Matenda a shuga mu achinyamata: Zizindikiro ndi mankhwala

Matenda a shuga kwa achinyamata siachilendo. Ngati matendawo sanatenge nthawi, matendawa amatha kupita patsogolo ndikubweretsa zovuta. Nthawi zambiri matenda a shuga amakhala chifukwa chodwala thupi ndi m'maganizo.

Kutengera ndi makina a chitukuko ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, wachinyamata amapezeka ndi matenda amtundu 1 kapena matenda a shuga.

Kukula kwa mahomoni ndi mahomoni ogonana amapangidwa mokwanira m'thupi la wachinyamata. Komanso, nthawi zina, njira ya insulin katulutsidwe imasokonekera. Ma minofu ndi minyewa yamafuta imatha kukhala yochepa kwambiri ku mahomoni awa. Kukana kwa insulin kumabweretsa kudumpha pafupipafupi m'magazi a shuga. Izi zimathandizira kuti pakhale shuga wa mtundu woyamba.

Chifukwa cha zochita za autoimmune, maselo a pancreatic amawonongeka. Izi zimakhudza kupanga insulin. Nthawi zambiri izi zimawonedwa mwa ana omwe ali ndi cholowa chamtsogolo. Chochititsa chidwi nthawi zambiri chimakhala kupsinjika, kachilombo, kusuta, poizoni kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga umayamba mwa achinyamata omwe ali onenepa kwambiri, komanso omwe amakhala ndi moyo wongokhala, osamudya, komanso amakhala ndi zizolowezi zoyipa. Kusuta, kumwa mowa komanso kupatsa mphamvu zomanga zam'mimba kumabweretsa zovuta za metabolic. Insulin imapangidwa pamiyeso yambiri. Maselo athupi samatha kuyamwa glucose omwe amalowa m'matumbo ndi chakudya. Chiwindi chimakhudzidwa ndikuwonongeka kwa glycogen ndikupanga shuga kuchokera ku amino acid ndi mafuta. Mafuta a cholesterol amakwera, chiopsezo cha matenda amtima chikuwonjezeka.

Achinyamata ena amadwala matenda ashuga. Ngati muyamba mankhwala munthawi yake, mutha kupewa matenda a mtundu 2. Matenda enieni opanda ketoacidosis, omwe amachitika chifukwa chakuchepa kwa ntchito ya beta, amapezeka kawirikawiri ndi anthu azaka za 15-16.

Zizindikiro ndi zovuta zake

Kutengera ndi mtundu wamatenda, zizindikilo zoyambirira zimatha kuchitika ngakhale paubwana. Amawoneka pang'onopang'ono kapena nthawi yomweyo. Ngati matendawa sanazindikiridwe munthawi yake, zizindikirazi zimangokhalira kutchulidwa. Kuwonetsedwa kwa matendawa mu achinyamata ndi chimodzimodzi ndi akulu.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mu achinyamata.

kumva ludzu ndi njala nthawi zonse,
kukodza kwambiri pafupipafupi,
khungu louma komanso zimagwira pakhungu, kuyabwa khungu,
kuchepa thupi kapena kunenepa kwambiri komanso kudya mokwanira komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi,
ntchito yochepetsedwa, kutopa kwambiri ndi kusakhazikika pamalingaliro (wachinyamata amakhala waukali, wosakwiya, wodera nkhawa),
kusokonezeka m'maso, kugona tulo ndi chikumbumtima,
dzanzi ndi kukokana kwa miyendo.

Matenda a shuga amabweretsa kuchepa kwa chitetezo chamthupi, motero wachinyamata nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda opatsirana. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumadziwika.

Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha matenda amtundu woyamba ndi kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone m'magazi, wodwalayo amamva kuperewera mphamvu, mseru, komanso kupweteka kwam'mimba. Mpweya wabwino kwambiri komanso mwachangu.

Poyerekeza ndi matenda am'mbuyomu, atsikana amatha kuona ngati malowa ali ndi vuto linalake. Matenda a Type 2 nthawi zambiri amakhala limodzi ndi ma polycystic ovary komanso kusokonekera kwa msambo.

Kukula kwa matenda a shuga ndi matenda a insulin nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti thupi lizikula. Akayamba kulemera, achinyamata, omwe mawonekedwe omwe amafananizidwa ndi madera awo ndiofunika kwambiri, amakhala ndi nkhawa, amakwiya, amakhala ndi nkhawa, alibe chidwi, amadya.

Ngati zizindikiro za matendawa zikanyalanyazidwa, vuto la hypo- kapena hyperglycemic lingachitike. Mitsempha yamagazi ikukwera kapena kuchepa kwambiri, wodwalayo amasiya kuzindikira. Vuto lotereli limasokoneza thanzi la achinyamata. Mu odwala matenda ashuga, mwayi wa retinopathy wokhala ndi zotupa m'maso umawonjezeka. Poyerekeza ndi matenda am'mimba a shuga, nephropathy ndi microalbuminuria atha kupezeka (kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ambiri mumkodzo). Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a yachiwiri: aimpso ndi chiwindi kulephera, khungu, matenda am'mapapo.

Chithandizo ndi kupewa

Mankhwalawa amasankhidwa payekha, poganizira zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi mtundu wa matendawa. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa shuga wawo wamagazi. Njira yothandiza komanso yosavuta kwambiri ndi glucometry. Kutengera mtundu ndi njira za matendawa, kuwunika kumafunikira kanayi mpaka kasanu ndi kawiri pa tsiku. Shuga wabwinobwino ndi 3.9-55 mmol / L.

Pofuna kupewa zovuta komanso kukhala wabwinobwino, wachinyamata yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amapanga chakudya. Zakudya ziyenera kukhala zoyenera malinga ndi zakudya zama calorie ochepa okhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic. Ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri chomwe chimamwetsa. Zomwe zimapatsa thanzi ndi masamba, chimanga, zipatso zopanda mafuta, mkaka wopanda mafuta. Osamadya chakudya chopanda thanzi komanso mowa. Siyani kusuta. Atsikana nthawi zambiri amatsata zakudya. Ena mwa iwo amaletsa zakudya kwambiri kuti muchepetse kunenepa. Ngati zakudya sizilamulidwa, zizindikiro za hypo- kapena hyperglycemia zimatha kuchitika.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amapatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga: Pioglar, Aktos, Siofor, Glucofage. Ndi kupanga insulin yokwanira, chithandizo chamankhwala cha moyo wonse chimafunika. Mlingo umawerengeredwa pawokha. Achinyamata a zaka 13 mpaka 13 a jekeseni amapezeka ndi insulini pazowerengera za 1 unit pa 1 makilogalamu a thupi patsiku. Pafupipafupi, matenda osokoneza bongo amakula - Somoji syndrome. Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa insulin pamaso panu yotupa kapena yotupa. Atsikana amafunikanso izi masiku angapo asanachitike kusamba.

Malangizo

Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ayenera kukhala moyo wokangalika. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumakuthandizani kuti mulingalire matenda anu amisala komanso shuga wamagazi. Chifukwa cha izi, kusintha kwa insulin komwe kumayendetsedwa komanso kuwonjezeka kwakanthawi pakati pa jakisoni ndikotheka. Masewera oyenera ndi kuthamanga, kusambira, kupalasa njinga. Cardio ndi maphunziro a mphamvu ayenera kuphatikizidwa.

Pofuna kupewa zovuta za achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyesedwa pafupipafupi ndi endocrinologist, ophthalmologist, gynecologist, nephrologist. Kamodzi pachaka muyenera kumalandira chithandizo kuchipatala. Kuti muchepetse shuga la magazi, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya ndikuchita pafupipafupi glucetry.

Matenda a shuga

Izi zimatchedwa matenda a shuga 1, zimatengera zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha chitetezo cha mthupi. Matendawa amapezeka pamene 95% ya insulini yopanga islet ingawonongeke kale.

Kuti muyambe kuchita izi, mufunika chosangalatsa:

matenda a ma virus (rubella, herpes, chimfine, matumbo, cytomegalovirus ndi ena),
kupsinjika
kuvulala, opaleshoni,
kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwakanthawi kogwirizana ndi insulin kapena komwe kumakhudza kapamba,
poyizoni, kuphatikizapo kusuta, mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, nitrate,
matenda a autoimmune (mapangidwe a antibodies motsutsana ndi minofu yawo) - nyamakazi, chithokomiro, zokhudza zonse lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis,
Vitamini D akusowa
zakudya zopangidwa pambuyo pobadwa, kudya koyamba ndi chimanga.

Pakati pa matenda onse a shuga, mtundu woyamba wa matenda umapezeka mwa achinyamata 90%.

Ndipo pali zambiri zokhudza matenda a shuga kwa ana.

Matenda oyipa a achinyamata

Gululi limaphatikizapo matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri mwa achinyamata. Imakulirakulira kuyambira pamenepa chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri komanso kumangokhala. Udindo wazakudya ndiwo chachikulu. Kuchulukitsa, maswiti amachititsa kuti insulini itulutsidwe, imayambitsa minyewa - kukana insulini. Izi zimathandizira kudzikundikira kwa mafuta, ndikupanga bwalo loipa. Achinyamata ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo:

onenepa kwambiri pakubadwa
chizolowezi cha diathesis paubwana,
chimfine pafupipafupi
kutupa kwa kapamba (kapamba).

Mitundu ya shuga imakhala yochepa kwambiri. Amayenda ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine:

Itsenko-Cushing - chowonjezera cha cortisol chopangidwa ndi timadzi tamadontho tambiri,
jekeseni wa poyizoni - kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa chithokomiro ndi kuphatikizika kwa thyroxine,
pituitary somatotropinoma - Kukula msanga kwa thupi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu (kukula kwa mahomoni, insulini),
pheochromocytoma - chotupa cha adrenal chomwe chimapanga mahomoni opsinjika (adrenaline, norepinephrine).

Pazaka za 14-16, matenda ashuga AMODZI ndi mitundu ina ya zovuta zamtundu wa carbohydrate metabolism (Tungsten, Alstrom syndromes) zitha kuyamba.

Mtundu woyamba

Malingana ngati kapamba amalimbana ndi mapangidwe a insulin, matenda a shuga samadziwonetsa. Pakadali pano, zitha kuwoneka pokhapokha pakufufuza zamankhwala. Kenako ikubwera nthawi yazizindikiro (Zowonekera).

ludzu lamphamvu komanso losagonjetseka (odwala amamwa oposa malita 3-5 patsiku, nthawi zina mpaka 8-10), pakamwa kowuma,
kukodza, kupukuta,
kulakalaka kwambiri komanso kuchepa kwa thupi ndi thanzi labwino (wachinyamata amatha kutaya makilogalamu 7-9 m'miyezi itatu),
kufooka wamba, kutopa,
kusokonekera, kusowa tulo, kugona ndi kuwonda masana,
kuyabwa kwa pakhungu, paziyamu, zotupa,
mabala ndi mabala sizichiritsa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Muubwana, matendawa nthawi zambiri amayamba ndi chikomokere. Odwala amakhala ndi mseru, kuwatsuka, ndi kupweteka kwam'mimba. Imakumbutsa poyizoni kapena kutupa kwa zowonjezera. Ngati matenda a shuga sapezeka pa nthawi yake, ndiye kuti amatha kusochera, mwina akhoza kuphedwa. Chizindikiro chofunikira chavutoli ndi fungo la acetone (maapulo owola) kuchokera mkamwa.

