Ndiubwino wotani wa matenda amtundu 1 komanso mtundu wa 2 omwe mungapeze mu 2019?

Malinga ndi National Research Center for Endocrinology ku Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, padakali pano anthu pafupifupi 8 miliyoni aku Russia akudwala matenda ashuga ndipo pafupifupi 20% ya dzikolo ali mdziko la prediabetes. Kupanga kuzindikira koteroko kumasintha moyo wa munthu, momwe mumakhala zovuta zambiri zomwe zimakhudzana ndikuwunika momwe thupi limawonongera, komanso mtengo wowonongera. Pofuna kuthandiza nzika zotere, boma limakhazikitsa dongosolo loti awapindulire. Chotsatira, tikambirana zomwe mapindulitsowa akuphatikizapo komanso momwe odwala matenda ashuga angalandire chithandizo cha boma.

Kuphatikizidwa kwa zopindulitsa kwa odwala matenda ashuga

Zotsatira za odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga zimatha kusintha kutengera mtundu wamatendawa komanso kupezeka kwake kapena kusapezeka kwa kulumala kotsimikizika.

Kupatula pamenepo, onse odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi ufulu kulandira mankhwala ndi njira zowongolera matendawa. Ufuluwu udavomerezedwa ndi boma la Russia mu Resolution No. 890 ya Julayi 30, 1994.

Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, pakulipira ndalama, zimaperekedwa:

• insulin
• syringe ndi singano,
• 100 g mowa wa ethyl pamwezi,
• glucometer
• Ma 90 mayeso otayika a glucometer pamwezi
• mankhwala a shuga ndi zovuta zake.

Type 2 matenda a shuga amakupatsirani:

• othandizira a hypoglycemic ndi mankhwala ena,
• glucometer
• Zingwe 30 zoyesa pamwezi.

Zopindulitsa zingapo zimaperekedwa kutengera mtundu wa wodwala:

• Amuna amasulidwa ku nkhondo,
• azimayi omwe ali pantchito amawonjezeredwa masiku atatu ndikuchoka kwa amayi kwa masiku 16 (kuphatikiza odwala omwe apezeka ndi matenda a shuga, omwe amapezeka pokhapokha pakati).

Gawo lalikulu la anthu odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mtundu wina wamagulu olumala, chifukwa chake, pamodzi ndi maubwino omwe ali pamwambawa, amapatsidwa pulogalamu yathunthu yothandizira anthu olumala. Mulinso:

• malipiro a penshoni yolumala,
• kulipira chithandizo cha spa ndi chipukuta maulendo (1 nthawi pachaka),
• mankhwala aulere (osati a shuga okha, komanso matenda ena),
• kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyendetsera mzinda komanso malo okhala
• 50% kuchotsera pazolipira zofunikira.

Mndandanda wazopindulitsa ungathe kufalikira kudzera mu mapulogalamu am'madera. Makamaka, izi zitha kukhala zokonda msonkho, kupereka malo othandizira olimbitsa thupi, kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zopepuka zolumikizira, ndi zina zambiri. chitetezo.

Maubwino a Ana A shuga

Tsoka ilo, sikuti akulu okha komanso ana amakhudzidwa ndi matenda ashuga. Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kukana matenda a thupi lofooka, komanso ndimatenda a shuga a mtundu wina (mtundu 1), ana amapatsidwa kulumala okha. Pankhaniyi, kuchokera ku boma lomwe amapatsidwa:

1. kulumala pantchito
2. chilolezo ku malo ophunzirira komanso malo osungira ana (kuyenda kumalipira mwana wolumala ndi wamkulu yemwe amatsagana naye),
3. mankhwala aulere, mankhwala azachipatala ndi mavalidwe,
4. ndalama zochepetsera anthu ambiri,
5. Ufulu wodziwitsa zaulere komanso kulandira chithandizo, kuphatikizapo kunja,
6. magawo apadera olandilidwa kumaphunziro apamwamba ndi mayeso,
7. 50% kuchotsera pazolipira zofunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati anthu akuluakulu olumala, kuchotsera kumangogwira gawo lawo pakumwedwa kwazinthu zonse, ndiye kuti kumabanja omwe ali ndi mwana wolumala phindu limapitilira ndalama zapa banja.

Makolo a ana olumala ndi owasamalira amayenera kuchotsera ndalama za msonkho wa anthu, kuchotsedwa pantchito nthawi yosamalira mwana wolumala, kupuma pantchito koyambirira, komanso osagwira ntchito - malipiro a mwezi ndi mwezi a ndalama zokwana ma ruble 5500.

Ana olumala opanda olumala amapatsidwa mapindu ofanana ndi akulu, kutengera mtundu wa matendawa.

Matenda a shuga omwe amafotokoza

Kukhalapo kwa gulu la olumala kumakulitsa kwambiri mndandanda wazopindulitsa kwa odwala matenda ashuga, chifukwa chake zimakhala zofunikira kulingalira momwe milandu imalembedwera odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Kuti munthu akhale wolumala, kungodziwikitsa za matenda ashuga sikokwanira. Gululi limasankhidwa pokhapokha pamavuto omwe amasokoneza moyo wonse wodwala.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa gulu loyamba la olumala kumachitika pokhapokha ngati matendawa ali ndi matenda, limodzi ndi mawonekedwe:

• kagayidwe kachakudya matenda
• kusawona kwambiri mpaka khungu,
• zigawenga
• kulephera kwa mtima ndi impso,
• chikomokere chomwe chimayamba chifukwa cha shuga m'magazi,
• kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kosasinthika:
• kusowa kwokhoza kudzipangira pawokha zofuna za thupi, kuyendayenda ndikugwira ntchito zantchito.

