Kodi chifukwa chiyani kupezeka kwa spart ndi koopsa komanso kovulaza kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera?

Kuposa aspartame. Vutoli linapezeka mu 1965, koma zaka 16 zokha pambuyo pake lidalandira chilolezo chovomerezeka kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito. Kwa zaka zambiri, pakhala ziyeso zambiri zamankhwala zomwe zidachitika.

Olamulira opitilira 100 opezeka pamiyeso ya zakudya zochokera kumaiko osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza Russia, apereka umboni wokhutiritsa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa nyama ndi mutagenic zofunikira zopangira shuga.

Aspartame ndi dzina lovomerezeka lazowonjezera chakudya (GOST R 53904-2010 ) Njira yapadziko lonse lapansi ndi Aspartame.

• E 951 (E - 951), code yaku Europe,
• N-L-α-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ether,
• 3-amino-N- (α-carbomethoxy-phenethyl) exinic acid,
• Wofanana, Canderel, Sucrasite, Sladex, Lastin, Aspamix, NutraSweet, Sanekta, Shugafri, Sweetley ndi mayina amalonda.

Mtundu wa chinthu

Zowonjezera E 951 zimaphatikizidwa m'gulu la okometsa zakudya. Malinga ndi SanPiN 2.3.2.1293-03 imatha kugwira ntchito.

Aspartame ndi methyl ester ya organic pawiri ya ma amino acid: phenylalanine ndi aspartic acid. Ngakhale zinthu zachilengedwe, zotsekemera ndi mankhwala kaphatikizidwe . Izi zimapereka chifukwa chodziwonera kuti ndizophatikiza zowonjezera.

Njira ya enzymatic yopanga chinthu pogwiritsa ntchito majini osinthidwa (mwachitsanzo, mabakiteriya a Bacillus thermoproteolyticus) sagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalonda chifukwa cha zokolola zochepa kwambiri zomwe zimapanga chomaliza.

Zowonjezera E 951 zimayikidwa m'matumba apulasitiki 25. Atasindikiza mwamphamvu, amayikidwa mumapangidwe akunja:

• makatoni okhala ndi polyethylene zingwe zamkati,
• ng’oma zonyamula makatoni
• matumba a polypropylene.

Aspartame ikhoza kuyikidwa mumzombo zofewa za FIBC (thumba lalikulu) lolemera 500, 750 kg.

Zowonjezera E 951 zavomerezedwa kuti zigulitsidwe (SanPiN 2.3.2.1293-03, zowonjezera 2). Kuchuluka kwa ma paketi kumasankhidwa ndi wopanga. Nthawi zambiri, wokoma amakhala ndi mitsuko ya pulasitiki kapena matumba a zojambulazo.

Kugwiritsa

Wogula wamkulu wa aspartame ndi malonda ogulitsa.

Makonda amakoma a E 951 ali pafupi kwambiri kuti azigone, koma 200 nthawi okoma kuposa chakudya zachilengedwe. Thupi silikhala ndi zitsulo pambuyo. Mtengo wa calorific wa aspartame ndiwosagwirizana ndipo ndi 4 kcal / g.

Kuchuluka kwaphokoso kwambiri kamapezeka mu kutafuna chingamu ndi maswiti “otsitsimula” - mpaka 6 g / kg. Zazinthu zina, katundu wovomerezeka pazinthu zimachokera ku 110 mg mpaka 2 g / kg.

Aspartame ikhoza kupezeka muzinthu zotsatirazi:

• zakumwa zoledzeretsa zopanda mowa,
• Confectionery
• ayisikilimu (kupatula kirimu ndi mkaka), zakudya zouma,
• Sungani, timbale, zipatso zamzitini,
• mpiru, ketchup ndi msuzi wina,
• mbewu zam'mawa, msuzi wapo,
• ma yogurts, zakumwa za mkaka,
• tiyi wokometsedwa, khofi wapapo,
• zakumwa zoledzeretsa mpaka 15% mphamvu, mowa, cocktails.

Mndandanda suli wathunthu. Sweetener E 951 ili ndi zinthu pafupifupi 6,000 zopanda shuga kapena zopatsa mphamvu zama calorie.

Aspartame amatha kutsindika ndikuwonjezera kununkhira kwa zipatso. Izi zimathandizira kuti ziwonjezeke zamadzimadzi a lalanje ndi zakumwa zakumwa, confectionery yokhala ndi mandimu ndi zinthu zofananira.

Supplement E 951 imaphatikizidwa ndi kugwedezeka kwamapuloteni pazakudya zamasewera. Thupi silikhudzanso thupi la osewera. Gwiritsani ntchito pokhapokha kuti musinthe kukoma.

Zoyipa zazikulu zimaphatikizira chizolowezi cha aspartame kuwola nthawi yamatenthedwe.Zotsatira zake, kutsekemera kumatsala pang'ono kutayika, kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala kumawonekera.

Pachifukwa ichi, kuphika muffins, confectionery ya ufa, zowonjezera E 951 zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito osakanikirana ndi zotsekemera zina (mwachitsanzo, zokhazikika kwambiri).

Aspartame wavomerezedwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale azitsamba kuti azisangalatsa komanso kusintha kukoma kwa mankhwala: manyumwa, zakudya zowonjezera, mapiritsi otheka komanso mapiritsi ake.

Mapindu a E 951 ndiwodziwikiratu:

• zopatsa mphamvu zochepa zama calorie, zimapangitsa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri amwe mankhwala osokoneza bongo,
• kusowa kwa chiwopsezo cha magazi (ofunika kwa odwala matenda a shuga),
• Kutetezeka kwa enamel ya mano, sichakudya cha mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa kuwola kwa mano.

Aspartame ndi gawo limodzi la gulu la pharmacological of metabolic agents. Makamaka pazoyesedwa ndi dokotala, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pophika zakudya. Nthawi zambiri chinthu chimatumizidwa kuti chizilamulira thupi.

Zowonjezera E 951 zimatha kupezeka muzodzikongoletsera posamalira khungu lamanja ndi nkhope. Thupi lilibe phindu lobadwa nalo. Gwiritsani ntchito aspartame kuti muchepetse kununkhira kwa zinthu.

Pindulani ndi kuvulaza

Supplement E 951 si gwero la zinthu zopindulitsa thupi.

Aspartame imawonedwa ngati yopanda nawo mbali. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mulingo wovomerezeka, ndiotetezeka thanzi. Chopereka cha tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 40 mg / kg (FAO / WHO) kapena 50 mg / kg (FDA).

Aspartame imatengeka mosavuta ndi thupi. Vutoli limatengedwa mwachangu kuchokera m'matumbo aang'ono kulowa m'magazi, pambuyo pake limagawika zigawo zikuluzikulu: amino acid ndi methanol.

Zotsirizazi zimayenderana ndi nthano wamba yokhudza kuphatikiza kowopsa kwa E 951. Methanol ndi imodzi mwazovuta kwambiri, koma kuchuluka kwake mu aspartame ndizochepa kwambiri. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otsekemera okhathamiritsa okwanira (komanso ngakhale ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo), kuchuluka kwa mowa wowopsa kumakhala kocheperako kokwana 25 kuposa mlingo woopsa.

Zowonjezerazo zimachotsedwanso ndi impso mkati mwa maola 24.

Aspartame ndi chiopsezo chokhacho kwa anthu omwe akudwala phenylketonuria. Matenda achilengedwe osowa amasokoneza kagayidwe ka phenylalanine, acid yofunika ya amino yomwe ndi gawo la zotulutsa za E 951. Posachedwa, mapaketi azinthu omwe ali ndi aspartame adalembedwa kuti "Kuletsedwa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi phenylketonuria."

Sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owonjezera a amayi apakati: zomwe zimachitika pa mwana wosabadwayo sizimamveka bwino.

Ndi tsankho la munthu payekha, ma avatar angayambitse ziwengo.

Momwe mungalandire nitrogen axide ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti? Werengani za izi.

Opanga abwino

Kampani ya Aspasvit (Dera la Moscow) ndiwopanga waku Russia wopanga zotsekemera zotsekemera zaku Russia. Bizinesiyo ilibe maziko ake a zopangira, zowonjezera E 951 zimachokera kunja.

Wopanga wamkulu kwambiri wa aspartame ndi Holland Sweetener Company (Netherlands). Kampaniyi ndi gawo la nkhawa za mankhwala a DSM, omwe adakondwerera zaka 100 zapitazo. Kampaniyi ili ndi malo opangira zida ku USA, Great Britain, Japan ndi maiko ena.

Zowonjezera E 951 zimaperekedwa ndi:

• Kampani ya Merisant (USA),

• OXEA GmbH (Germany),
• Zibo Qingxin Chemicals Co, Ltd. (China).

Ogwiritsa ntchito ena omwe amakhala ndi shuga wotsikirapo-khalori amadabwa kudziwa zotsatira zotsatila pozilandira - phindu mwachangu kwambiri. Asayansi amati izi zimachitika chifukwa cha chilengedwe. Ubongo umayankha ku kukoma kokoma mwa kumasula mahomoni achisangalalo dopamine. Pamodzi ndi shuga, zopatsa mphamvu zokwanira zimalowa m'thupi kuti zimatulutsenso mahomoni ena - leptin, omwe amatumiza chizindikiro kuti munthu ali ndi zonse.

Aspartame "amanyenga" ubongo: kukoma kokoma sikumayendera ndi kukhuta. Thupi limayamba kufuna zakudya zowonjezera. Kufunika kwa chakudya kumachulukira, ndipo ndimabowanso mapaundi owonjezera.

Fomula C14H18N2O5, dzina la mankhwala: N-L-alpha-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester.
Gulu lamagulu: metabolites / wothandizila kwa zakudya za makolo ndi zamagulu owonjezera / shuga.
Machitidwe kutsekemera.

Mankhwala

Aspartame ndi methylated dipeptide yomwe imakhala ndi phenylalanine ndi zotsalira zaaspartic acid (ma acid omwewo ndi gawo la chakudya chokhazikika). Zimapezeka pafupifupi mapuloteni onse a zakudya wamba. Mlingo wa kutsekemera kwa aspartame ndi wokulirapo pafupifupi 200 kupatula womwe sucrose. 1 g ya aspartame ili ndi 4 kcal, koma chifukwa cha kutsekemera kwambiri, zomwe zili mkati mwa kalori ndizofanana ndi 0,5% yazakudya za calorie za shuga zomwe zili ndi digiri yomweyo.
Pambuyo potenga aspartame, imalowa mwachangu m'magazi kuchokera m'matumbo ang'ono. Zimapangidwa m'chiwindi ndikuphatikizidwa munjira zosinthira, ndiye zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati amino acid. Aspartame imapukusidwa makamaka ndi impso.

Aspartame imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kukoma kwa matenda ashuga, kuwongolera ndi kuchepetsa kunenepa kwa thupi.

Mlingo wa aspartame ndi mlingo

Aspartame imatengedwa pakumwa pambuyo chakudya, 18- mg mg wa 1 chikho cha chakumwa. Mlingo wapamwamba tsiku lililonse ndi 40 mg / kg.
Ngati mukuphonya mlingo wotsatira wa aspartame, muyenera kuutenga monga momwe mukukumbukira, ngati mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku ulibe kupitirira, ndiye kuti mlingo wotsatira uyenera kuchitidwa mwachizolowezi.
Ndi chithandizo cha kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali, kukoma kokoma kwa aspartame kumatha.

