Mchipinda chamsonkhano wa Diamyd Biotechnical Enterprise ku Kungsgatan ku Stockholm, pali mbale ina yodzazidwa ndi corks za champagne.

“Tinkachita zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Magalimoto ambiri amtunduwu amawonekera ngakhale ndisanayambe kugwira ntchito kuno. Koma ndikhulupilira kuti posachedwa padzakhala zochulukirapo, "atero Ulf Hannelius, yemwe anali wamkulu wa Diamyd kuyambira Epulo.

Mankhwala akapanda kugwira ntchito

Pa umodzi mwamsewu, 2009, amalembera inki yakuda: "kroons 99 pa gawo lililonse". Masiku ano, kampani yogulitsa imakhala yotsika mtengo kwambiri - pafupifupi korona zinai. Kutsika kwa 85 peresenti kunachitika mu Meyi 2011 pambuyo pa Diamyd atapereka kafukufuku yemwe sanapeze wopambana wa gawo - mndandanda wotsiriza wa mayeso mankhwala asanatulutsidwe. Zinali zochizira matenda ashuga amtundu 1. Nthawi imeneyo, kuchotsedwako kunachitika, ndipo mwa antchito makumi atatu, asanu ndi awiri okha ndi omwe adatsalira.

Nthawi yamsika yogulitsa masheya mu Meyi 2011, wamkulu wakale adayamba kukayikiridwa pamsika wamalonda. Anagulitsa zonse zomwe amagulitsa kampaniyo zotsatira zofufuza zopanda pake zisanadziwike, zomwe zimapangitsa phindu la kampaniyo. Pambuyo pake, Economic Crimes Investigation Agency idatseka kufufuzako.

"Ndikakumbukira zakale, ndikuwona mbiri ya bizinesi makamaka monga kuphatikiza zabwino komanso zoyipa. Mu 2011, sitinathe kukwaniritsa gawo lachitatu, koma tinaphunzira zambiri, ndipo titha kunena, lolola kampani kuphunzira izi, "akutero Ulf Hannelius.

"Pakafukufuku wachitatu mu 2011, zonse zidali pachiwopsezo. Miyezi yoyesererayo ikangotsimikizira kuti palibe chotsatira, sipanapite patali, ”akutero mkuluyo.

Masiku ano, kampaniyo yachita kale zoyeserera zingapo za chipatala chachigawo chachiwiri, chomwe chimawononga pafupifupi ma krooni awiri miliyoni pamwezi. Kuyesayesa konse ndikulinga kuti mupange katemera wa matenda a shuga 1.

"Maphunziro athu anayi ali okhudzana ndi chithandizo cha matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba. "Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa odwala akangomupeza, kuti muone momwe amalepheretsira matendawa."

Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti katemera yekhayo kapena kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala ena amaletsa matendawa kapena kuchedwetsa kuyambika. Malinga ndi mapulani, kafukufuku adzamalizidwa mu nthawi imodzi mpaka zaka zisanu.

"Tikufuna kuchiritsa odwala kwathunthu, koma mankhwala oyamba omwe timutulutsa azitha kuteteza kuti matendawa asathe msanga. Izi zikachita bwino, kufunikira kwa insulini kumachepa kwambiri, ”akutero Ulf Hannelius.

- Mtengo wosinthanitsa wa Diamyd ndi makrooni miliyoni 140. Kodi mumapikisana bwanji ndi zimphona zazikulu zamakampani ogulitsa mankhwala?

“Sitipikisana ndi zimphona. Amaloleza mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, monga athu, kuti aziika pachiwopsezo koyambirira kwa kafukufuku, ndipo tikamagwira ntchito yonse ndipo nthawi ikakwana yoti ayambitse mankhwalawo pamsika, amakhala othandizana nawo. Tikulankhulana pafupipafupi ndi makampani akuluakulu opanga mankhwala ndipo tikukambirana za mgwirizano. ”

"Chimachitika ndi chiani mukamaganiza mwanzeru?"

"Kudzakhala kusintha komanso kuwonekera kwakukulu pamsika. "Sipanakhalepo mankhwala ochizira matenda a autoimmune, ndipo lingaliro lathu lingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ndi matenda ena."

"Ndiye kodi mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga ulipo liti?"

"Ndikuganiza kuti zidzatenga zaka zisanu kapena khumi.Tikukhulupirira kuti izi zimachitika posachedwa, koma mayesero azachipatala amatenga nthawi, "atero Ulf Hannelius, Executive Director wa Diamyd.

Ngati mungayang'ane mbiri yofunsira (google, Yandex, rambler, ndi zina) aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga (makamaka mtundu woyamba), pamenepo padzakhala malire ndi malo atatu, mafunso atatu ofunsira:
Kodi anthu odwala matenda ashuga amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Kodi wodwala matenda ashuga amakumana ndi mavuto otani?
ndi ...
Kodi mankhwala a matenda ashuga adzapangidwa liti?
Ndi mafunso awiri oyamba, zonse ndizomveka bwino komanso zomveka - yankho limaperekedwa pafupifupi patsamba lililonse komanso patsamba:
ngati simufuna kubayidwa ndi kulipiritsa shuga, mudzapindika kwa zaka zisanu mpaka khumi,
ngati mudzagonjera shuga, mudzakhala ndi moyo zaka 20-25, koma mukusonkhana zovuta zambiri (sindizilemba pamwambapa) kuti nokha simukufuna kukhala ndi moyo,
ngati mukuchita nawo bwino ntchito yolipira, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, kuyendera madotolo ndikumayesa (zonsezi zimafunikira kuyesetsa kwakukulu, mwakuthupi komanso mwamaganizidwe, ndi zachuma), mutha kupulumuka ndikukhalanso wathanzi (Popeza sitikhala ndi anthu athanzi ku Russia, " ").
Koma nali funso lachitatu. Eya, liti.
Nditawerenga zotsatira za funso langa, ndidapeza zambiri zomwe zanenedwa kuti "sitepe imodzi yothandizira odwala matenda ashuga", "matenda a shuga adzachiritsidwa mawa", "matenda ashuga atha kukhala matenda chaka chimodzi", Zolemba izi zokha zidasindikizidwa mu 2016, ndi 2014, ndi 2010, komanso 2004. Ndipo nthawi zonse "pang'ono", "gawo limodzi", "theka la chaka". Ndinawerenga malingaliro a anthu osiyanasiyana: odwala ndi madokotala. Malingaliro ndiosiyana. Kuyambira "Ndimakhulupirira kuti mawa", kutha ndi "ayi." Maganizo ndi ma pessimists.
Zoti ndikhulupirire? Zoti udikire? Kodi ndine wokonda kutaya chiyembekezo kapena kuchita zinthu mopanda chiyembekezo? Palibe ngakhale wina. Ndikuzindikira.
Kwa ine, pazifukwa zina, nkhani ya mankhwala a shuga imandikumbutsa nkhani ya othamangitsa ndi mafuta. Ngongole iliyonse imakhala ikubwereza kwa zaka makumi awiri mpaka makumi atatu kuti "posachedwa, magalimoto onse azikhala pamagetsi amagetsi." Makina aliwonse ali ndi kale mtundu umodzi kapena angapo wokhala ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa Ndipo pali anthu enieni omwe amagula ndikuyendetsa magalimoto awa, ndikusungira mafuta, osadetsa chilengedwe. Pali anthu otere, koma ndi ochepa. Chifukwa choti ndizokwera mtengo kugula makina oterowo, khalani ndi makina oterowo, kukonza makinawo. Koma ali. Koma mainjini amafuta okha ndi mamiliyoni kuchulukirapo ndipo izi ndizomwe zimabweretsa phindu lalikulu kumakampani, ndipo palibe amene angadule nthambi yomwe akukhalamo.
Komanso mu bizinesi ya shuga. Aliyense akufuna mankhwala, alonjezedwa Mphotho ya Nobel kuti akapeza mankhwala, mankhwala atsopano akuwonetsedwa nthawi zonse, mamiliyoni a madola akuwonjezedwa pakufunafuna mankhwala! Kodi mumachita ZOPEREKA ZA ZOKHUDZA Pokhapokha PAKUKHUDZANI Zatsopano ZOSAVUTA NDIPONSO ZINSINSI Zatsopano!
Ndikhulupirira kuti pali anthu omwe achira matenda ashuga. Pakufotokozera kapamba, mitundu yonse ya mabodza ndi zisumbu za Lan .. Lal ... Land ... (pepani, sindinakumbukire mawuwa), winawake, mwina, adachira mothandizidwa ndi Yerusalemu artichoke ndi tiyi wamonke)). Zonsezi ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri, izi zonse zimangokhala ndi mavuto, izi zonse ndizowopsa pamoyo.
Ndikuzindikira. Ndipo sindimakhulupirira kuti m'zaka khumi zikubwerazi padzakhala chithandizo cha matenda ashuga omwe chitha kuchiritsa munthu kwathunthu. Pambuyo pake - mwina, koma osati pano.
Koma! Mukukumbukira, makampani akugulitsa MABILIONI mumsika wosamalira matenda a shuga (insulin, dextrose, nsapato, paraphernalia, mapampu - mumatopa kulembetsa chilichonse). Ndipo amafunika kumenya ndalamazi. Ndipo ndizotheka kuwangolipira iwo mothandizidwa ndi ife, anzathu okondedwa ndi matenda.
Makampani ali ndi chidwi ... Ayi! Ali ndi chidwi chotere kuti wodwalayo amakhala ndi moyo wautali - chifukwa ndiye kuti adzagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zawo zambiri ndikupanga phindu.
Makampani ali ndi chidwi ... Ayi! Amangopempedzera zaumoyo komanso kubwezerera zabwino kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga wathanzi amagwira ntchito.Ndipo munthu wodwala matenda ashuga nthawi zonse amakhala wathanzi, amatha nthawi yayitali kuti akhale momwemo, nthawi yambiri amakhala pa thanzi. Palibe kale ma syringe angapo osautsika pamwezi, pali ma pampu kale, ndi njira zowunikira, madotolo, ndi ma sanatorium, ndi zina zambiri. Inde, kutchuka kwa kampaniyo kuli pachiwopsezo - chifukwa munthu amakhala wathanzi kokha chifukwa cha iye!
Kumbukirani mafakitale a auto a 90s ndi pano. Njira zogwirira ntchito komanso zotsogola zapita patsogolo bwanji m'magalimoto, ndiye kuti magalimoto omwe ali bwino kwambiri! Chilichonse ndichabwino kuti oyendetsa amayendetsa nthawi yayitali ndikugula zambiri)))
Ndikuzindikira. Sindikhulupirira kuti apeza chithandizo cha matenda ashuga mkati mwa zaka khumi. Koma ndikukhulupirira kuti moyo wathu ndi wodwala matenda ashuga chaka chilichonse, chifukwa cha mabungwe, azikhala osavuta komanso osavuta! Kukhala kosavuta kulipira shuga, kuwunika ma acetone, kuwerengera magawo a mkate. Padzakhala ma insulin atsopano omwe ali apamwamba kwambiri ndipo amatha kulumikizana bwino ndi shuga, mapampu atsopano akuwoneka omwe amatha kuwerengetsa hehe ndikuwonjezera insulini, kuwunikira kwatsopano kukuwoneka komwe kungayimire payokha hypo- ndi hyperglycemia, padzakhala zinthu zambiri, zambiri zomwe zingasinthe moyo wa odwala matenda ashuga, pamapeto pake ndiye mu shuga))). Palibe chozizwitsa, bizinesi yokha.
Ndilibwino, koma malingaliro anga ndiabwino!)

