Kodi chimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndi chiyani?

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amapezeka mu dongosolo la endocrine, omwe amawonetsedwa pakuwonjezeka kwa shuga wamagazi a anthu komanso kuchepa kwa insulin.

Matendawa amabweretsa kuphwanya kagayidwe ka chakudya, mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, matenda a shuga akuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse. Matendawa amakhudza oposa 10 peresenti ya anthu onse m'maiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi.

Matenda a shuga amapezeka pamene insulin sikokwanira kulamula kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Insulin ndi timadzi tomwe timapangidwa ngati zilonda za m'madzi a Langerhans.

Hormone iyi imakhala gawo la chakudya, mapuloteni komanso mafuta a metabolism mu ziwalo zamunthu. Carbohydrate metabolism imatengera kudya kwa shuga m'maselo a minofu.

Insulin imayambitsa kupanga shuga ndikuonjezera masitolo a shuga a chiwindi ndikupanga gawo lapadera la glycogen carbohydrate. Kuphatikiza apo, insulini imathandizira kupewa kuchepa kwa chakudya chamagulu.

Insulin imakhudzanso kagayidwe kazakudya zomanga thupi makamaka mwa kupititsa patsogolo kumasulidwa kwa mapuloteni, ma acid a nucleic ndikupewa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni.

Insulin imagwira ngati othandizira glucose ku maselo amafuta, imathandizira kumasulidwa kwa zinthu zamafuta, imalola maselo a minofu kulandira mphamvu zofunikira ndikuletsa kufalikira kwamaselo am'magazi. Kuphatikiza kwa timadzi timeneti kumathandizira kulowa mu minofu ya ma cell a sodium.

Ntchito zogwira ntchito za insulin zimatha kusokonekera ngati thupi limasowa kwambiri panthawi ya chimbudzi, komanso mphamvu ya insulin pazosokoneza ziwalo.

Kuperewera kwa insulini m'matumbo am'mimba kumatha kuchitika ngati zikondamoyo zasokoneza, zomwe zimatsogolera kuwonongeka kwa zislets za Langerhans. Zomwe zimayambitsa kubwezeretsa mahomoni omwe akusowa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amapezeka ndendende ndi kusowa kwa insulin mthupi chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwa kapamba, pomwe maselo osakwana 20 peresenti ya maselo otha kugwira ntchito kwathunthu amakhala.

Matenda amtundu wachiwiri amachitika ngati mphamvu ya insulin idalephera. Pankhaniyi, pamakhala mkhalidwe womwe umatchedwa insulin.

Matendawa akufotokozedwanso kuti chizolowezi cha insulin m'magazi chimakhala chokhazikika, koma sichichita bwino pa minyewa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chidwi cha maselo.

Pakakhala insulin yokwanira m'magazi, glucose sangathe kulowa mokwanira mu cell, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa njira zina zosinthira shuga, sorbitol, glycosaminoglycan, ndi glycated hemoglobin zimadziunjikira mu minofu.

Nawonso, sorbitol nthawi zambiri imayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda amkati, imasokoneza magwiridwe antchito ang'onoang'ono, ndipo imasokoneza dongosolo lamanjenje. Glycosaminoglycans amakhudza mafupa ndipo amawononga thanzi.

Pakadali pano, njira zina zothandizira shuga m'magazi sizokwanira kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu zambiri. Chifukwa chophwanya kagayidwe kazakudya zomanga thupi, kaphatikizidwe kazakudya zomanga thupi zimachepetsedwa, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni kumawonedwanso.

Ichi chimakhala chifukwa chomwe munthu ali ndi kufooka kwa minofu, ndipo magwiridwe antchito a mtima ndi minofu yamatumbo amalephera. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopweteka, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kumachitika. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone omwe amakhala ngati zinthu za metabolic zimachuluka m'magazi.

