Mtundu woyamba wa shuga mu ana ndi achinyamata

Nthawi yamakono imafunikira njira zaposachedwa kwambiri pochizira matenda. Matenda a Type 1 a shuga, ndi amodzi mwazovuta zomwe zimafuna kupitiliza njira zamankhwala, kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matendawa kukukulirakulira. Asayansi ndi madokotala padziko lonse lapansi akuyesera kulingalira momwe angasinthire moyo wa odwala oterewa ndi kuwonjezera moyo wawo.
Popeza kuti ana ambiri ali ndi matendawa, ntchito yofunika yothetsa vutoli ndikupititsa patsogolo kayendedwe ka glycemic pagulu lino. Izi sizoyenera kuchuluka kwa glucose m'mwazi, komanso thanzi la mwana, moyo wake wosinthasintha komanso kukhoza kuchita chilichonse chomwe chikuwayerekeza ndi anzawo athanzi.

Chithandizo chachikhalidwe cha matenda amtundu 1 chimakhala kudzera mu jakisoni wa insulin. Mankhwalawa amakhutiritsa odwala ambiri, ndipo safunikira kusintha. Komabe, pali ana omwe amaika zofuna zapamwamba pa moyo wawo ndipo amafuna kusintha zina. Kwa iwo, pali chithandizo ndi pampu ya insulini, yomwe ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri yopezera mphamvu ya shuga m'magazi.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga mu ana - ma genetic

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga umakhala woyenererana ngati multifactorial, matenda a polygenic, chifukwa onse majini komanso osakhala ndi majini omwe amakhudzana amatsimikiziridwa mu pathogenesis yake.

Matendawa ndi a polygenic chifukwa kutha kwa matenda kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyanjana kwa majini angapo kapena majini. Kuopsa kwa matendawa kumatenda a multifactorial ndi polygenic cholowa ndikovuta kuchipeza, ndipo ndizosatheka kuchita izi makamaka ngati ndili ndi matenda ashuga 1. Odwala omwe ali ndi matendawa ali ndi mitundu yofananira yophatikiza anthu athanzi. Pali odwala ochepa omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi achibale omwe akudwala matendawa, komabe, ndiye kuti matendawa sangadziwike. Mwana yemwe ali ndi abale ake omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda kuposa anthu omwe alibe mbiri yodwala.

Chithandizo cha matenda amtundu wa shuga 1 kwa mwana

Dongosolo la mankhwalawa liyenera kukhazikitsidwa payekhapayekha kuti athe kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa matenda a shuga, kutengera zaka, ntchito, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kukhalapo kwa zovuta, matenda okhudzana, chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha mwana. Kusamalidwa moyenera kwa odwala akuluakulu kuyenera kutsogolera kukwaniritsa zolinga zamankhwala, mwa ana ndi achinyamata akuyenera kuwonedwa kuti akwaniritse chindapusa malinga ndi mgwirizano.

Dongosolo la chithandizo ndikuphatikizapo:

Malangizo a zakudya zanu
Malangizo pazakusintha kwamoyo (zolimbitsa thupi),
kulangiza odwala ndi mabanja awo (makamaka pankhani ya matenda a shuga kwa mwana),
kukhazikitsa zolinga zochizira ndi kuphunzitsa odwala za kudziletsa (kuphatikizapo kusintha kwa regimen),
mankhwala a matenda ashuga ndi matenda ena achilendo,
chisamaliro cham'maganizo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 1.

Mankhwala omwe samapangidwira a matenda ashuga mwa mwana

Fomuyi ndi gawo limodzi lothandiza pochiza matendawa kuphatikizapo matenda a shuga 1. Amatanthauzira ngati njira yoletsa, i.e. kusankha ntchito zolimbitsa thupi zoyenera, komanso zoletsa zakudya, zomwe zimasankhidwa payekha, poganizira zaka, machitidwe ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ndi kuwongolera koyenera kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 omwe samanenepa kwambiri, komanso omwe ali ndi chithandizo chokwanira cha insulini chakudya chamunthu aliyense (chakudya cholamulidwa). Kwa mwana wonenepa kwambiri, ndikofunika kupangira njira izi kuti kukwaniritsa mphamvu zamagetsi kumapangitsa kuti muchepetse thupi. Gawo lofunika kwambiri la njira zopanda mankhwala ndi maphunziro omwe odwala amawona.