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga a mellitus ndi matenda omwe amadalira insulin omwe amadziwika ndi kusokonekera kwa endocrine, chifukwa chomwe sichikwanira kupanga mahomoni a insulin ndi kapamba m'thupi.

Kuperewera kotereku kumabweretsa kuti wodwalayo azikhala ndi glucose wambiri mthupi, pomwe zizindikiro zosavomerezeka zimawululidwanso - chikhumbo chofuna kumwa nthawi zonse, kukodza pafupipafupi, kuwonda popanda chifukwa.

Pathology singathe, chifukwa chake, odwala pamoyo wawo wonse omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba amafunika kumwa mankhwala othandiza kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi.

M'pofunika kuganizira momwe mankhwalawa amtundu wa matenda ashuga 1 amachitikira, ndipo pali mankhwala atsopano a odwala matenda ashuga? Ndi mavitamini otani omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti amwe, ndipo ndimankhwala ati omwe angathandize kusintha matendawo ndikuwonjezera moyo wa wodwalayo?

Mfundo zachikhalidwe zamankhwala

1. Ma mahomoni ocheperapo pang'ono.
2. Mankhwala ofanana ndi a mahashoni a ultrashort.
3. Mahomoni a sing'anga nthawi yayitali.
4. Mankhwala omwe akhala akuchita kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ponena za insulini zachikhalidwe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira m'badwo watsopano wamakonzedwe a mahomoni, omwe amatchedwa ma insaled mahomoni. Komabe, pakadali pano sizovomerezeka kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ku Russia ndi mayiko ena ambiri.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti chitukuko chikuchitika, pali zochitika zina zabwino, koma mankhwala osokoneza bongo ayenera kudutsa pamayeso angapo azachipatala. Kunena zowona, mankhwalawa sangatchulidwe kutiatsopano, chifukwa asayansi akhala akuyesera kuti apange mapiritsi a shuga kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ngakhale maphunziro ambiri m'derali, zotukuka ndi mayeso asayansi, mawonekedwe a piritsi pano akuwoneka ngati mankhwala amtsogolo, osati zenizeni.

Khalidwe la insulin

Ma insulin omwe amagwira ntchito mwachidule amakhalanso ndimankhwala abwino a shuga awa: Insuman Rapid, Actrapid. Mankhwalawa amayamba kuyamba kugwira ntchito atatha theka la ola pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa.

Nawonso, ngati mankhwalawo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukonzekera kwamitsempha yamagalamu, ndiye kuti zochita zawo zimayamba miniti imodzi mankhwala atalowa m'magazi.

Mankhwala otsatirawa amakhala ngati mankhwala ofanana a mahomoni a ultrashort zotsatira:

Zochita zamankhwala zimawonekera mphindi 15 pambuyo pa jekeseni, kotero, amapaka jekeseni mphindi 15 chakudya chisanafike. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumawonedwa patatha maola ochepa, ndipo nthawi yayitali yogwirira ntchito ndi maola 4.

Chowonadi ndichakuti kufupikitsa Kutalika kwa insulin, kumakhala kosavuta kuwongolera mahomoni. Ndiye kuti, pakukhazikitsa insulini, timadzi tambiri tomwe timagwira mu jakisoni womaliza satsalira m'thupi.

Zokhudza mahomoni a sing'anga nthawi yayitali:

1. Oyimira ogwira ntchito kwambiri: Insuman Bazal, Protafan.
2. Amayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu pambuyo pa ola limodzi kapena theka ndi pambuyo pa utsogoleri.
3. Kutalika kokwanira kwa zochita kumasiyana kuyambira maola 8 mpaka 12.
4. Nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa monga basal mahomoni, omwe amaperekedwa kawiri pa tsiku.

Dziwani kuti mahomoni oterewa amakhala ndi gawo labwino lotsogola, lomwe lingayambitse kukula kwa vuto la hypoglycemic wodwala.

Ma insulin omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mahomoni oyambira, ndipo amasiyana pamenepa chifukwa alibe lingaliro lalikulu. Monga lamulo, kutalika kwa mahomoni oterewa kumasiyana kuchokera maola 24 mpaka 30, amathandizidwa kawiri pa tsiku.

Chomwe chaposachedwa kwambiri m'gululi ndi hormone Treshiba, yomwe imatha kupitilira maola 40 ikuphatikizidwa.

Kodi matenda ashuga angachiritsidwe?

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika amoyo omwe sangathe kuchiritsidwa. Komabe ndizotheka kuyendetsa njira zamankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito njira ndi maukadaulo angapo:

• ukadaulo wamatenda am'magazi matendawa, womwe umapangitsa kuti magazi azigwiritsidwa ntchito katatu,
• kugwiritsa ntchito insulin m'mabotolo, pansi pazofanana, iyenera kuperekedwa theka,
• njira yopangira maselo a pancreatic beta.

Kuchepetsa thupi, masewera, zakudya ndi mankhwala azitsamba zitha kuyimitsa zizindikirazo komanso kukhala bwino, koma simungasiye kumwa mankhwala a odwala matenda ashuga. Pakalipano lero titha kulankhula zokhudzana ndi kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda ashuga.

Kodi zopambana za matenda ashuga pazaka zingapo zapitazi ndi ziti?

Zaka zaposachedwa, mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala ndi njira zochizira matenda a shuga yapangidwa. Ena amathandizira kuchepetsa thupi pomwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zoyipa ndi contraindication.

Tikukamba za chitukuko cha insulin monga chofanana ndi chopangidwa ndi thupi la munthu.. Njira zoperekera ndi kuyendetsa matenda a insulin zikukwera kwambiri chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mapampu a insulin, omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa jakisoni ndikupangitsa kuti akhale bwino. Izi zikuyenda kale.

Mu 2010, mu magazini yolemba zofufuza za Nature, ntchito ya Pulofesa Erickson idasindikizidwa, yemwe adakhazikitsa ubale wa mapuloteni a VEGF-B ndikugawa kwamafuta mumankhwala komanso mawonekedwe awo. Matenda a shuga a Mtundu Wachiwiri amatsutsana ndi insulin, yomwe imalonjeza kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu minofu, mitsempha yamagazi ndi mtima.

Pofuna kupewa izi ndikusunga maselo a minyewa kuti ayankhe ku insulin, asayansi aku Sweden apanga ndikuyesa njira yochizira matenda amtunduwu, omwe amachokera mu njira yolepheretsa njira yosalembera ya vascular endothelial grow factor VEGF-B.

Ubwino wa njirayi ndi mwayi wopeza maselo ambiri otere.

Koma maselo obisika adzafunika kutetezedwa, chifukwa adzaukiridwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi cha munthu. Pali njira zingapo zowatetezera - polimbitsa maselo ndi hydrogel, salandila michere kapena kuyika dziwe la maselo a beta osabadwa.

Njira yachiwiri ili ndi mwayi wambiri chifukwa imagwirira ntchito komanso kuchita bwino. Mu 2017, STAMPEDE adafalitsa kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi chithandizo cha matenda ashuga.

Zotsatira za kuwunika kwazaka zisanu zikuwonetsa kuti "atachitidwa opareshoni ya metabolic", ndiye kuti, opaleshoni, gawo lachitatu la odwala adasiya kumwa insulini, pomwe ena adachoka popanda chithandizo chotsitsa shuga.Kupeza kofunikira kumeneku kunachitika motsutsana ndi kumbuyo kwa chitukuko cha ma bariatrics, omwe amapereka chithandizo cha kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo, chifukwa chake, kupewa matendawa.

Kodi mankhwala a matenda ashuga a 1 amapangidwa liti?

Ngakhale matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba amaonedwa ngati osachiritsika, asayansi aku Britain adakwanitsa kupezeka ndi zovuta zomwe zimatha "kuyambiranso" maselo achikondwerero omwe amapanga insulin.

Kumayambiriro, kuphatikizako kunaphatikizapo mankhwala atatu omwe adayimitsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo omwe amapanga insulin. Kenako, enzyme alpha-1-antirepsin, yomwe imabwezeretsa maselo a insulin, idawonjezeredwa.

Mu 2014, kuyanjana kwa matenda a shuga 1 amtundu wa coxsackie kudadziwika ku Finland. Zinadziwika kuti 5% yokha mwa anthu omwe amapezeka ndi matenda amenewa amadwala matendawa. Katemera angathandizenso kuthana ndi meningitis, otitis media ndi myocarditis.

Chaka chino, mayesero azachipatala a katemera woletsa kusintha kwa matenda amtundu wa 1 adzachitika. Ntchito ya mankhwalawa ndikutukula kusatetezeka kumatenda, osati kuchiritsa matendawa.

Kodi mankhwala oyamba a matenda ashupi oyamba padziko lonse lapansi ndi ati?

Njira zonse zochiritsira zitha kugawidwa m'magawo atatu:

1. kufalikira kwa kapamba, minofu yake kapena maselo amodzi,
2. immunomodulation - cholepheretsa kuukira kwa maselo a beta ndi chitetezo cha mthupi,
3. beta cell kukonza.

Cholinga cha njirazi ndikubwezeretsa chiwerengero chofunikira cha maselo a beta.

Maselo a Melton

Kalelo mu 1998, Melton ndi ogwira nawo ntchito adapatsidwa mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa ma ESC ndikuwasintha kukhala maselo omwe amapanga insulin mu kapamba. Ukadaulo uwu udzapanganso ma cell a beta okwana mamiliyoni 200 pamlingo wa mamililita 500, zomwe zingakhale zofunikira pothandiza wodwala m'modzi.

Maselo a Melton angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda amtundu woyamba 1, komabe pakufunika njira yopewera maselo kuti asemedwenso. Chifukwa chake, Melton ndi ogwira nawo ntchito akuganiza momwe angakhalire ndi masitepe oyambira.

