Matenda a shuga 2ell

Pakadali pano, "malungo okoma" ndivuto lalikulu kwambiri la anthu. Nthawi yomweyo, odwala matenda a shuga a 2nd degree (osadalira insulini) amakula nthawi zambiri kuposa gawo loyamba la matenda (wodalira insulin).

Malinga ndi RDA, kuyambira pa Januware 1, 2016, anthu pafupifupi 415 miliyoni padziko lonse azaka zapakati pa 20 mpaka 79 adadwala matenda ashuga, pomwe 90% idali yachiwiri.

Kodi zimayambitsa matenda amenewa ndi chiyani? Momwe mungadzire nokha ndi okondedwa anu kuchokera ku mtundu 2 wa shuga? Tiyeni tiyese kuyankha mafunso awa.

Zizindikiro

Matenda a shuga amakhazikika pachikhalidwe, chifukwa cha izi ndikofunikira kuti apangidwe kafukufuku wa labotale. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi kuyezetsa magazi komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuposa kuwulula kutentha, mawonekedwe ndi gawo la matenda. Kuyesereranso kwa glucose kumafunikiranso.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti mupeze matendawa komanso kupatula mtundu 1 wa shuga. Kenako sizipweteka kuyesedwa ndi katswiri, endocrinologist, oculist ndi neuropathologist kuti mumve zambiri zofunikira pankhani yathanzi lanu.

Kuchita ndi ultrasound ndikofunikira payekhapayekha, chifukwa mayesedwe othandizawa amatha kudziwa zomwe zitha kuwononga thupi ndikuwonetsa zotsatira za matenda.

Zimayambitsa matenda a shuga mellitus 2 degrees

Matenda a shuga ndi gulu la pathologies a endocrine ochokera komwe. Matendawa amadziwika ndi kuperewera kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwa kupangika kwa mahomoni omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi - insulin.

Type 2 shuga mellitus amapezeka makamaka atakula, kuyambira pafupifupi 40 mpaka 40 zaka. Zikagwira ntchito molakwika m'thupi, thupi limayamba kuyankha mosiyanasiyana ku insulin yotulutsa. Njira yotereyi imatchedwa insulin kukana. Popita nthawi, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumadziunjikira m'magazi, ndipo sikugwiritsa ntchito. Mosiyana ndi matenda amtundu woyamba wa shuga, omwe chithandizo cha insulin ndi chofunikira, ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda osokoneza bongo a 2 mu mawonekedwe ofatsa, mutha kuchita popanda mankhwala.

Ndiye, kodi ndi chifukwa chani chomwe matendawa amakulira? Mpaka pano, asayansi ndi madokotala sangapereke yankho lenileni la funso ili. Mu maphunziro ambiri, zinthu zingapo zokwanira zayikidwa patsogolo zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wa matenda ashuga a 2. Zina mwa izo ndi:

1. Kudziletsa. Kukhalapo kwa abale omwe ali ndi matenda omwewo kumakulitsa kwambiri mwayi wokhala ndi matendawa.
2. Mtundu. Kafukufuku wa asayansi amati mpikisano wothamanga wa Negroid ndi 30% wopezeka ndi matenda a shuga.
3. Kunenepa kwambiri Kunenepa kwambiri komanso "matenda okoma" kupitiliranani. Ngati thupi labwinobwino limachulukirapo kangapo, chiopsezo chotenga matenda a endocrine chimakulanso.
4. Jenda ya munthu. Zawoneka kuti mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga 2 amapezeka kwambiri mwa akazi kuposa amuna.
5. Kuperewera kwa mahomoni. Mankhwala osinthika mahomoni nthawi ya kutha msinkhu mu 30% ya milandu imabweretsa mkhalidwe wa hyperglycemia. Asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti kuwonjezeka kwa glucose pakutha msinkhu kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi kukula kwa mahomoni.
6. Mimba Pakadali pano, zosintha zikuchitika m'thupi la mayi woyembekezera. Kuphatikiza apo, matendawa amatha kupezeka, omwe nthawi zambiri amabadwa mwana. Komabe, ndi chithandizo chosayenera, shuga ya gestational imadutsa mu shuga mellitus wa digiri yachiwiri.

Palinso zinthu zina, zomwe pakati pawo pamakhala moyo wosagwira ntchito, kukanika kwa chiwindi.

Momwe mungadziwire matenda a shuga?