Chithandizo cha mwana wodwala matenda ashuga

Kwa matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, mankhwala ayenera kuperekedwa nthawi yomweyo. Muli ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin, makamaka masiku angapo Mlingo wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse. Mlingo uyenera kusankhidwa mwanjira yoti athe kutsitsa pang'ono m'magazi a shuga, omwe amayenera kuwunika mwadongosolo. Kukula kwa hypoglycemia koyambira ndikosayenera. Milandu yayikulu (glucose, ketoacidosis), ndikofunikira kuchiritsa mwana kuchipatala pogwiritsa ntchito insulin mosalekeza mwamphamvu ndi hydrate motsutsana ndi malamulo othandizira odwala matenda ashuga. Mwana wodwala matenda ashuga m'matimu athu nthawi zina amafunika kuthandizidwa ndi insulin. Pambuyo pakupeza zotsatira zogwira mtima mu mbiri ya glycemic, mankhwalawo amasamutsidwa kupita ku imodzi mwazosankha zowonjezera insulin, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mlingo umodzi wa insulin yayitali usiku, nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi insulin yothamanga, yoyendetsedwa musanadye. Mankhwala othandizira, kuphatikiza ma insulin okhala ndi nthawi yosiyanasiyana yochita, amasankhidwa payekha kuti agwirizane bwino ndi mtundu wa matenda ashuga ndi mwana wodwala, zizolowezi zake, zochitika ndi zaka ndipo, nthawi yomweyo, zimabweretsa chindapusa chabwino kwambiri cha matendawa.

Zoyambitsa matenda a shuga ana

Matenda a shuga m'magazi a ana amayamba chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa metabolic, koma makina awo ali ofanana: zisumbu za Langerhans, zomwe zimayambitsa insulini zofunikira kuti glucose azikhala, azifa nthawi ndikusiya kukwaniritsa ntchito zawo.

Nthawi zingapo, matenda a shuga amayamba pambuyo pa matenda opatsirana, popeza chitetezo cha mwana, cholimbana ndi matendawa, chimakakamizidwa kuti chikuwopseze ndi maselo ake.

Pali umboni kuti cholimbikitsa cha matenda osokoneza bongo mwa mwana ndi:

chibadwa
mantha, kupsinjika,
kunenepa kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri.

Pambuyo pobadwa, khanda liyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, kulemera, kutalika kwa chiwonetsero kumasonyezedwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, ikani mayeso pafupipafupi, amathandiza dokotala kuwunika momwe thanzi la mwana limakhalira mosiyanasiyana m'moyo wake. Pamaso pa zinthu zomwe zikukulitsa, mwana amawunikiridwa pafupipafupi, zomwe sizingaphonye chiyambi cha matenda. Chomwe chikukulitsa mwina ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira odwala kapena m'modzi mwa iwo.

Mwana akakhala wonenepa kwambiri, amakhala moyo wongokhala, amamuwonetsa kuti amupeza ndi endocrinologist kuti apewe kuyipa kwa hyperglycemia. Dotoloyo akuvomereza kuti zizikhalanso zovuta kuzizira, kuchepetsa kudya kwambiri, kupanga zochita zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zingakwanitse zaka, komanso kuthekera kwa mwana. Njira zosavuta zotere zimathandizira kubweretsa kagayidweko mu boma logwirizana, ndipo imakhala kupewa matenda ashuga.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti m'moyo wa mwana nthawi zina amakhala ovuta. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zimapezeka pazaka zapakati pa 6 ndi 6, zaka 12 mpaka 15.

Ndiye kuti, mwana wazaka zitatu samakhala ndi matenda mosavuta kuposa mwana wazaka 5.

Mawonetsero oyamba a matenda a shuga kwa ana

Phunziro likawonetsa kuchuluka kwambiri, pamakhala chiwopsezo chowonjezereka chakuti mwana ali ndi matenda ashuga. Ngati pali zoopsa, magazi amaperekedwa kwa shuga kamodzi pachaka chilichonse, koma bwino nthawi zambiri.