Kulemala kwa gulu lachiwirili limapatsidwa zizindikiro zofanana za matenda akulu a shuga, koma poyambira kukula kwawo. Gulu lachitatu limapangidwira mawonekedwe amtundu wofatsa komanso wolimbitsa thupi, koma ndikupita patsogolo kwake mwachangu.

Mawonetsero onse azovuta za matendawa ayenera kukhala ndi umboni wazomwe wapezeka, womwe umaperekedwa ndi akatswiri oyenerera azachipatala. Malipoti onse azachipatala ndi zotsatira zoyesa ziyenera kutumizidwa kukayezetsa zachipatala komanso chikhalidwe. Mukakhala kotheka kusonkhanitsa zikalata zothandizira, ndipomwe akatswiriwo angapange chisankho chabwino.

Kulemala kwa gulu lachiwiri ndi lachitatu limapatsidwa chaka chimodzi, cha gulu loyambirira - kwa zaka ziwiri. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, ufulu wokhala ndiudindo uyenera kutsimikizidwanso.

Njira yakulembetsa ndi kupeleka maubwino

Ntchito zoyambira zothandizirana ndi anthu, kuphatikiza mankhwala aulere, chithandizo munjira zoyendera ndi zoyendera anthu, zachitika kuofesi ya Pension Fund. Muyenera kupereka pamenepo:

• mawu oyenera
• zikalata zaumboni
• Chitifiketi cha inshuwaransi cha OPS,
• zikalata zachipatala zotsimikizira kuti ndinu woyenera kupindula.

Pambuyo polemba zikalata, wofunsayo amapatsidwa satifiketi yotsimikizira ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito ntchito zachitukuko. Pamaziko ake, adotolo adzalemba mankhwala aulere mu mankhwala ndi zida zofunika kuwunika momwe thupi liliri ndi matenda ashuga.

Kuti apeze chilolezo ku sanatorium, amatembenukiranso kuchipatala. Bungwe lazachipatala limawunika wodwalayo ndipo, ngati lingaliro labwino, limamupatsa satifiketi Nambala 070 / y-04 yotsimikizira ufulu wokhazikikanso. Ndikofunikira kulumikizana naye ku nthambi ya FSS, komwe kufunsira chilolezo, pasipoti (ya mwana olumala - satifiketi yobadwa), satifiketi yakulemala imasungidwanso. Ngati wodwala amakhala ndi tikiti, amapatsidwa mwayi wopita masiku 21, ndipo atero amapita naye kuchipatala kukalandira khadi yodikira.

Satifiketi yomwe inatulutsidwa ndi FIU imakupatsaninso ufulu wogula tikiti yapaulendo, malinga ndi momwe munthu wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kupita kwaulere pamitundu yonse ya mayendedwe a anthu onse, kupatula ma taxi ndi ma minibus a malonda. Pa mayendedwe olumikizana (msewu, njanji, mpweya, mtsinje), kuchotsera kwa 50% kumaperekedwa kuyambira koyambira kwa Okutobala mpaka pakati pa Meyi komanso kamodzi mbali zonse za chaka.

Kubweza ngongole

Wodwala yemwe ali ndi chilema akhoza kukana kulandira phindu m'malo mwake. Kulephera kutha kupangidwa kuchokera ku magulu onse azithandizo zamagulu. ntchito kapena zochepa pokhapokha pazosafunikira.

Ndalama zolipirira zonse zimapezedwa kwa chaka chimodzi, koma kwenikweni si nthawi imodzi, chifukwa zimalipira ndalama zowonjezera kwa miyezi 12 pogwiritsira ntchito ndalama zapenshoni. Kukula kwake kwa 2017 kwa anthu olumala ndi:

• $ 3,538.52 Gulu loyamba
• RUB2527.06 Gulu lachiwiri ndi ana,
• $ 2022.94 gulu lachitatu.

Mu 2018, akukonzekera kuti azilozera pamalipiro ndi 6.4%. Zotsatira zabwino zimatha kupezeka munthambi ya FIU, momwe muyenera kufunsira mapangidwe ake. Pulogalamu, pasipoti, satifiketi yakulemala imaperekedwa ku thumba, ndipo satifiketi imaperekedwa yomwe imapereka ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito phukusi ngati lidalandiridwa kale. Kugwiritsa ntchito kumakhala kochepa mu nthawi - pasanafike Okutobala 1. Pachifukwachi, kusinthira maubwino ndi ndalama zomwe zilipira chaka cha 2018 sizigwira ntchito. Mutha kulembetsa chaka cha 2019 zokha.

Mutha kutsegula njira yofunsira phindu kapena kubwezerera ndalama polumikizana ndi malo ambiri ogwirira ntchito. Ndipo nzika zomwe zili ndi mavuto poyenda zimatha kutumiza zikwizikwi ndi makalata kapena kudzera ku portal ya ntchito zaboma.

Sankhani kuti ndi njira yanji yolandirira phindu yomwe ingakhale yabwino kwa inu - mwaulemu kapena ndalama - ndipo onetsetsani kuti mukumane ndi oyang'anira boma kuti akuthandizeni. Ndikosavuta kuyerekezera njira zothandizira anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndi kuwonongeka kwa matendawa, komabe zingapangitse moyo wa wodwala kukhala wosavuta.