Glucometer popanda kukhomera: mtengo wa chipangizocho ndi malangizo

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amatha kukhala ofunika kuti azilamulira shuga. Momwe mungasankhire glucometer yoyenera? Zizindikiro zina ndizodziwikiratu. Mwachitsanzo, kwa okalamba, chipangizo chokhala ndi skrini yayikulu komanso yowonekera bwino ndiyabwino. Kwa achinyamata ndi kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowoneka bwino. Ndikothekanso kutenga ndi glucometer yaying'ono paulendo. Koma mikhalidwe yayikulu ya mita ya shuga yamagazi mulibe kukula kapena kulemera. Muyenera kudziwa pang'ono za ma glucometer.

Mitundu ya Glucometer

Glucometer ndi Photometric ndi electrochemical. Ma glucometer a Photometric amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zazitali zoyesedwa zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mawonekedwe apadera. Kuphatikizikako kumakhudzana ndi dontho la magazi ndikusintha mtundu wa mzere woyeza. Mamita amasanthula utoto uwu, kutengera kupenda uku, amatulutsa zotsatira. Awa ndi ma glucometer otsika mtengo, awa akuphatikiza ndi Acu-Chek Active glucometer.

Ma electrochemical glucose metres amagwiritsanso ntchito zingwe zoyeserera, koma zazing'ono. Mzere woyesera umayikidwa mu mita ndipo umayamwa dontho la magazi. Zotsatira zake za glucose m'magazi okhala ndi zinthu mu mzere woyezera, mafunde amagetsi osafunikira amatuluka, omwe glucometer imazindikira, ndikuwona zotsatira zake. Njira yakuyezera iyi imawonedwa yolondola komanso yachangu. Magazi sakalowa mu mita yokha. Izi ndi zida monga Accu-Chek Performa Nano glucometer. Amawononga zochulukirapo.

Godcometer Encoding

Pali zida zokhala ndi kusawerengetsa. Kulembako kumatanthauza kuti kwathunthu ndi timizere toyesera, chip chapadera chimaperekedwa kwa glucometer yotere, yomwe imayikidwa mu chipangizocho musanayesedwe. Nambala ya chip ndi yofanana ndi nambala yomwe imayikidwa pamizere yoyesera. Nthawi zina muyenera kuyika manambala pamanja, nthawi zina kachidindo kamasankhidwa kuchokera ku zosankha zingapo zomwe zingatheke, monga mu Bionime Rightest GM500 ndi kusanthula kwa zamagetsi pazotsatira. Chitetezo chowonjezera ku zotsatira zolakwika.

Panthawi yolemba, chipangizochi chimakhala chamtundu wina wamiyeso, chomwe chimawonjezera kulondola kwa zotsatira ndikuchotsa zolakwika zakupha. Mwachitsanzo, ngati zotsatira zoyeserera sizikudziwika molondola, munthuyo atha kupatsidwa insulin yolakwika. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwambiri amatha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, ndipo nthawi zina amakomoka kapena kufa.

Zina

Ndikofunika kuyang'anira kuwongolera kwa mita kuti ikhale yosavuta momwe mungathere. Onaninso momwe wopanga amasamala za kutonthoza kwanu. Mu kit ndi ma glucometer ena mutha kupezako cholembera chapadera, pomwe chokocho chimayikidwa kuti chiboole chala. Choboola choboola chimapangitsa njirayi kukhala yosasangalatsa komanso yosavuta.

Chifukwa chake, posankha glucometer, onetsetsani kuti ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ilibe ntchito zosafunikira zomwe muyenera kulipira zowonjezera. Ndikwabwino kugula glucometer yokhala ndi muyeso wa electrochemical ndikuyika makina pazotsatira zolondola.

Kusankha kachipangizo kogwira ntchito kwambiri

Chida chapadera cholankhula poyezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi chapangidwa kuti pakhale odwala okalamba komanso operewera. Chida choterechi chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi glucometer wamba, koma mawonekedwe amawu amawu ndiwowonjezera. Wowunikiranso amathandizanso kutsatira njira ya matenda ashuga nthawi ya kusanthula ndikukweza mawuwo.

Njira yolankhulirana yodziwika bwino kwa anthu opuwala ndi Clever Chek TD-4227A. Chida chotere chimadziwika ndi kupachika kolondola ndipo chimapereka zotsatira za phunziroli masekondi angapo. Chifukwa cha omwe amasanthula ndi ntchito yamawu, ngakhale anthu osawoneka kwathunthu amatha kuyesa magazi.

Pakadali pano, njira yabwino yopezekera kwa odwala matenda ashuga imakhala ngati wotchi yomwe glucometer imapangidwira. Chida choterocho chimakhala chokongoletsa ndipo chimavalidwa padzanja m'malo mwa wotchi yokhazikika. Chipangizocho chimakhala ndi ntchito zofanana ndi ma glucose metres kunyumba.

• M'modzi mwa owunikirawa ndi Gluvanoatch, sipafunikira kukongoletsa pakhungu ndi kusanthula shuga kudzera pakhungu. Mutha kugula kokha mwa kuyitanitsa pa intaneti, chifukwa siyogulitsa ku Russia. Anthu ena amati gluceter wam'mbali sayenera kuvala pafupipafupi, chifukwa chimakwiyitsa khungu.
• Osati kale kwambiri, zida zofananira ndi mawonekedwe amanja amanja zidawoneka pazogulitsa. Amavalidwa pamkono, amakhala ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana okongoletsa ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, amayeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kusanthula kumachitidwanso popanda kuboola khungu, koma chipangizocho chimafunikira kusankha payekha komanso kufunsira kwa adokotala.

Kupenda kosavuta kwambiri

Chosavuta kwambiri komanso chosavomerezeka ndi glucometer popanda encoding, chida choterocho chimasankhidwa kwa ana ndi okalamba omwe zimawavuta kutsimikizira chidacho.