Maselo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zovuta za autoimmune. Melton akuti ali ndi mizere yambiri ya cell mu labotale, yotengedwa kuchokera kwa anthu athanzi, komanso odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a mitundu yonse iwiri, pomwe ma cell a beta samwalira kumapeto.

Maselo a Beta amapangidwa kuchokera pamizere kuti adziwe zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Komanso, maselo azithandizira kusintha kuzungulira kwa zinthu zomwe zitha kuyimitsa kapenanso kusintha kuwonongeka kochitidwa ndi matenda ashuga kupita ku maselo a beta.

M'malo a cell T

Asayansi anatha kusintha maselo amtundu wa T, omwe ntchito yawo inali kuwongolera kayendedwe ka chitetezo cha mthupi. Maselo amenewa anatha kuletsa maselo oopsa "oopsa".

Ubwino wakuchiza matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi maselo T ndi kuthekera kopanga chida cha immunosuppression pa chiwalo china popanda kuphatikiza chitetezo chonse cha mthupi.

Maselo obwezerezedwanso T amayenera kupita mwachindunji kwa kapamba kuti asawonongeke, ndipo maselo oyeserera sangakhale nawo.

Mwina njirayi idzalowa m'malo mwa insulin. Mukamayambitsa maselo a T kwa munthu amene akungoyamba kumene matenda ashuga amtundu 1, amchiza matenda amtunduwu.

Katemera wa Coxsackie

Zovuta za ma virus serotypse 17 zinasinthidwa kukhala chikhalidwe cha RD komanso chikhalidwe china cha 8 mpaka Vero cell. Ndikothekanso kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu 9 ya kachilombo ka Katemera wa akalulu ndi mwayi wopeza sera yeniyeni.

Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa kachilombo ka Koksaki A virus ka serotypes 2,4,7,9 ndi 10, IPVE inayamba kupanga sera yokufufuza.

N`zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu 14 ya kachilombo pakuwonjezera maphunziro a ma antibodies kapena othandizira mu magazi a seramu ya ana mu kulowerera.

Samalani

Malinga ndi WHO, chaka chilichonse padziko lapansi anthu 2 miliyoni amafa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga komanso zovuta zake.Pokhapokha pakhale thandizo loyenerera la thupi, matenda ashuga amabweretsa mavuto osiyanasiyana, pang'onopang'ono kuwononga thupi la munthu.

Mavuto ambiri omwe amakonda ndi awa: matenda ashuga a m'mimba, nephropathy, retinopathy, zilonda zam'mimba, hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis. Matenda a shuga amathanso kupititsa patsogolo chotupa cha khansa. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, wodwala matenda ashuga amwalira, akulimbana ndi matenda opweteka, kapena amasintha kukhala munthu weniweni wolumala.

Kodi anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatani? Endocrinological Research Center ya Russian Academy of Medical Sayansi yakwanitsa kupanga mankhwala omwe amachiritsiratu matenda ashuga.

Pulogalamu ya Federal "Health Health Nation" ikuchitika, mkati mwa momwe mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa aliyense wokhala ku Russian Federation ndi CIS ZAULERE . Kuti mumve zambiri, onani tsamba lovomerezeka la MINZDRAVA.

Fotokozani

Ngati muwerenga izi, mutha kuzindikira kuti inu kapena okondedwa anu mukudwala matenda ashuga.

Tinachita kafukufuku, tinaphunzira zambiri za zida ndipo koposa zonse tinayang'ana njira ndi mankhwala ambiri a shuga. Chigamulochi ndi motere:

Ngati mankhwalawa onse akaperekedwa, zinali zotsatira zosakhalitsa, atangomaliza kudya, matendawa amakula kwambiri.

Mankhwala okhawo omwe adapereka chofunikira ndi kusiyana.

Pakadali pano, awa ndiye mankhwala okhawo omwe amachiritsiratu matenda ashuga. Makamaka machitidwe amphamvu a Kusiyanitsa adawonetsa koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga.

Tidafunsa Unduna wa Zaumoyo:

Ndipo kwa owerenga tsamba lathu lino mwayi
khalani ndi kusiyana ZAULERE!

Yang'anani! Milandu yogulitsa mankhwalawa yabodza Kusiyanako kwakhala komweko.
Mukayika lamulo pogwiritsa ntchito maulalo pamwambapa, mumatsimikiziridwa kuti mudzalandira malonda kuchokera kwa wopanga wamkulu. Kuphatikiza apo, mukamayitanitsa pa tsamba lovomerezeka, mumalandira chitsimikizo cha kubweza (kuphatikizapo ndalama zoyendera) ngati mankhwalawo alibe.

Mapiritsi a shuga amasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wamatenda, omwe amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: wodalira insulin komanso osafuna kuyambitsa insulin. Musanayambe chithandizo, werengani kagawidwe ka mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, momwe amagwirira ntchito gulu lililonse komanso contraindication kuti agwiritse ntchito.

Kumwa mapiritsi ndi gawo limodzi la moyo wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Gulu la mapiritsi a shuga

Mfundo za chithandizo cha matenda ashuga ndizosunga shuga pamlingo wa 4.0-5,5 mmol / L. Kuti muchite izi, kuwonjezera pa kutsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi, ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala oyenera.

Mankhwala ochizira matenda a shuga amagawika m'magulu akulu akulu.

Zochokera ku sulfonylureas

Mankhwalawa odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemic chifukwa cha beta - maselo omwe ali ndi vuto lopanga insulin mu kapamba. Njira za gululi zimachepetsa chiwopsezo cha impso ntchito ndi kukula kwa matenda amtima.

Maninil - mapiritsi otsika mtengo a odwala matenda ashuga

Mndandanda wazomwe zimachokera ku sulfonylurea:

Zomwe zimachokera ku sulfonylureas ndizoletsedwa kutenga ndi matenda ashuga 1. Mlingo amawerengedwa potengera kuopsa kwa matendawa, zaka za wodwalayo komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Meglitinides

Mankhwala a anthu odwala matenda ashuga a gululi ndi ofanana mu njira zochizira zotumphukira zotuluka za sulufayiti ndikuthandizira kupanga insulin. Kuchita kwawo kumatengera shuga.

Novonorm ndiyofunikira pakupanga insulin

Mndandanda wa meglitinides abwino:

Pochiza matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, meglitinides sagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mankhwala a gululi amateteza kutulutsa shuga kwa chiwindi komanso amathandizira kuti magazi ake azilowa mosavuta.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo wabwino

Magulu amakulu othandiza kwambiri:

Metformin imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matenda a shuga a mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2. Biguanides amachita kuyambira maola 6 mpaka 16 - munthawi imeneyi, kuyamwa kwamafuta ndi glucose ochokera m'matumbo amachepa. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kukula kwa zovuta komanso amachepetsa kwambiri mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a mtima.

Thimang

Amadziwikanso ndi zotsatira zomwezo pakathupi monga biguanides. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikokwera mtengo komanso mndandanda wosangalatsa wazotsatira zoyipa.

Mankhwala okwera mtengo komanso ogwira mtima a shuga

Izi zikuphatikiza:

Thiazolidinediones alibe zotsatira zabwino mankhwalawa a mtundu 1 matenda a shuga.

Mankhwala obwera mwatsopano omwe amathandizira kuwonjezera insulin ndikupanga shuga ku chiwindi.

Galvus ndiyofunikira kuti amasule shuga ku chiwindi

Mndandanda wa glyptins ogwira:

Glisitins imayambitsa mavuto pang'ono, musamathandizire kulemera, muchepetse shuga popanda zotsatira zoyipa pa kapamba.

Januvia kuti muchepetse magazi

Alpha Inhibitors - Glucosidases

Othandizira amakono othandizira odwala matenda ashuga amalepheretsa kupanga enzyme yomwe imasungunula michere yambiri, potero imachepetsa kuyamwa kwa ma polysaccharides.Ma Inhibitors amadziwika ndi zovuta zochepa komanso amakhala otetezeka kwa thupi.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

Mankhwala omwe ali pamwambawa atha kumwa mankhwala osakanikirana ndi mankhwala a magulu ena ndi insulin.

Sodium - glucose cotransporter zoletsa

M'badwo waposachedwa wa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga m'magazi. Mankhwala a gululi amachititsa impso kuti zimveke shuga ndi mkodzo panthawi yomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumayambira 6 mpaka 8 mmol / l.

Chida chofunikira chochepetsera shuga

Mndandanda wa Glyphlosins Wothandiza:

Mukamamwa mankhwalawa pamwambapa, ndimakonda kupita kuchimbudzi, kuchepa madzi m'thupi komanso kuchepa kwa magazi.

Mankhwala osakanikirana

Mankhwala omwe amaphatikiza metformin ndi glyptins. Mndandanda wa njira zabwino kwambiri zophatikiza mitundu:

Musamwe mankhwala osakanikirana mosafunikira - yesetsani kukonda mitundu yayikulu yakanthawi yayitali.

Kuphatikiza kwa matenda ashuga

Insulin kapena mapiritsi - ndibwino kwa matenda ashuga?

Mankhwalawa amtundu wa shuga 1 a matenda a shuga, insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito, mankhwalawa amtundu wa 2 a mawonekedwe osavuta amachokera pakumwa mankhwala kuti achulukitse shuga.

Ubwino wa mapiritsi poyerekeza ndi jakisoni:

• kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta komanso posungira,
• kusapeza bwino pakalandilidwa,
• kuyang'anira kwachilengedwe kwachilengedwe.

Ubwino wa jakisoni wa insulin ndi njira yothanirana mwachangu komanso kuthekera kosankha mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa insulin kwa wodwala.

Jakisoni wa insulin amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wa 2 shuga mellitus ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo sawapereka bwino ndipo atatha kudya glucose amakwera mpaka 9 mmol / L.

Jakisoni wa insulin amagwira pokhapokha mapiritsi atha kuthandizira

Asayansi a Ural ali m'gulu lomaliza la kupanga mankhwala atsopano a shuga. Kupanga kofunikira kumapangidwa ndi asayansi aku Ural Federal University.

Malinga ndi ntchito ya atolankhani ku yunivesite, mankhwalawa adzangotengera chithandizo chokha, komanso kupewa. Kukula kumachitika limodzi ndi asayansi ochokera ku Volgograd Medical University. Malinga ndi Pulofesa Alexander Spassov, Mkulu wa Dipatimenti Yopanga Mankhwala ku Volgograd State Medical University, kusiyana pakati pa mankhwalawa ndikuti kuyimitsa kusintha kosapangika kwa ma molekyulu a protein. Katswiriyu akutsimikiza kuti katemera ena onse amathanso kutsitsa shuga m'magazi, koma osachotsa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.

