reye, a Weber-Christian, ndi matenda a Konovalov-Wilson,
• kukonda zakudya zamafuta,
• kuledzera
• enteritis ndi kapamba kwambiri.

Asayansi akufufuzabe za matendawa, chifukwa chake mndandanda wazomwe zikuyambitsa umatha kuyambiranso.

Mukazindikira kwambiri matendawa, amachira msanga. Pamagawo osiyanasiyana a kunenepa kwambiri kwa hepatic, zizindikiro za matenda zidzawonekera m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

M'maselo amtundu wa chiwindi, mafuta ochepa omwe amadziwika. Zizindikiro sizidziwonetsa zokha. Matendawa amatha kupezeka ndi kusanthula kwa hepatic transaminases.

M'madera ena a thupi, mafuta okumbikakumbika akuchulukirachulukira. Matendawa akupitilirabe mobisa, ngakhale nthawi zambiri m'mawa mumakhala mseru pang'ono, ndipo panthawi yolimbikira thupi mumakhala kumva kolimba mwamphamvu mbali yakumanja.

Minofu ya Adipose imakhudza pafupifupi maselo onse a chiwindi. Zizindikiro zimakulirakulira, chithunzi cha chipatala chimayamba kuonekera. Kulemera mbali yakumanja kumamveka, kusakhazikika kumamveka m'mimba, kukulitsidwa kwa ziwalo kumakulitsidwa. Kusintha kwa kachulukidwe kake kumaonekera pa ultrasound.

Kunenepa kwambiri kumayendera limodzi ndi kupangidwa kwa ma cysts ambiri okhala ndi mafuta mkati. Gawo ili limabweretsa mavuto ambiri. Kusanza kumayamba, kufooka, ndikumva kuwawa kumamveka m'mimba komanso pansi pa nthiti. Mimba imaphulika, kuzunzidwa chifukwa chobwerezabwereza, kung'ung'udza, kudzimbidwa (kapena mosemphanitsa, kutsegula m'mimba). Odwala amadandaula za zovuta za m'mimba.

Komabe, chidziwitso chomaliza sichimapangidwa posonkhanitsa chidziwitso chazithunzi. Madokotala amatengera wodwalayo mayeso (biochemical, mahomoni) ndi mayeso a labotale (ultrasound). Ndipo pokhazikitsidwa ndi zomwe zapezedwa, zotsimikizira zimakokedwa ndikuyenera kulandira chithandizo.

Kodi mumadziwa kuti ... Kodi mulibe zolandirira zowawa mu chiwindi? Chifukwa chaichi, ngakhale chitawonongeka, chiwalochi sichimapweteka. Chifukwa chake, kunenepa kwake ndikovuta kwambiri kuzindikira m'magawo oyamba.

Nthawi zambiri, ndi kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi, kumawalembera mokwanira, chifukwa ndiye chakudya cholakwika chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Chifukwa chake, mukatsimikizira matendawa, chinthu choyamba chomwe dokotala amachita ndikufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zingadyedwe komanso zomwe ziyenera kuphatikizidwa kuchokera kuzinthuzo kuti zithetse kukula kwa minofu ya adipose.

• squash caviar
• mararmade, caramel, jamu,
• ng'ombe yokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, ng'ombe, nkhuku, kalulu,
• nsomba zamafuta ochepa: nsomba zamkati, kuyera kwa buluu, nsomba za pike, nsomba za safoni, pollack, pike, carp, hake, saladi zam'madzi,
• zopangidwa ndi mkaka wotsika kwambiri: acidophilus, yogati, mkaka, curd yolimba,
• zopanda acid
• zipatso zopanda zipatso ndi zipatso,
• masamba
• buledi wowuma, zopaka, masikono owuma, mafuta ophikira, makeke ophika mafuta,
• masamba
• kirimu wowawasa, masamba ndi masamba amkaka,
• wowawasa zonona
• madzi apatebulo opanda gasi, masamba amadzimadzi, tiyi wopanda mphamvu, kulowetsedwa kwa rosehip, msuzi wa chinangwa,
• sopo pamasamba omera zamasamba ndikuwonjezera kwa vermicelli, monga chimanga, masamba, borscht ndi msuzi wa kabichi, msuzi wamkaka,
• ndi parsley
• mazira ophika kapena owira.