Monga mukudziwa, zida zambiri zamagetsi zimafunikira nambala yapadera. Nthawi iliyonse mukakhazikitsa chingwe chatsopano choyesera mu mita, muyenera kuyang'ana nambala zomwe zikuwonetsedwa ndikuwonetsa ndi zomwe zimayikidwa pakukhazikitsa zofunikira. Ngati njirayi singachitike, chipangizochi chikuwonetsa zolakwika za phunzirolo.

Pankhaniyi, odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi vuto lowona amalimbikitsidwa kugula zida zamtunduwu popanda kusungira. Kuti muyambe kusanthula, muyenera kukhazikitsa mzere woyeserera, zilowerereni magazi ofunikira ndikatha masekondi angapo kuti mupeze zotsatira.

1. Masiku ano, opanga ambiri akuyesera kupanga mitundu yapamwamba popanda kulemba khodi, kupereka chitonthozo chowonjezereka kwa odwala. Pakati pa glucometer otere, One Touch Select imadziwika kuti ndi yotchuka kwambiri, yomwe imasanthulidwa mwachangu komanso mosavuta.
2. Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito Iphone, Apple, limodzi ndi kampani yopanga mankhwala Sanofi-Aventis, apanga mtundu wapadera wa iBGStar glucometer. Chida choterechi chimatha kuyesa magazi mofulumira ndikupanga shuga ndikugwirizana kwathunthu ndi gadget.
3. Chipangizo chofananachi chimagulitsidwa mu mawonekedwe a adapter yapadera yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi smartphone. Pa kusanthula, algorithm yapadera imagwiritsidwa ntchito, muyeso umachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zosinthika zapadera zomwe zimayikidwa mkati mwa chipangizocho.

Pambuyo poboola pakhungu pachala, dontho la magazi limalowetsedwa pamalo oyeserera, pambuyo pake kuwunikirako kumayambira, ndipo deta yolandirayo ikuwonetsedwa patelefoni.

Ma adapter amakhala ndi batiri losiyana, chifukwa silikukhudza ma gadget. Katswiriyu amatha kusunga mpaka miyeso 300 yaposachedwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kutumiza mayeso nthawi yomweyo.

• Chipangizo chinanso chosavuta ndi ma glucometer popanda zingwe zoyesa. Pali zosankha zingapo za zida zopangira kafukufuku zomwe sizichita. Ndiye kuti muzindikire zofunikira za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi, sikofunikira kuti mutenge magazi.
• Makamaka, wopanga wa Omelon A-1 amatha kuyesa poyesa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kugunda kwa mtima. Chovala chapadera chimayikidwa pa mkono, ndipo chimayambitsa kupangika kwa zokakamiza. Pogwiritsa ntchito sensor yokhazikika-mumakina, ma pulows awa amasinthidwa kukhala chizindikiro chamagetsi, chomwe chimakonzedwa ndi micrometer ya mita.
• Gluco Track yosavulaza yomwe siimafunikira. Kuyeza kwa mulingo wa shuga kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ultrasound, kutentha kwazowonjezera komanso miyeso ya conductor.

Chipangizocho chili ndi kanema komwe kamalumikizidwa ndi khutu ndi sensor kuti iwonetse zotsatira.

Zosankha zopanga

Lero pakugulitsa mutha kupeza ma glucometer opanga osiyanasiyana, omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri ku Japan, Germany, USA ndi Russia. Kampani iliyonse ili ndi zake, ndizovuta kwambiri kuyankha mosasiyanitsa kuti ndi katswiri uti.

Zipangizo za ku Japan zilibe kusiyana kwapadera. Amakhalanso ndi zinthu zambiri, komanso zida kuchokera kwa ena opanga. Ponena za mtunduwu, koma Japan nthawi zonse imasiyanitsidwa ndi njira yapadera pazinthu zilizonse, kotero ma glucometer amakhala ndi kulondola kwakukulu komwe kumakwaniritsa miyezo yokhazikitsidwa.

Mtundu wofala kwambiri ungatchedwa glucometer glucard sigma mini. Gawoli limasanthula masekondi 30. Zolakwika za zida ngati izi ndizochepa, kotero wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kutsimikiza za mtunduwo. Kuphatikiza apo, mita imatha kupulumutsa miyeso yaposachedwa, koma kukumbukira kwake ndizochepa kwambiri.

1. Zabwino kwambiri komanso zotsimikizika pazaka zapitazo ndi glucometer zopangidwa ku Germany. Inali dziko lino lomwe linayamba nthawi yopanga zida zapakhomo zoyezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndikuyambitsa zida za Photometric kwa odwala matenda ashuga.
2. Mndandanda wofala kwambiri wamaGerman wa ma glucometer ndi Accu-chek, ndiwosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndiwofanana kukula kwake komanso kulemera kwake, chifukwa chake amakhala mosavuta m'thumba lanu kapena kachikwama.
3. Kutengera ndi zosowa, odwala matenda ashuga amatha kusankha zosavuta, koma zapamwamba kwambiri, komanso zothandiza kwambiri, ndizowonjezera zambiri. Zipangizo zamakono zili ndi chiwongolero chamawu, zizindikiro zomveka, zodziyimira zokha. Onse openda za nkhanizi ali ndi cholakwika chocheperako, chifukwa chake, amadziwika kwambiri pakati pa odwala.
4. Ma glucometer opangidwa ku USA nawonso ali m'gulu lamayendedwe olondola kwambiri a glucose. Kuti apange ma glucometer abwino, asayansi aku America amachita kafukufuku wambiri, ndipo zitatha izi amayamba kupanga zida.
5. Zodziwika kwambiri komanso zotchuka ndi zida za mndandanda wa OneTouch. Ali ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe onse ofunikira kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Izi ndizosavuta kosanthula kuti mugwiritse ntchito, chifukwa chake sikuti akulu okha, komanso ana ndi achikulire omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito.

Ogwiritsa ntchito amaperekedwanso ndi zida zosavuta zomwe zimakhala ndi ntchito zochepa, komanso makina onse ogwirira ntchito omwe amalola kuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol, hemoglobin ndi matupi a ketone.