Zoyambitsa matenda ashuga

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga mwa anthu zimatha kukhala zamitundu iwiri:

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo a autoimmune zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kayendedwe ka chitetezo chamthupi. Ndi chitetezo chofooka, ma antibodies amapangidwa mthupi lomwe limawononga ma cell a islets a Langerhans mu kapamba, omwe amachititsa kuti insulini itulutsidwe.

Njira ya autoimmune imachitika chifukwa cha zochita za ma virus, komanso chifukwa cha zochita za mankhwala ophera tizilombo, nitrosamines ndi zina zapoizoni m'thupi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa idiopathic zimatha kukhala njira zilizonse zokhudzana ndi kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga, omwe amayamba okha.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 1

Katemera wopangidwa ndi ubwana kapena kuvulaza khoma lamkati lam'mimba amatha kubweretsa matenda. Mthupi la mwana yemwe wadwala kachilombo kapena kupsinjika kwambiri, maselo a pancreatic beta awonongeka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mwanjira iyi thupi la munthu limakhudzana ndikukhazikitsidwa kwa wothandizira wakunja - kachilombo kapena ma free radicals, omwe amatulutsidwa m'mwazi panthawi yakukhumudwa mwamphamvu. Thupi limamverera mamolekyulu a kachilomboka kapena matupi achilendo atayesa kulowa mkati mwake. Nthawi yomweyo amapereka chizindikiro choti ayambitse njira yopangira ma antibodies kwa iwo. Zotsatira zake, kusatetezeka kwa anthu kumachulukirachulukira, gulu lonse lankhondo lankhondo limapita "kunkhondo" ndi mdani - kachilombo ka mumps kapena rubella.

Ma virus onse atatha kuwonongeka, thupi limaleka kupanga ma antibodies, ndipo chitetezo chamthupi chimayamba kugwira ntchito. Izi zimachitika kangapo mthupi la munthu wabwinobwino, wathanzi. Koma nthawi zina zimachitika kuti brake wosaoneka sagwira ntchito. Ma antibodies akupitilizabe kupangidwa mwachangu, chifukwa, alibe lingaliro koma kuwononga maselo awo a beta. Maselo akufa sangatulutse insulini, yofunikira kukhazikitsa shuga m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, matenda a shuga 1 amayamba.

Sizodabwitsa kuti shuga yodalira insulini imatchedwa shuga ya achinyamata. Dzinali limaonetsa bwino lomwe kapangidwe ka matendawa. Zizindikiro zoyambirira komanso zowopsa za matenda ashuga zimawonekera mwa munthu wazaka 0 mpaka 19. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimatha kukhala kupsinjika kwakukulu, kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kapena kuvulala. Mwana wamng'ono, wowopa kwambiri ali mwana, amatha kudwala matenda a shuga. Mwana wa sukulu yemwe wakhala ndi herpes, chikuku, rubella, adenovirus, hepatitis kapena mumps nawonso ali pachiwopsezo.

Komabe, chitetezo cha mthupi chimatha kukhazikika mwanjira imeneyi pokhapokha pazinthu zina, mwachitsanzo, chibadwire. Nthawi zambiri, kudziwika komwe kungayambike kumayambitsa matenda a shuga 1 mwa mwana kapena mwana. Ngati makolo akhumudwitsa mwana ndikuwatchinjiriza ku chimfine ndi nkhawa, shuga "imangokhala chete" kwakanthawi ndipo mwana amusiya. Ndi zaka, chiopsezo chotenga matenda amtundu wa 2 chikukula, koma osati nthawi zonse.