Zomwe simuyenera kudya:

• mowa
• nyemba
• broth
• skim mkaka ndi zonona
• nyama yamafuta ndi nsomba, caviar, nyama zosuta, soseji, zakudya zamzitini,
• mafuta ophikira, mafuta anyama,
• okroshka, msuzi wa kabichi kabichi,
• buledi watsopano, makeke okazinga, makeke, makeke, makeke, mafuta ophikira,
• offal: chiwindi, impso, ubongo,
• nsapato, mpiru, ketchup, tsabola, mayonesi,
• khofi wakuda, koko, chokoleti,
• sorelo, sipinachi, radish, radish, adyo, anyezi,
• mazira okhazikika ndi owiritsa.

Zosankha zamasamba sabata imodzi

1. Zakudya ziyenera kukhala kusinthana kwa mapuloteni ndi zakudya za phala.
2. Makina oyenerana sabata la zakudya tebulo No. 5 akhoza kusinthidwa malinga ndi zomwe mumakonda, koma osapitirira malire a zinthu zovomerezeka.
3. Zakudya za calorie za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 1,200 kcal kwa akazi ndi 1,500 kcal kwa amuna.
4. Zakudya zokazinga sizimachotsedwa muzakudya.
5. Shuga amasinthidwa bwino ndi xylitol.

Pamenepo mukupita. Kunenepa kwambiri mu chiwindi, ngakhale mwa anthu ochepa thupi, posachedwa kumabweretsa kulemera. Izi ndichifukwa choti thupi chifukwa cha nthendayi limataya kulumikizana ndi ubongo kudzera mumahomoni, ndipo thupi silingathenso kulamulira kumverera kwa njala. Ndipo chiwindi sichingatulutsenso kuchuluka kwamtundu umodzi wa bile, womwe umakhudzidwa ndi kuphwanya mafuta. Zotsatira zake, amayamba kudziunjikira m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi.

Ngati mukufunitsitsa kuchiza kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi, muyenera kumvetsera mosamala uphungu wonse wa dokotala ndikutsatira malangizo ake. Kuletsedwa kumwa mankhwala pawekha ndikuyesera mankhwala azitsamba. Izi zitha kubweretsa mavuto akulu.

Mankhwala

Pambuyo povomereza matendawa ndikukhazikitsa kuchuluka kwa matendawa, dokotala adzakuwuzani mwatsatanetsatane zomwe muyenera kumwa, mankhwalawa panthawi ino omwe muyenera kumwa. Nayi mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunenepa:

• hepatoprotective: Chofunika Forte, Essliver, Berlition - kusintha magwiridwe antchito amthupi,
• asidi a sulfamic: taurine, methionine - mapiritsi omwe amathandiza thupi kukonza mafuta,
• anticholineric (kutsitsa magazi lipids): Atoris, Vasilip, Crestor ,,
• hepatoprotectors pazomera zowonjezera: Liv-52, Karsil, akupanga a artichoke, turmeric, sorelo, Holagol, Gepabene,
• mavitamini a antioxidant: tocopherol, retinol,
• achire mavitamini a gulu B: riboflavin, folic acid.

Maina awa mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kuti azidziwitsidwa okha, komanso kuti asamachiritse kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi. Ndi dokotala yekha yemwe angalankhule za regimens komanso Mlingo.

Zithandizo za anthu

Chithandizo chamankhwala chimatsutsa kuti chithandizo chamankhwala azikhalidwe za anthu matendawa ndi othandiza. Komabe, mwachilolezo cha adotolo, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala owonjezera. Zodzikongoletsera ndi kulowetsedwa kwa zitsamba zamankhwala ndizosavuta kukonzekera kunyumba. Gwiritsani ntchito izi:

• tsamba la sitiroberi
• mzere wam chimanga
• masamba a birch
• chipatso cha juniper
• akavalo
• Chamomile,
• mbewu za katsabola
• mchenga wafiyamu inflorescence,
• maluwa a calendula
• nkhalango cudweed,
• chipukutira.

