Mwazi wamagazi kuyambira 5 mpaka 5, 9 mmol

Magazi a shuga a 5.2, kodi ndiwambiri kapena pang'ono, afunseni odwala omwe adalandira zotsatira za kuyesa kwa glucose m'thupi? Pakazolowedwe ka shuga, madokotala amatenga kusiyana pakati pa 3,3 mpaka 5.5. Mwanjira ina, zonse mkati mwa malirewa ndizabwinobwino.

Pamodzi ndi izi, nthawi zambiri, shuga yamagazi amunthu imasiyanasiyana magawo a 4,4 mpaka 4,8. Ngati timakambirana za kuchuluka kwa zochuluka. Zotsatira zake, zomwe zimakhala m'thupi la munthu sizachilendo.

Magazi amatha kusiyanasiyana tsiku lonse, koma pang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, mutatha kudya, shuga m'magazi amadzuka kwa maola angapo, pambuyo pake amayamba kuchepa, kukhazikika pamlingo womwe akufuna.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kulingalira zomwe zikuwonetsa za glucose m'thupi la munthu zomwe zili zololeka, ndipo ndikupatuka kotani kumene kumatchedwa kuchuluka kwa matenda? Ndipo mupezanso nthawi yomwe mungathe kukambirana za chitukuko cha matenda ashuga?

Kodi shuga amawongolera bwanji m'thupi la munthu?

Tikamayankhula za kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi la munthu, zomwe zimakhala za glucose, zomwe zimawonedwa m'magazi a wodwala, zimatanthauzidwa. Kufunika kwa shuga ndikofunikira kwa anthu, chifukwa zomwe zimapezeka zimawonetsa ntchito ya thupi lonse.

Ngati pali kupatuka kuchoka pachizolowezi kupita kumbali yayikulu kapena yocheperako, ndiye kuti kuphwanya kachitidwe ka ziwalo zamkati ndi kachitidwe kungawonedwe. Poterepa, sitikulankhula za kusinthasintha kwakang'ono mutatha kudya, zolimbitsa thupi, monga izi ndizomwe zimachitika.

Ndiye, kodi shuga amawongolera bwanji mthupi? Kasitomala ndi gawo lamkati mwa munthu lomwe limatulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono timene timalowa m'maselo a beta, omwe amathandiza kuti glucose azisungunuka pama cellular.

Tidzaphunzila zambiri zomwe zimathandiza kumvetsetsa momwe shuga imayendetsedwera m'thupi la munthu:

• Ngati munthu ali ndi shuga wambiri mthupi, ndiye kuti kapamba amalandila chizindikiro kuti ndikofunikira kupanga mahomoni. Nthawi yomweyo, zimachitika chiwindi, chomwe chimapanga shuga ochulukirapo mu glucagon, motero, zizindikiro zimatsitsidwa pamlingo wovomerezeka.
• Munthu akakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose mthupi, kapamba amalandila chizindikirocho kuti aletse kupangika kwa mahomoni, ndipo amasiya kugwira ntchito mpaka nthawi yomwe insulin ikafunikanso. Nthawi yomweyo, chiwindi sichichita shuga mu glucagon. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa shuga kukuchulukirachulukira.

Ndi chizindikiro choyenera cha shuga, munthu akadya chakudya, shuga amamasulidwa, ndipo kwakanthawi kochepa amalowa m'madongosolo oyendetsera magazi.

Pamodzi ndi izi, kapamba amatulutsa insulin, yomwe imathandiza shuga kulowa m'magazi. Popeza kuchuluka kwa shuga kulibe malire, chiwindi chimakhala "bata", ndiye kuti sichichita chilichonse.

Chifukwa chake, kuti athe kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi la munthu pamlingo wofunikira, mahomoni awiri amafunikira - insulin ndi glucagon.

Norm kapena matenda?

Mkulu akasiya kuyimilira pa mayeso a 5.2, kodi izi ndiye chizolowezi kapena matenda, kodi odwala ali ndi chidwi? Chifukwa chake, kusiyanasiyana kuchokera ku mayunitsi 3.3 mpaka magawo 5.5 kumawerengedwa kuti ndizizindikiro wamba. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mwa anthu ambiri amakhala magawo 4,4 mpaka 4,8.

Kuyesedwa kwa madzi obwera kuchokera ku chala kapena mtsempha kumachitika m'mimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti, wodwalayo sayenera kudya chakudya osachepera maola 10 asanafike magazi. Ndi pokhapokha pazomwe titha kulankhula pazotsatira zoyenera.

Ngati kuyezetsa magazi kwawonetsa zotsatira za mayunitsi 5.2, ndiye kuti izi ndizabwinobwino, ndipo kuwunika koteroko kukuwonetsa kuti thupi la wodwalayo likugwira ntchito bwino, palibe njira zoyenera zothandizira kuti pakhale shuga.

Ganizirani za zaka zambiri:

1. Kuyambira wazaka 12 mpaka 60 - mayunitsi 3.3-5.5.
2. Kuyambira azaka 60 mpaka 90 - mayunitsi a 4.6-6.5.
3. Zoposa zaka 90 - magawo a 4.7-6.9.

Chifukwa chake, zitha kunenedwa molimba mtima kuti shuga wamba amatha kusintha pakapita nthawi. Ndipo akamakula, ndiye kuti mkhalidwe wake udzakhala waukulu.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati bambo wazaka 30 amakhala ndi shuga pamiyeso ya 6.4, ndiye kuti titha kukambirana za prediabetesic state. Pamodzi ndi izi, popeza tapeza zotere kuchokera kwa mzimayi kapena bambo wazaka 65, titha kuyankhula zazikhalidwe zovomerezeka pazaka zopatsidwa.

Mwa ana aang'ono, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumawoneka kosiyana pang'ono, ndipo mtengo wololeza wapamwamba umatsitsidwa ndi mayunitsi a 0,3, mukayerekeza ndi zotsatira za shuga za akulu.

Chofunikira: nthawi zambiri shuga amachokera ku mayunitsi 3.3 mpaka 5.5, ngati mayeso a glucose adawonetsa kusintha kwa mayunitsi 6.0 mpaka 6.9, ndiye titha kukambirana za chitukuko cha dziko la prediabetesic, ndi shuga wamagulu 7.7, shuga imakayikiridwa.

Kafukufuku wa shuga

Zachidziwikire, ngati dokotala alandila zotsatira za shuga m'magazi, malinga ndi kafukufuku wina, sipangakhale chilichonse chokhudza matenda onse. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera apo, adokotala amalimbikitsa kuti atenge mayeso ena.

Ndikofunikira kupatula mfundo kuti pakamayamwa magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, kulakwitsa kulikonse kunachitika. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ndikofunikira kumwa zamadzimadzi zokha pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndizovomerezeka kumwa madzi abwinobwino musanawunikidwe.

Ngati wodwala amatenga mankhwala aliwonse omwe angakhudze mayeso a shuga m'thupi, ayenera kudziwitsa dokotala za izi. Ngati zotsatira zingapo zoyesedwa zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mayunitsi a 6.0-6.9, ndiye kuti titha kulankhula za prediabetes, ndi zopitilira 7.0, zokhudzana ndi matenda ashuga odziwika bwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita kuyesa kwa glucose, komwe kumachitika motere:

1. Choyamba, kwachilengedwenso madzi amatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu (osavomerezeka kudya chakudya chilichonse mu maola 8-10).
2. Kenako kutsitsa shuga kumachitika. 75 magalamu a shuga owuma amawonjezeredwa ndi kapu yamadzi ofunda, chilichonse chimasakanizidwa. Patsani wodwala kuti amwe shuga.
3. Pakatha ola limodzi ndi maola awiri, magazi amatengedwanso. Pofuna kusokoneza zotsatira zake, wodwalayo ayenera kukhala kuchipatala nthawi ino. Sikulimbikitsidwa kuti musunthe mwachangu, kusuta ndi zina zotero.

Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu m'mabungwe ena azachipatala zitha kupezeka tsiku lomwelo, ma polyclinics ena tsiku lotsatira. Ngati phunziroli lidawonetsa kuti shuga mthupi la munthu patatha maola awiri kuchokera pomwe katunduyo ali wocheperako 7.8, ndiye kuti titha kunena kuti wodwalayo ali ndi thanzi, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda "okoma" ndi wotsika.

Zotsatira zikakhala pakati pa magawo 7.8 mpaka 11.1, boma la prediabetes limapezedwa, lomwe limafunikira kukonzanso kwamakhalidwe kuti aletse kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Panthawi yomwe kuyezetsa magazi kwa kumva kwa glucose kumawonetsa zotsatira za mayunitsi opitilira 11.1, ndiye kuti amakamba za matenda ashuga, ndipo kuyesedwa kumayambitsa kukhazikitsa mtundu wa matenda.

Zizindikiro za shuga wambiri

Wodwala akapezeka ndi boma la prediabetes, nthawi zambiri, samva chilichonse. Monga lamulo, prediabetes sikuwonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zazikulu.

Pamodzi ndi izi, pamene shuga ya glucose imalumphira pazovomerezeka, chithunzi chosiyana ndi zamankhwala chimawonedwa mwa odwala. Mwa odwala ena, amatha kuwonetsedwa, ndipo amawonetsetsa kwambiri kusinthasintha kwa shuga; mwa ena, pakhoza kukhala "kupendekera" kwapadera kwa zizindikiro zoyipa.

Chizindikiro choyamba chomwe chimanena za chitukuko cha matenda a shuga ndi kumva ludzu kosatha; chifukwa chake, munthu amayamba kumwa zamadzimadzi zambiri.

Thupi laumunthu likamatha kukhalanso lokha kuzimiririra lokha glucose pamlingo wofunikira, impso zimayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu kuti uchotse shuga wambiri.