Komanso, zifukwa zoyambitsa matenda a shuga 1 amtha kukhala motere:

• Kuphatikiza pa chifukwa chobadwa nacho, njira zotupa zomwe zimachitika m'matumbo a chamba kapena ziwalo zoyandikana ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ndi za kapamba ndi cholecystopancreatitis. Kuvulala kapena opaleshoni ingayambitsenso kupanga insulin yoperewera. Kuphatikiza apo, vasher atherosulinosis imatha kusokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi m'mapazi, chifukwa, singathe kuthana ndi ntchito yake pamlingo woyenera kenako kupanga kwa insulin kuyime,
• kulakwitsa kwa chiwalo monga kapamba kungakhale chifukwa chophwanya dongosolo la enzyme,
• maselo owononga a beta omwe ma receptor ake amakhala ndimatenda obadwa nawo sangathe kuyankha moyenera kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
• ngati thupi lilibe mapuloteni, ma amino acid ndi zinc, ndi chitsulo, m'malo mwake, limalandira zochuluka, ndiye kuti m'badwo wa insulin ungathe kusakanikirana. Zili choncho chifukwa ndi magawo atatu oyamba omwe ali ndi vuto lowonjezera mahomoni ndi kusamutsa magazi. Magazi ochulukirapo ndi chitsulo amalowa m'maselo a kapamba, omwe amatsogolera ku "kuchuluka" kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, insulin yocheperako imapangidwa kuposa koyenera.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga a 2

Matenda amtunduwu samakhudza thupi mwadzidzidzi, chifukwa akupitiliza kupanga insulini, ngakhale osakwanira. Matendawa amakula ndi kuchepa kwa chidwi cha insulin: thupi limavutika ndi kuchepa kwake, ndipo kapamba amayenera kutulutsa kambiri. Thupi likugwira ntchito molimbika ndipo nthawi imodzi "yabwino" ikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zake zonse. Zotsatira zake, kuperewera kwenikweni kwa insulin kumayamba: magazi amunthu amadzaza ndi shuga ndipo shuga imayamba.

Chomwe chimapangidwira matenda amtunduwu chikhoza kukhala kusakanikirana kwazomwe zimapangitsa kuti inshuwaransi ipangidwe. Izi zimachitika pamene ma cell receptor akulephera. Amagwiranso ntchito ndi mphamvu zamisala, koma kuti madziwo "okoma" alowe m'selo, amafunikira ochulukirapo, ndipo kapamba amayeneranso kugwira ntchito molingana ndi kuthekera kwake. Maselo akusowa zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndipo wodwalayo amakhala akuvutika ndi njala nthawi zonse. Akuyesera kuti athetse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lizikula kwambiri, ndipo nawo, kuchuluka kwa maselo omwe "akudikirira" insulin yawo kukukula. Zimapezeka mozungulira mozungulira: gawo la kapamba limachita chilichonse kuti lipatse maselo owonongeka ndi glucose, koma thupi laumunthu silimva izi ndipo limafunikira chakudya chochulukirapo.

Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale maselo ochulukirapo omwe "akufuna" insulin. Wodwala akuyembekeza zotsatirapo zomveka - kutsirizika kwathunthu kwa thupilo komanso kuwonjezeka kwa m'magazi mu shuga. Maselo amakhala ndi njala, ndipo munthu amadya mosalekeza, akamadya kwambiri, ndiye kuti shuga ya magazi imakwera. Ichi ndiye chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Ngakhale onenepa kwambiri sakhala pachiwopsezo. Munthu amene amachulukitsa thupi pang'ono poyerekeza ndi wabwinobwino amawonjezera "mwayi" wake wodwala matenda a shuga.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake mfundo yayikulu ya chithandizo cha matenda amtunduwu ndi kukana zakudya zama calorie apamwamba. Nthawi zambiri, kuti muchiritsidwe komanso kuthana ndi matendawa, ndikokwanira kuti muzilakalaka kudya.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 2:

• aakulu kapamba kapamba,
• matenda endocrine
• mimba yovuta komanso kubereka. Tikuyankhula za toxosis, magazi komanso kubadwa kwa mwana wakufa.
• Matenda a shuga atha kukhala zotsatira za matenda oopsa,
• mitsempha ya mitsempha,
• matenda a mtima

Ukalamba umawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2. Kuyesedwa pafupipafupi ndi endocrinologist ndikofunikiranso kwa azimayi omwe kulemera kwawo kunali 4 kg kapena kupitilira.

