Zochita zowonjezera za matenda a shuga: mitundu ya zovuta

Zochitika zowonjezera za matenda ashuga ndi mawonekedwe ake ovuta kwambiri, omwe amadziwika ndi kusintha kwakuthwa m'magazi a shuga m'magazi, sangathe kuyanjana ndi zovuta zamagulu amisala kapena zosiyidwa zamafuta zochizira matendawa.

Mlingo wosakhazikika wa shuga umabweretsa kukula kwa vuto la hypoglycemia, komanso kuwonongeka kwa impso, mantha am'mitsempha, ziwiya zazikulu komanso zazing'ono, mtima, zomwe zimayambitsa chiwopsezo cha kulumala ndi kufa.

Zovuta pakusankha mtundu wa insulin kuti ulipire mtundu uwu wa shuga umathandizira kuti akhale ndi chikomokere pafupipafupi, ketoacidosis. Kuchulukana pafupipafupi kumayambitsa kufunikira kwa chithandizo chamankhwala, chomwe chimachepetsa magwiridwe antchito ndikuchepetsa mayanjano a odwala.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda A shuga Asakhazikika

Matenda a shuga a labile nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi machitidwe olakwika a insulin. Matenda oterewa adafotokozedwa ndi wasayansi waku America a Michael Somogy ndipo adawutcha kuti post-hypoglycemic hyperglycemia. Mlingo waukulu wa insulin umatsitsa magazi.

Kuyankha kwamthupi kumalimbikitsa kutulutsa kwa ma hormone opikisana, chifukwa amamuyesa ngati wopsinjika, wowopsa m'moyo. Izi zimayamba mndandanda wazokambirana ndi kutsegula kwa hypothalamus, ndiye ma pituitary ndi adrenal gland. Kuchulukitsa kwa machitidwe amanjenje achifundo ndi mahomoni kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Izi zimachitika ndi: adrenaline, adrenocorticotropic timadzi, cortisol, timadzi timene timatulutsa kukula ndi glucagon. Kuphatikizika kwawo kumabweretsa kutsekeka kwamafuta ndikuwoneka m'magazi a matupi a ketone, kukula kwa ketoacidosis.

Mthupi lathanzi, kulipiritsa kwa hypoglycemia kumabwezeretsa mwakale, ndipo mu matenda a shuga kumabweretsa chiwonetsero chokhazikika cha hyperglycemia. Imatha kukhala maola 8 mpaka 72.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia pankhaniyi zitha kuphatikizidwa osati kokha ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala, komanso zifukwa izi:

Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.
Kumwa mowa.
Kulimbitsa thupi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri.

Kodi matenda ashuga: njira zazikulu ndi njira zochizira matendawa

Moni Dzina langa ndi Lampobot, ndine pulogalamu ya pakompyuta yomwe imathandizira kupanga Mapu a Mawu. Ndili bwino

Nditha kuwerengera, koma pakali pano sindikumvetsa momwe dziko lanu limagwirira ntchito. Ndithandizireni kuzindikira!

Zikomo! Ndinayamba bwino kumvetsetsa za momwe tikumvera.

Funso: kufunika kwake - kodi ndizolumikizana ndi malingaliro, malingaliro, zokumana nazo (kuphulika kwa kuseka, mkwiyo woyipa, kumwetulira kosangalatsa)?

Pathogeneis chachikulu chawonetsero chachikulu cha matenda a shuga 1

Hyperglycemia, chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kochepera kwa glucose ndi minofu chifukwa chosakwanira katemera wa insulin, imayambitsa glucosuria, popeza imapitirira kuchuluka kwa cholumikizira impso, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kusungunuka kwathunthu kwa glucose kuchokera mkodzo woyamba m'matumbo a impso. Kuphatikizika kwa shuga mkodzo kumapangitsa kuti osmotic diuresis, yowonetsedwa ndi polyuria, nthawi zambiri yolimbitsa, osapitilira malita 3-4 patsiku, koma nthawi zina amafikira 8-10 malita kapena kupitirira.

Hyperosmolarity ya magazi, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glycemia, komanso kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi kumazungulira chifukwa cha polyuria, kumalimbikitsa gawo la ludzu laubongo, lomwe limawonetsedwa ndi polydipsia. Chomalizachi ndichinthu chobwereza thupi chomwe chimapangitsa kuti madzi abwerere. Ndikusowa kwa insulini, shuga wa maselo ambiri amalephera, ndipo wodwalayo amayamba kumva njala.

Polyphagy ndi mtundu wamomwe umagwira, komwe kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kuzomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lizikhala ndi mphamvu komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu chifukwa cha glucosuria. Kutsika kwa kulemera kwa thupi kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya maabolasi a contrainsulin, kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa matenda a insulin pazovuta zake.

Mukamayang'ana wodwala yemwe ali ndi CD-1 yomwe yayamba kupezeka, khungu lowuma komanso mucous, kuchepa kwa khungu turgor, kumakopa chidwi. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala matenda oyamba ndi mafinya a pakhungu - ziphuphu zakumaso, zithupsa, ndi zina zachilendo.

Imawoneka makamaka ndi ketosis, ketoacidosis ndipo imafotokozedwa ndi kufalikira kwa capillaries. Nthawi zina icteric madontho a pakhungu - xanthosis - amapezeka makamaka m'manja ndi kumapazi. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuphatikizika kwa carotene, makamaka mu corneum ya stratum, chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa chiwindi ndi kuphwanya komwe kukugwirizana ndi kutembenuka kwa carotene kukhala vitamini A.

The mucous membrane yamkamwa patsekeke chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa mavitamini a B nthawi zambiri imakhala yofiyira, "varnish", ming'alu imatuluka m'makona amkamwa. Odwala matenda a shuga mellitus (DM), matenda a periodontal, stomatitis, gingivitis amapezeka pafupipafupi kuposa odwala athanzi.

Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga 1 amawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa chiwindi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta mkati mwake - mafuta olowa m'chiwindi.

SD-1 imakonda kukhazikika mwa achinyamata, nsonga ya chiwonetsero muubwana ndi unyamata (tebulo 4). Kukhazikika kwa matendawa ndi pachimake, Zizindikiro zimawonjezeka pakatha miyezi yochepa kapena masiku. Panthawi yomwe matenda atachedwa matenda, makamaka ngati matendawa amachitika ali mwana komanso unyamata, pamakhala kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa zovuta za metabolic mpaka kukulira kwambiri ketoacidosis kapenanso matenda a shuga.

Poyerekeza ndi maziko a chithandizo cha insulin, monga zovuta za metabolic zimachepetsa, gawo lochepa la odwala limakulitsa kulolerana kwa glucose, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi kuchepa kwa mlingo wa insulini yoyendetsedwa, nthawi zina mpaka pakutha kwake. Kuchotseredwa kwa matendawa kumatchedwa "kukwatirana kwa wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga."

Zomwe zimachitika

Kuwonetsera kwa lability mu matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri kumakhala vuto lalingaliro kuposa lanyama. Vuto lalikulu ndilakuti njira zolakwika zolakwika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene vuto lenileni la thupi silikuwululidwa.

Gulu lowopsa kwambiri ndi odwala omwe nthawi zambiri samakwanira, molakwika kapena molakwika muyeso wa glycemia (shuga ya magazi). Kuti mupewe malingaliro olakwikawa, ndikofunikira popereka jakisoni wa insulin kuti ayambe kutsatira zotsatirazi:

Yang'anirani mosamala malo oyendetsera mankhwala.
Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringe omwe ali ndi vuto kapena zida zina zamankhwala,
Onetsetsani kuti mukusunga momwe insulin ingasungireko ndi nthawi yoti ithe. Tsiku lotha litatha, ndizovuta kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo.
Kudyetsa chakudya ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pamankhwala,
Yang'anani thanzi la mita ndikuyang'ana ngati ili ndi zofunikira pazomwe mumayesa kuchipatala.

Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi matenda opatsirana a shuga chimakhala chodziwika bwino kwa odwala omwe amavomereza zolakwika pakuyeza glycemia, kapena amangobisa zomwe dokotala akuchita.

Matenda a shuga a labu amadziwika ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kusinthasintha kwa shuga m'magazi (mwachitsanzo, kuyambira 0, 6 mpaka 3.4 g / l).

Matenda a shuga oopsa amakhala ndi vuto la ketoacidosis, lomwe lingayambitse matenda a shuga.

Matenda a shuga osati vuto lakuthupi, koma mwaubongo. Osati pachabe pakati pa odwalawo palokha pali lingaliro la odwala "ovuta" ndi madokotala "olembetsa". Chifukwa chake, odwala amakayikira kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga oterewa.

Nthawi zina madokotala, pakuwonongeka kwa malingaliro wamba, amayesa kukhazikitsa shuga wodwala mulimonse, kumangokulitsa shuga.

Kuganiza bwino pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamankhwala, njira yodutsirana ndi wodwalayo, m'malo mwake, kumapatsa wodwala chitsimikizo kuti matenda ake siwongo, ndipo ndikotheka ndikukhalanso nawo mokwanira.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga

Popeza kuukiridwa kwa hypoglycemia ndi shuga wamagazi ambiri kusinthana wina ndi mnzake, zizindikiro zamatendawa ndizosiyanasiyana. Nthawi yomweyo, hypoglycemia siimangotchulidwa, koma yachilengedwe, kotero odwala samalabadira izi.

Zizindikiro za latent hypoglycemia zitha kufooka kapena chizungulire, kupweteka mutu, komwe kumatha pambuyo kudya. Zovuta zausiku zimachitika monga zosokoneza tulo, kulota kwambiri ndimatulo am'mawa, kudzuka kovuta komanso kusowa mphamvu kwa tulo. Nthawi zambiri kumachitika thukuta usiku, mutu.

Omwe atengeka kwambiri ndi hyperglycemia ndi ana, achinyamata komanso achinyamata omwe ali pa insulin. Matenda a shuga ophatikizira omwe amapezeka m'magawo amachitika motsutsana ndi mtundu wabwinobwino kapena wowonjezera thupi, chomwe ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri chodziwonera.

Zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimakhala ndi insulin yayikulu:

Labile shuga komanso kusinthasintha kwakuthwa m'magazi m'masana.
Zochitika ku ketoacidosis.
Pafupipafupi kapena kubisa ma hypoglycemia.
Ndi shuga wambiri, odwala sataya kunenepa.
Kuchulukitsa mlingo wa insulin kumakulitsa njira ya matenda ashuga.
Kulowa ndi matenda opatsirana kapena matenda ena kumapangitsa kagayidwe kazakudya.
Mumkodzo, acetone amadziwika ndi pang'ono

Maganizo a anthu akusinthanso - odwala amakhala osakwiya msanga, otupa, nthawi zambiri amakhala osasangalala ndipo amachita zinthu zoipa kwa okondedwa, kupsinjika kapena kusowa chidwi, komanso kulira.

Komanso, mawonekedwe osintha kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe - kusiya chidwi pa zinthu zomwe kale zinali zosangalatsa, zoopsa, kudzipatula, kenako kupsa mtima kapena kuwonekera. Chizindikiro chimodzi - kutengera komwe kuli njala yakuthwa, kusakhudzidwa ndi chakudya kumawonekera, kukana kudya osafuna kudya.

Ngati mwana wodwala wapatsidwa mlingo waukulu wa insulin ya nthawi yayitali komanso kukonzekera kwake kumachitika usiku ndi usiku, ndiye kuti ana amalira mu tulo tawo, ndikufuula, ndipo m'mawa kusokonezeka sikungakumbukire zochitika za usiku, masana mwana ali woopsa, wosavomerezeka.

Ziwopsezo zaukali, machitidwe asocial, ndi kukana chakudya ndizomwe zimachitika achinyamata. Odwala achikulire amadandaula za kuyang'ana kwambiri, kuvuta kuchita ntchito, kugona mkati mwa tsiku, mutu.

Pakhoza kukhalanso masanjidwe akhungu a paroxysmal, kuwonekera kwa mfundo zowala kapena "ntchentche" patsogolo pa maso.

Chochitika cha Somoji

Matenda a shuga amawopa mankhwalawa, ngati moto!

Muyenera kungolemba ...

Mawonetseredwe apadera a matendawa amafanana kwambiri ndi zomwe zidachitika M. Somoji mu 1939.

M'mazaka amenewo, chifukwa cha zolakwika zomwe oyendetsa ndege amagwiritsa ntchito pamagetsi, ndege zadzidzidzi zinayamba kuchuluka.

Madokotala anayerekezera izi ndi mawonekedwe pamene wodwala ayamba kuchita mantha kuti achepetse shuga. Komabe, samakayikira kuti izi ndizomveka. Amakwiya chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulin, yomwe idayambitsidwa.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga ikafika malire, chiwindi chimagwiritsa ntchito glycogen yomwe ilipo. Glucose imapangidwa nthawi ya metabolic. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amakhala atakwanitsa kale glycemia.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatsika usiku (nthawi zambiri), wodwalayo amakhala m'maloto ndipo samva chilichonse. Amamva kupweteka m'mutu, kupweteka kwambiri m'mutu, amayang'ana shuga ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mulingo wakewo ndi wokwera kwambiri. Izi ndizomveka, chifukwa chiwindi chachita ntchito yake.

Osamveka bwino, dokotala nthawi zambiri amatipatsa mankhwala ambiri a insulin.

Khalidwe lake lili lofanana ndi zomwe oyendetsa ndege sanakhulupirire paokha. Zotsatira za izi, monga mukudziwa, ndizachisoni kwambiri.

Muzochitika zina zamankhwala, ndikokwanira kuonetsetsa kuti matenda a shuga opatsirana ndi mtundu wina wa zotsatira za Somogy. Kuti mukhalebe ndi vutoli, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga masiku 7.

Zoyezera zimatengedwa maola 4 aliwonse (komanso usiku). Ndi zotsatira muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala. Kutengera ndi zolemba izi, amasankha mlingo woyenera kwambiri wa insulin ya jakisoni.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Makhalidwe akuluakulu a matenda a shuga omwe ali mu vidiyo:

Odwala omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga oyembekezera amapatsidwa jakisoni wokhazikika. Insulin imakhazikika pamtundu wogwirizana. Komabe, thupi limalandira zokha chizindikiro chakuchepa kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni.

Chifukwa chake, ntchito zake zachilengedwe ndizoletsa. Maselo a insulin atrophies m'malo mwakuwonjezera ntchito yawo. Chifukwa chake, madokotala amavomereza kuti muzochitika zotere ndizofunikira kukopa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, osati zotsatira zake.

Kodi kudwala matenda ashuga ndi chifukwa chiyani kuli kowopsa?

Liwu loti "labile" limamasulira kuti "kusuntha". Mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa kuchuluka kwa glucose amasintha kangapo patsiku, ndipo kusinthasintha kumatha kukhala magawo angapo.

Ndi matenda oopsa a shuga, mavuto amabwera posankha mtundu wa insulin yolondola. Potengera maziko awa, ketoacidosis imatha kuchitika, ndipo izi zikuwopseza moyo.

Zochitika m'thupi zamatenda zimasokoneza machitidwe a odwala matenda ashuga. Ndikofunika kuzindikira vutoli munthawi yake kuti mugwiritse ntchito moyenera mankhwalawa.

Chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa shuga m'magazi, hypoglycemia imayamba, ndiye kuti mulingo wake umachepa. Ikafika povuta, masitolo a glycogen m'chiwindi amayamba. Zotsatira zake, shuga amamasulidwa, ndipo mulingo wake umasinthidwa.

Ngati izi zikuchitika usiku, m'mawa wodwalayo amawona zotsatira zokhazo - kuchuluka kwa shuga. Kutengera ndi zizindikiro zotere, adokotala amawonjezera mlingo wa insulin, womwe umayambitsa zotsatira zosiyana. Mutha kuzipewa poyang'anira shuga wanu wamagazi nthawi zonse.

Mu matenda oopsa a shuga, lipoid necrobiosis imatha kukhala - matenda amtundu pakhungu loyipa la kagayidwe kazakudya ka cellular. Vutoli limakhala losowa komanso limakonda akazi ndi ana.

Zotsatira zinanso zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa azitha kudziwa matenda a shuga. Itha kuyambitsidwa ndi ketoacidosis, vuto lamafupipafupi la mtundu uwu wa matenda ashuga.

Nthawi zambiri matendawa amawonekera mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe amawunika bwino shuga kapena kuvulaza insulin molakwika. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulin, shuga amachepetsa kwambiri, omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale matenda ochepa.

Matenda a shuga a labile amatha kuchitika osati kokha ndi mankhwala. Zina mwazinthu zomwe zakhumudwitsa ndi izi:

kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi
uchidakwa
kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi
nkhawa.

Mitundu yovutirapo ya shuga ndiyosowa - pafupifupi mwa atatu mwa odwala. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti jenda yaimayi imakonda kuchita izi. Nthawi zambiri matenda amtunduwu amapezeka mwa odwala mpaka zaka 20-30. Matenda a shuga a labala sakhala wamba pakati pa anthu achikulire.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga

Ndi matendawa, matendawo amakula kwambiri. Khalidwe limakhala lokhazikika, losakwiya. Wodwalayo amakhala ndi chizolowezi chomakwiya, kulira, kusachita chidwi.Kulimbirana kumatha kusokonezeka.

Mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga aubwana ndi unyamata, ali ndi maphunziro apamwamba a matenda, ludzu lachidziwitso limatha. Kugona kopanda mpumulo, chisokonezo m'mawa. Masana, ana amamva kuwawa, alibe chidwi. Achinyamata nthawi zambiri amakana kudya, kuchita chiwawa, kuchita zaphokoso.

Zizindikiro zamitsempha zimatha kutsagana ndi mutu. Nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta kuzindikira kapena kutayika kwake kumawonedwa. Kusungunuka kwa mtima ndi kupindika pamaso.

Kuphatikiza pa kusintha kwa machitidwe, matenda a shuga omwe amakhala ndi matendawa amakhalanso ndi zina. Chofunika kwambiri ndi izi:

Kusintha kowopsa kwa shuga masana.
Kukhalapo kwa acetone mu mkodzo.
Mawonekedwe a ketoacidosis. Pankhani ya kupsinjika kotere, kusowa kwa insulini, kuchuluka kwa glucose ndi matupi a ketone kumawonedwa. Kusokonezedwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kagayidwe. Matenda owopsa kwambiri amakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya. Ketoacidosis amadziwika ndi fungo la acetone kuchokera mkamwa, kupweteka kwam'mimba, kupuma kawirikawiri komanso kupumira pansi. Wodwalayo akumva kufooka, amamva mseru, nkusandulika kusanza.
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuukira kwa glycemia. Mlingo wa kuuma kwawo ungakhale wosiyana.
Kulemera kwa odwala sikusintha ndi shuga wambiri.
Ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin, matendawa akuwonjezeka.
Kulowa ndi matenda kapena matenda ena amachititsa kusintha kwa kagayidwe kazakudya.

Wodwala amatha kutuluka thukuta limodzi ndi kuzizira kozizira, kukula kwa matenda a celiac (chimbudzi chimbudzi). Mimba ingabisidwe.

Ndi kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa shuga, ludzu lamphamvu limawonekera nthawi zambiri, kukodza kumachitika pafupipafupi. Wodwalayo amatha kudwala, akumva mutu.

Musanachiritse mtundu wa matenda ashuga, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti glucose imadumpha. Amayeza kuposa masiku angapo.

Kuti muchepetse wodwalayo matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse insulin. Izi zitha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:

Njira yachangu. Kuchepetsa mulingo, osaposa milungu iwiri yomwe yaperekedwa.
Pang'onopang'ono. Kuchepetsa kwa insulin kumachitika mkati mwa miyezi iwiri.

Ndi mawonekedwe amtunduwu, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuteteza kagayidwe kazachilengedwe. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusintha zakudya kuti kuchuluka kwa zovuta zam'magazi azikhala pafupi ndi chikhalidwe chathupi.

Matenda a mtundu wa Lab samakhala achikhalidwe, koma amakhudzika mwachilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba. Chovuta chachikulu chagona kuti njira zopanda pake zimatengedwa panthawi ya chithandizo, ndipo zenizeni zomwe zimachitika sizinapezeke. Nthawi zambiri omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndi odwala omwe amayeza shuga molakwika.