Chifukwa chake, kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi kumatha kuchiritsidwa pokhapokha njira yowonjezera, yomwe imaphatikizapo chithandizo chamankhwala, mankhwala, ndi wowerengeka azitsamba. Nthawi yomweyo, musaiwale kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusiya zizolowezi zoipa. Choyambirira, ndikofunikira kuthetsa chomwe chimayambitsa.

Kwa mawu. Kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimafotokozera. Komabe, kufalitsa chiwalochi ku Western Europe kumawononga $ 314,600. Ngakhale ngakhale chiwerengerochi sichichepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akufuna kuchigwiritsa ntchito.

Mavuto

Muyenera kudziwa chifukwa chake kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi ndi koopsa kuti mufotokoze zovuta zake popanda chithandizo choyenera. Poyerekeza ndi zomwe zidachitika, zotsatirazi ndizomwe zimapangira izi:

• chiwindi
• kulephera kwa chiwindi
• matenda amatsenga
• kuledzera kwa chamoyo chonse.
• m'mimba kukomoka,
• diathesis
• kutopa kwa thupi,
• chikomokere.

Koma choyipa kwambiri ndikulephera kwathunthu kwa chiwindi, chifukwa cha mafuta ochulukirapo chimaleka kugwira ntchito. Zikatere, munthu amwalira pasanathe maola atatu osatulutsa chiwalo.

Zambiri zasayansi. Chiwindi ndi chiwalo chokhacho cha munthu chitha kudzichiritsa (ngati mchira wa buluzi). Komabe, minofu ya adipose, yomwe imaphimba pang'onopang'ono ndi kufinya chiwalocho, silimalola kuti maselowo agawane, kuchepetsa katunduyu kukhala wopanda pake.

Kupewa

Zomwe zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi ndizovuta kudziwa chifukwa kuchuluka kwawo, zizindikirazi ndizochenjera, mankhwalawa ndi othandizirana ndipo osagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse, zotsatirapo zake zimakhala zowopsa osati thanzi komanso moyo. Zikuwonekeratu kuti matendawa ndi osavuta kupewa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kuwona njira zopewera:

1. moyo wathanzi
2. kupatula kusuta ndi mowa,
3. tsiku lililonse m'mawa
4. kuwunika ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi mafuta m'thupi,
5. amayenda mumweya watsopano,
6. masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse
7. zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

Kunenepa kwambiri mu chiwindi ndi matenda owopsa omwe, m'magawo oyambilira, samatha kukayikira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kupewa kupewa panthawi yake. Kupewa ndikosavuta kuposa kuchiritsa. Pangoganizirani pang'ono za matenda am'magazi, pitani kuchipatala msanga.

Kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi (mafuta a hepatosis) ndimatenda omwe minyewa ya chiwindi imayamba m'thupi la mafuta. Fatpat hepatosis chimodzimodzi imakhudza amuna ndi akazi. Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zingayambitse vutoli, koma chodziwika kwambiri ndicho kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika zakudya zamafuta ndi mowa. Kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi kumatha kukhalanso chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, protein ndi Vitamini. Kuwopsa kwa matendawa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso.

Zizindikiro za Kunenepa Kwambiri

Poyambirira kwamatenda komanso m'malo omwe chifukwa cha mafuta a hepatosis amtundu wa endocrine, zizindikiro za matendawa sizitha kuwonekera kwa nthawi yayitali kapena chigoba cha zizindikiro zamatenda oyamba.