Mita ya glucose yam'madzi yaku America imadziwika chifukwa cholondola kwambiri. Zipangizo zambiri zimakhala ndi mawu amawu, ntchito ya alamu ndi kupanga chizindikiro pakudya. Ngati mungathe kusamalira bwino nkhaniyi, zikhala kwa zaka zambiri popanda zolephera komanso kuphwanya malamulo.

Ma Glucometer opanga Russian ndiwotchukanso chifukwa cholondola kwambiri. Kampani ya Elta nthawi zonse imapereka odwala ashuga omwe ali ndi mitundu yatsopano yazida zoyezera pamitengo yotsika mtengo kwa anthu aku Russia. Bizinesi iyi imagwiritsa ntchito sayansi komanso ukadaulo wamphamvu kwambiri kuti azitha kuyendera limodzi ndi maiko ena ndikupikisana nawo mokwanira.

Pakati pa glucometer odziwika kwambiri ku Russia ndi Satellite Plus. Ili ndi mtengo wotsika komanso wabwino, motero ndiyotchuka kwambiri pakati pa ogula zida zamankhwala. Chovuta cha chipangizocho ndi chochepa, kotero odwala matenda ashuga amatha kupeza zotsatira zoyenera. Satellite Express ilinso ndi ntchito zofananira, koma imapita patsogolo kwambiri.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi akukamba za mita yosalemba.

Glucometer: ndi chiyani chomwe chimayeza?

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa shuga wawo wamagazi. Ndi matendawa malinga ndi mtundu woyamba, ndikofunikira kuwerengera mulingo woyenera wa insulin. Munjira yachiwiri yamatenda, kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa glucose mthupi ndikofunikira kuti muwone kuyende bwino kwa antidiabetesic mankhwala ndi zakudya zapadera. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumapangitsa kuyesa kuchuluka kwa matenda.

Ichi ndi chiyani

Popeza kuyendera pafupipafupi kupita kuchipatala ndikosatheka (kupatsidwa kuti ngati kuli bwino ngati cheke chimachitika kangapo patsiku). Pachifukwa ichi, odwala amatenga zida zapadera zapakhomo - glucometer, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wowunika momwe alili. Sikuti aliyense amadziwa kuti glucometer ndi chiyani. Gluceter ndi chipangizo choyezera shuga m'magazi kunyumba.

Si odwala onse omwe amadziwa zomwe glucometer amachita. Zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a shuga m'magazi. Chiyeso cha muyeso wa mmol pa lita.

Mitundu ina yaku America ndi ku Europe ikuwonetsa zotsatira mu njira yosiyana yoyezera (yomwe imakonda ku US ndi EU). Amakhala ndi matebulo apadera osinthira kuwerengera ku magawo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Russian Federation.

Zosiyanasiyana

1. Chida chowunikira ndi kuyeza shuga m'thupi chitha kukhala ndi kukumbukira kukumbukira zotsatira zomalizira (nthawi zina pamatha kuwayika chizindikiritso - tsiku, nthawi, chakudya musanadye, mukatha kudya, ndi zina zambiri).
2. Kuwerengera kwa mtengo wapakati patsiku, sabata, masabata awiri, mwezi, etc. (si odwala onse omwe amadziwa kuti izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika momwe mankhwalawo alili),
3. Chenjezo lodziwika bwino la hyperglycemia kapena hypoglycemia ndilofunika kwa anthu ovutika kuwona kuti awone momwe alili,
4. Chipangizo choyezera chabwino kwambiri chimatha kukhala ndi gawo lowoneka mwanjira iliyonse pazoyenera za munthu aliyense payekha (zomwe ndizofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwachizindikiro komwe tafotokozazi).

Chifukwa chake, mukuganiza kuti ndi chida chiti chomwe chimakulolani kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa shuga mumagazi m'njira yabwino, yankho silikhala pamtengo wa chipangizocho. Mitundu yosavuta, yopanda ntchito zambiri zowonjezerapo, ndizotsika mtengo pomwe zowerengera zake ndizokwera ngati za mitundu yamtengo wapatali komanso yamagulu ambiri.

Mfundo yogwira ntchito

Zida zotsogola zotsogola zotsogola kwambiri zimagwira ntchito pamaziko a njira ya electrochemical. Ndi zida zotere zomwe zimagulitsidwa muma pharmacies nthawi zambiri. Malinga ndi njirayi, zida zotsatsa kwambiri komanso zotchuka zimagwira - Accu Chek, OneTouch ndi ena. Chida choterocho choyeza miyezo ya shuga m'magazi chimadziwika ndi kulondola kwakukulu, kuthamanga komanso kuthamanga kwa opareshoni. Chinthu chinanso chabwino ndicho kudziimira pawokha popanda magawo ena a magazi ndi kuphatikizidwa kwa zinthu zina zopanda shuga.

Mwaukadaulo, chipangizo choyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi ndi motere. Chovala chapadera chimayikidwa m'malo ogwirira ntchito poyesa chingwe. Dontho la magazi likagwera pamenepo, zinthu zake zapadera zimayamba kulumikizana nawo. Poterepa, kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimapangidwira kumalo oyeserera kuti zitheke Mzere kuchokera ku chipangizocho chodziwitsa kusintha kwamasamba. Mphamvu yamakono ndi mawonekedwe a kusintha kwake ndi deta yayikulu pamaziko a momwe kuwerengera kwama glucose kumapangidwira.

Sizosowa, koma ndizotheka, kuti tigulitse dongosolo lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa Photochemical. Mita yotero ya shuga imaphatikizira kuyika pathupi poloyesa, zomwe zimalumikizana ndi glucose, zimapakidwa utoto utoto. Kutengera izi, ndende ya glucose imawerengeredwa. Chida chotere cha kuyeza milingo ya shuga (kapena m'malo mwake, njira) chimawerengedwa ngati chatha ndipo chimakhala chosavuta kuwerenga.Pachifukwa ichi, poyankha funso loti ndi chipangizo chiti chomwe chimaloleza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, pali yankho lenileni - electrochemical.