Contraindication ndi zoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito

Homozygous phenylketonuria, hypersensitivity, ubwana, pakati.
Osagwiritsa ntchito aspartame popanda kufunika kwa anthu athanzi. . Aspartame mu thupi la munthu imagawika ma amino acid awiri (aspartic ndi phenylalanine), komanso methanol. Ma Amino acid ndi gawo limodzi la mapuloteni ndipo amatenga mbali zingapo za zochita za thupi. Methanol ndi poizoni wogwiritsa ntchito machitidwe amanjenje komanso am'mimba, pokonzekera kagayidwe kamasinthidwe kukhala carcinogen formaldehyde, yomwe imavulaza thupi. Ponena za aspartic acid ndi phenylalanine, malingaliro a asayansi amasakanikirana.
European Food Security Agency ndi American FDA tsopano ayambanso kuwunika zotsatira za ntchito zaposachedwa pa zoopsa zomwe zingachitike kwa anthu ena. Koma mpaka pomwe lingaliro lotsutsa lingathebe pa nkhaniyi, ndikofunikira kupewa kukokomeza zakumwa zotsekemera kwambiri. Kukhalapo kwa aspartame mu zomalizidwa komanso zakumwa za shuga ziyenera kuwonetsedwa pamapepala.

Kodi aspartame ndi chiyani?

Zowonjezera E951 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala m'makampani azakudya ngati cholowa m'malo mwa shuga. Ndi kristalo loyera, wopanda fungo lomwe limasungunuka mwachangu m'madzi.

Chakudya chowonjezera chimakhala chokoma kuposa shuga wamba chifukwa cha zipatso zake:

• Phenylalanine
• Aspartic amino acid.

Panthawi yakuwotcha, wokoma amataya kukoma kwake, chifukwa chake zopangidwa ndi kupezeka kwake sizimathandizidwa ndi kutentha.

Fomula yamafuta ndi C14H18N2O5.

100 g iliyonse ya zotsekemera zimakhala ndi 400 kcal, chifukwa chake imawerengedwa ngati chinthu champhamvu kwambiri. Ngakhale izi zili choncho, zochepa zowonjezera izi zimafunikira kuti zipatse kukomerako, chifukwa chake sizimaganiziridwa mukamawerenga kuchuluka kwa mphamvu.

Aspartame ilibe ma nuances owonjezera a kukoma ndi zosayera mosiyana ndi zotsekemera zina, chifukwa chake chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chodziyimira pawokha. Zowonjezera zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zotetezedwa ndi oyang'anira.

Pharmacodynamics ndi pharmacokinetics

E951 yowonjezera imapangidwa chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana kwa ma amino acid, kotero imakoma 200 nthawi yabwino kuposa shuga wokhazikika.

Kuphatikiza apo, mutagwiritsa ntchito zilizonse zomwe zili ndi zokongoletsera, kansalu kameneka kamakhala kotalikirapo kuposa kachitidwe kazomwe kamayeretsa.

Zokhudza thupi:

• imagwira ngati ma neurotransmitter osangalatsa, chifukwa chake, gawo lalikulu la E951 likadyedwa muubongo, kusamala kwa oyimira pakati kumasokonezeka,
• zimathandizira kuchepa kwa shuga chifukwa cha kuchepa mphamvu kwa thupi,
• kuchuluka kwa glutamate, acetylcholine amachepetsa, zomwe zimawononga ntchito ya ubongo.
• thupi limadziwitsidwa ndi kupsinjika kwa oxidative, chifukwa chomwe kufalikira kwamitsempha yamagazi ndi kukhulupirika kwa maselo amitsempha kumaphwanyidwa,
• zimathandizira kukulitsa kukhumudwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kutsata kwa phenylalanine komanso kusokonekera kaphatikizidwe ka neurotransmitter serotonin.

Ma hydrolyzes omwe amawonjezera mwachangu mokwanira m'mimba yaying'ono.

Sipezeka m'magazi ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito milingo yayikulu. Aspartame imagwera m'thupi m'zigawo zotsatirazi:

• zatsalira, kuphatikiza phenylalanine, asidi (Aspartic) ndi methanol muyezo woyenera wa 5: 4: 1,
• Asidi acid ndi formaldehyde, kupezeka kwake komwe nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kuvulala chifukwa cha poizoni wa methanol.

Aspartame imawonjezeredwa mwachangu pazinthu zotsatirazi:

Chizindikiro cha wokoma wokoma ndikuti kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zili ndi masamba ake kumatha zotsatira zosasangalatsa. Zakumwa zakumwa ndi Aspartus sizimachepetsa ludzu, koma kuwonjezera.

Kodi imagwiritsidwa ntchito liti ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Aspartame imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu ngati sweetener kapena itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zambiri kuti awapatse kukoma.

Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi:

• matenda ashuga
• kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri.

Chakudya chowonjezera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri monga mapiritsi a anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amafunikira shuga pang'ono kapena kuthetseratu kwathunthu.

Popeza lokoma siligwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito amachepetsedwa kuti azilamulira kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zowonjezera. Kuchuluka kwa aspartame omwe amamwetsa patsiku sikuyenera kupitilira 40 mg pa kilogalamu ya thupi, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa komwe zowonjezera izi zimaperekedwa kuti zisapitirire mlingo wabwino.

Mu kapu ya chakumwa, 18-36 mg wa zotsekemera ayenera kuchepetsedwa. Zogulitsa zomwe zili ndi E951 sizingatenthe kuti mupewe kutsekemera.

Zovuta ndi Ubwino wa Lokoma

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito Aspartame ndizokayikitsa kwambiri:

1. Zakudya zomwe zili ndi zowonjezera zimakimbidwa mwachangu ndikulowa m'matumbo. Zotsatira zake, munthu amakhala ndi nkhawa yosatha yanjala. Chimbudzi cholimbitsa mofulumira chimathandizira kukulitsa njira zowola m'matumbo ndikupanga mabakiteriya okhala ndi tizilombo.
2. Chizolowezi chomangokhalira kumwa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi mukatha kudya zimatha kubweretsa kukulira kwa cholecystitis ndi kapamba, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale shuga.
3. Kulakalaka kudya kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulini poyankha kukomedwa kwa zakudya. Ngakhale kusowa kwa shuga mu mawonekedwe ake oyera, kupezeka kwa Aspartame kumapangitsa kukonzanso kwa glucose m'thupi. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa glycemia kumachepa, kumverera kwanjala kumakwera, ndipo munthuyo ayambanso kugona.

Kodi chifukwa chiyani zotsekemera zili zovulaza?

1. Kuvulaza kwa E951 yowonjezera kukugona pazinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi iyo panthawi ya kuwola. Pambuyo polowa m'thupi, Aspartame imangosintha kukhala amino acid, komanso Methanol, yomwe ndi chinthu choopsa.
2. Kuledzera kwambiri kwa zinthu zotere kumayambitsa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zosasangalatsa mwa munthu, kuphatikizapo chifuwa, kupweteka mutu, kusowa tulo, kuiwalaiwala, kupindika, kukhumudwa, migraine.
3. Chiwopsezo chotenga khansa ndi matenda osachiritsika chikuwonjezereka (malinga ndi ofufuza ena asayansi).
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali zakudya zamafuta awa kumatha kuyambitsa ziwonetsero zambiri.

Ndemanga pa kanema wogwiritsa ntchito Aspartame - kodi ndizovulaza?

Contraindication ndi bongo

Sweetener ali ndi zotsutsana zingapo:

• mimba
• homozygous phenylketonuria,
• zaka za ana
• nthawi yoyamwitsa.

Ngati bongo wa wokoma mtima, osiyanasiyana thupi lawo siligwirizana, migraines ndi kuchuluka kudya kungachitike. Nthawi zina, pamakhala chiwopsezo chokhala ndi systemic lupus erythematosus.

Malangizo apadera ndi mtengo wa zotsekemera

Aspartame, ngakhale atakhala ndi zoopsa komanso zotsutsana, amaloledwa m'maiko ena, ngakhale ana ndi amayi oyembekezera. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti kupezeka kwa zowonjezera zilizonse zakudya mu nthawi yakubala ndikudyetsa mwana ndizowopsa pakukula kwake, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti musangoleketsa malire momwe mungathere, koma kuti muthane nazo.

Mapiritsi a sweetener ayenera kusungidwa kokha m'malo abwino ndi owuma.

Kuphika pogwiritsa ntchito Aspartame kumawonedwa ngati kosathandiza, chifukwa kutentha kwamtundu uliwonse kumalepheretsa kuwonjezeranso kukoma kosangalatsa pambuyo pake. Sweetener nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi zopangira mafuta komanso zofikira.

Aspartame amagulitsidwa pamwamba pa-wotsutsa. Itha kugulidwa ku pharmacy iliyonse kapena kuyitanitsa kudzera pa intaneti.

Mtengo wa zotsekemera ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 100 pama mapiritsi a 150.

Aspartame ndi yoletsedwa ku United States ndi mayiko ena ambiri, koma ikugwiritsidwanso ntchito ku Russia ndi mayiko ambiri.
Pakadali pano, zakhala zofunikira kutsatira zakudya zathanzi.

Mutha kupeza zolemba zambiri zopangidwa ndi madokotala ndi akatswiri azakudya zomwe zimakuthandizani kuwunika ma calories ndikuwerengera mafuta ofunikira amthupi, mapuloteni komanso zakudya zamagulu.

Ndizodabwitsa kuti kudya moyenera tsopano kwakhala ponseponse, chifukwa anthu adayamba kudzisamalira. Nutritionists amalangiza kuti asamagwiritse ntchito zinthu zokhala ndi shuga komanso msuzi .

Cholinga cha malangizowo ndikuti shuga amapatsa thupi chakudya chochuluka kwambiri chopanda mphamvu, ndiye kuti, alibe michere ndipo alibe phindu.

Zikuwoneka kuti kupeza malo abwino a shuga siovuta, chifukwa alipo ambiri lero. Kumbali inayo, kodi onse ali otetezeka? Tiloleni tikambirane za chimodzi mwa izi, chomwe ndi dzina lachifanizo.

Aspartame ndi wokoma wopangidwa mu labotor, ndiye kuti, wochita kupanga, yemwe amadziwikanso monga chakudya chowonjezera E951. Zinapezeka mwangozi, mu 1965, ndi James Schlatter, yemwe anali kupanga yankho la zilonda zam'mimba.

Schlatter adapanga izi, kuyesera kuti apeze gastrin, mahomoni a kapamba. Kuyambira 1981, aspartame idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo idayamba kutchuka.

Tsopano chowonjezera ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zotsekemera zotchuka kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi shuga, ndimotsekemera kwambiri komanso pafupifupi wopanda ma calories: 1 makilogalamu a aspartame ndi 200 kg shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi zotsika mtengo kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa chake zimakhala zopindulitsa kwa opanga. .

Ngakhaleaspartame ndi cholowa m'malo mwa shuga, kukoma kwake ndikosiyana pang'ono. Kumverera kokoma pakamwa pakatha izi kukangowonjezerapo, koma ngati simuphatikiza zonunkhira zina, zimakoma.

Izi sizosadabwitsa, popeza shuga ndi aspartame ndizosiyana pakapangidwe. Wotsekemera uyu sayenera kutentheredwa kuyambira pamenepomamolekyu ake amawonongeka madigiri 30 Celsius , ndipo simungamve kukoma kokwanira.

Kodi aspartame amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti? Choyamba, muzinthu zomwe zimatengedwa kuti ndi zama calorie komanso zakudya.

Amawonjezera zakumwa zopanda mowa, ma yogurts, maswiti, kutafuna mano, lozenges, chifuwa cha m'mawa, chakudya chamwana, makeke komanso mano. Mwambiri, aspartame ali pafupifupi mitundu isanu ya zakudya.

Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane kapangidwe ka zowonjezera E951, ndikubwera pafupi ndi funso losangalatsa kwambiri - kodi nkwabwino kwa ife?
Kamodzi m'thupi la munthu, aspartame imagawika ma amino acid awiri: aspartic (aspartate) ndi phenylalanine.

Othandizira chitetezo ku Aspartame amayang'ana kwambiri pazovuta za zinthu izi. Aspartic acid ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino, chifukwa ndi amodzi mwa mapuloteni.

Phenylalanine ndi amino acid yofunika, iyenera kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi.

Komabe, ngati phenylalanine imayamba kukhala yachilendo, imayamba kusokoneza dongosolo lamanjenje.

