Kodi amafa ndi matenda ashuga?

Kodi ndizotheka kufa ndi matenda ashuga? Funso ili limavutitsa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto lotere. Amadziwika kuti matendawa amakhudza ziwalo zonse, zimayambitsa mavuto. Ngati mutsatira malingaliro a katswiri, kutsatira moyo wathanzi, kudya zakudya zoyenera, ndikotheka kuwonjezera moyo, kuwonjezera mphamvu ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Matenda a shuga angakhale amitundu iwiri, mwa iwo amasiyana pazomwe zimayambitsa, zizindikiro zina, zomwe zimapangitsa, njira zamankhwala komanso zovuta zomwe zingachitike. Mulimonsemo, kusowa kwa chithandizo kumapha.

Kwenikweni, kufa ndi matenda ashuga kumachitika chifukwa chakuti matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Zimakhudza thupi lonse, zimakhudza ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe.

Mavuto osiyanasiyana ndi zovuta za kapamba zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, komwe kumawopseza kupanga. Poizoni amatha kudwala matenda amtundu 1 komanso mtundu 2. Nthawi zambiri kuledzera kumachitika ndi:

Kuchuluka kwambiri kwa acetone mthupi la munthu. Izi zitha kudziwika chifukwa cha zizindikiro zotchulidwa - kupuma koyenera, kutsika kogwira ntchito, kufooka ndi zina zambiri.
Kukula kwa ketoacidosis, komwe kumadziwika ndi kuwoneka m'magazi a wodwala a matupi a ketone. Izi zimasokoneza ubongo ndi ziwalo zina, ndikuti zimayambitsa kugwira ntchito.

Zimayang'aniridwa ndi zinthu zoyipa komanso zovulaza monga matupi a acetone ndi ketone zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta m'magulu a shuga, zomwe zimatha kupha.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga umayamba chifukwa chakuti kapamba sangapange insulini yoyenera. Chifukwa chake, kusokonezeka m'thupi kumachitika, komwe kumayambitsa matenda. Amawerengedwa ngati matenda owopsa, amakhudza ziwalo zambiri ndi machitidwe, chifukwa chake, mwadzidzidzi chithandizo kapena kusakhalapo, imfa imatha kuchitika.

Nthawi zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa kuphedwa mu mtundu woyamba ndi izi:

Kuphwanya ntchito ya mtima, komwe kumapangitsa kuti magazi ayambe kuyenda m'maso, m'munsi ndi kumbuyo miyendo.
Kukula kwa nephropathy, komwe m'tsogolomu kumatha kukhala matenda ovuta - kulephera kwa impso ndi kufa ngati palibe chithandizo.
Myocardial infaration ndiye chifukwa chofala komanso chofala kwambiri chomwe anthu odwala matenda ashuga amafa. Izi ndichifukwa choti magazi amatayika, chitetezo cha mthupi chimachepa kwambiri.
Ischemia - kumlingo wina, amathanso kubweretsa mavuto.
Matendawa odwala matenda ashuga ndi vuto lalikulu la matenda, zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta m'magazi komanso njira za metabolic m'thupi. Amayamba chifukwa chophwanya khungu, lomwe mtsogolomo limayamba kukhala pang'onopang'ono, lomwe limayimira kuwonongeka kwa minofu.

Kuphatikiza pa matendawa, palinso zina, zowopsa pang'ono, komanso zimayambitsa zotsatira zazikulu mthupi. Izi cataract, khungu lathunthu ndi zina za maso, zotupa zamkamwa ndi zina zambiri.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umadziwika chifukwa maselo ndi ziwalo sizingayanjane ndi insulin. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa phindu la shuga komanso kuwonongeka m'moyo wonse.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa ndi mtundu uwu zingakhale izi:

Kuphwanya ntchito za mtima ndi matenda awo.
Kutsitsa chitetezo cha mthupi - kumakhudza kwambiri thanzi ndipo kumathandizira kukulitsa ma pathologies owonjezereka, ndikupangitsa imfa.
Kulakwitsa kwa minofu ya minofu - ikhoza kukhala chifukwa chachikulu cha kuchepa kwa ntchito zamagalimoto mwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda ashuga. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimachitika m'mitsempha.
Kulephera kwa kagayidwe kachakudya ka thupi - kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi ziwalo za matupi a ketone, komwe kumayambitsa poyizoni ndi kufa pambuyo pake.
Matenda a shuga - nephropathy - yodziwika ndi vuto laimpso. M'tsogolomu, pakalibe chithandizo, kulephera kwakhungu kwaimpso kumapangidwa. Kenako chithandizo chitha kukhala chifukwa cha kukokoloka.

Mtundu wachiwiri ndi wowopsa makamaka, chifukwa kugonjetsedwa kwathunthu kwamitsempha yamagazi kumatha kukhala zovuta. Zotsatira zake, minofu ndi ziwalo sizilandira kuchuluka kwa michere ndi mpweya, zomwe zimatsogolera pakupanga necrosis. Chifukwa chake, funso: kodi iwo amafa ndi matenda ashuga, angayankhidwe mogwirizana.

Kwenikweni, kugonana kwa akazi komweko pa gawo 1 la matenda kumakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kufa. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtima, makamaka myocardial infarction, amakhudzidwa kwambiri.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa komanso oyipa omwe amayamba chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika mwanjira imodzi, chifukwa chake kufa kumakhala kwakukulu.

Imfa chifukwa cha zovuta

Matenda a shuga ndi osachiritsika - lingaliro lokhumudwitsa lidamvedwa kale ndi odwala matenda ashuga kuchokera kwa madokotala. Mankhwala aphunzira kuthana nawo. Koma ngati mankhwalawo anyalanyazidwa, matendawa amapita patsogolo, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zoopsa. Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ndi ma pathologies a mtima, kulephera kwa impso, gangrene ndi chikomokere.

Shuga amachepetsedwa nthawi yomweyo! Matenda a shuga m'kupita kwa nthawi angayambitse matenda ambiri, monga mavuto amawonedwe, khungu ndi tsitsi, zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba komanso matenda otupa! Anthu amaphunzitsa zinzake zowawa kuti azisintha shuga. werengani.

Nephropathy

Matenda a impso ndi omwe amafa kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 1, makamaka ngati ali ndi matenda a shuga. Magwiridwe antchito a impso ndi operewera chifukwa choloweza minofu yogwira ntchito yothandizira minofu yolumikizana. Pang'onopang'ono, impso zimasiya kugwira ntchito yawo, ndikupangitsa kulephera kwathunthu kwa impso. Kuwonongeka kwa glomeruli kumasonyezedwa ndi kukhalapo kwa mapuloteni mumkodzo (urinalysis), chifukwa chake, ntchito yawo yochotsa zinthu zapoizoni m'thupi imalephera.