Pamodzi ndi izi, pamakhala chinyezi chowonjezera kuchokera ku minofu, chifukwa chomwe munthu nthawi zambiri amapita kuchimbudzi. Ludzu limawonetsa kusowa chinyezi, ndipo ngati kunyalanyazidwa, kumadzetsa madzi am'madzi.

Zizindikiro za shuga wambiri ndi mfundo zotsatirazi:

• Kudzimva kuti watopa kungakhale chizindikiro cha kupatuka kwa shuga m'njira yayikulu. Ngati shuga safika msanga, thupi limakhala ndi vuto la kusowa kwa "zakudya".
• Chizungulire zitha kuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Kuti ubongo ugwire ntchito moyenera, umafunikira kuchuluka kwa glucose, kuchepa kwake komwe kumabweretsa chisokonezo pakugwira ntchito kwake. Chizungulire ndi matenda ashuga ndizowonjezereka, ndipo zimavutitsa munthu tsiku lonse.
• Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchuluka kwa magazi. Muzochita zamankhwala, matenda oopsa komanso matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri "amapita" limodzi.
• Zowonongeka. Munthu samawona bwino, zinthu sizili bwino, ntchentche zimawonekera pamaso pake ndi zizindikiro zina.

Ngati chimodzi mwazizindikiro zomwe zalembedwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyesedwa magazi. Kuzindikira mtundu wa hyperglycemic koyambirira kumapereka mwayi wabwino wopewa zovuta.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga zimatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa matenda ashuga. Monga lamulo, matenda omwe amadalira insulin (mtundu woyamba) amayamba mwadzidzidzi, zizindikiro za matenda zimatchulidwa komanso zimakhala pachimake.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda umayenda pang'onopang'ono, ulibe chithunzi chowoneka bwino m'magawo oyambira.

Momwe mungabwezeretsenso shuga kukhala wabwinobwino?

Mosazindikira, ngati wodwalayo ali ndi shuga ya magazi yopyola malire ovomerezeka, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu pofuna kuchepetsa, komanso kukhazikika pamlingo wofunikira.

Matenda a shuga sawopseza mwachindunji moyo wa wodwala. Komabe, matendawa amadziwika chifukwa chakuti shuga wambiri amachititsa kuti ziwalo zina zamkati zizigwira bwino ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta komanso zovuta.

Zovuta za pachimake - ketoacidosis, hyperglycemic coma, yomwe imawopseza kusokonezeka kwina m'thupi. Kunyalanyaza vutolo kumatha kubweretsa kulumala komanso kufa.

Chithandizo cha mankhwalawa chili ndi mfundo izi:

1. Ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti njira zopewera zomwe zimalepheretsa kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo amalimbikitsidwa. Izi zimaphatikizapo zakudya zoyenera, masewera, kuwongolera shuga.
2. Ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda, insulin imayikidwa nthawi yomweyo - kuchuluka, kuchuluka ndi dzina la mankhwalawa zimatsimikiziridwa payekhapazokha pamilandu-yokhudza milandu.
3. Ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, poyambira akuyesera kulimbana ndi njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Dokotala amalimbikitsa kudya komwe kumakhala chakudya chamagulu pang'ono, masewera omwe amathandizira chidwi cha minyewa.

Mosasamala mtundu wa matenda, chiwongolero cha shuga m'thupi la munthu chiyenera kukhala chatsiku ndi tsiku. Ndikofunikira kuyeza zoyezera zanu m'mawa mpaka mawa, mutatha kudya, nthawi ya nkhomaliro, musanagone, mutanyamula katundu ndi zina zotero.

Tsoka ilo, matenda ashuga ndi matenda osachiritsika, kotero njira yokhayo yokhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino komanso yokwaniritsira ndikulipiritsa, komwe kumalola kukula kwa glucose ndikukhazikika magawo a 5.5-5.8 pamlingo womwe akufuna.

Katswiri kuchokera pa kanema munkhaniyi azikambirana zofanana ndi shuga.

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda kuti muyimikize.

Shuga 5.2 mwa mwana

Ndili ndi vuto la matenda ashuga, kapamba mu thupi samagwira ntchito moyenera. Ntchito yake yayikulu imaphwanyidwa, phindu lake ndikukhalabe ndi shuga.

Ndi matenda a shuga, shuga mthupi la mwana amalipiriridwa.

Machitidwe a shuga mwa mwana

Zochitika za thupi la mwana wachichepere (mpaka zaka ziwiri) zimakhala zodziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga: shuga m'magazi ake imapezeka ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa thupi la munthu wamkulu.

Kodi shuga mumagazi ndi chiyani kwa ana? Kufikira zaka ziwiri, mulingo wachokera ku 2.78 mpaka 4,4 mmol / L, mwana kuyambira zaka ziwiri mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi - zikhalidwe ndizoyambira 3.3 mpaka 5 mmol / L, mwa ana azaka zamsukulu, zikhalidwe ndizoyambira 3.3 osati kuposa 5.5 mmol / L.

Kuti mupeze zizindikiro zoyenera, ndikofunikira kuyezetsa magazi m'mawa, pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ngati, malinga ndi kufunika kotere, shuga ndi apamwamba kuposa 6.1 mmol / l, ndiye kuti dokotala adzazindikira matenda a hyperglycemia. Ili ndi vuto lomwe mulingo wambiri wa shuga umakhala wapamwamba kuposa wabwinobwino. Ngati magazi a glucose ndi ochepera 2,5 mmol / l, ndiye kuti ndi hypoglycemia - chizindikiro cha m'magazi a shuga.

Ngati magaziwo adaperekedwa motsatira zonse zofunika (zam'mimba zopanda kanthu), ndipo kuwunika pankhaniyi kunawonetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'mwazi wa mwanayo kuyambira 5.5 mpaka 6.1 mmol / l, ndiye pamenepa dotolo adzafotokozeranso njira zina zowunika. Uku ndi kuyesa kwa glucose. Ngati shuga wambiri wamwana ndiwambiri, katundu wa glucose amayikidwa, chifukwa chake, shuga akhoza kutsitsidwa.

Kuzindikira kumachitika kwa mwanayo pazochitika zotsatirazi:

• ngati kuyezetsa kwa magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu kumawonetsa kuti shuga ndi oposa 5.5 mmol / l,
• ngati pambuyo maola awiri atayambitsidwa shuga, shuga wamagazi ali pamlingo woposa 7.7 mmol / L.

Chifukwa chiyani mwana amadwala matenda a shuga?

Kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga mwa mwana kumatha kuchitika ku mibadwo iliyonse. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika nthawi yomwe thupi la ana likukula mwachangu. Izi ndi nthawi za zaka 6-8 ndi 10, komanso nthawi yachinyamata.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga kwa ana sizimveka bwino.

Pali zinthu zina zoopsa zomwe zingayambitse kukula kwa matenda mwa mwana.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

• cholowa choyipa. Kuthekera kokuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuposa kwazonse ndipo, motero, kupangidwa kwa shuga kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri mwa ana omwe makolo awo ali ndi matenda omwewo,
• kuphwanya chakudya kagayidwe kachakudya mu thupi la mwana. Izi matenda amapezeka ndi chakudya chamagulu. Mwachidziwikire, pakakhala mapuloteni osakwanira ndi mafuta m'zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso kuchuluka kwamafuta ambiri am'mimba (izi zimaphatikizapo mbatata, pasitala, semolina, batala ndi confectionery mankhwala ndizosiyana),
• matenda opatsirana oyambitsidwa ndi mwana,
• gawo lililonse la kunenepa.
• kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri,
• kupsinjika kwa malingaliro.

Thandizani ana

Ngati shuga wambiri ndiwambiri, dokotala amakupatsani chithandizo choyenera. Kuphatikiza pa kumwa mankhwala, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kuonedwa:

• Kugwirizana ndi ukhondo wa pakhungu la mwana, komanso ma membala onse a mucous. Izi ndizofunikira kuti muchepetse kuyabwa kwa khungu ndikuletsa kupangika kwa zotupa pakhungu. Pachifukwachi, malo owuma pakhungu m'manja ndi m'miyendo ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi zonona, izi zimachepetsa kwambiri kuwonongeka kwake.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi. Dokotala atha kulimbikitsa maphunziro m'masewera aliwonse, koma izi zimachitika pokhapokha pofufuza mwanayo ndikuwunika momwe metabolic amapangira thupi.
• Kutsatira ndi zakudya zomwe adokotala amalimbikitsa. Katunduyu ndikofunika kwambiri ngati shuga wa mwana ali wokwera kwambiri.

Zakudya zamankhwala

Chithandizo cha zakudya chimakhala ndi zakudya zoyenera.Zakudya za ana zimakhala zochepa pazakudya zomanga thupi komanso mafuta.

Kwa munthu wathanzi, kudya mapuloteni tsiku ndi tsiku, mafuta ndi chakudya chamagulu kumayenera kukhala motere: 1: 1: 4. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku za iwo omwe ali ndi shuga m'magazi ndizosiyana pang'ono. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa zinthu izi ndizosiyana. Miyezo ili motere: 1: 0.75: 3.5.

Mafuta owotedwa ndi chakudya, makamaka, ayenera kukhala ochokera ku mbewu. Kuchokera pazakudya za mwana yemwe shuga yake imakwezedwa, ndi bwino kuthetseratu michere yamagetsi. Kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kukhala kwabwinobwino, mwana sayenera kudyetsedwa pasitala, semolina, zopaka makeke, zinthu zophika mkate. M nthochi ndi mphesa siziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zipatso.

Dyetsani mwana kutsatiridwa pang'onopang'ono, m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, osachepera 5 patsiku.

Thandizo pamaganizidwe

Ndikofunika ngati mwana ali ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga, ndiye kuperekera thandizo kwamalingaliro.

Ndikwabwino ngati thandizo lotere liperekedwa ndi katswiri woyenera. Chifukwa chiyani chikufunika?