Zatsimikiziridwa kuti zimatha kutsitsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala mu ubongo. Komanso kuchulukitsa kwa phenylalanine kumatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa serotonin, neurotransmitter yofunika yomwe imapanganso chisangalalo, chikhumbo, komanso kugona.

Kutengera ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, ndizotheka kuti phenylalanine imatha kuyambitsa Alzheimer's .

Koma chifukwa chachikulu pazokambirana kuzungulira aspartame ndi methanol, chinthu china chomwe ndi gawo la lokoma. Methanol palokha ndi poizoni wowopsa. Ndi gawo la mayankho aumisili ndi zotchingira zosiyanasiyana.

Nthawi ya makutidwe ndi okosijeni a methanol, zinthu zapoizoni zimapangidwa m'thupi la munthu zomwe zitha kuyambitsa khansa.

Methanol ilipo m'thupi la munthu aliyense, koma kuchuluka kwake ndikosakwanira kotero kuti mankhwalawo sangawonongeke mwanjira yake. Komabe, ndizosatheka kuneneratu zomwe zidzachitike m'thupi lanu.

Othandizira othandizira awa amati 10% yokha ya aspartame, ikapukusidwa, imasinthidwa kukhala methanol. Koma sakhala chete pankhani yoti pa kutentha pamwamba pa madigiri 30, aspartame imasinthidwa kukhala methanol .

Popeza kutentha kwa thupi, titha kunena kuti m'malo mokoma mtima, tidagwiritsa ntchito poyizoni .

Nkhani za poyizoni ndi zotsekemerazi zanenedwapo. Machitidwe a thupi amatha kuwonetsa pamutu komanso kufooka musanadye matenda ammimba, ndipo sizokhazo.

Panali kuyesanso kochitidwa ndi asayansi ochokera ku South Africa: mbewa zidadyedwa ndi asipere ndipo posakhalitsa nyamazo zinayamba chizolowezi chodwala khansa . Izi zinadzetsa vuto lalikulu.

Nkhaniyi idayankhulidwa ndi European Food Security Authority (EFSA). Ngakhale mu 2013 EFSA idalengeza za chitetezo cha aspartame, ngati simuposa Mlingo wokhazikitsidwa, kusinjirira koyipa kochokera pamilandu kudatsalabe.

Pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri, Pepsi adalengeza kuphatikiza kwa aspartame kuchokera ku fodya wa koloko.

Zakudya zowonjezera ezakudya E951 ndizovomerezeka kwa iwo omwe ali ndi phenylketonuria. Awa ndi matenda obadwa nawo, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kuphwanya kagayidwe ka phenylalanine (amino acid momwe katsitsumzidwe kamene kamawonongeka).

Pankhaniyi aspartame imatha kuyambitsa ubongo . Ku Europe, zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi aspartame zimalembedwa nthawi zonse, kuchenjeza kuti phenylalanine ndi gawo limodzi mwazinthu izi.

Kuphatikiza apo, izi zotsekemera ndizosayenera kwa amayi apakati. Amadziwika kuti aspartame ikhoza kuvulaza mluza womwe ukungopangika.

Kuphatikiza apo, popanga nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosinthidwa chibadwa, ndipo sizowonjezera pamalowo konse.

Mutha kuwona kuti zotsekemera ndizovulaza kuposa shuga. Inde, mutha kupita njira yosavuta ndikusintha shuga onse muzakudya zanu ndi osapatsa thanzi. Koma ngati mumasamala zaumoyo wanu, izi sizoyenera.

Kodi shuga wa aspartame ndi wowopsa - mapindu a oncology ndi zoopsa zake

Aspartame ndi imodzi mwa zotsekemera zotchuka kwambiri, makamaka pakati pa omwe amadya kapena kukakamizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito shuga nthawi zonse.

Aspartame ndi wosangalatsa wokomaopezeka ndi mankhwala Aspartic acid ndi phenylalaninewothandizidwa methanol. Chochita chomaliza chimawoneka ngati ufa woyera.

Monga zokoma zonse zopanga, zimasankhidwa ndi chidule chapadera: E951.

Aspartame amakoma ngati shuga wokhazikika, mulingo womwewo uli ndi zopatsa mphamvu - 4 kcal / g. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pamenepa? Chibwenzi "mphamvu" zotsekemera: aspartame nthawi mazana awiri chokoma kuposa shugachifukwa chake kuli kokwanira kokwanira kuti mumve kukoma kotsimikizika!

Kanema (dinani kusewera).

Mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa aspartame ndi 40 mg / kg thupi. Ndipamwamba kwambiri kuposa zomwe timadya masana. Komabe, kupitirira muyeso uno kumapangitsa kuti pakhale poizoni wa metabolites, omwe tikambirana pambuyo pake m'nkhaniyo.

Aspartame anapezeka ndi katswiri wazopanga mankhwala dzina lake James M. Schlatter, yemwe anali kuyesera kupanga mankhwala othana ndi mankhwala. Atakankha zala zake kuti atembenuzire tsambalo, adazindikira kukoma kokoma modabwitsa!

M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, timakumana ndi ma spartame nthawi zambiri kuposa momwe ambiri amakhulupirira, makamaka:

• pureartart yoyenera imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mipiringidzo kapena motani zotsekemera za ufa (ikhoza kupezeka mumafamu aliwonse komanso m'masitolo akuluakulu),
• m'makampani ogulitsa zakudya amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ngati lokoma ndi chowonjezera. Aspartame ikhoza kupezeka makeke, sodas, ayisikilimu, mkaka, yoghurts. ndipo nthawi zambiri zimawonjezeredwa zakudya, monga "kuwala". Kuphatikiza apo, aspartame imawonjezeredwa kutafuna chingamumonga amathandizira kuwonjezera fungo.
• pamapangidwe azinthu zopangira mankhwala, aspartame imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosula mankhwala ena, makamaka madzi ndi maantibayotiki ana.

Chifukwa chake anthu ochulukirachulukira amakonda aspartame m'malo mwa shuga wokhazikika?

Tiyeni tiwone ena mwa maubwino omwe timagwiritsa ntchito aspartame:

• Zilinso chimodzimodzimonga shuga wokhazikika.
• Ili ndi mphamvu yotsekemera kwambiri., motero, kumatha kuchepetsa kudya kwa calorie! Aspartame imapindulitsa kwambiri kwa omwe amadya, komanso kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri.
• Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala matenda ashuga, popeza sasintha kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi.
• Sichimayambitsa mano, popeza sioyenera kuchulukitsa kwa mabakiteriya amkamwa.
• Kutha kwa kukulitsa zipatsoMwachitsanzo, potafuna chingamu, imakulitsa fungo lake kanayi.

Kwa nthawi yayitali, nkhawa zakhala zikuwoneka zokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha aspartame ndipo kuvulaza anthu. Makamaka, zake zimakhudzana ndi kuthekera kwa chotupa.

Pansipa tikambirana njira zofunikira kwambiri zomwe zatsatidwa pakufufuza momwe zingathekere Asipere poizoni:

• Adavomerezedwa ndi FDA mu 1981 ngati wokometsa mawu.
• Mu kafukufuku wa 2005 wa California Environmental Protection Agency, zidawonetsedwa kuti kuyang'anira utoto wocheperako pakudya kwa mbewa zazing'ono kumakulitsa mwayi kupezeka kwa lymphoma ndi leukemia.
• Pambuyo pake, European Foundation for Oncology ku Bologna idatsimikizira izi, makamaka, ndikunena kuti formaldehyde yopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito aspartame imapangitsa kuwonjezeka chotupa cha mu ubongo.
• Mu 2013, EFSA inanena kuti palibe kafukufuku yemwe adapeza ubale wapakati pakati pa kumwa kwa aspartame ndi matenda a chotupa.

EFSA: "Aspartame ndi zinthu zake zowonongeka ndizotetezedwa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala"

Lero titha kunena motsimikiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito aspartame osavulaza thanziosachepera mu Mlingo womwe timakumana nawo tsiku lililonse.

Akukayikira za kuwopsa kwa aspartame amachokera ku kapangidwe kake kazinthu, kutsika kwake komwe kungapangitse kuti pakhale poizoni wazinthu zathupi.

Makamaka, ikhoza kupangidwa:

• Methanol: zotsatira zake zoyipa makamaka zimasokoneza masomphenya - molekyuyi imatha kuyambitsa khungu. Sichichita mwachindunji - mthupi limagawanika mu formdehyde ndi formic acid.

M'malo mwake, timakumana pafupipafupi ndi methanol yaying'ono, imatha kupezeka mumasamba ndi zipatso, m'malo ochulukirapo imapangidwa ngakhale ndi thupi lathu. Amakhala poizoni muyezo waukulu.

• Phenylalanine: Awa ndi amino acid yemwe amapezeka muzakudya zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala ndi poizoni wambiri kapena kwa odwala omwe ali ndi phenylketonuria.
• Aspartic acid: amino acid yomwe imatha kupanga poizoni mu milingo yayikulu, chifukwa imasinthidwa kukhala glutamate, yomwe imakhala ndi neurotoxic.

Mwachidziwikire onse awa zoyipa zimachitika pokhapokha mkulu mlingo wa aspartameyokulirapo kuposa yomwe timakumana nayo tsiku ndi tsiku.

Mlingo wa aspartame samayambitsa poizoni, koma sizichitika kawirikawiri:

Zotsatira zoyipa za aspartame zikuwoneka kuti zikugwirizana ndi kusalolera kwa chinthu ichi.

• Mwina kukomoka, zomwe, monga taonera, sizinalandirebe umboni wokwanira m'maphunziro. Zotsatira zomwe zidapezeka mu mbewa sizikugwira ntchito kwa anthu.
• Poizoni wokhudzana ndi metabolites akemakamaka, methanol, yomwe ingayambitse nseru, kusungunuka ndi kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha, ndipo, m'malo ovuta kwambiri, khungu. Koma, monga momwe tawonera, izi zitha kuchitika kokha ngati mugwiritsa ntchito aspartame muyezo waukulu!
• Thermolabile: aspartame salekerera kutentha. Zakudya zambiri, zolembedwa zomwe mungapeze zolembedwa "Musazitenthe!", Mothandizidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri amapanga poizoni - diketopiperazine. Komabe, poyizoni wa phula ili ndi 7.5 mg / kg, ndipo tsiku ndi tsiku timakumana ndi zochepa (0.1-1.9 mg / kg).
• Gwero la Phenylalanine: chisonyezo choterocho chiyenera kukhala pazolembedwa zamalonda azakudya zomwe zimakhala ndiaspartket kwa anthu omwe ali ndi phenylketonuria!

Monga tawonera ,aspartame ndi malo abwino kwambiri omwera kalori m'malo mwa shuga oyera, koma pali njira zina:

• Aspartame kapena saccharin? Saccharin ili ndi mphamvu yokoma yowonjezeredwa maulendo atatu kuphatikiza ndi shuga wokhazikika, koma ili ndi zowawa zowawa. Koma, mosiyana ndi aspartame, imagwirizana ndi kutentha ndi chilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi aspartame kuti mumve kukoma kwabwino kwambiri.
• Aspartame kapena Sucralose? Sucralose imapezeka ndikuwonjezera ma atomu atatu a chlorine ku glucose, imakhala ndi kukoma komweko komanso kuthekera kosangalatsa kwambiri nthawi mazana asanu ndi limodzi. Otetezeka pa mimba ndi mkaka wa m`mawere.
• Aspartame kapena fructose? Fructose ndi shuga wa zipatso, ali ndi mphamvu yotsekemera nthawi 1.5 kuposa shuga wokhazikika.

Popeza palibe umboni wa kawopsedwe wa aspartame masiku ano (pamiyeso yomwe ikulimbikitsidwa), zakumwa ndi zopepuka sizingayambitse mavuto! Ubwino wopindulitsa wa aspartame umapatsa anthu omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri kapena matenda a shuga, popanda kusiya kukoma.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Aspartame adapezeka mwangozi mu 1965 ndi wasayansi wina wa zamankhwala James Schlatter, yemwe adaphunzira kupanga gastrin yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuchiritsa zilonda zam'mimbazi. Malo okoma anapezedwa ndi kulumikizana ndi chinthu chomwe chinagwera pa chala cha wasayansi.

