Mapiritsi abwino kwambiri ochepetsa cholesterol: mndandanda ndi mitengo

Cholesterol - Ndiwo mowa wamafuta, womwe umapezeka m'zipangidwe za selo.

Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ziwiri - cholesterolndi cholesterol. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa awiriwa? M'malo mwake, ili ndi dzina la chinthu chomwecho, kokha m'mabuku azachipatala omwe akuti "cholesterol"Kuyambira chimaliziro"ol"Chimawonetsera ubale wake ndi ma alcohols. Katunduyu ndi amene amapereka mphamvu. ma cell membrane.

Koma ngati mulingo wa cholesterol m'thupi ukachuluka, mafupa a cholesterol amapezeka m'makoma a zotengera, zomwe, kusokonekera, zimapangitsa malo abwino kuti apangidwe kuundana kwa magazi. Mapilala amachepetsa lumen ya chombo.

Chifukwa chake, pambuyo pofufuza za cholesterol, adokotala, ngati pakufunika, asankha chochita ndi cholesterol yayikulu. Ngati kusintha kwa kusanthula kwa cholesterol kukuwonetsa kukwera kwake, katswiri amapereka mankhwala okwera mtengo - ma statins, omwe adapangidwa kuti alepheretse matenda a mtima. Ndikofunika kuti adotolo afotokozere kuti pambuyo pokhazikitsidwa, wodwalayo ayenera kumwa mapiritsi nthawi zonse, monga momwe malangizo angagwiritsidwire ntchito.

Koma mankhwala a anticholesterol ali ndi zovuta zina, zomwe madokotala ayenera kuchenjeza odwala, ndikufotokozera momwe amamwa mapiritsi molondola.

Chifukwa chake, munthu aliyense wokhala ndi cholesterol yokwanira ayenera kusankha ngati angamwe mankhwalawa.

Pakadali pano, magulu awiri akuluakulu a mankhwala a cholesterol amaperekedwa: ma statinsndi mafupa. Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti odwala adye Lipoic acid ndi Omega 3. Otsatirawa ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti muchepetse cholesterol. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumakhala koyenera pokhapokha pakufufuza komanso kuikidwa ndi dokotala.

Statins kuti muchepetse cholesterol

Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kudziwa kuti maulosi ndi chiyani - zomwe ali, mapindu ndi zovulaza za mankhwalawa, etc. Ma Statin ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kupanga kwa thupi micherechofunikira pakuchitika kwa cholesterol synthesis.

Mu malangizo a mankhwalawa, mutha kuwerenga izi:

• Chepetsani cholesterol ya plasma chifukwa chopinga HMG-CoA reductasekomanso kuchepetsa kapangidwe ka cholesterol m'chiwindi.
• Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mwa anthu akuvutika homozygous achibale hypercholesterolemiaomwe sangathenso kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya lipid.
• Makina awo amachitidwe amachepetsa cholesterol yonse ndi 30-45%, "yoyipa" - mwa 40-60%.
• Mukamatenga ma statins HDL cholesterol ndi apolipoprotein Aamadzuka.
• Mankhwalawa amachepetsa mwayi wovuta wa ischemic ndi 15%, makamaka, malinga ndi zomwe akatswiri a mtima ananena, chiopsezo angina pectorisndi myocardial infarationamatsika ndi 25%.
• No mutagenic ndi carcinogenic zotsatira.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Mukatenga, zotsatira zoyipa zambiri zitha kudziwika:

• Zotsatira zoyipa: asthenia, kusowa tulo, mutu, kudzimbidwa, nserukupweteka m'mimba kutsegula m'mimba, myalgia, chisangalalo.
• Matumbo oyenda: kutsegula m'mimba, kusanza, hepatitis, kapambacholestatic jaundice kukomoka.
• Machitidwe amanjenje: chizungulire, amnesia, hypesthesia, malaise, paresthesia, zotumphukira neuropathy.
• Mawonetseredwe amatsutsa: zotupa ndi Khungu, urticaria, anaphylaxis, erythema wachikulire, matenda a Lyell.
• Musculoskeletal system: kupweteka kumbuyo myositis, kukokana, nyamakazi, myopathy.
• Kupanga kwa magazi: thrombocytopenia.
• Njira zachikhalidwe: hypoglycemia, matenda ashugakunenepa kunenepa, kusabalazotumphukira edema.
• Vuto lalikulu kwambiri la mankhwala a statin ndi rhabdomyolysiskoma izi zimachitika kawirikawiri.

Ndani ayenera kutenga ma statins?

Kudziwitsa zomwe ma statins, zotsatsa zotsatsa ndi malangizo a mankhwala amawonetsa kuti ma statins - awa ndi mankhwala othandiza kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi (cholesterol), omwe amakulitsa kwambiri moyo, komanso kuchepetsa mwayi wakutukuka mikwingwirima, myocardial infaration. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsiwa tsiku lililonse ndi njira yabwino yotsitsira cholesterol.

Koma zoona zake, mpaka pano palibe chidziwitso chokwanira chidziwitso chokwanira ngati chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi mankhwalawa ndichabwino komanso chothandiza. Inde, ochita kafukufuku ena amati zovuta zomwe zingavulaze komanso zotsatirapo zake zimaposa zabwino za ma statins monga prophylactic yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa matenda a mtima. Akatswiri akutsutsanabe kuti atenge ma statin, omwe amayeza zabwino ndi zowawa. Madokotala masiku ano pamakhala nkhani zotsutsana pamutuwu “Ma Statin - Ubwino ndi Chuma».

Koma, komabe, pali magulu ena a odwala omwe ma statins ndi ovomerezeka.

Mawumbidwe aposachedwa kwambiri ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito:

• kupewa kwachiwiri pambuyo sitirokokapena vuto la mtima,
• at opaleshoni yomanganso pa ziwiya zazikulu ndi pamtima,
• at myocardial infarationkapena pachimake coronary syndrome,
• at matenda amtsempha wamagazi ndi mwayi wowonjezereka wa stroko kapena vuto la mtima.

Ndiye kuti, mankhwala a cholesterol amawonetsedwa kwa odwala a coronary kuti awonjezere moyo wawo. Pankhaniyi, kuti muchepetse mavuto, dokotala asankhe mankhwala oyenera, kuwunika magawo a biochemical. Ngati pali kuchuluka kwa ma transaminase okwana 3, ma statins adathetsedwa.

Upangiri wofotokozera gulu la mankhwalawa kwa odwala otere ndiwokayikira:

Ngati ma statins amaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, angafunikire mapiritsi owonjezera kuti muchepetse shuga mkati magazi, popeza odwala ma statins amawonjezera shuga. Mankhwala ochepetsa shuga wamagazi amayenera kutumizidwa ndi kusinthidwa ndi adokotala okha.

Pakalipano, ku Russia, njira zochizira matenda amtima zambiri zimaphatikizanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins. Koma, ngakhale kuti kuthandizidwa ndi azachipatala kumachepetsa kufa, ichi sichofunikira kuti pakhale mankhwala kwa anthu onse omwe ali ndi matenda amitsempha yamagazi kapena matenda oopsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo sikuloledwa ndi anthu onse omwe ali ndi zaka 45, kapena ndi onse omwe ali ndi cholesterol yapamwamba.

Ndikofunikira kuganizira momwe mankhwalawa amaphatikizira ndi mankhwala ena.

Ngati ndi kotheka, dokotalayo amapereka mankhwala ena ochizira matenda a mtima limodzi ndi mankhwala a anticholesterol: Diroton, Concor, Propanorm ndi ena

Diroton(yogwira pophika - lisinopril) imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa matenda oopsa.

Concor(yogwira pophika - bisoprolol hemifumarate) ogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ochepa matenda oopsakulephera kwa mtima angina pectoris.

Mndandanda wa mankhwala a statin

Ndiomwe mankhwalawa amagwirizana ndi ma statins, ndi ntchito yawo yochepetsera cholesterol, imapezeka pagome pansipa.

Kodi mungasankhe ma statins?

Ngakhale malingaliro onse okhudzana ndi ma statins a kutsitsa cholesterol, wodwalayo ayenera kusankha kuti atenge mankhwalawa, koma izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mothandizidwa ndi katswiri. Chofunikira, choyambirira, osati kuwunika, koma kusankha kwa dokotala.

Ngati munthu adaganiziratu kutenga ma statins, ndiye kuti kusankhidwa sikuyenera kukhala mtengo wamankhwala, koma, choyamba, kupezeka kwa matenda osachiritsika.

Kudzichitira nokha, ngati cholesterol imakwezedwa, palibe mankhwala omwe angachitike. Chithandizo cha cholesterol chachikulu ndi lipid kagayidwe kachakudya kamafotokozedwa ndi mtima kapena akatswiri. Potere, katswiriyo ayenera kuwunika zotsatirazi:

• zaka
• jenda
• kulemera
• zizolowezi zoipa
• matenda a mtima dongosolo, matenda ena (shuga mellitus, etc.).

Ndikofunika kumwa ma statins mu mlingo womwe adauyambitsa ndi dokotala, pomwe ndikofunikira kumwa kuyesa kwamwazi wamagazi nthawi zambiri malinga ndi katswiri.

Ngati mapiritsi okwera mtengo adalembedwa, mutha kufunsa adotolo kuti athetse mitundu ina ya mankhwala otsika mtengo. Komabe, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oyambirirawa, chifukwa ma genetic omwe amapangidwa mkati mwapamwamba ndi otsika kwambiri kuposa mankhwala oyambira omwe opanga akunja amapereka.

Omwe ali ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa zambiri za phindu lenileni komanso zovuta za ma statins a cholesterol ayenera kuganizira zinthu zingapo zofunika kuti muchepetse kuvulaza kwa mankhwalawa.

Ngati mankhwalawa adalembera odwala okalamba, ziyenera kudziwika kuti chiwopsezo myopathieskuwirikiza ngati muwatenga limodzi ndi mankhwala a matenda oopsa, gout, matenda ashuga.

M'matenda akuluakulu a chiwindi, ndikofunikira kuti mutenge rosuvastatin muyezo wotsika, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito Pravastatin (Pravaxol) Mankhwalawa amapereka chitetezo cha chiwindi, koma mukamagwiritsa ntchito, simuyenera kumwa mowa, komanso kuchitira chithandizo maantibayotiki.

Ndi chiwonetsero chokhazikika cha kupweteka kwa minofu kapena chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka, ndikofunikanso kugwiritsa ntchito Pravastatin, popeza siwofiyitsa minofu.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la impso sayenera kumwedwa. Fluvastin Leskolkomanso sayenera kuledzera Calcium wa atorvastatin (Lipitor), popeza mankhwalawa ndi oopsa kwa impso.

Ngati wodwala akufuna kutsitsa cholesterol yotsika pang'ono, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma statins.

Pakadali pano, palibe umboni wotsimikiza kuti ndikofunikira kutenga kuphatikiza kwa "statins plus nicotinic acid." Mukamamwa nicotinic acid mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, shuga m'magazi angachepe, vuto la gout, magazi ochokera m'matumbo amachitikanso, mwayi umawonjezeka. rhabdomyolysis ndi myopathy.