"Tsopano pali kusankha mamolekyulu pazotsatira zam'mbuyomu. Kuchokera pazinthu khumi zomwe zasankhidwa, muyenera kusankha chimodzi choti mupereke. Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa malamulo azinthu, mtundu wa mankhwala, mankhwala opatsirana, toxicology, kukonzekera zolemba zonse zoyeserera pachipatala ”, –Pulofesa adalankhula za gawo lenileni la ntchito.

Komabe, si onse opangidwa ophatikizidwa omwe adzapulumuka mayesero oyamba.

"Cholumikizira chimodzi chokha ndi chomwe chitha kuchita izi. Izi zikutsatiridwa ndi kafukufuku wanyama, gawo loyamba la mayesero azachipatala ndi odzipereka athanzi, kenako gawo lachiwiri ndi lachitatu, " – adatsimikiza mkulu wa KhTI UrFU Vladimir Rusinov.

Posachedwa, mankhwalawa adzawonekera m'mafakisi.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda a shuga a mellitus ndi matenda omwe amadalira insulin omwe amadziwika ndi kusokonekera kwa endocrine, chifukwa chomwe sichikwanira kupanga mahomoni a insulin ndi kapamba m'thupi.

Kuperewera kotereku kumabweretsa kuti wodwalayo azikhala ndi glucose wambiri mthupi, pomwe zizindikiro zosavomerezeka zimawululidwanso - chikhumbo chofuna kumwa nthawi zonse, kukodza pafupipafupi, kuwonda popanda chifukwa.

Pathology singathe, chifukwa chake, odwala pamoyo wawo wonse omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba amafunika kumwa mankhwala othandiza kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi.

M'pofunika kuganizira momwe mankhwalawa amtundu wa matenda ashuga 1 amachitikira, ndipo pali mankhwala atsopano a odwala matenda ashuga? Ndi mavitamini otani omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti amwe, ndipo ndimankhwala ati omwe angathandize kusintha matendawo ndikuwonjezera moyo wa wodwalayo?

Malangizo a insulin

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, matendawa amatha kuthandizidwa ndi ma regimens awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zamankhwala masiku ano.

Mitundu ya makolo imatchedwa kawiri patsiku, pomwe mahomoni othamangitsa amalowetsedwa pamodzi ndi mahomoni a mphamvu yapakatikati. Munthawi ya mankhwala, mahomoni amatumikiridwa mphindi 30 asanadye, m'mawa ndi madzulo. Ndipo zopangidwira pakati pamaudindo zizikhala pafupifupi maora 12.

Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwalawa kumawonjezeka ngati pakukhazikitsa mahomoni munthawi yomweyo omwe amalepheretsa shuga kuwonjezeka chakudya cham'mawa komanso chakudya chamadzulo.

Odwala ena, njira yodziwikiratu yoyendetsedwa ndi mahomoni ena imawonetsa kugwira ntchito kwambiri:

• Kuphatikiza kwakanthawi ndikutalika kumatumikiridwa musanadye chakudya cham'mawa.
• Asanadye chakudya chamadzulo, mahomoni omwe amagwira ntchito mwachidule amathandizidwa, ndipo asanagone, insulin imalowetsedwa ndikuwonetsa nthawi yayitali.

Monga lamulo, mitundu inayi ya zosakanikirana zotere zimapangidwa, momwe 10, 20, 30 kapena 40% ya mahomoni osavuta amaphatikizidwa. Mwachitsanzo, Humulin kuphatikiza ndi timadzi tomwe timakhala ndi mphamvu yayitali yotchedwa Isofan.

Choyipa chachikulu cha chithandizo chachikhalidwe ndichakuti muyenera kuyang'anira zakudya zanu, samalira zolimbitsa thupi. Izi zapangitsa kuti ambiri odwala amakonda kwambiri chithandizo chamankhwala cha mahomoni.

Makhalidwe ake amakhudzidwa ndi mahomoni:

1. Hormone ya sing'anga yodziwika imayambitsidwa kawiri patsiku, pomwe imaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito mwachidule. Monga lamulo, kulowetserani musanadye zakudya zazikulu zitatu.
2. Madzulo madzulo, timadzi tambiri timene timayendetsedwa.

Kuchiza kwambiri ndi insulini kungaphatikizeponso chithandizo ndi pampu - chipangizo chapadera chomwe chimaperekanso mahomoni m'thupi la munthu.

Masiku ano, pampu ya insulin ndi chida chapadera chomwe chitha kuperekera timadzi tating'onoting'ono tokwanira chaka chonse pachaka chopanda phindu.

Mavitamini a odwala matenda ashuga

Chifukwa chakuti shuga mellitus wamtundu woyamba amakhala ngati njira yodalira insulin, mavitamini a shuga amasankhidwa mwanjira yoti asakweze mphamvu ya kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi la wodwalayo.

Mavitamini a odwala matenda ashuga ndi chakudya chamagulu choperekera zakudya, chomwe chimathandiza wodwala kuti azidyetsa thupi ndi mchere wofunikira komanso zinthu zina, pomwe amadziwika kuti amachepetsa zovuta.

Zinthu zotsatirazi ndi mavitamini ofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga pa insulin:

• Vitamini a gulu A. Amathandizira kukhala ndi malingaliro athunthu, amatiteteza ku matenda amaso, omwe amatengera kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwa diso la retina.
• Vitamini B imathandizira kuti magwiridwe antchito amthupi apakati, kupewa kuti asasokonezeke chifukwa cha matenda a shuga.
• Ascorbic acid ndiyofunikira mphamvu yamitsempha yamagazi ndikusintha kwa zovuta za matendawa, chifukwa ndi matenda ashuga makoma otupa amakhala ochepa mphamvu komanso osakhazikika.
• Kuchuluka kwa vitamini E m'thupi la odwala matenda ashuga kumathandiza kupewa kudalira kwamkati pa insulin, kumachepetsa kufunikira kwawo kwa mahomoni.
• Vitamini H ndichinthu chinanso chomwe chimathandiza thupi lonse kuti lizigwira ntchito bwino popanda kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Wodwala matenda ashuga akafuna kudya zakudya zotsekemera komanso ufa, ndiye kuti mavitamini ena okhala ndi chromium amawonjezeranso kwa iye.

Chromium imathandiza kupewetsa chidwi chofuna kuyamwa zakudya izi, chifukwa chazomwe zimapangira kupanga zakudya zoyenera ndi zakudya.

Mavitamini abwino kwambiri

Kumbukirani kuti simuyenera kumwa mavitamini okha, koma othandizira omwe ali ndi chitetezo chathupi mokwanira samakumana ndi mavuto. Kuphatikiza apo, njira za mapulani oterowo ziyenera kukhala zachilengedwe, ndiko kuti, zomwe zimapangidwa ndizomera.

Tsoka ilo, kudziwa chizolowezi cha mavitamini ndi chinthu chimodzi, koma kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa mavitamini ofunikira tsiku lililonse ndizosiyana ndipo ndizovuta kwa wodwalayo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kumwa mavitamini.

Kutenga zovuta, simukuyenera kuganizira kuwerengera, ndikokwanira kuti mutenge nawo potsatira dokotala, yemwe amatchula muyeso ndi pafupipafupi wa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Vitamini wabwino kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga:

Antiox R ndizowonjezera zachilengedwe zomwe zimathandizira kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Chidacho chimathandizira kukhazikitsa chitetezo champhamvu motsutsana ndi ma radicals aulere, chimalimbitsa makoma amitsempha yamagazi, chimakhudza bwino ntchito yamtima wamtima, chimawonjezera chitetezo cha mthupi.

Detox Plus imathandizira kuyeretsa thupi, imathandizanso kugaya chakudya m'thupi pogwiritsa ntchito poizoni ndi zinthu zoopsa. Mwambiri, zimakhudza thanzi la wodwala, kupewa mavuto ambiri a shuga.

Kuphatikizika kwa mega kumaphatikizapo Omega-3 ndi 6, chifukwa chake imapangitsa ntchito ya mtima kugwiritsira ntchito, kuteteza ziwalo zam'maso ndi ubongo. Chowonjezeracho chimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakuyenda bwino komanso malingaliro.

Nthawi zambiri mankhwala a lanic acid, omwe ali ngati vitamini omwe amathandizira kusintha kwamthupi mu thupi.

Mapiritsi ena a odwala matenda ashuga

Poyerekeza ndi momwe insulin imaperekera mankhwala ena, mankhwalawa amatha kuperekedwa pochiza matenda amisempha omwe amayenda ndi matenda.

Zoletsa za eniotensin-zotembenuza enzyme zimathandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi, pomwe zimalepheretsa zovuta zina za mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Nthawi zambiri zotchulidwa mankhwala kulimbana ndi matenda am'mimba thirakiti. Ndipo kusankha kwa mankhwala kumatengera matenda ake enieni komanso chithunzi cha matenda. Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi vuto la mtima, ndiye kuti mapiritsi omwe amathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi amalimbikitsidwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala atha kutumikiridwa:

• Pofuna kuthana ndi kusintha kwa atherosulinotic mthupi, perekani mankhwala omwe amachepetsa zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol yoyipa.
• Ngati pali zizindikiro za zotumphukira neuropathy, ndiye kuti ma painkiller ndi omwe amapatsidwa.

Nthawi zambiri mwa amuna omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a mellitus erectile dysfunction amapezeka. Ngati wodwala alibe mavuto ndi mtima, ndiye kuti dokotalayo angalimbikitse Viagra, Cialis, Levitra.

Kusintha kwa maselo opanga insulin

Mwa kukonzanso maselo, asayansi adatha kuwapangitsa kuti apange insulin ngati maselo a beta poyankha shuga.

Tsopano kugwira ntchito kwa maselo kumawonedwa mu mbewa zokha. Asayansi pakadali pano sakunena za zotsatira zenizeni, komabe mwayi ulipo wothandiza odwala matenda a shuga 1 amtunduwu.

Makanema okhudzana nawo

Ku Russia, pochiza odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aposachedwa aku Cuba. Zambiri mu kanemayo:

Kuyesera konse koteteza ndi kuchiritsa matenda a shuga kungachitike mu zaka khumi zikubwerazi.Kukhala ndi matekinoloje otere ndi njira zamagwiritsidwe ntchito, mutha kuzindikira malingaliro olimba mtima kwambiri.

• Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwa nthawi yayitali
• Imabwezeretsa kapangidwe ka insulin

Phunzirani zambiri. Osati mankhwala. ->

Ndi mankhwala ati omwe amachiza matenda amtundu woyamba?

Chithandizo chachikulu cha matenda a shuga 1 ndi insulin. Mwa odwala ena, kagayidwe kakang'ono ka glucose kamakhala kobvuta. Pankhaniyi, adokotala amatha kupatsa mapiritsi okhala ndi metformin, kuphatikiza jakisoni wa insulin. Mankhwalawa mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri amachepetsa kufunika kwa insulini komanso kusintha shuga. Musayembekezere mothandizidwa ndi mapiritsi kuti musiye kwathunthu jakisoni wa insulin.