Kuthandiza mwana wanu:

• osadziona kukhala wotsika
• kuvomereza ndikuzindikira kuti moyo wake udzachitika pansi pamikhalidwe yatsopano.

Kuthandiza makolo omwe ana awo ali ndi matenda ashuga, masukulu apadera amayendetsa ana okha. Mwa iwo, akatswiri amachita makalasi a ana ndi makolo, omwe amathandiza kuzolowera matendawa.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mukudziwa zonse za matendawa, muyenera kupita kusukulu ya matenda a shuga ndi mwana wanu. Ana amapeza mwayi wokumana ndi ana ena omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Izi zimawathandiza kuzindikira kuti sakhala okha, azolowera moyo watsopano mwachangu, ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, amaphunzira jakisoni payekha.

Mankhwala

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga kwa ana zimachitika nthawi zambiri mothandizidwa ndi insulin. Kuthandiza mwana, dokotala amamulembera insulini, yomwe ili ndi yochepa.

Mu 1 ml ya mankhwalawa muli 40 IU (mayunitsi apadziko lonse) a insulin.

Kodi insulin imayendetsedwa bwanji? Izi zimachitika mwanjira:

Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kusintha malo a jekeseni. Izi ndikofunikira kupewa kuti kupewetsa kwa mafuta osakanikirana. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu a insulin kuperekera mankhwala. M'malo azachipatala pamakhala mzera woti alandire. Ngati kuli kotheka, chipangizocho chitha kugulidwa palokha pachokha.

Pomaliza, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti ngati mwana wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, palibe chifukwa chokhumudwa! Moyo sutha pamenepo, unangosintha. Ndikofunikira kuti makolo akhale ndi malingaliro abwino ndikuthandizira mwana wawo mosatekeseka kuzolowera moyo watsopano.

Zingakhale bwino ngati makolowo pawokha azitsatira kadyedwe ndikutsatira zomwezo zomwe zimalimbikitsa mwana. Khalidwe lotere limatha kuyendetsa bwino moyo wake!

Zizindikiro za Mafuta Aakulu

Shuga wamagazi akamatuluka. izi zikuwonetsa hyperglycemia. Zifukwa zambiri zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, motero ndikofunikira kudziwa za iwo munthawi ndikupewa kulumpha kwakuthwa mu shuga.

Vutoli limachitika chifukwa choti munthu wakudya mopitirira muyeso, amakonda chakudya cham'mimba mosavuta, komanso chifukwa cha kupsinjika, matenda oopsa.

Ngati hyperglycemia imatenga nthawi yayitali, mavuto omwe ali ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana zama systemic amatha.

Zizindikiro za Mafuta Aakulu

1. Munthu amazunzidwa ndi ludzu lalikulu.

2. Iuma pakamwa.

3. Khungu limayereratu.

4. Kukoka pafupipafupi.

5. Voliyumu ya mkodzo imachuluka kwambiri.

6. Amakhudzidwa ndi kukodza pafupipafupi usiku.

7. Munthu amachepetsa kwambiri thupi.

8. Mutu waukulu ungachitike. chizungulire.

9. Wodwala amakhala wofooka kwambiri komanso watopa.

10. Pali mavuto m'masomphenya.

11. Mabala amachiritsa kwanthawi yayitali.

12. Nthawi zambiri munthu amadwala matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana.

Chizindikiro ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda, koma matenda a shuga amatha kutsimikiziridwa molondola poyesa shuga m'magazi, chifukwa ndi ichi muyenera glucometer. Hyperglycemia imatha kuchitika kwambiri chifukwa chakuti munthu amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chochuluka.

Mawonekedwe a kupezeka kwa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana mu shuga

Mumva ludzu chifukwa glucose amafunika madzi ambiri. Chifukwa chake, thupi limavutika ndi kusowa kwamadzi nthawi zonse, munthu amakhala ndi ludzu nthawi zonse. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi makina apakati omwe amawongolera kuchuluka kwamadzi, kotero mtundu wamtunduwu umalowa mu volumetric receptor ndi baroreceptor.

Thupi likakopa madzi ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose, limathiridwa impso kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, munthu amasokonezeka pokodza pafupipafupi. Pamene magazi.

Zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi molekyu yamadzi, munthu amakhala ndi nkhawa chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi, chifukwa madzi owonjezera nthawi zambiri samachotsedwa impso, chifukwa chake matenda oopsa ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro za matendawa. Pakamwa pouma limawonekanso chifukwa chakuti glucose amatenga madzi ambiri.

Ngati mulingo uposa 10 mmol / l, shuga wambiri amapangidwa mkodzo, zizindikirizo zimachulukirachulukira.

Munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga samataya thupi nthawi zambiri, nthawi zambiri chizindikiro ichi chimawonekera mwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, ngati insulini ipangidwa pang'ono. Shuga simalowa m'maselo, amataya mphamvu, munthu amalemera kwambiri.

Ngati munthu ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti ndi wonenepa kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, kupanga insulini ndikwabwinobwino, nthawi zina kumatha kupitirira, koma pali zovuta ndi zolandilira, kayendedwe ka ntchito sikokwanira. Glucose samadyetsa bwino maselo. Madipoziti amafuta ndiwo chimachitika chachikulu; chifukwa cha kusowa mphamvu, sikuphwanya.

Munthu akayamba kuvutitsidwa ndi ululu pamutu, kufooka kowonjezereka kumachitika, munthuyo amatopa msanga, kotero ubongo umayamba kufa ndi njala. Glucose ndi michere yomwe ndiyofunikira pakuchita kwathunthu kwamanjenje.

Ngati sikokwanira, ubongo umayamba kufunafuna mphamvu kwina, kotero mafutawa amakhatidwa. Chifukwa cha izi, ketonemia imatha kukhazikika. Kenako munthu amanunkhira acetone kuchokera mkamwa mwake. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zazikuluzakuti shuga ya magazi yakwera.

Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu yofunikira ku maselo, minofu sangathe kudzipanga yokha, chifukwa chake mabala amachira kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mlingo wa shuga ukakwera, microflora ya pathogenic imayamba kugwira ntchito mthupi, nthawi zambiri mabala amayamba kusweka.

Kuti maselo oyera azigwira ntchito mokwanira, glucose amafunikira, ngati alibe, maselo amwazi sangathe kuthana ndi mabakiteriya omwe amayamba kuchulukana mwachangu.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga kwa ana

Matendawa ndi owopsa makamaka kwa ana, sizotheka nthawi zonse kumakayikira mwana mu nthawi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi glycometer, kuyezetsa magazi a labotale.

Pankhani ya kuchuluka kwa shuga, ngati mwana samamwa madzi okwanira, amadzimeza thupi, chifukwa cha izi khungu lake limakhala lotentha komanso louma. Woopsa, adzakumana ndi kufooka, mavuto ndi ntchito zaubongo azidzachitika, kupuma kumachuluka, kugunda kwa mtima, kugunda kumafooka.

Nthawi zambiri mwana amayamba kudya, amakhala ndi nkhawa chifukwa cha ululu m'mimba komanso kusanza kwambiri. Zizindikiro zoyipa za mwana ndi mkulu zimasokonezeka chikumbumtima, kugona tulo tofa nato. kutaya chikumbumtima.

Zakudya zokhala ndi shuga wambiri

1. Ngati munthu wonenepa kwambiri, muyenera kudya zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa.

2. Onetsetsani kuti zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kukhala ndi mafuta, mapuloteni, chakudya.

4. Idyani pafupipafupi pang'ono.

5. Kukana mafuta, shuga, osuta, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, makeke, maswiti ena, sungadye zoumba zoumba. mphesa, nkhuyu. Kirimu, batala, kirimu wowawasa saloledwa.

6. Monga momwe mungathere muzakudya muyenera kuwiritsa mafuta, kuphika mbale, kumalimbikitsidwamo, kwinaku mukugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ang'onoang'ono a masamba momwe mungathere.

7. Mutha kudya nyama yokonda.

8. Pali maola atatu asanagone.

9. Kofi wakuda ndi wopanda mphamvu, tiyi amaloledwa kumwa, koma wopanda shuga, ndibwino kumwa madzi ambiri monga momwe mungatherere, mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Chifukwa chake, samalani ndi kusintha konse komwe kumakhala mwaumoyo wanu, pakagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zokayikitsa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala, perekani mayeso ofunikira a shuga.

Kodi shuga ndimagazi ndi chiyani?

Ndi shuga wamagazi, madokotala onse ndi antchito ochita opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amatanthauza shuga.

Chipangizochi ndichofunikira kwambiri kuti thupi lathu lizigwira ntchito moyenera. Glucose amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maselo ambiri mthupi lathu. Zida zazikulu zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi zamanjenje ndi minofu.

Ma cell a ubongo amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucose, ntchito yaubongo imathandizira, ndipo kusintha kumachitika.

Minofu minofu imagwiritsa ntchito shuga ngati gwero lake loyamba lamphamvu. Glucose amatanthauza chakudya cham'mimba, kuwonongeka kwake komwe kumakhala kopindulitsa kwambiri, chifukwa chake simungathe kupeza mphamvu zopangira minofu.

Nthawi zambiri, shuga wochepa kwambiri ndi 3.3 g / l. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kumeneku kumatilola kuweruza hypoglycemia (kusowa kwa shuga wamagazi). Shuga 5.5 ndiye malire kumtunda kwa chizolowezi (malingana ndi deta yaposachedwa, mawonekedwewo akweza pang'ono - mpaka 6.2).

Ndi zochulukirapo, shuga zimayikidwa mu minofu ndi minyewa yamitsempha, yomwe imatsogolera pakupanga zotupa zama minofu ndi kusokonezeka kwadongosolo.

Kodi glucose amachokera kuti? Kodi limawoneka bwanji mthupi lathu ndipo limagwira ntchito yanji?