Zomwe ketoacidosis imayamba

Vutoli ndi loopsa kwambiri la matenda ashuga. Monga mukudziwa, thupi la munthu limapeza mphamvu kuchokera ku glucose, koma kuti lilowe mu cell, limafunikira insulini. Pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kufunika kwa insulin mwa munthu kumadziwonetsera mosiyanasiyana. Njirayi imakhudzidwa ndi kupsinjika, kuphwanya zakudya, kuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, kuwonjezera kwa matenda oyanjana. Ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwa insulin ya mahomoni, mphamvu ya kufa kwa maselo imachitika. Thupi limayamba ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zosayenera, makamaka mafuta.

Mafuta okhala ndi oxid-pansi amawonetsedwa ndi acetone m'magazi ndi mkodzo. Vuto longa ketoacidosis limakula. Wodwalayo amakhala ndi ludzu pafupipafupi, amadandaula pakamwa pouma, ulesi, pafupipafupi komanso kukodza kambiri komanso kuwonda. Matendawa akamakula, kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa kumawonekera. Munthu atha kukhala osazindikira ndipo chifukwa chake, kuphatikiza kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, wodwala matenda ashuga amayeneranso kuchita kafukufuku kuti adziwe ngati ali mumkodzo. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zapadera zoyeserera.

Chifukwa chiyani mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umachitika

Mu mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndichizolowezi, komanso kukhalabe ndi moyo wopanda thanzi komanso kukhalanso ndi matenda ang'onoang'ono.

Zomwe zimapangidwira matenda a shuga a 2 ndi awa:

1. Kubadwa kwamunthu
2. Kunenepa kwambiri
3. Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi
4. Kupanikizika pafupipafupi komanso kwanthawi yayitali
5. Kupezeka kwa atherosulinosis,
6. Mankhwala
7. Kukhalapo kwa matenda
8. Mimba, uchidakwa komanso kusuta.

Kubadwa kwamunthu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu pazinthu zonse zomwe zingatheke. Wodwala akakhala ndi wachibale yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, pamakhala chiopsezo choti matenda ashuga angachitike chifukwa cha chibadwa chamunthu.

Ngati kholo limodzi lili ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo chotenga matendawa ndi 30 peresenti, ndipo ngati abambo ndi amayi ali ndi nthendayi, mwa 60 peresenti ya omwe amadwala matendawa amapatsidwa ndi mwana. Ngati chibadwidwe chilipo, chimatha kuyamba kudziwoneka kale muubwana kapena unyamata.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi la mwana yemwe ali ndi vuto lotengera majini kuti muchepetse kukula kwa matendawa munthawi yake. Matenda a shuga akangopezedwa, amachepetsa mwayi woti matendawa athe kufalikira. Mutha kuthana ndi matendawa powonera zakudya zinazake.

Kunenepa kwambiri. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, ichi ndi chifukwa chachiwiri chomwe chimatsogolera kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa matenda ashuga a 2. Ndi chidzalo kapena kunenepa kwambiri, thupi la wodwalayo limakhala ndi minofu yambiri ya adipose, makamaka pamimba.

Zizindikiro zotere zimabweretsa kuti munthu ali ndi kuchepa kwa chidwi cha zotsatira za insulin ya ma cell a cellular mthupi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake odwala ambiri onenepa kwambiri nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakubadwa kwamatenda, ndikofunika kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya zawo ndikudya zakudya zabwino zokha.

Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Ngati chakudya cha wodwalayo chimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta ndi fiber sizinawonedwe, izi zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga mwa anthu.