Chonde dziwani kuti metformin imayikidwa mwa anthu omwe amapezeka kuti ndi osavuta kusefukira kwa impso pansi pa 45 ml / min. Kwa odwala matendawa a mtundu woyamba, kumwa mankhwalawa kulibe ntchito. Kuphatikiza pa metformin, mapiritsi ena aliwonse omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 sagwira ntchito. Mankhwala ena onse ochepetsa shuga ndi othandizira matenda a shuga 2 okha.

Momwe mungachiritsire matenda a shuga a 2 opanda madokotala ndi mankhwala?

Zomwe muyenera kuchita:

1. Pitani ku.
2. Sanjani,. Kanani kuzitenga nthawi yomweyo.
3. Mwakuthekera, ndikwanzeru kuyamba kumwa imodzi yamankhwala otsika mtengo komanso osavulaza, chinthu chomwe chimagwira.
4. Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi osachepera.
5. Kuti mubweretse shuga kwa anthu athanzi 4.0-5,5 mmol / L, mungafunike jakisoni wambiri wa insulin mu Mlingo wotsika.

Njirayi imakulolani kuti muthane ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 popanda kumwa mapiritsi owopsa komanso kulankhulana pang'ono ndi madokotala. Ndikofunikira kuti azitsata boma tsiku ndi tsiku, kuti azikhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Palibe njira yosavuta yodzitetezera ku zovuta za matenda ashuga lero.

Insulin kapena mankhwala: momwe mungadziwire njira yamankhwala?

Cholinga chamankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga ndi kuthandiza kuti shuga azikhazikika ku 4.0-5,5 mmol / L, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi anthu athanzi. Choyamba, amagwiritsidwa ntchito izi. Imakhala ndi mapiritsi ena, omwe amaphatikizika omwe ndi metformin.

Werengani za mankhwala omwe ali ndi metformin:

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizanso - osachepera kuyenda, komanso kuthamanga. Izi zimatha kutsitsa shuga mpaka 7-9 mmol / L. Jakisoni wochepa wa insulin amafunika kuwonjezeredwa kuti abweretse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magoli.

Musakhale aulesi kubayirira insulin ngati mukufuna. Kupanda kutero, vuto la matenda ashuga lipitiliza kukula, ngakhale pang'ono ndi pang'ono.

Chithandizo cha boma chimalimbikitsa anthu odwala matenda ashuga kuti azidya zakudya zopanda pake, kenako ndikubaya Mlingo waukulu wa insulin kuti muchepetse shuga. Njirayi imabweretsa odwala kumanda ali ndi zaka zapakati, kuchepetsa nkhawa zomwe amapeza pantchito zapenshoni.

Α-glucosidase zoletsa

Α-glucosidase inhibitors ndi mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa chakudya cham'matumbo. Pakadali pano, gululi limaphatikizapo imodzi yokha ya mankhwala a Glucobay mu Mlingo wa 50 ndi 100 mg. Zomwe zimagwira ndi acarbose. Odwala samakonda kuti mapiritsiwa ayenera kumwedwa katatu patsiku, samathandiza kwenikweni ndipo nthawi zambiri amachititsa kuti m'mimba musakhale bwino. Mwachidziwitso, Glucobai amayenera kuchepetsa thupi, koma machitidwe, palibe kuchepa kwa anthu onenepa omwe amathandizidwa ndi mapiritsi awa. Kudya zakudya zamafuta ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala nthawi yomweyo kuti tilepheretse kuyamwa kwawo ndikopenga. Ngati mumvera, palibe chifukwa chogwiritsira ntchito acarbose ndi kuvutika chifukwa cha zovuta zake.

Glucagon ngati Peptide Receptor Agonists - 1

Glucagon-ngati peptide-1 receptor agonists ndi mankhwala amtundu wa shuga wachiwiri wam'badwo waposachedwa. Zokha, zimakhudza kwambiri shuga wamagazi, koma amachepetsa chilakolako cha kudya. Chifukwa chakuti wodwala matenda ashuga amadya pang'ono, kuwongolera kwake kumayenda bwino.Glucagon-ngati peptide - 1 receptor agonists amachepetsa kuyenda kwa chakudya chodyedwa kuchokera m'mimba kupita m'matumbo, ndikukulitsa kumverera kwodzaza. akuti mankhwalawa ndiabwino kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kususuka kosalamulirika. Tsoka ilo, amapezeka jakisoni ngati insulin. Mapiritsi, kulibe. Ngati mulibe vuto lakudya, sizomveka kuwamveka.

Glucagon-ngati Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Mndandanda wa Mankhwala

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists ndi mankhwala atsopano omwe ndi okwera mtengo koma osagwirizana ndi otsika mtengo. Mankhwalawa amatha kuyambitsa kapamba, koma chiwopsezo ndichochepa. Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri omwe ali ndi vuto losakonda kusamala, akhoza kukhala othandiza kwambiri. Amapatsirana odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali kale ndi kapamba. Panthawi yamankhwala, amafunika kuyeserera magazi pafupipafupi kuti ateteze pancreatic amylase. Ngati zotsatirapo zake zikukula, siyani kumwa mankhwalawo.

Mankhwala a Bayeta, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi kawiri pa tsiku, ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pochita. Zokumana nazo zapezeka ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amafunika kuti azikamwa kamodzi patsiku. Jekeseni wotsekemera amayenera kuperekedwa musanadye, pomwe wodwalayo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kudya kwambiri. Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 amakhala ndi chizolowezi chomadya kwambiri madzulo, usiku, koma izi sizofanana kwa aliyense. Glucagon-ngati peptide - agonists 1 omwe amafunika kulowetsedwa kamodzi pa sabata awonekera posachedwa. Mwina atha kukhala othandiza kwambiri pakulimbitsa chakudya.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (glyptins) ndi mankhwala atsopano a mtundu 2 wa shuga, omwe amapezeka kumapeto kwa 2010s. Amatsitsa shuga wamagazi popanda kufooketsa kapamba komanso chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia. Mapiritsi awa nthawi zambiri samayambitsa zotsatira zoyipa, koma sizotsika mtengo, koma amachita mopanda mphamvu. Amatha kuthandizidwa kapena, ngati kukonzekera kwa metformin sikumathandiza mokwanira, ndipo simukufuna kuyambitsa jakisoni wa insulin. Ma gliptins sachepetsa kudya, mosiyana ndi glucagon-peptide - 1 receptor agonists. Nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo asamalemere - sizimapangitsa kuti ziwonjezeke kapena kuchepa thupi.

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors (Gliptins)

Ma Patent a Gliptin sanathere ntchito. Chifukwa chake, ma analogi otsika mtengo a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors sanapezekepo.

Mtundu 2 wa sodium glucose cocransporter inhibitors (glyphlosins) ndi mankhwala aposachedwa omwe amachepetsa shuga la magazi. Ku Russian Federation, mankhwala oyamba kuchokera pagululi adagulitsidwa mu 2014. Odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 omwe amasangalala ndi nkhani zamankhwala awo samvera kwambiri glyphlosins. Kukhala kofunikira kwa inu kumvetsetsa momwe mankhwalawa amagwirira ntchito. Mwa anthu athanzi, shuga yamagazi amasungidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana a 4-5-5,5 mmol / L. Ngati ikwera mpaka 9-10 mmol / l, ndiye kuti gawo lina la glucose limapita ndi mkodzo. Chifukwa chake, m'magazi ake amachepetsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu 2 ya sodium glucose cotransporter zoletsa kumapangitsa impso kuti zitsitse shuga mu mkodzo ngakhale ndende yake m'magazi ndi 6-8 mmol / l. Glucose, yemwe thupi silingathe kuyamwa, amatulutsidwa mkodzo mwachangu, m'malo mozungulira magazi ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa zovuta za shuga.

Lembani 2 sodium glucose cocransporter zoletsa

Glyphlosins sikuti ndi vuto la matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Ali ndi zolakwika zazikulu. Odwala amakhumudwa kwambiri ndi mtengo wawo wokwera. M'zaka zikubwerazi, munthu sayenera kuyembekezera kuwoneka kwa mtengo wotsika mtengo wa mankhwala aposachedwa. Kupatula mtengo, pali vuto la mavuto.

Glyphlosins samayambitsa mavuto akangomaliza kukonzekera. Pafupipafupi kuyendera kuchimbudzi (polyuria) kukuchulukirachulukira. Pakhoza kukhala kuchepa thupi, makamaka odwala matenda ashuga, komanso kuchepa kwakukulu kwa magazi.Awa ndi mavuto ang'onoang'ono. Zotsatira zake zazitali ndizowopsa. Kukhalapo kwa glucose mu mkodzo kumapangitsa malo abwino kuti chitukuko cha bowa ndi mabakiteriya azisungunuka ku urethra. Ili ndi vuto la pafupipafupi komanso lalikulu odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 omwe amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena Invokana.

Choyipa koposa, ngati ma virus amafika impso kudzera mu urethra ndikupangitsa pyelonephritis. Kutupa kwa matenda a impso kumakhala kosatheka. Kumwa maantibayotiki olimba atha kumuwumitsa, koma osakuwonongerani. Akamaliza maphunzirowo, mabakiteriya omwe ali mu impso amayambiranso msanga mzimu wawo womenya nkhondo. Ndipo pakupita nthawi, amatha kuyamba kukana maantibayotiki.

Yang'anirani zomwe zimathandiza komanso sizivulaza konse. Ngati sichoncho, ndiye kuti zingakhale zomveka kupereka mankhwala a Forsig, Invokan ndi Jardins kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Popeza zakudya zabwino komanso zaulere zili m'manja mwanu, palibe chifukwa chomwera ndi glyphlosins. Pyelonephritis ndi tsoka losasinthika. Matenda amadzimadzi a m'mimba nawonso samabweretsa chisangalalo. Musadziyike pachiwopsezo chosafunikira. Zakudya, mapiritsi a metformin Ophatikiza mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga ya magazi

Mapiritsi a shuga amasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wamatenda, omwe amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: wodalira insulin komanso osafuna kuyambitsa insulin. Musanayambe chithandizo, werengani kagawidwe ka mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, momwe amagwirira ntchito gulu lililonse komanso contraindication kuti agwiritse ntchito.