Njira zopangira glucose

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, shuga ndi gwero lamphamvu lopangitsa minofu yambiri komanso ma cell. Mapangidwe ake amatha kupitilira zonse kuchokera ku amino acid komanso kudzera mwa biosynthesis kuchokera ku triglycerides (mamolekyu osavuta kwambiri amafuta).

Gwero lalikulu la shuga m'thupi ndi chakudya. Ndili ndi izo kuti shuga ambiri wogwiritsidwa ntchito kagayidwe amatsika. Gawo limodzi limatengedwa kupita ku maselo ndi ziwalo, ndipo chotsalacho nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa mu chiwindi monga glycogen, gulu lovuta la nyama.

Ma mahomoni awiri amalamulira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi - insulin ndi glucagon.

Insulin imathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi kuchuluka kwake mu chiwindi. Hyperacaction ya insulin ndikuwonjezereka kwake kungaweruzidwe (mosadziwika) ngati, mutatha kudya, wodwalayo amayamba kumva njala posachedwa. Chikhumbo chazakudya nthawi zambiri chimatanthawuza kuti shuga yamwazi yatsika ndipo iyenera kubwezeretsedwa.

Glucagon, m'malo mwake, imalimbikitsa kutsekeka kwa glycogen ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga mu plasma.

Kuphwanya mahomoni awa pantchito nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kukula kwa matenda a metabolic (matenda a shuga, hypo - ndi hyperglycemic chikomokere).

Chifukwa chiyani kuchuluka kwake kumatha kuwonjezeka ndipo zotsatirapo zake ndizotani chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kotere?

Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi

Ambiri amavomereza kuti shuga 5.5 ndiye malire apamwamba kwambiri. Chifukwa chiyani imatha kuchuluka?

Zinthu zotsatirazi zingayambitse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi:

• Matenda a shuga.
• Mimba
• Matenda a chiwindi.
• Kutaya magazi kwakukulu (kuchuluka kwa shuga chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi).
• Zithaphwi za kapamba.

Iliyonse ya mikhalidwe iyi imadutsa ndi chithunzi chake chapadera chazachipatala ndipo zomwe zimapangitsa chilichonse ndi chosiyana. Shuga, 5.5 g / l yomwe inali chizindikiro chodziwika bwino kwa munthu wopatsidwa, imayamba kukula bwino. Ndi kukula kwake, kusintha kosiyanasiyana m'thupi la munthu kumawonedwa.

Cholinga chachikulu cha dokotala ndikuwonetsetsa kwakanthawi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonjezeka koteroko ndikusankhidwa kwa mankhwala oyenera. Mwachitsanzo, kuyezetsa magazi kunawonetsa kuti shuga ndi 5.5. Kodi kuchuluka kwa magazi kumeneku kunganene chiyani?

Zinthu zofunika zomwe dokotala angakumane nazo ziyenera kuganiziridwanso.

Matenda a shuga

Chifukwa cha chitukuko cha shuga, pali kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga mumagazi (kuzindikiritsa kumachitika ngati shuga wapezeka pamwamba pa 11.1 g / l).

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda matendawa ndi mtheradi (mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga) kapena wachibale (mtundu 2 shuga) wa insulin.

Poyamba, izi zikutanthauza kuti mulibe insulin m'magazi (chifukwa chachikulu ndi pancreatitis). Glucose sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, imayikidwa mu minofu ndi ziwalo ndipo zovuta zotsatana zimayamba (nephropathy, retinopathy, phazi la matenda ashuga).

Kachiwiri, muli ndi insulin m'magazi, koma pazifukwa zina sangathe kuthana ndi shuga.

Mu odwala oterowo, shuga wamagazi amawonjezeredwa, ndipo amakakamizidwa kuti azikhala ndi chithandizo chamanthawi zonse ndi mankhwala ochepetsa kapena shuga.

Shuga 5.5 mu shuga ndi loto la pafupifupi wodwala aliyense. Kutsimikiza kwa ziwerengero zotere m'magazi a wodwala kumawonetsa njira yabwino ya matenda ashuga ndikuwongolera kwa chithandizo chomwe chikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Matendawa ndi mliri ndipo amapezeka mwa oimira mafuko osiyanasiyana. Akatswiri azachipatala ambiri omwe ali ndi vutoli amakhudzidwa ndi vuto la chithandizo chake komanso kafukufuku, chifukwa matenda ashuga amakhudza magulu onse a ziwalo.

Mimba

Nthawi zambiri, kukhala ndi pakati kumatha kuyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa chitetezo chathupi (pakukula kwa fetal) komanso kusintha kwa zochita zambiri za metabolic.

Shuga 5.5 pa nthawi ya pakati nthawi zambiri amakhala chizindikiro cha chizolowezi. Mwa akatswiri ena a endocrinologists, titha kumuwona ngati wochepetsedwa (kuyambira pomwe chamoyo chaching'ono chimayamba, ndipo mayi ayenera kugawana naye shuga).

Nthawi zina, kukula kwa matenda ashuga mwa amayi apakati (matenda a shuga) kumaweruzidwa. Zimachitika pamene, motsutsana ndi mbiri yakubala, kukula kwamatenda kumachitika komwe kumatha pambuyo pobadwa kwa mwana.

Shuga 5.5 panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati pa vuto la matenda osokoneza bongo amadziwika pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndikutsimikiza kwa m'mawa kuyesa magazi.

Pambuyo podya, kuchuluka kwake kumatha kuwonjezeka mpaka 10 ndi 11, koma mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oyenera a shuga, mulingo wake umacheperanso.

Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zimakhazikika pokhapokha pakubadwa kapena nthawi yoyambirira. Pafupifupi sabata pambuyo pake, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumabweranso kwazonse.

Ngati shuga lidakhalapo kale, ndiye kuti limasankhidwa ngati yachiwiri, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga kapena Mlingo wowonjezera wa insulin.

Musanakonzekere kukhala ndi pakati, muyenera kufunsa dokotala komanso dokotala wazachipatala, monga nthawi zina matenda ashuga ndi kutsutsana kwathunthu ndi kutenga pakati. Vutoli likhoza kukhala kwa onse kwa mwana yemwe akukula, ndipo makamaka kwa mayi.

Chithandizo cha odwala choterechi chiyenera kugwirizananso ndi dokotala wazamankhwala ndi othandizira kuti adziwe kuopsa kwa zotsatira za mankhwala kwa mwana wosabadwayo.

Chifukwa chiyani ndizowopsa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, shuga wabwinobwino ndi 5.5. Chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga ndi kuwonjezeka pamwamba pa 11, kapena kuwonekera kwa zotsatirazi zomwe zalembedwa pansipa.

Choyamba, kuwonjezeka kwa ndende ya magazi kumabweretsa kukula kwa microangiopathy.

Vutoli limadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi, kukhazikika kwa atrophy ndi kudzikundikira kwa zinthu za metabolic mu minofu, zomwe zimatsogolera kuwonongeka kwawo.

Zilonda zazing'ono, chinangwa cha maceration chimawonekera pamalo azotengera. Nthawi zambiri, ziwiya zazing'ono zazing'ono zimavutika.

Kukhazikika kwa shuga m'matumbo amaso kumathandizira kukulitsa retinopathy. Pankhaniyi, masomphenya amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu, mpaka khungu lathunthu. Nthawi zina, glaucoma ndi mphaka zimayamba.

Ngati pali shuga wambiri m'matumbo a impso, ndiye kuti matenda a shuga angachitike. Ntchito yamkati imalephera, zomwe zimatsogolera kukukula kwa kusakwanira kwawo. Ndi kukula kwa matenda ashuga, "kutseka" kwawo kwathunthu ndikotheka.

Vuto lalikulu kwambiri la kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi kukomoka. Ndi iyo, magazi amayenda m'mitsempha ya ubongo amayamba kukulira, ndichifukwa chake wodwalayo amasiya kudziwa. Kukula kwa chikumbumtima kumatha kukhala limodzi ndi kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa, tachycardia ndi kufupika kwa mpweya (nthawi zambiri zimawonekera pa siteji ya coma precursors). Zochitika zonse zodwala zimasokonekera, mwana amasintha moyipa pang'ono pang'ono mpaka pang'ono.

Zovuta zonsezi pakapita nthawi zimatha kubweretsa kuphwanyidwa kwakukulu kwa ziwalo zina.

Kuopsa kokhala ndi matenda ashuga mwa ana

Shuga wamagazi 5.5 ndiwenso wabwinobwino kwa thupi la mwana. Ndizovomerezeka kuti kuwonjezeka kumodzi kwa glucose sikumawonedwa ngati kwathithi, chifukwa ana ambiri amakonda maswiti. Ngati, chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana, mwana ali ndi chithunzi cha hyperglycemia m'magazi, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga 1 chiyenera kukayikiridwa.

Shuga wamagazi 5.5 mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 1 ndi osowa kwambiri. Ziwerengero zocheperako za matenda awa ndi 20-30 g / l.

Matendawa ndi owopsa chifukwa amayamba kuthamanga pa mphezi, komabe, nthawi zambiri amayambitsidwa ndi nthawi yapadera yomwe kumayimbidwa ndi kusintha kwa ndowe. Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi matenda posachedwapa.

Kuopsa kwa matenda a shuga kwa ana kumayambira, kuwonongeka kwambiri pamatendawo ndikukula. Mivuto yayikulu, makamaka chifukwa cha chikomokere, zotsatira zoyipa ndizotheka.

Mankhwalawa amachitidwa motsogozedwa ndi endocrinologist ndipo amayendetsedwa ndi mayeso ovomerezeka. Chizindikiro monga shuga 5.5 m'magazi a mwana chimawonetsa kusankha koyenera kwa mankhwalawa komanso momwe angachitire ndi mankhwalawo.

Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi

Kodi pali kusiyana kulikonse pakati pa kuchuluka kwa shuga mumagazi ndi amuna ndi akazi?