Mtundu wachiwiri

Mawonekedwe ake ndikuwonjezereka pang'onopang'ono kwa zizindikiro. Poyamba, sizikudziwika ngati mtundu woyamba wa matenda. Makolo ayenera kulabadira:

chidwi chochuluka ndi maswiti (maselo a mu ubongo samalandira mphamvu yofunikira, shuga imapereka mofulumira kwambiri),
kudya kosalekeza pakati pa chakudya,
kumenyedwa ndi njala ndi mutu, chizungulire, manja akunjenjemera, ndikusowa mukatha kudya,
kufooka ndi kugona tulo maola 1.5 mutatha kudya,
zotupa pakhungu - zotupa pustular, zithupsa, ziphuphu, kuyabwa kwambiri,
khwangwala pamalonda, kukomoka m'makona amkamwa, kusisita mapazi, manja,
zolembera wamba
matenda apafupipafupi, matenda a fungal omwe ali ndi njira yobwereza, njira zina zofowoka zamankhwala,
chidzalo, matope m'masaya.

Mawonekedwe onse amatendawa (kuchuluka ludzu, kulakalaka, kukodza) nthawi zambiri zimawonekera miyezi ingapo itatha yoyamba zizindikiro. Mukazindikira matendawa atapangidwa, pamakhala mwayi wolepheretsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa anyamata

Chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga mwa anyamata ndi kuchedwa kwambiri kwa matendawa. Pafupifupi 40% ya milandu, zotereZizindikiro:

Tsitsi pansi pa manja ndi m'malo a pubic amakula zaka 2-3 pambuyo pake (zaka 14-16),
Thupi limakhalabe lopanda mwana (mwana), lamba lakholo silikukula, minofu yolumikizidwa simapangika,
wazaka 14 mpaka 15, palibe zoipitsa (umiseche secretion usiku),
mapangidwe a minofu yam'mafupa amasokonezeka, kukula kwa thupi kumachepa.

Njira zonsezi zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga. Ndi chithandizo chosakwanira, anyamata ali ndi potency yochepa, chiwonetsero chazofooka pakugonana komanso kubereka.Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga mkodzo, kutupa kosalekeza kumachitika kawirikawiri m'malo a mbolo - balanoposthitis.

Zimayendera limodzi ndi kutupa, kufupika kwa khungu ndi kusokonekera pokodza.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga asungwana achichepere

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga asungwana achichepere 48% mwa ziwonetsero zimasokoneza msambo, kusonyezedwa kuphwanya:

kuchedwa kwa msambo woyamba (30% sakhala ndi zaka 14),
kuzungulira kwa nthawi yosiyanasiyana, kukula kwa magazi sikukhazikike kwa nthawi yayitali,
zotupa
nthawi zopweteka
Zomera zachilengedwe sizikula,
Tsitsi limayamba kufooka m'dera la pubic,
Kutupa kumawonekera mobwerezabwereza,
nembanemba ya nyini ndi labia (vulvovaginitis) imayatsidwa.

Ngati chithandizo cha matenda ashuga sichinayambike munthawi yake, ndiye kuti pakukalamba, kumachitika padera. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga umachitika kawirikawiri ndi ma polycystic ovary, omwe amaphwanya mzere wa mahomoni. Atsikana ali ndi tsitsi lakukula kwambiri pamaso pawo ndi miyendo, mafuta onenepa pakhungu, pali zotupa za ziphuphu zakumaso, kunenepa kwambiri.

Hypoglycemia

Kutsika kwa glucose kumachitika chifukwa cha kupsinjika, kuchuluka kwa thupi, mavuto azakudya, Mlingo waukulu wa insulin. Mu achinyamata, zimachitika koyamba:

kufooka, ulesi, kupsinjika,
mutu
kugwidwa ndi njala yayikulu,
kugwirana chanza
thukuta.

Ngati shuga sabwera ndi chakudya, ndiye kuti chisangalalo chimayamba, m'malo mwake ndikulephera komanso kuzindikira, kukhumudwa. Kuperewera kwa chithandizo chadzidzidzi kumakhala pachiwopsezo cha moyo. Kutsika pafupipafupi mu shuga kumasokoneza ubongo.

Ketoacidosis

Zomwe zimayambitsa ndikusowa kwa insulin. Mafuta amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphamvu, motero matupi a ketone (acetone) amapangidwa. Kulakalaka kumachepa, nseru, kusanza kumakhazikika, kupuma kumayamba msanga, phokoso. Mutha kununkhiza acetone kuchokera mkamwa mwanu. M'masiku ochepa, vutoli limasanduka khwawa lopanda chithandizo:

kusazindikira
kuthamanga kwa magazi kumagwa
zimachitika pafupipafupi komanso zofooka,
kupuma kosakhazikika.

Thandizo lodzidzimutsa limafunikira mosamalitsa.

Vuto la mtima

Amayamba matendawa akamakula. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucose, makoma amitsempha yamagazi amawonongeka. Zochita zowonongeka:

impso (nephropathy ndi kulephera kwaimpso),
ulusi wamitsempha (mitsempha, kuchepa kwa mphamvu, phazi la matenda ashuga ndi chiopsezo chodulidwa),
retina (retinopathy wokhala ndi masomphenya ochedwa),
mtima (kufooka kwa minofu ya mtima, angina pectoris, kugunda kwa mtima pamene wakula),
bongo (encephalopathy yokhala ndi chikumbumtima chovutikirapo, kusachita bwino m'malingaliro).

Zolemba za nthawi ya achinyamata odwala matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga a achinyamata amakhala ndi:

shuga wamagazi amatsika
kuchuluka kwa mahomoni omwe amatsutsana ndi insulin - kukula, chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, tiziwalo tamadontho tambiri,
kuchuluka kwa insulini ndi kufooka poyizika,
ntchito yosakhazikika yamanjenje.

Kusintha konseku kumayenderana ndi kusintha kwa ma horoni mukamakula. Chifukwa chake, nkovuta kwambiri kusankha mlingo woyenera wa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga kwa achinyamata.

Onerani vidiyo yokhudza ana ashuga ndi ana:

Vutoli limakhala lovuta chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika munyengo ino:

Zakudya zambiri, zakudya zopanda pake ndi anzanu,
kunyalanyaza kukula kwa insulin, kuwerengera molakwika,
kusafuna kuwongolera shuga wamagazi ndi glucometer,
mavuto
nkhawa zochuluka
mowa, kusuta.

Zikatero, achinyamata amafunika kuthandizidwa osati kokha ndi endocrinologist, komanso akatswiri a zamaganizo. Zithandizanso kudziwa anthu enieni omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda ashuga.

Kuzindikira matenda am'mimba mwa achinyamata

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga mu achinyamata zimatha kupezeka ndi dokotala wa ana. Amawongolera odwala kwa endocrinologist. Kupanga matenda, kuyezetsa magazi ndikofunikira:

shuga (pamimba yopanda kanthu, maola awiri atatha shuga),
insulin, omwe anali patsogolo pake (C-peptide, proinsulin),
glycated hemoglobin.

Mkodzo umayang'ana shuga ndi acetone. Kupanga kwa kapamba kumachitika.

Chithandizo cha matenda amtundu 1 a achinyamata

Pofuna kuchiza matenda amtundu wa shuga m'matenda achichepere, insulin iyenera kutumikiridwa nthawi yomweyo. Kugwiritsa ntchito umisiri wamtundu wa anthu. Mlingo ndi makonzedwe amakonzedwe amawerengedwa malinga ndi zotsatira za mayeso. Chithandizo chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:

M'mawa ndi madzulo ma analogue okhalitsa okhathamira,
pamaso chakudya chachikulu, osiyanitsa mlingo wa yochepa insulin kwa mayamwidwe chakudya.

Pakukhazikitsa mankhwala, gwiritsani ntchito syringe, cholembera ndi chida (insulin pump). Kudziyang'anira nokha kwama glucose ndizofunikira kwambiri: pamimba yopanda kanthu, musanadye chakudya chamadzulo komanso chakudya chamadzulo, komanso musanagone. Kuletsedwa kwa shuga, maswiti, zopangidwa ndi ufa, nyama yamafuta, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zakumwa zamasamba zimayambitsidwa muzakudya. Muyenera kupewa kudya mwachangu, msuzi wokoma, tchipisi ndi zokhwasula-khwasula. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira, koma zolimbitsa kwambiri.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati mitundu yachiwiri ya shuga mu achinyamata

Ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 achinyamata, muyenera choyamba kumanganso zakudya. Maziko ake azikhala ndiwo zamasamba (kupatula mbatata), nyama yopanda mafuta ndi nsomba, zinthu zamkaka zamafuta ochepa, zipatso zosapsa ndi zipatso. Mafuta a shuga ndi oyera, komanso mbale zonse zomwe zili ndi zoletsedwa. Zakudya za kunenepa kwambiri zimalimbikitsidwa kochepa kalori, m'magawo ang'onoang'ono 5-6 patsiku.

Kuphatikiza pa zakudya, zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa zimayikidwa (kusambira, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuthamanga kwa kuwala, Pilates). Mosakwanira, mapiritsi amalumikizidwa kuti muchepetse shuga.

Momwe mungapewere kukula kwa zovuta

Ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa chizindikiro cha glycated hemoglobin pafupipafupi monga momwe kungathekere (mpaka 6.5%). Uwu ndiye umboni wofunikira kwambiri wowonjezera mavuto. Pochita izi, izi zitha kuchitika osaposa 15% ya odwala.

Kuti muthane ndi matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira:

gwiritsitsani chakudya
khalani ndi nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse,
kukhala ndi thupi labwino
kuyeza shuga wamagazi pafupipafupi
tsatirani malangizo a endocrinologist ndendende,
kukayezetsedwa kwathunthu osachepera kamodzi m'miyezi itatu.

Kupewa matenda a shuga kwa achinyamata

Matenda a shuga mu achinyamata amatha kupewedwa ngakhale atakhala kuti sanabadwe bwino. Izi zikuwonetsedwa chifukwa chakuti mapasa ofanana omwe amakula mosiyanasiyana samadwala limodzi nthawi zonse. Kwa mtundu woyamba wa matenda, ndikofunikira:

yoyamwitsa mpaka miyezi 6 (osachepera),
Chitetezo ku matenda oyamba ndi ma virus (kuuma, chitetezo chokwanira),
kudya mavitamini okwanira ndi chakudya, kuyatsidwa ndi dzuwa (kutchulidwa),
kukayezetsa kudziwiratu tsogolo la shuga.