E951 idayamba kugwira ntchito kuyambira 1981 ku America ndi UK. Koma atatulukira mu 1985 chifukwa chakuti amawola kukhala zigawo zina za nyama atapsa, mikangano yokhudza chitetezo kapena kuvulaza kwa aspartame idayamba.

Popeza aspartame popanga imakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kukoma kwambiri pamankhwala ochepera kuposa shuga, umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mayina opitilira 6,000,000 azakudya ndi zakumwa.

E951 imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati njira ina shuga kwa odwala matenda ashuga komanso anthu onenepa kwambiri. Malo ogwiritsira ntchito: Kupanga zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, zopangidwa mkaka, makeke, chokoleti, zotsekemera mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi kuwonjezera zakudya ndi zinthu zina.

Magulu akulu azinthu zomwe zili ndi izi:

• Chungamu "chopanda shuga",
• zakumwa zokometsera,
• zakumwa zamtundu wa kalori wotsika,
• Zakudya zokhala ndi mchere zokhala ndi madzi,
• zakumwa zoledzeretsa mpaka 15%
• makeke okoma ndi maswiti otsika kalori,
• kupanikizana, kupanikizana kwama calorie ochepa, etc.

Tcherani khutu! Aspartame imagwiritsidwa ntchito osati mu zakumwa ndi confectionery, komanso zamasamba, nsomba, zotsekemera zotsekemera, msuzi, mpiru, zakudya zophika mkate ndi zina zambiri.

Zowopsa kapena zabwino

Maphunziro angapo atayambika mu 1985 omwe adawonetsa kuti E951 igwera mu amino acid ndi methanol, pamabuka mikangano yambiri.

Malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01, katsitsidwe kamapulogalamu amavomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chotsekemera komanso chopatsa kukoma ndi fungo.

Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito palimodzi ndi zotsekemera zina - Acesulfame, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wokukonzekera kukoma ndikuwonjezera. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa aspartame imangokhala nthawi yayitali, koma osamvetseka nthawi yomweyo. Ndipo pakachulukitsa Mlingo, umawonetsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chowonjezera.

Zofunika! Chonde dziwani kuti E951 siili oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya zophika kapena zakumwa zotentha. Pamatenthedwe pamwamba pa 30 ° C, ndiye kuti zotsekemera zimasanduka poizoni wa methanol, formaldehyde ndi phenylalanine.

Pambuyo pakukonzekera pakamwa, zotsekemera zimasinthidwa kukhala phenylalanine, aspargin ndi methanol, zomwe zimalowa mwachangu m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Akalowa kayendedwe kazinthu, amatenga nawo mbali mu kagayidwe kazinthu.

Kwambiri, Hype yozungulira aspartame ndi kuvulaza kwake kwaumoyo wamunthu imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa methanol (otetezedwa mukamawona mlingo woyenera). Ndizodabwitsa kuti kachidutswa kakang'ono ka methanol kamapangidwa m'thupi la munthu pakudya zakudya zomwe zimakonda kwambiri.

Choyipa chachikulu cha E951 ndikuti sichiloledwa kutentha pamwamba pa 30 ° C, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka m'magawo a carcinogenic. Pachifukwa ichi, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwonjezere tiyi, makeke ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimaphatikizira chithandizo cha kutentha.

Malinga ndi a Mikhail Gapparov, pulofesa wa Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Science, dokotala wazamankhwala pazamankhwala, muyenera kuganizira bwino kusankha komwe kumakomera munthu wina wokoma komanso kumumvera malinga ndi malangizo. Pankhaniyi, palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa.

Nthawi zambiri, chiwopsezo chimayimiriridwa ndi zinthu zomwe opanga amawonetsa zolondola zokhudza kapangidwe kazinthu zawo, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zake.

Malinga ndi sing'anga wamkulu wa Clhenov MMA Endocrinology Clinic, Vyacheslav Pronin, m'malo mwa shuga amapangidwira anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda a shuga. Zakudya zawo sizikulimbikitsidwa kwa anthu athanzi, chifukwa samadzitengera phindu lililonse, kupatula kukoma kwakumaso. Kuphatikiza apo, okometsera opanga ali ndi choleretic zotsatira ndi zovuta zina.

Malinga ndi asayansi aku South Africa, omwe maphunziro awo adafalitsidwa mu 2008 mu Journal of Dietary Nutrition, zinthu zomwe zimasokonekera m'mimba zimatha kusokoneza ubongo, kusintha momwe amapangidwira serotonin, yomwe imakhudza kugona, kusinthasintha kwa zochitika ndi zochitika. Makamaka, phenylalanine (imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimawola) imatha kusokoneza ntchito ya mitsempha, kusintha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi, kusokoneza kwambiri kagayidwe ka amino acid, ndipo kungathandizire kukulitsa matenda a Alzheimer's.

Pa mimba ndi mkaka wa m`mawere

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa American Food Quality Authority (FDA), kugwiritsa ntchito ma aspartame panthawi yoyembekezera komanso kuyamwitsa pa mapiritsi osavomerezeka sikuvulaza.

Koma kutenga zotsekemera panthawiyi sizikulimbikitsidwa chifukwa chosowa zakudya komanso kupatsa mphamvu. Ndipo azimayi oyembekezera komanso oyamwitsa akufunika kwambiri michere ndi michere.

Kodi aspartame ndi yothandiza kwa odwala matenda ashuga?

Pochulukirapo, E951 siyimayambitsa vuto lalikulu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto laubongo, koma kugwiritsa ntchito kuyenera kukhala koyenera, mwachitsanzo, matenda a shuga kapena kunenepa kwambiri.

Malinga ndi American Diabetes Association, kutenga zotsekemera kumalola anthu odwala matenda ashuga kusiyanitsa zakudya zawo popanda shuga.

Pali chiphunzitso chakuti aspartame ikhoza kukhala yowopsa kwa odwala otere, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kuwongoleka. Izi, zimathandizira kukulitsa kwa retinopathy (kuphwanya magazi kumayendedwe ka retina ndi kuchepa kwamono kwamtsogolo kufikira khungu). Zambiri pazoyanjana ndi E951 ndikuwonongeka kowonekera sizinatsimikizidwe.

Ndipo komabe, ndikuwoneka kuti kulibe phindu lenileni kwa thupi, kulingalira koteroko kumakupangitsani kuganiza.

Contraindication ndi malamulo ovomerezeka

1. Tengani E951 saloledwa zosaposa 40 mg pa kilogalamu imodzi yakulemera patsiku.
2. Pulogalamuyo imalowetsedwa m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, omwe makamaka amawonetsa impso.
3. 1 chikho chimodzi cha zakumwa imwani 15-30 g wa sweetener.

Pazolowera koyamba, aspartame imatha kuyambitsa chilimbikitso, matupi awonetsero, migraine. Izi ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri.

• phenylketonuria,
• kumva zigawo zikuluzikulu
• mimba, kuyamwitsa ndi ubwana.

Makhalidwe abwino

Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kukoma kwa wogwirizira ndikusiyana ndi kukoma kwa shuga. Monga lamulo, kukoma kwa lokoma kumamvekanso pakamwa, kotero m'mabwalo azigawo anapatsidwa dzina "lalitali lokoma."

Lokoma ali ndi kukoma kwabwinoko kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, opanga ma spartame amagwiritsa ntchito zochepa pazinthu zawo, m'njira yayikulu imakhala yoyipa kale. Ngati shuga adagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuchuluka kwake kungafunikire zochuluka.

Zakumwa za soda za Aspartame ndi maswiti nthawi zambiri zimasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi anzawo chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo.

Aspartame (E951): kuvulaza kapena kupindula, malamulo ovomerezeka ndi lingaliro la akatswiri

Spartame sweetener (Aspartamum, L-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine) ndizowonjezera chakudya pansi pa cholembedwa "E951", komanso mankhwala othana ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Ndiwotsekemera wachiwiri wotchuka kwambiri, wopezeka muzakudya zosiyanasiyana ndi zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi. Ikamamwa, imagawika m'magawo angapo, pomwe ina ndi yoopsa, yomwe imapangitsa kukayikira za chitetezo chake.

Chithunzi: Depositphotos.com. Wolemba: Amaviael.

Aspartame - wokoma yemwe nthawi zambiri (160-200) amaposa shuga wokoma, omwe amachititsa kuti azikhala wotchuka pakupanga chakudya.

Zogulitsa zitha kupezeka pansi pa zilembo: Sweetley, Slastilin, Nutrisvit, Shugafri, ndi zina zambiri. Shugafri yaperekedwa ku Russia kuyambira 2001 mu mawonekedwe a piritsi.

Aspartame ili ndi 4 kcal pa 1 g, koma nthawi zambiri zopezeka mu calorie sizimaganiziridwa, chifukwa zimafunikira pang'ono kuti muzimva kukoma mu malonda. Imafanana ndi 0,5% yokha ya zopatsa mphamvu za shuga ndi shuga womwewo.

Aspartame adapezeka mwangozi mu 1965 ndi wasayansi wina wa zamankhwala James Schlatter, yemwe adaphunzira kupanga gastrin yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuchiritsa zilonda zam'mimbazi. Malo okoma anapezedwa ndi kulumikizana ndi chinthu chomwe chinagwera pa chala cha wasayansi.

E951 idayamba kugwira ntchito kuyambira 1981 ku America ndi UK. Koma atatulukira mu 1985 chifukwa chakuti amawola kukhala zigawo zina za nyama atapsa, mikangano yokhudza chitetezo kapena kuvulaza kwa aspartame idayamba.

Popeza aspartame popanga imakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kukoma kwambiri pamankhwala ochepera kuposa shuga, umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mayina opitilira 6,000,000 azakudya ndi zakumwa.

E951 imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati njira ina shuga kwa odwala matenda ashuga komanso anthu onenepa kwambiri. Malo ogwiritsira ntchito: Kupanga zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, zopangidwa mkaka, makeke, chokoleti, zotsekemera mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi kuwonjezera zakudya ndi zinthu zina.

Magulu akulu azinthu zomwe zili ndi izi:

• Chungamu "chopanda shuga",
• zakumwa zokometsera,
• zakumwa zamtundu wa kalori wotsika,
• Zakudya zokhala ndi mchere zokhala ndi madzi,
• zakumwa zoledzeretsa mpaka 15%
• makeke okoma ndi maswiti otsika kalori,
• kupanikizana, kupanikizana kwama calorie ochepa, etc.

Maphunziro angapo atayambika mu 1985 omwe adawonetsa kuti E951 igwera mu amino acid ndi methanol, pamabuka mikangano yambiri.

Malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01, katsitsidwe kamapulogalamu amavomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chotsekemera komanso chopatsa kukoma ndi fungo.

Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito palimodzi ndi zotsekemera zina - Acesulfame, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wokukonzekera kukoma ndikuwonjezera. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa aspartame imangokhala nthawi yayitali, koma osamvetseka nthawi yomweyo. Ndipo pakachulukitsa Mlingo, umawonetsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chowonjezera.

Zofunika! Chonde dziwani kuti E951 siili oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya zophika kapena zakumwa zotentha. Pamatenthedwe pamwamba pa 30 ° C, ndiye kuti zotsekemera zimasanduka poizoni wa methanol, formaldehyde ndi phenylalanine.

Otetezeka akamagwiritsa ntchito muyezo Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku (onani tebulo).

Pambuyo pakukonzekera pakamwa, zotsekemera zimasinthidwa kukhala phenylalanine, aspargin ndi methanol, zomwe zimalowa mwachangu m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Akalowa kayendedwe kazinthu, amatenga nawo mbali mu kagayidwe kazinthu.

Kwambiri, Hype yozungulira aspartame ndi kuvulaza kwake kwaumoyo wamunthu imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa methanol (otetezedwa mukamawona mlingo woyenera). Ndizodabwitsa kuti kachidutswa kakang'ono ka methanol kamapangidwa m'thupi la munthu pakudya zakudya zomwe zimakonda kwambiri.