Kumwa mapiritsi ndi gawo limodzi la moyo wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Chithandizo Choperewera

Asayansi amati mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ungathe kusinthidwa ndikudya moyenerera. Matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba samadwalanso. Asayansi amafotokoza kuti matendawa amaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito a beta. Pankhani ya mtundu woyamba, amamwalira, ndipo kwa wachiwiri - amasiya kugwira ntchito momwe amayenera kuchitira. Kupitilira kamodzi, asayansi anayesa kusintha mabati a beta kapena osagwira ntchito ndi amoyo komanso othandiza, koma nthawi iliyonse maselo amenewa amakanidwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi cha munthu.

Maselo a Melligan - tsogolo la odwala matenda ashuga

Mwamwayi, patent idavomerezedwa posachedwa ku America pazomwe zingakhale chithandizo choyenera chodwala. Njirayi imaphatikiza ma cell omwe amapereka insulin ndi dongosolo lomwe limawalola kubisala chitetezo cha mthupi - pakadali pano, ngakhale kwa zaka zingapo. Maselo amenewa amatchedwa maselo a Melligan, amatha kupanga, kusunga ndikutulutsa insulini m'magazi a anthu, kutengera mulingo wamwazi wamwazi.

Kuyesa kopambana pa mbewa ndi immunodeficiency

Asayansi ochokera ku Yunivesite ya Sydney Technological University adapanga maselo amenewa pogwiritsa ntchito ma genetic engineering kuti azitha kugwira ntchito ngati maselo abwinobwino mwa munthu amene alibe matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti amatulutsa insulin m'magazi potengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a anthu. Chaka chatha, gulu la asayansi lidakwanitsa kusintha mtundu woyamba wa matenda mu mbewa, ndipo ngakhale zotsatira zake zinali zabwino, mayeso adachitika pa mbewa ndi kusakhazikika. Ndiye kuti, pakuyesa kumeneku, palibe yankho lililonse m'thupi lomwe lawonedwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mthupi la munthu, maselo awa adzagwidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi.

Selo m'bokosi, kapena yankho ku vuto la chitetezo chokwanira

Koma tsopano, gulu la asayansi lapangana ndi kampani yaku America yopanga ma biotechnology yotchedwa PharmaCyte Biotech, yomwe idapanga chinthu chotchedwa Cell-In-A-Box, ndiye kuti, "Cell in Box." Mwakuganiza, amatha kuzungulira ma cell a Melligan ndikuwabisala kuchokera ku chitetezo cha mthupi kuti asawonedwe.

Kodi maselo a Melligan azichita bwanji?

Ngati mumatha kusunga maselo a Melligan mu kapisozi komwe kali kosatetezeka, ndiye kuti ukadaulo wa Cell-In-A-Box umatha kubisala m'matumba a anthu ndikulola maselo kugwira ntchito popanda mavuto. Zigobazi zimapangidwa ndi cellulose - zokutira zomwe zimaloleza mamolekyulu kuyenda mbali zonse ziwiri. Izi zimawonjezera magwiridwe antchito kotero kuti maselo a Melligan ophatikizana ndi nembanemba angalandire chidziwitso chokhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa munthu kumachepa ndipo jakisoni wa insulin amafunikira.

Tsogolo la ukadaulo watsopano

Tekinoloje yatsopanoyi imatha kukhalabe mthupi la munthu mpaka zaka ziwiri popanda kuipitsa mwanjira iliyonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti imatha kupereka yankho lalikulu kuvutoli kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba. Pakadali pano, zimangokhala zongodikira - maphunziro oyamba samayamba pa mbewa, koma anthu, ndipo muyenera kungoyang'ana zotsatira zomwe mudzapeze poyesa. Ichi ndi chowonadi chopezeka, chikuyembekezeredwa kuti chikhala chokwanira ndikuthandizira anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa kuti akhale moyo wabwino. Izi zitha kukhala zowona bwino pankhani ya zamankhwala ndi chizindikiro chabwino chotsogola bwino.

Dongosolo la endocrine limayamba kugwidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, omwe amachititsa kuti matenda ashuga akhale ngati matenda a shuga. Matendawa amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: wodalira insulin komanso osadalira insulini. Choyamba sichisowa, peresenti ya anthu asanu, omwe amaposa odwala khumi. Pachiwopsezo chopeza T1DM ndi achinyamata, anthu azaka zazaka mpaka 35, nthawi zambiri kulemera kwa odwala kumakhala kwabwinobwino. Matendawa amafunika kuwunika pafupipafupi, chithandizo chapadera, chomwe chimakhala poyambitsa insulin. Kuti muchepetse matendawa, njira zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zambiri za iwo pansipa.

Mtundu wa 1 shuga wodwala

Musanayambe chithandizo, kusankha njira, ndikofunikira kuganizira zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, zizindikiro zomwe zimadziwika ndi iye, njira zodziwikira. Matenda a shuga ndi kuphwanya magwiridwe antchito a kapamba, machitidwe ena mthupi la munthu, omwe amapangidwa chifukwa chosowa insulini. Pankhani ya matenda, maselo achikondwerero omwe amapanga mahomoni sangathe kugwira bwino ntchito yawo. Zotsatira zake, zizindikiro za shuga zimachulukana, zomwe zimawononga ntchito ya ziwalo, zaumoyo.

Kuperewera kwa insulin ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi kumayambitsa zovuta zina: kusawona bwino, kugwira ntchito kwa ubongo, mitsempha yamagazi yatha. Pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, njira ya metabolic, odwala omwe amapezeka ndi mtundu wa matenda a shuga 1 amafunika kubayidwa tsiku ndi tsiku m'miyoyo yawo yonse. Chithandizo chopanda matenda a shuga a insulin 1 sichotheka, mlingo wa mahomoni umayendetsedwa payekhapayekha.

Asayansi sakudziwa zifukwa zodalirika zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa insulin. Ndi kuthekera kwakukulu komwe kuli kotheka kunena kuti chofunikira pakukula kwa matenda ashuga a 1 ndikuwonongeka kwa maselo a β-cell omwe amapezeka m'mapapo. Ndipo zoyambira vutoli zitha kukhala zosiyanasiyana:

• Kukhalapo kwa majini komwe kumatsimikizira chibadwa cha matenda ashuga.
• Zovuta za chitetezo chamthupi, njira ya autoimmune.
• Matenda opatsirana oyambitsidwa ndi kachilombo, mwachitsanzo, chikuku, hepatitis, chikuku.
• Kupsinjika, kupsinjika kwa malingaliro kosalekeza.

Kwa matenda amtundu wa 1, zizindikiro ndi zachibadwa, monga mtundu wachiwiri. Zizindikiro zonse sizinafotokozeredwe mokwanira, chifukwa chake, sizimabweretsa nkhawa kwa wodwala mpaka ketoacidosis, yomwe nthawi zina imabweretsa zovuta zovuta za matendawa.Ndikofunika kuyang'anitsitsa thanzi lanu mosamala ndipo ngati zizindikiro zingapo za matenda ashuga zapezeka, muyenera kukayezetsa magazi, kuyesa mkodzo ndikuyendera dokotala yemwe akuthandiza matendawa - endocrinologist. Zizindikiro za mtundu woyamba wamatenda:

• Mumva ludzu kwambiri.
• Pakamwa pakamwa.
• Kukoka pafupipafupi (usana ndi usiku).
• Kulakalaka kwamphamvu, koma wodwalayo amachepetsa thupi.
• Zowonongeka, chilichonse chimakhala chopanda tanthauzo popanda zomveka bwino.
• Kutopa, kugona.
• Kawirikawiri, kusinthasintha kwakakwiya, kusatetezeka, kusachedwa, kukwiya.
• Amayi amadziwika ndi chitukuko cha matenda opatsirana m'dera la ziwalo zamkati zomwe sizigwirizana ndi chithandizo chakanthawi.

Ngati ketoacidosis (zovuta) zayamba kale, zowonjezera zimawonedwa:

• Kutupa thupi, khungu louma.
• Kupuma kumakhala pafupipafupi, mwakuya.
• Fungo lochokera pamlomo wamkamwa ndilosasangalatsa - fungo la acetone.
• Kufooka kwathupi lathupi, nseru, kuchepa kwa chikumbumtima ndikotheka.

Njira yovomerezeka yothandizira mtundu wa matenda a shuga 1 ndi ma jakisoni a insulin opitilira. Koma njira zina zowonjezera zimatha kukhudzana ndi matendawa, zimachepetsa zizindikiro zake komanso kupewa kupezeka kwa zovuta. Ndikotheka kugwiritsa ntchito njira izi kapena zina mwa njira zothandizira odwala pokhapokha mutakambirana ndi adokotala ndikuthandizidwa.

Chofunikira pakuthandizira matendawa ndichakudya choyenera cha matenda a shuga 1. Zakudya zopangidwa moyenera, zosankhidwa bwino zimathandizira kuchepetsa, kupewa kuchuluka kwa shuga, motero zitheke kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulin. Chakudya cha T1DM:

• Zosankha siziyenera kuthana ndi thanzi.
• Zakudya, muyenera kusankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
• Ndi matenda a shuga, muyenera kusankha zinthu zachilengedwe.
• Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupange mndandanda wa sabata, kupenda mosamalitsa mbale ndi zida zake.
• Samalani kudya, nthawi ya jakisoni wa insulin, pewani kudya usiku.
• Chakudya chizikhala m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, ogawika osachepera 5 patsiku.
• Pewani shuga wopanda zakudya, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa kwambiri kwa odwala matenda a shuga.
• Osamadya chakudya kuchokera pamndandanda "woletsedwa".
• Ndikofunika kusiya kusuta.

• Zokhala ndi shuga - mitundu yonse ya maswiti (maswiti, chokoleti, makeke).
• Mowa, makamaka, umakhala wowopsa pankhani za matenda a shuga a mellitus dessert ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
• Zipatso zokoma (mwachitsanzo mango, nthochi, mphesa, vwende).
• Madzi owala.
• Zakudya Zachangu.
• Nyama zosuta, zipatso, msuzi wamafuta.

Zakudya za zitsanzo, menyu odwala:

• Chakudya chachikulu ndi chakudya cham'mawa. Ndikwabwino kusankha phala, mazira, amadyera, tiyi wopanda mafuta.
• Zakudya zokhazokha zoyambirira ndizopatsa shuga kapena masamba.
• Chakudya chamasana - msuzi wa masamba, masamba ophika ndi owiritsa kapena wowotcha, nyama yophika kapena nsomba.
• Zakudya zokhazokha - mafuta ochepa mkaka wowawasa, saladi yamasamba kapena mkate wopanda tiyi wopanda mafuta.
• Chakudya chamadzulo - nyama yophika kapena yophika, masamba - atsopano kapena nthenga, nsomba zothimbirira, zinthu zamkaka zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa.