Mu mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, chinthu chachikulu ndichakudya choyenera komanso kunenepa kwambiri. Amathandizidwa ndi zolimbitsa thupi, mayeso apachaka ndi endocrinologist wokhala ndi cholowa cholemetsa.

Ndipo izi ndizambiri za kunenepa kwambiri mwa ana ndi achinyamata.

Matenda a shuga mu achinyamata amapezeka ndi madontho akuthwa m'magazi amwazi, ali ndi maphunziro oopsa. Izi ndichifukwa chakusintha kwa mahomoni. Nthawi zambiri, mtundu umodzi wa matenda a shuga umapezeka. Imadziwulula yokha ndi chiwonongeko chotheratu cha kapamba. Makamaka insulin ndi yofunika. Popanda chithandizo, chikomoka cha ketoacidotic chimachitika.

Poyerekeza ndi kudya kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri, ntchito zamagalimoto zofooka, matenda a shuga a 2 adayamba kupezeka pafupipafupi. Amakula pang'onopang'ono, kukula kwake kumatha kuyimitsidwa ndi matenda a thanzi komanso kulemera kwa thupi.

Kunenepa kwambiri kwa ana ndi achinyamata kungayambitsidwe ndizomwe zimayambitsa metabolic, kulephera kwa mahomoni, komanso kusowa kwa mphamvu zamagetsi. Pali zinthu zina zoopsa, kuphatikizapo majini. Kodi kunenepa kwambiri ndi chiyani? Kodi ndi zifukwa zinanso ziti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ana komanso achinyamata azichita zambiri?

Pali matenda a shuga kwa achinyamata chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso chibadwa. Zizindikiro zimawonetsedwa ndi ludzu, kukodza pokoka, ndi ena. Asachedwe matenda a shuga ali achichepere mwa akazi ndipo amuna amathandizidwa ndi zakudya, mankhwala, jakisoni wa insulin.

Nthawi zambiri kubadwa kwa ana kuchokera kwa makolo omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kumabweretsa kuti akudwala matenda. Zomwe zimatha kukhala mu matenda a autoimmune, kunenepa kwambiri. Mitundu imagawidwa pawiri - yoyamba ndi yachiwiri. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zili mu achinyamata ndi achinyamata kuti muzitha kudziwa ndikuwathandiza pa nthawi yake. Pali kuletsa kubadwa kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Kukayikira kwa matenda ashuga kumatha kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro zodandaula - ludzu, kutulutsa mkodzo kwambiri. Kukayikiridwa kwa shuga kwa mwana kumachitika pokhapokha ndikomoka. Kuyeserera pafupipafupi komanso kuyezetsa magazi kumakuthandizani kusankha zoyenera kuchita. Koma mulimonsemo, chakudya chimafunika.

Kuchepetsa koteroko monga matenda a shuga m'm azimayi kumatha kupezeka motsutsana ndi maziko a kupsinjika, kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni. Zizindikiro zoyambirira ndi ludzu, kukodza kwambiri, kutulutsa. Koma matenda ashuga, ngakhale atatha zaka 50, amatha kubisika. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zili m'magazi, momwe mungapewere. Ndi angati omwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga?

Kodi chida chachikulu cha matenda a ana ndi chiani?

Matenda a shuga ndi njira yokhazikika ya endocrine system, yowonetsedwa ndi kusowa kwa insulin, popanda kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, kuyamwa kwazonse shuga kwa maselo onse amthupi sikungatheke.

Ndi chitukuko cha matendawa, glucose samatha kulowa m'maselo ndi minyewa, imapitilira kuzungulira magazi, ndikupweteketsa mwana. Popeza shuga ndiye gwero lalikulu la zakudya, kuperewera ndi kusokonezeka kwakukulu kumachitika.

Wodwala akamatenga chakudya, limodzi ndi chakudya, glucose amasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu zenizeni, zomwe zimathandiza kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino komanso moyenera. Shuga amalowa mkati mwa maselo okha chifukwa cha insulin.

Ngati pali kuchepa kwa zinthu, glucose amakhalanso m'magazi, magazi pachifukwa ichi amakhala wandiweyani, ndikovuta kusamutsa maselo:

michere
mamolekyulu a okosijeni.

Popita nthawi, makoma amitsempha yamagazi amataya mphamvu zawo zakale, kupezekanso. Vutoli limakhala ndi mavuto ndi nembanemba wamanjenje.

Mu achinyamata, matendawa akuwonetsedwa ndi kusintha kwa mineral, protein, lipid, metabolism yamchere. Zotsatira zake, zovuta zingapo za matendawa zimabuka, zimawopseza thanzi ndi moyo.

Mankhwala amadziwa mitundu ingapo ya matenda, ali ndi kusiyana kwama pathogenis, zizindikilo ndi chitukuko, motere, zomwe zimasiyana mu mitundu yochizira matendawa.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga mwa mwana, kapamba amatulutsa kanthu kochepa kapena kopanda konse. Thupi limalephera kuthana ndi katundu, mulingo wa glycemia umakwera. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kubaya mahomoni pafupipafupi, imayendetsedwa pang'ono komanso panthawi yochepa.

Matenda a mawonekedwe achiwiri ndiosiyana chifukwa mumakhala zinthu zokwanira mthupi, nthawi zina kuphatikiza kwake kumatha kupitilira muyeso wamba.

Komabe, imakhala yopanda ntchito, minofu imasiyidwa ndikumverera, shuga yamagazi ikuchulukirachulukira.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga kwa achinyamata

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamavuto imakhala osiyanasiyana, ana amakhala ndi vuto la matenda oyamba, zimayambitsa zimayenderana ndi cholowa chamtsogolo, kupanikizika kosalekeza. Mtunduwu ndiwobadwa nawo, mwana amadalira jakisoni, chifukwa chake, kupatsidwa mankhwala pafupipafupi kumasonyezedwa. Zimakhala zovuta kuti minofu kupanga glucose.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda - mtundu uwu wa matenda umapezeka, samapezeka kwambiri mu achinyamata, umakhala wofanana ndi wamkulu.

Mawonekedwe a matenda a mtundu woyamba: ludzu losalekeza, kukoka pafupipafupi, kuchuluka kwa chilimbikitso, kuchepa thupi msanga kapena kunenepa kwambiri, maliseche candidiasis, mkodzo wowonjezera. Komanso, zizindikiro za matendawa zimakwiya kwambiri, kusanza, kusanza, kuyambiranso matenda apakhungu.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga kwa ana a zaka 13 mpaka 13 ndi mawonekedwe odziyimira pawokha:

kutsika kwa mawonekedwe
mucosa wouma
gamu magazi
kupindika m'makona amaso,
kutopa, kutopa.

Pathology ikhoza kukayikiridwa ndi chidwi champhamvu cha manja, mapazi. Mtundu wa harbinger ukhoza kukhala wodzipangira hypoglycemia, pomwe msinkhu wa shuga umakwera kwambiri popanda chifukwa, kenako mofulumira kwambiri.

Masewera a glucose akagwa, njala, kufooka zimachuluka, mawonekedwe a achinyamata amasanduka achikasu, makolo ayenera kulabadira izi. Chizindikiro chake nthawi zina chimaonekeranso patatu nasolabial.

Pathology imadzipangitsa yokha kumverera mwa kukhazikika kwa zochitika zina zamatenda, motero ndikofunikira kufunafuna chithandizo cha madokotala nthawi yomweyo. Mwa ana a zaka 13 mpaka 14, ndikosavuta kudziwa kuphwanya kagayidwe kazinthu kakang'ono kuposa momwe zimakhalira zaka 3; pakatha zaka zitatu, khungu limayamba kuwonekera.

Izi zimachitika kuti zizindikiro za matenda:

kusokonezedwa ndi mawonekedwe a matenda opatsirana,
wodwala sangakhale ndi chidwi naye kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ndikofunikira kuphunzitsa mwana kuti azimvera thupi lake ndikumvetsetsa kusintha kwa thanzi.

Ntchito ya makolo ndikuwonetsetsa madandaulo a ana mosamala, kuti muwone kusintha pang'ono koipa. Muubwana, matendawa amapangika pafupipafupi, koma kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe obisika sikumachotsedwa. Zizindikiro zakusintha kwa metabolic kwaposachedwa ndikofanana ndi mawonetseredwe am matendawo, muyenera kuyang'anira mabala, zilonda, kutupa m'maso, balere.

Matenda a mtundu woyamba amadziwika ndi kuchepa thupi, matendawa amatha kuchitika pazaka zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo unyamata. Pali kuchepa kwa glucose, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zosungidwa ndi mafuta, anyamata amavutika pang'ono ndikuwonetsa matendawa.

Ngakhale malangizo onse a dotolo akatsatiridwa, palibe chitsimikizo kuti:

azitha kuthana ndi matendawa
wodwala amva bwino.

Pamaso pa cholowa chamtundu wa hyperglycemia, kuyang'anira zochitika zamankhwala nthawi zonse kumafunika.

Makolo ayenera kukhala ndi nkhawa za kuwonda mwadzidzidzi, pali umboni kuti wachinyamata atha kuchepetsa thupi mpaka 10 kg, izi zimachitika masabata angapo chabe. Potere, wodwalayo amamwa madzi ambiri, kulakalaka kwake kumakulitsidwa.

Kukonzekera kwamadzulo usiku kumadziwika, ngakhale sipanakhalepo ndi mavuto ngati kale. Mwana akamadwala kwambiri, pakapita nthawi, amayamba kudwalanso mavuto ena. Nthawi zambiri ndi matenda ashuga, lilime la wodwalayo limakhala rasipiberi, ndipo khungu limachepa.

Tsoka ilo, si makolo onse amene amayang'ana izi pakapita nthawi, chifukwa choti wodwala amathandizidwa mochedwa, mankhwala samabweretsa zotsatira zomwe amafunazo.

Kuzindikira, njira zochizira

Kutenga mbali kwa dokotala wa ana kuderalo ndikofunikira kuzindikira matenda ashuga, ngati akuwakayikira matendawa, muyenera kufunsa wa endocrinologist. Pa kuyeserera, dokotala amawona kupezeka kwa khungu lochepetsa, kusintha kwa lilime, kusokonezeka kwa matenda ashuga kumaso (pamphumi, masaya, chibwano).

Pambuyo poyesedwa magazi, muyenera kuyesa mayeso a glycemia, kuchepa kwa insulin ndi hemoglobin. Kuphatikiza apo, mungafunike kupereka magazi kuti muyeze mayeso a glucose.