Mukasinthira ku matenda osachiritsika, nephropathy imawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

kutupa
matenda oopsa
kuchepa kwa magazi kumayamba
nseru, mutu,
madzimadzi amadziunjikira m'mapapu.

Kuphwanya pang'onopang'ono kwa thupi, kukula kwa kulephera kwa mtima kumabweretsa kupitirira kwa zovuta. Gawo lotsiriza limadziwika ndi kukhazikika kwa chikomokere, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zotsatira zake ndizowopsa.

Mtima

Mitsempha yamitsempha yamagazi imakhazikika mwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi shuga wamagazi ambiri chifukwa chakukula kwa njira za atherosulinosis. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuphedwa ndi kugunda kwa mtima, kugunda kwa ischemic, stroke, kapena gangore. Chipatala cha zovuta nthawi zambiri chimakhala mulibe zizindikiro, palibe ululu wamakhalidwe, chifukwa chake izi zimapezeka mochedwa, zomwe zimawonjezera kufa.

Imfa ya matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri omwe ali ndi zovuta zamtima zimakhudzana ndikuphatikiza pazinthu zingapo:

zotsatira zakuluzikulu zamagetsi m'magazi,
kupezeka kwa cholesterol yayikulu m'magazi,
kuchuluka kwa insulin
kuchuluka magazi coagulation.

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Matenda a shuga

Coma - zovuta komanso zovuta za shuga. Pali zochitika ziwiri zodziwika bwino kwambiri, zoyipa mpaka kufa. Malinga ndi limagwirira kukula kwa chikomokere ndi zizindikiro zake zamatenda, amagawika mu hypoglycemic ndi hyperosmolar coma.

Hypoglycemic

Khomalo limapezeka kwambiri ndi matenda amtundu 1 chifukwa kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga. Mlingo wapamwamba wa insulin kapena mankhwala ena ochepetsa shuga, ntchito zolimbitsa thupi, mavuto ndi chiwindi ndi zifukwa zake zomwe amakula. Uwu ndi mtundu wowopsa wa kupuma, pomwe amadziwonekeranso mwadzidzidzi, ndipo pambuyo pa mphindi 10-15 munthu amagwa osazindikira kuti ayamba kupuma. Mofananamo, zizindikiro zowonongeka kumizinda yaubongo zimawonekera:

palibe chomwe chimakhumudwitsa zakunja,
kamvekedwe ka minofu kachepetsedwa
kuyimba mtima kumasokonezeka
Hypotension imayamba.

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Hyperosmolar

Kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa kagayidwe kachakudya kamene kamayambitsa kukula kwa chikhalidwe cha hyperosmolar. Mkulu wa glucose amafika 30-50 mmol / l, pali kutaya kwakukulu kwamadzi ndi mchere, kuchuluka kwa zinthu za sodium ndi nitrogenous m'thupi kumachulukanso. Mkhalidwe wotere umayambitsa kufa kwa matenda amtundu wa 2, koma ndi chithandizo cha nthawi yake chomwe chimapangitsa kuti anthu azifa.

mwendo kukokana
zopweteketsa mtima
kufalikira kwamphepo,
kupuma pafupipafupi
tachycardia
hypotension.

Ngati wodwala sathandizidwanso kukomoka, ndiye kuti chifukwa cha imfayo chake ndi thromboembolism ya m'mapapo.

Ngati mungathandizidwe mwadzidzidzi, mutha kufa ndi mavuto awa:

kuchuluka kwa magazi
kuchuluka kapena kupindika kwathunthu kwa kapamba,
kuwonongeka kwaimpso,
kufalikira kwa kuchuluka kwa chotupa cham'mapapo,
ngozi yamitsempha
matenda edema.

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Neuropathy

Kusokonezeka pakupezeka kwa miyendo ndi maselo amanjenje okhala ndi magazi kumatha ndikulowa kwamabwinja. Zilonda zam'mimba zomwe sizichiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali zimawonekera kumapeto, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa matenda, omwe akuphatikizira kukulira kwa necrotic njira ndikulowerera kwa matenda kulowa m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, wodwalayo amakumananso ndi vuto.

Kusatetezeka kwa thupi ngakhale ndimankhwala osokoneza bongo oopsa a shuga kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Zina zoyambitsa imfa

Mavuto a shuga amachitidwanso kuti ndi owopsa:

Kupweteka kwam'mimba kumatha kukhala chizindikiro cha ketoacidosis.

Ketoacidosis - imayenda motsutsana ndi maziko a kusowa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwa insulin. Njira yopanga ketoacidotic state imatenga masiku angapo mpaka masabata, kwa maola angapo ndi kumwa kwambiri, zizindikiro zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono, zimasokoneza:
- Kufooka, tinnitus, kununkhira kwa acetone, nseru, kupweteka kwam'mimba.
- Kuwonongeka kwa chidwi, masomphenya, kupweteka mumtima, kupuma movutikira, chidutswa chofiirira palilime.
- Wodwalayo amagwa.
Lactic acidosis ndi mtundu wovuta kwambiri komanso wowopsa kwambiri. Mwadzidzidzi imayenda motsutsana ndi maziko a dziko ladzidzidzi, kuledzera kwakukulu, kulephera kwamtima kapena aimpso. Zimaphatikizidwa ndi izi:
- kugona
- boma la delirium
- nseru
- khungu lotuwa
- kupweteka kwa minofu
- kugunda kwa mtima
- kulephera kudziwa.

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Ziwerengero zakufa kwa Matenda a shuga

Malinga ndi zomwe akatswiri amafufuza, azimayi amatha kufa kuposa amuna. 65% ndi chifukwa cha kufa kwa matenda a shuga a 2 omwe ali ndi zovuta zamtima. Imfa ya zovuta za mtima zamtundu 1 shuga ndi 35%. Ndipo ngakhale vuto lalikulu la wodwala matenda ashuga si mtima, kufa kwa vuto la mtima ndikweza katatu kuchulukirapo kuposa kwa munthu wathanzi.

Zakudya pambuyo stroko ndi shuga

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Stroke ndi imodzi mwazovuta zazikulu za matenda ashuga. Uku ndikuphwanya kufalitsa kwa ubongo, komwe kumakula kwambiri ndipo kumapangitsa kuti munthu asamayende komanso kulankhula pafupipafupi. Makamaka kwambiri, matendawa amafa kapena kufa ziwalo kwathunthu. Ndi matenda a stroke komanso matenda ashuga, zakudya ndi zina mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakukonzanso mankhwala. Popanda zakudya zoyenera, kubwezeretsa wodwalayo ndikukhalanso ndi thanzi labwinobwino nkosatheka.