Maphunziro azokhudza zotsatira za ma statins m'thupi

Akatswiri a mtima ankakonda kupereka ma statins a anthu omwe akudwala matenda amtsempha wamagazi, ochepa matenda oopsa, komanso kukhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha matenda a mtima.

Pakadali pano, malingaliro amtundu uwu wa mankhwala asintha kwa akatswiri ena. Ngakhale ku Russia palibe kafukufuku wokhazikika wodziyimira wazomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha ma statins m'thupi.

Pakadali pano, asayansi aku Canada akuti mutagwiritsa ntchito ma statins, chiwopsezochi amphaka mwa odwala kuchuluka ndi 57%, ndipo zimadandaula kuti munthu akuvutika matenda ashuga, - ndi 82%. Zowopsa zotere zimatsimikiziridwa ndikuwunika kwa ziwerengero.

Akatswiri adasanthula zotsatira za maphunziro khumi ndi anayi azachipatala omwe adachitidwa kuti adziwe momwe ma statins amathandizira.Mapeto awo anali awa: mukamamwa mankhwala amtunduwu, kuopsa kwa stroko ndi mtima kumachepa, koma chifukwa chotsatira zoyipa zake, sizomwe zimaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe sanadwale mikwingwirima kapena matenda amtima. Malinga ndi ofufuza, anthu omwe amamwa mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

Koma chonsecho, pamakhala malingaliro osiyanasiyana pazomwe mankhwalawa ali ovulaza kapena otetezeka.

• Asayansi aku Germany adatsimikizira kuti ndi cholesterol yotsika, mwayi wokhala nawo khansa, matenda a chiwindi ndi matenda oopsa angapo, komanso kufa koyambirira ndi kudzipha, potero kutsimikizira kuti cholesterol yotsika mtengo ndiyowopsa kuposa okwera.
• Ofufuza ochokera ku USA akuti kugunda kwa mtima ndi mikwingwirima osati chifukwa cha cholesterol yayikulu, koma chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magnesium m'thupi.
• Statin imatha kupondeleza ntchito yofunika ya cholesterol, yomwe imabwezeretsa zovuta m'mizimba ya thupi. Kuti minofu ikule m'thupi, ndi ntchito yake yonse, maselo ochepera mphamvu, ndiye kuti, "cholesterol" yoyipa, amafunikira. Ngati vuto lakumanapo, lingawonekere myalgia, minofu dystrophy.
• Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, kupanga cholesterol kumachepetsa, motsatana, ndikupanga kupitilira, omwe samangopeza cholesterol yokha, komanso zinthu zina zingapo. Amagwira ntchito zofunika mthupi, kotero kuchepa kwawo kungayambitse matenda.
• Gulu la mankhwalawa limawonjezera mwayi wokula matenda ashuga, ndipo matendawa amabweretsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol. Olemba osiyanasiyana akuti ngati mutenga ma statins kwa nthawi yayitali, chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga chimachokera ku 10 mpaka 70%. Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa m'chipinda, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a GLUT4, omwe amachititsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kumatsika. Ofufuza ku Britain awonetsa kuti kumwa mankhwalawa kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda ashuga mwa azimayi pambuyo pakupita kusamba ndi 70%.
• Zotsatira zoyipa zimayamba pang'onopang'ono, motero, wodwalayo sangazindikire izi, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali.
• Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma statins, zimakhudza chiwindi. Iwo omwe ali onenepa kwambiri kapena amene amakhala pansi, samakhalapo bwino. Koma popita nthawi, njira zovuta mthupi zimasokonekera, zomwe zimatha kuyipa m'malingaliro am'maganizo, makamaka kwa anthu okalamba.

Munthu wochepera zaka 50 ali ndi cholesterol yokwanira, izi zimawonetsa kuti pali zovuta zazikulu mthupi zomwe zimafunikira kulandira. M'mayiko ena, mapulogalamu akuwonetsedwa pamlingo wapadziko lonse omwe amalimbikitsa kutsitsa mafuta m'thupi mwa kulimbikitsa moyo wokangalika, kusintha mfundo za kadyedwe, kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a nikotini, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Zotsatira zake, m'maiko ambiri njirayi "imagwira": kufa kwa matenda amtima kwachepa kwambiri. Komabe, akukhulupirira kuti kusiya kusuta, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikusintha menyu ndi njira yabwino yotalikira moyo kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ndi zotsutsana.

Zizindikiro za odwala okalamba

Mwa zina zotsutsana ndi mfundo yoti anthu okalamba ayenera kumwa ma statin pokhapokha ataganizira mozama mavutowo ndi mapindu ake, titha kukumbukira kafukufukuyu, yemwe anthu oposa 3,000 wazaka zopitilira 60 omwe amamwa mankhwala a statin. Pafupifupi 30% adawona kuwonetsedwa kwa kupweteka kwa minofu, komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu, kutopa kwambiri, kufooka.

Kupweteka kwa minofu kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kwa iwo omwe angoyamba kumene kumwa mankhwalawa.Zotsatira zake, izi zimachepetsa kukula kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi - ndizovuta kuti anthu azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyenda, zomwe pamapeto pake zimakhala pachiwopsezo chambiri chotukuka chamikwingwirima ndi mtima. Kuphatikiza apo, mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi kuyenda pang'ono, thupi limayamba kukula pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimakhalanso chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima.

Fibates: ndi chiyani?

Kukonzekera mafupaamagwiritsanso ntchito kutsitsa cholesterol. Mankhwalawa ndi ena. fibroic acid. Amamangirira bile acid, potero amachepetsa kupanga mafuta m'thupi ndi chiwindi.

Fenofibates kuchepetsa mankhwalawa lipids, zomwe zimayambitsa cholesterol yotsika. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wazachipatala, kugwiritsa ntchito fenofibrate kutsitsa cholesterol ndi 25%, triglycerides ndi 40-50%, komanso kumakulitsa gawo lotchedwa cholesterol "labwino" mwa 10-30%.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito fenofibrate, ciprofibrate amawonetsa kuti ndi cholesterol yambiri, mankhwalawa amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zowonjezera, komanso cholesterol yotsika komanso triglycerides mwa odwala omwe ali ndi hypercholesterolemia.

Mndandanda wamafenofibrate:

• Taykolor,
• Lipantil
• Exlip 200,
• WaprofibrateLipanor
• Gemfibrozil.

Koma, musanagule ndi kumwa mankhwalawa, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumabweretsa chiwonetsero cha zovuta zina. Monga lamulo, zovuta zingapo zam'mimba zimawonetsedwa nthawi zambiri: chisangalalo, dyspepsia, kutsegula m'mimba, kusanza.

Zotsatira zotsatirazi zimadziwika mutatenga fenofibrate:

• Matumbo oyenda: kapamba, hepatitis, kusanza, kupweteka kwam'mimba, nseru, kutsegula m'mimba, kuwoneka mwachisawawa.
• Dongosolo laumiseche: minofu kufooka, rhabdomyolysis, kupatula myalgia, myositis, cramping.
• Machitidwe amanjenje: mutu, kukomoka.
• Mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi: pulmonary embolism, venous thromboembolism.
• Mawonetseredwe amatsutsa: kuyabwa pakhungu ndi zotupa, khungu urticaria.

Kuphatikiza kwa ma statins okhala ndi ma fibrate kumachitika kuti muchepetse Mlingo ndipo, mwakutero, mawonekedwe owoneka a statins.

Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa matumbo a cholesterol

Mankhwala Ezetimibe(Ezetrol) Kodi ndi lipid yatsopano yochepetsera lipid yomwe imachepetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'matumbo. Kuphatikiza apo, Ezetimibe (Ezetrol) samayambitsa kukula kwa matenda am'mimba. Muyenera kumwa 10 mg ya mankhwala patsiku. Koma ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti thupi limapanga 80% ya cholesterol, ndipo ndi 20% yokha yomwe imalowa ndi chakudya.

Mankhwala ena onse

Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kutenga zowonjezera pazakudya (BAA).

Komabe, zithandizo zachilengedwe monga Omega 3, Tykveol, mafuta opindika, lipoic acid kuchepetsa cholesterol pang'ono.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zakudya zowonjezera pakudya si mankhwala, chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa amachepetsedwa ndi mankhwala a statin poteteza kupewa matenda a mtima.

Mndandanda wazakudya zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi ndipo zimakhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe:

Mapiritsi okhala mafuta a nsomba (Omega 3, Oceanol, Omacor) akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi anthu omwe amafuna kutsitsa cholesterol. Mafuta a nsomba amateteza thupi ku matenda a mitsempha yamagazi ndi mtima, komanso kukhumudwa komanso nyamakazi. Koma muyenera kumwa mafuta a nsomba mosamala kwambiri, chifukwa kuumwa kumawonjezera chiopsezo aakulu kapamba.

Mafuta a dzungu amaperekedwa kwa iwo akuvutika cholecystitis, atherosulinosis mitsempha yamaubongo chiwindi. Chidacho chimapereka choleretic, anti-kutupa, antioxidant, hepatoprotective.

Lipoic acid

Chida ichi ndi cha m'mbuyomu antioxidantAmagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa komanso kuchiza matenda a coronary atherosulinosis. Zotsatira zabwino za mankhwala pa kagayidwe kazakudya zimadziwika.Ikatengedwa, trophism of neurons imasintha, ndipo milingo ya glycogen mu chiwindi imachulukirachulukira.

Mavitamini zimathandizira kuti matenda a cholesterol azikulika, kuchuluka hemoglobin etc. Thupi limafunikira vitamini b12 ndi B6, folic acid, Nicotinic acid. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti awa ndi mavitamini achilengedwe, ndiye kuti, ndikofunikira kudya zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mavitamini awa.

BAA ndi gawo la phazi lamafir, ili ndi beta-sitosterol, polyprenols. Iyenera kutengedwa liti matenda oopsa, atherosulinosis, triglycerides yayikulu ndi cholesterol.

Njira zina

Otsatira a bile acid(Opanga ma Wheeletc.) ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chithandizo chovuta monga chothandizira pakuchepetsa cholesterol. Amalepheretsa kaphatikizidwe kake kam'madzi.

Waprofibrate Lipanor - amalepheretsa kaphatikizidwe wa cholesterol m'chiwindi, amachepetsa mulingo wake m'magazi, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa lipotroteins ya atherogenic.

Chifukwa chake, mndandanda wamankhwala a cholesterol pakadali pano ndiwokulira. Koma ngati wodwala amachepetsa cholesterol yamagazi ndimankhwala, ayenera kukumbukira kuti mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol amayambitsa zovuta zingapo. Zachidziwikire, popereka mankhwala a cholesterol okwanira, adokotala amawaganizira izi, ndikuwadziwitsanso wodwalayo za contraindication yotsitsa cholesterol.

Komabe, mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol yamagazi amayenera kumwa, kuphatikiza chithandizo choterocho ndi chakudyakomanso moyo wokangalika. Ndikofunika kumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol yamagazi, m'badwo waposachedwa, popeza wopanga wawo amawongoletsa mankhwala.