Amapereka mkodzo, komwe amalingalira za kukhalapo kwa acetone, matupi a ketone, mphamvu yeniyeni ya mkodzo. Njira ina yodziwitsira matenda anu ndiyo kuyezetsa magazi ndi ziphuphu.

Nthawi zina, kuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana amafunika, ndikofunikira:

Pambuyo pa matenda a labotale, dokotalayo amazindikira matendawo, ndikuwapatsa njira yothandizira.

Amathandizira matenda amtundu woyamba mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala othandizira, popeza maselo a kapamba sapereka kuchuluka kwa insulini, ndikofunikira kuti mulibenso mlingo wake. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimamwa, zizindikiritso za zinthuzi nthawi zosiyanasiyana, zimawerengedwa.

Njirayi ndiyofunika kwambiri, chifukwa poyambitsa kuchuluka kwamafuta m'thupi, thupi la mwana limagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zonse za glucose, zomwe zimapangitsa kufooka kwa thupi ndikusowa mphamvu. Wogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi ubongo, pomwe kulibe mphamvu zokwanira, matenda oopsa a hypoglycemic amakula. Ndi iye, kuchipatala chofunikira kuchipatala chofunikira. Nthawi zina, wachinyamata amatumizidwa kumalo osamalira odwala kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza pa jakisoni wa chinthu chamafuta, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti azitsatira zakudya zoyenera, kusala kudya sikuvomerezeka, pakati pazakudya zazikuluzikulu pazikhala zakudya zazing'ono zamasamba ndi zipatso. Endocrinologists ndi akatswiri azakudya zamagulu amalimbitsa thupi kuti azisiyira chakudya cham'mimba chothamanga, zakumwa za carbonated.

Maswiti amtundu wa chokoleti ayenera kukhala nanu nthawi zonse, izi zingathandize:

kuthana ndi kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi,
kupewa glycemic chikomokere.

Kuchepa kwa shuga ndikotheka ngati wodwalayo adadzivulaza yekha ndi mahomoni ochulukirapo. Nthawi ndi nthawi, muyenera kutsatira zakudya, ziyenera kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni komanso zakudya zovuta za chakudya.

Ndi chachilendo kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothandizira ngati kupatsirana kwa kapamba, ndi maselo a beta. Komabe, zochitika zoterezi zimatha kutchedwa kuti kupatula lamulo.

Chithandizo cha mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, ochita bwino komanso kudya mokwanira. Dokotala atha kukuwuzani jakisoni wa insulin, momwemo amachepetsa mwayi wosintha msanga mu glycemia.

Kuti muzindikire matendawa koyambirira, ngati pali vuto lomwe lingayambike, akuwonetsedwa kuti amapereka magazi kuzizindikira ma glucose kangapo pachaka.

Zambiri zakuyambirira kwa matenda ashuga mwa ana ndi akulu zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Sinthani zizindikiro

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine omwe amakula chimodzimodzi kwa odwala onse. Chomwe chimayambitsa kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kazakudya mwina kuperewera kwa insulin komwe kumapangidwa ndi kapamba, kapena kutsutsana ndi minyewa chifukwa cha mphamvu ya mahomoni.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa ana a zaka 12 mpaka 13 zimagawidwa mwachidziwikire komanso zobisika ndi madokotala. Ngati zizindikiro za gulu loyamba zikapezeka, dokotalayo kapena makolo osamala amakayikira kupitilira kwa matenda "okoma". Chifukwa chake nthawi imasungidwa ndipo chithandizo chimayikidwa.

Madokotala amatsimikizira zotsatirazi zomveka bwino za matenda ashuga mu achinyamata.

Pakamwa pakamwa, pomwe mu miyezi 2-3 imapitilira ludzu losatha - polydipsia. Kumwako madzi sikukhutiritsa mwana. Wodwalayo akupitilizabe kusokonezeka ndi chizindikiro ichi,
Kukodza mwachangu ndi polyuria. Chifukwa cha kumwa kwa Mlingo waukulu wamadzimadzi, chida chogwira ntchito pa impso chimakula. Ziwalo zimasefa mkodzo womwe umatulutsidwa,
Kuwonjezeka kwa chilala, komwe kumasandulika njala, ndi polyphagy. Kuchepetsa kagayidwe kazakudya nthawi zonse kumayendetsedwa ndi kusowa mphamvu. Maselo samatulutsa shuga. Zochulukitsa, thupi limafunikira chakudya chochuluka kuti lipereke minyewa yamtundu wa ATP.

Tawonetsedwa patatu amawonedwa mwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Achinyamata omwe amadzawonetsa zizindikiro ngati izi amachepetsa kapena kunenepa. Zonse zimatengera mtundu wamatenda.

Njira yodalira shuga ya insulin imayendera limodzi ndi kuchepa thupi. Adipose minofu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thupi monga gwero lamphamvu zowonjezera zomwe sizimatengedwa kuchokera ku chakudya wamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mahomoni.

Matenda a 2 a shuga amakhudza achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la 10-15%. Matendawa amakula motsutsana ndi maziko a insulin kukana, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri komanso kusintha kwa dysmetabolic. Minofu ya Adipose imapitiliza kudziunjikira ndi kupitilira kwa zizindikiro.

Kufooka kwathunthu komanso kuwonongeka kwa thanzi kumawonedwa ndi madotolo monga njira zachikhalidwe zoperekera matenda ashuga kwa achinyamata ndi odwala amisinkhu ina.

Zizindikiro zowoneka

Chithunzi chomwe chatchulidwa pamwambapa chimapangitsa dotolo kuganiza nthawi yomweyo za matenda "okoma". Komabe, pali milandu yochepa ngati imeneyi. Matenda a shuga mu 50-60% ya milandu amayamba kukula kwake ndi zizindikiro zochepa.

Dokotala nthawi zambiri amakayikira matenda ena. Lingaliro lophwanya chakudya cha carbohydrate metabolism limabwera ndi chiwonetsero cha matenda ndi mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe apamwamba.

Madokotala amasiyanitsa zizindikiro zobisika zotsatirazi za shuga kwa achinyamata, zomwe ndizowopsa ndikumakakamizidwa kukayezetsa magazi:

Kuwonongeka pakuchita kusukulu. Ngati wachinyamata anali wophunzira wabwino kwambiri ndipo adayamba kuphunzira bwino, ndikofunika kulabadira izi. Kuphatikiza pazifukwa zamagulu, kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito kumapita patsogolo motsutsana ndi maziko amasinthidwe a metabolic ndi mahormoni,
Khungu lowuma. Chophimba cha thupi ndicho choyamba kuchitapo kanthu pakusintha kwa kagayidwe. Glucose owonjezera, zotupa zoyambirira za ziwiya zazing'onoting'ono zimayendetsedwa ndi khunyu komanso mavuto ena apakhungu.
Matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi. Matenda a matenda ashuga amakayikira omwe ali ndi magawo asanu ndi limodzi a fuluwenza, tonsillitis, balere ndi mitundu inanso yamatenda osavuta a bacteria kapena bacteria.
Furunculosis. Maonekedwe a ziphuphu muunyamata amadziwika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi. Kuvomerezeka kwa matenda pamagawo ogulitsa ziphuphu kumayimira kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya,
Kugwedezeka, kutengeka mtima. Madokotala amati unyamata ndi wofunika kwambiri kwa mwana. Kapangidwe ka kubereka, kusintha kwamakhalidwe kumadziwika. Ma metamorphoses ochulukirapo ndi oopsa.

Chithunzi chotchulidwa pachipatalachi chimakhala ndi matenda amkati. Madokotala nthawi zambiri samatha kudziwa matenda ashuga nthawi yomweyo. Kupititsa patsogolo zotsimikizira, madotolo amalimbikitsa kutenga magazi kuti awunikidwe ngati muyeso wa prophylactic.

Kuzindikira koyambirira kwa hyperglycemia kumakupatsani mwayi woti musankhe bwino mankhwalawa komanso kubwezeretsa zovuta zamagulu a carbohydrate. Izi zimachepetsa chiwopsezo cha zovuta komanso zimasintha moyo wamwana.

Zisonyezo za atsikana

Matenda a shuga mu achinyamata amakhala obisika kusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi. Pazaka 12-16-16, kukhazikitsidwa kwa zida zamkati ndi zakunja zomwe zimayambitsa kupitilira kwamtunduwu kumachitika. Kwa atsikana, kusamba kumawonekera, bere limayamba kukula, mawonekedwe a mapewa ndi m'chiuno amasintha.

Kuyamba kwa matenda "okoma" panthawiyi kumakonza bwino thanzi la achinyamata. Madokotala amatsimikizira zotsatirazi zapadera za matenda ashuga mwa atsikana achichepere:

Vaginal candidiasis. Potengera maziko a kufooka kwa chitetezo, mwayi wokhala nawo mbali yachiwiri ukuwonjezeka. Zotsuka zodetsa, kukhalapo kwa zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi matenda kumachulukitsa zovuta za matenda akhunyu,
Kusamba kosavomerezeka. Muunyamata, kusamba kumayamba kuonekera. Kutengera mawonekedwe a thupi, amasiyana pakati pa atsikana osiyanasiyana. Zizindikirozo ndizovuta kukhazikitsa chifukwa cha kupangika kwa dongosolo la kubereka,
Kutengeka mtima. Kulira, komwe kumasintha pamagawo a euphoria kuphatikiza ndi kuchuluka kwam ludzu ndi chilakolako cha chakudya, kudabwitsa madokotala. Kusinthana kwa kusinthaku kumachitika chifukwa cha kusinthika.

Kulembetsa mtsikana wachinyamata odwala matenda ashuga kumatheka pokhapokha atayeza magazi kapena mkodzo. Makolo amalangizidwa kuti azisamalira thanzi la mwana ndipo ngati pali zizindikiro zowonekera, kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Zizindikiro zoyambira anyamata azaka 14

Anyamata amakonda kuchita matenda ashuga ali ndi zaka 13 mpaka 14, koma nthawi zina matendawa amawoneka ali ndi zaka 15.

Amuna achinyamata nthawi zambiri amavutika:

zotupa pakhungu
zithupsa,
kupweteka mutu komanso kusokonekera
kuchepa kwamphamvu kapena kuwonjezeka kwa thupi.

Mwa anyamata, chizindikiro chovuta kwambiri cha matenda a shuga ndi kutupa kwa khungu, chomwe chimakulitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa glucose komanso kusasamala kwa maliseche. Kuti njira ya pathological idutse, wachinyamata ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa ukhondo.

Malangizo & zidule

Zizindikiro ndi matenda ashuga si njira yokhayo yodziwira matendawa. Kuti mutsimikizire matendawa, muyenera kupereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso maola awiri mutatha kutenga njira yotsekemera mkati.