Madokotala onse amati shuga ya m'magazi 5.5 mwa akazi, komanso mwa amuna, ndi chizindikiro cha chizolowezi. Komabe, muyezo uwu waphunziridwa ndikupangidwa ndi bungwe la zaumoyo padziko lonse lapansi.

Panthawi yodziwitsa, chinthu chimodzi chofunikira sichinaganiziridwe - ntchito yakuthupi. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala otanganidwa ndi ntchito zofunikira zolimbitsa thupi.

Kuti achite ntchito ngati imeneyi, minofu yawo imafunikira mphamvu zambiri.

Monga ndanenera, shuga ndi gawo labwino kwambiri lamphamvu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake shuga m'magazi 5.5 mwa amuna ali ndi ufulu wotengedwa ngati wabwinobwino, koma osati chizindikiro chokwanira. Ndi chifukwa chake, komanso chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ma reagents ena, kuwonjezeka kwa shuga wabwinobwino pakadali pano kumayesedwa mpaka 6.2.

Kulekerera shuga

Mu endocrinology yamakono, pali lingaliro la "kuloleza kwa glucose". Imagwira ntchito poti mayeso angapo a magazi amawonetsa shuga wambiri, mulingo womwe umakhala wokwera kuposa zofunikira zovomerezeka komanso zosafunikira pakukula kwa matenda a shuga.

Kodi kafukufuku wotere amachitika bwanji?

M'mawa, pamimba yopanda kanthu, wodwalayo anayeza shuga. Zitatha izi, wodwalayo amamwa madzi a shuga (75 g shuga kapena glucose pa 100 ml yamadzi). Pambuyo pake, theka lililonse la ora, shuga amakhala wotsimikiza.

Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kuyesedwa, zinavumbulutsidwa kuti maola awiri atatha shuga, shuga ndi 5.5. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Kupeza shuga yofanana ndikuwonetsa kuti kapamba adapanga insulin yokwanira kuti athetse shuga omwe akubwera, mwachitsanzo, kuyesa kwa glucose sikunawonetse zovuta zilizonse.

Ngati kuchuluka kwakukula kwa glucose kunawonedwa (mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pa theka la ola mulingo wake unali 7, ndipo patatha maola awiri - 10.5), ndiye kuti titha kuweruza za kulolerana kwa shuga, komwe kumatha kuonedwa ngati chofunikira pa matenda a shuga.

Chithandizo cha kulekerera kwamkati chimachitika ndi mankhwala omwewo monga matenda a shuga (kupatulapo insulin, yomwe imapangidwira mawonekedwe okhwima).

Zoyenera kuchita ndi shuga wamkulu?

Nthawi zambiri, odwala amamva ngati pali kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi awo. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi ludzu lochulukirapo, khungu lowuma, kupita kuchimbudzi pafupipafupi.

Ngati chithunzi chachipatala chotere chikuwoneka, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti mumupimire mwatsatanetsatane.

Mwachitsanzo, panthawi yamankhwala (malinga ngati wodwalayo adalandira chithandizo cham'mimba, pamimba yopanda kanthu), atatha kuyesa, shuga 5.5 adatsimikizika. Izi ndizambiri, m'mawa payenera kukhala ndi shuga wambiri. Ndizotheka kale kukayikira mavuto ena ndi kapamba komanso kuperewera kwa shuga.

Ngati, mwa kusanthula mobwerezabwereza, glucose anali mkati mwa malire abwinobwino, ndipo mulingo wake sunapitirire kuchuluka kokwanira pazomwe zikuchitika, ndiye kuti simuyenera kudandaula - palibe shuga.

Zikatero, kuunikira mobwerezabwereza ndikuwonetsa shuga wokwanira, mutha kuganiza za njira yovuta kwambiri.

Apa gawo lofunikira lidzasewera anamnesis - m'badwo wa wodwala, genetics, kukhalapo kwa matenda opatsirana.

Ngati wodwala sanakwanitse zaka 40, cholowa chake sichikhala cholemetsa, koma padakali pano pakhala matenda, ndiye kuti titha kuwunika momwe matenda a shuga achinyamatawa amakhalira. Ngati zaka zitha kupitirira 40, pamakhala matenda ena a machitidwe ena ndi ziwalo zina, ndipo makolo a wodwalayo anali ndi matenda a shuga.

Munthawi zonsezi, ndikofunikira kupereka mankhwala othandizira kukonza. Mankhwala osankhidwa bwino, komanso kadyedwe, nthawi zambiri odwala amawona zabwino pamankhwala.

Muyezo wa shuga mwa ana mu kusala magazi pazaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi zaka zina

Masiku ano, pali chizolowezi “chobwezeretsanso” matenda ambiri, omwe amayambitsa nkhawa yayikulu pakati pa ana. Chifukwa chake, amalimbikitsa makolo kuti abweretse ana awo kuchipatala panthawi yoyesa ndi mayeso onse ofunikira. Ndipo osati malo omaliza pa mndandanda wa ntchito izi amakhala ndi kuwunika kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa shuga m'mwazi wa mwana.

Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufukuyu, titha kumvetsetsa ngati pali chizolowezi chopanga matenda a shuga kapena ayi. Chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira kudziwa phindu la chizindikiro ichi? Monga mukudziwa, gwero lalikulu lamphamvu mthupi ndi glucose.

Amadyetsedwa ndi minofu ya muubongo, imatenga nawo mbali machitidwe a metabolism ndi kapangidwe ka polysaccharides, omwe ali gawo la tsitsi, ma ligaments ndi cartilage.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachepera kwambiri pazomwe zimachitika, matenda ashuga amatha - matenda owopsa omwe angayambitse kusagwira bwino kwa ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe mthupi la mwana.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo?

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka mwa ana omwe adwala ma virus. Potengera kuti glucose wamagazi mwa mwana ndi pafupifupi 10 mmol / l kapena kuposa, muyenera kufunsa katswiri mwachangu. Makolo a ana ayenera kudziwa kuti shuga ikhoza kubadwa.

Choyambitsa chibadwa nthawi zina chimawonetsedwa ndi zotupa zazikulu zamkati ndi zida zake zamkati. Ngati makolo onsewo adapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti mwina matendawa 30% amatenga mwana wawo, pomwe m'modzi mwa makolo ndi omwe amakhudzidwa, mwanayo adzapezidwanso chimodzimodzi.

Matenda akapezeka m'modzi mwa mapasa awiriwo, mwana wathanzi amakhalanso pachiwopsezo. Ndi matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wachiwiri, mwana wachiwiri amadwala mu 50% ya matenda, ndipo amayamba kudwala matenda a shuga 2, mwayi wopewera matendawa ndi wofanana ndi 0, makamaka ngati mwana wonenepa kwambiri.

Machitidwe a shuga m'magazi mwa mwana

Thupi la ana aang'ono limakonda kuthana ndi shuga m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri, chizindikirochi mu makanda ndi ana oyambira masukulu amatha kukhala ocheperako poyerekeza ndi akulu. Chifukwa chake, kusanthula kumeneku kungathe kuwonetsa izi: mu makanda - 2.78-4.4 mmol / l, mwa ana a zaka 2-6 - 3.3-5 mmol / l, mwa ana a sukulu - 3,3-5,5 mmol / l

Kuti mupeze zambiri zolondola, kuyezetsa kuyenera kuchitidwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ngati pamimba yopanda kanthu chizindikirocho chimadutsa 6.1 mmol / l, ndiye kuti titha kulankhula za hyperglycemia - kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa mwana. Kuwerenga m'munsimu 2,5 mmol / L kungasonyeze hypoglycemia.

Ngati mwana wapereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu ndipo mayesowo akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga pamlingo wa 5.5-6.1 mmol / l, funso limakhala loyesa mayeso okhudzana ndi glucose pakamwa. Chizindikiro ichi mu ana ndichambiri kwambiri kuposa achikulire. Chifukwa chake, mwachizolowezi shuga m'magawo awiri pambuyo poti magalimoto a shuga atha kuchepetsedwa.

Mwanjira yomwe mwana ali ndi m'mimba yopanda magazi yokhala ndi shuga wambiri 5.5 mmol / L ndiwokwera, ndipo patatha maola awiri kuchokera pakubweza kwa glucose kuposa 7.7 mmol / L, mwanayo amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga.

Zindikirika bwanji?

Kupanga matenda otere kwa ana ndi akulu onse, kuyesa kamodzi kwa shuga sikokwanira. Kupatula apo, kupatuka kwa chizindikiro ichi kuchokera ku chizolowezi kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zifukwa zina, mwachitsanzo:

• shuga wambiri m'magazi amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi chakudya patatsala pang'ono kuyesedwa,
• kuchuluka kwambiri - mwamaganizidwe ndi thupi,
• matenda a endocrine ziwalo - adrenal tiziwalo timene timatulutsa, chithokomiro England,
• khunyu
• matenda a kapamba
• kumwa mankhwala ena
• kupatuka pa mtengo wabwinobwino ndikotheka chifukwa cha poyizoni wa carbon monoxide.

Pomwe pakufunika kufananizira zotsatira za maphunziro angapo, zomwe zimaperekedwa m'magawo osiyanasiyana a muyeso, zimachitika motere: zotsatira za mg / 100 ml, mg / dl kapena mg% zimagawika ndi nambala 18. Zotsatira zake ndi mtengo wa mmol / l.

Nthawi ndi zopatuka

Mwazi wamagazi umaperekedwa m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Koma kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika madzulo kumapeto kwa phunziroli, simungathe kudya zakudya zokhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri. Ngati munthu adya chakudya, shuga amadzuka kwambiri, kuphatikiza mwa munthu wathanzi. Zimakhala zabwinobwino pang'onopang'ono, patatha maola ochepa.