Mutha kuchepetsa cholesterol yamagazi ndi mapiritsi mpaka ena. Koma mapiritsi ochepetsa cholesterol ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati pali chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima. Pali magulu a odwala omwe amafunika kumwa mapiritsi a cholesterol m'magazi. Nthawi zina, musanayambe kumwa mapiritsi kuti muchepetse cholesterol, muyenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe amayeza zabwino komanso zovuta za chithandizo chotere.

Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wonse, kuphatikiza pa kumwa mapiritsi, muyenera kudya moyenera, kusewera masewera. Ngati cholesterol ndiyambiri, ndibwino kuti musinthe moyo nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimathandizira kuti zizolowereka popanda chithandizo chowonjezera. Mutha kuphunziranso kumwa mankhwala azitsamba, omwe amaphatikizapo uchi ndi zinthu zina zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimakupatsani "kuyeretsa" thupi. Kangati komanso kangati patsiku kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndalama zotere, katswiri adzakuuzani.

Momwe mungachepetse cholesterol yayikulu?

Kuti muchepetse cholesterol yamagazi, choyambirira, wodwalayo ayenera kusiya zakudya zovulaza kwambiri. Kusunganso mamvekedwe abwinobwino amitsempha yamagazi ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa chake sitiyenera kuyiwala za mapindu amasewera ndi panja.

Njira yokhazikika yochiritsira yokhala ndi cholesterol yayitali ndi yayitali, ndipo wodwala ayenera kukhala wokonzekera izi. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuti wodwalayo atsatire nthawi zonse zomwe dokotala wamupangira kuti apewe zovuta popanda kuwononga thanzi lake.

Chifukwa chake, kuti muchepetse cholesterol yamagazi, muyenera:

• lekani zizolowezi zoyipa,
• chepetsa mchere wambiri,
• chotsani kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amadya,
• kondani mafuta az masamba m'malo mwa nyama,
• kupangitsa menyu kukhala ndi zinthu zabwino zolemera pamanyowa,
• imwani chakudya chokwanira,
• Onetsetsani kuti muphatikiza zakudya zomwe zili ndi asidi ochulukirapo mu zakudya zanu.

Mndandanda wazinthu zoletsedwa ukuphatikizapo:

• mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya soseji (kuphatikizapo soseji ndi masoseji),
• makeke
• kuphika,
• makeke
• masikono.

Njira zolondola pankhani ya zakudya zokhala ndi cholesterol yayikulu sizingathandize "kutsitsa" zizindikiro zake, komanso zimathandizira kukonza bwino kwa munthu.

Ambiri (80%) a cholesterol amapezeka m'maselo a chiwindi, ndipo 20% yokha imalowa m'thupi limodzi ndi chakudya. Koma menyu woyenera komanso wathanzi umatha kupangitsa kuti matendawa azikhala mwamphamvu komanso kuchepa kwakukulu kwa zinthuzi m'magazi.

Mfundo zamankhwala zomwe wodwala aliyense ayenera kutsatira ndi:

• Kuchepetsa thupi
• masewera a tsiku ndi tsiku
• kusamala mosamala kwa zopatsa mphamvu zoperekedwa patsiku,
• kukana mowa ndi ndudu,
• kupewa mavuto opanikizika ndi nkhawa zamagetsi.

Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa zinthuzi m'magazi komanso kupewa kupezeka m'magazi a cholesterol, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azitsamba komanso zakudya zina zapamwamba. Chifukwa chake, mothandizidwa ndi mafuta okwanira a omega-3 polyunsaturated fat acids, chiopsezo cha thrombosis pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi chimachepetsedwa.

Nthawi zina, kusintha komwe kumapangidwira pamagulu amoyo komanso zomwe wodwala sizikuthandizira kuthana ndi cholesterol yayikulu. Pankhaniyi, pali njira imodzi yokha yotumizira - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera, omwe, komabe, amatha kuperekedwa ndi dokotala!

Gulu

Pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi m'magazi a wodwala, madokotala amamulembera, monga lamulo. Agawika m'magulu asanu:

1. Madera. Gulu la mankhwalawa limalembedwa ndi madokotala ngati mulingo wa cholesterol kwambiri, ndipo uyenera kuchepetsedwa nthawi yomweyo. Mankhwalawa ndi othandizadi, ndipo mphamvu zake zitha kudziwikanso masiku 14 atayamba kuyang'anira. Ma Statin amatha kutengedwa nthawi yayitali.
2. Fibates. Gulu la mankhwalawa likufuna kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mafuta othandiza m'thupi la munthu. Chifukwa cha kudya kwawo, chiwopsezo cha zotsatira zoyipa pamtima zimachepetsedwa kwambiri.
3. Mafuta a inhibitor. Mankhwala oterowo salola kuti cholesterol imidwe m'matumbo, koma samalowa m'magaziwo. Ndizoyenera kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi hypersensitivity to statins.
4. Nicotinic acid. Mankhwala omwe amakhalapo amakhala ndi zovuta pa thupi la wodwalayo: amachotsa cholesterol "yoyipa" yowonjezera, pomwe akuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa "zabwino", komanso kutulutsa magazi m'magazi. Mutha kuzindikira zofunikira zoyambira zamankhwala m'masiku ochepa.
5. Zakudya zowonjezera zakudya Amadziwika kuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polimbana ndi mafuta ambiri. Sangokhala ndi zotsutsana, "kugwetsa" zizindikiritso zapamwamba za cholesterol yoyipa ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa "zabwino".

Magulu onse ali pamwambawa a mankhwala ochokera ku cholesterol yayikulu amasiyana wina ndi mnzake pakupanga kwawo komanso mfundo yodziwonetsa thupi. Gulu lirilonse la mankhwalawa lili ndi zabwino zake, zoyipa zake, komanso zosiyanasiyanazi zomwe muyenera kudziwa.

Ndizitenga liti ma statins?

Ngakhale zitsimikiziro zotsatsa ndi opanga, chitetezo chokwanira cha mankhwalawa kwa odwala sichikuwoneka masiku ano. Ngati tirikunena za kuchuluka kwa zopindulitsa ndi kuvulaza kwa ma statins, ofufuza ena amalimbikitsa kuti chiopsezo chokhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa chimaposa zotsatira zabwino zakuzitenga, makamaka ngati zimachitika kuti mupewe matenda a mtima ngati vuto la hypercholesterolemia.

Komabe, pamagulu ena a odwala gulu ili la mankhwalawa limafunikira mwachangu. Ma statins a m'badwo waposachedwa akuwonetsedwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito movomerezeka ndi:

• letsa kubwereza kwa vuto la mtima kapena stroke,
• kuchira pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni yoyambitsanso mtima kapena mitsempha yayikulu ya m'magazi (kapena pokonzekera izi),
• imathandizira kuchira ndi vuto la mtima kapena matenda a pachimake.

Mankhwalawa amafunikiranso matenda a mtima oopsa omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko.

Iwo ali osavomerezeka kuti agwiritse ntchito ma statins a odwala:

• ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha zovuta za hypercholesterolemia,
• akudwala matenda ashuga
• akazi osadzuka tsiku lokonzekera kusamba.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma statins, ndikofunikira kuganizira momwe zimagwirizanirana ndi mankhwala ena.

Kufunika Kwachinsinsi Cholesterol

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi amwazi kumatha kuyambitsa matenda ambiri. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti chinthu ichi chimagawidwa kukhala cholesterol yabwino komanso yoyipa. Kukhalapo kwa koyambirira ndikofunikira kuti muthe kutenga nawo mbali pazofunikira kwambiri (kaphatikizidwe ka mahomoni, kapangidwe kazinthu zopanga ma cell).

Mwakutero, zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol yoyipa m'thupi nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa matenda a mtima ndi mtima. Izi ndichifukwa choti lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri imatha kupangitsa zigawo za sclerotic kupanga pamakoma otupa.

Kuti athetse vuto loyipa, nthawi zambiri, mankhwala a anticholesterol ndi omwe amapatsidwa.

Zofunikira pakuyamba kumwa mankhwala

Zizindikiro zina zitha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol chizindikiro:

• angina pectoris
• kulephera kwa mtima
• kutopa ndi kupweteka kumadera akumunsi pamasewera kwambiri,
• maso achikasu kuzungulira maso,
• kupasuka kwamitsempha yamagazi.

Ngati mukukayikira kuti muli ndi matenda, muyenera kufunsa kuchipatala kuti mukayezetse magazi anu. Zotsatira zake zikakhala kuti zili ndi mfundo zapamwamba, dokotalayo amupatseni mankhwala oyenera.

Mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterster amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira zina sizipereka phindu.

Kuphatikiza apo, zoyambira kuchitira mankhwala ndi:

• matenda a mtima, omwe amawonjezera ngozi ya mtima,
• chibadwire
• mbiri yakusokonekera kapena kugunda kwa mtima,
• matenda amtsempha wamagazi.

Simungatsitse cholesterol ndi mankhwala pazinthu zotsatirazi:

• palibe chowopsa pamoyo ndi thanzi la wodwalayo motsutsana ndi vuto la stroke kapena vuto la mtima,
• mkazi sanafike pa nthawi ya kusamba,
• mbiri ya matenda ashuga.

Kaya zikuwonetsa bwanji, sungathe kusankha mankhwalawo wekha. Kuti mupeze mankhwala, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Kukonzekera kwa Nicotinic Acid

Mapiritsi a Nicotinic acid amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa lipoprotein ochepetsetsa mwa kuletsa kupanga kwawo. Yankho la funso la momwe ndondomekoyi imagwidwira sichinalandiridwe pano.

Pakadali pano, akatswiri atsimikizira kuti ngati mumwa mankhwalawa mokwanira, mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha atherosclerosis.

Zina mwazomwe zimachitika ndi izi:

• malungo omwe wodwalayo akumva kumtunda kwa thupi ndi nkhope,
• maonekedwe a thupi lawo siligwirizana,
• kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa odwala matenda a shuga,
• kuphwanya kwam'mimba.

Pankhaniyi, kudya nikotini acid kuyenera kuyamba ndi mlingo yaying'ono ndi kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono. Munthawi yonse ya chithandizo ndi mankhwalawa, wodwalayo ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.

Contraindations akuphatikiza:

• zilonda zam'mimba ndi gastritis,
• aakulu a chiwindi
• gout
• matenda a mtima (kuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima kungaonedwe).

Chimodzi mwazinthu zothandiza kwambiri zomwe zili ndi izi ndi Enduracin.

Otsatira a bile acid

Mankhwala omwe ali mgululi amachepetsa cholesterol chifukwa chophatikiza ma asidi a bile ndikuwasintha kukhala zinthu zomwe sizisungunuka m'madzi. Komabe, thupi laumunthu silingathe kuchita popanda iwo ndipo limalandira zinthuzo kudzera pakupanga kolesterol. Zotsatira zamachitidwe otere, kuchuluka kwa lipoprotein ya pathogenic m'magazi amapanga.