Zizindikiro za Matenda a Labile

Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu za matenda ovomerezeka a shuga ndizosintha mwadzidzidzi m'magazi a shuga m'magazi tsiku limodzi. Matenda a Labial amadziwika ndi kusinthasintha kwa glucose kuyambira 0,6 mpaka 3.4 g / l maola 24. Kusintha kotereku kwa magazi ndi kowopsa kwambiri. Zochitika zokhazokha za matenda ashuga zimakhala ndi zosiyana:

chiopsezo chachikulu cha ketoacidosis,
dontho lakuthwa komanso pafupipafupi kapena kukwera kwa shuga (hypo- and hyperklemia),
zovuta pakusankha mtundu woyenera wa insulin,
mkodzo acetone
kuchuluka kwa insulin kumadzaza ndi kuwonongeka.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga

Kupereka chithandizo, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira kusinthasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuwulula ma hypoglycemia, omwe amakwaniritsidwa pang'onopang'ono ndikuwonetsetsa shuga wa magazi tsiku lililonse.

Pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin, njira ziwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: mwachangu - kwa masiku 10-15 komanso pang'onopang'ono, pamene mlingo umachepetsedwa ndi 10-20 peresenti m'miyezi iwiri.

Koma, monga lamulo, pokhapokha kuchepetsa mlingo sikungakhale kotheka kukhazikika kwa njira ya matenda ashuga. Kubweretsa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe kwa odwala oterowo, kusintha kwa zakudya kukuwonetsedwa, ndikupangitsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu muzochitika zathupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti njira zoteteza kusinthasintha kwa shuga m'magazi:

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin yochepa, jakisoni kasanu patsiku musanadye.
Kuyeza kwa shuga msambo kumachitika maola 4 aliwonse kwa sabata limodzi.
Kuwunika thanzi la chipangizocho poyesa shuga wamagazi, komanso thanzi la zida zamankhwala zothandizira kuperekera insulin.
Kutsatira ndi njira yolimbikitsira yochita zolimbitsa thupi.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi akuwonetsa zonse zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda amtundu wa matenda ophatikizika chimaphatikizanso kusintha kwakukulu kwamagazi m'magazi. Mwachitsanzo, kusinthasintha kuyambira 0,5 mpaka 3.3 g / l ndi chifukwa chachikulu chodera nkhawa.

Zina zomwe zimatithandizanso kudziwa za mtundu wa shuga ndi izi:

Kutheka ketoacidosis
Mlingo wa shuga umatsika kapena kukwera pazifukwa zina, ndipo popanda iwo,
Ndikovuta kwambiri kupeza muyezo wa insulin,
Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta komanso kudwala matenda ashuga.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Kuwonetsera kwa lability mu matenda a shuga nthawi zambiri kumakhala vuto lalingaliro kuposa lanyama. Vuto lalikulu ndilakuti njira zolakwika zolakwika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene vuto lenileni la thupi silikuwululidwa.

Yang'anirani mosamala malo oyendetsera mankhwala.
Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringe omwe ali ndi vuto kapena zida zina zamankhwala,
Onetsetsani kuti mukusunga momwe insulin ingasungireko ndi nthawi yoti ithe. Tsiku lotha litatha, ndizovuta kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo.
Kudyetsa chakudya ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pamankhwala,
Yang'anani thanzi la mita ndikuyang'ana ngati ili ndi zofunikira pazomwe mumayesa kuchipatala.

Kufotokozera mwachidule za psychotype

Chofunikira kwambiri pamtundu wovutitsa ndizosinthasintha kwakuthupi, mwachangu komanso mosachedwa kusinthika kwamachitidwe akumva ...

Malo olemera okonda chidwi, chidwi chachikulu ndi zizindikiritso. Zowawa m'malingaliro ndi kukanidwa mwamaganizidwe ndi okondedwa, kutaya okondedwa ndi kudzipatula kwa omwe amakhala nawo. Chitukuko, chikhalidwe chabwino, chikondi chenicheni, kuyankha ndi anthu. Amakonda kulumikizana, amakopeka ndi anzawo, okhutira ndi zomwe wodi.

Mtundu wa Labile ndi kuyesa kwakunja

Achinyamata a labile amakonda kwambiri mitundu yonse ya malingaliro, kuwathokoza, kuyamika ndi kuwalimbikitsa - zonsezi zimawapatsa chisangalalo chochokera pansi pamtima, koma sizimabweretsa kudzikuza kapena kudzikuza. Kudzudzula, kutsutsa, kudzudzula, malingaliro amakumana kwambiri ndipo zitha kubweretsa chiyembekezo.

Matenda a Labile: zomwe zimayambitsa, zizindikiro

Matenda a shuga a Labile ndiwo mtundu wosadalirika kwambiri komanso matenda. Liwulo lenilenilo limamasuliridwa kuti "losakhazikika" kapena "kusuntha". Chifukwa chake, matenda a shuga ochedwa labell ndi mtundu wa shuga wokhazikika, womwe umadziwika ndi kusintha kwakukuru m'zinthu za shuga m'thupi la munthu.

Kusinthasintha kotere kumatha kuchitika pafupipafupi: kangapo masana. Matendawa amakumana ndi mavuto akulu kuposa ena: Kugwira ntchito kwamitsempha, kuwonongeka kwa mtima, kulumala, kudwala matenda ashuga, ndipo ngakhale nthawi zina kumwalira. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti matendawa ali munthawi yake komanso kuti athe kuchitapo kanthu kuti athetse vutolo.

Kodi maphunziro a shuga ndi otani?

Mawu oti labile amatanthauza "kusuntha", "kusakhazikika". Labile matenda a shuga ndi mtundu wa matenda a shuga ochititsa chidwi, momwe mumakhala kusinthasintha kwatsiku ndi tsiku m'magazi a magazi.

Ndi zovuta zovuta za matenda ashuga, hypoglycemia imakonda kusinthidwa ndi hyperglycemia - poyamba, popanda chifukwa.

Chikhalidwe cha mtundu wodwala wa matenda ashuga

Nthawi zina madokotala, pakuwonongeka kwa malingaliro wamba, amayesa kukhazikitsa shuga wodwala mulimonse, kumangokulitsa shuga.

Matenda a shuga a Labile - ndi chiyani

Matenda a shuga ovuta kwambiri ndi mtundu wamphamvu kwambiri wa matendawa, womwe umadziwika ndi kusasinthasintha komanso kuthamanga kwa glucose, pafupipafupi hypoglycemia, kuvuta kusankha kuchuluka kwa insulini, ndipo lingaliro lenileni limatanthauzira "kusayenda" komanso "kusakhazikika". Kuwonongeka kwa mtima, kukomoka kwa shuga, zovuta zazikulu pakugwira ntchito kwamanjenje, kulumala ndi kufa kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi mtunduwu wa shuga zimatheka mofulumira komanso pafupipafupi.

Masiku ano, anthu akuchulukirachulukira chifukwa chakuti matendawa ndiwovuta kwambiri kuposa matenda opatsirana, ndipo odwala matenda ashuga nawonso amakana kukhalapo kwa mtundu uwu wa matenda ashuga, amangonena za “kuvutika” komanso kusakhazikika kwa odwalawo komanso madokotala awo. Tsoka ilo, pali zochitika zoterezi pomwe madokotala amatanganidwa kwambiri ndi cholinga chawo chofuna kukhazikika m'magazi a wodwala awo kotero kuti nthawi zina amatengera njira zosakwanira komanso zopanda vuto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chithandizo cholakwika choterechi chiziwonjezera boma la odwala matenda ashuga.

Koma njira yabwino komanso yolingalira pothana ndi matenda, m'malo mwake, mwadzidzidzi imapangitsa anthu kuganiza kuti matenda awo ovuta si liwongo ndipo amawalola kuti akhale ndi moyo.

Nthawi zina mtundu wodwala wa matenda ashuga siwodabwitsa monga chinthu chofotokozedwa ndi Michael Somoji ndipo pambuyo pake adatchulidwa pambuyo pake.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ndikuipa kolakwika kwa wodwalayo komanso madokotala ku zochita zachilengedwe zamthupi pamene alandira insulin yayikulu.

Makhalidwe akuluakulu a matenda a shuga

pafupipafupi komanso pafupifupi osaganizira hypoglycemia, komanso ketoacidosis,
kusinthasintha kwadzidzidzi kwamasamba a shuga masana, komanso popanda chifukwa,
zovuta zazikulu posankha mtundu wa insulin,
Kukula msanga kwa matenda ashuga hypoglycemic chikumbumtima ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana.

Momwe mungagonjetsere matendawa ndikukwanitsa kukhazikika ndikuwongolera

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amatha kukhala osiyana kwambiri, kuyambira pakukula kwa shuga m'magazi mpaka mabodza anzeru a wodwalayo. Masiku ano, chisamaliro chapadera cha madotolo ambiri chikuyang'ana pa mtundu uwu wa matendawa, ndipo chifukwa cha zovuta zake zakuchipatala ndi chithandizo, izi ndi zowona.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga oyembekezeredwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito moyo wawo wonse, zomwe zimawongolera mkhalidwe wawo wogwirizana, koma izi zimatsogolera ku mfundo yoti thupi limalandira chizindikiro chakuchepa kwa kupanga masoka achilengedwe.

Chifukwa chake, ntchito yake yachilengedwe imalephereka ndipo, m'malo mokweza maselo, amawazunza m'malo mwake, ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kukopa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, osati zotsatira zake.

Poyerekeza ndi za matenda osakhazikika a shuga komanso kugonekedwa kawirikawiri kuchipatala, moyo wabanja la munthu, kuphunzira kapena ntchito zimachepa, motero ndikofunikira kuti wodwalayo ndi dokotala akhale ndi chipiriro, chipiriro komanso mtendere wamalingaliro.

Simungathe kupita kokagwiritsa ntchito njira zosakwanira zamankhwala, koma muyenera kusanthula zonse zomwe zimachitika mthupi, yesetsani kudziwa zolakwika zomwe zingachitike pakuwongolera matendawo, ndikujambulani njira yabwino kwambiri.

Madokotala amayeneranso kukumbukira kuti odwala okalamba ndizovuta kwambiri kulekerera kusinthasintha kwa glycemia kuposa odwala ang'onoang'ono.

Chifukwa chiyani matenda ashuga: bwanji amawoneka, amawunika

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amapezeka mu dongosolo la endocrine, omwe amawonetsedwa pakuwonjezeka kwa shuga wamagazi a anthu komanso kuchepa kwa insulin.

Matendawa amabweretsa kuphwanya kagayidwe ka chakudya, mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, matenda a shuga akuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse. Matendawa amakhudza oposa 10 peresenti ya anthu onse m'maiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi.