Masewera olimbitsa thupi

Masewera ndi imodzi mwanjira zochizira matenda ashuga. Mwachilengedwe, kuchotsa matendawa sikugwira ntchito konse, koma kumathandizira kuchepetsa magazi. Nthawi zina, kupsinjika kungayambitse kuchuluka kwa shuga, kotero musanayambe makalasi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Mukamaphunzitsidwa pamaso pa shuga, ndikofunikira kuyeza shuga musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, pakati pa maphunziro ndi kumapeto. Muyenera kuyang'anira insulini pafupipafupi ndipo kuzindikiritsa kwina ndikofunikira kusiya zolimbitsa thupi:

• 5.5 mmol / L - mlingo wotsika kumene kusewera masewera kumakhala kosavulaza.Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mudye chakudya chamafuta ambiri (monga mkate) musanayambe kulimbitsa thupi.
• Zizindikiro pamtunda wa 5.5-13.5 mmol / L zimapereka kuwala kobiriwira pophunzitsira.
• Zizindikiro pamwambapa 13.8 mmol / L zimawonetsa kusayenerera kwa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, izi zimatha kukhala chothandizira kukulitsa ketoacidosis, ndipo pa 16.7 mmol / L - ndizoletsedwa kotheratu.
• Ngati mukumaphunzirabe shuga idatsika mpaka 3,8 mmol / L kapena kuchepera, siyani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi yomweyo.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 ali ndi mawonekedwe ake:

• Makalasi amayenera kuseweredwa ndi mpweya wabwino kuti akwaniritse kwambiri.
• Kukula kwa nthawi yokhala ndi matenda a shuga 1 ndi theka la ola, mphindi makumi anayi, kasanu sabata kapena ola limodzi ndi makalasi tsiku lililonse.
• Kupita zolimbitsa thupi, ndikofunikira kutenga chakudya chamankhwala kuti chisachitike ndi hypoglycemia.
• Mu magawo oyamba, sankhani masewera olimbitsa thupi osavuta, pakapita nthawi, ndikuwasintha pang'onopang'ono, ndikuwonjezera katundu.
• Masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi abwino: kuthamanga, kutambasulira, squat, thupi limatembenuka, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kulimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a shuga

Chida chothandiza chopangidwa ndi asayansi aku Germany kuchokera ku Labor von Dr. Budberg ku Hamburg. DiabeNot adatenga malo oyamba ku Europe pakati pa mankhwala a shuga.

Kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi, kukhazikika pancreas, kumachepetsa thupi komanso kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Phwando laling'ono!

Mankhwala agawidwa m'magulu awiri: insulin, yomwe ndiyofunikira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti athetse matenda oyambitsidwa. Itha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo, chifukwa cha kumaliza kwake, nthawi yomwe ntchitoyo ichitike:

• Mwachidule kuchita insulin. Homoni imayamba mphindi khumi ndi zisanu atamwa.
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amawonjezeranso patatha maola awiri atakhazikitsa.
• Insulin yokhala nthawi yayitali imayamba kugwira ntchito maola anayi, atatha jakisoni.

Ndikotheka kubaya insulin m'thupi la odwala omwe ali ndi vuto 1 la shuga ndi jakisoni, pogwiritsa ntchito syringe yapadera ndi singano yopyapyala kapena pampu.

Gulu lachiwiri la mankhwalawa liphatikizapo:

• ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor) - mankhwala omwe amathandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi, amaletsa kapena kuchepetsa kubala kwa matenda a impso.
• Mankhwala kuthana ndi mavuto am'mimba omwe amachokera ndi matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba. Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwalawa kumadalira pa matenda ndi mitundu ya vutoli. Ikhoza kukhala Erythromycin kapena Cerucal.
• Ngati pali vuto la mtima kapena mtima wam'mimba, tikulimbikitsidwa kutenga Aspirin kapena Cardiomagnyl.
• Ngati zotumphukira neuropathy, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Ngati pali zovuta ndi potency, erection, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Viagra, Cialis.
• Simvastatin kapena Lovastatin ithandiza cholesterol yotsika.

Zithandizo za anthu

Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba 1 amagwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa. Zakudya zina, zitsamba, ndalama zitha kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi kapena ngakhale kuzichulukitsa. Zithandizo zodziwika bwino zakumwa zina, mankhwala akunyumba ndi awa:

• Nyemba (5-7 zidutswa) kutsanulira madzi 100 ml kutentha kwa chipinda usiku umodzi. Pamimba yopanda kanthu, idyani nyemba zotupa ndikumwa madzi. Chakudya cham'mawa chiyenera kuchepetsedwa kwa ola limodzi.
• Pangani kulowetsedwa komwe kumaphatikizapo malita 0,2 amadzi ndi magalamu 100 a mbewu za oat. Kugwiritsa ntchito katatu patsiku ndimamwa makapu 0,5.
• Dzazani thermos usiku ndikuphatikiza 1 chikho cha madzi (madzi otentha) ndi 1 tbsp. l chowawa. Kukhetsa m'mawa ndi kumwa chikho 1/3 aliyense kwa masiku 15.
• Pukuta ma clove ochepa ochepa a adyo mpaka gruel atapangidwa, kuwonjezera madzi (malita 0,5) ndikuumirira kwa theka la ola pamalo otentha. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, imwani ngati tiyi tsiku lonse.
• Kwa mphindi 7, kuphika 30 magalamu a ivy, okhathamiritsidwa ndi 0,5 l lamadzi, ndikulimbikira kwa maola angapo, kukhetsa. Malamulo olandila: Imwani musanadye kaye.
• Sungani magawo 40 a walnuts, onjezerani 0,2 L amadzi oyera ndi simmer kwa ola limodzi osamba madzi. Kukhetsa ndi kumwa tincture musanadye supuni.

Chithandizo chatsopano

Ntchito pa kuphunzira za matenda a shuga komanso njira zake zamankhwala zakhala zikuchitika kwazaka zambiri mmaiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Pali gulu la asayansi omwe cholinga chawo chachikulu ndi kuthetsa nkhaniyi. Kafukufuku wawo amathandizidwa ndi makampani opanga mankhwala, makampani akuluakulu, mabungwe othandizira, maziko, komanso boma. Pali njira zingapo zabwino zachitukuko zokhudzana ndi matenda amtundu woyamba 1:

• Asayansi akuyesera kuti apange maselo a stem a anthu kukhala opanda kanthu m'maselo a beta, omwe amatha kugwira ntchito yopanga mahomoni ndikuchiritsa matenda ashuga. Koma mpaka pamapeto omveka phunziroli komanso mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito chida chothandizira anthu odwala matenda ashuga, akadali kutali.
• Ofufuzawo ena akugwira ntchito ya katemera yomwe ingalepheretse njira ya autoimmune kuphukira, momwe ma cell a pancreatic beta agunda, ndipo matenda a shuga amapezeka.

Chaka chilichonse, njira zatsopano zochizira matenda amtundu wa 1 zimawonekera ngati mankhwala. Izi ndichifukwa choti matenda am'mimba amayamba kuchepa chaka ndi chaka, ndipo mankhwala samayima.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amakhudza makamaka achinyamata. Koma mdziko lamakono, mankhwala samayima. Odwala nthawi zambiri amaganiza ngati chinthu chatsopano chikuwoneka pochiza matenda a shuga 1. Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zitha kuthana ndi matendawa posachedwa?

Katemera

Nkhani za mtundu 1 za matenda ashuga mu 2016 zidachokera ku American Association, zomwe zidayambitsa katemera wotsutsa matendawa. Katemera wopangidwayo ndiwopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri. Sipanga ma antibodies motsutsana ndi matendawa, monga katemera wina. Katemera amateteza kupangika kwa yankho linalake la chitetezo kumaselo a pancreatic.

Katemera watsopanoyu amazindikira maselo am magazi omwe amakhudza kapamba popanda kukhudza zinthu zina. Kwa miyezi itatu, odzipereka 80 anachita nawo phunziroli.

Mu gulu loyendetsa, zidapezeka kuti ma cell a pancreatic amatha kudzipuma pawokha. Izi zimawonjezera katulutsidwe ka insulin yawo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito katemera kwa nthawi yayitali kumabweretsa kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono mu mlingo wa insulin. Dziwani kuti pamayesero azachipatala palibe zovuta zomwe zimawonedwa.

Komabe, katemera sagwira ntchito mwa odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri yayitali ya matenda ashuga. Koma imakhala ndi chothandiza pakuwonetsa matendawa pakuwonekera.

Katemera wa BCG

Massachusetts Science Laborator inachita zoyesa zamankhwala za katemera odziwika bwino a BCG, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa chifuwa chachikulu. Asayansi adawona kuti katemera, kupanga maselo oyera, omwe amatha kukhudzana ndi kapamba, amachepa. Pamodzi ndi izi, kumasulidwa kwa maselo T, omwe amateteza maselo a beta kuukira kwa autoimmune, amalimbikitsidwa.

Kuwona odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, kuwonjezeka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa chiwerengero cha T-cell kumadziwika, komwe kumakhala ndi chitetezo. Popita nthawi, kubisala kwa insulin yawo kumakhala kwabwinobwino.

Katemera wambiri patatha milungu 4, odwala adasintha. Matendawa adadutsa gawo lomwe amalimbikira kulipirira. Katemera amalola kuti muiwale za kubaya insulin.

Pancreatic beta cell encapsulation

Zotsatira zabwino zochizira matenda ashuga ndizinthu zaposachedwa kwambiri zomwe zimatha kupusitsa chitetezo chanu cha mthupi. Zinthuzi zinakhala zotchuka chifukwa cha asayansi aku University of Massachusetts ndi Harvard. Njirayi idayesedwa bwino mu zinyama zantchito ndipo sizinakhale ndi zotsatirapo zake.

Poyeserera, maselo apakhungu a kapamba adayambitsidwa kale. Maselo a stem adakhala gawo lawo, lomwe mothandizidwa ndi enzyme adasandutsidwa ma cell a beta.

Atapeza zofunikira zokwanira, maselo a islet adazunguliridwa ndi gelisi yapadera. Maselo okhala ndi ma Gel anali ndi michere yokwanira kupezekanso. Zomwe zimapangidwira zidaperekedwa kuti ziyesedwe nyama yoyeserera matenda a shuga ogwiritsira ntchito jakisoni wambiri. Ma bwaloli okonzedwa kale anali atalowa mu kapamba.

Popita nthawi, ma pancreatic mabisiketi amatulutsa awo insulin, omwe amachepetsedwa ndi mphamvu ya chitetezo cha mthupi. Komabe, nthawi yokhala ndi moyo wa maselo ophatikizidwa ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kenako ndikusintha kwatsopano kwa ma islets otetezeka kumafunika.