Zowonjezera zimapezeka pagome.

Zakudya zamafuta ochepa ndizofunikira kuchepetsa zizindikiro za matenda ashuga. Ndi zakudya zoterezi, ndikosavuta kuti shuga azikhala pafupi kwambiri.

Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira, kuzolowera wachinyamata kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kukhala wakhama. Ngati shuga yakula, zimathandizira kuchepetsa ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya insulin - masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusambira, aerobics.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matenda ashuga zimatha kupewa zovuta zambiri. Ambiri mwa ana ndi matenda a shuga ndi nephropathy. Momwe mungachotsere matenda ophatikizika amatha kupezeka pakuyikidwa kwa endocrinologist.

Ndikofunika kuti makolo ndi achinyamata azitha kupita kusukulu ya odwala matenda ashuga, mabuku owerengera ndi timabuku totsimikizika komwe timalimbikitsidwa kumeneko, kulumikizana pamagulu, kuwerenga zowerengera, komanso kukambirana mavuto awo ndi anthu ena.

Anthu akhala amakhulupirira kuti matenda ashuga ndi matenda achikulire. Koma, monga zidakwaniritsidwa, m'zaka makumi awiri zapitazi pakhala pakuchitika kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga pakati pa achinyamata. Tiyeni tiyesetse kupeza zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga mu achinyamata, kuzindikira zikuluzikulu za matenda ashuga mu achinyamata, ndikuganizira njira zamankhwala.

Asayansi anazindikira kale kuti choyambitsa chachikulu cha matenda a shuga ndi chibadwa cha majini. Chifukwa chachiwiri ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Tsoka ilo, achinyamata amakono amakonda chakudya kuchokera kumalesitilanti omwe amakonda kudya, amamwa mowa, amasuta fodya, ndipo ena amachita zosokoneza bongo kwambiri. Koma osati kungosuta zizolowezi zoipa zomwe zingayambitse ntchito ya jini la shuga - vuto lokhazikika lomwe limayambitsa kubweretsa matendawa.

Pali zizindikiro za matenda ashuga, zomwe akulu ndi ana onse amachita. Zowona, nthawi zina, zizindikiro zomwe zimawonekera zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda ena. Mulimonsemo, matenda aliwonse amapezeka bwino akadali achichepere.

Zizindikiro zoyambira matenda ashuga ndi:

Kusowa kwa madzi kosandulika ludzu,
kuchuluka kwakukulu pokodza usana ndi usiku,
kuwonda mwadzidzidzi
kusanza ndi kusanza
kusintha kwamwadzidzidzi,
zolakwika mu mawonekedwe a purulent mawonekedwe amapezeka pafupipafupi pakhungu.
atsikana amakomoka.

Zoonadi, Zizindikiro zake ndi matenda angapo. Koma pali zizindikiro zowopsa zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunikira kuchipatala:

kusanza pafupipafupi, kusanza,
kufunika kwachimbudzi nthawi zambiri,
kutsika kwa kupumira komanso kupumira kwapafungo, limodzi ndi phokoso lambiri,
ketoacidosis (munthawi ya kutulutsa mpweya, fungo lakuthwa la acetone limamveka),
kukwiya, kusokonezeka, kusokonezeka kwakanthaŵi,
kupezeka kwa miyendo yamtengo wapatali,
zokonda mtima.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda ashuga mu ana ndi achinyamata amapezeka ndi madokotala omwe amawonetsa zizindikiro zowopsa. Choyipa chachikulu chikafufuzidwa mukazindikira kuti wayamba kudwala matenda ashuga.

Zimakhala zovuta kuti ana akhanda azindikire matendawa, popeza mwana samadziwa kuyipa. Chifukwa chake, makolo ayenera kulabadira izi:

Mwana amadya mkaka malinga ndi zizolowezi, koma pang'onopang'ono amayamba kulemera.
kumangokhalira kulira, ndipo mphindi yakugona imabwera ndi kumwa kwambiri,
pa ma diaper, mutayikira mkodzo, mphamvu yotsekemera imapangidwa,
zotupa zosasokonekera zomwe zimachitika mozungulira genitalia yakunja,
pamwamba, mkodzo ukalowa, ukayanika umayamba kumata.
kusanza kopanda pake,
kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha kusowa kwamadzi.

Kwa unyamata, mawonekedwe awonetsero wamba amakhala akudziwika, koma ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza nthawi yodziwira matendawa atayamba. Makolo ambiri amalembera chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga pamtundu wa sukulu, potero amachedwetsa kuti matenda awonekere.

Ndikofunika kuchita mayeso ngati mungazindikire kuti mwanayo:

ali wofooka nthawi zonse, wowopa,
amatopa msanga mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi,
akudandaula za pafupipafupi migraine, mutu,
kusakhutira pafupipafupi, kusakwiya,
Ndizowopsa kuphunzira
amangokoka maswiti.

Popeza ndafika paukalamba, zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zimayamba kuonekera. Zomwe zimachitika pakusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi, pomwe ma insulin imayamba, yomwe imadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa chidwi cha maselo pazotsatira za insulin, kotero maselo sangathe kulandira shuga kuchokera ku magazi.

Pambuyo poyendera akatswiri azachipatala ndikuwatsimikizira kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga, dokotala atha kukuwuzani jakisoni wa insulin ndi tebulo lazakudya. Pankhaniyi, malamulo ena ayenera kusamalidwa:

kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi nthawi zonse
Mukamasintha glucose, sinthani jakisoni wambiri,
kuyendera akatswiri nthawi zonse, kuchita kafukufuku,
Pakatha miyezi itatu iliyonse amasanthula kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin,
kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa panthawi ya matenda opatsirana,
atsikana mu premenstrual syndrome amalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa insulin,
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kumalandira chithandizo kuchipatala kamodzi pachaka.

Zakudya zimatanthawuza kuchepetsedwa kwakukulu kwa chakudya chamagulu, kuchuluka kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Gome lazakudya silimachotsa nkhuku, nkhuku ndi nyama yazakudya. Nkhumba siyikulimbikitsidwa.

Osati kwenikweni, achinyamata amakhala ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, womwe ndi mkhalidwe wa okalamba. Chodziwika ndi matendawa ndi kupezeka kwa kunenepa kwambiri, komwe nthawi zambiri kumayamba kunenepa kwambiri.

Chifukwa chake, madokotala amalimbikitsa mwamphamvu kuti ngati matenda a shuga 1 ndi 2 azichita, zolimbitsa thupi zimayambitsidwa pazomwe zimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri insulini ndikuchepetsa thupi.

Matenda a shuga m'matenda a achinyamata nthawi zambiri amawawopsa makolo, koma kutsatira malamulo ena, zakudya zoyenera ndi jekeseni wokhazikika sizingaletse kukula kwa matenda, komanso kuchepetsa kumwa kwa insulin.

Matenda a shuga si sentensi - ndi matenda omwe amatha kudzutsira Mwamuna weniweni mwa mwana, ozolowera kulamula, kupereka chilango. Komanso mwayi wopanga thupi lokongola, chifukwa chokhala ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi mosalekeza.

Matenda a shuga kwa achinyamata: pezani chilichonse chomwe mukufuna patsamba lino. Amapangidwira odwala achichepere, ndipo makamaka kwa makolo awo. Mvetsetsani zizindikiro za kagayidwe kakang'ono ka shuga kwa anyamata ndi atsikana azaka za 11-16. Werengani za zovuta za matenda ashuga komanso kupewa. Chachikulu ndikupeza njira zabwino zamankhwala zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wokhala ndi shuga wokhazikika wa 3.9-5,5 mmol / l, siyani kudumpha. Mvetsetsani zomwe muyenera kudya ndi momwe mungawerengere moyenera mulingo wa insulin. Ikufotokozanso masewera ati omwe ali oyenera achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga Achinyamata: Nkhani Yotsimikizika

Kuchiza matenda ashuga kuubwana kumakhala kovuta. Amakhulupirira kuti 15% yokha ya achinyamata odwala matenda ashuga omwe amatha kusungitsa hemoglobin yawo yopepuka kuposa 7.0%. Osanena za machitidwe aanthu wathanzi - 4.8-5.7%. Kodi nchifukwa ninji zotsatira za gulu ili la odwala ndizosawuka kwambiri? Chowonadi ndi chakuti muubwana, chifukwa cha kutha msinkhu, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumadumpha. Izi zikuyambitsa chisokonezo m'magazi amwazi. Insulin yomwe imalowetsedwa ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri imakhala yosakhazikika. Ndipo mu achinyamata, kusakhazikika kumeneku kumawonjezeredwa chifukwa cha mkuntho wa mahomoni.

Achinyamata amakhalanso ndi chizolowezi chodzivulaza. Makamaka, amatha kuphwanya zakudya ndikukana jakisoni wa insulin. Akapulumuka unyamata, odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amalapa zopusa kwathunthu. Komabe, zovuta zovuta zosasinthika zimatha kukhala ndi vuto. Makamaka, mavuto ndi maso ndi impso. Dr. Bernstein komanso tsamba la Endocrin-Patient.Com imatiphunzitsa momwe tingakhazikitsire shuga wambiri wabwinobwino wodwala matenda ashuga 1, komanso makamaka mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga. Werengani zambiri za mtundu wa matenda a shuga 1. Ndizoyenera ngakhale kwa amayi apakati, komanso makamaka achinyamata. Zikadakhala kuti wodwalayo anali ndi chilimbikitso chotsatira malamulowa.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira ndi ludzu lalikulu, kukodza pafupipafupi, ndi kutopa. Wachinyamata amatha kukhala waukali kwambiri komanso wosakwiya kuposa masiku onse. Kuchepetsa thupi mosavutikira kumayamba. Nthawi zina zimachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a chidwi chachikulu. Zizindikiro zonsezi ndizosavuta kunena kuti mwachulukitsa maphunziro kapena chimfine, motero wodwalayo ndi abale ake samangodandaula.

Kuphatikiza pazizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, vagidi candidiasis (thrush) zimachitikabe. Poyerekeza ndi matenda ashuga am'mbuyomu, vutoli ndilovuta kuchiza. Zinthu zimayenda bwino pokhapokha patapezeka kuti shuga wa glucose wayambika ndipo chithandizo cha insulin chikuyamba. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, pamatha kukhala ovary ya polycystic, kusamba kwa msambo. Komabe, m'maiko a CIS, matenda ashuga amtundu 2 ndi osowa kwambiri mwa achinyamata.

Makolo amatha kukhala osamala pamene mwana wawo ali ndi vuto lalikulu la matenda ashuga 1: kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa, kusawona bwino, kuzindikira koopsa. Komabe, nthawi zambiri ngakhale zizindikiro zomveka izi sizinyalanyazidwa. Monga lamulo, matenda a shuga amapezeka mu achinyamata pokhapokha ataya chifukwa cha shuga wambiri. Nthawi zina, nthendayo imapezeka chifukwa cha zoyeserera zapakhomo. Zikatero, mungapewe kugundidwa koyambira kosamalidwa kwambiri.

Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndizakudya yambiri, yomwe imachulukitsa shuga mwachangu komanso mwamphamvu. Ndikofunikira kupaka jekeseni yayikulu ya insulin kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga. Komabe, insulin siyakhazikika. Zotsatira za Mlingo womwewo zimatha kusiyanasiyana ndi ± 53% pamasiku osiyanasiyana, ngakhale njira yolondola yoyendetsera bwino. Chifukwa cha izi, shuga m'magazi odwala matenda ashuga amadumpha.

Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, muyenera kusiya zakudya zoletsedwa zomwe zimadzaza mafuta. M'malo mwake, amalimbikitsa zakudya zovomerezeka zomwe zimakhala ndi mapuloteni komanso mafuta achilengedwe athanzi. Zakudya zamafuta ochepa zimachepetsa insulin chifukwa cha 5-7. Ndipo kutsitsa mlingo, kumachepetsa kufalikira kwa shuga m'magazi. Mwanjira imeneyi, ndizotheka kusunga shuga 3.9-5,5 mmol / L ngakhale ndi matenda oopsa a 1 shuga, okhala ndi C-peptide ya zero m'magazi. Ndipo makamaka ngati osakwanira kupanga okha insulin akwaniritsidwa.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mwayi wopewetsa zovuta komanso kukhala moyo wabwinobwino popanda zolakwika poyerekeza ndi anzawo. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuthetsa ntchito yovuta - kutsimikizira wachinyamatayo kuti atsatire malangizo a chipatala mosamala.

Zolankhula za Chingerezi zimalangiza makolo a achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga:

zungulirani mwana wanu ndi chisamaliro chachikulu,
kuwonetsetsa kuti m'maphunziro mulibe zochulukitsa, kuphulitsa tinthu tambiri,
Dzazani mapiri a insulini, zingwe zoyesera ndi zinthu zina zilizonse.

Zonsezi ndizopusa. Tsopano mudzazindikira chowonadi cholakwika cha ndale.

Mwinanso kusokonezeka kwamaonedwe kungapangitse wachinyamata kuti azidwala matenda awo a shuga. Konzani kulumikizana kwanu ndi odwala okalamba omwe ali kale ndi mavuto ndi miyendo, impso, kapena maso. Moyo wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndi gehena weniweni. Mwachitsanzo, dialysis ndi mankhwala olowa m'malo obanika impso. Chaka chilichonse, 20% ya odwala omwe amathandizidwa m'njira zina modzifunira amakana chithandizo china. M'malo mwake, amadzipha chifukwa moyo wawo ndi wosavomerezeka. Komabe, samalemba za izi m'mabungwe apadera a chilankhulo cha Russia. Amapanga chithunzi chokongola. Chifukwa chakuti odwala matenda ashuga atayamba kuvuta kwambiri, amasiya kufunitsitsa kulumikizana pa intaneti.

Tsoka ilo, ziwerengero zomwe zikupezeka zimaneneratu kuti simudzatha kukakamiza wachinyamata yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti ayambe kuganiza. Chifukwa chake, makolo akuyenera kulingalira za choopsa kwambiri, bwerani nazo pasadakhale ndikukonzekera, kuyesa kuchepetsa kuwonongeka. Tangoganizirani njira yomwe siyabwino kwambiri: ana anu odwala matenda ashuga adzafa ali aang'ono. Kapenanso adzalumala ndikulendewera pakhosi la makolo ake. Poterepa, sadzakhala wa Nobel wapamwamba kapena wokongoza ndalama, ndipo ngakhale zidzukulu sizingakhale. Konzekerani zomwe mudzachite ngati zinthu zitakhala chonchi.

Makolonu muyenera kulingalira zoyipa zomwe zingachitike, muzigwirizana nazo pasadakhale ndikukonzekera zochita zawo. Malinga ndi nzeru za anthu achiyuda, muyenera kukonzekera zoyipitsitsa, ndipo zabwino zimadzisamalira. Ndikosatheka kuthana ndi zakudya komanso moyo wa achinyamata. Tayani lingaliro ili m'mutu mwanu. Ngati wachinyamata wa matenda ashuga akufuna kudzipha, simungamuletse. Mukamayesetsa kuugwira mtima, zotsatira zake zimakhala zoopsa. Fotokozerani wachinyamata yemwe wadwala matenda a glucose kuti simugulitsa nyumba kuti mumupatse impso. Kenako amasuleni zinthuzo. Sinthani ku china.

Kusintha kuchokera ku ma syringe kupita pampu ya insulin sikuthandizira kuthetsa vuto la matenda ashuga mwa ana ndi achinyamata. Kuwongolera kagayidwe ka glucose pogwiritsa ntchito pampu ya insulin kumafuna wodwala kuti azichita zinthu mwadongosolo komanso kuti azitha kuwerengetsa poyambira. Si achinyamata onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe amapita patsogolo. Dr. Bernstein salimbikitsa aliyense kusinthira mpampu ya insulin konse. Chifukwa zida izi zimayambitsa mavuto osakhalitsa. Makamaka mabala am'mimba omwe amasokoneza kuyamwa kwa insulin.

Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kugwiritsira ntchito njira yowonera shuga ngati mungakwanitse. Mutha kupeza zambiri mwatsatanetsatane za zida za Dexcom ndi FreeStyle Libre ku Russia - kuyerekeza kwawo malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mitengo / zabwino, kuwunika kwa odwala, komwe mungagule, etc. Mwina, mukamawerenga nkhaniyi, zida zina zofananira zizioneka . Tili ndi chiyembekezo kuti mtengo wazipangizo zomwezo komanso zowonjezera zake zitsika chifukwa cha mpikisano wowonjezereka.

Komabe, kumasulidwa kwa ma insulin pump hybrids ndi njira zopitiliza kuyang'anira glucose sizinakonzekerebe. Mwachidziwikire, opanga akuwopa kutenga udindo pazotsatira zoyipa zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chakugwiritsa ntchito kwawoko. Onaninso kanema wa Dr. Bernstein pazakuyembekezeka kupeza yankho lenileni la mtundu wa matenda ashuga.

Achinyamata odwala matenda ashuga amatha ndipo ayenera kukhala athanzi. Komabe, muyenera kumvetsetsa bwino momwe masewera olimbitsa thupi amakhudzira shuga wa magazi.

Choyamba, ma adrenaline ndi mahomoni ena opsinjika amatulutsidwa. Amachulukitsa kwambiri milingo ya shuga.
Kupitilira apo, ndikulimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali komanso / kapena kwambiri, shuga amatsika.
Imatha kugwa molimba kwambiri kotero kuti hypoglycemia imachitika.

Atsogoleri a gulu la mpira ndi hockey amawopa kuti osewera omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga azitha kukomoka chifukwa cha shuga ochepa panthawi yolimbitsa thupi kwambiri kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi. Chifukwa chake, aphunzitsi amayesera kupulumuka ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la shuga wa glucose ochokera m'magulu awo.

Muyenera kuyeza shuga ndi glucometer musanayambe kulimbitsa thupi. Njira yowunikira glucose yopitilira si yolondola pankhaniyi. Gluceter wapamwamba yekha ndi woyenera. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe amathandizidwa ndi njira zovomerezeka salimbikitsidwa kuchita masewera omwe ali ndi shuga wambiri kuposa 13.0 mmol / L. Kwa odwala omwe amatsata zakudya zama carb otsika, kuchuluka kwake ndi 8.5 mmol / L. Ngati mulingo wambiri wa glucose ndiwoposa uwu, gwiritsani ntchito insulini kuti muchepetse ndikuchepetsa kulimbitsa thupi kwanu mpaka mawa.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyesa kukhala aonda komanso owonda. Mafuta ocheperako thupi. Chifukwa ma deposits amafuta amachepetsa mphamvu ya insulin ndipo amafunika Mlingo wambiri wa timadzi timeneti mujekeseni. Ndipo kukwera kwa mankhwalawo, kuchuluka kwake kumachitika ndipo kumadumpha mwamphamvu m'magazi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza maphunziro a Cardio ndi mphamvu. Wolemba webusaitiyi wa Endocrin-Patient.Com akuchita masewera ataliatali ndipo amakhulupirira kuti ndizothandiza kwambiri kuposa kusambira komanso kuyendetsa njinga. Dr. Bernstein wakhala akukoka zitsulo mu masewera olimbitsa thupi kwazaka zopitilira 50. Ali ndi zaka 81, adayika kanema komwe adachita zozizwitsa zenizeni, zosatheka ndi munthu aliyense wocheperako, ngakhale wazaka 30 mpaka 40. Njira ina sikuti mupite ku masewera olimbitsa thupi, koma kuphunzitsa ndi zolemetsa zanu kunyumba.

Mabuku abwera ndi othandiza:

Qi thamanga. Njira yosinthira yoyenda popanda kuchita khama komanso kuvulala.
Malo ophunzitsira. Njira yachinsinsi yophunzitsira zolimbitsa thupi.

Ngati muphunzitsa mwakhama, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin yayitali komanso yachangu ndi 20-50%. Kuchulukitsa chidwi cha thupi kwa insulin ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino zambiri zomwe maphunziro akuthupi amapereka. Pa maphunziro, muyenera kuyeza shuga ndi glucometer mphindi 15-60 zilizonse. Ngati mukumva kuti muli ndi hypoglycemia, fufuzani shuga lanu la magazi nthawi yomweyo. Ngati ndi kotheka, kwezani bwino, idyani chakudya - osapitirira 6 magalamu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti mugwiritse ntchito shuga m'magome ngati gwero lama chakudya. Palibe maswiti, ma cookie, ndipo makamaka zipatso.

Ndikofunika kukhalabe ndi chizolowezi chosewera masewera ngati munthu wamkulu, osati monga wachinyamata. Ili ndiye nkhani yoika moyo patsogolo. Maphunziro akuthupi ndi njira zina zolimbikitsira thanzi la anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala oyamba. Ndipo ntchito ndi china chilichonse - ndiye. Kulephera kuchita zolimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumachitanso chofanana ndi kusuta ndudu 10-15 patsiku. Funsani ma telleres ndi momwe amagwirizanirana ndi chiyembekezo chamoyo. Mpaka pano, njira yokhayo yowonjezera kutalika kwa ma telomeres ndi kudzera pakuphunzira kwambiri. Palibe mankhwala omwe angathetsere vutoli.

