Mwazi wa Magazi 5 > Amasanthula

Magawo a shuga 5.6 ndi chizindikiro chokwanira cha shuga. Komabe, zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi, zomwe zimachokera ku magawo a 5.6 mpaka 6.9, ziyenera kukhala zochenjera, popeza zochulukirapo zimatha kuzindikira kukula kwa dziko la prediabetes.

Matenda a shuga ndi malire am'malire omwe amagwirizana pakati pa kugwira ntchito kwa thupi lonse ndi matenda ashuga. Mwanjira ina, kapamba amagwira ntchito pafupipafupi, koma kupanga kwa insulin kumachitika pang'ono.

Odwala onse omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto la matenda osokoneza bongo ali pachiwopsezo, motero, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga 2 umachulukirachulukira.

Talingalirani zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi boma la prediabetes, ndipo ndi ziti zomwe zingathandize kuti adziwe matenda ake? Komanso ndikupeza zizindikiro ziti zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa prediabetes?

Khalidwe la matenda a shuga

Chifukwa chake, matenda a prediabetes amapezeka liti? Ngati timadalira kuyesedwa kwa magazi, koma titha kulankhula za prediabetes pamene phindu la glucose limaposa mayunitsi a 5.6, koma osapitirira 7.0 mmol / l.

Izi zimawonetsa kuti thupi la munthu sililabadira moyenera pakudya shuga mkati mwake. Muzochita zachipatala, matendawa amatchedwa malire. Ndiye kuti, dokotala alibe chifukwa cholankhulira za matenda ashuga, koma mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo umakupangitsani kukhala osamala.

Pofuna kudziwa matenda a prediabetes, kuyezetsa mayeso angapo a labotale ndikofunikira. Choyamba, wodwalayo amatenga magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, zomwe zimakhala m'thupi zimatsimikizika.

Gawo lotsatira ndikukhazikitsa kuyesa kwa glucose chiwopsezo, chochitika motere:

Magazi amodzi amatulutsa pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Katundu wa shuga mu mawonekedwe a shuga amasungunuka mumadzi omwe amaperekedwa kwa wodwala kuti amwe.
Zitsanzo zingapo zamagazi zomwe zimatengedwa pafupipafupi.

Zizindikiro za shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu ndizotsatira zotsatirazi - magawo a 3,3-5,5. Ngati phunziroli lawonetsa zotsatira za mayunitsi 5.6, titha kukambirana za prediabetesic state. Izi zimaperekedwa kuti madzi achilengedwe adatengedwa kuchokera ku chala cha wodwalayo.

Zikakhala kuti magazi a wodwala amayesedwa, ndiye kuti shuga wambiri amakhala ndi madigiri 6.1, ndipo pamalire amalire, chiwerengerocho chidzasiyana ndi 6.1 mpaka 7.0 mmol / l.

Decoding mayeso a chiwopsezo cha glucose:

Kufikira mayunitsi 7.8 ndiye chizolowezi.
Magawo a 8-11.1 - prediabetes.
Kupitilira magawo 11.1 - shuga.

Ndizotheka kuti zotsatira za kuyezetsa magazi zitha kuoneka ngati zabodza kapena zabodza, chifukwa chake sikunakhazikitsidwe ndikuwunika kamodzi.

Kuti mutsimikizire za matendawa, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphunzirapo kangapo (makamaka kawiri kapena katatu), komanso masiku osiyanasiyana.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo?

Kutengera ndi manambala azachipatala, tinganene kuti pafupifupi anthu 3 miliyoni aku Russia akudwala matenda ashuga. Komabe, kafukufuku wofufuzira amapereka zambiri zomwe anthu opitilira 8 miliyoni ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Izi zikuwonetsa kuti oposa 2/3 a odwala matenda ashuga samangopeza chithandizo chamankhwala, motero, samalandira chithandizo chokwanira.

Potsatira lingaliro la World Health Organisation, kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga pambuyo pa zaka 40 kuyenera kuchitika katatu pachaka. Ngati wodwalayo ali pachiwopsezo, ndiye kuti phunzirolo liyenera kuchitika 4-5 pachaka.

Gulu lamavuto limaphatikizapo magulu a anthu:

Odwala onenepa kwambiri. Kusintha kwambiri thanzi lanu, kuti muchepetse mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga, muyenera kutaya 10-15% ya kulemera konse.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa (kuchuluka kwambiri kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'thupi).
Gulu la anthu omwe abale awo apamtima ali ndi mbiri ya matenda a shuga.

Amayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga pakatikati amakhala gawo lowopsa.

Zizindikiro za boma la prediabetes

Ngati munthu wonenepa kapena wonenepa kwambiri, amakhala moyo wongokhala, osadya bwino, amadziwa zongoyankha zamasewera, ndiye kuti atha kunena kuti ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo.

Mwambiri, anthu samayang'ana pa zoyipa yoyamba. Mutha kunena zowonjezereka, ena, ngakhale akudziwa kuti shuga yamwazi ndiwambiri kuposa zabwinobwino, osachitapo kanthu.

Mwazi wa magazi sindiwo kuchuluka kapena chithunzi, ndi chizindikiro choti kapamba ikugwira ntchito mokwanira. Ndipo popeza thupi la munthu ndi gawo lolumikizana, kuphwanya malo amodzi kumatha kubweretsa kusokonezeka kwina.

Chithunzi cha chipatala cha boma la prediabetesic chimadziwika ndi zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

Vuto la kugona. Chizindikiro chimayamba ngati kulephera kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, motsutsana ndi maziko a kuwonongeka kwa kapamba, kuchepa kwa kapangidwe ka insulin m'thupi.
Kulakalaka kwamphamvu pakumwa, kuwonjezeka kwamkodzo weniweni patsiku. Shuga akamalowa m'magazi a anthu, osakhudzidwa kwathunthu, izi zimapangitsa kuti magaziwo azikhala amanenepa. Malinga ndi izi, thupi limafunikira madzi ambiri kuti amuchotse.
Kuchepetsa kwambiri kulemera kwa thupi popanda chifukwa. Pakakhala vuto la kupanga mahomoni, shuga wamagazi amunthu amadzadziunjikira, koma sangatengeredwe pama cellular, omwe amachititsa kuchepetsa thupi ndi kuchepa mphamvu.
Khungu limayamwa ndipo limayang'ana pakhungu. Chifukwa chakuti magazi achulukana kwambiri, zimakhala zovuta kuti asunthe mitsempha yamagazi ndi mitsempha yaying'ono, chifukwa, magazi amayenda mthupi akusokonezeka, zomwe zimatsogolera kuzizindikiro zotere.
Mikhalidwe yopweteka. Popeza pali kuphwanya kufalikira kwa magazi kwathunthu, njira yodyetsera minofu yofewa imakwiya, izi zimayambitsa kukokana kwa minofu.
Mutu. Poyerekeza ndi maziko a boma la prediabetesic, mitsempha yamagazi yaying'ono imatha kuwonongeka, yomwe imayambitsa matenda osayenda bwino.

Zizindikiro zotere ziyenera kuchenjeza munthu aliyense, chifukwa mwa kuwonetsa zizindikiro, thupi limalengeza kuti sizingagwire ntchito kale.

Matenda a shuga si matenda ashuga, ndi chinthu chomwe chimasinthanso ngati njira zofunika zodzitetezera munthawi yake zingachitike.

Zoyenera kuchita

Ngati kuyesedwa kwa magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu kwatulutsa shuga chifukwa cha mayunitsi a 5.6 kapena kupitilira apo, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupite ku endocrinologist.

Nawonso, adotolo adzayeretsa kwathunthu zomwe zimapanga boma la prediabetes, zomwe njira zamankhwala ndizoyenera, lipereka malingaliro ndi upangiri wopewa kukula kwa matenda ashuga okhazikika.

Monga momwe machitidwe akusonyezera, ngati pakufunika kuti anthu azigwira odwala matenda ashuga, matendawa ndi abwino, ndipo mwina chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga sichingayambike.

Kafukufuku adachitika ku United States kuti kukonza njira yamoyo ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopewa matenda a shuga poyerekeza ndi mankhwala.

Phunziroli limafotokoza izi:

Mukasintha zakudya, kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amatha kutsika ndi 10% ya kulemera koyambirira. Zotsatira zake, izi zimachepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga ndi 55%.
Ngati mumwa mankhwala (Metformin 850), ndiye kuti matenda am'thupi amatsika ndi 30% yokha.

Chifukwa chake, titha kunena molimba mtima kuti kukonza njira yamoyo ndi "mtengo" wawung'ono wathanzi lathu. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti wodwala akangokhalira kilogalamu imodzi, zinthu zimamuyendera bwino.

Zakudya zoyenera

Odwala onse omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi boma la prediabetes ayenera kudziwa zakudya zomwe angafune komanso zakudya zomwe angadye, komanso zomwe ziyenera kutayidwa kwathunthu.