Choyipa chachikulu cha E951 ndikuti sichiloledwa kutentha pamwamba pa 30 ° C, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka m'magawo a carcinogenic. Pachifukwa ichi, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwonjezere tiyi, makeke ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimaphatikizira chithandizo cha kutentha.

Malinga ndi a Mikhail Gapparov, pulofesa wa Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Science, dokotala wazamankhwala pazamankhwala, muyenera kuganizira bwino kusankha komwe kumakomera munthu wina wokoma komanso kumumvera malinga ndi malangizo. Pankhaniyi, palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa.

Nthawi zambiri, chiwopsezo chimayimiriridwa ndi zinthu zomwe opanga amawonetsa zolondola zokhudza kapangidwe kazinthu zawo, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zake.

Malinga ndi sing'anga wamkulu wa Clhenov MMA Endocrinology Clinic, Vyacheslav Pronin, m'malo mwa shuga amapangidwira anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda a shuga. Zakudya zawo sizikulimbikitsidwa kwa anthu athanzi, chifukwa samadzitengera phindu lililonse, kupatula kukoma kwakumaso. Kuphatikiza apo, okometsera opanga ali ndi choleretic zotsatira ndi zovuta zina.

Malinga ndi asayansi aku South Africa, omwe maphunziro awo adafalitsidwa mu 2008 mu Journal of Dietary Nutrition, zinthu zomwe zimasokonekera m'mimba zimatha kusokoneza ubongo, kusintha momwe amapangidwira serotonin, yomwe imakhudza kugona, kusinthasintha kwa zochitika ndi zochitika. Makamaka, phenylalanine (imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimawola) imatha kusokoneza ntchito ya mitsempha, kusintha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi, kusokoneza kwambiri kagayidwe ka amino acid, ndipo kungathandizire kukulitsa matenda a Alzheimer's.

Zakudya zokhala ndi E951 sizikulimbikitsidwa kwa ana. Wotsekemera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizilamulira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti samazimitsa ludzu bwino, zomwe zimatsogolera kupitilira muyeso wabwino wa zotsekemera.

Komanso, aspartame nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zotsekemera komanso zonunkhira zina, zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa ziwengo.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa American Food Quality Authority (FDA), kugwiritsa ntchito ma aspartame panthawi yoyembekezera komanso kuyamwitsa pa mapiritsi osavomerezeka sikuvulaza.

Koma kutenga zotsekemera panthawiyi sizikulimbikitsidwa chifukwa chosowa zakudya komanso kupatsa mphamvu. Ndipo azimayi oyembekezera komanso oyamwitsa akufunika kwambiri michere ndi michere.

Pochulukirapo, E951 siyimayambitsa vuto lalikulu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto laubongo, koma kugwiritsa ntchito kuyenera kukhala koyenera, mwachitsanzo, matenda a shuga kapena kunenepa kwambiri.

Malinga ndi American Diabetes Association, kutenga zotsekemera kumalola anthu odwala matenda ashuga kusiyanitsa zakudya zawo popanda shuga.

Pali chiphunzitso chakuti aspartame ikhoza kukhala yowopsa kwa odwala otere, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kuwongoleka. Izi, zimathandizira kukulitsa kwa retinopathy (kuphwanya magazi kumayendedwe ka retina ndi kuchepa kwamono kwamtsogolo kufikira khungu). Zambiri pazoyanjana ndi E951 ndikuwonongeka kowonekera sizinatsimikizidwe.

Ndipo komabe, ndikuwoneka kuti kulibe phindu lenileni kwa thupi, kulingalira koteroko kumakupangitsani kuganiza.

1. Tengani E951 saloledwa zosaposa 40 mg pa kilogalamu imodzi yakulemera patsiku.
2. Pulogalamuyo imalowetsedwa m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, omwe makamaka amawonetsa impso.
3. 1 chikho chimodzi cha zakumwa imwani 15-30 g wa sweetener.

Pazolowera koyamba, aspartame imatha kuyambitsa chilimbikitso, matupi awonetsero, migraine. Izi ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri.

• phenylketonuria,
• kumva zigawo zikuluzikulu
• mimba, kuyamwitsa ndi ubwana.

Njira zodziwika ngati zotsekemera zotsekemera: kuphatikiza cyclamate ndi mankhwala achilengedwe azitsamba - stevia.

• Stevia - wopangidwa kuchokera ku mtengo womwewo, womwe umamera ku Brazil. Wotsekemera amalimbana ndi mankhwala othandizira kutentha, alibe zopatsa mphamvu, sayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
• Chizungu - zotakasa zotakasa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zotsekemera zina. Mlingo wovomerezeka tsiku lililonse soposa 10 mg. M'matumbo, mpaka 40% ya chinthucho imalowetsedwa, voliyumu yonse imadziunjikira mu minofu ndi ziwalo. Kuyeserera kochita nyama kudavumbulutsa chotupa cha chikhodzodzo ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali.

Kulandila kuyenera kuchitika monga koyenera, mwachitsanzo, mankhwalawa a kunenepa kwambiri. Kwa anthu athanzi, kuvulaza kwa aspartame kumapindulitsa. Ndipo titha kunena kuti zotsekemera izi sizabwino shuga.

Njira ina ya aspartic acid yopezeka muzakudya zambiri ndizakudya zowonjezera E951 (Aspartame).

Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, podziimira palokha komanso mosiyanasiyana pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mankhwalawa ndi cholowa m'malo mwa shuga, chifukwa chake chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zambiri zotsekemera.

Zowonjezera E951 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala m'makampani azakudya ngati cholowa m'malo mwa shuga. Ndi kristalo loyera, wopanda fungo lomwe limasungunuka mwachangu m'madzi.

Chakudya chowonjezera chimakhala chokoma kuposa shuga wamba chifukwa cha zipatso zake:

• Phenylalanine
• Aspartic amino acid.

Panthawi yakuwotcha, wokoma amataya kukoma kwake, chifukwa chake zopangidwa ndi kupezeka kwake sizimathandizidwa ndi kutentha.

Fomula yamafuta ndi C14H18N2O5.

100 g iliyonse ya zotsekemera zimakhala ndi 400 kcal, chifukwa chake imawerengedwa ngati chinthu champhamvu kwambiri.Ngakhale izi zili choncho, zochepa zowonjezera izi zimafunikira kuti zipatse kukomerako, chifukwa chake sizimaganiziridwa mukamawerenga kuchuluka kwa mphamvu.

Aspartame ilibe ma nuances owonjezera a kukoma ndi zosayera mosiyana ndi zotsekemera zina, chifukwa chake chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chodziyimira pawokha. Zowonjezera zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zotetezedwa ndi oyang'anira.

E951 yowonjezera imapangidwa chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana kwa ma amino acid, kotero imakoma 200 nthawi yabwino kuposa shuga wokhazikika.

Kuphatikiza apo, mutagwiritsa ntchito zilizonse zomwe zili ndi zokongoletsera, kansalu kameneka kamakhala kotalikirapo kuposa kachitidwe kazomwe kamayeretsa.

Zokhudza thupi:

• imagwira ngati ma neurotransmitter osangalatsa, chifukwa chake, gawo lalikulu la E951 likadyedwa muubongo, kusamala kwa oyimira pakati kumasokonezeka,
• zimathandizira kuchepa kwa shuga chifukwa cha kuchepa mphamvu kwa thupi,
• kuchuluka kwa glutamate, acetylcholine amachepetsa, zomwe zimawononga ntchito ya ubongo.
• thupi limadziwitsidwa ndi kupsinjika kwa oxidative, chifukwa chomwe kufalikira kwamitsempha yamagazi ndi kukhulupirika kwa maselo amitsempha kumaphwanyidwa,
• zimathandizira kukulitsa kukhumudwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kutsata kwa phenylalanine komanso kusokonekera kaphatikizidwe ka neurotransmitter serotonin.

Ma hydrolyzes omwe amawonjezera mwachangu mokwanira m'mimba yaying'ono.

Sipezeka m'magazi ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito milingo yayikulu. Aspartame imagwera m'thupi m'zigawo zotsatirazi:

• zatsalira, kuphatikiza phenylalanine, asidi (Aspartic) ndi methanol muyezo woyenera wa 5: 4: 1,
• Asidi acid ndi formaldehyde, kupezeka kwake komwe nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kuvulala chifukwa cha poizoni wa methanol.

Aspartame imawonjezeredwa mwachangu pazinthu zotsatirazi:

• zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi
• ma lollipops
• kutsokomola
• Confectionery
• timadziti
• kutafuna chingamu
• maswiti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga
• mankhwala ena
• zakudya zamagulu (zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza kukoma, sizikhudza kukula kwa minofu),
• yogurts (zipatso),
• mavitamini zovuta
• shuga olowa m'malo.

Chizindikiro cha wokoma wokoma ndikuti kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zili ndi masamba ake kumatha zotsatira zosasangalatsa. Zakumwa zakumwa ndi Aspartus sizimachepetsa ludzu, koma kuwonjezera.

Aspartame imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu ngati sweetener kapena itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zambiri kuti awapatse kukoma.

Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi:

• matenda ashuga
• kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri.

Chakudya chowonjezera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri monga mapiritsi a anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amafunikira shuga pang'ono kapena kuthetseratu kwathunthu.

Popeza lokoma siligwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito amachepetsedwa kuti azilamulira kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zowonjezera. Kuchuluka kwa aspartame omwe amamwetsa patsiku sikuyenera kupitilira 40 mg pa kilogalamu ya thupi, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa komwe zowonjezera izi zimaperekedwa kuti zisapitirire mlingo wabwino.

Mu kapu ya chakumwa, 18-36 mg wa zotsekemera ayenera kuchepetsedwa. Zogulitsa zomwe zili ndi E951 sizingatenthe kuti mupewe kutsekemera.

Tsitsi lotere limalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri kapena omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, chifukwa alibe michere.

Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito Aspartame ndizokayikitsa kwambiri:

1. Zakudya zomwe zili ndi zowonjezera zimakimbidwa mwachangu ndikulowa m'matumbo. Zotsatira zake, munthu amakhala ndi nkhawa yosatha yanjala. Chimbudzi cholimbitsa mofulumira chimathandizira kukulitsa njira zowola m'matumbo ndikupanga mabakiteriya okhala ndi tizilombo.
2. Chizolowezi chomangokhalira kumwa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi mukatha kudya zimatha kubweretsa kukulira kwa cholecystitis ndi kapamba, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale shuga.
3. Kulakalaka kudya kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulini poyankha kukomedwa kwa zakudya. Ngakhale kusowa kwa shuga mu mawonekedwe ake oyera, kupezeka kwa Aspartame kumapangitsa kukonzanso kwa glucose m'thupi. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa glycemia kumachepa, kumverera kwanjala kumakwera, ndipo munthuyo ayambanso kugona.

Kodi chifukwa chiyani zotsekemera zili zovulaza?

1. Kuvulaza kwa E951 yowonjezera kukugona pazinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi iyo panthawi ya kuwola. Pambuyo polowa m'thupi, Aspartame imangosintha kukhala amino acid, komanso Methanol, yomwe ndi chinthu choopsa.
2. Kuledzera kwambiri kwa zinthu zotere kumayambitsa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zosasangalatsa mwa munthu, kuphatikizapo chifuwa, kupweteka mutu, kusowa tulo, kuiwalaiwala, kupindika, kukhumudwa, migraine.
3. Chiwopsezo chotenga khansa ndi matenda osachiritsika chikuwonjezereka (malinga ndi ofufuza ena asayansi).
4. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali zakudya zamafuta awa kumatha kuyambitsa ziwonetsero zambiri.

Ndemanga pa kanema wogwiritsa ntchito Aspartame - kodi ndizovulaza?

Sweetener ali ndi zotsutsana zingapo:

• mimba
• homozygous phenylketonuria,
• zaka za ana
• nthawi yoyamwitsa.