Nthawi zambiri, odwala amasokonezeka ndi kudzimbidwa, nseru, nthawi zina kusanza, kumva kuwawa mu hypochondrium yoyenera. Ndi kukula kwa matendawa, kuwonongeka konsekonse mu thanzi kumatha kuchitika, odwala akudandaula za kufooka, kutopa kwambiri, kuchepa kwa ntchito. Nthawi zina, jaundice imatha kuphatikizika ndi kuyabwa kwa pakhungu. Nthawi zambiri, odwala amakhala ndi chiwindi chokulirapo, anthu omwe ali ndi thupi lolimba amatha kumva m'mphepete mwake. Pamwamba pake padzakhala ngakhale losalala, koma likapanikizidwa pamphepete mwa chiwindi, odwala amamva kupweteka.

Zodandaula zofananazi zitha kuonedwa ndimatenda ena a chiwindi ndi m'mimba, ngati zikuwonekerazi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala, osadzipatsa nokha mankhwala. Kuti afotokozere za matendawa, adotolo adzalembera mayeso angapo a ma labotale (biochemical magazi test) ndi maphunziro othandiza (ultrasound yam'mimba). Ngati, atamuyeza, dokotalayo amakayikira kuti wapeza matendawa, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto la chiwindi.

Mafuta hepatosis mankhwala

Wodwala yemwe ali ndi chiwindi chambiri ayenera kukhala wokonzekera kuti mankhwalawa atenga nthawi yayitali ndipo amafunikira kuleza mtima komanso kulangidwa, ndipo nthawi zina, kusiya zizolowezi zoipa kapena kusamala kuchokera pakupanga kovulaza.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuthetsa chomwe chinayambitsa kukula kwa mafuta a hepatosis, komanso chithandizo cha matenda oyanjana.

Odwala ayenera kutsatira zakudya zowonjezera, ndipo zakudya zapadera ziyenera kutsatiridwa osati panthawi yamankhwala, komanso tikamaliza. Odwala omwe ali ndi hepatosis yamafuta amapatsidwa mankhwala othandizira kudya No. 5, omwe amatha kutsatiridwa kwa zaka 1.5-2, kukulitsa mndandanda wazinthu zololedwa mogwirizana ndi dokotala. Chakudyacho sichimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zilizonse zamafuta, kaya ndi nyama, nsomba kapena mkaka. Zakudya zamatenda, nyama zosuta, zonunkhira, zonunkhira, zakudya zokazinga, makeke ndi makeke okhala ndi mafuta ophikira sizikuphatikizidwanso. Chiwindi chofuna kunenepa chimagwirizana mwamphamvu ndi mowa uliwonse.

Ndikofunika kuphatikiza pakudya kwamitundu yamafuta ochepa amkati mwa nsomba ndi nsomba mumaonekedwe owiritsa, kapena mwa mawonekedwe a nyama zotsekemera, ma boule a nyama ndi souffle. Masamba ndi zipatso zatsopano ziyenera kukhalapo patebulo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya mkate wopanda bulauni, mafuta a masamba, zinthu zamkaka zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa. Chiwerengero cha mazira chimakhala chochepa pa tsiku limodzi, ndipo ndibwino kuti muziphike monga mawonekedwe a omelet.

Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chamankhwala, odwala amawonetsedwa mankhwala. Therapy umalimbikitsidwa magwiridwe antchito a chiwindi ndi biliary thirakiti. Hepatoprotectors (Essenitsale, Rezolyut, Ursosan) amathandiza kwambiri pochiza mafuta a hepatosis. Nthawi ya kumwa mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Odwala ayenera kukhala okonzekera kuti panthawi yonse ya moyo wawo adzamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a gulu ili.

Vitamini wofunikanso ndizofunikira pakuchiza matenda. Nthawi zambiri kudya mokwanira mavitamini (Biomax, Alfabeti, Complivit) kawiri pachaka. Vitamini E, nikotini, ascorbic ndi folic acid, riboflavin ndiwothandiza kwambiri.

Madokotala amalipira chidwi makamaka mkhalidwe wamafuta a metabolism mwa odwala. Mwambiri, kukonza lipid kagayidwe kofunikira, komwe mankhwala a anticholinergic amalembedwa (Atoris, Krestor, Vasilip).