Ngakhale kuyezetsa magazi kusanachitike, makolo angaganize kuti mwana ali ndi matenda ashuga chifukwa cha zizindikiro zake. Matendawa kumayambiriro amadziwika ndi kutopa mosazolowereka, ludzu lalikulu, kuyanika kunja kwa khungu, nembanemba. Type 1 shuga mellitus imadzetsa kuchepa kwambiri kwa thupi, kuwoneka bwino.

Chizindikiro chilichonse chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chakuti ndi hyperglycemia, mitsempha yamagazi ndi ziwalo zamkati zimakhudzidwa makamaka, zimakhala zovuta kuti thupi likhale ndi mawonekedwe a kuledzera kwathunthu. Ngati chizindikiro chimodzi kapena zitatu kapena zingapo zikudzipangitsa kumva, zimafunsidwa kukafunsidwa kwa dotolo, dokotala wabanja, kapena endocrinologist.

Kuti mupeze matenda, muyenera kukayezetsa magazi:

Nthawi zambiri zitsanzo zamagazi zimachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, zotulukazo ziyenera kukhala pafupifupi 4.6 mmol / l,
mutatha kudya, manambala amachulukitsa ndi mfundo 8-10.

Gulu la matenda

Kukula kwa matendawa mu ana ndi akulu nthawi zambiri kumawunikidwa ndi madigiri. Pa digiri yoyamba, glycemia sapitirira 8 mmol / l, samasintha masana, glucosuria imakhala pafupifupi 20 g / l, chithandizo sichofunikira, nthawi zina kudya koyenera kumakhala kokwanira.

Digiri yachiwiri imakhala ndi gawo la glycemia lofika 14 mmol / l m'mawa, ndipo glucosuria siwotalika kuposa 40 g / l, wodwalayo amakulitsa ketosis, amawonetsedwa jakisoni wa insulin, mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Ndi digiri yachitatu, shuga amabwera mpaka 14 mmol / l ndikukwera, masana chizindikirochi chikuyenda. Glucosuria - osachepera 50 g / l, ketosis imachitika, akuwonetsedwa kuti nthawi zonse amaba jakisoni.

Matenda a shuga ali ndi mitundu iwiri yayikulu, komanso mitundu ingapo, amadziwika ndi pathogenis yawo ndi etiology. Chifukwa chake, matendawa amasiyanitsidwa:

Mtundu 1 (wodwala matenda a shuga). Ndi iyo, kusowa kwa insulini kungakhale kokwanira, kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo a pancreatic, kumafunikira kulowetsedwa kwa insulin,
Mitundu iwiri (yopanda insulin yodziyimira payokha). Poterepa, timadzi timene timapangidwa, koma minyewa yathupi yake imasokonekera, samalandira insulin. Pakufunika kumwa mankhwala kuti muchepetse shuga.

Kodi kuchiritsa?

Mu 98% ya milandu, ana amakhala ndi mtundu wa matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, pomwepo sangathe kuchiritsidwa kwamuyaya.

Maselo a pancreatic pamenepa sangathe kupanga insulini yokwanira, motero ndikofunikira kuti abwezenso.

Wodwala ayenera kulandira insulin ndi jekeseni wokhazikika.

Chofunikira kwambiri pazachipatala ndikuwonetsetsa kuti shuga ali ndi magazi ngati miyeso ilipo:

mutha kusungitsa glycemia pamlingo wovomerezeka,
potero kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta.

Makolo ayenera kukhala okonzekera kuyambika kwa zovuta kwambiri zomwe zimachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda ashuga. Choopsa kwambiri mwaiwo ndi kuperewera kwa magazi (hypoglycemic coma), zimachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a kutsika kwamphamvu kwa shuga m'magazi. Mwana akhoza kugwera munthawi imeneyi nthawi iliyonse. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuganizira za zakudya zomwe sizimaphatikizira kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Mwana akayamba kuyenda, ayenera kutenga zakudya zazakudya pakati pa chakudya.