• palibe zoyipa
• palibe zokhudza zonse.

• zotsatira zabwino zidzaonekera pokhapokha milungu yochepa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
• palibe kusintha pamachitidwe a mtima.
• njira yodzikongoletsera ndi mavitamini ndi zinthu zofunika zimasokonekera.

Minyezi imatengedwa mu kuchuluka Mlingo, ayenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi ambiri. Potengera izi, kugaya chakudya m'mimba kumatha kuchitika, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi nseru, kudzimbidwa kapena kutsekula m'mimba, kumatulutsa.

Mwa zida zabwino kwambiri m'gululi:

1. Cholestyramine. Uku ndikukonzekera kwa ufa komwe kuyimitsako kukonzekereratu. Zomwe zimapangidwanso pakapangidwe zimathandizira kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa mafuta acids ndi cholesterol, komanso zimathandizira kupanga bile acid mu chiwindi, chifukwa chomwe cholesterol yoyipa imayamba kudya.
2. Cholestipol. Ili ndi utomoni wa anion-exchange, womwe umakhudzidwa ndikuphatikiza bile acid ndi kusinthika kwawo kuzinthu zomwe sizisungunuka m'madzi. Kuchita kwa mankhwalawa kumachepetsa cholesterol yowopsa, ndikukhalabe ndi othandiza HDL (high density lipoproteins).

Popeza ndalama za gululi zimasiyana mokomera, sizipereka vuto lililonse mwadongosolo. Pofuna kupewa njira zam'magazi mu ziwalo zam'mimba, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kuyenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono kupita komwe mukufuna.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti omwe amatenga zotsatila amatha kusokoneza kuyamwa kwa mankhwala ena. Motere, amatengedwa maola anayi isanakwane kapena ola limodzi atatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina.

Ili ndiye gulu logawanika lamankhwala lomwe limapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala amtengo wapatali, komanso kusintha kagayidwe ndi kapangidwe ka mafuta a nyama mthupi la munthu.

Mankhwala okhazikika omwe amapezeka mndandanda wa mankhwala omwe ali pansipa:

1. Bezafibrat. Mapiritsi samangothandiza amachepetsa lipid mafuta, komanso amathandizira odwala omwe amapezeka ndi angina pectoris ndi ischemia. Mayina a ndalamazi: Oralipin, Benzamidine, Zedur. Kutalika kwa mankhwala ndi masiku 30. Pambuyo pake, yopuma kwa mwezi umodzi
2. Gemfibrozil. Lowers triglycerides, otsika mafuta kachulukidwe ndipo amathandizira kuthamangitsa cholesterol excretion. Zotsatira zake zimatha kuwonekera pakumwa masiku 30 a mapiritsi. Popeza chinthucho chimakhala m'magazi a magazi kwa nthawi yayitali, amaloledwa kutenga zosokoneza zina pang'ono pothandizira, zochizira zimakhalapo.
3. Uku ndi fibrate. Kuchita kwake kumachepetsa kukhuthala kwa magazi ndi kuwundana magazi. Nthawi zambiri, mafakisoni amagulitsa mankhwala omwe ali ndi vuto lofananalo, lotchedwa Lipo-Merz. Mankhwalawa amatengedwa kamodzi patsiku atadya.

Mafayilo amatsutsana mu:

• kunyamula mwana ndi kuyamwitsa,
• cholecystitis
• Kulephera kwa chiwindi ndi matenda enaake,
• Hypersensitivity zigawo zikuluzikulu,
• aakulu aimpso kulephera.

Zina mwazotsatira zoyipa:

• kuchepa magazi
• mutu
• chifuwa
• zam'mimba thirakiti,
• kugona
• chizungulire
• leukopenia
• alopecia.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti zoyipa sizochepa.

Awa ndi mapiritsi otchuka a cholesterol a magulu onse.

Zina mwa zinthu za m'badwo woyamba ndi:

Amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakupanga cholesterol yopindulitsa ndipo amalembedwa ngati pali gawo lalikulu la LDL. Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli imadziwika kuti ndi simvastatin. Ngati mutenga nthawi yayitali, kuchotsedwa kwa ma spasms amitsempha yamagazi komanso kuchepa kwa magazi.

Statins mibadwo 2:

Amawonetsedwa mochulukirapo chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto.

Mankhwala a m'badwo wachitatu:

• Torvacard
• Liptonorm,
• Tulip.

Ali ndi mndandanda wawung'ono wazoyipa. Atorvastatin amapezeka pamtima wa mankhwala aliwonse.

Mankhwala obwera mwatsopano:

Awa ndi mankhwala amakono omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi. Chawo ndi chitetezo, chiopsezo chochepa cha zotsatira zoyipa.

Odwala azikumbukira kuti ndizoletsedwa kudzipereka okha. Kuikidwiratu kumachitika kokha ndi adokotala. Ngati mumanyalanyaza malangizo a dokotala, ndiye kuti zovuta zina zimayamba, zomwe zimatsatiridwa ndi:

• kusanza ndi kusanza
• mutu, chizungulire,
• kutentha kwa mtima
• kusefukira, kudzimbidwa kapena kutsegula m'mimba,
• kupweteka kwa minofu ndi molumikizana
• kutupa, chifuwa, kuyabwa,
• matenda a impso ndi chiwindi.

Zoyipa:

• kulosera kwatsoka:
• tsankho pamagawo ena
• matenda a chiwindi ndi impso,
• nthawi ya pakati komanso yoyamwitsa,
• zosokoneza mu endocrine dongosolo.

Monga lamulo, ma statin a m'badwo wachinayi amapereka mphamvu mwachangu, zomwe zimatha kuwoneka kale m'mwezi woyamba wogwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mafuta a cholesterol: akapatsidwa mankhwala, mavuto

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, mwanjira ina, ma statins, ndiye gulu lalikulu la mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kwa cholesterol yayikulu, yomwe ilibe ma analogues. Ngati kuchuluka kwa LDL yoyipa ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa kusintha kwazomwe zimachitika komanso kupatsa thanzi sizithandiza kukonza vutoli, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala okhala ndi nthawi yayitali.

Mfundo ya zomwe akuchita ndi kupondereza zochita za enzyme yomwe imayang'anira chiwindi, ndikuchepetsa kupitilira kwa atherosulinosis. Kudya mapiritsi pafupipafupi kumathandizira kuti akhale ndi moyo wautali kwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda opatsirana a m'matumbo, matenda oyenda mozungulira, omwe amakhala ndi matenda a mtima.

Liti ndipo ndani akuyenera kutenga ma statins

Ma cholesterol statins amaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kugunda kwa mtima komanso kugunda kwa mtima, pomwe cholesterol yayikulu imakhazikika, osatsika, ndipo ndi 300-330 mg / dl kapena 8-11 mmol / l, komanso ngati milandu itakwaniritsidwa kamodzi:

• matenda a mtima, stroko, kapena ischemic,
• chotupa cham'madzi chodutsa,
• atherosulinotic zotupa zam'mitsempha yamagazi,
• kukweza c-yogwira mapuloteni ndi calcium calcium m'mitsempha.

Chithandizo cha mapiritsi a cholesterol sichikuperekedwa kwa anthu athanzi omwe amawonjezera pang'ono m'magawo a LDL, chifukwa zotsatira zoyipa za thupi zimakhala zamphamvu kuposa maubwino. Sitikulimbikitsidwanso kuti ndiyambe kulandira mankhwalawa chifukwa:

• kuwonjezeka pang'ono ndi kosakhazikika kwa cholesterol,
• kusowa kwa atherosulinosis,
• palibe matenda amtima kapena stroko
• palibe kuchuluka kwa calcium m'mitsempha kapena ndi ochepa,
• mapuloteni a c-yogwira ndi ochepera 1 mg / dl.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chithandizo ndi ma statins chikhoza kupitilira moyo wonse. Akachotsedwa, cholesterol level imabwelela m'migawo yake yapitayi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins kuyenera kuchitika pongotsatira kwa dokotala chifukwa cha zotsutsana zambiri ndi zoyipa. Mukamapereka mankhwala, zotsatirazi ndi izi:

• zaka komanso jenda odwala
• matenda am'mbuyomu kapena alipo a mtima ndi hematopoietic dongosolo, kuphatikizapo matenda a shuga.

Odwala okalamba ayenera kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo mosamala kwambiri ngati akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena opangira matenda oopsa, gout, kapena matenda ashuga. Mwa gulu ili la odwala, kuyesa magazi ndikuwunika kwa chiwindi kumachitika kawiri kawiri.

Matenda a shuga ndi ma statin

Ma Statin ali ndi minus ina yofunika - amawonjezera shuga m'magazi ndi 1-2 mmol / L. Izi zimawonjezera chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga II amtundu 10%. Ndipo mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kale, amatenga ziwonetsero zama cellins ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha kupita patsogolo kwake mwachangu.

Koma, ziyenera kumvetsedwa kuti zabwino zomwe zimatenga ma statins zitha kukhala zazikulupo kuposa zovuta zomwe zimakhala ndi thupi. Mankhwala amathandizira kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi mikwingwirima, kukulitsa nthawi yokhala ndi moyo, yomwe ndiyofunika kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwochepa kwa shuga m'thupi.

Ndi matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kuti mankhwalawa akhale okwanira. Kutenga mapiritsi kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa, kuchuluka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndi Mlingo wa insulin.

Mitundu ya ma statins, mtengo wamba pama pharmacies

Mankhwala omwe amagwirizana ndi ma statins ndi othandiza bwanji pochepetsa cholesterol imatha kupezeka pagome.

Mankhwala omwe amapondereza matumbo a cholesterol

Mwakuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol ku chakudya m'matumbo, mankhwalawa amachepetsa kuyika kwake m'magazi.
Chothandiza kwambiri pagululi ndalamazi. Ndi mankhwala azitsamba ochokera ku mbewu za nyemba za hyacinth. Muli ndi polysaccharide yosungunuka madzi, yomwe imapangika zonunkhira pakakhudzana ndi madzi m'matumbo a lumen.

Guarem amangochotsa mamolekyulu a cholesterol kukhoma lamatumbo. Imathandizira kuchotsedwa kwa ma asidi a bile, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol kuchokera m'magazi kupita m'chiwindi chifukwa cha kaphatikizidwe kake. Mankhwala amachepetsa kudya ndipo amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti achepetse thupi komanso milomo ya lipid m'magazi.
Guarem imapangidwa m'migulu yamagalimoto, yomwe imayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi madzi (madzi, madzi, mkaka). Kumwa mankhwalawa kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena a antiatherosselotic.

Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizira kutulutsa, mseru, kupweteka m'matumbo, komanso nthawi zina zotayirira. Komabe, zimawonetsedwa pang'ono, sizichitika kawirikawiri, ndikumapitilira mankhwala zimadalira palokha.