Ngati bongo wa wokoma mtima, osiyanasiyana thupi lawo siligwirizana, migraines ndi kuchuluka kudya kungachitike. Nthawi zina, pamakhala chiwopsezo chokhala ndi systemic lupus erythematosus.

Aspartame, ngakhale atakhala ndi zoopsa komanso zotsutsana, amaloledwa m'maiko ena, ngakhale ana ndi amayi oyembekezera. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti kupezeka kwa zowonjezera zilizonse zakudya mu nthawi yakubala ndikudyetsa mwana ndizowopsa pakukula kwake, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti musangoleketsa malire momwe mungathere, koma kuti muthane nazo.

Mapiritsi a sweetener ayenera kusungidwa kokha m'malo abwino ndi owuma.

Kuphika pogwiritsa ntchito Aspartame kumawonedwa ngati kosathandiza, chifukwa kutentha kwamtundu uliwonse kumalepheretsa kuwonjezeranso kukoma kosangalatsa pambuyo pake. Sweetener nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi zopangira mafuta komanso zofikira.

Aspartame amagulitsidwa pamwamba pa-wotsutsa. Itha kugulidwa ku pharmacy iliyonse kapena kuyitanitsa kudzera pa intaneti.

Mtengo wa zotsekemera ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 100 pama mapiritsi a 150.

Kodi zotapira zotsekemera zimavulaza thupi

Moni kwa onse! Ndikupitiliza mutu wamitundu yosiyanasiyana yoyesedwa ya shuga. Nthawi yakwana ya aspartame (E951): zomwe zimawonongeka ndi zotsekemera, zomwe zimakhala ndi chiyani, komanso njira zodziwira ngati thupi la pakati komanso ana lingathe.

Masiku ano, makampani opanga mankhwala amatipatsa mwayi wambiri wopewa shuga, osadzikana tokha maswiti omwe mumakonda. Chimodzi mwa zotsekemera zotchuka kwambiri pakati pa opanga ndi aspartame, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazokha komanso kuphatikiza ndi zina. Kuyambira kale, izi zimakhudzidwa pafupipafupi - tiyeni tiwone momwe zimavulaza komanso momwe zimakhudzira thupi.

Sipertame iyi imapangidwa ndi shuga wotsogoza maulendo 150 mpaka 200 okoma kuposa iwowo. Ndi ufa woyera, wopanda fungo komanso wosungunuka kwambiri m'madzi. Yalembedwa pamawu a zilembo E 951.

Pambuyo pakulowetsa, imatengedwa mwachangu kwambiri, imaphatikizidwa m'chiwindi, kuphatikizidwa ndi transamination reaction, kenako imafotokozedwa ndi impso.

Zopatsa mphamvu za caloric za aspartame ndizokwera kwambiri - zokwanira 400 kcal pa 100g, koma kuti mupeze kutsekemera kwa zotsekemera izi mumafunikira zochepa kuti mukamawerenga kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, ziwerengerozi sizimawerengeka kuti ndizofunikira.

Ubwino wosasinthika wa aspartame ndi kukoma kwake kosangalatsa, kopanda zodetsa ndi zina zowonjezera, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito nokha, mosiyana ndi zotsekemera zina zopanga.

Komabe, sichitha kusunthika ndipo imasweka ndikusinthidwa.Gwiritsani ntchito kuphika komanso zakudya zina zokhala ndi tanthauzo sizitanthauza - adzatha kutsekemera.

Mpaka pano, aspartame idaloledwa ku United States, mayiko angapo aku Europe, ndi Russia. Pazipita tsiku lililonse 40 mg / kg patsiku

Wokoma anapezeka mwamwayi, mu 1965, akugwira ntchito yopanga mankhwala opangidwa kuti alimbitse zilonda zam'mimba - wasayansi wina dzina lake James Schlatter anangonyambita chala chake.

Wopakatika wapakati wapakati anali methyl ester wa dipeptide ya amino acid awiri: aspartic ndi phenylalanine. Pansipa mukuwona chithunzi cha formula.

Chifukwa chake adayamba kukwezanso wokoma watsopano pamsika, mtengo womwe zaka 20 udapitilira $ 1 biliyoni pachaka. Kuyambira 1981, aspartame yalola ku UK ndi USA.

Kenako mayeso angapo ndi maphunziro owonjezera otetezeka a lokoma awa amayamba. Tithandizanso kumvetsetsa komanso momwe chivomerezi chake chili chovulaza.

Ngati mukudziwa zokwanira pa aspartame, ndiye ndikulimbikitsani kuti muzolowere izi:

Ponena za kuvulala kwa aspartame, zokambirana zakhala zikuchitika konse mdziko la sayansi, zomwe sizikudziwika mpaka pano. Mabungwe onse ovomerezeka amalengeza mogwirizana kuti sizowopsa, koma kafukufuku wodziimira payekha akusonyeza kuti sizowopsa, koma akufotokozera zambiri zomwe zimachitika pa sayansi ya mabungwe osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi.

Chifukwa chake mu 2013, nkhani idasindikizidwa ndi asayansi aku South Africa yokhudza momwe mbali zosiyanasiyana za aspartame zimakhalira mthupi la munthu ndimaganizo okhumudwitsa kwambiri.

Mwachilungamo, ogula samakondwera ndi mtundu komanso zochita za lokoma. Ku United States kokha, mazana zikwizikwi madandaulo adalandiridwa ndi Federal Food Control Authority chifukwa cha aspartame. Ndipo izi ndi pafupifupi 80% yazodandaula zonse za ogula pankhani zowonjezera zakudya.

Kodi chimayambitsa mafunso ambiri ndi chani?

Chokhacho chovomerezeka chovomerezeka chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi matenda a phenylketonuria - aspartame ndi yoletsedwa kwa anthu omwe akudwala matendawa. Ndizowopsa kwa iwo, ngakhale imfa.

Pakadali pano, maphunziro ambiri odziyimira pawokha atsimikizira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a lokomali kwa nthawi yayitali kumayambitsa kupweteka kwa mutu, kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe, tinnitus, kusowa tulo komanso chifuwa.

Nyama zomwe zotsekemera zimayesedwa, panali milandu ya khansa ya muubongo. Chifukwa chake, mukuwona kuti aspartame ndi yovulaza kuposa abwino, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi saccharin ndi cyclamate.

Monga zotsekemera zina zopanga, aspartame siyipangitsa kuti muzimva kukomoka, ndiye kuti, zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zomwe zimakwiyitsa munthu kuti azitha kugwira ntchito zambiri.

• Zakumwa zotsekemera sizimathetsa ludzu lanu, koma m'malo mwake zimalimbikitsani, monga mkamwa mumakhala kulawa kotsalira.
• Ma Yogurts omwe ali ndi aspartame kapena maswiti azakudya nawonso samathandizira kuchepetsa thupi, chifukwa serotonin sikuwoneka kuti ndiyomwe imapangitsa kuti pakhale chisangalalo chokwanira komanso chisangalalo chifukwa chodya zakudya zotsekemera.

Chifukwa chake, kulakalaka kokha kumangokulitsa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa chakudya, motero, kumawonjezeka. Zomwe zimabweretsa kudya kwambiri osaponya mapaundi owonjezera, monga momwe tidakonzera, koma kunenepa.

Koma izi sizoyipa kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito aspartame. Chowonadi ndi chakuti m'thupi lathu, zotsekemera zimagwera ma amino acid (Aspartic ndi phenylalanine) ndi methanol.

Ndipo ngati kukhalapo kwa magawo awiri oyamba ali ndi zifukwa zina, makamaka chifukwa zimapezekanso mu zipatso ndi timadziti, ndiye kupezeka kwa methanol kumayambitsa kukambirana kwamakono. Mowa wa monohydric amadziwika kuti ndiwopanda, ndipo palibe njira yofotokozera kupezeka kwake mu chakudya.

Zomwe kuwonongeka kwa aspartame mu zinthu zoyipa kumachitika ngakhale pang'ono pang'ono.Chifukwa chake ndikokwanira kuti chipilala cha thermometer chikukwera mpaka 30 ° C, kotero kuti zotsekemera zimasinthidwa kukhala formaldehyde, methanol ndi phenylalanine. Zonsezi ndi zinthu zoopsa zomwe zimakhala zowopsa kwambiri ku thanzi la munthu.

Ngakhale zowona zosasangalatsa zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, aspartame tsopano yovomerezeka kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'maiko opitilira 100 padziko lapansi kwa ana, amayi apakati komanso amayi oyembekezera.

Olemba magwero amati izi ndiye zotsekemera zophunziridwa kwambiri komanso zotetezeka zomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito. Komabe, sindingavomereze kugwiritsa ntchito kwa amayi aliwonse amtsogolo, kapena amayi oyamwitsa, kapena ana.

Amakhulupirira kuti phindu lalikulu la aspartame ndikuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga osawopa moyo wawo chifukwa chodumphadumpha mu insulini amatha kugula mchere kapena zakumwa zotsekemera, chifukwa GI (glycemic index) ya lokoma iyi ndi zero.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe shuga wogwirizira uyu amapezeka? Lero mu netiwe yogawa mungapeze zinthu zopitilira 6000 zomwe zili ndi aspartame pakupanga kwawo.

Nayi mndandanda wazogulitsa zamtunduwu zomwe zili ndi mitundu yayitali kwambiri:

• msuzi wokoma (kuphatikizapo coca cola kuwala ndi zero),
• yogurts zipatso,
• kutafuna chingamu
• maswiti a odwala matenda ashuga,
• zakudya masewera
• mankhwala angapo
• mavitamini a ana ndi akulu.

Komanso m'malo a shuga monga: Novasvit ndi Milford.

Mulingo wovomerezeka wa aspartame E 951 wovomerezedwa ndi FDA (American Food and Drug Administration) wotentha tsiku lililonse ndi 50 mg / kg thupi.

Zogulitsa, kuphatikiza mwachindunji ndi zotsekemera zapakhomo, zimakhala ndi kangapo. Chifukwa chake, kuvomerezeka kwa tsiku lililonse kwa aspartame kumatha kuwerengedwa pamaziko a mtengo wapamwamba wofotokozedwa ndi FDA ndi WHO wa 50 mg / kg thupi kapena 40 mg / kg.

Pogulitsa, pali njira zingapo zakusinjirira kuti mudziwe momwe chinthucho chikugulidwira (pakuwunikira ngati simukugwirizana), ndipo pamaziko a nkhaniyi chikalata chogwirizana nacho.

Chifukwa chake, kupezeka kwa aspartame mu zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi kumatsimikiziridwa pambuyo pakupanga kwawo.

Kuwunikiraku kumagwiritsa ntchito chiwonetsero chazithunzi, mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe.

Tifunikira kumveketsa kufunika kwa kuphatikizidwa kwa zotsekemera.

Chromatograph yamadzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida chachikulu chowunikira.

Izi zothira shuga zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza ndi ena, mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza kuphatikiza kwa aspartame acesulfame potaziyamu (mchere).

Opanga nthawi zambiri amaziphatikiza, popeza "duet "yo imakhala ndi kutsekemera kwakukulu kofanana ndi mayunitsi 300, pomwe payokha pazinthu zonse ziwiri sizidutsa 200.

Lokoma pa aspartame akhoza kukhala:

• mwa mapiritsi, mwachitsanzo, milford (300 tabu),
• mu madzi - Milford Suss, monga sungunuka kwambiri.

Ngati mukukayikirabe zokoma izi, mutha kugula zinthu zomwe mulibe.

Kutafuna chingamu chopanda aspartame kapena mapuloteni ochita masewera othamanga sichimapezeka pa intaneti pamalo apadera, komanso m'masitolo akuluakulu. Aspartame pamasewera olimbitsa thupi samakhudza kukula kwa minofu, chifukwa samatengeka ndi thupi ndipo amawonjezedwa kuti athandize kukoma kwa mapuloteni osasokoneza.

Kaya mukugwiritsa ntchito kapena kugwiritsa ntchito aspartame ngati zotsekemera zili ndi inu. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, ndikofunikira kuwerenga zolemba za sayansi pamutuwu kuti mupeze chithunzi chonse ndikuyang'ana wathanzi labwino.