Mfundo ina yofunika ndi kudya mokwanira. Dokotala amasankha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, kuyambira zakudya zomwe mwana amadya, chakudya chimatha kukhala ndi mphamvu zingapo. Maziko oyesa zinthu zamatenda a shuga ndi gawo la mkate (XE). Dokotala yemwe amawona mwana amapatsa makolo zinthu zomwe zimafotokoza kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili mgulitsi mwachitsanzo:

3 XE - supuni 6 za oatmeal,
9 XE - iyi ndi supuni 9 za phala (mu mawonekedwe owuma).

Hyperglycemia imadzetsa chiwopsezo ku moyo wa anthu, ndi izo, patatha theka la zaka zakumwa, mkhalidwe wamitsempha yamagazi, ziwalo zofunika zamkati zimawipira.

Hyperglycemia ikachitika pafupipafupi, ndikofunikira kubwereza kuchuluka kwa insulin, chomwe chingakhale chifukwa chake matenda a shuga sangachiritsidwe.

Zina zomwe muyenera kuziganizira

Kuphatikiza pa kukhalabe ndi moyo wina, womwe umakhazikitsidwa ndi zakudya zapadera, masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso mankhwala a insulin, ndikofunikira kuyesedwa ndi madokotala ndikumayesedwa. Mukanyalanyaza lingaliro ili, matenda a shuga amakhudza ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe ake: mitsempha yamagazi, khungu, mtima, chiwindi, maso.

Madokotala amapereka upangiri kuti ayang'anire zaukhondo, kuwunika khungu, makamaka mkhalidwe wa mapazi a mwana. Posemphana ndi metabolism ya carbohydrate, mabala nthawi zambiri amadzuka omwe samachiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali, amafunika kuyesedwa ndi dokotala wa opaleshoni. Osachepera kawiri pachaka, zikuwonetsedwa kuti upange upangiri:

Tikafunsidwa ngati ndizotheka kuchiritsa mwana m'matenda a shuga, palibe yankho lenileni. Zotsatira zabwino zimatheka ngati chithandizo cha matenda amtundu 2 chikuyambira pomwepo. Nthawi zina, ndizotheka kuthana ndi matenda amtunduwu komanso m'malo ovuta kwambiri.

Mwana akakhala ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, amamuwonetsa mankhwala a insulini okhalitsa, njira yokhayo yokwaniratu ndi moyo. Mitundu yoyambitsidwa ya matendawa imafuna kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.

Kodi matenda a shuga angachiritsidwe ndi njira zachikhalidwe? Inde, koma malinga ndi mgwirizano ndi dokotala. Komabe, mwana akakhala ndi fomu yodalira insulin, mankhwala a shuga ndiofunikira.

Kuchita bwino kwa zinthu zomwe zimatengedwa kumatengera zinthu zingapo:

mtundu wa matenda ashuga
zaka za mwana (jenda zilibe kanthu),
kupereka malangizo pakukonzekera,
gawo lomwe matendawa adapezeka.

Mwana akakhala ndi chibadwa chokhala ndi vuto la matenda ashuga ndipo makolo akudwala matenda a hyperglycemia, zimawonetsedwa kuyeza magazi m'thupi ndi glucometer ndikumayesedwa. Njira izi zimathandizira kukhazikitsa matenda kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko chake, ndipo chithandizo chithandizadi.

Chifukwa chake, kuli kovuta kuyankha funso ngati matenda a shuga angachiritsidwe, ngati mankhwala ena angathandize, ndikofunikira kulingalira mlandu wina.

Momwe mungapewere zovuta

Pali mwayi woletsa kukula kwa mtundu wonyalanyaza wa matendawa tikapatula zakudya za mwana zomwe zili zovulaza matenda ashuga komanso zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga:

nyama yamafuta, nsomba,
buledi, makeke, makeke, pasitala,
zipatso zokoma, mbatata, nyemba,
batala, mafuta anyama.

Ngati makolo amadziwa kuti mwana amakonda kuchulukitsa shuga, ayenera kuwunika zakudya zawo.

Ndi index yamagazi a 14 mmol / l, amafunika kupatsa mwana kuti adye m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, chakudya choyamba chiyenera kukhala choyenera. Zabwino paumoyo wa mwana zimawonekera mu masewera, ngakhale mphamvu pang'ono. Ngati gawo la glycemia ndilokwera kwambiri, zolimbitsa thupi ndizoletsedwa, zimatha kuvulaza.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi 6% ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi amakhala ndi matenda ashuga, ndipo mwatsoka, pali ana ambiri pakati pa odwala. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale shuga atachiritsidwa, funsoli ndilofunika kwambiri kuposa kale kwa ambiri.