Pali chikhalidwe china chomwe chimasala glucose wamagazi pamalire ake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chizindikirocho ndi 5.3-5.7 mmol / L. Vutoli limatengedwa ngati prediabetes. Ngati mulingo suli wapamwamba kuposa 5 mmol / l, ndiye mwazonse.

Mndandanda wa shuga wopatuka pamimba yopanda kanthu ndipo mutatha kudya.

Gome likuwonetsa kuti shuga mutatha kudya amayamba kuchepa pang'onopang'ono. Ngati munthu akukhala ndi matenda a prediabetes, chizindikiro sichibwerera mwachizolowezi. Ili pamalire apansi.

Zotheka

Pali zifukwa zambiri zoyambitsa matenda a prediabetes.

Nthawi yopereka magaziNormMatenda a shuga Pamimba yopanda kanthu3,3-5,55,3-5,7 Ola limodzi mutatha kudya8,7-8,99,5-11,1 Patatha maola awiri mutadya7,5-8,68,7-9,4 Maola atatu mutatha kudya5,4-7,47,1-8,6 Maola 4 mutatha kudya4,2-5,35,3-5,7

Gome likuwonetsa kuti shuga mutatha kudya amayamba kuchepa pang'onopang'ono. Ngati munthu akukhala ndi matenda a prediabetes, chizindikiro sichibwerera mwachizolowezi. Ili pamalire apansi.

Kuzindikira matenda ashuga

Kuti muzindikire wodwala matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kutenga magazi kuti muwoneke. Pakadali pano, njira zosagwiritsa ntchito zachuma (popanda kuwononga khungu), koma zambiri sizinafotokozedwe m'gulu. Kuwunikako kumatha kuchitika onse mu labotale komanso kunyumba.

Mwa njira zilizonse zodziwira chizindikiro, ndikofunikira kuti muwunike m'mawa popanda kanthu. Tsiku loti lisanachitike phunziroli, chotsani zakudya zonse zomwe zili ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri.

Mimbulu, capillary, magazi a venous amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mtsempha sugwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, chifukwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumadalira zotsatira za enzymatic zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti chizindikirocho sicholondola. Kunyumba, ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito magazi a capillary, mu labotale - venous.

Kuti muzindikire mtundu wa shuga, ndikofunikira kupenda kapamba ndi mahomoni omwe amapanga (insulin). Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, gland imadziwonongeka, maselo ake a beta amatulutsa timadzi tambiri tambiri, kapena ayi. Mtundu 2 wa shuga, ntchito ya insulin imachepa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ilipo m'magazi, koma osatulutsa shuga m'maselo.

Njira yotsitsimutsa

Mwa njira, magazi ndi mkodzo amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Phunziroli limatengera kukhathamiritsa kwa glucose pamaso pa enzyme glucose oxidase. Pankhaniyi, hydrogen peroxide imapangidwa. Pa kuchitapo, kwachilengedwenso madzimadzi madontho.

Mtundu woyerekeza umayerekezeredwa ndi chithunzi choyimira, ndiye kuti, pamthunzi uliwonse mtengo womwe umakhala ndi mawonekedwe.

Zoyenera kuchita kuti muchepetse shuga

Systemic mankhwala apanga zochizira hyperglycemia. Iyenera kuchitika mochulukirapo kuti muchepetse kuthekera konse kowonjezera shuga m'magazi.

• Zakudya Cholinga chake ndikuchotsa kwathunthu chakudya chamafuta kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwawo muzakudya. Munthu yemwe ali ndi chizolowezi cha hyperglycemia ayenera kuwongolera chindoko cha glycemic. Uku ndi kuthekera kwa zinthu zomwe zikubwera kuti zikhudze shuga la magazi. Muffin, zakudya zamafuta, maswiti, zipatso zotsekemera, koloko sakhazikitsidwa.
• Zochita zolimbitsa thupi. Ayenera kupezeka m'moyo wa anthu, koma pamavuto ang'onoang'ono. Izi ndichifukwa choti ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, mphamvu zowonjezereka zimapangidwa, momwe glucose amafunikira. Kuti alipirire vutoli, chiwindi chimayamba kupanga zochulukirapo, zomwe sizimva.
• Mankhwala a insulin. Kubweretsa mahomoni kumachitika tsiku lililonse, nthawi iliyonse mukatha kudya. Mwina kugwiritsa ntchito pampu ya insulin. Ichi ndi kapisozi komwe kamayenera pansi pa khungu. Amatulutsa timadzi tambiri mu zinthu zofunika nthawi zonse.

Ndi kukula kwa prediabetes, wodwalayo amasokonezeka. Pali kufooka, malaise, chizungulire. Vutoli liyenera kuthandizidwa mosachedwa, chifukwa limatha kukhala shuga. Kuti muchite izi, pitani kwa dokotala kapena endocrinologist. Ndikofunikira kudutsa mayeso onse a labotale kuti mutsimikizire kupezeka kwa matenda.

Matenda a shuga nthawi zonse amayambitsa zovuta zakupha. Mwazi wamagazi ochulukirapo ndi woopsa kwambiri.

Aronova S.M. adafotokoza za chithandizo cha matenda ashuga. Werengani kwathunthu

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani?

Mwazi wamwazi ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu. Mtengo wa glucose (shuga - amene atchulidwa) m'magazi, nthawi zambiri, amayeza milili imodzi pa lita imodzi kapena ma milligram pa desilita iliyonse. Kwa anthu, kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi kumayambira 3,6 mmol / L (65 mg / dl) mpaka 5.8 mmol / L (105 mg / dl). Zachidziwikire, mtengo wofanana ndi wa aliyense payekha.

Momwe thupi limalamulira shuga

Ndikofunikira kuti mulingo wapa shuga ukhale wabwinobwino. Sayenera kuloledwa kukwera pang'ono kapena kutsika pang'ono, ngati imagwera kwambiri ndikupitilira zomwe sizingachitike, zotsatira zake zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri:

• Chisokonezo, kutaya chikumbumtima ndipo pambuyo pake - chikomokere.
• Ngati shuga ndiwakwezeka, umatha kuchita mdima ndi khungu pamaso panu, mudzakhala mutatopa kwambiri.

Mfundo Zoyang'anira

Kuti tisunge shuga m'magazi, kapamba wathu amapanga mahomoni awiri omwe amasungika pamlingo woyenera - ndi insulin ndi glucagon (polypeptide hormone).

Insulin ndi timadzi tomwe timatulutsa ma cell a pancreatic omwe amatulutsidwa poyankha glucose. Maselo ambiri mthupi lathu amafunika insulini, kuphatikizapo: maselo amafuta, maselo am'mimba, ndi maselo a chiwindi. Izi ndi mapuloteni (protein), omwe ali ndi mitundu 51 ya amino acid ndipo amagwira ntchito zotsatirazi:

• Amauza maselo am'mimba ndi a chiwindi kuti azisonkhanitsa shuga osandulika monga glucogen.
• Zimathandizira maselo amafuta kupanga mafuta kudzera pakusintha kwa glycerol ndi mafuta acids.
• Imalangiza impso ndi chiwindi kuti ziyimitse kupanga shuga wawo pogwiritsa ntchito michere (gluconeogeneis).
• Imayendetsa maselo am'mimba ndi chiwindi kuti ipange mapuloteni kuchokera ku amino acid.

Kufotokozera mwachidule pamwambapa, titha kunena kuti insulin imathandizira thupi kuyamwa michere mutatha kudya, kutsitsa shuga m'magazi, ma amino acid ndi mafuta acids.

Glucagon ndi mapuloteni opangidwa ndi maselo a alpha. Ponena za kuchuluka kwa shuga, imakhudzanso chimodzimodzi ndi maselo, koma zosiyana ndi insulin. Mkulu wa shuga akakhala wochepa, glucogen imalangiza minofu ndi maselo a chiwindi kuti azitha kugwiritsira ntchito glucose mwa glucogen, mwa glycogenolysis. Imayendetsa impso ndi chiwindi kuti ipange shuga wayo ndi gluconeogeneis.

Zotsatira zake, glucagon amatenga glucose kuchokera kumagulu osiyanasiyana mkati mwa thupi lathu kuti azitha kuisunga bwino. Ngati izi sizingachitike, ndiye kuti shuga adzakhala otsika kwambiri.

Kodi thupi limamvetsetsa bwanji ngati kuli kofunikira kuteteza shuga?

Masana, kulumikizana kwabwino pakati pa insulin ndi glucogen kumakhalabe m'magazi. Timapereka zitsanzo za zomwe zimachitika mthupi mutatha kudya. Mukatha kudya, thupi lanu limalandira ma amino acid, mafuta acid ndi glucose kuchokera ku chakudya. Thupi limawasanthula ndikuyambitsa ma cell a beta mu kapamba wanu kuti apange insulin m'magazi. Njirayi imawuza kapamba kuti asasungire glucogen kuti apangitse thupi kugwiritsa ntchito shuga monga chakudya. Insulin imakwera ndi misempha ya shuga ndikuyitsogolera ku maselo a minofu, chiwindi kuti chigwiritse ntchito ngati mphamvu. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchuluka kwa glucose, amino acid ndi mafuta acid m'magazi kumayendetsedwa kupitirira zomwe sizinachitike ndipo kumathandizira kuti shuga ikhalebe yokhazikika.

Pali nthawi zina zomwe mumadumphirako chakudya chanu cham'mawa kapena usiku thupi lanu limafunikira zina zowonjezera kuti mukhalebe ndi shuga kuti mukadye chakudya chotsatira. Mukamadya, maselo a thupi lanu amafunikirabe glucose kuti azigwira ntchito moyenera. Shuga wamagazi akatsika chifukwa chosowa chakudya, maselo a pancreatic alpha amayamba kupanga glucogen kotero kuti insulini imaleka kupanga ndikulamula chiwindi ndi impso kuti zitulutse glucose m'masitolo a glucogen kudzera mu njira ya metabolic. Izi zimathandizira kuti shuga ikhale yolimba komanso kupewa mavuto osagwirizana ndi thanzi.