Nicotinic acid

Nicotinic acid ndi zotumphukira zake (enduracin, niceritrol, acipimox) ndi mavitamini a gulu B. Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa "cholesterol yoyipa" m'magazi. Nicotinic acid imayendetsa dongosolo la fibrinolysis, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya magazi kupanga ziwalo zamagazi. Mankhwalawa ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuposa mankhwala ena otsitsa a lipid omwe amachititsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi "magazi abwino kwambiri" m'magazi.

Mankhwala a Nicotinic acid amachitika nthawi yayitali, ndikuwonjezereka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mlingo.Asanayambe ndi kumwa, sikulimbikitsidwa kumwa zakumwa zotentha, makamaka khofi.

Mankhwalawa amatha kukhumudwitsa m'mimba, ndiye kuti samaperekedwa chifukwa cha zilonda zam'mimbazi. Mwa odwala ambiri, khungu limawoneka kumayambiriro kwa chithandizo. Pang'onopang'ono, izi zimatha. Kuti mupewe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutenge 325 mg ya aspirin kwa mphindi 30 musanamwe mankhwala. 20% ya odwala ali ndi khungu loyenda.

Kuchiza ndi kukonzekera kwa nicotinic acid kumapangidwa chifukwa cha zilonda zam'mimba komanso zilonda zam'mimba, hepatitis yayikulu, kusokonezeka kwa mtima.

Enduracin ndi mankhwala a nicotinic acid omwe amakhala atatenga nthawi yayitali. Imavomerezedwa bwino kwambiri, ndikupangitsa zotsatira zoyipa zochepa. Amatha kuthandizidwa kwakanthawi.

Mankhwalawa amachepetsa mphamvu ya mafuta onse 'abwino' ndi 'oyipa'. Mankhwalawa samakhudza kuchuluka kwa triglycerides.

Mankhwala amachotsa LDL m'magazi, imathandizira kupukusa mafuta a cholesterol ndi bile. Imaletsa lipid peroxidation, ndikuwonetsa antiatherosulinotic kwenikweni.

Zotsatira za mankhwalawa zimawonekera miyezi iwiri itatha kuyamba kwa mankhwalawa ndipo zimatha mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi atatha. Itha kuphatikizidwa ndi njira zina zilizonse kuti muchepetse cholesterol.

Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa, kuchulukitsa kwa nthawi ya Q-T pa electrocardiogram ndi kukula kwamphamvu kwambiri kwamitsempha yama cell kumatha. Mukamayendetsa, ndikofunikira kubwereza electrocardiogram osachepera kamodzi pa miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi. Simungathe kupatsa probucol nthawi yomweyo ndi cordarone. Zotsatira zina zosavomerezeka ndi monga kuphuka komanso kupweteka m'mimba, nseru, komanso nthawi zina.

Probucol imaphatikizidwa mu ma ventricular arrhythmias omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi nthawi yayitali ya Q-T, zochitika pafupipafupi za myocardial ischemia, komanso ndi gawo lotsika loyambirira la HDL.

Maso amathandizira bwino kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides m'magazi, mpaka kuchepa kwa ndende ya LDL cholesterol ndi VLDL. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa milandu ya hypertriglyceridemia. Zida zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi:

• gemfibrozil (lopid, gevilon),
• fenofibrate (lipantil 200 M, treicor, ex-lipip),
• cyprofibrate (lipanor),
• choline fenofibrate (trilipix).

Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa minofu (kupweteka, kufooka), mseru ndi kupweteka m'mimba, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi. Mafayilo amatha kupititsa patsogolo kupangika kwa calculi (miyala) mkati chikhodzodzo. Nthawi zina, mothandizidwa ndi othandizira, kuletsa hematopoiesis kumachitika ndi kukula kwa leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, kuchepa magazi.

Fibates sinafotokozedwe matenda a chiwindi ndi ndulu, hematopoiesis.

Statin ndi mankhwala othandiza kuchepetsa matenda a lipid. Amatseka enzyme yomwe imayambitsa kupezeka kwa cholesterol m'chiwindi, pomwe zomwe zili m'magazi zimachepa. Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwa zolandila za LDL kukukulira, zomwe zimatsogolera kuti kufutukutu kwa "cholesterol yoyipa" m'magazi.
Mankhwala omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi awa:

• simvastatin (vasilip, chakor, aries, simvageksal, simvakard, simvakol, simvastin, simvastol, simvor, simlo, sincard, holvasim),
• lovastatin (cardiostatin, choletar),
• pravastatin
• atorvastatin (anvistat, atocor, atomax, ator ,x, atoris, vazator, lipoford, lypimar, liptonorm, novostat, torvazin, torvakard, tulip),
• rosuvastatin (akorta, mtanda, mertenil, rosartark, rosucard, rosulip, roxera, rustor, tevastor),
• pitavastatin (livazo),
• fluvastatin (leskol).

Lovastatin ndi simvastatin amapangidwa kuchokera ku bowa. Izi ndi "mankhwala opatsirana" omwe mu chiwindi amasintha kukhala metabolites yogwira. Pravastatin amachokera ku fungal metabolites, koma osapangidwira m'chiwindi, koma ali kale ndi ntchito. Fluvastatin ndi atorvastatin ndi mankhwala opangidwa mokwanira.

Statin amalembedwa kamodzi patsiku madzulo, popeza kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumachitika usiku.Pang'onopang'ono, Mlingo wawo umatha kuchuluka. Zotsatira zimachitika kale m'masiku oyamba kukonzekera, zimafika pazofika pamwezi.

Ma boma ndi otetezeka. Komabe, mukamagwiritsa ntchito milingo yayikulu, makamaka kuphatikiza ndi fibrate, chiwindi chovuta kugwira ntchito ndizotheka. Odwala ena amamva kupweteka kwa minofu ndi kufooka kwa minofu. Nthawi zina pamakhala kupweteka kwam'mimba, mseru, kudzimbidwa, kusowa kwa chakudya. Nthawi zina, kusowa tulo komanso kupweteka kumutu kumachitika.

Ma Statin samakhudza metaboline wa purine ndi carbohydrate. Amatha kupatsidwa mankhwala otupa, matenda ashuga, kunenepa kwambiri.

Statin ndi gawo limodzi mwa njira zochizira atherosulinosis. Amawonetsedwa ngati monotherapy kapena kuphatikiza ndi ena anti antiososoticotic. Pali zosakaniza zopangidwa kale za lovastatin ndi nicotinic acid, simvastatin ndi ezetimibe (ntue), pravastatin ndi fenofibrate, rosuvastatin ndi ezetimibe.
Kuphatikiza kwa ma statins ndi acetylsalicylic acid, komanso atorvastatin ndi amlodipine (duplexor, caduet) kulipo. Kugwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza komwe kumapangidwira kumakulitsa kutsatira kwa wodwala chithandizo (kutsata), kumakhala kopindulitsa pachuma, komanso kumayambitsa zovuta zochepa.

Mankhwala ena otsitsa lipid

Benzaflavin ndi wa gulu la vitamini B2. Imakonza kagayidwe mu chiwindi, imayambitsa kutsika kwamagazi a shuga, triglycerides, cholesterol yonse. Mankhwalawa amalekeredwa bwino, osankhidwa mu maphunziro atali.

Chofunikira chimakhala ndi phospholipids, mavitamini a B, nicotinamide, mafuta osakwaniritsidwa acids, sodium pantothenate. Mankhwalawa amathandizira kusweka ndi kuthetsedwa kwa cholesterol "yoyipa", imayendetsa zinthu zopindulitsa za cholesterol "yabwino".

Lipostable ili pafupi kwambiri pakupanga komanso kuchitapo Kofunika.

Omega-3 triglycerides (omacor) amapatsidwa mankhwala ochizira hypertriglyceridemia (kupatula mtundu 1 hyperchilomicronemia), komanso kupewa kubwereza kwapawiri kwa myocardial infarction.

Ezetimibe (ezetrol) imachedwetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'matumbo, kuchepetsa kuchepa kwake kwa chiwindi. Amachepetsa cholesterol "choyipa" m'magazi. Mankhwalawa ndi othandizira kwambiri kuphatikiza ndi ma statins.

Kanema pamutu "Cholesterol ndi ma statins: kodi ndi bwino kumwa mankhwalawo?"

Kupereka Matenda kwa Okalamba

Mukamawerengera za momwe mankhwalawa amapezeka pagulu la odwala opitilira zaka zopitilira 60, kupweteka kwa minofu kunawonedwa mu milandu 30%. Odwala amadandaula za kutopa, ulesi komanso kuchepa kwa minofu. Kupweteka kwa minofu ya mafupa kumachitika makamaka mwa odwala omwe anali atangoyamba kumwa mankhwalawa.

Kutengera ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, mwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la hypercholesterolemia, kumachepa kwammutu komanso zolimbitsa thupi pofika mphindi 40 pa sabata. Chifukwa cha kufooka kwa minofu, odwala amasiya kukonda kusewera masewera, komanso ngakhale kuyenda wamba. Izi, zimawonjezera chiopsezo chogwidwa ndi mtima ndi stroko.

Statin - Mndandanda wa Mankhwala

Mumafakitale aku Russia, mutha kugula ma statin othandiza kwambiri kuti muchepetse cholesterol:

1. Rosuvastatin, amene amachepetsa cholesterol ndi 55%.
2. Atorvastatin, yomwe imachepetsa mulingo ndi 47%.
3. Simvastatin (38%).
4. Fluvastatin (29%) ndi ena.

Mndandanda wathunthu wamankhwala a cholesterol okwanira ungawonedwe pansipa:

Kodi ndikofunika kutenga ma statins kapena ndibwino kuti muwasiye - izi ziyenera kulingaliridwa ndi wodwalayo mwiniwake, kutengera malingaliro a adokotala. Ngati wodwalayo, komabe, adaganiza zothandizira mankhwalawa, ndiye kuti simuyenera kusankha nokha mankhwalawo - izi ziyenera kuchitika kokha ndi katswiri, poganizira zovuta zonse zomwe zingachitike komanso kukhalapo kwa matenda a pathologies omwe ali mwa munthu.

Onjezerani Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo

Fibates - mankhwala omwe akupanga fibroic acid. Monga ma statins, amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino polimbana ndi cholesterol yayikulu.Kulumikizana ndi bile acid, zinthu izi zimalepheretsa kayendedwe ka cholesterol ndimaselo a chiwindi.

Ma fenofibates amathandiza kutsika kwa lipids m'thupi, zomwe zimangoyambitsa kutsika kwa cholesterol. Pamodzi ndi ciprofibates, amachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi zovuta zowonjezera za hypercholesterolemia, popeza amatulutsa cholesterol osati kokha, komanso triglycerides.

Fenofibrate othandiza kwambiri komanso odziwika bwino amaphatikiza mankhwala:

• Gemfibrozil
• Taykolor,
• Lipantil
• Exlip 200 ndi zina zotero.