Masiku ano, kupewa matenda a shuga kwa ana amisinkhu iliyonse kumapangidwa. Chimodzi mwazomwe akugwirira ntchito ndi zida zomwe zimathandizira kuti maselo a beta akhale ndi moyo ngati matendawo angoyamba kumene. Kutsatira lingaliro ili, ndikofunikira kuteteza kapamba kuti asawonongedwe ndi chitetezo chathupi.

Mu kanema mu nkhaniyi, Dr. Komarovsky akuwuzani zonse zokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga kwa ana.

Mfundo za insulin yothandizira matenda a shuga 1

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chimachitika ndi insulin ya anthu kapena mawonekedwe ake, pakukhazikitsa omwe ogwiritsa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chiwerengero cha Mlingo amasankhidwa mwanjira yoti apereke chiwongolero chapamwamba cha glycemic molingana ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa mwana.
Kukula kwa Mlingo wa munthu aliyense kuyenera kukhala kwa payekha kuti achepetse vuto la glycemic komanso nthawi yomweyo kukhalabe ndi phindu lokwanira. Mlingo uyenera kuwunikidwa pafupipafupi pamodzi ndi chithunzi cha odwala komanso kulemera kwake kwa thupi. Kuchulukirapo kawirikawiri kwa mwana wodwala mawonekedwe a matendawa ndi chizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwa insulin, yomwe imafunika kuunikanso. Monga lamulo, muzochitika zoterezi ndikofunikira kusankha mankhwalawa ochepera kwambiri a mankhwalawa.
Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwala kumatengera mtundu wa insulini, koma, kusankha kwa insulini regimen, maphunziro a odwala komanso mgwirizano.
Gawo lofunika kwambiri pa chisamaliro chachikulu ndi kukhazikitsa kudziletsa kwa glycemia, i.e. kuwunika kwa munthu m'magazi a glucose ndi mbiri ya glycemic.
Pankhani yolipira bwino matenda ashuga, omwe amayesedwa payekhapayekha (pamimba yopanda kanthu, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumapitilira 6.5 mmol / L kapena pambuyo chakudya - pamwamba pa 9 mmol / L ndi HbA1c pamwamba pa 5.3%), ndikofunikira kuwunika dongosolo la mankhwalawa (regimen miyeso, pharmacotherapy ) kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa.
Ndi chiphuphu chosakwanira, muyenera kuyesa chithandizo chachikhalidwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya insulini, kuphatikizapo mawonekedwe ake, ndikusankha kuphatikiza komwe kungakuyendetsereni mkhalidwe wa mwana.
Zotsatira zosakhutira za chithandizo chazomwe zili ndi chithandizo cha insulin komanso chindalama chokwanira cha matenda ashuga, chithandizo chogwiritsira ntchito insulin chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mikhalidwe yogwiritsira ntchito yakwaniritsidwa.
Mkhalidwe womwewo pobwezeretsa matenda amtundu wa 1 wodwala umatengera njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, makamaka pazochita zolimbitsa thupi ndi zakudya za mwana, zomwe zimayenera kukhala zogwirizana ndi insulin.
Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali zochizira matenda a shuga 1 zimadalira njira yolumikizidwa, motero, osati pa insulin.

Njira zopewera

Chithandizo cha matenda amtundu woyamba wa shuga ndikuyesetsa kupitiliza kuchepetsa zovuta za mtima. Njira zodzitetezera zimaphatikizapo:

zoyesayesa zokulitsa kagayidwe kachakudya ka matenda a shuga (mogwirizana ndi wodwala winawake),
kuyesetsa kukhathamiritsa magazi (chiperekedwe cha matenda oopsa),
chithandizo chokwanira cha dyslipidemia,
kuyesetsa kuti mwana akhale ndi thupi lokwanira,
kuyesera kukhazikitsa chikhalidwe chabwino (zolimbitsa thupi),
mayeso amthawi zonse am'munsi, ngati gawo limodzi.
kuwunika pafupipafupi kwa fundus ndi albuminuria panthawi yomwe idakonzedweratu.