Upangiri woyamba wa akatswiri azakudya zathanzi kudya zakudya zazing'ono pafupipafupi. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kusiya michere yamagetsi. Confectionery, makeke, zakudya zingapo zotsekemera ndizoletsedwa.

Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zotere, ndiye kuti izi zimadzetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi. Komabe, popeza kagayidwe kachakudya kamachitika ndi zosokoneza, shuga sangatengeke bwino, motero, imadziunjikira m'thupi.

Dzikoli lisanafike matenda a shuga limakhala ndi zoperewera zina. Mutha kudya zakudya zambiri, koma muyenera kusankha mbale zomwe zimakhala ndi index ya glycemic yotsika komanso mafuta ochepa.

Idyani zakudya zamafuta ochepa, zamafuta ambiri.
Werengani ziwerengero zama calorie.
Chulukitsani zakudya zamasamba, zitsamba ndi zipatso.
Kuchepetsa kudya zamafuta kwambiri.
Njira zazikulu zophikira ndikuphika, kuphika, kuwotcha.

Wodwala iyemwini amatha kuthana ndi mfundo zonse za zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zovomerezeka kapena zoletsedwa. Masiku ano, chifukwa cha kufala kwa matenda a zam'mimba, pali zambiri zambiri pamutuwu.

Mutha kuyang'ananso kwa dokotala wazakudya, yemwe angakuthandizeni kupanga menyu olingalira, poganizira moyo wa wodwala ndi zomwe akukumana nazo.

Njira zina

Odwala omwe ali ndi prediabetesic state amathanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochokera ku wowerengeka omwe amathandizira kukula kwa shuga. Komabe, limodzi nawo, munthu sayenera kuyiwala za zakudya zomveka komanso zolimbitsa thupi.

Ndemanga ya odwala matenda ashuga akuwonetsa kuti buckwheat bwino amachepetsa shuga, amakhala bwino. Kuphika chakudya “chamafuta”, pukuta zomerazo ndi chopukusira cha khofi. Kwa 250 ml ya kefir, supuni ziwiri za chimanga chodula, siyani usiku. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya m'mawa chakudya cham'mawa chisanachitike.

Njira yina yosathandizira kusinthitsa shuga ndikumachiritsa kochokera pambewu za fulakesi. Kuti mukonzekere, muyenera kuthira supuni imodzi yamadzi mu 250 ml ya madzi, kubweretsa kwa chithupsa. Imwani kapu imodzi m'mawa musanadye. Kutalika kwa njira yochiritsira sikunalire.

Gawo lofunika kwambiri la prediabetes therapy ndi kuwonjezeka kwa zolimbitsa thupi. Mutha kusankha nokha masewera pamtundu wa wodwala zomwe amakonda: kusambira, kuyendetsa njinga, kuyenda mayendedwe othamanga, volleyball, ndi zina zambiri.

Ngati pakadutsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kudzera mu chakudya, masewera ndi mankhwala wowerengeka sizingatheke kutulutsa mayendedwe a shuga, ndiye kuti mapiritsi amayikidwa kuti athandizire kukulitsa chidwi cha minofu. Mankhwala abwino kwambiri ndi Gliclazide, Glycvidone, Metformin.

Zambiri zokhudzana ndi prediabetes zikufotokozedwa ndi katswiri muvidiyoyi.

Kodi mawu oti “shuga wabwinobwino” amatanthauza chiyani?

Mankhwala amakono adavomereza kale chizindikiro cha shuga weniweni. Ingofuna kunena kuti kupatuka kocheperako kulinso kwabwinobwino. Zambiri zimatengera momwe wodwalayo adawerengera, momwe tsiku lapitalo lidapita, zomwe adadya ndi zomwe wodwala adamwa.

Kwa munthu wapakati, pa zaka zapakati (kuyambira pafupifupi zaka 15 mpaka zaka) ndi mtundu wolimbitsa thupi, chizolowezicho chimachokera ku magawo 3,3 mpaka 5.8.
Kwa okalamba - mpaka 6.2.
Amayi oyembekezera, omwe thupi lawo limakhala lolemedwa kawiri komanso nthawi zina, amakhala ndi shuga wambiri mpaka 6.4 mmol / L.
Kwa akhanda, chizindikirochi chimachepa pang'ono - kuchokera pa 2,5 mpaka 4,4. Kwa ana okulirapo - mpaka 5.2.
Kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zinthu sizikhala zosiyana kwambiri - mpaka 6.1. Komabe, anthu onenepa kwambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto a shuga, ndipo vuto lililonse liyenera kuganiziridwa payekhapayekha.