Koma kusankha kugula chinthu china ndikofunikira ngati chiyerekezo chaumoyo / zopweteka zatsimikizika. Mankhwalawa amathanso kuyambitsa mavuto ambiri, omwe ndi ambiri monga:

• kubwatula
• kutentha kwa mtima
• maluwa, limodzi ndi chisangalalo,
• kutsegula m'mimba
• kusanza
• nseru
• kukula kwa chiwindi
• kapangidwe ka calculi mu ndulu kapena maenje ake,
• phatikizani myalgia,
• minofu kukokana
• cephalgia
• mavuto mu ntchito ya maliseche,
• pulmonary embolism
• thrombophlebitis
• zotupa pakhungu
• Matupi a urticaria
• thupi loyenda
• Photophobia.

Kuti muchepetse mavuto obwera chifukwa cha ma statins pathupi, amatha ndipo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma fiber.

Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors

Ezetemib (Ezeterol) ndi mankhwala atsopano omwe amatsitsa lipids m'thupi. Chifukwa cha izi, njira yolembera cholesterol m'matumbo imalepheretseka.

Kuphatikiza apo, Ezetemib, mosiyana ndi Orsoten ndi mankhwala ena ofanana, samatsogolera pakupanga matenda a m'mimba. Mulingo wovomerezeka wa tsiku lililonse wa mankhwalawa ndi 10 g.

Kuphatikiza pa kuchepetsa cholesterol, niacins amathandizira:

• kusintha magazi,
• kukhazikitsidwa kwa kagayidwe kachakudya,
• kuteteza chitukuko cha vitamini,
• kuchotsa kwa poizoni m'thupi.

Gulu la mankhwalawa lingagwiritsidwe ntchito palokha komanso monga gawo la zovuta mankhwala. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito nicotinic acid kapena zotumphukira zake ndi mafuta ambiri.

Mankhwala ena

Pambuyo poyankhulana ndi adokotala, wodwalayo angayesenso kuchepetsa cholesterol pogwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zakudya.

Mndandanda wazakudya zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa cholesterol yayikulu:

1. Kukonzekera komwe kuli ndi Omega-3 (mafuta a nsomba, Omega-3, Oceanol, etc.) kumalepheretsa ma pathologies a mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi, kulimbitsa mafupa ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kupsinjika. Mankhwala oterowo ayenera kumwedwa mosamala kwambiri, chifukwa amawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi pancreatitis yosatha.
2. Lipoic acid imathandizira kagayidwe kazakudya. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumathandizira kukonza ma trophic neurons ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa hepatic glycogens.
3. Tykveol ndi mankhwala otengera mafuta a mbewu dzungu. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri makamaka mu ubongo wa arteriosulinosis, cholecystitis, hepatitis. Mankhwalawa ali ndi choleretic, anti-yotupa, antioxidant ndi hepatoprotective.
4. Vitamini Mavuto. Mavitamini a gulu B ndiofunikira makamaka ku cholesterol yayikulu: B6, B9, B12 ndi nikotini acid. Izi sizongokhudza kukonzekera mankhwala - kuti muthe kusintha kwa matenda a lipid, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zili pamwambapa.
5. Polyconazole Ndi chakudya chowonjezera chomwe chili ndi sera sera. Amathandizira kupewa atherosulinosis ya mtima ndi kuchepa kwa cholesterol yotsika kwambiri.

Pomaliza

Mankhwala omwe amachepetsa cholesterol ali ndi zovuta zambiri, chifukwa zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta zingapo. Pachifukwa ichi, malingaliro a madokotala ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndi osiyana.

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa kapena mankhwala ena aliwonse sayenera kulimbikitsidwa kwa odwala ochepera zaka 35.Popeza azimayi sakonda kukhala ndi matenda amtima, ali bwino kupewanso mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya cholesterol. Kuti muthane ndi vuto lomwe lidalipo, ndikofunikira kusintha zina ndi zina pa zakudya ndikusintha moyo wanu.

Koma pali zochitika pamene kumwa mapiritsi ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhazikika kwa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo. Muzochitika zotere, mankhwala enieni amatha kuperekedwa ndi katswiri!

Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chamankhwala, ndikofunikira kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Pokhapokha mwayi wochira udzachuluka kwambiri!

Fibates - Zotsatira za Fibroic Acid

Fibates ndiye mankhwala achiwiri othandiza kwambiri kuthana ndi cholesterol yayikulu. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma statins. Nthawi zina, amaperekedwa ngati ndalama zodziimira pawokha.

Njira yamachitidwe a mapiritsi ndi kupititsa patsogolo ntchito za lipoproteinplase, yomwe imaphwanya tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso kotsika kwambiri. Mankhwala, lipid metabolism imathandizira, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yopindulitsa kumachuluka, kagayidwe kazakudya mu chiwindi imagwiranso ntchito, ndipo chiopsezo cha mapangidwe a atherosulinotic ndi pathologies amtima amachepa.

Mankhwala olimbitsa mtima a cholesterol amaloledwa bwino ndi odwala. Zotsatira zoyipa zimachitika kawirikawiri (pafupifupi 7-10%).

Malangizo othandiza kwambiri ndi awa:

• Clofibrate. Ili ndi ntchito yotchulidwa ya hypolipidemic, imapangitsa kagayidwe kachakudya ka chiwindi, imachepetsa kukhudzika kwa magazi ndi thrombosis. Sichikuperekedwa pofuna kupewa cholowa kapena cholowa chamwazi.
• Gemfibrozil. Clofibrate zotumphukira ndi zochepa poizoni ndi zoyipa. Adanenanso kuti katundu wa lipid-kutsitsa. Imachepetsa LDL, VLDL ndi triglycerides, imachulukitsa HDL, imathandizira kuchotsetsa kwamafuta am'mafuta a chiwindi.
• Bezafibrat. Amachepetsa cholesterol ndi glucose, amachepetsa chiopsezo cha thrombosis. Adanenanso antiatherosranceotic katundu.
• Fenofibrate. Mankhwala amakono komanso othandiza kwambiri a cholesterol kuchokera pagulu la ma fibrate. Amawaganizira kuti ndi njira yodziwika pothana ndi vuto la lipid metabolism komanso kuchuluka kwa insulin. Kuphatikiza pa kuchepa kwa lipid, kumakhala ndi zotsutsana ndi kutupa, antioxidant ndi zotsatira za tonic.

Mafayilo amaletsedwa kotheratu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi cholelithiasis, chikhodzodzo cha ndulu, chiwindi ndi vuto la impso. Ndi chisamaliro chachikulu, amaperekedwa kwa achinyamata ndi okalamba.

Acototic acid

Niacin (Niacin, Vitamini PP, B₃- - mankhwala okhudzana ndi lipid kagayidwe, michere kaphatikizidwe, redox zimachitikira.

Ndi cholesterol yayikulu, Niacin imayikidwa limodzi ndi mankhwala ena kuti magazi azitha, kukulitsa zotupa za m'mimba ndikulimbitsa magazi. Niacin imathandizanso kutulutsa, kutulutsa ndi kulimbitsa mitsempha yamagazi, imakhala ndi zovuta ku thupi.

Mankhwalawa amachitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Kusintha kosiyanasiyana ndikotheka - ziwopsezo, kumva kutentha kwambiri, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zida zam'mimba, kuchuluka kwa shuga (kowopsa kwa odwala matenda a shuga).

Cholesterol mayamwidwe zoletsa

Mankhwala amtunduwu samachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa ma asidi a bile ndipo samalepheretsa kupangika kwa cholesterol ndi chiwindi. Kuchita kwawo kuli ndi cholinga chofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma asidi kuchokera m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono kupita m'chiwindi. Chifukwa cha izi, ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa zimachepetsedwa, ndipo kuchoka kwa magazi kumalimbikitsidwa.

Mankhwala othandiza kwambiri m'gululi:

• Ezetimibe (analogues: Ezetrol, Lipobon). Akutenga kalasi yatsopano. Kuchepetsa mayamwidwe a cholesterol m'matumbo ang'ono. Osachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko, musakhudze kuchuluka kwa moyo wa wodwalayo. Yothandiza kwambiri kuphatikiza ndi ma statins. Zotsatira zoyipa ndizotheka - chifuwa, kutsegula m'mimba, kuwonongeka kwa magazi.
• Guarem (garu gamu). Ili ndi hypocholesterolemic ndi hypoglycemic. Amachepetsa mayamwidwe a cholesterol m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, pomwe amalimbikitsa njira zama metabolic mu chiwindi. Ndi zovuta mankhwala, amachepetsa mulingo wa LDL ndi triglycerides ndi 10-15%.

Mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol yamagazi amapatsidwa njira yoyambira komanso cholowa cha hypercholesterolemia, omwe ali ndi vuto la lipid metabolism pamaso pa matenda a shuga.

Kukonzekera zitsamba

Kugwiritsa ntchito gululi la mankhwala ndizovomerezeka pokhapokha ndikuwonetsa pang'ono kapena kuwonjezeredwa ku chithandizo chachikulu.

Zotsatirazi zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino za anticholesterol:

• ananyamuka m'chiuno
• rasipiberi
• chokoleti,
• viburnum,
• hawthorn
• udzu winawake, adyo ndi kaloti zimathandiza kuyeretsa m'mitsempha yamagazi,
• yarrow, linden, momwort, oats amasintha ntchito ya chiwindi ndi mafuta ochepa a cholesterol.

Mizu ya Dandelion imathandizira kuyendetsa dongosolo la kugaya chakudya, kulemeretsa thupi ndi zinthu zofunika, komanso kupewa kuyamwa kwa mafuta m'thupi.

Pakati pazakudya zamagetsi, zotsatirazi ndizodziwika:

Njira ina:

1. Aterol. Ili ndi chochita chomwe chimathandizira kuyeretsa magazi ndi chiwindi, komanso kuwongolera kulemera kwa wodwalayo. Amapangidwa ngati mawonekedwe a makapisozi. Kuphatikiza apo, chidacho chimasinthasintha zochitika m'mimba, cholinga chogawa zinthu zowononga ndikuzichotsa m'thupi la munthu.
2. Choledol. Amasintha kagayidwe ka lipid, amachepetsa cholesterol, amabwezeretsa magazi. Mankhwalawa samapereka zotsatira zoyipa komanso amathandizira kukonza bwino kwathanzi.

Alfalfa Anticholesterol ndi Ateroclefit ndi otchuka chimodzimodzi. Chodabwitsa cha saponins omwe amapezeka mu nyemba ndi zovuta zawo pakuchiritsa.

Amangoletsa mapangidwe a cholesterol osavomerezeka, komanso kupewa mtima wa atherosulinosis, kuonjezera chitetezo chamthupi, komanso kukhala ndi antitumor.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amasintha kutanuka kwa khoma la mtima

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apititse patsogolo chithandizo komanso chofunikira kwambiri pochiza komanso kupewa zovuta za atherosulinosis. Chithandizo chothandizira chimaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe amasintha magazi, mkhalidwe wamakoma amitsempha yamagazi, magazi a magazi:

• Vinpocetine. Amachotsa kuphipha kwamitsempha yamagazi, kusintha magazi, Imakhala ndi phindu pamkatikati yamanjenje.
• Dihydroquercytin. Mapiritsi kusintha mtima ntchito ndi mtima. Sinthani kagayidwe ka lipid, muchepetse shuga, muchepetse kupita patsogolo kwa atherosulinosis.
• Acetylsalicylic acid. Perekani kuti muchepetse magazi komanso muchepetse ziwopsezo zamagazi.
• Zowonjezera pa cholesterol. Kuthekera kowatenga ndi kuwonjezeka kokhazikika kwa LDL ndikokayikira kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol yamagazi, zowonjezera zakudya zimangoyesedwa kuti zikhale zotetezeka. Palibe umboni uliwonse wothandiza pochiritsa.Koma zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikupatuka pang'ono kwa LDL kuchokera pazizolowezi, limodzi ndi chithandizo chamankhwala komanso kusintha kwa moyo.