Kupanikizika pafupipafupi komanso kwanthawi yayitali. Zindikirani apa:

• Chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwapafupipafupi komanso zokumana nazo m'magazi a munthu, kudzikundikira kwa zinthu monga ma catecholamines, glucocorticoids, komwe kumayambitsa kuwoneka kwa matenda ashuga wodwala, kumachitika.
• Makamaka chiopsezo chotenga matendawa ndi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi thupi lochulukirapo komanso amtundu wakudziwika.
• Ngati palibe zoyambitsa chibadwa chifukwa chakubadwa, ndiye kuti kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe kungayambitse matenda a shuga, omwe angayambitse matenda angapo nthawi imodzi.
• Izi pamapeto pake zimatha kutsitsa chidwi cha insulin m'maselo a thupi. Chifukwa chake, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti nthawi zonse, khalani odekha komanso osadandaula zazing'ono.

Kukhalapo kwa atherosulinosis wa nthawi yayitali, matenda oopsa, matenda amitsempha yamagaziMitima. Matenda a nthawi yayitali amatsogolera kuchepa kwa chidwi cha minyewa yam'mimba kupita ku insulin ya mahomoni.

Mankhwala. Mankhwala ena angayambitse matenda ashuga. Zina mwa izo ndi:

1. okodzetsa
2. glucocorticoid mahomoni opanga,
3. makamaka thiazide okodzetsa,
4. mankhwala ena a antihypertensive,
5. mankhwala antitumor.

Komanso, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwakanthawi, makamaka maantibayotiki, kumapangitsa kuti shuga asagwiritsidwe ntchito, zomwe zimatchedwa kuti matenda a shuga.

Kukhalapo kwa matenda. Matenda a Autoimmune monga matenda a adrenal cortex osakwanira kapena autoimmune chithokomiro angayambitse matenda ashuga. Matenda opatsirana amakhala chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, makamaka pakati pa ana asukulu ndi ana asukulu, omwe nthawi zambiri amadwala.

Chomwe chimapangitsa kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo chifukwa cha matenda, monga lamulo, ndicho chibadwa cha ana. Pachifukwa ichi, makolo, podziwa kuti wina m'banjamo akudwala matenda ashuga, ayenera kukhala tcheru ndi thanzi la mwana momwe angathere, osayamba kulandira chithandizo cha matenda opatsirana, ndikuchita mayeso a shuga m'magazi nthawi zonse.

Nthawi yamimba. Izi zitha kuyambitsanso kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo ngati njira zoyenera zoletsedwera komanso chithandizo sichinatenge nthawi. Mimba monga izi sizingayambitse matenda ashuga, pomwe zakudya zopanda thanzi komanso kutengera kwa chibadwa zimatha kuchita bizinesi yawo yobisika.

Ngakhale azimayi atafika pa nthawi yoyembekezera, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya mosasamala ndipo musalole kuti azingodya kwambiri mafuta. Ndikofunikanso kuti usaiwale kukhala moyo wakhama komanso kuchita masewera apadera kwa amayi apakati.

Kuledzera komanso kusuta fodya. Zizolowezi zoipa zimatha kupusitsanso wodwala ndikuyambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Zakumwa zokhala ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa zimapha maselo a beta a kapamba, omwe amachititsa kuti matendawa ayambe.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda A shuga 1

Matenda amtunduwu amakula msanga, nthawi zambiri amakhala ovutitsa kakakulu kachilombo, makamaka ana, achinyamata ndi achinyamata. Madotolo adziwa kuti pali cholowa chamtundu wa shuga.

Matenda amtunduwu amatchedwanso achichepere, dzinali limawonetsera machitidwe a mapangidwe a matenda. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimawonekera ndendende pazaka 0 mpaka 19.

Cancreas ndi chiwalo chovuta kwambiri, chokhala ndi zovuta zilizonse pakugwira ntchito, chotupa, kutupa, kuwonongeka kapena kuwonongeka, pali kuthekera kwa kusokonezeka kwa insulini, komwe kungayambitse matenda a shuga.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga umatchulidwanso kuti umadalira insulini, mwanjira ina, umafunika kukakamiza kwazonse za insulin. Wodwala amakakamizidwa kuti azikhala ndi nthawi yopuma tsiku lililonse ngati:

• kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ake ndikokwanira kwambiri,
• mwina ikucheperachepera.