Zotheka

Kuyang'ana ndi kuyesa shuga m'thupi mwanjira iyi, wodwalayo amangofunika osati chida chokha, komanso chida chowonjezera - choperewera. Nthawi zambiri, imaphatikizidwa ndi mita, koma nthawi zina imafunika kuti igulidwe payokha. Mtundu wa chocheperako sichofunikira, monga momwe amapangira, popeza sichimayenderana mwachindunji ndi mita.

Mafuta a glucose amagwira ntchito ndi timitengo tomwe timayesedwa mwachitsanzo. Ndizotayidwa ndipo ndizosankha. Amasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wa chipangizocho ndipo ali ndi moyo wa alumali (pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndi theka).

Kuphatikiza pa zingwe, ndikofunikira kusintha lancet nthawi ndi nthawi. Ichi ndiye tsamba lothothoka kwambiri, lomwe lakhazikitsidwa pang'onopang'ono. Amawombedwa khungu osapweteka sampule. Cholepheretsa sichingatengeke, koma chimafunikira m'malo mwake nthawi zina chimayamba kuzimiririka.

Gwiritsani ntchito

• Mzere wapadera umayikidwa mu chipangizo chowongolera shuga, chomwe chimaphatikizidwa phukusi lililonse la mizere yoyesera,
• Pambuyo pake, kachidindo kakuwonekera pazenera. Tsambali likuyenera kufanana ndi = = lolembedwapo
• Ngati chikufanana, mutha kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho. Ngati njirayi sinachitike, ndiye kuti idathayo singakhale yolakwika chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa zokutira kumisempha.

• Sambani manja anu kapena gwiritsani ntchito malo ogwedeza mtsogolo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa,
• Yatsani mita ya shuga yamagazi (ngati mulibe zida zamagetsi mutangoika gawo loyesa),
• Chotsani Mzerewo pamalatayo ndipo mutseke zolongedza mwamphamvu,
• Ikani gawo loyeserera mu mita ya shuga mpaka litayima,
• Tengani chofiyira (singano) ndikulimbikira gawo lake chala mpaka chala. Dinani batani ndikuchotsa cholakwika. Dikirani osapanikizika. Pomwe dontho la magazi limatuluka
• Ikani magazi pamalo oyeserera,
• Yembekezani mpaka muyeso womwe utengedwe ndi chida uthe. Chizindikiro cha ndende ya magazi ndi mmol pa lita imodzi chiziwonekera.
• Chotsani mzere ndikuzimitsa chida (ngati izi sizichitika zokha mutachotsa Mzere).

Ngati chipangizo choyezera shuga m'magazi kapena kunyumba sichikathandizira ntchito yolemba zotsatira kukumbukira, lembani nthawi, tsiku ndi zidziwitso zomwe zili muzolemba zomwe muyenera kupita kukadwala. Pa chisonyezo chilichonse, mutha kulembanso nthawi yomwe magazi amatengedwa - musanadye kapena mutatha (nditatha nthawi yanji).

Ma glucometer apano opanda zingwe zoyesa

Kwa iwo omwe akudwala ndi "matenda okoma", ndendende - ndi matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi. Pachifukwa ichi, zida zapadera ndizothandiza kwambiri. Tikulankhula za glucometer. Pali zitsanzo zowononga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mokakamiza ngati zingwe zoyeserera, komanso glucometer yosasokoneza popanda kugwiritsa ntchito.

Kodi mita yama glucose osasokoneza?

Chipangizochi chimakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi popanda kubaya khungu. Njira imeneyi ilibe zopweteka. Kusanthula kumatenga chakhumi. Rra infrared amachita ngati singano. Apa ndimagwiritsa ntchito njira yowonera. Chipangizocho ndicholondola.

Zimakuthandizani kuyeza shuga wamagazi ndi zolakwika zosaposa khumi. Chipangizocho chiyenera kukonzedwa kwa wodwala aliyense payokha. Njira yowerengera ndiyovuta kwambiri. Koma ndiye kuti miyezo imachitika popanda kuwawa, ndalama zowonjezera sizofunikira pakugula kwa zingwe zoyeserera.

Chida chosasokoneza magazi cha glucose mita

Ichi ndi chipangizo chamagetsi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a munthu. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kuyang'anira magazi awo pafupipafupi. Mtengo wa glucose wosasokoneza magazi ungadziwe bwino kuwerenga kwanu kwa glucose osagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zoyeserera.

Amasinthidwa ndi tepi yapadera yomwe imamangidwa mu chipangizocho. Minda imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa iyo, yomwe imathandizidwa ndi reagent yapadera. Ma drum awiri ozungulira mu kaseti ya chipangizocho amapezeka mosiyana - pa imodzi amasungidwa tepi yoyera, yachiwiri - yogwiritsidwa kale ntchito.

Ubwino wa Mitundu Yosasinthika

1. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma glucometer awa, kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa sikofunikira, chipangizocho chimagwira popanda kugwiritsa ntchito magazi.
2. Palibenso chifukwa chobaya chala, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti njirayi imakhala yopweteka kwambiri. Kuthetsa kuvulala, komanso chiopsezo chotenga matenda ena opatsiridwa kudzera m'magazi.
3. Palibe chifukwa chosinthira zothetsera pafupipafupi.
4. Nthawi yofunikira kuyeza glucose wamagazi imachepetsedwa. Pazida izi, zimakhala masekondi atatu mpaka asanu.
5. Kaseti imodzi yoyesera idapangidwa kuti ikhale nthawi yosangalatsa.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yosasokoneza

Gluceter popanda kugwiritsa ntchito poyesa amadziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Pali mitundu yambiri yomwe imasiyana pamitengo, mawonekedwe, komanso njira yodziwira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Iyi ndi tonometer yomwe imapereka zidziwitso zolondola kwambiri pokhudzana ndi boma la mavuto. Nthawi yomweyo, ndi glucometer wosakhudzidwa wopanda mayeso. Chipangizochi chili ndi ntchito zitatu zofunika:

• amayeza magazi magawo,
• chikuwonetsa kugunda kwa mtima
• chimatsimikiza kuti shuga la magazi ndi chiyani.