Udindo wazakudya

Nthawi yochira pambuyo pa sitiroko ndi gawo lovuta m'moyo wa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga. Monga lamulo, kumatenga nthawi yayitali, motero bungwe la zakudya zoyenera ndilofunika kwambiri kwa odwala. Nazi mfundo zoyambirira zomwe muyenera kutsatira mukamapangira menyu munthu yemwe akufunika thandizo:

mbale ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana nthawi zonse kuti zitheke kumeza
Kutentha kwa chakudya kuyenera kutentha pang'ono, osati kutentha kapena kuzizira,
Ndikofunika kuphika chakudya chatsopano tsiku lililonse - izi zimachepetsa mwayi wamatenda oyamba m'matumbo ndi poyizoni,
muyenera kuchepetsa mchere mu chakudya momwe mungathere, ndipo shuga ndi zinthu zomwe zili nazo ziyenera kukanidwa bwino,
Zinthu zomwe zakonzedwa ndi mbale zimayenera kukhala zapamwamba kwambiri komanso zopanda zinthu zoyipa.

Pogulitsa mutha kupeza zosakaniza zapadera za odwala pambuyo pa sitiroko, yomwe, mwa fanizo ndi chakudya cha ana, imakonzedwa kuchokera ku ufa wouma ndipo sikufuna kuwira. Kumbali imodzi, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndikosavuta, chifukwa ndikwanira kuthira ufa ndi madzi otentha ndikuyambitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, kusasinthika kwa osakaniza omalizidwa kwathunthu kumadzimadzi, komwe kumakhala ndi phindu pa mayamwidwe. Zinthu zotere zimakhala ndi zinthu zonse zofunika kufufuza, mavitamini ndi michere yofunikira kwa wodwala. Koma, mbali inayo, kutali ndi onsewo ndi oyenera odwala matenda ashuga chifukwa cha shuga ndi mkaka wa ufa, motero, musanagwiritse ntchito zotere, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi endocrinologist.

Kudzimbidwa kutha kumakhala koopsa kwambiri pangozi ya ubongo. Ndizosatheka m'magulu kuti odwala oterowo amakankhira mwamphamvu ndikusokonekera panthawi yachinyengo, chifukwa izi zimatha kubweretsanso kachiwiri kapena kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa magazi. Kukhala chete pazovuta zodabwitsazi kumatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zomvetsa chisoni, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa ntchito yamatumbo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ikutha nthawi zonse.

Porridge ndi gwero lothandiza mafuta pang'onopang'ono omwe amapatsa thupi mphamvu yofunikira komanso kwa nthawi yayitali imapereka kukhudzika. Kwa odwala omwe adadwala matenda a shuga, chimanga chija chomwe chimakhala ndi index yotsika kapena yapakatikati ndi chothandiza. Izi zikuphatikiza ndi buckwheat, tirigu, oats zachilengedwe, bulgur ndi mpunga wa bulauni. Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yochira, ndi bwino kupera mbewu yophika kuti wodwalayo asamavutike kumeza.

Ndiosafunika kudya odwala mbale za nandolo, mpunga woyera ndi semolina. Pea porridge imakwiyitsa mapangidwe a gasi ndikuchepetsa kayendedwe ka matumbo, ndikuchepetsa mpunga ndi semolina zimabweretsa chiwopsezo chambiri chamapaundi owonjezera ndikuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi. Simungaphike chimanga mumkaka (ngakhale kuchokera ku zipatso zabwino, zololedwa), chifukwa izi zimachulukitsa zamagetsi m'mbale ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisakhale zopatsa thanzi.

Popeza masamba ambiri amakhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic komanso kapangidwe kofunikira ka mankhwala, ayenera kupanga maziko a menyu wodwala. Mukamasankha njira yophikira, ndibwino kuti musankhe zophika ndi zotentha. Zamasamba zomwe zimatha kudyedwa zosaphika, muyenera kupera ndi kulowa muzakudya za wodwala monga mbatata yosenda.
Zamasamba ndichakudya chabwino chamagulu, sizimapangitsa kuti pakhale kulemera komanso zimapangitsa kuti mapuloteni azikhala bwino.

Zabwino zamasamba azidwala odwala pakukonzanso pambuyo poti adwala matenda ashuga ndi awa:

Odwala oterowo saloledwa kudya kabichi ndi mbatata, muyenera kungoyang'anira kuchuluka kwawo muzakudya ndikuwunika momwe wodwalayo amvera. Mbatata zimakhala ndi wowuma yambiri, yomwe imatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndipo kabichi nthawi zambiri imayambitsa kukhumudwa ndi matumbo colic.

Anyezi ndi adyo amatha kulowa m'malo mwa mchere ndi zokometsera, zomwe siziyenera kwa odwala. Muli zinthu zofunikira zomwe zimachepetsa magazi ndikuyeretsa mitsempha yamagazi ya cholesterol amana. Mlingo wapakatikati, gruel ochokera ku masamba awa, omwe amawonjezeredwa ndi chimanga kapena nyama, sizingavulaze wodwalayo komanso angasiyanitse pang'ono kukoma kwa chakudya cha mtundu womwewo. Koma ngati wodwalayo ali ndi matenda othandizira am'mimba, ndiye kuti ndi zakudya zakuthwa motere muyenera kusamala.

Nyama ndi nsomba

Kuchokera ku nyama ndikwabwino kusankha mitundu yamafuta ochepa monga nkhuku, nkhuku, nyama yamwana wang'ombe ndi ng'ombe. Mwa izi, mutha kuphika ma broths m'madzi achiwiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito popanga soses yosenda. Pophika, woyamba ndi wachiwiri maphunziro, ndibwino kuti musankhe filleti, simungaphike misuzi m'mafupa. Zakudya zonona kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, makamaka pambuyo pa sitiroko, ndizoletsedwa.

Simungathe kuphika nyama, ndibwino kuphika kapena kuphika, kuphika ndi kuwotcha. Kuchokera nyama yophika isanaphike, mutha kupanga ma-meatbord kapena ma meatball, omwe, mutatha kuphika, amapukusidwa mosavuta ndi foloko ndipo safuna kupukusa kowonjezera. Ndikofunika kuphatikiza nyamayo ndi masamba ophweka kapena mbewu monga chimanga, kuti isavuta kugaya komanso kusuntha mwachangu.

Mukamasankha nsomba, muyenera kulabadira zatsopano ndi mafuta ake. Nsomba zatsopano komanso zamafuta pang'ono ndizabwino kwambiri kwa wodwala pambuyo pa matenda a shuga. Nsomba zilizonse zosuta, zokazinga ndi zamchere (ngakhale zofiira) ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gulu ili la odwala.