Kutengera mtundu wa kusanthula, muyezo wa anthu wamba umatha kusiyanasiyana kuyambira 3.1 mpaka 6.1 mmol pa lita. Mwachitsanzo, simuyenera kudalira muyeso ya nthawi imodzi ndi glucometer. Makamaka amakhala pakati pa tsiku. Kupatula apo, sagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda ashuga, glucometer imangoyang'anira kuwunika kwa shuga mwa odwala.

Kodi matenda ashuga ali ndi zizindikiro?

Matenda a shuga ndi imodzi mwamatenda obisika kwambiri. Mu 80% ya nthendayi, matendawa adachitika modabwitsa kwambiri pomwe wodwalayo sanadziwe za izi mpaka zitakhala zoyipa.

Chifukwa chake, pamene zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga zikuwoneka, ndibwino kusewera mosamala ndikupereka magazi kuti asanthule:

Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri, ludzu lalikulu,
Malangizo a zala imodzi kapena angapo amadontha kwakanthawi,
Muyenera kudzuka momwe mufunikira ngakhale usiku,
Kulemala kunachepa, ndimangofuna kugona.

Zizindikirozi zikawoneka, muyenera kudziyang'anitsitsa ndikudziyesa shuga kuchipatala chilichonse cholipira kapena chaulere mumzinda. Pali njira zingapo zophunzirira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi.

Kodi mayeso a shuga amachitika bwanji?

Kuti mupeze matenda olondola, muyeso wosasintha sioyenera, kuchezera mnzanu yemwe ali ndi glucometer yogwiritsa ntchito. Magazi a venous nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amachokera kwa wodwala m'mawa kwambiri pamimba yopanda kanthu. Pamaso pa njirayi, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti uzitsamira zotsekemera, komanso sikofunikira kuti muzichotsa kwathunthu.

Ngati pali kukaikira anthu odwala matenda ashuga kapena ngati pali achibale omwe ali ndi matenda m'mbiri ya wodwalayo, akufuna kuti ayesere kulolera kwa glucose. Kupanda kutero, imatha kutchedwa kuyesa kwa glucose yokhala ndi katundu kapena "lopindika shuga".

Imachitika ndi katatu magazi sampu:

Choyamba, magazi amatengedwa m'mawa kwambiri pamimba yopanda kanthu. Dokotala amayembekeza zotsatira zake, ndipo ngati zili pafupi ndi zabwinobwino, amapitilira gawo lachiwiri.
75 g ya shuga imasungunuka mu kapu yamadzi ndikupereka kuti amwe kwa wodwalayo. Osati chakumwa chosangalatsa kwambiri, koma ndikofunikira kuti adziwe zoyenera. Kachiwiri, kutsitsa magazi kumachitika mphindi 10 mutamwa shuga.
Kachitatu muyenera kupereka magazi patatha ola lachiwiri.

Zotsatira zake ndizotsatira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muzindikire komanso kupewa matenda ashuga mu bud. Ngati kusanthula sikupitilira 7.8, ndiye kuti izi sizikugwira ntchito pa matenda ashuga. Ngati mukusokera kumayunitsi 11, muyenera kuyamba kufuula, chifukwa pali mwayi woti matenda a shuga akupanga. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kulabadira zakudya zanu, kuchepetsa kudya zakudya zopanda pake ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yambiri mu mpweya wabwino.

Ndi zochitika ziti zomwe zingayambitse kuchuluka kwa shuga mpaka 6.5?

Kapangidwe ka magazi sikakhala kosalekeza. Magazi ndi amodzi mwa oyamba "kuzindikira" ndikuyankha ku matenda, thanzi, nkhawa. Magazi a shuga m'magazi ndi cyclic. Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chitha kusintha ngakhale masana, popanda chifukwa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuwonjezera shuga kuti ukhale wopanda tanthauzo - 6-6.5, kusintha pang'ono kwa thupi, komanso kwakuya, ndikokwanira.

Zotsatirazi zingakhudze kuchuluka kwa glucose:

Kupsinjika, mitsempha, nkhawa,
Zabwino zikusefukira,
Kumva zowawa, komanso kugwedezeka kwa ululu,
Mimba
Zowawa zamitundu mitundu,
Kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka chiwindi ndi impso, komanso njira ya kwamikodzo,
Khunyu, khunyu,
Matenda a mtima, sitiroko.