Magawo olimbitsa ma pulse amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chidziwitso chowerengera zolondola. Zotsatira zikuwonetsedwa pachizindikiro cha mita mwamaambala manambala.

Nthawi yabwino yoyezera imakhala m'mawa, musanadye chakudya cham'mawa, kapena maola awiri mutatha kudya. Ndikofunikira kukonzekera - munthu ayenera kumasuka, kukhazikika. Pokhapokha mwa izi ndi momwe zowerengera zidzakhalire zolondola momwe zingathere.

Ichi ndi glucometer osagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zapadera, zomwe zimagwira ntchito mofananamo ndi Omelon A-1. Ndi chithandizo chake, ndizotheka kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwakuwunika momwe mitsempha yamagazi ilili, kamvekedweidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, chipangizocho chimayeza magazi molondola komanso chimakupatsani mwayi wambiri.

Gluco Track DF-F

Glucometer popanda kugwiritsa ntchito poyesa mabatani amatha kuyesa kuchuluka kwa glucose. Chipangizocho chinapangidwa ndi asayansi aku Israeli. Chipangizocho chikukumbukira za zomata zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi khutu. Glucometer sichimalumikizidwa ndi kompyuta osagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zoyesera, chifukwa chitha kuwerengera zofunikira. Chidutswa chimodzi chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, pambuyo pake chimasinthidwa ndi china.

Accu-Chek Mobile

Chipangizochi chimachokera ku kampani yotchuka ku Switzerland. Ndi za Roche Diagnostics. Ngakhale kuti mita yopanda mayeso, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutenga magazi. Kuti mudziwe za magazi, gwiritsani ntchito kaseti yapadera yoyeserera. Kuti muboole chala kunali kosavuta, gwiritsani ntchito nyundo yokhala ndi singano zopumira.

Iyi ndi njira yabwino posankha pakati pa mita ya glucose wamagazi ndi mita yamagazi. Mu mtundu uwu, miyezo makumi asanu ndiyotheka, chidziwitso chimasungidwa ngakhale pambuyo pakupanga mawerengero angapo.

TCGM Symphony

Chipangizochi chinafufuzidwa ndi asayansi aku America. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yosasokoneza, chipangizochi sichifuna magazi, komanso chidziwitso cha malo amitsempha yamagazi. Phunziro la transdermal limachitika pano, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyandikira pakhungu pasadakhale kuti mupange maphunziro akhungu.

Mtundu wa peeling umachitika pamalo ena - mothandizidwa ndizotheka kukonza magetsi. Izi ndizokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe amaperekedwa kwa sensor kuchokera ku mafuta obisika, operekedwa ku foni.

Izi ndizotengera zitsanzo zonse zomwe zilipo - kusankha kuli kwakukulu. Chifukwa cha izi, aliyense akhoza kudzisankhira yekha glucometer yoyenera popanda kukhala ndi mavuto apadera komanso kuyeserera.

Momwe mungasankhire zoyenera

Mukamasankha glucometer osagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zoyesera, muyenera kutsatira:

• njira yoyezera
• nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza
• kukhalapo kwa kukumbukira, kuchuluka kwa miyeso yomwe chipangizochi chimatha kukumbukira,
• mtundu wamakalata ndi mabatire,
• kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe a USB.

Ngati mtunduwo wasankhidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndi munthu wachikulire, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'ana mosamala mita popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mizere yoyeserera, yomwe ili ndi ntchito ya machenjezo amawu, ndiyosavuta kuyendetsa. Ponena za achinyamata, zitsanzo zomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe a USB ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo. Chifukwa cha izi, mita imatha kulumikizidwa ndi kompyuta, sungani diary ya miyeso pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apadera.

Pochizira mafupa, owerenga athu adagwiritsa ntchito DiabeNot bwino. Kuwona kutchuka kwa malonda, tidaganiza zoperekera chidwi chanu.

Kodi glucometer ndi chiyani?

Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa nthawi yomweyo ndikuuza makasitomala za izi, kuti matenda a shuga sapezeka pamawonekedwe a glucometer!

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupititsa maulendo angapo. Komanso, mu labotale.

Glucometer imakupatsani mwayi wowongolera shuga anu tsiku lonse, Sinthani kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga malinga ndi zomwe akuwonetsa, ndikuwerengera mtengo wapakati wa shuga wamagazi kwakanthawi.

Amakhulupirira kuti mita imagwira ntchito molondola ngati cholakwika pakati pazomwe zimapangidwa ndi chipangizochi ndi labotale sichidutsa 20%.

Chowonjezereka cha mafakitale okhala ndi ma photometric ndi electrochemical glucometer.

Choyamba kunabwera kujambulidwa. Uwu ndi m'badwo woyamba wamadzi a shuga amwazi.

Kodi zimagwira bwanji?

Enzyme imayikidwa pa chingwe choyesera, chomwe chimalumikizana ndi dontho la magazi, ndipo chifukwa chake, mtundu wa gawo loyeserera umasintha. Chipangizocho chikufanizira mtundu wosinthika ndi womwe uyenera kukhala wowerengeka wa shuga, ndikupereka zotsatira zake.

Mitsempha yamagazi imeneyi imawonetsa phindu la shuga m'magazi athunthu. Ndiye kuti, mukamayang'ana pamimba yopanda kanthu manambala 3.3-5.5 mmol / L awonetsedwa, zonse zili bwino.

Vomerezani kuti ngati zida izi zikukhutira kwathunthu ndi madokotala ndi odwala, simudzayenera kupanga china.

Koma kulondola kwa kuwerengera kwa ma modometric glucometer kumasiya kukhala kofunikira, chifukwa amatha kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa mlengalenga, chinyezi, kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, ngakhale kuwunikira.