Gawo lachiwiri la matenda ashuga ndilochenjera kwambiri. Matendawa kwa zaka zingapo amatha kuoneka ngati amisala komanso osasokoneza munthu, koma pakapita nthawi amadzimva.

Kuzindikira kwakanthawi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga kumatha kupulumutsa wodwalayo kuchipatala komanso zovuta zina za matendawa - retinopathy, matenda ashuga, nephropathy ndi ena.

Kodi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndi ati? Zizindikiro zazikulu ziwiri ndi polyuria (kukodza mwachangu) ndi ludzu losatha. Munthu amafuna kumamwa pafupipafupi ndikupita kuchimbudzi kuti akachepetse chosowa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa impso. Monga mukudziwa, chiwalochi chimasefa magazi ndikuchotsa poizoni m'thupi, makamaka glucose owonjezera. Pachifukwa ichi, impso zimafunikira madzimadzi omwe alibe, ndiye kuti amayamba kukoka kuchokera ku zimakhala. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amadandaula chifukwa cha ludzu komanso kuyamwa pafupipafupi.

Mutu ndi chizungulire ndizizindikiro zofala za matenda a shuga. Amachitika chifukwa cha "njala" yama cell mu ubongo. Glucose ndimphamvu yopanga maselo ndi minyewa yonse yathupi, koma popeza imunjikana m'magazi, maselo sawalandira. Thupi limayamba kuyang'ana magwero ena amphamvu, mwachitsanzo, maselo amafuta. Akawola, poizoni yemwe amatchedwa "matupi a ketone" amasulidwa. Amayamwa thupi lonse, makamaka ubongo. Zotsatira zake zapathupi, odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala chizungulire kapena mutu.

Matenda a shuga amayambitsa pafupifupi machitidwe onse a ziwalo zamkati, chifukwa chake ali ndi chithunzi chachikulu chachipatala. Zizindikiro zochepa za matendawa ndi izi:

• kuwonda msanga
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• dzanzi lam'munsi ndi kumtunda kwamiyendo,
• kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe,
• Maonekedwe a zilonda m'miyendo,
• kuchiritsa kwa bala
• kulakalaka
• kusamba kwa msambo,
• kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira, kuwonetsedwa ndi chimfine pafupipafupi,
• mavuto azakugonana (onse amuna ndi akazi),
• kufooka kosalekeza, ulesi, kugona tulo.

Ngakhale musazindikire zizindikiro zonse za matenda ashuga, koma ochepa okha mwaiwo, muyenera kufunsa thandizo la endocrinologist. Adotolo, atamuyesa wodwalayo, adzatha kumuwongolera kuti akayeze shuga.

Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufukuyu, katswiriyo amadziwikitsa moyenera.

Kuzindikira matenda ashuga 2 digiri

Pali njira zambiri zodziwira matendawa. Iliyonse mwazomwe zili ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake, koma posankha njira, zinthu ziwiri ziyenera kukumbukiridwa, monga liwiro la kafukufuku komanso kulondola kwa zotsatira.

Chodziwika kwambiri ndi kusanthula kwa magazi kwa capillary. Magazi am'mawa amatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa. Pali malamulo ena pokonzekera kusanthula koteroko. Tsiku latha, simungathe kudzipanikiza ndi zolimbitsa thupi ndipo pali maswiti ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati wodwalayo ali ndi chimfine kapena chimfine, watopa pambuyo poti asinthe usiku, amayenera kuyesereranso tsiku lina mayesowo kuti apewe zotsatira zolakwika za phunzirolo. Mulingo wabwinobwino wa shuga ndi pakati pa 3.3 ndi 5.5 mmol / L. Kuchulukitsitsa kwa glucose pamtunda wa 6.1 mmol / L kumawonetsa momveka bwino hyperglycemia, pomwe adotolo amafotokozera kuyesedwa kwa shuga.

Kuyesedwa kwa glucose kuloleza, wodwalayo amakhetsedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kenako amapatsidwa chakumwa cha madzi otsekemera (madzi - 300 ml, shuga - 100 mg). Kuphatikiza magazi kumachitika mphindi 30 zilizonse kwa maola awiri. Chizindikiro chabwinobwino ndi kuphatikizira kwa glucose mpaka 7.8 mmol / L. Ngati zotsatira zoyesedwa zikuwonetsa phindu loposa 11 mmol / l, izi zikuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi a glycogemoglobin kumapereka mwayi wodziwa kukula kwa matendawa. Imachitika kwa nthawi yayitali (pafupifupi miyezi 2-3).