Matenda a shuga amapezeka pamene insulin sikokwanira kulamula kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Insulin ndi timadzi tomwe timapangidwa ngati zilonda za m'madzi a Langerhans.

Hormone iyi imakhala gawo la chakudya, mapuloteni komanso mafuta a metabolism mu ziwalo zamunthu. Carbohydrate metabolism imatengera kudya kwa shuga m'maselo a minofu.

Insulin imayambitsa kupanga shuga ndikuonjezera masitolo a shuga a chiwindi ndikupanga gawo lapadera la glycogen carbohydrate. Kuphatikiza apo, insulini imathandizira kupewa kuchepa kwa chakudya chamagulu.

Insulin imagwira ngati othandizira glucose ku maselo amafuta, imathandizira kumasulidwa kwa zinthu zamafuta, imalola maselo a minofu kulandira mphamvu zofunikira ndikuletsa kufalikira kwamaselo am'magazi. Kuphatikiza kwa timadzi timeneti kumathandizira kulowa mu minofu ya ma cell a sodium.

Ntchito zogwira ntchito za insulin zimatha kusokonekera ngati thupi limasowa kwambiri panthawi ya chimbudzi, komanso mphamvu ya insulin pazosokoneza ziwalo.

Kuperewera kwa insulini m'matumbo am'mimba kumatha kuchitika ngati zikondamoyo zasokoneza, zomwe zimatsogolera kuwonongeka kwa zislets za Langerhans. Zomwe zimayambitsa kubwezeretsa mahomoni omwe akusowa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amapezeka ndendende ndi kusowa kwa insulin mthupi chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwa kapamba, pomwe maselo osakwana 20 peresenti ya maselo otha kugwira ntchito kwathunthu amakhala.

Matenda amtundu wachiwiri amachitika ngati mphamvu ya insulin idalephera. Pankhaniyi, pamakhala mkhalidwe womwe umatchedwa insulin.

Matendawa akufotokozedwanso kuti chizolowezi cha insulin m'magazi chimakhala chokhazikika, koma sichichita bwino pa minyewa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chidwi cha maselo.

Pakakhala insulin yokwanira m'magazi, glucose sangathe kulowa mokwanira mu cell, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa njira zina zosinthira shuga, sorbitol, glycosaminoglycan, ndi glycated hemoglobin zimadziunjikira mu minofu.

Nawonso, sorbitol nthawi zambiri imayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda amkati, imasokoneza magwiridwe antchito ang'onoang'ono, ndipo imasokoneza dongosolo lamanjenje. Glycosaminoglycans amakhudza mafupa ndipo amawononga thanzi.

Pakadali pano, njira zina zothandizira shuga m'magazi sizokwanira kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu zambiri. Chifukwa chophwanya kagayidwe kazakudya zomanga thupi, kaphatikizidwe kazakudya zomanga thupi zimachepetsedwa, ndipo kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni kumawonedwanso.

Ichi chimakhala chifukwa chomwe munthu ali ndi kufooka kwa minofu, ndipo magwiridwe antchito a mtima ndi minofu yamatumbo amalephera. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zopweteka, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha kumachitika. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa matupi a ketone omwe amakhala ngati zinthu za metabolic zimachuluka m'magazi.

Chifukwa chiyani mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umachitika

Mu mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndichizolowezi, komanso kukhalabe ndi moyo wopanda thanzi komanso kukhalanso ndi matenda ang'onoang'ono.

Zomwe zimapangidwira matenda a shuga a 2 ndi awa:

Kubadwa kwamunthu
Kunenepa kwambiri
Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi
Kupanikizika pafupipafupi komanso kwanthawi yayitali
Kupezeka kwa atherosulinosis,
Mankhwala
Kukhalapo kwa matenda
Mimba, uchidakwa komanso kusuta.

Kubadwa kwamunthu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu pazinthu zonse zomwe zingatheke. Wodwala akakhala ndi wachibale yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, pamakhala chiopsezo choti matenda ashuga angachitike chifukwa cha chibadwa chamunthu.

Ngati kholo limodzi lili ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo chotenga matendawa ndi 30 peresenti, ndipo ngati abambo ndi amayi ali ndi nthendayi, mwa 60 peresenti ya omwe amadwala matendawa amapatsidwa ndi mwana. Ngati chibadwidwe chilipo, chimatha kuyamba kudziwoneka kale muubwana kapena unyamata.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi la mwana yemwe ali ndi vuto lotengera majini kuti muchepetse kukula kwa matendawa munthawi yake. Matenda a shuga akangopezedwa, amachepetsa mwayi woti matendawa athe kufalikira. Mutha kuthana ndi matendawa powonera zakudya zinazake.

Kunenepa kwambiri. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, ichi ndi chifukwa chachiwiri chomwe chimatsogolera kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa matenda ashuga a 2. Ndi chidzalo kapena kunenepa kwambiri, thupi la wodwalayo limakhala ndi minofu yambiri ya adipose, makamaka pamimba.

Zizindikiro zotere zimabweretsa kuti munthu ali ndi kuchepa kwa chidwi cha zotsatira za insulin ya ma cell a cellular mthupi.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake odwala ambiri onenepa kwambiri nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda ashuga.

Chifukwa chake, kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakubadwa kwamatenda, ndikofunika kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya zawo ndikudya zakudya zabwino zokha.

Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Ngati chakudya cha wodwalayo chimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta ndi fiber sizinawonedwe, izi zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga mwa anthu.

Kupanikizika pafupipafupi komanso kwanthawi yayitali. Zindikirani apa:

Chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwapafupipafupi komanso zokumana nazo m'magazi a munthu, kudzikundikira kwa zinthu monga ma catecholamines, glucocorticoids, komwe kumayambitsa kuwoneka kwa matenda ashuga wodwala, kumachitika.
Makamaka chiopsezo chotenga matendawa ndi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi thupi lochulukirapo komanso amtundu wakudziwika.
Ngati palibe zoyambitsa chibadwa chifukwa chakubadwa, ndiye kuti kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe kungayambitse matenda a shuga, omwe angayambitse matenda angapo nthawi imodzi.
Izi pamapeto pake zimatha kutsitsa chidwi cha insulin m'maselo a thupi. Chifukwa chake, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti nthawi zonse, khalani odekha komanso osadandaula zazing'ono.

Kukhalapo kwa atherosulinosis wa nthawi yayitali, matenda oopsa, matenda amitsempha yamagaziMitima. Matenda a nthawi yayitali amatsogolera kuchepa kwa chidwi cha minyewa yam'mimba kupita ku insulin ya mahomoni.

Mankhwala. Mankhwala ena angayambitse matenda ashuga. Zina mwa izo ndi:

okodzetsa
glucocorticoid mahomoni opanga,
makamaka thiazide okodzetsa,
mankhwala ena a antihypertensive,
mankhwala antitumor.

Komanso, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwakanthawi, makamaka maantibayotiki, kumapangitsa kuti shuga asagwiritsidwe ntchito, zomwe zimatchedwa kuti matenda a shuga.

Kukhalapo kwa matenda. Matenda a Autoimmune monga matenda a adrenal cortex osakwanira kapena autoimmune chithokomiro angayambitse matenda ashuga. Matenda opatsirana amakhala chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, makamaka pakati pa ana asukulu ndi ana asukulu, omwe nthawi zambiri amadwala.

Chomwe chimapangitsa kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo chifukwa cha matenda, monga lamulo, ndicho chibadwa cha ana. Pachifukwa ichi, makolo, podziwa kuti wina m'banjamo akudwala matenda ashuga, ayenera kukhala tcheru ndi thanzi la mwana momwe angathere, osayamba kulandira chithandizo cha matenda opatsirana, ndikuchita mayeso a shuga m'magazi nthawi zonse.

Nthawi yamimba. Izi zitha kuyambitsanso kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo ngati njira zoyenera zoletsedwera komanso chithandizo sichinatenge nthawi. Mimba monga izi sizingayambitse matenda ashuga, pomwe zakudya zopanda thanzi komanso kutengera kwa chibadwa zimatha kuchita bizinesi yawo yobisika.

Ngakhale azimayi atafika pa nthawi yoyembekezera, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya mosasamala ndipo musalole kuti azingodya kwambiri mafuta. Ndikofunikanso kuti usaiwale kukhala moyo wakhama komanso kuchita masewera apadera kwa amayi apakati.

Kuledzera komanso kusuta fodya. Zizolowezi zoipa zimatha kupusitsanso wodwala ndikuyambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Zakumwa zokhala ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa zimapha maselo a beta a kapamba, omwe amachititsa kuti matendawa ayambe.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga: Zizindikiro ndi chithandizo, kupewa mavuto

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga: dziwa mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zimayambitsa, Zizindikiro, matenda ndi chithandizo, kupewa zovuta.

Zotsatirazi zikufotokozera njira zabwino zamankhwala zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopewa shuga 3.9-5,5 mmol / L khola maola 24 patsiku, monga momwe mumakhalira ndi anthu athanzi.

Kachitidwe ka Dr. Bernstein, yemwe wakhala ndi T1DM kwa zaka zopitilira 70, amalola kuti akuluakulu ndi ana odwala matenda ashuga azitetezere ku zovuta zazikulu pamiyendo, impso, mawonekedwe amaso ndi ziwalo zina zamthupi.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 ndi matenda osachiritsika pomwe kapamba amataya kutulutsa insulin. Maselo a Beta omwe amapanga mahomoni amawonongeka chifukwa cholimbana molakwika ndi chitetezo chathupi.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 nthawi zambiri amayambira ubwana kapena unyamata, komanso zimachitika mwa akulu. Ili ndi vuto lalikulu la metabolic lomwe limayambitsa zovuta komanso zovuta. Komabe, sizimapangitsa kuti wodwala akhale wolumala.

Mutha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino mwa kuwona kadyedwe komanso kupereka chithandizo mosaposa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu patsiku.

Matenda A shuga a Mtundu 1: Nkhani Yotsimikizika

Matenda a shuga a Autoimmune sangathe kuchiritsidwa kamodzi, koma amathanso kuwongoleredwa, ndikutsimikiziridwa kuti atetezedwa pamavuto.

Gwiritsani ntchito ulalowu kuti muphunzire zonse zokhudzana ndi zakudya, mapiritsi ndi mankhwala a insulin. Ndipo pansipa, zomwe zimayambitsa, zizindikiritso, kuzindikira ndi zotsatira za matendawa zikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane.