Chifukwa chake, m'badwo wachiwiri wa odziwika a shuga wamagazi adawonekera: zida zamagetsi.

Mwa iwo, nawonso, magazi amakhudzana ndi enzyme yoyika pamzere woyeserera.

Pankhaniyi, magetsi amapezeka. Zida zapadera zimagwira mphamvu yake, zimafalitsa kwa chipangizo choyezera glucometer, ndipo zimapereka zotsatira.

Palibe zinthu zakunja zomwe zimakhudza chida chotere. Ma glucometer awa amakhulupirira kuti ali olondola kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ali "ochepa magazi": dontho laling'ono kwambiri lamwazi ndilokwanira kuyeza.

Ma electrochemical glucometer nthawi zambiri amawongolera, ndiye kuti, amasinthidwa, ndi plasma.

Kukula kwa m'badwo wachitatu wama glucometer, omwe amatha kudziwa shuga wam magazi popanda magazi, akuchitika. Ndipo zidzakhala zapamwamba! Makamaka kwa ana.

Kodi mayeso omata pamakhodi ndi chiyani?

Mtundu uliwonse wa zingwe zoyeserera umapatsidwa kachidindo kake. Zimatengera ma microdoses a reagent omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito.

Mamita amayenera kukhazikitsidwa mwachindunji kwa nambala iyi ya mizere yoyesera, apo ayi iwonetsa zotsatira zolakwika.

Ndingayerekeze izi ndi manambala amafuta. Mukudziwa kuti magalimoto ena amathandizidwa ndi mafuta a AI-92, ena AI-95, AI-98 yachitatu, etc. Zimatengera muyeso wa kuyeretsedwa. Sindine woyendetsa, koma ndikukhulupirira kuti ngati mafuta olakwika atadzazidwa m'malo mwa oyenera, injiniyo singagwire ntchito moyenera.

M'magulu osiyanasiyana amtunduwu, codeyo ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa:

• Manja
• Kugwiritsa ntchito chip chapadera chomwe chimabwera ndi mizera yoyesa,
• Makina opanga okha.

Kukhazikitsa manambala pamanja kumatanthauza kuti ndikanikizani mabatani a mita, muyenera kukhazikitsa manambala a manambala omwe afotokozedwera mutayala mizere yoyesera.

Monga mukumvetsetsa, munthu, makamaka wokalamba, sangamvetsetse kuchokera pazomwe angapangire izi. Kodi ndi mabatani ati?

Kapenanso angangoiwala kuchita. Kapena lowetsani manambala olakwika.

Kukhazikitsa ndi chip ndikosavuta. Chip chimakhala chinthu chotere chomwe chimapezeka phukusi lililonse lomwe lili ndi mizere yoyesera.

Pankhani ya mita yake imapereka malo apadera.

Ngati kuseketsa kwa mizere yoyeserera mu mita iyi kukuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito chip, ndiye kutsegula bokosi lililonse latsopano pogwiritsa ntchito mizere yoyesera, muyenera kutenga chip chomwe chili pamwamba ndikuchiyika mu mita, mutachotsa chakale.

Nthawi yomweyo, code ya mizere yoyesera imawonetsedwa zokha pazenera, zomwe mumangofunika kutsimikizira ndi zomwe zalembedwa paphukusi.

Chip ichi chizikhala mu chipangizochi mpaka munthu atagwiritsa ntchito mayeso onse a batchiyi.

Koma pali kuthekera kwakuti munthu sangawerenge malangizo mosamala, asasinthe chip, kutsegula mtsuko wina ndi mizere yoyesera, osazindikira komwe angayikemo.

Chifukwa chake, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndikamagula chipangizo chomwe chimadzipangira nokha pamayipi aliwonse a mayeso.

Tithokoze Mulungu kuti alipo.

Mwinanso izi ndizofanana: code ya mabatani onse a mizere yoyesa ndiofanana, ndipo idalowetsedwa kale ndi wopanga, mwachitsanzo mu One Touch glucometer.

Chifukwa chake, ngati muwona "Jambulani Zokhazikika" kapena "Popanda Kuyika" pakukhazikitsa kwa chida, dziwani kuti uwu ndi mwayi wake wopindulitsa.

Ndipo mu phukusi ndi chiyani?

Mamita sakhala phukusi lokha. Ili ndi zonse zomwe mukufunikira kuti muthamangirepo nthawi yomweyo ndikuthamangira ku pharmacy kuti mumaloze kapena timiyeso.

Kugula glucometer, wogula amapeza:

1. Chipangacho chokha.
2. Choboola chala.
3. Malupu ochepa. Izi ndi singano zopyapyala zomwe zimayikidwa mchikuto.
4. Mikwingwirima ingapo.
5. Chophimba cha chilichonse pamwambapa kuti titenge mbali yonseyi pamsewu, kuti tigwire ntchito.
6. Nthawi zina yankho lolamula limatha kukhala muphukusili. Afunika kuwunika momwe mita ikugwirira ntchito. Koma nthawi zambiri zimagulitsidwa payokha.

Njira yothetsera vutoli ndi yankho la glucose lomwe limayikidwa pa strip yoyesa m'malo mwa dontho la magazi. Malangizowo nthawi zambiri amalemba zomwe zikusonyeza cheke chimenecho chikuwonetsa kuti chipangizocho chikugwira ntchito moyenera.

Njira yothetsera imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• Musanagwiritse ntchito mita koyamba.
• Pambuyo kugwa kwa chipangizocho.
• Ngati kuwerenga kwa glucometer sikugwirizana ndi thanzi la wodwalayo.

Ndikofunika kuchita cheke kamodzi pa masabata awiri.

Njira yothetsera kawongoleredwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwanira ma cheke 75-80.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mita?

Tiyeni tiwone momwe angagwiritsire ntchito chipangizachi.