Makolo a ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba

Mosakayikira makolo ali ndi chithandiziro chachikulu pakuchiza matenda a mwana wawo. Chifukwa chakuti matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa ana aang'ono, zaka zoyambirira, chithandizo chimangodalira makolo. Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe samakhudzana ndi mwana yekhayo yekha, koma banja lonse, zochitika zake, thanzi, masewera osewera, maulendo kapena tchuthi. Kuzindikira kwa matenda a shuga kumatanthawuza kuti makolo ayenera kuphunzira zambiri zatsopano ndikupeza maluso ambiri okhudzana ndi utsogoleri wa insulin.

Makolo a mwana wodwala amachoka pa moyo wawo, zomwe amakonda, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale abwenzi. Nthawi zambiri makolo ambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa ndipo amawopa kuti sangathe kupirira. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti mayi amatenga udindo woponderezedwa, ndipo abambo a mwana amangoyang'ana "kunja." Koma izi siziyenera kukhala choncho, chifukwa chake abambo ayenera kudziwa chilichonse chokhudza matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba kuti azitha kusamalira mwana mwadzidzidzi ndikumamuthandiza pakavuto.

Makolo a ana aang'ono

Makolo a ana akhanda ndi ana aang'ono ayenera kukhala ndi zovuta zazikulu zopatsa thanzi chifukwa samadziwa kuchuluka kwa kamwana kakang'ono kamene amadya, ndipo ngakhale kusintha pang'ono kwa insulin kungayambitse hyperglycemia kapena hypoglycemia. Kwa ana aang'ono otere, kulandira chithandizo ndi pampu ya insulini ndikwabwino, chifukwa ndi njira imeneyi mutha kuyika mlingo wochepa kwambiri wa basal ndi mlingo wa bolus mukatha kudya, zikaonekeratu kuchuluka kwa zomwe mwana amadya.

Mavuto amakumananso pamene ana ayamba kufuna maswiti, omwe ambiri sakukwanira. Ndikofunikira kufotokozera zovuta za matenda ashuga komanso agogo a mwana kuti apewe kusamvana pakayang'aniridwa.

Makolo a achinyamata

Ngakhale anawo ali ocheperako, amadalira kwathunthu makolo awo. Kusintha kumachitika mwana akamakula ndikuyamba kuwonetsa kudziimira panokha. Makolo, pamlingo wina, amalephera kuwongolera mwana komanso matenda ake. Vutoli limachitika nthawi zambiri kutha msambo, pamene insulini imakana kwambiri ndikuwonjezereka kwa insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, kusakhazikika kwa maboma, kulephera kudziletsa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimawonjezera bongo ndizomwe zimachitika panthawiyi. Poganizira izi, pali mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta za microvascular. Chifukwa chake, panthawiyi ndikofunikira kulingalira nkhani ya mankhwala ndi pampu ya insulini komanso mwachangu. Kutha msinkhu kumangokhala kwa kupanduka, kuyesera kudzipatula pakati pa ena ndipo koposa zonse, kuchita mosiyana ndi zomwe makolo akunena. Chifukwa chake, nthawi ino kwa makolo ndikuchiritsa ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Ulemu pakati pa mwana ndi kholo ndikofunikira. Ndikofunika kukambirana za malamulo ena ndi mwana, kutsatira kwake komwe kumayenera kubweretsera mwana zabwino, pomwe kuzinyalanyaza kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zake.

YEMBENSO

Chithandizo cha matenda amtundu wa shuga sikutanthauza kuchiritsa. Kokha kukwaniritsa kwakukulu komwe kumabweza chakudya cha carbohydrate metabolism, kupewa hypo- ndi hyperglycemia, ndi kupewa, chifukwa chake, zovuta zamagulu a shuga zimawerengedwa. Ndiye kuti, kuphatikiza mankhwala othandizira (insulin kukonzekera) ndi moyo wonse.

Yankho la AUTHOR

Ndizovuta kutsutsana ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, koma mwachitsanzo, pazifukwa zina, wodwalayo amayamba kuwonekera nthawi yayitali ya hypoglycemia motsutsana ndi maziko a mankhwala omwe akuphatikizidwa ndi insulin. Potere, zisonyezo za momwe wodwalayo alili ndizabwino, sikuti chiphuphu chokhazikika chimawonedwa.