Adalankhula za kulonjeza njira zatsopano zochiritsira zomwe asayansi akugwira ntchito.

Chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a shuga a 1 ndikuti chitetezo cha mthupi chimazunza ndikuwononga ma cell a pancreatic beta. Awa ndi maselo apadera omwe amapanga insulin, yomwe imathandizira kuyamwa chakudya komanso kuchepetsa shuga. Pambuyo pa 80-90% ya maselo a beta atamwalira, insulin imayamba kusowa kwambiri, shuga imakwera kwambiri ndipo zizindikiro za matendawo zimawonekera.

Kodi nchifukwa chiyani chitetezo cha mthupi chimaganizira zoyambitsa maselo a beta? Chifukwa thupi la wodwalayo limakonzedweratu. Zochitika zina ziyeneranso kuchitika zomwe zimayambitsa njirayi. Magazi a shuga m'magazi nthawi zambiri amayamba kukwera pambuyo pa kachilombo ka virus, monga rubella.

Tsoka ilo, katemera wofalitsa ma virus masiku ano sikuthandizira kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matendawa. Mwina chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga a autoimmune chikuwonjezeka pakati pa ana omwe alandila mkaka wopangidwa kuchokera ku khanda akadali wakhanda.

Tsamba la Endocrin-Patient.Com limalimbikitsa njira zowunikira kagayidwe kazakudya kamatenda opangidwa ndi Dr. Bernstein. Njira izi ndizosemphana ndi malangizo aboma, koma thandizirani. Onerani kanemayo pomwe Dr. Bernstein amalankhula za mtundu wa matenda ashuga 1 athe.

Mphamvu ya zinthu zina zachilengedwe pangozi ya matenda a shuga 1 sichinatsimikizidwe. Asayansi sanadziwebe chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa matendawa kumakhala kwachuluka kwambiri m'maiko ena kuposa ena. Ndi zaka, chiopsezo cha kuukira kwa autoimmune pamaselo a beta amachepetsedwa kwambiri. Mkulu akakula, sangakhale ndi matendawa mosavuta ndipo zimachitika mosavuta.

Kodi kubadwa mwaubwino ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda amtundu woyamba? Anthu ambiri amanyamula masinthidwe abwinobwino amtundu. Komabe, ochepa mwaiwo ali ndi mavuto obwera chifukwa chodwala pamoyo wawo. Zikuwoneka kuti mkhalidwe wazachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe chawo zimagwira ntchito yayikulu.

Choyipa chachikulu koposa, ngati makolo onse ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 mwana. Ngati kholo limodzi lokha - chiwopsezo cha mwana sichikhala chachikulu. Pamaso pa matenda a shuga a autoimmune mwa mayi, chiopsezo cha mwana ndi 1-1,5% yokha, mwa abambo - 5-6%, mwa makolo onse - pafupifupi 30%.

Kodi matenda ashuga 1 amathamanga motani?

Mu ana, miyezi ingapo imadutsa kuchokera ku nthawi yoyamba kuukira kwa chitetezo cha mthupi pa beta masamba a kapamba mpaka chizindikiritso choyamba. Akuluakulu, matendawa amakula nthawi yayitali. Itha kuchitika popanda zizindikiro kwa zaka pafupifupi 10.

Ngati mungayang'anire mwangozi shuga ya magazi, idzakwezedwa pang'ono. Chiwerengero cha maselo a beta mthupi la munthu ndizochulukirapo kuposa momwe amafunikira. Ngakhale 50-70% yaiwo itamwalira, otsala pang'ono kapena pang'ono amakwaniritsa kufunikira kwa insulin.

Chifukwa chake, matenda a shuga 1 amayamba pang'onopang'ono m'magulu onse a odwala, kupatula ana.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa matenda a shuga amtundu 1 ndi 2?

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, wodwala alibe insulin mthupi. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, insulini ikhoza kukhala yokwanira kapena ngakhale yochulukirapo, koma minyewa imatha kuimvera.

Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amayamba ndi ma cell a beta opanga insulin chifukwa cha ziwonetsero zomwe zimachitika pomenyera chitetezo cha mthupi.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, maselowa samadulidwamo nthawi yomweyo, koma pokhapokha pakufika kwambiri matenda. Chifukwa chachikulu cha imfa yawo imawerengedwa kuti ndi katundu wambiri.

Ngakhale ziyenera kudziwika kuti ndi mtundu wa 2 matenda ashuga, kuukira kwa autoimmune kumachitikanso. Matenda a shuga a Type 1 sangapewe; Matenda a 2 a shuga sakhala ovuta kutero ndipo amatha kupewedwa ndi 100% ndi moyo wathanzi, ngakhale mutakhala kuti mwakonzeka.

Maso (retinopathy) Impso (nephropathy) Matenda a shuga Atsitsi: miyendo, mafupa, mutu

Zizindikiro za matenda amtundu 1 amayamba chifukwa chakuti wodwalayo amakhala ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi, nthawi zina kangapo poyerekeza ndi wabwinobwino. Thupi limayesetsa kuthira magazi kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga, komanso kuchotsa shuga wambiri mkodzo. Chifukwa cha izi, odwala nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ludzu lalikulu komanso amakokana pafupipafupi.

Minofu imalephera kutulutsa michere ya michere. Amatumiza ma alarm omwe amayambitsa njala yayikulu, kulephera kupeza zokwanira. Odwala nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kutopa kwambiri, komwe kumayambiriro kwa shuga kumakhala kolakwika chifukwa cha kuzizira kapena kuzimiririka kwa ntchito. Titha kukhala:

kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
matenda obwera chifukwa cha fungus
mabala amachiritso a nthawi yayitali.

Tsoka ilo, zizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolakwika ngati pakulipidwa kwapadera komwe sikutanthauza kupita kwa dokotala.

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda kuti mulimbikitse
Nthawi zambiri, mwana kapena munthu wamkulu amayamba kukayikira shuga pokhapokha shuga akatsika ndikuyambitsa matenda owopsa:

kusowa kwa chakudya
kusanza ndi kusanza
kupweteka kwam'mimba
Fungo la acetone mu mpweya wotuluka.
kutaya chikumbumtima.

Mkhalidwe womwe wafotokozedwera pamwambapa ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa matenda a shuga a shuga omwe amayamba chifukwa chosowa chithandizo. Amatchedwa diabetesic ketoacidosis ndipo amadziwika chifukwa chakuti asidi amadziunjikira m'magazi. Wodwala matenda akhungu, wodwala amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala chodzidzimutsa. Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo chimayamba m'chipinda chosamalirira odwala, pomwe amatha chifukwa cha ketoacidosis. Ndizachilendo kuti wodwalayo aliyense amatha bwino polingalira panthawiyi za chifukwa chenicheni cha kuwonongeka kwawo, kuyeza kuchuluka kwa glucose komanso kuchitapo kanthu zisanachitike zozizwitsa.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani anthu akutaya mtundu woyamba wa shuga?

Chifukwa chosowa insulini, minofuyo imatha kupaka shuga yemwe wadyedwa ndipo imapitilira magazi. Popanda shuga, maselo amakakamizidwa kusinthana ndi mafuta. Kutentha mafuta ake, thupi limachepetsa. Pankhaniyi, fungo la acetone mumlengalenga lomwe limatulutsa komanso zizindikiro zina zonse zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa zimatha kuonedwa.

Kuchepetsa thupi mwachangu mosasinthika ndi njira yopanda thanzi. Chifukwa mulingo wa shuga m'magazi umasungidwa kwambiri ndipo zovuta zake zikukula msanga.

Atsikana ndi amayi ena omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a autoimmune amatanganidwa ndi mania kuti achepetse thupi. Kuti izi zitheke, amatha kuphonya dala insulin yomwe akufuna.

Muzochitika zotere, thandizo la psychotherapist kapena ngakhale wamisala likufunika.

Lingaliro la matenda a shuga oopsa, kuopsa kwa matenda, zimathandiza kupewa ndi kuchiza

Matenda a matenda a shuga ndi mtundu wapadera wa matendawa. Amadziwika ndi maphunziro ovuta komanso zotsatira zosayembekezereka. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda amenewa sizimadziwika bwino, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuzindikira komanso pokhapokha ngati akupatseni mankhwala.

Njira zopewera

Mu matenda a shuga, pofuna kupewa matenda opanikizika, muyenera kupatula kuchuluka kwadzidzidzi m'magazi a magazi. Kuti muchite izi, tsatirani malamulo awa:

tsatirani njira zomwe adotolo azichita adotolo,
Nthawi zonse muziyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga: mosasamala nthawi yatsiku, muyeso uyenera kutengedwa maola 4 aliwonse,
kasanu (patsiku) kupereka insulin yochepa musanadye,
yang'anirani thanzi la mita
sankhani ma insulin oyenera a insulin.

Kuti muthane ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose, ndikofunikira kusunga zolemba zapadera komwe muyenera kujambula zomwe mwayeza.

Zochitika zodwala za matenda ashuga ndizosowa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi mankhwala kapena moyo wosayenera. Njira zopewera zimachepetsa kwambiri vuto lotereli. Kuzindikira ndikosavuta kwambiri ngati mumayezera kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikulemba zolemba muzolemba.

Amayambitsa ndi zizindikilo za zovuta za matenda ashuga

Mtundu wowopsa kwambiri ndi njira yovuta ya matenda ashuga. Ichi ndi chifukwa kusakhazikika kwa momwe matenda amawonongeka, kusinthasintha kosasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Nthawi zambiri, zimachitika zokha, ndipo ndizosatheka kulosera izi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa malo, mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ena a matendawa.

Zifukwa za mawonekedwe olembetsera

Chiwopsezo chowonjezeka chokhala ndi matenda amtunduwu chimatha kupezeka kwa odwala omwe amalakwitsa kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa glycemia. Zomwezi ndizomwe zimachitika kwa iwo omwe amabisa zomwe zimachitika pakadali pano (dokotala).