Kukhazikitsidwa pafupipafupi kwa maselo okhala ndi timabowo tating'ono tokhala ndi ma polymer kumakulolani kuti muiwale za insulin mankhwala mpaka muyaya. Asayansi akukonzekera kupanga ma kapisozi atsopano a maselo ochepa omwe amakhala ndi moyo wautali. Kupambana kwa mayesero azachipatala ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhalebe ndi nthawi yayitali ya standardoglycemia.

Kuika mafuta kwamafuta

Mafuta a bulauni amapangidwa bwino akhanda ndi nyama zobisika. Akuluakulu, imakhalapo pang'ono. Ntchito za bulauni adipose minofu:

• pachipala,
• kuthamanga kwa metabolic,
• matenda a shuga
• yafupika insulin.

Mafuta a bulauni samakhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kunenepa kwambiri kungokhala ndi mafuta oyera okha, izi ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta aziwirira.

Nkhani yoyamba pa chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 1 a mtundu wa shuga wothira mafuta a bulauni idaperekedwa ndi asayansi ku yunivesite ya Vanderbilt. Amasinthana minofu yamafuta kuchokera ku mbewa zovomerezeka zama labotale kuti ayese toyesa. Zotsatira zakukula zinaonetsa kuti mbewa 16 mwa 30 za ma labotala odwala zidachotsa matenda amtundu 1 wa shuga.

Zitukuko zikuchitika zomwe zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a bulauni mwa anthu. Popeza zotsatira zabwino zosatsutsika, malangizowa ndiwopindulitsa kwambiri. Mwinanso njira imeneyi yothandizira popatsirana matenda a shuga.

Kupatsirana kwa kapamba

Nkhani yoyamba ya kufalikira kwa kapamba kuchokera kwa wopereka wathanzi kupita kwa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga, idayamba kufalikira mu 1966. Opaleshoniyo idalola wodwalayo kuti azitha kulimbitsa shuga. Komabe, wodwalayo adamwalira patatha miyezi iwiri kuchokera pakukana autoimmune kwa kapamba.

Pakadali pano moyo, matekinoloje aposachedwa alola kuti abwererenso kumayesero azachipatala. Mitundu iwiri ya njira zopangira opaleshoni ya shuga yapangidwa:

• kusintha kwa zisumbu za Langerhans,
• kutulutsa kwathunthu.

Pofuna kupatsirana maselo, zinthu zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa wopereka m'modzi kapena zingapo ndizofunikira. Zinthuzo zimalowetsedwa m'mitsempha ya chiwindi. Amalandira michere kuchokera ku magazi, ndikupanga insulini. Kufikira pamapeto, ntchito ya pancreatic siyabwezeretsedwa. Komabe, odwala amalipirira kulipirira matendawa.

Zikondwerero zoperekayo zimayikidwa kudzanja lamanja la chikhodzodzo. Zikondwerero zomwezi sizimachotsedwa. Mwanjira ina, amatengako gawo m'kugaya.

Mankhwala othana ndi kutupa ndi ma immunosuppressants amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zovuta za postoperative. Chithandizo chotsitsimutsa chimachepetsa kukhudzika kwa thupi lanu pazinthu zomwe zimapereka kwa gland.Chifukwa cha chithandizo cha postoperative, njira zambiri zopangira opaleshoni zimatha bwino.

Mukamagulitsa zikondwerero zopereka, pamakhala chiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto obwera chifukwa chotsutsana ndi autoimmune. Kuchita bwino kumathandizira wodwalayo kuti azidalira insulin.

Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors

Mankhwala ofananawo a shuga amalepheretsa kupanga enzyme yapadera yamatumbo yomwe imasungunula zovuta zamimba. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe a polysaccharides kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Awa ndi mankhwala amakono ochepetsa shuga, omwe kwenikweni alibe zotsatira zoyipa, samayambitsa matenda am'mimba komanso kupweteka kwam'mimba.

Mapiritsi ayenera kumwedwa ndi chakudya choyamba, amachepetsa shuga komanso samakhudza maselo a pancreatic. Kukonzekera kwa nkhondoyi kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi othandizira ena a hypoglycemic ndi insulin, koma chiwopsezo cha kuwonetsa kwa hypoglycemic chikuwonjezeka. Oyimira bwino a gululi ndi Glucobay ndi Miglitol.

• Glucobai (Acarbose) - mankhwalawa amalimbikitsidwa kuti atengedwe ngati shuga atakwera kwambiri atangodya. Mankhwalawa amalekeredwa bwino, samayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa thupi. Mapiritsi amalembedwa ngati mankhwala othandizira kuti athandize pakudya chamafuta ochepa. Mlingo umasankhidwa payekhapayekha, tsiku lililonse mumatha kumwa 300 mg ya mankhwalawa, ndikugawa Mlingo mu 3 Mlingo.
• Miglitol - Mankhwala amathandizidwa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mitundu iwiri, ngati zakudya ndi zolimbitsa thupi sizingachitike. Mapiritsi akulimbikitsidwa kuti atenge pamimba yopanda kanthu. Contraindication chithandizo ndi Miglitol ndi mimba, ubwana, matenda a m'matumbo, kupezeka kwa hernias yayikulu. Nthawi zina, wothandizirana ndi hypoglycemic amakwiya. Mtengo wa mankhwala omwe ali mgululi amasiyana kuchokera 300 mpaka 400 ma ruble.

Zaka zaposachedwa, m'badwo watsopano wa mankhwala wawoneka, omwe amatchedwa dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors, omwe kuchitapo kwawo ndikukuwonjezera kupanga kwa insulin potengera kuchuluka kwa shuga. Mu thupi lathanzi, zopitirira 70% za insulini zimapangidwa moyenera mothandizidwa ndi mahomoni a insretin.

Zinthu izi zimayambitsa zochitika monga kutulutsidwa kwa shuga ku chiwindi ndikupanga insulin ndi maselo a beta. Mankhwala atsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yokhayokha kapena amaphatikizidwa ndi zovuta kuchipatala. Amatsitsa bwino kuchuluka kwa glucose ndikutulutsa masitolo a insretin kuti athane ndi shuga.

Imwani mapiritsi mukamadya kapena mukatha kudya. Amalekeredwa bwino ndipo samathandizira kulemera. Gulu la ndalama izi limaphatikizapo Januvia, Galvus, Saksagliptin.

Mtengo wapakati wa Januvia ndi ma ruble 1,500, Galvus - 800 rubles.

Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 amawopa kusinthira insulin. Komabe, ngati chithandizo chamankhwala ena ochepetsa shuga sichikupatsani chifukwa shuga amakwera pang'onopang'ono mpaka 9 mmol / l mukatha kudya mkati mwa sabata, muyenera kuganizira za kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin.

Ndi zizindikiro zotere, palibe mankhwala ena a hypoglycemic omwe amatha kukhazikika. Kunyalanyaza malangizo azachipatala kumabweretsa zovuta zowopsa, chifukwa ndi shuga wambiri, chiwopsezo cha kulephera kwa impso, zovuta kwambiri, kutayika kwa malingaliro ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa kulumala zimakulitsidwa kwambiri.

Mankhwala ena a shuga

Chithunzi: Matenda Osiyanasiyana a shuga - Diabenot

Chimodzi mwazomwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndi mankhwala a matenda a shuga a Diabenot. Ichi ndichopanga cha magawo awiri opangidwa motengera zomera zotetezeka. Mankhwalawa adapangidwa ndi akatswiri azamankhwala aku Germany ndipo amangotuluka kumene pamsika waku Russia.

Makapisozi a Diabenot amathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa maselo a pancreatic beta, kusintha njira zama metabolic, kuyeretsa magazi ndi magazi, kuchepetsa shuga, kupewa kukula kwa zovuta ndi chitetezo chokwanira.

Kumwa mankhwalawa kungathandize kupanga insulini, kupewa glycemia ndikubwezeretsa ntchito za chiwindi ndi kapamba. Mankhwalawa alibe zotsutsana ndi zoyipa zilizonse. Tengani makapisozi kawiri patsiku (m'mawa ndi madzulo). Mankhwalawa akugulitsidwa mpaka pano pa tsamba lovomerezeka la wopanga. Werengani zambiri ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kuwunika kwa makapisozi a Diabenot.

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amtundu wa shuga amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: awa ndi ofunikira a insulin ndi mankhwala ena omwe amathandizidwa kuti athetse matenda omwe amakhalanso amodzi.

Ndizololedwa kulandira insulin, kutengera kutalika kwa zochita, m'mitundu ingapo:

Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala oyenera, kusankha kwa mankhwala ndi njira zina zochizira kumachitika ndi endocrinologist. Mankhwala a insulini amachitika mwa kubaya kapena kupaka insulini, yomwe imaperekera Mlingo wambiri wa mankhwala m'thupi.

Mankhwala ochokera ku gulu lachiwiri lomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amtundu wa 1 amaphatikizapo:

Chithandizo chovuta kwambiri cha matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba 1 ndicholinga chothandiza wodwalayo komanso kupewa mavuto. Matenda a shuga masiku ano amaonedwa kuti ndi matenda osachiritsika, motero pangafunike kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga kapena kulandira chithandizo cha insulini m'moyo wonse.

Onerani kanema: Momwe mankhwala osokoneza bongo amakhudzira thanzi

Dongosolo la endocrine limayamba kugwidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, omwe amachititsa kuti matenda ashuga akhale ngati matenda a shuga. Matendawa amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: wodalira insulin komanso osadalira insulini. Choyamba sichisowa, peresenti ya anthu asanu, omwe amaposa odwala khumi. Pachiwopsezo chopeza T1DM ndi achinyamata, anthu azaka zazaka mpaka 35, nthawi zambiri kulemera kwa odwala kumakhala kwabwinobwino. Matendawa amafunika kuwunika pafupipafupi, chithandizo chapadera, chomwe chimakhala poyambitsa insulin. Kuti muchepetse matendawa, njira zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zambiri za iwo pansipa.

Pampu ya insulin

Chipangizocho ndi cholembera. Pampu ya insulin siyimapulumutsa wodwalayo pakuyamba kupanga insulin. Komabe, pafupipafupi olamulira amachepetsa kwambiri. Izi ndizothandiza kwambiri kwa wodwala. The odwala matenda ashuga payokha amakonza chida, ndikukhazikitsa magawo a insulin yofunikira.

Pompo imakhala ndi chosungira cha mankhwalawa ndi catheter, yomwe imayikidwa mu mafuta osunthika. Mankhwala amapanga thupi mosalekeza. Chipangizacho chimayimira palokha shuga.

Mu 2016, kampani yodziwika bwino ya Medtronik inatulutsa pampu kuti anthu azigwiritsa ntchito anthu ambiri. Dongosolo latsopanoli ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, lili ndi kuthekera kodziyeretsa ndekha. Posachedwa, pampu ya insulin ipezeka kwa ogula osiyanasiyana.