Zomwe shuga mumagazi zimadziwika kuti ndizabwinobwino

Kuzungulira kwa shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu mwa munthu wathanzi kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 3.6 ndi 5.8 mmol / l (65 ndi 105 mg / dl).

Sutra pamimba yopanda kanthu, chizolowezi cha shuga m'magulu amuna ndi akazi achikulire chizikhala pakati pa 3,8 ndi 6.0 mmol / l (68 ndi 108 mg / dl).

Maola awiri atatha kudya kapena zakumwa zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chochuluka, zipatsozo ziyenera kukhala kuchokera pa 6.7 mpaka 7.8 mmol / l (kuyambira 120 mpaka 140 mg / dl).

Mwazi wa m'magazi mwa ana a zaka 6 ndi ocheperapo amawonedwa kuti ali pakati pa 5 mmol / L (100 mg / dl) ndi 10 mmol / L (180 mg / dl) asanadye. Asanagone, izi ziyenera kukhala 6.1 mmol / L (110 mg / dl) mpaka 11.1 mmol / L (200 mg / dl).

Mwa ana kuyambira zaka 6 mpaka 12, msinkhu wa shuga uyenera kukhala pakati pa 5 mmol / L (90 mg / dl) ndi 10 mmol / L (180 mg / dl), asanagone 5.5 mmol / L (100 mg / dl) ndi 10 mmol / l (180 mg / dl). Kwa ana a zaka zapakati pa 13 ndi 19, manambala ayenera kukhala ofanana ndi achikulire.

Chidule cha shuga (shuga)

Kuwerenga shuga ndikulongosola pang'ono zomwe akukambirana

Mitengo ya shuga pokhudzana ndi chiwopsezo chaumoyo

Wanjala

Ngati mumakhala ndi ludzu pafupipafupi, mwina mumakhala ndi shuga, zomwe zimatha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga. Thupi likalephera kukhala ndi shuga mokwanira, impso zanu zimayamba kugwira ntchito kwambiri kuti zitha kusefukira. Pakadali pano, amamwa chinyezi chowonjezereka kuchokera ku zimakhala, zomwe zimatsogolera kukodza pafupipafupi. Ludzu ndi chizindikiro chobwezeretsanso madzi osowa. Ngati sikokwanira, kusowa kwamadzi kumachitika.

Kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso komanso kumva kuti mwatopa kungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga. Shuga akamalowa m'maselo, koma amangokhala m'magazi, samalandira mphamvu zokwanira. Chifukwa chake, mutha kumva kuti mwatopa pang'ono kapena mwatopa kwambiri mpaka mukufuna kugona.

Chizungulire

Kumva kusokonezeka kapena chizungulire kungakhale chizindikiro cha shuga wambiri. Shuga ndiyofunikira kuti ubongo wanu uzigwira bwino ntchito, ndipo kuchepa kwake kungakhale koopsa, mpaka pazovuta zomwe zimagwira, ngati simumvera izi. Ngakhale kapu yokhazikika yamadzi amtundu wa zipatso imatha kubweretsanso shuga munthawi yochepa. Ngati chizungulire chayamba kukuvutitsani, funsani dokotala kuti akonze zakudya zanu kapena chithandizo chambiri.

Mukuyiwala

Shuga wambiri komanso kupanikizika kophatikizana kumatha kuwononga ziwalo zanu zamaso ndikuthandizira kuti musamaone bwino. Matenda a shuga a retinopathy amachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi mkati mwa diso, lomwe limakhala vuto lambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamono. Chingwe pamaso pa maso, madontho, mizere kapena kuwala kwake ndi chizindikiro cholumikizirana ndi dokotala.

Komanso Zizindikiro zina, monga:

• Mavuto am'mimba (kutsegula m'mimba, kudzimbidwa, kugona),
• Kuchepetsa thupi kwambiri
• Matenda a pakhungu
• Mabala osaphimbidwa.

Chofunikira: Zizindikiro za matenda am'mimba zoyamba zimawonetsedwa kwambiri, zimatchulidwa komanso ndizokhalitsa. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, zizindikiro zimawoneka pang'onopang'ono, zimakhala zovuta kudziwa, sizingawoneke konse.

Momwe mungayesere shuga

Ndiosavuta kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, chifukwa pamakhala zida zapadera, zapadera - glucometer. Chida chilichonse chotere chimakhala chokwanira ndimayeso apadera.

Kuti muyeze pa Mzere, ndikofunikira kuthira magazi ochepa. Chotsatira, muyenera kuyika Mzere mu chipangizocho. Pakadutsa masekondi 5-30, chipangizocho chimayenera kupanga ndikuwonetsa zotsatira za kuwunika.

Njira yabwinoko yotengera magazi kuchokera kumunwe wanu ndi kumuboola ndi lancet yapadera, yomwe imagwira ntchitozi. Mukaboola chala, ndikofunikira kuti musanachiritse malo omwe amapangidwako ndi mowa wamankhwala.

Malangizo posankha chida:
Pali mitundu yayikulu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe. Kuti musankhe yoyenera, ndibwino kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu ndikufotokozeranso zabwino za mtunduwu kuposa ena.

Momwe mungachepetse shuga

Milingo ya shuga imayeza pamimba yopanda kanthu. Mwa munthu wathanzi, kuchuluka kwa shuga kwamwazi ndi 3.6 - 5.8 mmol / l (65 - 105 mg / dl). Kuwona mulingo wake, titha kunena kuti zotsatirazi zikhale mfundo zitatu:

• Shuga wabwinobwino (shuga wamagazi pamimba yopanda kanthu).
• Kuphwanya kwa glycemia - prediabetes (glucose pamimba yopanda kanthu imakwezedwa mpaka mtengo wokwera kuchokera pa 6.1 mpaka 6.9 mmol / l (kuchokera 110 mpaka 124 mg / dl).
• Matenda a shuga (shuga ochulukirapo amafikira 7.0 mmol / L (126 mg / dl) kapena apamwamba).

Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi anu kuli pamlingo wambiri - gawo la prediabetes, izi sizitanthauza kuti mudzakhala ndi matenda ashuga mtsogolo.

Uwu ndi nthawi yoyambira kutsata njira yogwirira ntchito ndikuchiritsidwa matenda asanayambe kukula ndikuyamba, ndipo mwina kupeweratu.

Dr. Greg Geretive, Mtsogoleri wa Dipatimenti ya Endocrinology ku Chipatala cha St. Peter, Albany, New York.

Kuti magazi azikhala abwinobwino, muyenera:

• Muzikhala ndi thupi lokwanira
• M'pofunika kudya moyenera, kutsatira zakudya zapadera (zomwe zimaphatikizapo masamba ambiri, zipatso, CHIKWANGWANI, zopatsa mphamvu zochepa, mafuta, mowa sunaperekedwe),
• Gona mokwanira ndikupeza nthawi yokwanira yopumira:
  • pita ukagone nthawi yomweyo, ukagone osayang'ana pa TV TV, kompyuta kapena foni yako,
  • osamwa khofi mutatha kudya,
• Kuphunzitsa osachepera mphindi 30 patsiku (kuphatikizapo masewera olimbitsa thupi, masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi masewera ena olimbitsa thupi.

Kukonzekera koyenera ndi zotsatira zake.

Kuti mupeze zambiri, musanadutsa mayeso, malamulo ena ayenera kusungidwa:

1. Osamamwa mowa maola 24 maphunziro asanafike. Ngakhale pokhudzana ndi ana, lamuloli silothandiza.
2. Nthawi yomaliza mwana ayenera kudyetsedwa maola 8-12 asanaperekedwe magazi. Zamadzimadzi zimatha kumwa, koma madzi ochepa okha.
3. Musamawotseke mano musanapime mayeso, chifukwa mano onse ali ndi shuga, omwe amatha kumamwa kudzera pakamwa ndikuwongolera zomwe zikuwonetsa. Pazifukwa zomwezo, kuletsa kumakhudzanso chingamu.

Pa kafukufukuyu, zitsanzo zamagazi zimachitika kuchokera chala. Kuyesa kwa magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha kumachitika ndi chosanthula chokha. Phunziro lotere silikhala labwino nthawi zonse, chifukwa pamafunika magazi ambiri kuti achititse.

Masiku ano ndizotheka kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, mumafunika glucometer - chida chonyamula zinthu chomwe chitha kugulidwa ku pharmacy.

Komabe, zotsatira zomaliza zitha kuperekedwa ndi zolakwika zina zomwe zimachitika, monga lamulo, chifukwa chakuti chubu chokhala ndi zingwe zoyesera sichitseke zolimba kapena kusungidwa poyera.

Zingwe zoyeserera siziyenera kukhala kunja, chifukwa chamachitidwe amtundu omwe amachititsa kuti katundu awonongeke.

Kafukufuku wowonjezera

Kafukufuku wowonjezera akuchitika kuti azindikire mtundu wotsika wa matenda ashuga. Uku ndikuyesa kulolera kwa glucose. Choyamba, zindikirani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti mumawunika pambuyo pa mphindi 60, 90 ndi 120, limodzi ndi kuyamwa kwa madzi amchere a shuga.

Chiyeso china ndikutsimikiza kwa glycosylated hemoglobin m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri, amapanga 4.8-5.9% ya ndende yonse ya hemoglobin. Zotsatira zake, mutha kudziwa ngati shuga wa magazi adakwera miyezi 3 kusanachitike.

Osazengereza kuyeserera kwa mwana wanu! Matendawo akangopezeka ndi matendawa, mwana amathandizidwa posachedwa, mankhwala osankhidwa komanso chithandizo chamankhwala. Thanzi la mwana wanu lili m'manja mwanu.

Kodi shuga mumagazi mumakhala chiyani ana akamaliza kudya ndipo zomwe zingachitike zingasonyeze chiyani?

Kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi ndi chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa chakudya m'thupi.

Choyambitsa matendawa nthawi zambiri ndimavuto obadwa nawo.

Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga pamkhalidwe wotere, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa osati miyambo yokhazikika ya shuga, komanso zomwe chikhalidwe cha shuga chamagulu mwa ana mutatha kudya.

Mulingo wa shuga: zomwe makolo ayenera kudziwa

Ngati m'modzi kapena abale ake apafupi a mwanayo akudwala matenda ashuga, izi zikutanthauza kuti wachibale wachinyamata ali pachiwopsezo, ndipo amayenera kumuyesa pafupipafupi kuposa anzawo.

Kuyeserera pafupipafupi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala, koma nthawi zambiri, kupereka magazi kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa shuga kumachitika kangapo pachaka.

Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kwa ana kumasintha masana, zinthu zambiri zimawalimbikitsa, kotero, kuti apange chithunzi chofunikira, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo operekera biomaterial, komanso malingaliro ena a madokotala.

Kuopsa kwa moyo ndi thanzi la mwana sikuti ndikungowonjezera chabe, komanso ndi shuga wamagazi.

Kuti zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zikhale zofunikira momwe mungathere, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyeseza pamalo omwewo - nthawi zambiri zotsatirazi zimasiyanasiyana kutengera ndi omwe Laborator adatulutsa.

Mitundu ya shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu

Asanadziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi atatha kudya, dokotala amalimbikitsa kuti ayesetse mayeso a m'mimba yopanda kanthu.

Asanapereke magazi, mwana sangadyetsedwe kwa maola khumi (kwa ana nthawi imeneyi imachepetsedwa mpaka maola atatu). Mwa zakumwa zakumwa zoyera zokha ndi zovomerezeka.

Kusala miyezo ya shuga kwa ana:

• chatsopano: kuyambira 1.7 mpaka 4.2 mmol / l,
• makanda: 2.5-4.65 mmol / l,
• kuyambira miyezi 12 mpaka zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi: 3.3-5.1 mmol / l,
• kuyambira zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi mpaka khumi ndi ziwiri: 3.3-5.6 mmol / l,
• kuyambira zaka khumi ndi ziwiri: 3.3-5.5 mmol / l.

Musanayesedwe, sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti musambe mano, chifukwa mano a ana amakhala ndi zotsekemera zambiri, zomwe zimatha kupotoza zotsatira za mayesowo.

Ngati mayeso apatuka kuchoka pachizolowezi, sizitanthauza kuti mwana ali ndi vuto lalikulu. Kusokonekera kwa zotsatira kumatha kukhudzidwa ndi: kudwala, kuphwanya boma la ntchito ndikupuma, kupsinjika, kusowa tulo, kumwa madzi ambiri ndi zina.

Mwazi wamagazi mwa ana atatha kudya

Choyamba, mwana amafunika kuyesedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, kenako ndi katundu (wogwiritsa ntchito glucose ufa wosungunuka m'madzi). Pambuyo pothana ndi vutoli, pamafunika maola awiri magazi asanatenge.

Ngati chizindikiro chokhala ndi katundu sichidutsa 7 mmol / l, izi zikuwonetsa kuti thanzi la mwana ndilabwino. Ngati chizindikirocho chiri pamwamba 11 mmol / l, izi zikuwonetsa chizolowezi chokhala ndi matenda ashuga.

Ngati tizingolankhula za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa ana mutatha kudya, ndiye kuti mayendedwe ake pano ndi awa:

• ola limodzi mutatha kudya, shuga sayenera kupitirira 7.7 mmol / l,
• patatha maola awiri mutatha kudya, chizindikiro sichiyenera kupitirira 6.6 mmol / L.

Pali miyambo ina yomwe imawerengera malingaliro a endocrinologists omwe amakhulupirira kuti shuga m'magazi mwa ana, mosasamala kanthu za kudya, ayenera kukhala 0,6 mmol / L ochepera kuposa mwa akulu.

Poterepa, malamulo ndi osiyana pang'ono:

• Pakatha mphindi makumi asanu ndi limodzi chakudya, shuga sayenera kupitirira 7 mmol / l,
• atatha mphindi zana limodzi ndi makumi awiri: osapitirira 6 mmol / l.

Makhalidwe enieni amatengera mtundu wa chakudya chomwe wodwala watenga, momwe dongosolo lake la endocrine limagwirira ntchito, etc.

Kuti azindikire ndi kudwala momwe wodwalayo alili, nthawi zambiri madokotala samayamba kuyesa kuchuluka kwa shuga atatha kudya. Monga lamulo, pamenepa, kuchuluka kwa shuga pambuyo poyamwa shuga kumatsimikizika, komanso zizindikiro zina.

Zizindikiro za nkhawa

Osowa kwambiri, kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa endocrine metabolism mwa ana ndi asymptomatic, chifukwa chake makolo ayenera kulabadira izi: -

• mwana amakhala ndi ludzu pafupipafupi, ngakhale sanachite masewera olimbitsa thupi, osathamanga, sanadye mchere, etc.
• mwana amakhala ndi njala nthawi zonse, ngakhale adadya theka la ola lapitalo. Kulemera, ngakhale ndi chidwi chambiri, nthawi zambiri sizichitika,
• kukodza pafupipafupi
• pali mavuto amawonedwe
• pafupipafupi matenda opatsirana
• pafupipafupi matenda apakhungu
• ana ena amalephera kuchita zinthu kwa maola angapo atadya, amafuna kugona kapena kungopuma,
• ana ena (makamaka ang'onoang'ono) amatha kumva kuwawa, kusangalala
• Kulakalaka kwambiri maswiti ndi chizindikiro china chakuti mwana akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la metabolism la endocrine.

Chifukwa chiyani hyperglycemia imachitika mwa ana? Tikulemba zifukwa zazikulu:

Kupeza zomwe zimayambitsa kupatuka kwa zizindikiro kuchokera ku chizolowezi ndi ntchito yaukadaulo wodalirika wa endocrinologist. Nthawi zambiri matenda a shuga kwa ana amakula msanga, choncho muyenera kupita kwa dokotala posachedwa.

Ngati shuga ndi ochepa

Mwa ana a mibadwo yosiyana, sikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga wamagazi, komanso hypoglycemia.

Zoyambitsa hypoglycemia:

• kuphwanya kusokonezeka kwa chakudya ndi michere ya kapamba,
• kapamba, colitis, gastroenteritis, malabsorption syndrome, komanso matenda ena akuluakulu am'mimba,
• Matenda a adrenal gland kapena kapamba, kuphatikizapo matenda osokoneza bongo,
• kusala
• poyizoni wamkulu ndi kuledzera komwe kumayambitsa,
• kunenepa kwambiri komwe kumachitika chifukwa chosagwiritsa ntchito mafuta osavuta a mafuta,
• matenda a m'magazi: lymphoma, leukemia, hemoblastosis,
• kusabadwa kobadwa nako,
• zifukwa zina.

Hypoglycemia ndi owopsa chifukwa kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi (mwachitsanzo, ndikulimbitsa thupi kwakukulu), mwana amatha kuzindikira komanso kufa ngati shuga sakulowetsedwa m'thupi nthawi. Pamaso kukomoka, kupweteka mutu, chizungulire, kukhumudwa, kugwedezeka kwa manja, chikumbumtima chobowoka nthawi zambiri chimawonedwa. Pakadali pano, muyenera kupatsa wodwalayo shuga, chokoleti, msuzi wokoma kapena china chilichonse chomwe chingakweze msanga magazi. Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Mavuto omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga pakapita nthawi imatha kudzetsa matenda ambiri, monga mavuto amaso, khungu ndi tsitsi, zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba komanso matenda otupa! Anthu amaphunzitsa zomwe zinawawa kuti azisintha shuga yawo kuti asangalale ...

Zisonyezero za shuga wamagazi mwa ana mu kanema:

Miyezo yamasewera a shuga mwa ana atatha kudya amangosiyana pang'ono ndi omwe ali mwa mwana yemwe analibe nthawi yakudya. Ngati zopatikazo ndizofunikira kwambiri, uwu ndi nthawi yolankhula ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi matenda ashuga angachiritsidwe?

Palibe njira kapena mankhwala odziwika ochiritsira matenda a shuga. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, thupi silingatulutse insulini, chifukwa ma cell omwe amapanga amapangika. Sayansi sadziwa momwe angabwezeretsenso kapena kuisintha. Mufunika insulin nthawi zonse kuti mukhale ndi shuga.

Ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachibiri, thupi silikudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bwino insulini yopanga (kusayenda bwino kwa thupi kumeneku kotchedwa - insulin kukana).

Komabe, mwakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kudya moyenera, mutha kuwongolera shuga anu ndikukhala moyo wabwino.

Zolemba

Conklin V., Instruction for a Natural Life with shuga, 2009,
National Institute of Diabetes, Digestion ndi Matenda a Impso: "Kuthana ndi matenda ashuga: kuyang'anira matenda ashuga", "Hypoglycemia", "Matenda a impso ndi matenda ashuga", "Matenda a mitsempha komanso matenda ashuga",
National Institute of Nervous Disriers and Strokes: "Bill of Peripheral Neuropathy",
American Medical Association, American Diabetes Aid Association, a John Wiley ndi a Sons, 2007,
National Kidney Disease Association: "Momwe Impso Zanu Zimagwirira Ntchito,"
Noumeurs Foundation: "Mtundu wa shuga wachiwiri: ndi chiyani?",
Health University ya Washington Women Health: Kuzindikira Matenda A shuga,
Home P., Mant J., Turnet S. - "Kuwongolera matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga: mawu omaliza malinga ndi utsogoleri wa Nice Institute." BMJ 2008, 336: 1306-8,
American Diabetes Association: "Kuyesa Glucose Level yanu," "Neurotheramia."