Zotsatira zake, kuyankhidwa kumapangidwa komwe kumapangitsa kuti mahomoni azitsutsana azitsutsana ndikuti amapanikizika, amawopseza. Ntchito yokakamizidwa ya NS yachifundo komanso zida zake zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga. Dziwani kuti:

algorithm yofananira yodziwika ndi adrenaline, adrenocorticotropic kapangidwe, Cortisol ndi zinthu zina,
Kuphatikizika kwawo kumakwiyitsa kuphwanya mafuta ndi mapangidwe a matupi a ketone, mapangidwe a ketoacidosis,
mthupi lathanzi, zizindikiro zoyenera zimabwezeretseka mwanjira iyi, ndipo mu shuga, izi zimakhudza hyperglycemia yokhazikika, yomwe imatha kukhala maola asanu ndi atatu mpaka 72.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga ogwiritsidwa ntchito sizimangogwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, komanso zinthu monga zakudya zosayenera ndikumwa. Musaiwale za kuchuluka kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso nkhawa.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Zizindikiro zamatenda am'mimba zimatchedwa kufooka pang'ono kapena chizungulire, kupweteka ngati migraine komwe kumatha mukatha kudya. Ngati zovuta za usiku zikuchitika, ndiye kuti zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa tulo, maloto olemera, kudzutsidwa kwamavuto, komanso kusakhala maso. Thukuta kwambiri limachitika usiku.

Odziwika kwambiri ndi izi ndi ana, achinyamata ndi achinyamata omwe ali pa insulin. Matenda a shuga a labu m'malo mwawo amaphatikizidwa ndi thupi labwinobwino kapena kuchuluka kwa thupi - ichi ndi chizindikiritso chofunikira pakuzindikira.

MISONKHANO - OSATI SENTI!

Owerenga mabakera anena zowona zonse zokhudza matenda ashuga! Matenda a shuga sadzakhala atatha m'masiku 10, ngati mumamwa m'mawa ... "werengani zambiri >>>

Zizindikiro zotsogola za pathological ndizosinthasintha mwadzidzidzi m'magazi amtundu wa 24, chizolowezi cha ketoacidosis. Zodziwika:

kuwonetsera kowoneka bwino kapena kwaposachedwa kwa hypoglycemia komwe kumachitika nthawi zambiri,
kukhalabe ndi kulemera motsutsana ndi maziko a shuga ambiri,
kuchuluka kwa insulin, kuchulukitsa nthawi ya matendawa.
kutseguka kwa matenda opatsirana kapena njira zina kumathandizira kuzisonyeza zimayenderana ndi kagayidwe kazachilengedwe,
kuzindikira kwa acetone mkodzo.

Kodi chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga gestational ndi chiyani pakati pa mwana

Kuphatikiza apo, ndi matenda osakhazikika a matenda ashuga, malingaliro am'maganizo amasinthidwa. Zotsatira zake, odwala samakwiya, amakhala opanda nkhawa, amakhala ndi thanzi losavomerezeka komanso osakhudzidwa ndi okondedwa. Dziwani zambiri za kupsinjika kapena kusowa mphamvu, kulira kwambiri.

Gawo lodziwika bwino limayenera kuonedwa ngati kusintha kwamwadzidzidzi, kutaya chidwi mu zinthu zomwe mumakonda kale, ulesi, kudzipatula. Tchera khutu ku zizindikiro zosintha zaukali kapena chisangalalo. Chimodzi mwazizindikiro zimatchedwa kuti kuchokera kumanjako yakwadzidzidzi kumakhala chakudya, kunyalanyaza kudya chilichonse: mosasinthika, nthawi ina iliyonse masana.

Zambiri

CHIWERE, YAMBIRA? Zikhala zosangalatsa kwambiri!

Mudapambana mayeso kale. Simungayambenso.

Muyenera kulowa kapena kulembetsa kuti muyambe kuyesa.

Muyenera kumaliza mayeso otsatirawa kuti muyambitse izi:

Mayankho olondola: 0 kuyambira 9

Mudaponya 0 pa 0 0 (0)

Zotsatira zake

Zotsatira zanu

Zikomo chifukwa cha nthawi yanu! Nazi zotsatira zanu!

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya matenda ashuga

Munkhaniyi, mutha kuzolowera mitundu iyi ya matenda ashuga:

Pali mitundu ingapo ya matenda ashuga. Malinga ndi gulu la WHO, tanthauzo la matenda osokoneza bongo limaphatikizapo matenda angapo omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi chizindikiro chimodzi chodziwika: kuchuluka kwazowopsa zama shuga.

Zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawo apangidwe, matendawa ndi amitundu yonse, pomwe insulin singathe kuyendetsa shuga m'magazi, zimayambitsa zotsatira chimodzi: michere simalowa m'maselo, ndipo magazi amakhala ndi glucose wambiri.

Glucose, yemwe amakhala ochulukirapo m'malo omwe amapezeka, amatunga madzi m'maselo ndipo kudzera mu impso amachichotsa mthupi lambiri, potero amachithira madzi.

Izi zimawonetsedwa muzizindikiro zokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga: kukodza kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi (polyuria), ludzu losatha komanso kumwa kwambiri, khungu louma komanso mucous nembanemba.

Magulu ambiri a shuga akuphatikizira mitundu iyi yamatenda:

zobisika
kuthekera (kotenga chidwi ndi matendawa)
kapamba
matenda ashuga
extrapancreatic, chitukuko chake sichimagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa ma pathological mu kapamba (pituitary, thyrogenic, etc.)
postoperative (kumachitika ngati kupanikizika kwa opaleshoni yapamba)
wodalira insulin komanso wosadalira insulini
wamkulu ndi unyamata, komanso senile
matenda ashuga ndi matenda ashuga
labala.

Type 1 Shuga

Matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin amachitika ndipo amapita patsogolo chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa autoimmune (kapena viral) maselo ena apadera a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, insulin m'magazi sikuti imapezeka konse, kapena ilipo yochepa kwambiri, yopanda kugwiritsa ntchito shuga.

Type 1 shuga mellitus nthawi zambiri amakula ali aang'ono kapena achichepere ndipo amawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotchulidwa: polyuria, kumwa kwambiri, kumakhala ndi vuto losatha komanso kuperewera msanga thupi.

Masabata angapo zitatha zizindikiro zoyambirira, acetonuria imawonekera.

Chithandizo cha matenda amtundu wa shuga 1 amachepetsa kuchira kwatsopano ndikuchotsa insulin pakukonzekera.

Njira zina ndi njira zopewera matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin sizikupezeka mu zamakono.

Type 2 Shuga

Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga kapena matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amadalira insulin amadziwika ndi kusakhazikika kwa maselo a mthupi pazotsatira za inulin (kuchepa kwa insulin), komanso kuchepa kwakukulu kwa zochitika za maselo a pancreatic beta ndipo, chifukwa chake, kusakwanira katulutsidwe ka mahomoni.

Maselo (minofu, mafuta) nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma receptor omwe amamvera kwambiri insulin, yomwe imayendetsa shuga kuchokera m'magazi kupita m'maselo. Ma receptor awa akadzawonongeka, kukana kwa ma cell kumadzi kumaoneka. Ndi katulutsidwe wabwinobwino katemera wa insulin, kusagwirizana insulin cell zolandilira kuti amachititsa kukula kwa insulin kuchepa.

Mwazi wamagazi kwambiri akamadya kwambiri umapangitsa kuti insulini iwonjezeke, chifukwa kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mahomoni kumafunika kuti shuga agwiritsidwe ntchito.

Pang'onopang'ono, izi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta komanso kuchepa kwa insulin. Kunenepa kwambiri komanso kudya kwambiri kumathandizanso kuti pakhale vuto la insulin receptor cell dysfunction.

Zonsezi zimatha kuyambitsa matenda ashuga.

Mtundu wa matenda ashuga

Maonekedwe a matenda amishuga gestational ndiwotheka panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati. Nthawi zambiri, insulin imayendetsa shuga m'magazi, ndi gawo la insulin, shuga wosagwiritsidwa ntchito umayikidwa mu minofu ndi ziwalo.

Pa nthawi ya pakati, makamaka theka lachiwiri, kukula kwa fetal kumawonjezera kufunika kwa insulin, kupanga kwake kumakulimbikitsidwa.

Ngati chinsinsi cha insulini chikuchitika mosakwanira, vuto la insulin limayamba ndipo kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakulanso. Izi zimayambitsa matenda a shuga kwa amayi apakati, omwe amangochiritsa atabereka.

Mtundu wokhawo wa shuga omwe amachiritsa.

Mtundu Wopanda Matenda a shuga (LADA)

LADA ndi matenda a shuga a autoimmune omaliza mwa akulu. Ndi mawonekedwe apakati pakati pa matenda a shuga a mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2. Zimakhala zovuta kudziwa. Mtunduwu ndi wowopsa chifukwa umatha kudzipangitsa kukhala ngati mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga, ndiye kuti chithandizo chamankhwala sichingafanane ndi matendawa.

Njira za Autoimmune mu shuga yaposachedwa zimadziwika ndi kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono kwa maselo a pancreatic beta ndi chitetezo cha mthupi. Popeza chiwonongeko cha autoimmune chikuyenda pang'onopang'ono, odwala amatha kupita popanda chithandizo cha insulin kwa nthawi yayitali, mosiyana ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, pomwe ma cell a beta amakhalabe ali m'mapamba.

Chithandizo cha matenda am'mbuyomu matenda atayamba matendawa chimagwirizana ndi chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 2, koma kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono kwa maselo a beta ndikuwonjezera kuchepa kwa insulin mosavomerezeka kumabweretsa kusintha kwa insulin m'malo mwake.

Mtundu Wobisika wa Shuga

Matenda obisika a shuga ndi prediabetes, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi gawo loyambirira la matendawa. Glycemia ndi glucosuria mu gawo la prediabetes amasungidwa pamlingo wachilengedwe. Komabe, kuphwanya kwamatenda a glucose ndizodziwikiratu panthawiyi: pambuyo pokweza shuga, kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa glucose ku magawo achilengedwe kumachepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chizolowezi.

Matenda obisika amatha kukhala nthawi yayitali, mpaka zaka 10-15. Koma kuthekera kwa matenda am'mbuyomu kukhala matenda opatsirana kwatha kwambiri. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa kumapitilira kapena kupsinjika kwa kachiromboka. Matenda a shuga safunikira chithandizo chapadera, koma kuwunika kwa wodwala ndikofunikira.

Labile mtundu wa matenda ashuga

Mawu akuti "matenda a shuga" amatanthauza kusakhazikika kwa matendawa. Mosiyana ndi njira yokhazikika, labile imadziwika ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu pamlingo wa glycemia masana.