Kubisa shuga yanu kwa anzanu ndi lingaliro loipa. Matendawa amayenera kuthandizidwa modekha, chifukwa siopatsirana. Matenda a shuga sayenera kusokoneza moyo wabwino. Pokhapokha mutayenera kunyamula ndipo nthawi zina mumagwiritsa ntchito glucometer, komanso zida zothandizira kuperekera insulin. Ngati muli ndi anzanu otere omwe muyenera kuwabisira shuga, ndibwino kusintha kampani. Makamaka ngati anzanu akufuna kuchitira munthu wodwala matenda ashuga owopsa kapena milingo yayikulu ya mowa.

Choyamba, timakambirana zakukula kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe amathandizidwa ndi njira zovomerezeka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amadya chakudya chamagulu ambiri, amapaka jekeseni yambiri ya insulin ndipo amakumana ndi shuga. Monga lamulo, zovuta zazikulu za matenda a shuga sizikhala ndi nthawi yakukula muubwana. Kuyeza kwa magazi ndi mkodzo komwe kumayesa ntchito ya impso kukukulira pang'onopang'ono. Pakhoza kukhala zotupa m'maso chifukwa cha retinopathy. Koma kulephera kwakhungu ndi khungu khungu kumatha kukhala vuto lalikulu pokhapokha atakula.

Izi zimathandiza makolo kuti achepetse kuyesayesa kwa ana awo kuti asadwale. Monga, ife tikufika pamsanje, kenako timulole iye kuthana ndi mavuto ake. Achinyamata odwala matenda ashuga amakula pang'onopang'ono kuposa anzawo. Amasiyanso m'maganizo. Koma masiku ano, motsutsana ndi maziko wamba, izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavomerezeka. Zizindikiro zina za matenda ashuga a m'mimba mwina zikuwoneka kale muunyamata. Mwachitsanzo, kulephera kusuntha phewa lanu kapena pindani manja anu molimba. Pakhoza kukhala kulira, kupweteka, kapena kugona m'miyendo.

Mwakutero, zovuta zonsezi zitha kupewedwa. Wachinyamata yemwe ali ndi vuto la glucose metabolism sangakule kwambiri kuposa anzawo komanso kupitiriza kucheza nawo m'njira iliyonse. Kuti muchite izi, makolo ayenera kuthetsa mavuto awiri:

Samutsani banja lonselo ku chakudya chamafuta ochepa kuti chakudya chosaloledwa chitha kwathunthu kunyumba.
Kukopa wachinyamata yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti azitsatira zakudya komanso osadya chilichonse mwamseri, ngakhale atakhala kuti alibe.

Mabanja omwe adwala matenda ashuga m'mibadwo yaying'ono sangathe kukwaniritsa izi. Mwayi wakuchita bwino umakhala wokwera kwa anthu omwe amadziwa Chingerezi. Chifukwa amatha kupempha thandizo pa gulu la Facebook mtundu1grit. Amakhala ndi anthu mamiliyoni ambiri, kapena osawerengeka, omwe amawongolera matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1 omwe amakhala ndi zakudya zotsika za carb ndi zanzeru zina za Dr. Bernstein. Pali achinyamata ambiri odwala matenda ashuga komanso makolo awo. Pa intaneti yolankhula Chirasha, palibe ngati izi.

Kupsinjika kwa odwala matenda ashuga kumachitika chifukwa cha kutaya mtima, kusatha mphamvu, komanso kulephera kuchepetsa zovuta. Odwala omwe amathandizira matenda awo a shuga pogwiritsa ntchito njira za Dr. Bernstein amayang'ana mtsogolo molimba mtima. Amakhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino ndipo amadziwa kuti sakumana ndi zovuta zambiri. Chifukwa chake, alibe chifukwa chokhumudwa. Dr. Bernstein nthawi ina adadwala omwe adakumana ndi mayeso osiyanasiyana kuti adziwe kukula kwa kupsinjika. Pambuyo pakupambana pakulamulira kagayidwe ka glucose, malingaliro awo nthawi zonse amabwerera kwawamba.

Zizindikiro za anyamata

Thupi la anyamata ochepera zaka 20 limasinthidwa ndi mahormone pofika zaka 1-16. Amuna achichepere akuona kusintha kwa kamvekedwe ka mawu, kukula kwa tsitsi laimphongo kumapita patsogolo, minofu ikuwonjezeka, komanso kuchuluka kwakanthawi kwakanthawi.

Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuthandizira kukayikira matenda ashuga:

Nocturia imakhala kukodza usiku. Kuchulukitsa kwamadzimadzi pakugona kumapitilira masana. Nthawi zina kugona kwamkodzo kumayamba,
Kuyenda kunja kwa maliseche. Kukula kwa chizindikirocho kumatengera ukhondo, kuopsa kwa hyperglycemia, machitidwe a wodwala wina,
Kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa. Chizindikiro chomwe chimadziwika ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amadalira insulin. Pali kudzikundikira kwa matupi a ketone m'magazi, zomwe zimayambitsa chizindikiro.

Anyamata muubwana yemwe akudwala matenda a shuga amawona kusinthasintha kwa thupi. Khalidwe limasintha. Achinyamata amakhala otsekeka kwambiri kapena ongokhalira okangana. Kuti muwonetsetsetsetsetsetsetsetse, ndikofunikira kuyesedwa.

Kukula kwa matenda ashuga m'mimba kumayendera limodzi ndi kuchepa msanga kwa anyamata ndi atsikana. Ngati makolo adazindikira izi, ndiye kuti matendawa adayamba kale “achitapo” kwa zaka zingapo.

Zizindikiro zasayansi

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito zoyesa zasayansi ndikuyesa kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi, mkodzo umatsimikizira kapena kukana kukayikira kwa makolowo. Njira zodziwika bwino zomwe madokotala amati:

Kuyesa kwa magazi
Urinalysis
Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa glycosylated hemoglobin.

Mbali yoyamba, glycemia imayesedwa. Wodwalayo amapereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu. Makhalidwe abwinobwino ndi 3.3-55 mmol / L. Kuchulukitsa manambala kumawonetsera kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kazakudya. Kuti atsimikizire matendawa, madokotala amabwereza phunziroli katatu.

Urinalysis ndi mayeso osadziwika. Amawonetsa kukhalapo kwa shuga m'magazi amadzimadzi okha ndi hyperglycemia pamtunda wa 10 mmol. Kuwunikako kumaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wovomerezeka mukamayang'ana momwe wodwala wokhala ndi matenda a shuga omwe akuwakayikira.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa glycosylated hemoglobin kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe amagwirizana ndi chakudya. Nthawi zambiri, ndende sizipitilira 5.7%. Kuwonjezeka kwa 6.5% kumawonetsanso matenda ashuga.

Nthawi zina sizotheka kudziwa matenda “okoma” mu unyamata. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuwunika bwino thanzi la mwana.

Chenjezo: Zizindikiro

Pali zifukwa zambiri za matenda ashuga. Zizindikiro muubwana ayenera kukhala chizindikiro chothandizira kuchipatala mwachangu. Ndikofunika kulabadira zizindikiro zotere:

Kukodza pafupipafupi, komwe sikunawonedwe kale.
Ngati chilakolako cha chakudya ndichabwino, koma kuchepa kwambiri kwa thupi kwazindikirika, ichi ndi chifukwa chokayikira kuti achinyamata azikhala ndi matenda ashuga. Zizindikiro ndizoyenera matenda ena angapo, koma amafunika kuwachotsa.
Ngati zonyansa mu ntchito ya thupi ndikupatuka m'mwazi zachitika, ndiye kuti pali ludzu lamphamvu. Magazi akakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose, thupi limachepa mofulumira kwambiri. Ndikwabwino kubwezeretsanso madzi ndi timadziti kapena ma compote, koma osati ndi madzi oyera.
Wachinyamata akayamba kudandaula za kutopa pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti ndibwino kumupeza. Ngakhale zitakhala kuti si shuga, mutha kuchotsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ena.
Ngati pali madandaulo kuti miyendo imatha ndipo yatupa, ndiye chifukwa china chokayikira kuti achinyamata azikhala ndi matenda ashuga.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimatha kupezeka matenda opumira kwa nthawi yayitali. Poyang'ana koyamba, ndizovuta kupeza china chilichonse chofanana ndi matenda ngati awa, koma izi ndi chifukwa cha ntchito ya thupi lonse, ndipo kuti tisataye nthawi, ndibwino kuyesedwa.

Chizindikiro chodabwitsa chomwe chitha kukhala chidziwitso ndi mabala ochiritsa bwino. Ngati mabala ang'onoang'ono samachiritsidwa, ndiye kuti mumapezekanso m'malo awa.

Kwa zoposa theka la chaka, matendawa amatha kupitilira mobisa, komanso kupweteka mutu komanso kutopa, limodzi ndi kusokonekera, komwe nthawi zina kumachitika chifukwa cha kusinthika kwa zaka, adzawonjezera madandaulo. Koma kupatula izi, palinso chidwi chofuna kudya maswiti. Panthawi yakutha msambo, matendawa amatha. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni, mphamvu ya mankhwala nthawi zina imachepetsedwa.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, womwe achinyamata omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri nthawi zambiri amadwala, madandaulo akukhudzana ndi kuwonongeka konsekonse m'moyo wabwino.

Mukayesa magazi oyamba, ndiye kuti pali matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa shuga kudzawonekeramo. Dokotala adzatha kudziwikitsa moyenera atapima mayeso athunthu.

Zomwe makolo ayenera kuyang'anira

Sikuti makolo onse amakhala ndi maphunziro a udokotala, koma izi sizilepheretsa iwo kusamala ndi thanzi la ana awo. Matenda a shuga amawonekera mosiyana ndi achinyamata. Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zonse nthawi imodzi sizikhumudwitsa munthu m'modzi, ndipo sizowonetsa zonse zomwe zingatchulidwe. Makolo amatha kulabadira nthawi ngati kuchepetsa thupi, kuwonda pafupipafupi, kulimbitsa thupi kosalekeza. Pazotsatira zomaliza, ziyeso ziyenera kuchitika kangapo.

Matenda a Endocrine amaphatikizana ndi zovuta zina ku ziwalo zina, motero ndikofunikira kuzindikira matendawa koyambirira kuti athe kutsimikizira kuthandizira thupi momwe angathere polimbana ndi matendawa.

Ngati mukukayikira shuga, kulumikizana ndi endocrinologist

A endocrinologist amatha kuyambitsa matenda amtunduwu, koma samachita izi pamsonkhano woyamba. Wodwalayo amayesedwa ndi madotolo osiyanasiyana asanalandire malingaliro omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga. Mu achinyamata, Zizindikiro zimatha kuwoneka zofanana ndikugwiranso matenda ena. Kupatula matenda ena, achinyamata amafufuzidwa kwathunthu.Ngati matendawa atsimikiziridwa, ndiye kuyambira pano ndibwino kusamalira thupi lanu mosamala komanso mosamala. Mavuto omwe amadza chifukwa cha kupezeka ndi matendawa, kuti akhale omverera, chinthu chachikulu sikuti kuwonjezera iwo ndi zizolowezi zoyipa komanso moyo woipa. Ngati zizindikiro za matenda a shuga zimapezeka mwa achinyamata a zaka 14, ndiye kuti makolo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mokwanira mayeso ndi kupitiliza chithandizo.