Kuchokera ku wowerengeka azitsamba polimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi, kulowetsedwa ndi decoctions a rose m'chiuno, chosafa ndi mkaka nthanda imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Dziwani kuti ayenera kumwedwa kokha ndi chilolezo cha adokotala.

Osati malo omaliza kuchiritsira matendawa amapatsidwa masewera olimbitsa thupi. Izi ndizofunikira popewa kunenepa kwambiri komanso kulimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kulimbitsa thupi lonse. Kuyenda mumlengalenga watsopano, kuthamanga mopepuka, kusambira ndikothandiza kwambiri.

Mafuta hepatosis ndimatenda omwe ali ndi zabwino zakukula kwa odwala. Mankhwalawa atangoyamba kumene, wodwalayo ali ndi mwayi wochira kwathunthu.Ndi chithandizo chosagwiritsidwa ntchito mosayenera kapena cholakwika, kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi kungachitike, ndipo muzovuta kwambiri - matenda a chiwindi.

Dokotala uti kuti mulumikizane

Ngati matenda a chiwindi akuwakaikira, muyenera kulumikizana ndi gastroenterologist kapena hepatologist. Katswiri wazakudya, wa endocrinologist, komanso wa mtima, amatha kuthandizika kwambiri pamankhwala ndikupereka njira zowongolera kagayidwe ka lipid.

Kanema wanyimbo:

Mafuta hepatosis (kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi) ndimatenda omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, kumwa mopitirira muyeso zakudya zamafuta ndi mowa. Chiwindi ndi chiwalo chomwe chimatha kudzipanga chokha, koma kusokonezedwa pakugwira kwake ntchito kwabwinobwino kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa. Imasiya kugwira ntchito yake yayikulu - kuwononga ziphe ndikuyeretsa thupi la poizoni.

Mafuta hepatosis amachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwa kagayidwe. Kukhala moyo wongokhala ndi zakudya zopanda thanzi kumapangitsa kuti munthu akhale wonenepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chiyani chiwindi chimayamba kudziunjikira mafuta, zimangine zokha sizikumvetseka kwathunthu ndi sayansi. Koma chinthu chimodzi ndichachidziwikire: odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo komanso onenepa kwambiri, matenda ashuga, anthu azaka zapakati.

2. Kudya moyenera komanso kukhala ndi zochita zambiri.

3. Kuletsa zakudya zamafuta.

4. Kuzindikira kwakanthawi ndi chithandizo kwa zopatuka pang'ono pantchito ya ziwalo ndi machitidwe a thupi.

Kuchokera ku hepatitis, gawo limodzi mpaka kulephera kwa chiwindi, kutsatiridwa ndi cirrhosis. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi chiwindi chanu chokwanira komanso osabweretsa nkhaniyo ndi hepatosis yamafuta.

Mafuta hepatosis, steatosis kapena "chiwindi chamafuta" ndimatenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'maselo a chiwindi, ndichifukwa chake ntchito zake zabwinobwino zimasokonekera.

66. Wowuma ndi kapangidwe kake

Katundu wakuthupi komanso kukhala mwa chilengedwe.

1. Wowuma ndi ufa woyera, wopanda madzi.

2. M'madzi otentha, imatupa ndikupanga yankho la colloidal - phala.

3. Pokhala cholengedwa cha mpweya wa monoxide (IV) wobiriwira (wobiriwira ndi chlorophyll) maselo a chomera, wowuma amakhala ponseponse pazomera.

4. Mizu ya mbatata muli pafupifupi 100% wowuma, tirigu ndi chimanga - pafupifupi 70%, mpunga - pafupifupi 80%.

5. Kukucha ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kwa anthu.

2. Amapangidwa chifukwa cha zithunzi zopanga zinthu zam'madzi pa mayamwa a mphamvu yoyendera dzuwa.

3. Choyamba, glucose amapangidwa kuchokera ku kaboni dayokisi ndi madzi chifukwa cha njira zingapo, zomwe mwa mawu ambiri zimatha kufotokozedwa ndi equation: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O = C₆N₁₂O₆ + 6O₂.