1. Sambani ndi sopo ndi manja owuma. Zingwe zoyeserera zimazindikira chinyezi, ndiye manja ayenera kukhala owuma. Mafuta m'manja ndi kupukuta chala chanu ndi mowa. Mowa umadzola khungu, umapangitsa kuti ukhale wowuma, ndipo kupangika kumapangitsa kukhala kowawa kwambiri.
2. Chotsani lancet imodzi pamapaketi.
3. Tambasulirani mutu wagawo kuti muboolere ndikudula lancet.
4. Chotsani chipewa pamalondopo ndikuyika pamutu pa chogobacho.
5. Khazikitsani kuzama koboola kozungulira ndikutembenuza mutu. Kwa amuna 4-5, kwa akazi 3-4, kwa ana 1-2. Ngati khungu ndi loyipa, ndiye kuti pambuyo pobowoleza zidzadziwika kuti kuya kwake ndikokwanira, kapena ngati kukufunika kuwonjezeka.
6. Tulutsani mzere umodzi ndikuyiyika mu mita pogwiritsa ntchito mivi. Pakupita masekondi angapo, magazi akuwoneka ngati magazi.
7. Kuti tambala "chogwirizira" cha punctr ndi kubweretsa osati pakati pa pilo, koma mbali ya chala, momwe jakisoni sakumva.
8. Dinani pa "kumasulidwa".
9. Finyani chala mpaka dontho la magazi litatuluka. Chotsani dontho loyamba ndi nsalu yowuma. Finyani dontho lachiwiri.
10. Bweretsani chala ndi dontho la magazi kumapeto kwa mzere. Monga lamulo, magawo oyesa a glucometer amakono amadzipaka magazi momwe angafunikire. Izi zimatchedwa "kudzazitsa kwa capillary."M'mitundu yakale ya ma glucometer, kunali kofunikira kuti magazi ake athe kulowa m'malo oyeserera - izi zidapangitsa zovuta zina.

Pambuyo masekondi angapo, zotsatira zake zidzawonetsedwa pazenera.

Ngati china sichikumveka, pali mavidiyo ambiri pamutuwu pa YouTube.

Kodi shuga ndimagazi kangati?

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, izi zikuyenera kuchitika maulendo 4 mpaka 8 patsiku, kapenanso kangapo.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, pomwe mankhwala ochepetsa shuga amasankhidwa, shuga amayenera kuwunika katatu pa tsiku, kenaka katatu pa sabata.

Kutengera izi, mapaketi a ma 50 oyesa matendawo a shuga omwe amadalira insulin amakhala masiku 6-12, komanso insulin-yodziyimira yokha kwa miyezi 4-6.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa izi kuti mumvetsetse kuti ndi gawo liti la mayeso lomwe lili bwino kwa kasitomala wina: zidutswa 25, 50 kapena 100.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji glucometer?

Ndiyenera kuyang'ana chiyani posankha glucometer?

Dziwani zaka za amene adzagwiritse ntchito.

Kwa anthu achikulire, chida chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, chomwe chimachita pafupifupi chilichonse chokha, ndichabwino. Zimangotembenuka zokha pambuyo poyesa chingwe cholowetsedwamo, nkuzimitsa, ndikomwe chimatsimikizira nambala yamiyeso.

Chiwonetsero chachikulu ndichofunikanso kwa makasitomala awa kuti magawo a shuga awoneke popanda nkhawa zambiri.

Ndipo ngati munthuyu saona bwino, sankhani glucometer yomwe imawonetsa zotsatira ndi mawu anu, ngati alipo m'mawu anu.

Mnyamata akagwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho, ndiye kuti angafune girometer, yopangidwa mwaluso, "tchipisi" tosangalatsa, komanso kukula kwake kochepa kuti asakopeke ndi chidwi pantchito.

Ubwino wina kwa iye ndi kuthekanso kubwezeretsa zotsatira mu kompyuta. Chifukwa chake ngati njira yotere iperekedwa, kambiranani.

Ngati mita idagulira mwana, ndikofunikira kuti azigwira ntchito ndi dontho la magazi ochepa: 0.3-0.6 μl. Chilangacho sichikhala chopweteka, ndipo bala limapola mwachangu.

Dziwani kangati patsiku lomwe munthu adzagwiritse ntchito chipangizocho.

Mwachitsanzo, ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, miyezo imapangidwa nthawi zambiri, motero, kwa odwala otere, dontho la magazi ndilofunikanso, kotero kuti malo opumulira amachira msanga.

Kuphatikiza apo, mphuno yapadera yoboola, kuti muthe kutenga magazi osati chala chokha, komanso kuchokera kumalo ena.

Mu glucometer ena, mutha kuyika masheji pamene muyeso umatengedwa: musanadye kapena pambuyo chakudya. Ndipo mu mitundu ingapo pali zikwangwani zomveka zomwe zimachenjeza za kuchepa kapena kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Mwachidule

Chifukwa chake, ngati ndikanagula glucometer, ndikadalabadira izi:

1. Mtundu - electrochemical (ndikulondola kwambiri). Mwachitsanzo, Accu-Chek Asset ndijambulidwe, ndipo Accu-Chek Performa, Performa Nano, ndi Mobile ndi zamagetsi. Glucometer Van-Kukhudza - electrochemical.
2. Popanda zolembalemba pamanja komanso popanda chip. Mwachitsanzo, Van Touch kapena Contour TS.
3. Kuyeza koyezera: masekondi 5-7. Kuthamanga uku tsopano kuli ndi ma glucometer onse odziwika.
4. Dontho laling'ono la magazi: 0.3-0.6 μl (Ndi zida zonse zamagetsi).
5. Pofuna kuti mayesedwe a glucometer azitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yake isanathe, ndipo osakwanitsa miyezi itatu mutatsegulidwa (ngati miyeso imapangidwa mosiyanasiyana). Sindikufuna kutaya ndalama.
6. Kutha kutaya deta pakompyuta kuti mufufuze zoyang'ana pazotsatira ndikuwonetsa dokotala (makamaka zoona kwa achinyamata).
7. "Pinki, wokhala ndi mabatani a ngale." Chabwino, ndikutanthauza, wokongola.