Chilichonse mwamagetsi chimakhala ndi chiwopsezo ku moyo, sichitha kuloledwa.

Ndi matenda awa, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti muyenera kuyang'anira zonse zomwe muli nazo, musayiwale za kutsatira kwambiri zakudya zomwe adokotala adapereka, kupereka jakisoni wa insulin pafupipafupi, komanso kuwunika shuga ndi mkodzo.

Mitundu ya matenda ashuga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa

Mphamvu ya glucose imakhala ndi mphamvu, imapangira thupi. Insulin imathandizira kuyamwa, koma pamaso pa matenda a shuga, mahomoni sangathe kupanga mulingo woyenera, osapangidwa konse, kapena maselo sangayankhe. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuwonongeka kwamafuta, kusowa kwamadzi. Kuperewera kwa njira zothanirana ndi shuga kumatha kubweretsa mavuto, monga kulephera kwa impso, kudula malekezero, sitiroko, khungu, chikomokere. Chifukwa chake, lingalirani zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga:

1. Kuwonongeka kwa ma virus a ma cell a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin. Rubella, mumps, nthomba, ndi hepatitis yamavuto ndi owopsa. Rubella amayambitsa matenda ashuga mwa munthu aliyense wachisanu yemwe amakhala nako, zomwe zimatha kupangika chifukwa cha kubadwa kwa cholowa. Imakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kwa ana ndi ana.
2. Nthawi zabadwa. Ngati wina m'banjamo ali ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti mwayi wokhala ndi matenda m'magulu akewo umawonjezereka. Ngati makolo onse ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti mwana adzakhala ndi matenda ndi chitsimikizo cha 100%, ngati kholo limodzi lili ndi matenda ashuga, mwayi umakhala umodzi kapena iwiri, ndipo ngati matendawo awonekera mwa m'bale kapena mlongo, ndiye kuti mwana winayo adzakula pang'onopang'ono.
3. Mavuto a Autoimmune, monga hepatitis, chithokomiro, lupus, momwe chitetezo chathupi chimayang'anira maselo omwe akukhudzawo, zimatha kupangitsa kuti maselo a pancreatic apangidwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupanga insulini.
4. Kunenepa kwambiri Kuchepa kwa matenda ashuga kumawonjezeka nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa chake, mwa anthu omwe si onenepa kwambiri, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ndi 7.8%, koma ngati kulemera kudutsa komweko mwa 20 peresenti, chiwopsezocho chimakwera mpaka 25%, ndipo pamene kunenepa kwambiri mwa 50 peresenti, matenda a shuga amapezeka magawo awiri mwa atatu a anthu onse. Pankhaniyi tikukamba za matenda ashuga a 2.

Type Iabetes mellitus (wodalira insulini) amatsogolera pakufa kwa maselo opanga insulin. Chifukwa cha izi, amayamba kupanga timadzi tating'onoting'ono kwambiri kapena amasiya kutulutsa. Matendawa amawonekera asanafike zaka makumi atatu, ndipo choyambitsa chake ndi matenda opatsirana, omwe amatsogolera ku zovuta za autoimmune. Magazi a anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulini ali ndi mphamvu yotsutsana ndi ma cell omwe amapanga insulin. Amafuna kudya kawirikawiri insulin kuchokera kunja.

Matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin sadziwika chifukwa chakuti kapamba amatha kutulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono kuposa momwe timafunikira, koma thupi silimatha kudziwa. Zotsatira zake, khungu silingasowe glucose yemwe angafunike. Zomwe zimayambitsa mtundu wa II ndi majini komanso kunenepa kwambiri. Izi zimachitika kuti matendawa amapezeka monga momwe thupi limathandizira pochiza ndi corticosteroids.