Katundu Woletsedwa

Kuletsedwa kwa chakudya kwa odwala kumayenderana ndi shuga ndi mchere. Zakudya zamafuta osavuta ndizovulaza ngakhale mu shuga popanda zovuta, ndipo mwangozi wa cerebrovascular, zimatha kuyipa kwambiri komanso lakuthwa mu thanzi la wodwalayo. Shuga ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala nazo zimadzetsa kusinthasintha kwakukuru mumlingo wamagazi m'magazi, omwe amakhudza mitsempha molakwika. Makoma awo amasinthidwa zowawa, chifukwa chomwe magazi athunthu amapita ku ziwalo zofunika, pafupi ndi komwe amapezeka, amasokonezeka.

Mchere umasunga madzi mthupi, kotero wodwala amatha kukhala ndi edema. Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya zamchere zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda oopsa (kuthamanga kwa magazi). Zonsezi ziwiri ndizowopsa kwa munthu amene wadwala matenda a stroko. Ndiye chifukwa chake kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mchere womwe umamwekedwa ndikofunika kwambiri. Mulingo wovomerezeka wodwala aliyense ukhoza kuwerengedwa ndi dokotala, chifukwa cha zovuta za matendawa komanso ma pathologies okhudzana nawo. M'malo amchere, kuti chakudya chisasokonekere, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wofatsa ndi masamba odulidwa.

Zotsatirazi ndizoletsedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe akuvutika ndi stroko:

maswiti onse ndi shuga
mankhwala omalizidwa
soseji, nsomba zosuta ndi mchere,
zonunkhira
nyama zamafuta
zipatso zazikulu za glycemic
semolina phala
sipinachi, sorelo,
tchipisi ndi zokhwasula-khwasula
bowa
msuzi wolemera.

Ndikofunika kuti odwala omwe akuchira nthawi yatsopano azitha kudya zakudya komanso osalola nthawi yayitali yopuma. Wodwala akakhala ndi vuto pakulankhula pambuyo poti wavulala kwambiri, ndipo akumanama, ndiye kuti zimamuvuta kuti afotokozere anjala ake. Chifukwa chake, zinthu ngati izi zimachitidwa ndi achibale kapena antchito apadera omwe akusamalira odwala matenda ashuga. Sitiyenera kuiwala za kuchuluka kwa shuga pamagazi, chifukwa hyperglycemia (monga hypoglycemia) imakhala yowopsa kwa wodwalayo atalandira sitiroko. Chifukwa cha zakudya zopangidwa mwadongosolo, mutha kuchepetsa nthawi yovutikayo pang'ono ndikuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta zina za matenda ashuga.

Imfa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga: zoyambitsa kufa

Masiku ano, pali anthu pafupifupi 366 miliyoni omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga padziko lonse lapansi. Malinga ndi State Record of Russia kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2012, odwala oposa 3.5 miliyoni omwe ali ndi matenda oyipawa adalembetsa mdzikolo. Kuposa 80% ya iwo ali kale ndi matenda ashuga.

Ngati mumakhulupirira ziwerengero, ndiye kuti 80% ya odwala amafa ndi matenda amtima. Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa odwala matenda ashuga:

Imfa siyotsatira matendawo ayi, koma kuchokera ku zovuta zake

M'masiku amenewo pamene insulin sinapezekepo, ana a matenda a shuga anamwalira atatha zaka 2-3. Masiku ano, mankhwala akakhala ndi ma insulins amakono, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wambiri ndi matenda osokoneza bongo mpaka kukalamba. Koma pali zina zofunika kuchita ndi izi.

Madokotala amayesetsa kufotokozera odwala awo kuti samwalira ndi matenda ashuga. Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa odwala ndizovuta zomwe matendawa amafalitsa. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga 3,800,000 amafa chaka chilichonse padziko lapansi. Izi ndi zowopsa.

Odwala odziwa zambiri nthawi zambiri amamwa mankhwala kuti apewe matenda ashuga kapena kuthandiza munthu amene wapezeka kale. Ngati njirayi yayamba kale, ndiye kuti kuyimitsa ndiyovuta kwambiri. Mankhwala kwakanthawi amabweretsa mpumulo, koma kuchira kwathunthu sikumachitika.

Zikhala bwanji? Kodi kulibe njira yotuluka ndipo imfa ibwera posachedwa? Zapezeka kuti zonse sizowopsa ndipo mutha kukhala ndi matenda ashuga. Pali anthu omwe samvetsa kuti zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa kwambiri matenda ashuga ndi shuga wamagazi. Ndi gawo ili lomwe limakhala ndi poizoni m'thupi, ngati lili kunja kwa chizolowezi.

Ndiye chifukwa chake mankhwalawa obwera kumene sangatenge gawo lalikulu popewa zovuta, poyambirira ndikusungidwa kwa shuga m'magazi pamlingo woyenera.

Zofunika! Zinthu zamankhwala zimagwira ntchito bwino ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikwabwinobwino. Ngati chizindikirochi chimakhala chowonjezeka nthawi zonse, kupewa komanso kuchiza kumakhala kosathandiza. Pankhondo yolimbana ndi matenda ashuga, cholinga choyambirira ndikubwezera glucose kuti ikhale yachilendo.

Glucose owonjezera amawononga makoma amitsempha yamagazi ndi ma capillaries. Izi zikugwira ntchito pa dongosolo lonse lamagazi. Zida zonse za m'magazi ndi zomatira zimakhudzidwa, malo am'munsi akuvutika (phazi la matenda ashuga).

Atherosulinosis (atherosulinotic plaques) imayamba kukhala m'matumbo omwe akhudzidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotupa za mtima lumen. Zotsatira za matenda otere ndi:

Chiwopsezo cha matenda amtima wamtundu 2 shuga ndiwonjezereka katatu. Palibe chodabwitsa kuti matendawa ali pamalo oyamba m'ndandanda wazomwe zimamwalira. Koma palinso zifukwa zina zazikuluzikulu zochititsa kuti mufe.

Kafukufuku wosangalatsa ndikudziwika yemwe adatsimikizira mgwirizano wapakati pa kayendedwe ka glycemic komanso kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi a odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti ngati muyeza kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated 8-10 pa tsiku, imatha kusungidwa bwino.

Tsoka ilo, palibe deta yotere yokhudza odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, koma sizingatheke kuti kuyeza kosalekeza kungapangitse vutoli, mwina, kumakhalabe bwino.

Zomwe zimayambitsa imfa kuchokera ku matenda a shuga a mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2

Zachidziwikire kuti anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti zovuta za matenda ashuga zimakhala zowawa komanso nthawi zonse. Zomwe takambirana pamwambapa zimakhudza zovuta zina. Tsopano tiwona kwambiri zovuta. Pali mitundu iwiri yotere:

Hypoglycemia ndi chikomokere zimachitika chifukwa cha shuga m'magazi.
Hyperglycemia ndi chikomokere - shuga ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Palinso comerosmolar coma, yomwe imapezeka kwambiri mwa okalamba, koma masiku ano izi sizachilendo. Komabe, zimapangitsanso kuti wodwalayo afe.