Glycated hemoglobin - 5. Wolemba kukula kwa bas-C-peptide, kuwunika komwe kumawonetsa maselo a b-cell omwe amapanga insulin. Kusowa kwa "autoimmune" pa mab-cell omwe ali pa immunogram (osati patatha chaka chimodzi).

Funso lomwe lingakhale kuti kodi endocrinologist wodwala kwambiri atani pamenepa? Poyamba, amalimbikitsa "kudya" XE, koma pomwe chikhalidwe cha hypoglycemia chikukula, mosakayika ayamba kuchepetsa mlingo wa insulin. Koma kenako zozizwitsa zimayamba.

Pazaka khumi zapitazi, odwala omwe agwera pamenepa nthawi zambiri amakhalapo popanda mankhwala a insulini konse, apo ayi ma epicode kwambiri a hypoglycemia angayambike, omwe munthawi yayitali (kuchipatala) angachotsedwe mosavuta pokhazikitsa chiwopsezo cha XE.

Koma odwala awa amawona pano ndipo m'malo mwa "kudya" XE yowonjezera, adalimbikitsidwa kuti achepetse mulingo wa insulin. Zotsatira zake, atatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndipo kenako chaka kapena kupitirira, popeza momwe wodwalayo sasinthira zoipa, wodwalayo adasamutsidwira ku IEC ... kuti athetse kukhumudwa! Matendawa sanachotsedwe. Ku funso la makolo - chifukwa - nthawi zambiri yankho linali losavuta: zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mulibe matenda a shuga ...

- Ndiye, motani? Iwe wekha wapanga matenda awa !?

Ndidabweretsa zochitika zachilendo ngati izi pachifukwa. Apa, mbali zonse ziwiri zidagwera pamavuto nthawi imodzi - onse odwala ndi madokotala!

Choyamba chifukwa (musadabwe) sankafuna kuti achotsedwe olumala. Izi ndi zina mwazabwino, kuchotsedwa ntchito zankhondo ndi zina zotero. Omaliza sanamvetsetse kuti izi zimatheka bwanji, popeza adaphunzitsidwa kuti izi sizingatheke, mulimonse momwe zingakhalire. Koma zitha kutero. Odwala ambiri obwezeretsedwa ndi C-peptide, Normoglycemia kwa zaka zingapo sangatchulidwe kuti "kukwatirana."

Dziwani: ndikungofuna kufotokozera pamwambapa kuti nthawi zina olumala amachotsedwanso (akuyesera kuti awuchotse) pokhapokha kumbuyo komwe kulipidwa ndi mlingo uliwonse wa insulin womwe umayendetsedwa. Ndikufuna kutsindika kuti pamenepa, mankhwala a insulin samachitika zoposa 1 chaka.

Ndimayika nthawi ndi nthawi mayeso enieni a basal ndikulimbikitsa C-peptide patsamba lathu, adokotala wamba sangatanthauzenso kuthekera kobwezeretsanso gawo limodzi la zikondwerero, sitikunena za kubwezeretsanso maselo a β-maselo awo tsinde, monga embyogenesis mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zina.

Mu 2000, tidalandira Patent yochita kupanga "Njira Yothandizira Matenda a Insulin-Dependent Diabetes" (onani Appendices), koma sitinali oyamba. Zosadabwitsa, chitsogozo chofunikira cha madokotala "a Diabetes" omwe adakonzedwa ndi M. I. Balabolkin imapereka chidziwitso chakunja pankhani yotere ndipo imafotokozanso njira yofananira.

Koma posachedwa tili ndi ochepa omwe amawerenga zolemba zosindikizidwa, zowonjezera zochulukirapo zolemba kuchokera pa intaneti. Pambuyo pake, kuthekera kwa kupangidwa kwa maselo atsopano a b mothandizidwa ndi DIFFERENT (!) Zowulutsa zidasindikizidwa m'maiko osiyanasiyana ndi magulu osiyanasiyana asayansi. Zonse ziwiri zanyama za ma labotale (makoswe) ndi anthu.