M'mawa ndi usiku, odwala amakhala ndi hyperglycemia komanso ludzu lalikulu. Pofika nthawi ya nkhomaliro, amapita ku hypoglycemia.

Maphunziro a lable ndi owopsa chifukwa cha ketoacidosis yomwe ili ndi chiwopsezo cha kusinthika kwa matenda ashuga.

Maphunziro otanganidwa omwe amasintha kwambiri hypoglycemia kupita ku hyperglycemia amadziwika ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a achinyamata. Njira yokhazikika imadziwika ndi matenda ashuga ochulukirapo. Maphunziro owonjezera amawonekera mu matenda oopsa a shuga.

Mtundu woperekera shuga

Matenda a shuga m'lingaliro lalikulu ndi kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya, komwe iwo akuyesera kuti athetse matenda a matenda. Kupeza zotsatira zoyenera sikungatheke mwa odwala onse; mkhalidwe wa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe mu wodwala aliyense ndi wosiyana.

Pali mitundu itatu ya matenda ashuga yomwe imatsimikiza kuchuluka kwa chindapusa cha shuga: kulipidwa, kulipidwa, komanso kuwonongeka.

Mu shuga yomwe imalipidwa, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumafanana ndi magawo a thupi, shuga mu mkodzo kulibe. Ndi shuga wambiri, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kupatuka pang'ono kuchokera pazofunikira, acetone mumkodzo sapezeka, glucosuria sichotsutsa.

Matenda a shuga ophatikizika ndi njira yoopsa yamatenda momwe matenda a metabolism amadzimadzi samachitika: glycemia, acetonuria ndi glucosuria akupitilizabe.

Matenda a shuga

Matenda a insipidus ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa chosowa kwambiri vasopressin. Vasopressin ndi timadzi tating'onoting'ono timene timatulutsa ma cell.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga insipidus ndikuyamba mwadzidzidzi pokodza kwambiri komanso ludzu. Nthawi zambiri, kuukira kumachitika pakati pausiku, kusokoneza kugona kwa odwala.

Kuchuluka kwa mkodzo patsiku kungafike mpaka malita 15, mkodzo ndi wopanda khungu, ndi mphamvu yochepa yotsika. Odwala amadwala matenda a anorexia ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuchepa thupi, kutopa kwambiri, kukwiya, kuchepa thukuta komanso khungu louma.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, gawo lowowerera - kodi kuzindikira izi kumatanthauza chiyani?

Gawo la kuwonongeka ndi pamene kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakhala kokwanira kwambiri chifukwa chakuti kuwonongeka kwa kagayidwe kazakudya kamene kamathandizidwa molakwika kapena sanalandire konse.

Pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta zakumaso zomwe zimatsagana ndi kusokonezeka kwa chikumbumtima ndi chikomokere. Osanenapo zowona kuti zovuta zovuta zimayamba msanga.

Patsamba lino muwerenga momwe mungayang'anire matenda a shuga 1. Tsatirani mosamala malangizowo.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1

Kodi mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga ndi otani?

Labile amatanthauza kusinthika. Kuzindikira koteroko kumapangidwa mu mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, pamene kapamba amataya kwathunthu kutulutsa insulin. Kuchuluka kwa chakudya kwambiri komwe kumadyedwa kumatha kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale kuwonjezeka pang'ono pa mlingo wa insulin kumayambitsa hypoglycemia.

Shuga amalumphira mmwamba ndi pansi, chifukwa njira ya matendawa imawonedwa ngati singasinthe. Labile mtundu 1 shuga ndiye mawonekedwe oyipitsitsa. Komabe, ngakhale imatha kulamulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zama carb otsika pang'ono komanso zina za Dr. Bernstein. Werengani zambiri zamankhwala pano. Chilimbikitso chambiri komanso kulangidwa ndizofunikira.

Ngati kapamba wasunganso kutulutsa pang'ono insulini, matendawa ndi osavuta. Matenda a shuga a Type 2 ndiosavuta kuyiwongolera kuposa mtundu woyamba wa shuga, makamaka chifukwa kupanga insulin yanu kumakhalabe. Zimangosowa pokhapokha pazovuta kwambiri komanso zosasiyidwa.

Ma insulin (opangidwa m'thupi) insulin amagwira ntchito ngati "pilo" womwe umasinthasintha kusinthasintha kwamisempha ya magazi.

Kuti ena mwa ma cell a beta akhale amoyo komanso azigwira ntchito, muyenera kusinthana ndi zakudya zama carb otsika msanga matenda atangoyamba kumene. Komanso, musakhale aulesi kuti mupeze insulini yotsika, muyezo wowerengeka ngati pakufunika.

Izi zimathandizira kapamba, amaziteteza kuti zisale kwambiri. Werengani apa za njira zowerengera kuchuluka kwa insulin.

Zovuta ndi kupewa kwawo

Mavuto a kukhudzika kwa glucose metabolism amagawidwa pachimake komanso chovuta (mochedwa). Odwala a shuga a Type 1 amawopa kwambiri matenda a impso, mawonekedwe, ndi phazi.

Matendawa amakhudza pafupifupi machitidwe onse a mthupi, kupatula, mwina, tsitsi la scalp. Werengani nkhani yatsatanetsatane "Mavuto a matenda ashuga."

Kuwopsa kwa zovuta zazikulu kuyenera kukupatsani chilimbikitso chotsatira boma mosamala ndikuwongolera shuga.

Mavuto owopsa amakula ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatsika kwambiri kapena kumakhalitsa kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali. Werengani nkhani zakuti "shuga wotsika wamagazi (hypoglycemia)" ndi "matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis" mwatsatanetsatane. Dziwani zambiri za njira zopewera. Mvetsetsani momwe mungaperekere chithandizo chamankhwala kwa wodwala.

Kukwaniritsa shuga wabwinobwino wa 4.0-5,5 mmol / L, monga anthu athanzi, kumathandiza kutsekeka kwamatenda am'mimba operewera. Zimasinthanso zina za izo.

Mankhwala ovomerezeka samalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Amakhulupirira kuti izi zimafunikira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Mlingo wambiri wa insulin, kupanga chiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia.

M'malo mwake, kusinthana ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa omwe amachepetsa insulini nthawi 2-8, imaletsa shuga wamagazi ndikulola kuti izikhala yolimba pamlingo womwe mukufuna.

Chakudya chopatsa mphamvu chamagulu ochepa a shuga 1 chikutsimikizirika kuti ndi chothandiza kupewa zovuta. Kutupa kwa mitsempha yotchedwa diabetesic neuropathy ndikosinthanso.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe amasunganso shuga awo mwanjira zabwinobwino, ulusi wamanjenje umachiritsidwa pang'onopang'ono. Makamaka, chidwi m'miyendo imabwezeretseka.

Mavuto amawonedwe komanso zolimbitsa impso zochepa.

Kodi munthu angadziwire bwanji tsogolo la wodwala?

Kutalika kwa nthawi yomwe wodwala wokhala ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 amadalira. Monga zonena zikupita, ngati wodwalayo akufunadi kukhala ndi moyo, ndiye kuti mankhwala alibe mphamvu ... Dr. Bernstein adadwala ali ndi zaka 12, zaka zopitilira 30 asanayambike magazi a glucose a nyumba.

Anali ndi zovuta zambiri. Kuyesako kunawonetsa kuchuluka kwamapuloteni mumkodzo, komwe ndi kufa kwa kuyandikira chifukwa cha impso.

Komabe, mothandizidwa ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa, kuwerengera molondola a mankhwala a insulini ndi zanzeru zina, adatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 83, kwinaku ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso malingaliro abwino.

Panthawi yolemba izi, Dr. Bernstein ali moyo ndipo ali ndi moyo wabwino, amagwira ntchito kwa maola ambiri tsiku lililonse ndi odwala, kukoka chitsulo mu masewera olimbitsa thupi, osasiya.

Anayambanso kugwira ntchito yaimpso chifukwa cha shuga wambiri wabwinobwino. Komabe, zolimbikitsira zambiri zimafunikira kutsatira regimen tsiku lililonse.

Kutalika kwa moyo kumakhala kochepa mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, akudzifufuza, akudwala miyendo, kapena akudwala.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga

Kukhala ndi pakati pa matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba kumakhala ndi zoopsa zomwe nthawi zambiri azimayi safuna kuziganizira.

Kuchepa kwa shuga kwa glucose kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mavuto kwa mayi ndi mwana wosabadwayo kangapo, poyerekeza ndi anthu omwe ali ndi shuga yokhazikika ya magazi.

Choyipa chachikulu ndi chakuti, kutenga pakati kumathandizira kuyamba kwa khungu ndi kulephera kwa impso. Maganizo ndi osayenera ndi izi:

glycated hemoglobin 7.0% ndi pamwamba,
matenda a impso aukali komanso koposa,
proliferative retinopathy (kuwonongeka kwa maso ndi matenda ashuga),
matenda a mtima, angina osakhazikika,
matenda opatsirana opatsirana - chifuwa chachikulu, pyelonephritis, etc.

Kukhala ndi pakati ndikosayeneranso kwa amayi omwe amakakamizidwa kumwa mapiritsi kuti athetse matenda oopsa. Chifukwa nthawi yonyamula mwana ndikuyamwa, kuyamwa kwa mankhwala oopsa kuyenera kuti kuthetsedwa. Izi zimatha kudwala matendawa, zimawononga impso komanso zimayambitsa zovuta zina.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa miyezi ingapo musanatenge pathupi kuti mudzapeze chindapusa chokhudza kagayidwe kazakudya. Glycated hemoglobin sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 6.0%. Mkazi ayenera kukhala ndi luso lotha kudziletsa, makamaka, kuwerengera koyenera kwa mankhwala a insulin.

Ngati mumatha kuthana ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba wokhala ndi zakudya zamagulu ochepa, simuyenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu muzakudya. Maonekedwe a ma ketoni mumkodzo samakulitsa chiopsezo cholakwika. M'zaka zaposachedwa, aku America apeza zambiri zotsogola pakudya chamagulu ochepa a carb.

Izi zinali zabwino. Werengani nkhani yoti "Matenda Ovuta Kubereka" kuti mumve zambiri.

Zotsatira zoyipa za mtundu woyamba za abambo ndi chiyani?