Nthawi zina mkodzo umasinthidwa wa acetone ndi shuga mkati mwake. Munthu wathanzi sayenera kukhala ndi zinthu zotere mu mkodzo. Chifukwa chake, kupezeka kwawo mkodzo kungasonyeze matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga.

Pankhani yakuya, magawo atatu a shuga 2 amadziwika:

1. Gawo lofooka limachoka popanda chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha matenda ashuga. Ndende ya shuga - osaposa 10 mmol / l.
2. Gawo lapakati limadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro za matenda ashuga, shuga ochulukirapo 10 mmol / l, ndi kupezeka kwa shuga mkodzo.
3. Gawo lolimba - mkhalidwe momwe muli zizindikiro, zovuta za matenda ashuga, wodwalayo ali pachiwopsezo chambiri chodwala. Pankhaniyi, insulin mankhwala ndi yofunika.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali madigiri atatu a kupita patsogolo kwa matenda - prediabetes, latent ndi shuga.

Chithandizo cha magawo onse chimachitika aliyense payekhapayekha.

Type 2 shuga

Mpaka pano, palibe "mapiritsi amatsenga" omwe angachiritse matendawo. Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga ndi njira yayitali kwambiri yomwe imafuna chisamaliro ndi chipiriro. Ndikosatheka kuchiritsa, koma ndizotheka kukhazikika pamlingo wa shuga ndikuchotsa chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga.

Chithandizo cha "matenda okoma" chimaphatikizapo zakudya zoyenera, masewera olimbitsa thupi, mankhwala ndikuwunika glycemia pafupipafupi. Tidzakuuzani mwatsatanetsatane za gawo lililonse la mankhwalawa.

Zakudya zamankhwala. Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kupatula zakudya zomanga zomwe zimapezeka m'thupi komanso zakudya zamafuta m'zakudya. Wodwala ayenera kuyiwala za izi:

• zipatso zokoma - mphesa, nkhuyu, mango, yamatcheri ndi zina,
• nyama yamafuta ndi nsomba - nkhumba, nyama ya nkhuku, hering'i, nsomba, trout ndi zina zambiri,
• maswiti - chokoleti, maswiti, makeke, madzi otsekemera, makeke,
• zopangidwa mkaka zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri,
• zakudya zokazinga.

M'malo mwake, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudya zipatso zambiri zosapsa ndi zipatso (raspberries, mabulosi akuda, mavwende), masamba (nkhaka, tomato) ndi zitsamba. Chakudya chimayenera kugawidwa m'magawo a 4-6, wodwala ndi bwino kudya zakudya zazing'ono, koma pafupipafupi.

Kuti musunge shuga wabwinobwino, muyenera kuwongolera kunenepa kwanu. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amalangizidwa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ikhoza kukhala kusambira, kuthamanga, masewera, yoga, Pilates, ndi zina zambiri. Ngati simungathe kuchita masewera nthawi zonse, muyenera kuyenda osachepera mphindi 30 patsiku.

Dziwani kuti pagawo losavuta la matendawa, kusewera masewera ndikukhalanso ndi chakudya chamagulu, mutha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa glucose popanda mankhwala.

Komabe, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa matenda ashuga, pamene zizindikiro zambiri zimawonekera, ndipo kapamba amatayika, palibe njira yopita popanda mankhwala. Ndikosatheka kuchita nawo mankhwala omwe mumapanga nokha ndi matenda otere, ndikofunikira kufunsa dokotala.

Maziko othandizira ndi mankhwala a hypoglycemic a matenda ashuga. Pakadali pano pali mankhwala ambiri omwe amachepetsa shuga, otchuka kwambiri ndi Metformin, Glucobai, Januvia, Siofor, Diabeteson ndi ena.

Zachidziwikire, sitiyenera kuyiwala za kupenda kwamiseche wamagazi pafupipafupi.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga, odwala amalangizidwa kuti azitsatira glycemia ndi glucometer katatu patsiku.

Njira zochizira odwala matenda ashuga

Mankhwala ena sangathe kuchiritsa kwathunthu, koma kuphatikiza mankhwala othandizira kumapangitsa thanzi la wodwalayo kukhala labwino. Pali mankhwala azikhalidwe omwe amatha kutsitsa shuga wamagazi, komanso omwe amawonjezera chitetezo cha mthupi.