Ndi chisangalalo ndi chisamaliro, endocrinologist Dilara Lebedeva

1. 
   Kalinina L.V., Gusev E.I. Matenda obadwa nawo a metabolism ndi phacomatosis omwe amawononga dongosolo lamanjenje, Mankhwala - M., 2015. - 248 p.
2. 
   Balabolkin M.I. Matenda a shuga. Momwe mungasungire moyo wathunthu.Kutulutsa koyamba - Moscow, 1994 (tiribe chidziwitso chofalitsa komanso kufalitsa)
3. 
   Oppel, V. A. Maphunziro mu Opaleshoni Yamankhwala ndi Clinical Endocrinology. Buku II: Monograph. / V.A. Tsutsa. - M: Nyumba yosindikiza boma ya mabuku azachipatala, 2011. - 296 c.

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwazaka 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka pamalowo kuti athetse zovuta osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusaitiyi, kufunsana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.

Zotsekemera Zosiyanasiyana

Njira zodziwika ngati zotsekemera zotsekemera: kuphatikiza cyclamate ndi mankhwala achilengedwe azitsamba - stevia.

• Stevia - wopangidwa kuchokera ku mtengo womwewo, womwe umamera ku Brazil. Wotsekemera amalimbana ndi mankhwala othandizira kutentha, alibe zopatsa mphamvu, sayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
• Chizungu - zotakasa zotakasa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zotsekemera zina. Mlingo wovomerezeka tsiku lililonse soposa 10 mg. M'matumbo, mpaka 40% ya chinthucho imalowetsedwa, voliyumu yonse imadziunjikira mu minofu ndi ziwalo. Kuyeserera kochita nyama kudavumbulutsa chotupa cha chikhodzodzo ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali.

Kulandila kuyenera kuchitika monga koyenera, mwachitsanzo, mankhwalawa a kunenepa kwambiri. Kwa anthu athanzi, kuvulaza kwa aspartame kumapindulitsa. Ndipo titha kunena kuti zotsekemera izi sizabwino shuga.

Pharmacology

Muli ndi mapuloteni ambiri a zakudya wamba. Ili ndi digiri ya kutsekemera nthawi 180-200 kuposa ija ya sucrose. 1 g ili ndi 4 kcal, koma chifukwa cha kuthekera kwambiri, kutulutsa bwino kokhala ndi calcium kumafanana ndi 0,5% ya zopatsa mphamvu za shuga ndi shuga wofanana.

Pambuyo pakumwa pakamwa, imalowa mwachangu m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Imakhudzidwa kagayidwe mu chiwindi, kuphatikizapo transamination anachita ndi zina ntchito munthawi ya kuwonjezeka amino acid m'thupi. Imapukutidwa makamaka ndi impso.

Aspartame - ndi chiyani?

Izi ndi zothira shuga, zotsekemera. Zopangira izi zidapangidwa koyamba mu 60s ya 20 century. Idalandiridwa ndi chemist J.M. Schlatter, chinthu chomwe ndi chopangidwa ndi zotsatira zake , Zakudya zake zidapezeka mwamwayi.

Pulogalamuyo imakhala yokoma kwambiri kuposa shuga. Ngakhale kuti zotsekemera zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu (pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 4 pa gramu), kuti mupange kukoma kwa zinthuzo, muyenera kuwonjezera zochepa kuposa shuga. Chifukwa chake, mukamagwiritsa ntchito kuphika, mtengo wake wa caloric sukumbukiridwa. Poyerekeza sucrose, phula ili lili ndi kutanthauzira kochulukira, koma kwapang'onopang'ono.

Kodi Aspartame, mphamvu zakepi, kuvulaza kwa Aspartame

Katundu ndi methylated dipeptidezomwe zimakhala ndi zotsalira phenylalaninendi Aspartic acid. Malinga ndi Wikipedia, kulemera kwake kwa maselo = 294, 3 magalamu pa Mole, kachulukidwe kazinthu kameneka ndi pafupifupi 1.35 gramu pa kiyubiki imodzi. Chifukwa chakuti kusungunuka kwa chinthu kumachokera pa 246 mpaka 247 Celsius, sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzinthu zotsekemera zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi kutentha. Pulogalamuyo imasungunuka pang'ono m'madzi ndi ena. kupuma sol sol.

Mavuto a Aspartame

Pakadali pano, chida chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera - Aspartame E951.

Amadziwika kuti atalowa m'thupi la munthu, chinthucho chimawola methanol. Methanoli yambiri imakhala poizoni.Komabe, kuchuluka kwa methanol komwe munthu amalandila chakudya nthawi zambiri kumapitilira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa Aspartame.

Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti methanol yochuluka mokwanira imapangidwa nthawi zonse mthupi la munthu. Mutatha kudya kapu imodzi ya zipatso zamadzimadzi, zochulukazo zimapangidwa kuposa mutatha kumwa momwemonso zakumwa zotsekemera ndi Aspartame.

Kafukufuku wambiri wazakumwa ndi zapoizoni adachitidwa kuti atsimikizire kuti zotsekemera zilibe vuto. Pankhaniyi, mlingo woyenera wa tsiku lililonse wa mankhwalawa umakhazikitsidwa. Ndi 40-50 mg wa pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa thupi patsiku, womwe ndi wofanana ndi mapiritsi 266 a zotsekemera zopangira munthu kwa masekeli 70 kg.

Mu 2015, pawiri milandu yoyesedwa ndi placebo, pomwe panali anthu 96. Zotsatira zake, palibe zizindikiro za metabolic ndi zamaganizidwe zoyipa zomwe zimakomera zotsekemera zomwe sizinapezeke.

Aspartame, ndi chiyani, metabolism yake imayenda bwanji?

Chipangizocho chimapezeka m'mapuloteni ambiri a zakudya wamba. Thupi limakhala lokoma kwambiri kuposa shuga wokhazikika, zopatsa mphamvu zake za calorie ndizotsika kwambiri kuposa shuga. Chakudya chokhala ndi phula ili, chimalowa mwachangu m'matumbo aang'ono. Wopangidwira mankhwala mu chiwindi minofu kudzera zimachitika kusinthika. Zotsatira zake, amino acid ndi methanol amapangidwa. Zinthu zamatsenga zimapukusidwa kudzera mu mkodzo.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Aspartame ndi njira yotetezeka bwino yomwe imapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zilizonse zosafunikira.

Nthawi zambiri sizingachitike:

• kupweteka mutu, kuphatikiza
• kukula modabwitsa
• zotupa pakhungu, zina zovuta kufatsa.

Magawo a ntchito

Chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yake yabwino kwambiri, spartame ndiye wokoma kwambiri.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito modzigulitsa m'makampani azakudya, monga kupanga zakumwa, mkaka, kutafuna mano, ayisikilimu, ndi zina zambiri.

Chowonjezera ichi chapeza malo ake pakukonzekera zinthu zomwe sizingafunikire kutentha.

Izi zothandizira shuga zimatenga malo apadera mu bizinesi ya confectionery. Ndi gawo la maswiti, ma cookie, ma jellies, ndi zina zambiri.

Kugwiritsa ntchito aspartame yogwira mankhwala. Ndi gawo la mankhwala ambiri, omwe amapezeka mu maswiti, manyumwa osiyanasiyana.

Kodi mukudziwa kuti: piritsi limodzi la chinthu ichi limakhala ndi shuga wofanana ndi supuni.

Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu zakumwa zakumwa ndi zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Kufuna kwake kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kalori. Zimapatsa zakumwa kukoma kokoma mukamagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochepa.

Makhalidwe Owonjezera

Monga malonda ena aliwonse, chowonjezera cha E951 chimadziwika ndi ndemanga zabwino komanso zoipa.

Mukufufuza, asayansi adaganiza kuti kuwonjezera pa E951 ndi chinthu chothandiza kwambiri.

Zake zatsiku ndi tsiku zimakhazikitsidwanso, zomwe ndi 40-50 mg / kg.

Chonde dziwani: Ngakhale zotsatira zakufufuzidwa ndi asayansi, mabungwe aboma omwe amagwira ntchito zachitetezo cha ogula amatsutsa kuti aspartame ndiyosatetezeka komanso zovulaza kugwiritsa ntchito.

Amatenga ngati maziko awo umboni kuti, izi zikaphulika, phenylalanic acid, aspartic acid, ndi methanol amapangidwa m'thupi.

Omalizirawa amatchedwa mowa wa nkhuni ndipo ndi poizoni wakupha.

Imatha kukhudza moyenera mapuloteni omwe ali mthupi, wamanjenje. Zotsatira zake zimatha kukhala khansa.

Formaldehyde, yomwe yasinthidwa kuchokera ku methanol, imathanso kuyambitsa khungu.

Mlingo wovulaza thupi umadalira aspartame, mlingo wake, womwe umalowa m'thupi la munthu.

Chonde dziwani: zomwe zili methanol mu zotsekemera ndizotsika kwambiri. Mu lita imodzi ya chakumwa chokoma kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa aspartame sikupitilira 60 mg. Ndipo poizoni, 5-10 ml ndikokwanira. Chifukwa chake, botolo limodzi la manyowa okoma silingayambitse poyizoni.

Methanol imatha kupangidwa mwachilengedwe mthupi la munthu. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kagayidwe kachakudya. Kupanga kwake patsiku kuli pafupifupi 500 mg. Chifukwa chake kuchokera pa 1 makilogalamu a maapulo 1.5 g a methanol amapezeka. Kuchuluka kwake kumapezeka mu timadziti ndi zakumwa.

Ntchito yodzitchinjiriza thupi imalimbana ndikuyeretsa zinthu zovulaza. Sizimadutsa methanol.

Kodi aspartame amawoneka bwanji mwa odwala omwe amadalira insulin? Ndilabwino kudya, koma nthawi yomweyo zovuta zake ndi kupindula ndizotheka.

Ubwino wake wamagwiritsidwe ndikuti, kupatula shuga kuchokera ku chakudya chamagulu, thupi limalandira chakudya chokwanira chochuluka. Koma choyipa cha izi ndikuti mulibe chakudya.

Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa, pakudya maswiti, thupi limakonzekera kugwira ntchito ndi chinthuchi. Chifukwa chake, zotsatira za izi zimakhala njala yosalekeza, yomwe imatsogolera osati kuwonda, koma kufunitsitsa kudya.

Malangizo a Katswiri: Mukamagwiritsa ntchito shuga m'malo mwa aspartame, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mumamwa kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti musamalemere kwambiri.

Chikhalidwe china choyipa cha E951 ndikulephera kuthetsa ludzu lanu. Mukamwa botolo la zakumwa zotsekemera, mumakhala ndi chikhumbo chofuna kumwa mowonjezereka kuti muchepetsetsetsetse pambuyo pake. Chifukwa chake, bwalo loipa limakhazikitsidwa pamene kuchuluka kwa chakumwa kumangowonjezera kumverera kwa ludzu.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa: pofuna kuthetsa ludzu lanu, ndibwino kufunafuna "thandizo" ndi timadziti tachilengedwe kapena ngakhale madzi wamba.

Mukamadya chakudya chochuluka kwambiri, pamakhala ngozi ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zizindikiro za izi ndi kusanza, poyizoni, thupi siligwirizana, chizungulire, kukhumudwa, nkhawa, kudzola tulo, etc.

Zotsatira za zowonjezera pamagulu ena a anthu

Palibe chidziwitso chazidziwitso zowopsa kapena zopindulitsa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ana apakati ndi amayi apakati.

Mutuwu ukuphunziridwa.

Ngakhale izi, pali malingaliro ambiri okhudzana ndi kuvulaza komwe kwachitika m'thupi.

Madokotala akukhulupirira: E951 suppartame yowonjezera imatha kubweretsa kusokonezeka kwa fetal. Kuti mudziteteze nokha ndi mwana wanu, sikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Komanso, aspartame siyabwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chofooka, popeza thupi ndi lovuta kale kugwira ntchito, ndipo pano katunduyu akukulirakulira.