Mutha kugwa mu vuto la hypoglycemic mukamwa mowa, ndipo milandu ngati imeneyi imakhala yofala. Chifukwa chake, mowa ndi chida chowopsa cha matenda ashuga ndipo ndikofunikira kupewa kumwa, makamaka chifukwa mutha kukhala ndi moyo popanda iwo.

Kuledzera, munthu sangathe kuzindikira bwinobwino vutolo ndikuzindikira zizindikiro zoyambirira za hypoglycemia. Omwe ali pafupi angangoganiza kuti munthu wamwa kwambiri ndipo samachita chilichonse. Zotsatira zake, mutha kuiwala ndikuyamba kugwa.

Munthawi imeneyi, munthu amatha kugona usiku wonse, ndipo munthawi imeneyi zinthu zidzasintha mu ubongo zomwe sizingabwezeretsedwe. Tikulankhula za edema yam'mimba, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatha ndiimfa.

Ngakhale madotolo amatha kuchotsa wodwalayo pachiwonetsero, palibe chitsimikizo kuti maluso ake am'maganizo ndi oyendetsa galimoto abwerera kwa munthuyo. Mutha kusintha kukhala "masamba" omwe amangokhala ozizira.

Ketoacidosis

Kukula kosalekeza kwamlingo wama glucose, komwe kumapitilira kwa nthawi yayitali, kungapangitse kudzikundikira mu ubongo ndi ziwalo zina za thupi zamafuta a oxidation - ma acetones ndi matupi a ketone. Vutoli limadziwika kuti matenda ashuga ketoacidosis.

Ketoacidosis ndi owopsa kwambiri, ma ketones ndi oopsa kwambiri ku ubongo wa munthu. Masiku ano, madokotala aphunzira kuthana ndi chiwonetserochi. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zilipo zodziletsa, mutha kupewa izi.

Kupewa ketoacidosis kumakhala kumayezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuwunika mkodzo pafupipafupi chifukwa cha acetone pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zoyeserera. Munthu aliyense ayenera kusankha yekha zoyenera kuchita. Kupatula apo, matenda ashuga ndizosavuta kupewa kuposa kulimbana ndi zovuta zanga moyo wanga wonse.

Kodi matenda ashuga amatsogolera kuimfa

Anthu ambiri sachepetsa kukula kwa matenda ngati matenda ashuga. Amanyalanyaza malangizo a madokotala okhudza kufunika kokhala ndi zakudya zoyenera, kuwonjezera masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikumwa mankhwala apadera ochepetsa shuga. Odwala ambiri sakudziwa ngati zingatheke kufa ndi matenda ashuga. Koma nthendayi imawonedwa ngati yachitatu padziko lapansi ponena zaimfa. Pakutha, monga lamulo, si matenda omwewo omwe amatsogolera, koma zovuta zomwe zimayamba ndi kupitirira kwa shuga.

Zomwe zimayambitsa imfa

Ndi matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakwera. Malingana ngati kuchuluka kwake kumasungidwa mwachizolowezi, palibe mavuto. Koma ndi shuga wambiri, kuwonongeka kwake m'mitsempha yamagazi kumawonetsedwa. Mapangidwe a atherosulinotic amapezeka m'makutuwo, ndipo lumen yam'mimba imatsekeka.

Mu matenda a shuga, chiwopsezo cha kupita patsogolo kwa mtima wama pathologies amachulukitsa katatu. Matenda a mtima komanso mikwingwirima ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kupha odwala matenda ashuga. Mutha kupewa imfa ngati simunyalanyaza malangizo a dokotala.

Koma mavuto a mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi siwo okha omwe amafa.

Ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, mutha kufa chifukwa chotukuka:

nephropathy (kuwonongeka kwa impso),
vuto la mtima
angina pectoris ndi ischemia.

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Kodi chimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ndi chiyani? Zina mwa zifukwa zazikulu zotchedwa:

kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira komanso kupezeka kwa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi matenda (mwachitsanzo, chifuwa chachikulu),
chitukuko cha matenda ashuga nephropathy,
kuwoneka kwa kulephera kwa chiwindi chifukwa chophwanya njira yopanga insulin ndi kapamba komanso chifukwa chosowa yankho lokwanira la chiwindi kwa insulin,
kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya ndi kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone mthupi: zoyipa zawo zimakhala zakupha,
neuropathy (kukulira kwa kufalikira kwa zikhumbo za mitsempha) ndi minyewa yam'mitsempha yoyambitsa matenda.

Mavutowa amatenga nthawi yayitali. Odwala ambiri amadziwa mavuto awo, koma amanyalanyaza kufunika kwa chithandizo chamankhwala.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga samwalira kokha chifukwa cha matendawa. Imfa imapezekanso pamene:

ketoacidosis: mankhwala apakatikati amafuta amawonongeka m'magazi; pakapanda chithandizo, matendawa amakumana ndi matenda a shuga a ketoacidotic.
hypoglycemia: kuchepa kwambiri kwa magazi m'magazi,
Hypersmolar coma: yodziwika ndi kuchepa mphamvu kwa thupi motsutsana ndi maziko a hyperglycemia,
lactic acidosis: kuwonjezeka kwa lactic acid m'maola ochepa kumabweretsa kukula kwa chikomokere ndi kufa.

Kuzindikira kwakanthawi kumapereka mwayi wopulumutsidwa. Koma muzochitika zina, mwachitsanzo, ndi lactic acidosis, ngakhale chithandizo chapanthawi yake chitha kukhala chosagwira. Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa momwe angapewerere zovuta za matenda ashuga.

Kupewa Kwa Imfa

Mutha kuletsa kukula kwa zovuta zomwe tafotokozazi ngati mumayang'anitsitsa momwe mulili ndikuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi acetone mumkodzo.

Mwachitsanzo, kufa kuchokera ku hypoglycemia nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi mowa. Odwala oledzera samakonda kuwona zizindikiro za shuga wochepa. Zotsatira zake, amagwa kukomoka ndikufa.

Ketoacidosis ndimavuto owopsa a matenda ashuga. Matupi a Ketone ndi acetone amadziunjikira tiziwalo tathupi ndikuti timayambitsa poizoni. Koma powunikira nthawi zonse, ndizotheka kupewa ketoacidosis. Ndi chiwonjezero chochepa cha kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone, munthu amamva kufooka.

Popewa ketoacidosis, shuga amayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuyang'ana nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mupeze mkodzo pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zapadera. Ngati matendawo akuipiraipira, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti akupatseni mankhwala ochepetsa.