Zowopsa

Asayansi zimawavuta kuzindikira bwinobwino zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga oopsa. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza kudwala. Lingaliro la zonsezi limatithandizira kulosera momwe matenda a shuga adzayendere ndikupita patsogolo, komanso nthawi zambiri kupewa kapena kuchedwetsa kuwonekera kwake pakapita nthawi. Mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga uli ndi zomwe zake zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matendawa:

1. Makamaka. Zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi mwadzidzidzi za mtundu woyamba. Kuchokera kwa makolo, mwana amakhala wokonzekereratu kumayambiriro kwa matendawa. Koma choyambitsacho ndichinthu chakunja: zotsatira za opareshoni, matenda. Zotsirizazi zimatha kupangitsa kuti thupi lipange ma antibodies omwe amawononga ma cell a insulin. Koma ngakhale kukhalapo kwa anthu ashuga m'banjamo sizitanthauza kuti mudzavutika ndi matenda awa.
2. Kumwa mankhwala. Mankhwala ena amachititsa kuti munthu azidwala matenda ashuga. Izi zikuphatikiza: mahomoni a glucocorticoid, okodzetsa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mankhwala olimbana ndi zotupa. Matenda a shuga amatha kuchitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kwakanthawi zakudya zophatikiza ndi selenium, mphumu, rheumatism, ndi zovuta zamkati.
3. Njira yolakwika ya moyo. Moyo wokangalika umachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga chifukwa cha zitatu. Kwa iwo omwe sachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, minyewa yokhala ndi glucose imachepetsedwa kwambiri. Mwaokha, moyo wongokhala umayambitsa mapaundi owonjezera, ndikuwonjezera pazakudya zopanda thanzi zomwe zimapatsa mapuloteni osakwanira ndi fiber, koma shuga wambiri kuposa momwe amafunikira, imakhala chowonjezera chowopsa.
4. Matenda a kapamba. Amatsogolera kukuwonongeka kwa maselo opanga insulin ndikupanga matenda a shuga.
5. Matenda Zilonda, ma virus a Koksaki B ndi rubella ndizowopsa. Potere, ubale wamphamvu pakati pa omaliza ndi mtundu 1 wa matenda a shuga adawululidwa. Katemera motsutsana ndi matendawa, monga katemera aliyense, sangayambitse matenda.
6. Kupsinjika kwa mantha. Amadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga 2, omwe amakhudza anthu 85 mwa 100 aliwonse omwe ali ndi matendawa.
7. Kunenepa kwambiri Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga a mtundu 2. Thupi likakhala mafuta kwambiri, limalimbitsa chiwindi ndi kapamba, chidwi cha maselo kuti insulini ichepe.
8. Mimba Kukhala ndi mwana ndi nkhawa yayikulu kwa mkazi ndipo kungayambitse matenda ashuga. Mahomoni opangidwa ndi placenta amawonjezera shuga m'magazi, kapamba amakakamizidwa kuti azigwira ntchito mopanikizika kwambiri, ndipo sizotheka kupanga insulini yonse yofunikira. Pambuyo pobala, matenda a shuga amisala.

Dziwani zomwe ma mumps ndi - zizindikiro mwa akulu, mitundu ndi chithandizo cha matendawa.

Zizindikiro zoyambira ndi zizindikiro

Pali nthawi zina pamene matenda a shuga amakhala ofooka kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kukhala osawoneka. Nthawi zina chizindikiro chake chimakhala chodziwikiratu, koma nthawi yomweyo munthuyo sawaganizira. Ndipo kuwonongeka kokha m'masomphenya kapena mavuto ndi mtima wamtima kumamukakamiza kuti atembenukire kwa akatswiri. Kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matendawa kungathandize kuimitsa nthawi njira zowonongeka zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha vuto lake mthupi, osapita mu mawonekedwe osakhazikika. Chifukwa chake, izi ndi zizindikiro zomwe zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa matendawa:

1. Kuchulukitsa chilakolako.
2. Pakamwa pakamwa.
3. Ludzu lalikulu mwadzidzidzi.
4. Kuyamwa mwachangu.
5. Shuga wapamwamba wa mkodzo.
6. Mulingo wa glucose m'magazi.
7. Kutopa, kufooka, thanzi loperewera.
8. Kuchulukitsa kwakuthwa kapena kuchepa kwa thupi popanda chifukwa.
9. Kulawa kwa "Iron" mkamwa.
10. Zowonongeka, kuwona kwa chifunga pamaso.
11. Kuzindikira kwa njira zochiritsira mabala, mawonekedwe a zilonda pakhungu.
12. Kukwiya kwa khungu mu perineum, zovuta zolimbitsa khungu.
13. Matenda a pafupipafupi kumaliseche ndi mafangasi.
14. Kusanza ndi kusanza.
15. Kuchuluka kwa miyendo ndi kukokana.
16. Khungu loyipa, lopanda madzi.

Zizindikiro za matendawa amuna:

1. Kukonzanso mobwerezabwereza mosakhalitsa limodzi ndi ludzu lochulukirapo kungakhale chizindikiro kuti impso zimafunikira madzi ambiri kuti zithetse kuchuluka kwamadzi.
2. Kuchepetsa thupi popanda zakudya komanso kutopa kwambiri kuposa kale zingakhale zizindikiro za matenda ashuga 1.
3. Kugwirana mikono ndi miyendo, kudontha kwa miyendo kumatha kukhala chizindikiro cha nephropathy chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga komanso chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga 2.
4. Mwa amuna, matendawa amasokoneza ntchito ya ziwalo zoberekera ndi genitourinary system.

Zizindikiro za matenda:

1. Kulimbitsa kufooka ndi ulesi, kutopa komwe kumachitika mukatha kudya, kusayenda bwino, pakamwa pouma, kukodza pokodza, ludzu losatha, matenda oopsa.
2. Kulemera kwambiri, bola kuti mafuta amamangika m'chiuno.
3. Kubwereza mutu.
4. Kulakalaka kwambiri, njala ndi kufunitsitsa kudya maswiti.
5. Matenda amchiberekero
6. Zilonda pakhungu, nthawi zambiri zimayamba kuzimiririka.
7. Khungu limakhudzidwa mkati mwa perineum. Tisaiwale kuti matenda otupa, khungu komanso matenda opatsirana pogonana, ziwengo zimathanso kuyamwa.

Mwa ana ndi achinyamata

Zizindikiro za matenda:

1. Ludzu lalikulu.
2. Kuchepetsa thupi ndi chidwi chabwino kwambiri.
3. Polyuria, yomwe nthawi zambiri imalakwitsa chifukwa choyambitsa bedi.
4. Kupatulidwa kwamkati mwamphamvu kwamkodzo. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa matenda ashuga kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa acetone ndi shuga.
5. Khungu lowuma komanso chosakwanira cha mucous nembanemba, mtundu wa rasipiberi wa lilime komanso kutayika kwa khungu.

Kupewa matenda

Kupeweratu matenda ashuga sikunapangike, koma kuyesayesa kuthandizira kuchepetsa mwayi wake. Palibe chomwe chingapangidwe ndi zinthu zobadwa mwangozi, koma mutha kuthana ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Izi zingathandize zolimbitsa thupi komanso kusapezeka kwa zakudya zopanda pake pamenyu. Njira zina zowonjezera zitha kuyang'ana kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kusakhalapo kwa kupsinjika.

Kanema: bwanji matenda a shuga amawonekera

M'mavidiyo omwe ali pansipa, muphunzira chifukwa chake shuga wowopsa amawonekera. Madokotala adazindikira zomwe zidayambitsa matendawa ndikudziwitsa anthu. Mwachidziwikire, mwamwayi, monga mu chikwatu, zidziwitso zimatumizidwa kwa wowona wamkulu. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo zimatikakamiza kuti tilingalire zinthu zomwe sizingachitike ndi moyo wolakwika, zomwe zimabweretsa kunenepa kwambiri komanso zotsatira zina.