Mapiritsi onse ayenera kumwedwa kokha malinga ndi dokotala. Kuphatikiza pa kumwa mankhwala, anthu omwe ali ndi cholesterol yambiri ayenera kusintha moyo wawo ndi zakudya. Pokhapokha ngati mankhwalawa atha kukhala othandiza komanso othandiza kwambiri.

Zolemba

1. George T. Krucik, MD, MBA. Zina mwa Statins Zotsitsa Cholesterol, 2016
2. Susan J. Bliss, RPh, MBA. Mankhwala Ochepetsa a Cholesterol, 2016
3. Omudhome Ogbru, PharmD. Mitundu Yotsitsa ya Cholesterol, 2017
4. A. A. Smirnov. Kuyerekeza kusanthula kwamphamvu kwa ma statin amakono

Zinthu zomwe zidakonzedwa ndi olemba polojekitiyi
malingana ndi ndondomeko yakusinthaku.

Zabwino ndi zotsika mtengo ndi ziti?

Pazinthu zokhala ndi thanzi kapena kupulumutsa miyoyo, mtengo wa mankhwala suyenera kukhala njira yokhayo yosankhira, ngakhale kuti mapiritsi a cholesterol otsika mtengo akhoza kukhala abwino kwambiri. Zonse zimatengera kukhudzika kwa thupi kuzinthu zopangika pamapiritsi ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo ndi hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol yokwezeka). Masiku ano, pochiza mikhalidwe iyi, mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• ma statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors),
• michere (zotumphukira za fibroic acid).

Mu gulu la ma statins, mapiritsi a cholesterol omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• atorvastatin,
• lovastatin
• pitavastatin
• pravastatin
• rosuvastatin,
• simvastatin
• fluvastatin.

Masango a fibrate amayimiriridwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito:

• bezafibrat,
• fenofibrate
• choline fenofibrate,
• kaprofibrate.

Mwa mankhwala a magulu awa, mutha kusankha mapiritsi otsika mtengo a cholesterol. Mayina ogulitsa a mankhwala amatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito), chifukwa chake ndibwino kupatsa mankhwala kwa dokotala.

Mankhwala otchuka kwambiri

Mndandanda wa mayina a mankhwala abwino kwambiri

Munthu akafuna kupeza mndandanda wa mayina a mankhwala abwino kwambiri, sayenera kupita ku malo ogulitsira, koma kupita ku chipatala ndikuyamba onetsetsani kuti akufunikira kwambiri mapiritsi a cholesterol.

Zabwino kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo mankhwala opangidwa kuti aziganizira zolakwika zonse zamankhwala am'mbuyomu omwe adawoneka mwa machitidwe azachipatala. Tikuyankhula zamankhwala aposachedwa kwambiri aomwe akuti mibadwo yotsiriza, ali m'gulu la ma statins, komanso gulu la ma fibrate, ndi mankhwala ena. Inde, mtengo wa mankhwalawa ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa mtengo wa mapiritsi "wamba" a cholesterol. Timapereka mndandanda wa mankhwala ochepetsa kwambiri (okwera) a lipid omwe amatsitsa patebulopo.

Zizindikiro zochepetsa LDL m'magazi

Monga tikuwonera patebulopo, ma statin amaimira gulu lalikulu kwambiri la mankhwala kuti achepetse cholesterol yamagazi. Ngakhale gululi lamankhwala silimayambitsa chidaliro chonse mwa odwala kapena madokotala chifukwa cha kuwonetsa kawirikawiri pazovuta pamankhwala. Malangizo a mapiritsiwa ali ndi mndandanda wa "kilomita". Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuli kofunikira kuzidziwa nokha ndi mankhwala ochepetsa awa a lipid mwatsatanetsatane.

Kuti owerenga athe kumvetsetsa kukula kwa zomwe apanga pamalondawa, tikupereka ziwerengero zotsatirazi:

• pagulu la statins pali zinthu 7 zazikulu (maina awo aperekedwa pamwambapa),
• pali zizindikiro za 88 za mankhwala a statin,
• pagulu lamankhwala onse amtunduwu opanga osiyana amaposa 3,500 mayina.

Zikuwonekeratu kuti ndizosatheka kutchula mayina onse, chifukwa chake tiziwonetsa kwambiri pa otchuka kwambiri.

Atorvastatin

Mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol Atorvasatin amapezeka kwa opanga ambiri omwe ali m'maiko osiyanasiyana. The yogwira ndi atorvastatin calcium, yomwe ili m'gulu la pharmacotherapeutic mankhwala opangira lipid-otsitsa, osankha zoletsa za HMG-CoA reductase. Zotsatira zake ndikuchepetsa milingo ya ma lipoprotein otsika kwambiri komanso otsika kwambiri (LDL ndi VLDL), triglycerides ndi apolipoprotein B poletsa kaphatikizidwe ka cholesterol m'chiwindi. Kuphatikiza apo, motsogozedwa ndi atorvastatin, mulingo wa HDL - lipoproteins yapamwamba ukuwonjezeka pang'ono.

Gulu la makampani opanga mankhwala Krka ndi nthambi zawo amatulutsa mapiritsi a cholesterol Atoris omwe ali ndi yogwira mankhwala atorvastatin. Monga ma statins ambiri, ali ndi kuthekera kutsimikizika kuchepetsa ziwopsezo monga angina pectoris ndi matenda amtima (26 ndi 16%, motsatana). Amalepheretsa kutsegula kwa ma macrophages, kuteteza kupasuka kwa zolembera za atherosrance.

Zophatikizidwa muzochitika za ma statins:

• ndi matenda a chiwindi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma transaminases nthawi zopitilira 3 kuchokera kumtunda wapamwamba kwambiri,
• kuchepa kwa mkaka wa lactase ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi tsankho la lactose,
• ndi mafupa amisempha
• Mimba ndi kuyamwa
• osakwana zaka 18.

Mapiritsi amapezeka mu Mlingo wa 30, 60 ndi 80 mg. Maonekedwe - mapiritsi oyera a convex azungulira kapena mawonekedwe ozungulira.

Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndikuchepetsa zovuta za mtima, malinga ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, mankhwalawa Novostat amapangidwanso (chonde - onani osati Novostatin). Nthawi zina alendo omwe amapita ku malo ogulitsa mankhwala (makamaka omwe amafunafuna mapiritsi kuti achepetse cholesterol malinga ndi malingaliro a anzawo) amasokoneza dzina la mankhwalawo ndi mankhwala ena ndikuwapempha kuti awapatse nthano ya Novostatin iyi. Odwala opanda chiyembekezo ngati amenewa sayenera kudabwitsidwa akapatsidwa antifungal Nystatin m'malo mwa lipid-kuchepetsa.

Novostat imakhazikitsidwa pa atorvastatin ndipo ili ndi zinthu zonse za pharmacodynamic zomwe zimagwira.

Kampani yaku Czech yomwe Zentiva imapanga mapiritsi atorvastatin ofotokoza Torvacard cholesterol. Monga mankhwala onse omwe ali ndi chophatikizira ichi, malangizo omwe agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi akulu kwambiri, zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mosamala komanso kolamulidwa ndi Torvacard. Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri - hyperglycemia, dyspepsia, flatulence, kusanza, kudzimbidwa, kupindika, kusowa kwa chiwindi, kupweteka kwa mutu, matupi awo sagwirizana - ndizofanana ndi mankhwala ambiri a statin.

Rosuvastatin

Mapiritsi okhala ndi chinthu chofanana ndi mapiritsi a pinki ozungulira. Kapangidwe kake ka rosuvastatin ndi ofanana ndi pharmacodynamics a ma statins onse, thunthu ndi la subtype la mpikisano, kusankha zoletsa za HMG-CoA reductase. Apatsidwa:

• ndi hypercholesterolemia ya pulayimale, yosakanikirana, komanso cholowa,
• hypertriglyceridemia,
• kutsitsa cholesterol mu atherosulinosis kuti tilepheretse kupita patsogolo.

Rosuvastatin imathandiza kupewa CVD komanso mavuto a odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo - ochepa matenda oopsa, banja lomwe limayambitsa matenda am'mitsempha yamagazi, matenda osokoneza bongo a chikonga.

Calcium ndi Rosuvastatin Calcium ndi gawo limodzi la mapiritsi a Roxer opangidwa ndi Krka. Awa ndi mapiritsi oyera oyera a “vesi” mbali imodzi. Mu kapangidwe ka ochulukitsa, monga pamapiritsi am'mwambawa a cholesterol, pali lactose, popeza odwala mkaka wa shuga sangadziwe kapena kuperewera kwa lactase ayenera kudziwa za.

Rosart hypolipidemic wothandizira ndi wa gulu la mapiritsi amtengo wotsika mtengo wa cholesterol kutengera rosuvastatin. Imapezeka m'malo anayi:

• 5 mg - mapiritsi oyera oyera okhala ndi "ST1" mbali imodzi,
• 10 mg - apinki, mapiritsi ozungulira, olembedwa "ST2",
• 20 mg - mapiritsi ozungulira a pinki, olembedwa "ST3",
• 40 mg - mapiritsi ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ndipo amalemba "ST4".

Mapiritsi a Krestor amapangidwa ndi nthambi zosiyanasiyana za kampani yaku Britain a Astra Zeneca ndipo ndi omwe amaphunziridwa kwambiri ndi mtundu wa rosuvastatin. Pachifukwachi, amaonedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa abwino (osati otsika mtengo) m'gulu la mankhwala ochepetsa lipid. Mapiritsi apakale ndiosavuta kusiyanitsidwa ndi chipolopolo chowoneka chikaso ndikuyika "ZD45225" mbali imodzi.

Nthanthi yopangidwa ndi Czech-Rosucard ya ku Czech (chophatikiza chomwe chimaganiziridwa kuti chilipo) chikupezeka muzosankha zitatu:

• 10 mg - mapiritsi a pinki opepuka kwambiri okhala ndi chipolopolo,
• 20 mg - ofanana ndi akale, koma osiyana maonekedwe a chipolopolo, apa ndi pinki,
• 40 mg ndi mapiritsi a pinki akuda.

Rosucard imanenanso za mapiritsi okwera mtengo, ngakhale mndandanda wazotsatira zoyipa ndizosagwiritsa ntchito sizifupika kuposa zomwe zimapezeka ma statin ena. Ngati mumwa mankhwalawa monga mukuwunenera komanso moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, chiopsezo cha zovuta ndizochepa.