Ngati kulephera kwa impso kwakhudzana ndi maziko a matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amafunikira dialysis. Kulephera kutsatira njirayi ndi koopsa. Mutha kupulumutsidwa ngati mukulitsa impso yopereka. Sizotheka nthawi zonse kuzindikira nephropathy munthawi yake: Zizindikiro za matendawo zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono.

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kufa mu shuga ndi neuropathy. Kukula kwake kumatsimikiziridwa ndi:

dzanzi la miyendo
"Kugunditsa" zala,
kukokana
kufooka kwa minofu
envesis
chizungulire
kupweteka kwa minofu.

Chingwe cha msana chimawongolera mayendedwe onse, koma chifukwa cha shuga wambiri, dongosolo lamanjenje lamkati limasokonekera. Kulephera pa ntchito ya minofu ndi ziwalo kumayambira: izi zimawonjezera mwayi wa kufa kanayi.

Hypersmolar chikomokere ndimazidziwitso osowa kwambiri. Kwa odwala, kuyankhula kumasokonezeka, kupweteka kumawonekera, kupuwala kwa minofu kumachitika. Hypersmolar chikomayi chimayamba kukomoka. Kusamalidwa munthawi yachipatala kumatha kupulumutsa wodwalayo.

Ziwerengero zachisoni

Mutha kudziwa momwe kumwalira ndi matenda ashuga ngati mutha kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa kufa.

Pafupifupi 65% ya odwala matenda ashuga omwe amadalira insulin amafa chifukwa cha mavuto amtima kapena a mtima. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, amafa pazifukwa izi amapezeka 35% ya milandu. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mwayi wotsika wopulumuka vuto la mtima kuposa anthu ena. Masamba awo achilonda ndi ochulukirapo.

Imfa mwa odwala imachitika osati kokha chifukwa cha vuto la mtima. Zina zamitsempha yama mtima komanso zam'mimba zimaperekanso imfa:

atherosulinotic zotupa za ziwongo,
matenda oopsa, momwe kupanikizika kumakhala kwakukulu,
kusokoneza magazi mu ziwiya zaubongo.

Ngati wodwala matenda ashuga samvera madokotala, koma akupitilizabe kusuta, osanyalanyaza kufunika kochita zolimbitsa thupi, amakhala ndi nkhawa nthawi zonse, ndiye kuti kufa kumawonjezeka.

Anapezeka kuti ayesa kuti matenda ashuga enieniwo amakhudza myocardium. Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa matendawa, kuchuluka kwa minofu yamtima kumachepa.

Koma polembetsa imfa, monga lamulo, chifukwa chake chimawonetsedwa. Ngati wodwalayo adamwalira ndi vuto la mtima, ndiye chifukwa chomwe chasonyezedwere kukayezetsa kuchipatala. Sipadzakhala mawu onena za matenda ashuga mkati mwake.

Matenda a mtima komanso chiopsezo cha matenda a shuga

Kusintha kwachilengedwe m'matumbo mwa odwala omwe akudziwa kale matendawa amapezeka pafupifupi milandu 100%. Cholinga cha izi ndikutheka koyamba kwa njira za atherosulinotic ali aang'ono ndi matenda ashuga 1 komanso njira yayikulu yokhala ndi matenda a shuga 2.

Atherosulinosis mu shuga ndi yachilengedwe mwachilengedwe ndipo mofanananso imakhudza azimayi ndi abambo. Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi atherosulinosis ndi infarction ya myocardial, pachimake ischemia kapena matenda am'mimba, gangrene ya m'munsi malekezero.

Kulowerera kwa minofu yamtima mwa odwala matenda a shuga kumachitika kangapo ka 3-5 mwinanso kuposa anthu ena onse. Chipatala chake, monga lamulo, ndi chizindikiro chotsika, chopanda matenda opweteka, omwe amachititsa kuti azindikire mochedwa komanso ndi omwe amafa kwambiri chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Njira yamatenda a matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ali ndi izi:

Chotupa chachikulu.
Nthawi zambiri imalowa mkati mwa khoma lonse la myocardium.
Kubwezeretsanso kumachitika.
Mitundu ikuluikulu yokhala ndi vuto labwino.
Nthawi yayitali yochira.
Zofooka zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe.

Kufa kwakukulu kwa matenda ashuga, kuphatikiza ndi myocardial infarction, kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta mu mawonekedwe a mtima wam'magazi, kumangidwa kwadzidzidzi kwamtima, kukhazikika kwa aneurysm, pulmonary edema ndi arrhythmia.

Kuphatikiza pa kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial, odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la mtima, coronary thrombosis, komanso matenda oopsa kwambiri. Iwo, monga lamulo, amatsogolera ku zovuta zophatikizika, zophatikizika zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira zothandizira kukonzanso matenda a mtima zibwerere.

Pofotokoza zifukwa zomwe zotupa zotupa zimapezekera ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda osokoneza bongo, zinthu zingapo zimatchedwa: kuwopsa kwa hyperglycemia, kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi, kuwonjezeka kwa insulin.

Ngati muli ndi zizolowezi zoipa monga kusuta fodya, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono, komanso kudya mafuta ambiri, chiwopsezo cha kufa msanga m'magazi a shuga chikukula.

Zolemba Pathology

Matenda a shuga amachititsa kuti ziwalo zina zisagwire bwino ntchito. Kuwonjezeka kwa insulini kumawononga magazi, mitsempha yamagazi, komanso ziwalo zina pambuyo pake. M'masiku amenewo pamene insulin sinapezekepo, anthu amatha kufa pambuyo pa zaka 2-3 za matenda. Mankhwala amakono amapereka mwayi kumwa insulin, zotsekemera, mankhwala apadera othandizira thanzi komanso kupewa zovuta.

Madokotala amafotokozera odwala kuti sizotheka kufa mwachindunji ndi matenda ashuga. Zomwe zimayambitsa imfa zimachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe matendawa amatenga. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga oposa 3 miliyoni amafa padziko lonse lapansi chaka chilichonse.

Odwala ophunzitsidwa bwino amayang'aniridwa ndi madokotala, amamwa mankhwala ndikutsatira zakudya zapadera. Ngati njirayi yayamba, ndikovuta kuyimitsa; kuchira kwathunthu ndikosatheka. Komabe, mpumulo ungatheke.

Ntchito yayikulu ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikupewa kuchuluka kwake. Mankhwala amakhala othandiza ngati shuga ya magazi ikugwirizana ndi milingo yabwinobwino. Ngati pali shuga wambiri, mankhwalawo amaleka kugwira ntchito.

Kukula kwa glucose kumabweretsa kusintha kosafunikira m'thupi la munthu:

mkhalidwe wamitsempha yamagazi ndi ma capillaries akuipiraipira,
dongosolo lamagazi silikuyenda bwino
miyendo yam'munsi imavutika (imodzi mwazovuta ndi phazi la matenda ashuga),
matenda amtima amayamba (ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga, chiwopsezo chikuwonjezeka ndi katatu).