5. Ma macromolecule okhuthala alibe mulingo wofanana: a) amaphatikiza manambala angapo a ma C₆H₁₀O₅ - kuchokera mazana angapo mpaka masauzande angapo, ndipo kulemera kwawo molekyu sikofanana, b) amasiyana mawonekedwe: pamodzi ndi mamolekyulu ozungulira okhala ndi kulemera kwamamiliyoni mazana angapo, pali mamolekyulu opangidwa ndi molekyulu yolemetsa mamiliyoni angapo.

Chemical zimatha wowuma.

1. Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zili ndi wowuma ndi kupatsa mtundu wa buluu mukamayanjana ndi ayodini. Mtunduwu umawonedwa mosavuta ngati muika dontho la ayodini pazokongoletsa za mbatata kapena kagawo ka mikate yoyera ndikuwotcha oyika phala ndi mkuwa (II) hydroxide, mapangidwe a mkuwa oxide (I) awoneka.

2. Ngati wiritsani phala wowuma ndi pang'ono sulfuric acid, sinthani yankho ndikuchita zomwe zimachitika ndi mkuwa hydroxide (II), wopangidwira mawonekedwe a mkuwa oxide (I) amapangidwa. Ndiye kuti, akamawotchera madzi pamaso pa acid, wowuma amapanga hydrolysis, ndipo chinthu chimapangidwa chomwe chimachepetsa mkuwa (II) hydroxide mpaka mkuwa oxide (I).

3. Njira yogawa ma macromolecules a wowuma ndi madzi imapita pang'onopang'ono. Choyamba, zinthu zapakatikati zopanga molekyulu yaying'ono kuposa wowuma zimapangidwa - ma dextrins, ndiye kuti sucrose isomer, maltose, ndi chomaliza cha hydrolysis ndi glucose.

4. Zomwe zimachitika pakusintha kwa wowuma kukhala glucose pansi pa mphamvu ya sulfuric acid zidapezeka mu 1811 ndi wasayansi waku Russia K. Kirchhoff. Adapanga njira yopangira glucose ndipo masiku ano amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

5. Wokhala ndi ma macromolecule ophatikizidwa ndi ma cyclic a mamolekyu a L-glucose.

Kodi nchiyani chikuwopseza kunenepa kwa chiwindi?

Mafuta hepatosis popanda chithandizo amachititsa zovuta zingapo. Nthawi zambiri, mwa odwala omwe samatsatira zakudya ndikumangodya mowa, mafuta omwe amapezeka mu hepatocytes amapezeka ndi oxidation, omwe amachititsa kuti chiwopsezo cha kutupa - chiwindi. Nthawi zambiri, chiwindi chimakhala chachikulu. Kutupa kumayendera limodzi ndi kulowetsa minofu ya hepatic, yomwe imatsogolera ku cirrhosis. Kuphatikiza apo, ntchito yabwinobwino ya chiwindi, ngakhale ndi steatosis yofatsa, imalephera chifukwa cha "kulowererapo" komwe kumapangidwa ndi maselo amafuta. Kulandila koyenera nthawi zambiri kumathandizanso kusintha kwa njirayi. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe muyenera kukumbukira: kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi ndizowopsa, mukangotembenukira kwa dokotala wa gastroenter, mwayi wopambana matenda.

Mafuta a hepatosis amakula motsutsana ndi maziko a kuledzera, kuledzera, matenda ashuga, matenda a lipid metabolism, kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi. Musanachiritse kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi, ndikofunikira kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa hepatosis ndikusankha kutengera chinthu chovulaza. Pambuyo pakupezeka kwa matenda, ndikofunikira kusiya kumwa mowa, kuyesa kupewa kuyamwa ndi poizoni, kufunsa wa endocrinologist kuti mupewe kuphwanya zakudya za metabolism kapena metabolid, ndikupeza zakudya zoyenera.