Kungakhale kwanzeru kukhulupirira kuti iyi ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri komanso yachangu. Kalanga, ndizovuta kwambiri, ndizitali komanso, zosasangalatsa, zimangokhala payekha. Izi ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri asamafikire. Munthawi zonsezi, njira yochizira ndi yosiyana. Chifukwa chiyani? Ndikuyankha pansipa koma chachikulu ndichakuti kuthekera kwa kukwaniritsa kusintha kwa kagayidwe kazakudya, kupewa zomwe zimachitika mu thupi ndi kubwezeretsanso zochitika zina za endocrine mbali ya kapamba ndizotheka.

Pakadali pano, wolemba ali ndi zosakwanira pakuwona kwa nthawi yayitali sampuli yayikulu ya odwala pakukhululuka kosaposa zaka 10, koma tikugwira ntchito pa izi. Nthawi yomweyo, kusonkhanitsa kwa deta yochulukirapo kuposa kuwumba kwa mapuloteni a magulu ena amitundu yokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga kwa odwala athu mu mphamvu zayambika, mwatsoka awa ndi maphunziro okwera mtengo kwambiri.

Pafupifupi zaka khumi zapitazo, m'malo osiyanasiyana omwe akhala akukambirana ntchito yathu kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri, palibe chomwe chasintha: anthu onse omwewo, madipatimenti, kupatula womwalirayo, ndipo koposa zonse njira.

Makina wamba wamba amawoneka ngati chozizwitsa, koma pampu ndi zida chabe zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakonda kuipiraipira ndipo sizipititsa patsogolo mkhalidwe wa ana ndi achinyamata popeza omaliza amakhala moyo wakhama womwe mapampu ake “sanakonzekere”.

Sindikutsutsa, ndimangokhala phee, osalimbana ndi "mafunde", osatsimikizira chilichonse kwa aliyense, akuchita ntchito yosangalatsa komanso yokondedwa. Mwina ndichifukwa chake tili ndi zotsatira zenizeni.

Nthawi zina otsutsa amatulutsa "mphoto ya Nobel." Ndipo ndani adakuwuzani kuti, tapeza umboni wokhazikika, sitifalitsa pakuwongolera magazini asayansi komanso kudzera ku mabungwe azophunzitsa ku Europe sadzagulitsanso zinthu kumeneko?

Mukungokhala achabe pachabe, kwa ife sikuti ndi mathero palokha. Ndipo kuchita zonsezi sikovuta konse. Muyenera kugwira ntchito, osalankhula. Mwambiri, ngati tikukambirana kale pankhani yovuta iyi, ziyenera kudziwika kuti njira yofufuzira yomwe idapangidwa mu mankhwala athu ndi yotsika, kafukufuku wosasankhidwa amangoperekedwa kwa anthu onse, koma pali ntchito zochepa zotere.

Zolemba zochulukazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupima maphunziro ndi odwala ochepa, ndipo zimachitika motsata milandu, pomwe gulu lalikulu limalandira chithandizo chamankhwala, koma chiwongolero sichitero.

Kunyalanyaza njira yogwirira ntchito mwachisawawa, njira yakhungu yophunzirira, osagwiritsa ntchito placebo ngati chiwongolero, kusowa kwa njira yotsatirira mukamaliza kuthandizira, kunyalanyaza zoyipa zomwe zimachitika panthawi ya chithandizo ndi zizindikiro zazikulu 99% za ntchito zapakhomo.

Chovuta china chabwinobwino ndi kutsimikiza kwa akatswiri ovomerezeka pazifukwa zina popanda chifukwa, ndipo zotsatirazi zikutsatirazi.

Malingaliro osasangalatsa amabweretsa lingaliro mwachangu, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa malingaliro oyipa, koma kuyankha kwa mphezi "kuchokera kumwamba" - "pansi" m'njira yamakalata ozungulira ndi zinthu zina. Mwinanso nchifukwa chake kumayiko ambiri zolemba zake zimasokonekera.

Nthawi yomweyo, popanga mazana mazana m'mabukhu ake a sayansi makamaka pakufufuza kwakunja, wasayansi wina aliyense panyumba nthawi zina amawona kuti ndi udindo wake kunena kuti madigiri aku West kumayiko ena amakhala otsika kwambiri. kuposa ndi ife ... sizikhala choncho nthawi zonse.