Zotheka ndi zovuta za matenda amtundu 1 kwa amuna:

kufooka kwa potency,
kuchepa kwa msanga kapena mosachedwa,
bweretsani kutulutsa mawu,
testosterone wotsika magazi
kusabereka

Zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto ambiri omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa ndi neuropathy - kuwonongeka kwamanjenje. Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti mutha kuthana ndi izi. Kutsatira malingaliro a Dr. Bernstein, mutha kusunga shuga wa magazi 4.0-5,5 mmol / l maola 24 tsiku lililonse. Chifukwa cha izi, mwayi wanu wamwamuna umasintha pakapita nthawi.

Tsoka ilo, kuwonjezera pa neuropathy, kusokonezeka kwa glucose metabolism imathandizira kukulitsa mapangidwe a atherosulinotic m'matumbo. Komanso, ziwiya zomwe zimadzaza mbolo ndi magazi zimayamba kuvutika chifukwa cha m'mimba mwake yaying'ono. Vutoli lilibe yankho labwino.

Mapiritsi a Viagra, Levitra ndi Cialis atha kuthandiza kwakanthawi. Tekinoloje yatsopano imalonjeza kupanga njira zoyeretsera ziwiya, koma pakadali pano palibe. Mutha kuphunzira zambiri zosangalatsa zakuthana ndi mavuto a potency munkhani ya "Chithandizo cha Matenda A shuga A 2".

Izi ndizothandiza kwa amuna omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 1.

Kodi mavitamini ofunika kumwa ndi ati?

Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba a shuga amakhulupirira kuti mavitamini amatsenga ena amawateteza ku zovuta za matendawa. Tsoka ilo, mavitamini oterewa sanapezekepo. Chithandizo chokha chokhacho ndikuwonetsetsa shuga wa magazi ndikamayikhalabe yolimba pamlingo wa anthu athanzi.

Mutha kuyesa mavitamini osiyanasiyana okhala ndi zosakaniza zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Mavitamini a American Alive.

Koma palibe amene angalonjeze kuti adzabweretsa phindu lina popewa zovuta za kagayidwe kazakudya.

Mavitamini wamba a anthu odwala matenda ashuga, omwe amagulitsidwa muma pharmacies, ali ndi Mlingo wambiri wosagwira ntchito wa zinthu motero alibe ntchito.

Zakudya zamagetsi zimatithandizira kukhala ndi mapiritsi a polynicotine komanso chromic amathandiza kuthana ndi kudwala kokhazikika kwa chakudya. Koma izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, osati mtundu 1.

Kumwa mapiritsi a magnesium kumatha kukulitsa chidwi cha minofu ndikumapangitsa inshuwaransi komanso kuchepetsa zizindikiro zina zambiri zosasangalatsa.

Ngati mwayamba kukana insulini, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito magnesium kuwonjezera pa mankhwala a metformin (Siofor, Glucofage).

Mankhwala a Mildronate, komanso mavitamini a B, samathandiza konse kuchokera ku dzanzi m'miyendo yoyambitsidwa ndi matenda amitsempha ya m'mimba, ndi zizindikiro zina za zovuta izi.

Odwala ambiri akufunafuna mtundu wina wa madontho amaso kapena zozizwitsa zamaso. Palibe mtundu wamtunduwu womwe ulipo.

Diso limatsika ndi taurine (mwachitsanzo, Taufon) alibe ngakhale matenda ashuga a retinopathy m'ndandanda wazidziwitso zothandizira. Osadalira iwo.

Kukhazikitsidwa kokha kwa shuga wamagazi kochokera pakudya chama carb ochepa komwe kumatha kuteteza ku zovuta zamasomphenya.

Matenda owopsa

Malinga ndikuvuta, SD-1 imagawika m'mitundu yayikulu (makamaka) komanso yapakati. Njira zolimba zimaperekedwa pathebulo 5. Kukula kwa matendawa kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi mtundu wa njira yake - chizolowezi cha ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, komanso kupezeka kwa gawo la chitukuko cha mtima.

Pa matenda oopsa a matenda a shuga 1, mitundu ya ketoacidosis imakhala yodziwika bwino. Njira yotere ya matendawa imachitika chifukwa chakutha kwathunthu kwa mankhwala amkati a insulin ndipo, chifukwa chake, njira za metabolic zimadalira kwambiri zovuta zakunja - insulin yoyendetsedwa, zakudya, kupsinjika ndi zina.

Gome 4. Zofananizira za mitundu yayikulu ya matenda ashuga

Tebulo 5. Njira zoyesera zowonera za matenda ashuga

* - amapezeka mwa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga a mellitus (DM-2).

Njira yosasangalatsa kwambiri yovuta kwambiri mtundu wa 1 shuga ndi matenda ashuga. Zochitika zowonjezera za matenda osokoneza bongo ndizosowa, zimadziwika ndi kusintha kwakuthwa kosasinthika pamlingo wa glycemia masana, kunena mobwerezabwereza kwa ketosis, ketoacidosis, pamodzi ndi pafupipafupi hypoglycemia popanda zifukwa zomveka.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, mawonekedwe oopsa a matendawa amasonyezedwa makamaka ndi matchulidwe obwera mochedwa: kupatsirana komanso kuchuluka kwa retinopathy, nephropathy mu gawo la proteinuria ndi kulephera kwa aimpso, matenda am'mimba a chifuwa cham'mimba amtundu wamatumbo am'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba. encephalopathy ndi ena

Njira yachipatala ya CD-2 imadziwika ndi kuyamba pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono, popanda chizindikiro chowonekera cha kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, komwe matendawa nthawi zambiri sadziwika kwa zaka zingapo ndipo amadziwika ndi ngozi mwadzidzidzi kapena akakumana ndi dokotala pakuyamba kuyamwa khungu, kuyamwa furunculosis, fungal matenda. Zizindikiro monga ludzu, polyuria imakhalapo kapena yofatsa. Kulemera kwa thupi nthawi zambiri sikuchepa

Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga amadziwika nthawi yoyamba kukaonana ndi dokotala chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimachitika mochedwa: kuwonongeka kwa m'maso, kupweteka komanso / kapena kupweteka kwa m'miyendo, etc. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika patatha zaka 6-8 matenda atayamba.

Njira ya matenda a shuga a 2 ndi okhazikika, popanda chizolowezi cha ketoacidosis. Phindu labwino mwa odwala ambiri limatheka pokhazikitsa zakudya zokha kapena zakudya zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga a pakamwa.

Popeza mtundu uwu wa shuga umayamba kupezeka mwa anthu opitilira zaka 40, kuphatikiza kwake ndi atherosulinosis kumawonedwa, komwe kumakonda kupita patsogolo ndikupanga zovuta - myocardial infarction, pachimake cerebrovascular ngozi, m'munsi miyendo gangore.

SD-2 molingana ndi kuzunzika imagawidwa m'mitundu itatu: yofatsa, yochepa komanso yolimba. Fomu yofesayo imadziwika ndi kuthekera kolipirira matendawa pokhapokha pakudya kapena pakudya limodzi ndi kutenga piritsi limodzi la PTSP. Mwayi wophatikizika kwake ndi gawo loyambirira (preclinical) la angiopathy silabwino.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga okwanira, kubwezeretsa kwa zovuta za metabolic ndi mapiritsi awiri a 2 a PTSP ndizofanana. Mwina kuphatikiza ndi magawo a ntchito ya mtima.

Woopsa, kubweza kumatheka chifukwa cha kuphatikiza PTSP ndi insulin, kapena pokhapokha chifukwa cha insulin. Pakadali pano, chiwonetsero chovuta cha kupsinjika kwa mtima kumadziwika - gawo la organic la chitukuko cha retinopathy, nephropathy, angiopathy yam'munsi, encephalopathy, chiwonetsero chachikulu cha neuropathy chitha kupezeka.

Mkhalidwe wa metabolism wa carbohydrate mu shuga imadziwika ndi chipukuta misozi, malipiro ndi kubwezeretsa.

Gawo lamalipiro a odwala matenda a shuga limakhazikitsidwa pokhapokha ngati chizindikiro cha kutsika (ludzu, polyuria, kufooka, ndi zina zotere), matenda a metabolism a carbohydrate: kusala kudya kwachilengedwe komanso masana, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) 1% yochepa kuposa 7% kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu 1 komanso osakwana 6.5% kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2.

Hyperglycemia chibadwa cha kuwonongeka kwa matenda ashuga ndizomwe zimayambitsa njira zambiri za pathogenetic, kuphatikizapo dyslipidemia, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zama mtima. Pankhani imeneyi, pakalipano, komanso kukwaniritsa zofunika kwa kagayidwe kazakudya, mawonekedwe a lipid metabolism amatchulidwanso ku njira yolipirira matenda a shuga. Pamene kagayidwe kabwino ka lipid kamapezeka, chiopsezo chokhala ndi mavuto am'mimba ndizochepa.

Pakadali pano, pamodzi ndi zizindikiro za kagayidwe kazakudya ndi lipid metabolism, kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumathandizanso ndikuwongolera magawo a shuga mellitus. Pamene zizindikiro zowongolera zikuchulukirachulukira, chiwopsezo cha macro- ndi microvascular complication chimakulanso.

Kuchulukitsa kwa shuga kumadziwika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zizindikiro zomwe zimadziwika panthawi yovunda komanso kuyandikira kwa zizindikiro za carbohydrate ndi lipid metabolism.

T.I. Rodionova

Chithandizo ndi kupewa

Kuti muzindikire ndi kupeza matenda otere, ndikofunikira kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pambuyo pa maola 4 aliwonse kwa milungu iwiri. Kuyeza kuyenera kuchitika nthawi ya masana komanso usiku. Pambuyo pakuwonetsetsa, muyenera kusanthula zolemba, ndikupita nawo kwa akatswiri kuti akapeze mlingo woyenera wa mankhwalawo.

Kuti kukhazikika kwa kagayidwe kazakudya mthupi, odwala amathandizidwa ndi zakudya zapadera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chakudya chizikhala ndi zovuta.

Pofuna kupewa kusinthasintha kwamphamvu m'magazi a magazi, pali njira zingapo zomwe zingalimbikitsidwe. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yochepa ndikuyiyendetsa kangapo ka 5 kwa maola 24 musanadye. Ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa glucose maola anayi aliwonse kwa sabata komanso nthawi yomweyo kuwunika thanzi la chipangizo choyeza ndi zida zolimira insulin. Ndikofunikanso kutsatira njira yolimbikitsira yochita.