Kugwiritsira ntchito nthawi yayitali pa izi kumakhudzanso thanzi la munthu. Zotsatira zake ndi mutu, tinnitus, kuchepa kwa masomphenya, kusowa tulo, chifuwa. Musanagwiritse ntchito, muyenera kuwerenga malangizo kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera.

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kuti aspartame ndi chinthu chabwino kwa anthu achikulire athanzi, koma ngati pali zopatuka zina mwa anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino, ndiye kuti izi ziyenera kusiyidwa.

Komanso, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa pamapaketi otsekemera, kutsatira zomwe zili phukusi. Mwachitsanzo, maswiti ena akhoza kukhala ndi mavitamini kapena zotsekemera.

Onerani kanema pomwe katswiri amapereka mfundo 5 zochititsa chidwi zokhudzana ndi kuopsa kwa chakudya chamagetsi E 951 - aspartame:

Thupi limatembenuza aspartame kukhala formaldehyde, womwe ndi mankhwala oyambitsa khansa.

M'dziko lomwe khansa imachitika paliponse, ndikofunikira kupitilizabe kumvetsetsa zomwe zingayambitse.Ndipo wokonza mankhwala awa ali pamndandanda wazifukwa. Pamene ilowa mthupi, aspartame, yomwe imakhala molekyulu ya dipeptide yomwe imapezeka ndikuphatikiza phenylalanine ndi aspartic acid, imawonongeka kwathunthu ndi michere ya m'mimba, imagawidwa m'magulu awiri amino ndi mtundu wa mowa womwe umadziwika kuti methanol, womwe pamapeto pake umasinthidwa kukhala formaldehyde m'thupi la munthu. Ngakhale aspartic acid, phenylalanine ndi methanol enieniwo amakhala ndi poizoni m'thupi la munthu, ndipo akamagwirira ntchito limodzi, zotsatirapo zake zimakhala zowawa kwambiri. Formaldehyde ndi yotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kuvulaza thupi lathu kotero kuti ngakhale ndi Environmental Protection Association idatchulapo kuti ndi nyama yopanda nyama. Kuphatikiza apo, maphunziro osiyanasiyana opangidwa ndi akatswiri odziyimira pawokha afikanso pamenepa. Methanol mu aspartame samayendera ndi ethanol, monga momwe zimakhalira zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi masamba ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana. Vuto ndilakuti ethanol imateteza munthu ku poizoni wa methanol, chifukwa chake mukamadya aspartame, thupi lanu sililandira chitetezo kuchokera ku methanol komanso kuvulaza komwe kumachitika. Kuvulala kumeneku kumaphatikizira kukhonza minofu yamoyo komanso kuwonongeka kwa DNA. Kafukufuku adawonanso kuti amatha kuyambitsa matenda a lymphoma, leukemia, ndi mitundu ina ya khansa.

Aspartame imabweretsa kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuphwanya kagayidwe.

Anthu nthawi zambiri amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi komanso zotsekemera, chifukwa amaphunzitsidwa kuyambira paubwana kuti shuga imayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri. Koma kafukufuku wa zasayansi wapeza kuti kusintha shuga ndi zina kungapangitse zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Aspartame imabweretsa kulemera mosasamala kalori yotengedwa, ndipo imavulaza thupi lanu koposa shuga wokhazikika. Kafukufuku wina, aspartame adayerekezedwa mwatsatanetsatane ndi sucrose, ndipo zotsatira zake zidawonetsa kuti zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa kulemera. Kafukufuku wina adapeza kuti katswenso kamasinthasintha kapangidwe ka thupi ka mahomoni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi chidwi chofuna kudya komanso mtima wofuna kudya zinazake zokoma. Phunziroli linatinso kuti kupweteka kwa m'mimba kumapangitsa chidwi cha thupi kukhala ndi insulin, yomwe ndi nkhani yoyipa kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Aspartame siyinatsimikizidwe kuti ndi yotetezeka; idavomerezedwa mwamphamvu ndi Food and Drug Administration.

Kafukufuku wakale wa aspartame adawonetsa kuti imatha kuyambitsa kugwidwa kwambiri ndi nyani komanso ngakhale kufa. Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu sizidagwere mu Food and Drug Administration. Mapeto ake, asayansi ochokera ku Office nawonso adadziwa izi, koma kampani yopanga mankhwala G.D. Searle, yemwe panthawiyo anali ndi patent ya aspartame, adadikirira mpaka Commissioner watsopano wa Office adasankhidwa, yemwe sanadziwe zambiri pazowonjezera zakudya, kenaka adatumizanso aspartame kuti ivomerezedwe.

Mabakiteriya a E. coli amatenga nawo mbali pakupanga kwa aspartame

Thumba la mabakiteriya osinthika a mtundu wa E. coli limathandizira kuti pakhale ma puloteni - amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga enzyme yachilengedwe kwambiri, yomwe imayang'anira kupanga phenylalanine, yomwe ndiyofunikira kuti apange izi. Patent ya 1981 yopanga aspartame, yomwe idakhalapo kwina malo osungirako zakale, tsopano ikupezeka pa intaneti, ndipo aliyense angathe kuwerengera zochititsa mantha izi pankhaniyi.

Aspartame imakhala ndi chiopsezo chowonongeka kwamuyaya ku ubongo.

Pafupifupi 40 peresenti ya aspartame imapangidwa kuchokera ku aspartic acid, yomwe imakhala ndi ma amino acid omwe amatha kudutsa chotchinga magazi-ubongo.Zinthu zambiri zotere zikalowa m'thupi, maselo aubongo amapezeka ndi calcium yambiri, zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka komanso kufa. Kafukufuku adawonetseranso kuti kuyamwa ndi aspartic acid kumatha kuyambitsa khunyu, matenda a Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, ndi dementia.

Tikuyankhula za chakudya chowonjezera wamba, chokoma, zotsekemera.

Aspartame sichimalowa m'malo mwachilengedwe, chosiyana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe amomwe amamangidwa ndi mankhwala. Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amadziwa chomwe chimapangitsa, chifukwa chake vutoli limakhala lovulaza.

Imafanana ndi methyl ether mu kapangidwe kake, kamene kamaphatikizidwa ndi awiri osafunikira. Ichi ndi aspartic amino acid ndi phenylalanine.

Monga shuga, aspartame ndimatha kutulutsa chakudya mosavuta. Pazinthu zina, chinthu chimatha kuvulaza thupi. Chojambulachi chimapezeka pansi pa mayina: "Aspamix", NutraSweet, Miwon, Enzimologa, Ajinomoto. Zofanizira zapakhomo: Nutrasvit, Sucrazide, Sugarfrey. Cholemacho chimasulidwa mu mawonekedwe a piritsi. Pamsika, chinthucho chimaperekedwa ngati mankhwala amodzi, komanso ngati mbali imodzi yosakanikirana ndi zotsekemera zingapo zingapo. Amapangidwa makamaka kwa iwo omwe sangathe kudya shuga (odwala pa insulin, anthu omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri).

Aspartame ndi yathunthu, yopanga shuga.

Thupi linapangidwa koyamba pansi pa zikhalidwe zasayansi mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za zana la 20. Anapangidwa ndi wasayansi wa mankhwala aku America. Chomwecho sichinali cholinga cha kuphunzira. Adagwira pa kapangidwe ka gastrin, ndipo aspartame imangokhala mankhwala apakatikati. Kumwetulira kwa chinthucho kudawululidwa mwamwayi, ndikunyambita chala komwe kakhazikikako.

Atawulula mphamvu zake zapadera zotsekemera, chinthucho nthawi yomweyo chinayamba kupanga mafakitale. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1981, aspartame idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku United States ndi Great Britain monga zotchedwa E951. Aspartame sikuti ndi nyama, Mosiyana ndi saccharin yokumba. Chifukwa chake, adalengezedwa kuti ndi njira ina yothandizira shuga, yomwe imapangitsa kudya zakudya zotsekemera popanda kulemera.

Masiku ano, kuchuluka kwa shuga wogwirizira padziko lonse lapansi kumaposa matani 10,000 pachaka. Gawo lake pamlingo wapadziko lonse lapansi woposa 25%. Aspartame ndi chinthu chofala kwambiri. Ndiwotchuka kwambiri pakati pa okoma onse amakono padziko lapansi.

Malinga ndi kuyerekezera koyipa, kuchuluka kwa m'malo mwa shuga ndi 1: 200 (ndiye kuti kilogalamu ya aspartame imapatsa kutsekemera kofanana ndi 200 kg ya shuga wokhazikika kuchokera ku shuga). Ziphuphu zimasiyana osati maonekedwe okha - kukoma kwake kumasiyananso kwambiri. Zinthu zoyera sizikoma konse, chifukwa zimangowonjezeredwa kuphatikiza ndi zotsekemera zina kuti zitheke ndikuyipangitsa.

E951 ndi chinthu chosasunthika chomwe chimazindikira kutentha, chimawola msanga ngakhale ndi kutentha pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, zotetezazi zimangowonjezeredwa kwa mbale zomaliza.

Mukatentha, chinthucho chimayamba kugundika nthawi yomweyo ndipo chimakhala poizoni woopsa. Ma carcinogen omwe amawerengedwa ngati gulu A. Kutentha kwake ndikuwonongeka kwathunthu ndi madigiri 80.

Ubwino wawukulu wa E951 ndizovuta zake pazinthu zomalizidwa.

Kafukufuku wambiri akuwonetsa kuti chinthucho sichilivulaza ngati mulingo wambiri uwonedwa. Chifukwa chake, mlingo wake wa tsiku ndi tsiku uli mpaka 50 mg pa kg iliyonse ya kulemera. Ku Europe, pali dongosolo loyendetsera 40 mg / kg.

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu

Zakumwa ndi Aspartame sizithetsa ludzu konse. Izi zimawonekera kwambiri m'chilimwe: ngakhale pambuyo pa koloko yozizira, mumamvanso ludzu. Zotsalira za chinthu sizimachotsedwa bwino ndi malovu kuchokera pamkamwa. Chifukwa chake, mutagwiritsa ntchito zinthu ndi Aspartame, masamba osasangalatsa osakhalitsa amakhala mkamwa, kuwawa kwina. Maiko ambiri (makamaka USA) pamilandu ya boma amawongolera kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera zoterezi pazinthu.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wapadziko lonse lapansi, kudya kwa nthawi yayitali kwa chinthu china mthupi kumayipa magwiridwe ake. Kuyesa kwa nyama ndi odzipereka amatsimikizira izi. Kukhalapo kwa chinthu kumayambitsa kuwawa pamutu, kuwonetsa thupi, kusokonezeka, kusowa tulo. Woopsa, ngakhale khansa ya muubongo ndiyotheka.

Aspartame sayenera kudyedwa pafupipafupi. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa anthu omwe akufuna kuchepa thupi. Kupatula apo, zakudya zoterezi zimatha kuyambitsa zotsalazo komanso kukulitsa thupi patsogolo. Zotsatira za chinthucho zimadziwika ndi "rebound syndrome" - kuchoka pachakudyacho, kusintha konse kumabwereranso ku zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu, kokha mwakukula kwambiri.

Chidzudzulo chachipatala

Malinga ndi malipoti ena, chinthu sichiyenera kuperekedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mchikakamizo chake amathandizira maonekedwe ndi kupitirira kwa retinopathy. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhalapo kosasinthika kwa E951 kumayambitsa kudumpha kosalamulirika m'magazi a odwala. Kusamutsidwa kwa gulu loyesa odwala matenda ashuga kuchokera ku saccharin kupita ku aspartame kunapangitsa kuti pakhale kupweteka kwambiri.

Ma acino ofunikira sakupindulitsa bongo. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti amaphwanya umagwirira wa ziwalo, kuwononga mankhwala opangira mankhwala, kusokoneza kagayidwe kazinthu zama cellular. Pali mawu akuti chinthucho, chikuwononga mitsempha, chimakwiyitsa matenda a Alzheimer's atakalamba.