Chifukwa chake, ndimomwe mungachiritsire matenda ashuga ndi maphikidwe a mankhwala achikhalidwe? Makolo athu anapatsirana njira zapadera zomwe zimathandiza kulimbana ndi matendawa. Nawa ochepa a iwo:

1. Malingaliro a masamba a mabulosi am'madzi, maukonde ndi lingonberry zimathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa kapamba, womwe umatha chifukwa chodwala.
2. Zodzikongoletsera za juniper, masamba a nyemba, zachifundo zamankhwala, masamba ndi dandelion, mabulosi oyera, komanso msuzi wochokera ku sauerkraut zimathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikuchotsa chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga.
3. Tincture wa walnuts, anyezi ndi masamba a cuff bwino amachepetsa mulingo wa glycemia ndikuwonjezera chitetezo cha munthu.
4. Kupititsa patsogolo thanzi la azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2, kutsika kwa masamba a lilac kumathandiza.

Tiyenera kukumbukira za njira zopewera matendawa, monga: kukana mowa ndi kusuta, nkhondo yolimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kupewa nkhawa zambiri. Chifukwa chake, munthu amatha kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matendawa.

Taphunzira kuti shuga ndi chiyani, zikuwonekeratu chifukwa chake mankhwala alibe mphamvu polimbana ndi matendawa. Tsoka ilo, palibe mankhwala omwe angachotsere matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Komabe, kupititsa patsogolo kwa matendawa kumatha kuimitsidwa ndikutsatira moyo wokangalika, njira yokhazikika yoperekera zakudya kwa odwala matenda ashuga, kutsatira malingaliro onse a dokotala pazachipatala, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe a mankhwala achikhalidwe molondola.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi ayankhula za matenda ashuga komanso mawonekedwe a matendawa.

Kupewa

Kuti mupewe kuzindikira izi ndi zoona, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo awa:

1. Idyani pomwe popewa kudya zakudya zamafuta ochepa,
2. Nthawi zonse onetsetsani chidwi chanu komanso kulemera kwanu,
3. kupereka gawo lamalingaliro,
4. pewani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira malire,
5. khalani moyo wokangalika
6. siyiratu zizolowezi zovulaza thupi,
7. Limbikitsani chitetezo chanu.

Komanso, odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo, komanso anthu onse, amayenera kukayezetsa magazi pafupipafupi kuti athe kuwunika mayendedwe a glucose ndikuzindikira panthawi yovomerezeka ya shuga yachiwiri. Ngati zizindikiro zoopsa zikuwoneka, ndiye kuti katswiri ayenera kulumikizidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti matenda omwe ali ndi vuto lanu ndiwosatha, ndiye kuti sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu. Komabe, ndizotheka kuyang'anira momwe thanzi limakhalira, ndipo izi zimafunikira njira yophatikizira.

Choyamba, muyenera kuyendera katswiri wazakudya, yemwe payekha amasankha zakudya zovomerezeka ndi zochizira. Zakudya zomwe akuyembekezerazo ziyenera kufanana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, ndipo zovuta zamankhwala osokoneza bongo ziyenera kusinthidwa ndi mavitamini olemera ndikugaya mosavuta. Mafuta amalandiridwa makamaka kuchokera kumera, ndipo mapuloteni amaloledwa zochuluka. Zakudya zoterezi zimayenera kukhalapo mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo, apo ayi matenda ashuga achiwiri adzasunthira thupi pafupipafupi ndi zosasangalatsa komanso zowopsa m'moyo.

M'mafanizo azachipatala omwe chithandizo chachipatala choterechi chilibe ntchito, dokotalayo amapereka mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga omwe amachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ndikofunika kusiya kupsinjika kwamalingaliro, zizolowezi zoyipa ndi kulimbikira ntchito, ndipo machitidwe onsewa, omwe amathandizidwa ndikumwa mankhwala ena, amatha kuwongolera zomwe zimachitika kwa wodwala wamba. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pafupipafupi, pokhapokha matendawo atha kupita patsogolo.

Zokambirana ndi ndemanga (1)

ndi matenda a shuga, kuwonjezera pamankhwala, mavitamini a gulu B amafunikira, komanso momordica. Ndikudziwa kuti ambiri amalima, koma sindingathe ndipo sizivuta kugula. Ndipo ndinazindikira mwangozi kuti, ngakhale mavitamini, ali mu Insuvite, yankho la Vitamini kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Ndipo yosavuta komanso yabwino komanso nthawi zonse ili pafupi.