Kusintha kotereku kumabweretsa zovuta.

Pankhani ya matenda ashuga, njira yamagazi imagwira ntchito bwino

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga umachitika chifukwa chopanga insulin. Izi zimabweretsa zovuta zolakwika mu thupi zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi ziwalo ndi machitidwe awo. Chithandizo chosafunikira kapena kusakhalapo kwake kumabweretsa imfa.

Mavutidwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka, ndipo amakhudza ziwalo zosiyanasiyana.

Matenda a mtima ndi ena mwa amodzi mwa odwala matenda ashuga. Amatsogolera magazi osayenda bwino m'maso, kuwonongeka kwa miyendo yam'munsi ndi kumtunda. Popewa zovuta zoterezi, ndikofunikira kuti aziyang'anira momwe mtima ndi mtsempha wamagazi ziliri.
Kukula kwa nephropathy ndikusinthanso kwa odwala. Nephropathy imatha kukhala matenda akulu: kulephera kwa impso. Kuperewera kwa mankhwalawa kuopseza imfa ya odwala matenda ashuga.
Myocardial infaration ndiye chomwe chimayambitsa kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, kufa mwadzidzidzi ndi matenda ashuga ndikotheka. Zovuta zakuzungulira zamagazi, kufooka kwa chitetezo chokwanira kumayambitsa kuphwanya kwa myocardial.
Ischemia ikhoza kupha.
Matenda a shuga ndi vuto lalikulu la matenda ashuga. Ndi phazi la matenda ashuga, kusokonezeka kwakukulu m'magazi komanso njira za metabolic zimachitika. Matendawa odwala matenda ashuga amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuphwanya khungu, komwe mtsogolomo kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa minyewa ndi minofu.

Matendawa omwe ali pamwambawa amawona kuti ndiowopsa kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Palinso zovuta zina zomwe sizowopsa, koma zimawonjezera moyo wa wodwala.

Type 2 shuga

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga umayamba mosiyanasiyana: ma cell ndi ziwalo sizingathe kuyenderana ndi insulin. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, thanzi loperewera. Zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa matenda a shuga pankhaniyi zimaphatikizidwanso ndi zovuta za matendawa.

Matenda a mtima nthawi zambiri amafa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe mtima ukugwirira ntchito.
Kutsitsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Chifukwa ichi chimagwirizanitsidwa ndikupanga ma pathologies osiyanasiyana. Kufooka kwamphamvu kwa chitetezo chathupi kumapangitsa chiwonetsero cha ma pathologies ndi kufa.
Kuchepa kwa minofu ya minofu kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa ntchito zamagalimoto. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kukanika kwa patali kuchokera ku mitsempha mpaka kumapeto.
Kuphwanya njira za metabolic kumakhalanso koopsa. Ndi zolephera zotere, matupi a ketone amadziunjikira m'magazi ndi ziwalo. Thupi limakhala pachiwopsezo chodana ndi poizoni nthawi zonse. Ndi kukula kwa kusintha kwa matenda, kufa kumatha kuchitika.
Matenda a diabetes a nephropathy amagwirizananso ndi vuto lalikulu la impso. Kuperewera kwa mankhwalawa kumabweretsa kulephera kwambiri kwaimpso. Zikatero, kufalikira kwa ziwalo kumakhala kovomerezeka, chifukwa popanda izi munthu amakhala atachotsedwa.

Ndi matenda 2 a shuga, mutha kufa ndi matenda amtima

Matenda a shuga a Type 2 amadziwika kuti ndi oopsa kwambiri, chifukwa amakhudza mitsempha yonse ya magazi. Zingwe ndi ziwalo sizilandira michere ndi okosijeni, motero kusintha kwa necrotic kumayamba msanga.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza matendawa

Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kufa chimawonedwa mwa akazi pa gawo 1 la kusintha kwa ma pathological. Imfa ndiopseza makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda amtima.

M'zaka za zana la 21 ,imfa pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amakhalabe apamwamba kwambiri. Thupi limawonongeka pang'onopang'ono, chitetezo chokwanira chimafooka msanga, popeza glucose simalowa m'maselo ndipo amachokera ku minofu yathanzi. Njirayi singathe kuyimitsidwa, koma kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi pafupipafupi, kufunsira mafunso ndi mayeso azachipatala kumathandiza kupewa zovuta komanso kukhala ndi moyo wokalamba.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda nthawi zambiri umapezeka mwa achinyamata. Matendawa amachititsa kuti insulin isathe. Matenda a shuga amati kudalira insulin. Zizindikiro zake chachikulu ndi ludzu losatha, kumva kwamphamvu kwa njala ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Ngati malingaliro azachipatala akatsatiridwa, kukhululukidwa kungatheke.

Matenda a 2 a shuga amapezeka kawirikawiri m'mayendedwe ashuga. Amakula pambuyo pa zaka 40 ngati ali onenepa kwambiri. Zikondazo zimatulutsa insulini pang'ono, koma sikokwanira kuti uzingidwa kwathunthu. Glucose amadziunjikira m'magazi ndipo samalowa m'maselo. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa malingaliro azachipatala kokha komwe kungapewe kukula kwa zovuta.

Chiyembekezo chamoyo wa mtundu woyamba wa shuga chitha kufika zaka 60-70. Nthawi zambiri, kuzindikira kwakanthawi kumathandiza kupewa kukhumudwa kwa munthu komanso kumathandiza kusunga mbali zina za moyo wake. Ndi zaka, mawonekedwe a mavuto ndi mtima wamtima, impso, motero, chiopsezo chaimfa chikuwonjezeka.

Chiyembekezo chamoyo wodwala matenda a shuga chimatengera umunthu wa thupi. Nthawi yomweyo, njira yodziwika bwino yothandizira matenda a endocrine imawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wautali. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za boma, iwo omwe amadalira insulin amakhala zaka 5, koma matendawa ndi akulu ndipo amamulemala.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Imfa Yadzidzidzi

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa momwe zovuta zimayambira, momwe njira zina zopangira matenda zimayambira, komanso zomwe zingayambitse kufa ndi matenda ashuga.

Kulephera kwa mtima. Matenda a shuga komanso kulephera kwa mtima kumatha kupha.
Kulephera kwa chiwindi. Kusokonezeka kwa Endocrine, kupanga insulini mosayenera komanso kusowa kwa chiwindi choyenera kumapangitsa kuti chiwongoleredwe cha zochita za metabolic. Zotsatira zake, matenda owopsa a chiwindi amakula.
Kulephera kwamkati mu gawo lachiwonetsero kumakhalanso koopsa. Anthu ambiri odwala ali ndi vuto la impso. Mavuto akulu a impso ndi owopsa.
Matenda a shuga. Mitundu ikuluikulu ya kuphatikizika kumeneku imaperekanso kuimfa.