Njira izi zimathandizidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a lipotropic ndi ma hydrolysates a chiwindi. Kuchulukitsa zolimbitsa thupi kumalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Zakudya za kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi

Odwala omwe ali ndi steatosis adayikidwa kudya No. 5, yokhala ndi:

• 80 g mapuloteni, momwe 55% ya nyama,
• 350 g wamafuta, omwe 70 - 80 g shuga,
• 80 g yamafuta, pomwe 30% yawo ndi masamba,
• 10 g mchere
• 2 malita amadzimadzi.

Zakudya za kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi ziyenera kuphatikizapo zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa ndi lipotropic - choline, methionine, inositol, lecithin, betaine, ndi zina.

• mazira a nkhuku
• tchizi chamafuta ochepa
• nsomba zamafuta ochepa (zander, cod),
• nyama zapamadzi zam'madzi,
• soya ufa
• bulwheat, oatmeal,
• yisiti.

Ndikofunikira kupatula zakudya:

• makeke ndi batala la puff, mkate watsopano,
• nyama, bowa ndi msuzi wa nsomba,
• mafuta amitundu ya nkhuku (tsekwe, bakha),
• wolakwa,
• ankasuta nyama
• masoseji
• chakudya zamzitini
• mafuta ndi mafuta ophikira,
• mafuta amkaka ambiri,
• nyemba
• anyezi, adyo, radish,
• katsabola, parsley,
• tsabola, tsabola, mpiru,
• cocoa, khofi wakuda, koloko,
• vanillin, sinamoni ndi zonunkhira zina.

Mankhwala a kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi

Pankhani ya hepatosis yamafuta, mankhwala a lipotropic amalembedwa: choline chloride, lipocaine, vitamini B12, folic ndi lipoic acid, hydrolysates ndi chiwindi zina.

Choline chloride ndi saline imayendetsedwa kudzera mu njira ya 14 mpaka 20.

Progepar, sirepar, ripazon (hepatic hydrolysates) amatumizidwa tsiku lililonse intramuscularly (masiku 25 - 40).

Kunenepa kwambiri kwa chiwindi kumayamba pang'onopang'ono, kudutsa magawo atatu:

• Gawo 1 - kutali kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake ndi malo ochepa omwe amaphimbidwa ndi mafuta. Ngati muyamba mankhwala panthawiyi, ndiye kuti mutha kuthana bwinobwino ndi matendawa ndikuletsa kupititsa patsogolo kwake. Ichi ndi steatohepatosis.
• Gawo lachiwiri - kuyika kwamafuta pakachulukidwe ka chiwindi, komwe kumayambitsa kupangidwa kwa minofu yolumikizana pakati pa maselo amafuta ndikuletsa kubwezeretsanso ntchito za chiwindi. Gawo steatohepatitis.
• Gawo lachitatu - steatohepatosis yayikulu, momwe kuchuluka kwa hepatocytes yocheperako kumachepetsedwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa maselo amafuta ndi minofu yolumikizana imachuluka. Mlingo wa matendawa ndi osachiritsika ndipo umadziwika kuti chiwindi cha chiwindi.

Njira zochizira

Zowonadi, ndi ochepa omwe samalabadira zizindikiro zotere. Chifukwa chake, madotolo amawona kuti magazi a chiwindi osagwirizana ndi mowa amachitika mwangozi komanso pokhapokha potsatira zotsatira zake. Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso awa amachitika ndi cholinga choteteza, kapena ndi matenda ena. Nthawi zina, pakhungu, madokotala amatha kuwona chiwindi kapena ndulu yokulitsidwa. Zizindikiro zapadera - nseru, kusanza, kuyabwa, kupweteka kwamphamvu mu hypochondrium, khungu la khungu ndi matenda oopsa a portal - amapezeka kale ndi kukula kwa matenda. Gawo la cirrhosis limadziwika chifukwa chakuti chiwindi ndi ndulu zimachulukirachulukira, zizindikiritso za portal zowonjezera magazi, ascites zimayamba (madzimadzi aulere amadziunjikira m'mimba), mitsempha ya saphenous ikukulira, ndipo mavuto a endocrine amakula.