Kodi wogula ayenera kufunsa mafunso ati posankha glucometer?

1. Mutenge nokha?
2. Ngati sichoncho: Cndi zaka zingati zomwe azigwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho?
3. Ngati muli nanu, ndipo musanakhale mnyamata: Kodi chofunikira ndi chiyani kwa inu posankha glucometer?
4. Kodi mumayesa kangati shuga? Ngati nthawi zambiri, ndibwino kusankha glucometer yokhala ndi dontho lochepa la magazi ndi mphuno yowonjezerapo kwaboola kuti atenge magazi m'malo ena.
5. Kodi mukutenga zina zowonjezera (zotsalira ndi zoyesa) tsopano? Kufunso loti "chifukwa chiyani?" Tikuti m'gawo lathunthu muli ma X test pamizere yama X ndi ma lancets a Y.

Axamwali, ndakupatsani chidziwitso choyambira pa glucometer.

Mukumudziwa, mutha tsopano kuphunzira kufotokozera kwa chipangizo chilichonse ndikusankha zomwe zili zofunika kwa kasitomala wina.

Ndikufuna ndikupangireni crog pa glucometer, ndinayamba kutero, koma ndakwanitsa kusowa: mawonekedwe a glucometer omwewo amasiyana pazinthu zosiyanasiyana za pa intaneti. Zikuwoneka kuti, ena akadali ndi zidziwitso zakale, pomwe ena adasintha zina. Koma ndi kuti komwe ndi, sikudziwika.

Ngakhale nditaphunzira mawebusayiti opanga, ndidakali ndi mafunso ambiri.

Ndipo ndikakupangitsani chinyengo, kuthekera kokulakwitsa ndikokwanira.

Chifukwa chake, ndikufunsani, ngati ntchito yakunyumba, kuti muphunzire ma glucometer anu ndi kuyankha mafunso:

1. Ndi ma glucose metres ati omwe safuna kulowamo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chip?
2. Kodi ndi zingwe zoyeserera ziti zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yake isanathe?
3. Ndi ma glucometer ati omwe ali ndi ntchito yochenjeza kwa hypo- ndi hyperglycemia?
4. Kodi ndi glucometer iti yomwe mumapereka okalamba, ndipo chifukwa chiyani?
5. Mitundu iti yomwe ili ndi chitsimikiziro cha moyo wonse?
6. Kodi ndimiyeso iti ndi zotsika mtengo zotsika mtengo kwambiri?
7. Kodi ndi gluceter uti yemwe mumapereka wachinyamata, ndipo chifukwa chiyani?
8. Ndi ma glucometer ati omwe ali ndi mphuno yowonjezera kuti atenge magazi kuchokera kwina?

Mawu ochepa onena zamiyendo. Mwanjira yabwino, lancet iliyonse, ngati chingwe choyesera, imatayidwa. Koma nditapita kukacheza pagulu la anthu odwala matenda ashuga, ndidazindikira kuti anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito lancet imodzi kangapo, ngati palibe amene amagwiritsa ntchito chida ichi.

Ndikunena izi ngati mutafunsidwa za malungo.

Ngati ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kangapo, pamapeto pa kafukufuku aliyense, singano imapukutidwa ndi mowa. Osangofunika kuchita izi musanawunike, apo ayi zotsatira zake zidzapotozedwa.

Ndingakhale wokondwa kwambiri ngati pali wina pakati panu yemwe sangateteze nthawi yake, mwachindunji mu chipatala amaphunzira zambiri zokhudzana ndimagazi a glucose otchuka ndikutumiza kwa ine.

Kenako ndiziika patebulo ndi kutumiza kwa onse owerenga blog.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti muyenera kuyang'ana mawonekedwe a gluueter onse a Accu-Chek, ma glucometer onse a One Touch, Contour TS glucometer, ndipo, mwina, Satellite Express.

• Njira yoyeza.
• Nthawi yoti mulandire zotsatira.
• Kukula kwa dontho la magazi.
• Kulembapo.
• Chikumbukiro.
• Kuwerengeredwa kwa pafupifupi mitengo.
• Nthawi yotsimikizira.
• Mphamvu yamagalimoto ndiyoyatsa.
• Mphamvu yamagetsi ikazimitsidwa.
• Kukula kwawonetsero.
• Zizindikiro za hyper- ndi hypoglycemia.
• "Zidule" zina (cassette test, nozzles zowonjezera, chizindikiritso cha muyeso musanadye komanso mutatha kudya, kulibe mabatani, ndi zina).
• Alumali moyo wa mayeso mikwingwirima.

Anzanu, mukuganiza kwanu, ndi chiyani china chomwe chingakhale chofunikira kwa wogula wa glucometer?

Apa ndipomwe ndimamaliza pulogalamu yamakono yophunzitsira.

Tumizani mafunso anu, mayankho, lembani ndemanga, onjezerani ndipo musaiwale kugawana ulalo wa zolemba ndi anzanu pa anzanu. maukonde. 🙂

Tikuwonaninso patsamba la mankhwala pa blog!

Ndi chikondi kwa inu, Marina Kuznetsova

Owerenga okondedwa!

Ngati mumakonda nkhaniyo, ngati mukufuna kufunsa, kuwonjezera, kugawana zinzeru, mutha kuchita mu fomu yapadera pansipa.

Basi chonde musakhale chete! Ndemanga zanu ndizomwe zimakusunthirani inu.

Ndingakhale wokondwa kwambiri ngati mungagawire kulumikizana ndi nkhaniyi ndi anzanu komanso anzanu pa intaneti.

Ingodinani mabatani ochezera. maukonde omwe muli nawo.

Kudina mabatani kumacheza. Ma Networks amawonjezera cheke, ndalama, malipiro, kutsika shuga, kukakamizidwa, cholesterol, amathandizanso osteochondrosis, phazi lathyathyathya, zotupa!