Pakadali pano, ndizosowa kwambiri kuzindikira zovuta za momwe wodwalayo alili, makamaka ngati matendawa sananene. Mu magawo oyamba, kutenga nawo mbali kwa makolo ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ana amatha kutopa ndi miyeso yodutsa magazi komanso yosasangalatsa. Mwambiri, amatha kuyiwala za kudya kwakanthawi.

Udindo wa shuga m'thupi

Matenda a shuga ndi amodzi mwa matenda omwe angayambitse zovuta m'magulu osiyanasiyana, omwe amakhudza kwambiri moyo. Glucose ndiye chakudya champhamvu thupi lonse. Mu metabolism, amachita gawo lofunikira. Uwu ndiye gwero lamphamvu kwa thupi lonse. Kwa minyewa ndi ziwalo zina, ndiye kuti glucose yekha ndioyenera kukhala gwero lamphamvu. Ndipo ngati insulin ikasiya kuperekera mahomoniwo komwe ikupita, ndiye kuti ziwalozi zimavutika.

Kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga

Matendawa ndi oyipa ali ndi zaka zilizonse, zachisoni akazindikira kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga. Zizindikiro zomwe zili m'magawo oyamba sizitha kudziwonetsa bwino, ndipo matendawa nthawi zina amapezeka mwangozi, pamayeso azachipatala kapena akakumana ndi madokotala omwe ali ndi matenda ena. Matenda a shuga amayamba kukula komanso kukulitsa mkhalidwe wa munthu.

Matenda a shuga obwera kumene amawonekera, nthawi yochulukirapo imayenera kumenya thupi laling'ono ndipo pamapeto pake amawonekera muzizindikiro komanso zovuta zina. Mkhalidwe wamoyo wachinyamata ukukula kwambiri, ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa moyo wake ndi thanzi lake, kuwunika shuga wamagazi ndikulongosoka kwambiri pankhani izi.

Mavuto aakulu kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga

Matendawa ndi oopsa chifukwa amapereka zovuta ku ziwalo zambiri komanso thanzi la munthu lonse. Ziwalo zamawonedwe zimakhudzidwa: munthu akamadwala matenda, ndiye kuti khungu lake silidwanso. Pali milandu yotayika kwathunthu.

Chimodzi mwazovuta ndizowonongeka kwa impso, gangore nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'malo otsika. Chifukwa cha izi, munthu amatha kudumphadumpha poyenda.

Matenda am'mbali ndi matenda a shuga (encephalopathy), omwe amatanthauza kuti njira za m'magazi zimachitika mu ubongo. Mu ziwalo zamkati ndi miyendo, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kumatha.

Matenda a diabetes a osteoarthropathy amawonetsedwa ndi chiwonongeko cha mafupa ndi mafupa. Komanso, matenda ashuga amakhumudwitsa ischemic matenda ndi zovuta zake (myocardial infarction). Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga wazaka 14 ndi chizindikiro choopsa. Pakadali pano, thupi limayamba kukula, ndipo kusokonezeka kotereku sikungakhudze moyo wamtsogolo.

Matendawa akupita patsogolo nthawi zonse, chifukwa chake zovuta zatsopano ndi zokumana nazo zimabuka, kuphatikizapo zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kugonana (onse anyamata ndi atsikana). A Guys amatha kutaya chilakolako chogonana, ndipo mtsogolo, mwayi wakuthupi wotenga nawo mbali pazogonana. Atsikana sangathe kubereka mwana, chiberekero chimayamba kuzimiririka, zotupa zimachitika. Matendawa ndi oyipa pakokha pazaka zilizonse, koma nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti achinyamata azikhala ndi ana.

Zovuta za shuga

Zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa sizikuwoneka zosangalatsa, koma izi sizoyipa kwambiri zomwe achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga angakumane nazo. Ngati zizindikiro za matenda a shuga zimapezeka mwa achinyamata azaka 17, munthu ayenera kukumbukiranso kusintha kwakuthupi komwe kumachitika mwachilengedwe pakadali pano.

Pali kukonzanso kwa mahomoni m'thupi, pamakhala mawonekedwe. Uwu ndi m'badwo wa ziwonetsero komanso kukana ulamuliro, wachinyamata nthawi zonse safuna kumvera zonena za madokotala ndi makolo. Kodi ndizotheka kukakamiza munthu kuti azisamalira thanzi lake? Mwina ayi. Pankhaniyi, mwana amangolandira upangiri kuchokera kwa katswiri, koma amadzisankhira yekha ndipo ayenera kuyang'anira udindo wake wathanzi. Ngati simuyankha pazosowa za thupi lanu, yankho lake limakhala lovuta kwambiri.

Zomwe kusayang'anira kumabweretsa

Khalidwe losasamala limatha kubweretsa zovuta, pakati pawo amakhala akhungu. Zimachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsika kwambiri, koma palibe chomwe angakweze pakadali pano. Coma nthawi zambiri imachitika pambuyo pakuwonjezera mphamvu kapena kumwa. Angayambitsidwe ndi kugawanika m'maso, njala yayikulu, kunjenjemera miyendo ndi thukuta. Pakakomoka kukachitika, kuchipatala kumafunikira. Munthawi imeneyi, muyenera kumwa chakumwa chilichonse chabwino. Ngati wodwalayo watha kale kuzindikira, ndiye ambulansi isanafike ayenera kuyika shuga pansi pa lilime lake. Muyenera kumvera thupi lanu, ndipo wachichepere ayenera kukumbutsidwa izi mpaka atakhala woyang'anira pankhaniyi.

Mantha a hypoglycemic coma - mungachotse bwanji?

Kuyeza miyezo ya shuga si miyambo yosasangalatsa, yatsiku ndi tsiku, yopweteketsa mtima, koma mkhalidwe wofunikira kuti thupi likhwime, kukhwima ndi kukula monga liyenera. Tisaiwale kuyeza shuga wamagazi, pafupifupi kanayi pa tsiku tisanadye chachikulu: chakudya cham'mawa, chakudya chamadzulo ndi chakudya chamadzulo, komanso nthawi zonse asanagone. Achinyamata akuti amakhala ndi mantha obwera chifukwa cha usiku, chifukwa m'maloto samva chilichonse.

Koma poletsa izi, ndikokwanira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga pogona, ndipo ngati chizindikirocho chili m'munsi mwa mamililita 5 pa lita imodzi, boma lingayambike. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kumwa zowonjezera zamagulu ena. Mutha kufunsa makolo kuti atenge muyeso wa usiku wa glycemia, ndikokwanira kuchita izi kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata. Makolo ayenera kuyang'anira matenda ashuga achichepere kuti athandize ana awo kuthana ndi mantha ndi nkhawa.

Ngati muyeza shuga m'magazi usiku, ndikudziwa kuti sizipitilira malire ovomerezeka a mwana, mutha kumva kuti ndinu omasuka. Musaiwale kuti mukabwera kudzacheza kapena kusonkhana m'makampani omwe muli ndi anzanu, muyeneranso kuyeza shuga m'magazi ngati pali mtundu wina wa chakudya.

Mowa ungapangitse kukula kwa hypoglycemia, umalepheretsa kuphipha kwa shuga chiwindi. Kuphatikiza ku kuledzera komanso kuzindikira kosakwanira m'dziko lino, izi zitha kubweretsa zotsatira zoyipa. Zambiri zakuchitikira zimatha kupewedwa ngati mungakhale ndi moyo woyenera komanso kutsatira malangizo.

Kuzindikira koyambirira matenda mu achinyamata

Matendawa akazindikiridwa, matendawa amakhala othandiza kwambiri. Izi zimachitika makamaka pamene matenda ashuga amatsimikiziridwa mwa achinyamata. Zizindikiro, mawonekedwe a matendawa amafunika kuti wodwala azikhala ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi thanzi lawo.

Mu chiwalo chomwe chikukula, zolakwika zilizonse zayamba kupatuka kale, zomwe zikuyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Kuti muzindikire matendawa m'masiku oyambira, muyenera kuzindikira kusintha kulikonse komwe kumachitika m'thupi la mwana. Muyenera kumvetsera mwachidwi ana omwe kholo lawo lili ndi matenda ashuga. Matendawa akuyenera kubadwa nawo. Pofuna kuti asalakwitsane ndi zotsatirapo zake, dokotalayo atha kuperekanso mayeso omwewo kangapo.

Kodi matenda ashuga amayamba bwanji ali mwana?

Cholinga cha chiwonetsero cha matendawa ndi zifukwa zina, ndipo asanalembe mankhwala, endocrinologist ayenera kudziwa kuti ndi yani.

Heredity ndichinthu chofunikira. Nthawi zambiri, majeremusi odwala amapatsiridwa kwa mwana kuchokera kwa mayi. Ndipo sikofunikira kuti mwana adwale kuyambira tsiku loyamba la moyo wake. Matenda a shuga amatha kuwonekera m'zaka zochepa, atakula. Zizindikiro zimangowonetsa kuti limagwirira la matenda likuyenda. Ngati vuto lotere limadziwika, ndikofunika kudzipulumutsa kwa oyambitsa matendawa.

Koma osati chibadwa chokha chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, pali ena. Chowonjezera chikhoza kukhala cholemera kwambiri. Ngati mumadwala pafupipafupi ndimatenda osavuta monga chimfine, rubella kapena nthomba, ndiye kuti matenda amapezeka.

Nthawi zambiri madokotala amapereka mankhwala kwa ana omwe amawononga mphamvu ya kapamba, izi zimatha kuyambitsa matenda.

Kumwa glucose m'magazi kumabweretsa mowa. Kupsinjika ndi chisangalalo zomwe zilipo muunyamata ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga. Zizindikiro muubwana zimatha kusiyidwa osakhudzidwa kwakanthawi, chifukwa achinyamata sanyalanyaza thanzi ndipo sadziwitsa makolo awo.

Kodi achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga angapite nawo kumasewera?

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumakhudza thupi pafupifupi nthawi zonse. Mutha kusankha masewera aliwonse omwe mzimu umagona: aerobics, tennis, kusambira. Mukamasewera masewera, musaiwale za kuyeza miyezo ya shuga ndikumadya chakudya chamafuta, kuti pasachitike zochitika zosayembekezereka zomwe zingakhudze zotsatira za mpikisano kapena kusewera kwa timu. Komanso, wophunzitsa ayenera kudziwa zaumoyo, kuti pakakhala mavuto amvetsetse zomwe akuyenera kuchita.