Kulephera kwamkaka kumatha kubweretsa mwadzidzidzi matenda ashuga

Nthawi zambiri, matenda a shuga amayamba matenda a mtima, ndipo chachiwiri cha matenda, anthu amafa 65%, oyamba - 35%. Akazi nthawi zambiri amafa. Nthawi yayitali ya kufa mwa akazi ndi zaka 65, mwa amuna - 50.

Momwe mungatalikitsire moyo ndi matenda ashuga?

Kuwongolera kwa glucose tsiku lililonse ndikofunikira, chifukwa kuchuluka kwadzidzidzi mu shuga kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwamitsempha yamagazi, kusokonezeka kwa metabolic. Ndizotheka kuwonjezera moyo kwa zaka zingapo, ndipo ngakhale kukalamba, ngati wodwalayo akumvetsetsa kukula kwa matendawa ndipo salola kuti ichoke.

Onetsetsani kuti mwatsata njira zotsatirazi zodzitetezera kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino:

yang'anirani shuga
Imwani mankhwala omwe adokotala adakupatsani,
Pewani kuchuluka kwa manjenje ndi kukhumudwa chifukwa akumakulirakulira ndikukulitsa matendawa.
Muzisamala zakudya zoyenera komanso zizolowezi za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi nkhawa komanso kutaya mtima. Komabe, aliyense amene ali ndi mtundu wopitilira 1 kapena 2 wa shuga ayenera kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi ndikutsatira upangiri wachipatala kupewa zovuta ndi kufa msanga.

Matenda Asemva

Imfa mu matenda ashuga ndi imfa chifukwa cha zovuta zake. Amayambitsidwa ndi shuga wamagazi ambiri. Kuledzera kumalowa mkati - poyizoni wa chamoyo chonse, kuphatikiza ndi kudziunjikira kwa poizoni - matupi a ketone ndi acetone. Poona izi, zovuta zambiri zimayamba. Chifukwa chake, ntchito yayikulu ya odwala matenda ashuga ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mavuto omwe amadza chifukwa cha matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba (akaphwanya ntchito ya maselo apakhungu omwe amapanga insulin) ndi osiyana ndi zovuta za matenda a shuga 2 (kapamba amatsutsana ndimatenda a insulin, koma thupi silingathe kuyamwa mwachizolowezi). Tiyeni tiwalingalire pa tebulo.

Kutumphukira kwamanjenje dongosolo

kufalikira kwa magazi m'diso, impso, m'munsi mwake.

Zozungulira, zamkati,

khungu, mucous nembanemba

Diabetes ketoocytosis (imodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kufa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga)

neuropathy - minyewa

retinopathy - njira ya m'mitsempha ya maso, nthawi zina imabweretsa khungu,

kuphwanya kwathunthu njira ya maselo kagayidwe - osmosis,

kufooka chitetezo chokwanira - atengeke matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo.

Tifotokoza za zovuta zowopsa pang'ono pambuyo pake, koma pakadali pano tiyeni tipite ku ziwerengero.

Ziwerengero

Tiyeni tiwone matendawa kudzera m'mawerengero:

Mdziko lapansi pakuwoneka kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa odwala matenda a shuga. Poyerekeza: 422 miliyoni mu 2014 ndi 108 miliyoni mu 1980.
Matendawa amafala kwambiri mmaiko omwe ali ndi pakati komanso moyo wotsika.
Cholinga chachikulu cha khungu lathunthu, kudula miyendo, matenda a mtima, stroko, komanso kulephera kwa impso ndi matenda a shuga.
Tiyeni tisunthiretu pakufa kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Mu 2012, anthu 3.7 miliyoni omwe amwalira ndi matenda a shuga anajambulidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, anthu 1.5 miliyoni adamwalira mwachindunji, ndipo 2,2 miliyoni - kuchokera kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Mu 2030, matenda ashuga akuyembekezeredwa kukhala chifukwa chachisanu ndi chiwiri chotsogolera padziko lapansi.
Vuto lodziwika bwino ndimatenda amtima (35% yaimfa mu shuga 1, 65% mu shuga 2).
Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira zakupha zimalembedwa mwa akazi.
Avereji ya zaka zakufa za abambo ndi zaka 50, akazi - zaka 65.
Ndi infalction ya myocardial, mwayi wopulumuka wodwala matenda ashuga umakhala wocheperapo katatu kuposa mwa munthu yemwe samadwala.
Mavuto onse omwe amapha amachedwetsedwa kapena kulepheretsa kumwa mankhwala, kutsatira zakudya, kapena kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Imfa mwadzidzidzi matenda ashuga

Zotsatira zakupha za matenda ashuga nthawi iliyonse zingapangitse:

kusowa zolimbitsa thupi,
zochitika zopsinja nthawi zonse
kumwa mowa
kusuta
kukana kwambiri kwa thupi kupita ku insulin ya mahomoni.

Imfa yamwadzidzidzi ya matenda ashuga ngati ali ndi zovuta zotsatirazi:

kuphwanya ma cell kagayidwe - wotchedwa matenda ashuga ketoacidosis,
matenda a mtima
osiyanasiyana mtima maselo, mwachitsanzo, atherosulinosis,
nephropathy
chitetezo chofooka kwambiri - munthu amafa chifukwa chakuti thupi lake silingathe kulimbana ndi mavairasi olimba ndi matenda - fuluwenza, sinusitis, ndi zina zambiri.
matenda ashuga - pang'onopang'ono,
Hyperosmolar (kuchuluka kwadzidzidzi m'magazi a glucose).

Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tisunthiretu. Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa matenda ashuga.

Matenda a mtima

Mulingo wambiri wa insulin m'magazi umatsutsa kukula kwa coronary atherosulinosis, matenda a mtima. Ndizotsatira izi zomwe zingayambitse imfa kuchokera ku matenda ashuga.

Ndi matenda amtima, tsoka, zotsatira zakupha zimatha mwadzidzidzi.Chifukwa chake, ndikofunika kuganizira mofatsa za zotsatirazi zomwe zingawonekere milungu ingapo lisanafike tsoka:

kuwonongeka kwa machitidwe ndi thanzi,
kulimbikira kupweteka mumtima.

Tsoka ilo, ziwopsezo zakufa kuchokera ku matenda a shuga mdziko lapansi sizikuchepa, komanso zikuchulukirachulukira. Komabe, izi sizitanthauza kuti matenda ashuga ndi chilango cha imfa. Mukatsatira malangizo a dokotala, zovuta sizingachedwetsa, komanso kupewa.