Mankhwala ena a cholesterol yapamwamba

Ngati, mutatha kukumana ndi ma statins, kufunitsitsa kuthandizidwa nawo kumachepa (ndipo odwala ambiri amawopa kuwatenga), ndikofunikira kulabadira mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa cholesterol. Awa ndi mankhwala a gulu la fibrate - zotumphukira za fibroic acid, zomwe zimathandizira lipolysis ndikuchotsa zomwe zimatchedwa atherogenic lipoproteins (LDL ndi VLDL) kuchokera m'magazi, komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides. Mapiritsi awa a cholesterol siotsika mtengo, koma mutha kujambula mapangidwe opangidwa ndi Turkey (mwachitsanzo, Lipofen), omwe amakhala otsika mtengo kuposa 2 mapiritsi aku France.

Kuphatikiza pa ma fibrate ndi ma statins, lipid-kuchepetsa yotsika imagwiritsa ntchito cholesterol mayamwidwe ndi yogwira mankhwala ezetimibe (Ezetrol), yomwe imasankha zoletsa (kutsekereza) kuyamwa kwa cholesterol yochokera ku mbewu ndi sterols m'matumbo.

Chili bwino ndikumwa chiyani?

Kodi mungasankhe chiyani pamndandanda wamankhwala osokoneza ngati awa, omwe ndibwino kumwa? Ma Statin ndi ma fibrate amawopsya ndi zomwe zimachitika pachiwindi ndi minofu yamafupa, mankhwala aposachedwa kwambiri ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti muthe kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mosamala ndipo ngati zingatheke kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso moyenera, mutha kulandira chithandizo chokwanira.

Ngati ma statins kapena ma fiber sakukwanira, pali mapiritsi ena ochokera m'magulu a cholesterol mayamwidwe othandizira kapena othandizira otengera.

Nthawi zina mumatha kumva kuti Bioactive supplement (BAA) Energy ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mapiritsi a cholesterol. Koma malinga ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, zinthu zomwe zili ndi dzina la malonda a Energia ndi mavitamini ndi michere yama mineral omwe amapangidwira anthu omwe ali ndi vuto loperewera komanso mavitamini. Zowona kuti Energy ndi mapiritsi a cholesterol sizinatchulidwe mu annotation. Mankhwala nthawi zambiri samakhala mankhwala, kapena ngakhale othandizira kagayidwe, motero, sibwino kuwapatsa udindo wothandizira kutsitsa lipid.

Odwala amatha kusokoneza Energy pogwiritsa ntchito lipid-kuchepetsa ya Italy kapena ya Singapore yomwe imapangidwa ndi Simvastatin ndi ezetimibe (statin ndi cholesterol mayamwidwe). Uwu ndi machiritso abwino a hypercholesterolemia.

Ndikofunikira kunena za mapiritsi a Alisat (kapena "Garlic"), omwe ambiri amawawona ngati mapiritsi a cholesterol.Zakudya zowonjezera izi zimapangidwira kuti mudzazitse thupi kuperewera kwa allicin, chinthu chachilengedwe chokhala ndi antifungal ndi bactericidal katundu.

Ngati mukufunadi kulandira chithandizo osati mapiritsi a cholesterol, koma ndi zakudya zowonjezera zakudya, mutha kulabadira makapisozi a Aterolex omwe amathandizira kukonza kagayidwe ka lipid, kugwirizanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndi dokotala.

Kodi ndi zotsika mtengo ziti?

Ngati mungasankhe mankhwala kuti muchepetse cholesterol yamagazi kuchokera pagulu lotsika, ndiye muyenera kuyang'ana pakati pa mankhwala a gulu la statin:

• Atorvastatin (wokhala ndi chinthu chomwecho),
• Cardiostatin (lovastatin),
• Reddistatin (rosuvastatin),
• Vasilip (simvastatin).

Masiku ano, awa ndi mankhwala otsika mtengo kwambiri a cholesterol yamagazi ambiri.

Ndi zochepa zoyipa

Cholinga chachikulu pakuphatikiza mankhwala atsopano ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zoyipa ndikusungabe mphamvu ya mankhwalawo. Chifukwa chake, mapiritsi a cholesterol am'badwo watsopano - zoletsa za kuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'matumbo (Ezetrol) - amatengedwa ngati mankhwala otetezeka a lipid ochepetsa. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa alibe zotsatira zoyipa - ali ndipo mndandanda wawo ndi waukulu. Koma malingana ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, mawonekedwe osafunikira awa amawonekera m'magulu "mosasintha" komanso "kawirikawiri", omwe amalankhula motetezeka.

Kodi ndizotheka kuchepetsa mwachangu komanso moyenera?

Ndizovuta kwa munthu yemwe samazolowera kutsatira nyengo kuti avomereze kufunika kumwa mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali ndikutsatira zakudya. Odwala oterewa ndi osaleza mtima ndipo akufunafuna mapiritsi omwe amachepetsa cholesterol mwachangu komanso moyenera. Ndipo sipangakhale mapiritsi otere, popeza kubwezeretsanso kwa mafuta kagayidwe kofunikira kuti mafuta a cholesterol akhazikike m'magazi kumatenga nthawi yayitali. N`zosatheka kuchiritsa matenda okhala ndi mapiritsi angapo, omwe nthawi zina amapangidwa kwa zaka zambiri. Chifukwa chake, odwala omwe ali ndi hypercholesterolemia ayenera kukhala okonzekera chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali komanso kusintha kwakukuru m'moyo.

Unikani Mwachidule

Kuunikanso kwa odwala zinthu zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala a lipid osangalatsa ndizosangalatsa, kukuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse kuti ndi uti mwa iwo omwe amaloledwa bwino, omwe ndi othandiza kwambiri.

Malinga ndikuwunika kwa odwala, ambiri a iwo amathandizidwa ndi ma statins omwe amapatsidwa iwo kuchipatala. Kuchokera pagululi la mankhwalawa, mapiritsi a atorvastatin ndi rosuvastatin based cholesterol adalandira ndemanga zabwino. Mwa njira, rosuvastatin amatchedwa opambana, popeza munthawi ya makonzedwe ake odwala ambiri sanakumanepo ndi mavuto.

Pakati pa fibrate, Tricor adalandira ndemanga zabwino.

Ezetrol amatchedwa piritsi la cholesterol labwino koposa, koma madokotala ndi odwala onse amawona kuti "ndi mankhwala okwera mtengo osatheka."

Momwe mungachepetse cholesterol popanda mankhwala?

Popeza kuopsa ndi kuwonongera kwa ndalama, odwala ambiri amafunafuna njira ina yopanda mankhwala yochepetsera lipid. Ndipo njira zotere zilipo, ngakhale zimafunikira kulimbikira kwapadera, kulanga ndi kudekha, popeza njira izi sizipereka mwachangu zotsatira. Ndilo funso loti athetse zinthu zoyipitsa za kusokonezeka kwa lipid metabolism ngati kupanda masewera olimbitsa thupi, zizolowezi zoyipa komanso kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.

Kuphatikizika kwa njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuyenera kuphatikizapo bungwe la regimen la tsikulo ndikupumula koyenera komanso kuchepetsa kupsinjika.

Mutatha kukonza zakudya zamavuto, mutha kumasula chida chanu chogaya kuchokera pakufunika kuti mupeze mafuta ochulukirapo komanso ma secrechides, omwe angakhudze mbiri ya lipid. Ndi kukhazikika magazi cholesterol, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya zapadera za lipid zomwe zimathandizira kagayidwe kachakudya.

Mankhwala oyembekezera

Ngati, popanga kuyezetsa magazi a biochemical, zikuwululidwa kuti mtengo wa cholesterol wapitilira muyeso, mankhwala ndiwoyikidwa. Nthawi zambiri, adotolo amafotokozera gulu la ma statins omwe amagwira ntchito bwino. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti panthawi yoyembekezera mankhwalawa amatsutsana.

Muzochitika zotere, Hofitol amatumizidwa kwa amayi apakati. Chololeka chovomerezeka sichiposa mapiritsi atatu patsiku. Osadzisilira. Kuti mupeze nthawi, ndibwino kufunafuna thandizo la katswiri.

Moyo wokangalika

Zosakwanira zolimbitsa thupi kumabweretsa kukokomeza magazi ndikuchokera (deposition) yamagetsi osagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawonekedwe a mafuta ochulukirapo m'thupi. Amasungidwa pafupifupi ziwalo zonse zofunika, zimasokoneza momwe zimagwirira ntchito ndikusokoneza mafuta achilengedwe. Kusintha kwa mayendedwe azinthu zolimbitsa thupi kumathandizira kuti magazi azithamanga komanso kusintha njira zonse, kuphatikiza mafuta kagayidwe. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi - masewera olimbitsa thupi m'mawa, kuthamanga, kuyenda, kusambira kangapo pa sabata, kulimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi pantchito (makamaka ngati kungokhala).

Kuyeretsa ziwiya okhala ndi wowerengeka azitsamba

Zithandizo za Folk zidapezanso malo othandizira kutsika kwa lipid. Zachilengedwe zimakhala ndi zomerazi zomwe zimathandizira kusintha kwa kagayidwe kazakudya komanso kuwonongeka kwa mafuta. Izi ndizoyambira maphikidwe a mankhwala omwe amayeretsa magazi ndi kutsitsa cholesterol. Mukayamba mankhwala ochizira wowerengeka azitsamba, muyenera kukumbukira kuti mankhwala azitsamba ndiwotalikitsa, ndipo amakhalanso ndi zovuta komanso zotsutsana pazogwiritsa ntchito.

Mankhwala otchuka kwambiri

Mwa njira zotsika mtengo, koma zothandiza:

• lipoic acid
• Vasilip
• Simvastatin
• Simvor
• mapiritsi adyo
• Simvagexal
• Simvakard.

Otchuka kwambiri komanso omwe amapatsidwa nthawi zambiri ndi:

1. Aterol ndi imodzi mwama mankhwala othandizira polimbana ndi cholesterol yayikulu. Pakati pazopindulitsa zake zazikulu ndi kusakhalapo kwa zotsatira zoyipa, chithandizo chochepa (pafupifupi njira zitatu zovomerezeka ndizokwanira), zomwe zimapangidwa mwachilengedwe.
2. Madera a m'badwo watsopano ndi simvastatin.
3. Ezetrol ndi chida chodziwika bwino, koma chothandiza. Kuchita kwake ndikufuna kupewa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol, pomwe izi sizimalepheretsa njirayi, koma imachedwetsa.
4. Mafuta a nsomba ndi omega 3.

Ngati biochemistry yamagazi yawonetsa cholesterol yochulukirapo, muyenera kulumikizana ndi katswiri yemwe akupatseni chithandizo choyenera. Ngati simukuchita chilichonse kuti muchepetse chizindikiro, ndiye kuti chiopsezo chokhala ndi zotsatirapo zowopsa zimayambitsa, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a stroke komanso kugunda kwa mtima.