Pokhapokha ngati tayambitsa "kusokonezeka" kwa thupi, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amadikirira kuchotsa mavuto ndi shuga. Ngati ikupitilira kukwera, muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi moyo wanu.

Kodi ngati shuga yayamba kutuluka?

Mukazindikira njira zopatuka, choyambirira, munthu aliyense amafuna kudziwa choti achite. Ngati shuga wamagazi ndi mayunitsi 6.5 kapena kuposerapo, kusintha zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndikuyenda tsiku lililonse kumathandiza kwambiri, osachepera theka la ola. Zochita zimawonetsa kuti kwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, kuchepa kwa 4-5% yokha ya thupi (nthawi zambiri kumangokhala ma kilogalamu 3-5) kumathandizira kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda oyipa.

Pongoyambira, mutha kungochepetsa pang'ono kugwiritsa ntchito maswiti. Mukangochotsa ufa wonse “wa tiyi”, mutha kuzindikira kuti kupuma movutikira kumayamba kutha. Kusintha chikondwerero ndikuyenda m'makwerero, aliyense amawona kuti ndi wolimba bwanji, ndipo mbali zodedwa zimasowa limodzi ndi zovuta za shuga.

Ngati shuga ikula, ndibwino kupeza glucometer. Miyeso yokhazikika nthawi yomweyo (makamaka m'mawa komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu) ikupereka chithunzi chonse cha kufupika kwa glucose.

Zakudya zoyenera ndi shuga wambiri

Kudya ndi shuga wambiri kumatanthauza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri (ichi ndi shuga). Ndikofunika kusintha ambiri aiwo ndi fructose kapena michere ina yovuta. Zimagaya nthawi yayitali, zimapatsa thanzi thupi, zimachepetsa mwayi wamafuta.

Zinthu zomwe sizimakhudza shuga m'magazi ndi monga:

Masamba achilengedwe, zipatso zambiri kuchokera kuulimi,
Tchizi (mwachitsanzo tofu kapena tchizi chanyumba)
Zakudya zam'nyanja, nsomba,
Maswiti okongoletsa
Mitundu, bowa.

Chitsanzo cha zakudya zochepetsera shuga

Chakudya cham'mawa. Oatmeal mkaka ndi supuni ya uchi wachilengedwe. Dzira lophika (lowiritsa). Gawo la mkate wathunthu ndi batala. Tiyi wa Rosehip.
Chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri. Phula kapena masamba ophika.
Chakudya chamadzulo Msuzi ndi nyama yankhuku ndi mpunga. Lachiwiri, phala lophwaphidwa ndi chiwindi chophikidwa ndi masamba. Mkate - mosankha, bwino kuchokera ku ufa wamdima. Chicory ndi kutsekemera kwa fructose.
Zakudya. Yikani popanda zowonjezera, zokonzekera bwino kunyumba kapena kapu ya kefir yokhala ndi cracker.
Chakudya chamadzulo Bwerezani msuzi. Herbal kapena tiyi wa rosehip.
Asanagone. Kapu ya kefir kapena gawo la yogurt lachilengedwe.

Lamulo lalikulu ndikugawika kwa zakudya komanso magawo ang'onoang'ono. Monga mukuwonera pamndandanda wachitsanzo, zakudya zomwe zili ndi shuga wambiri sizokhazikika, aliyense, ngakhale munthu wofowoka kwambiri sangathe kupirira.

Ndi kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa shuga, zotsatira zabwino zimapatsa kusintha pang'ono koma kwanthawi zonse pakudya ndi zolimbitsa thupi. Pomaliza, ndikufuna kuonetsa kanema wachidule yemwe amalongosola za kulimbana ndi vuto la shuga komanso boma la odwala matenda ashuga

Nanga bwanji ngati ali ndi matenda ashuga?

Nthawi zambiri timatha kumva mawu awa: shuga wambiri. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Kodi shuga wambiri nthawi zonse amatanthauza matenda ashuga, ndipo kodi matenda ashuga nthawi zonse amakhala okwera shuga? Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amaphatikizana ndi insulin yokwanira kapena kuperewera kwa maselo a thupi. Insulin ndi timadzi tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapangidwa ndi kapamba (islets of Langerhans) ndipo timathandizira pokonza ndi kuphwanya shuga m'magazi.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nthawi zina (panthawi yoyembekezera, pambuyo pa kudwala kwambiri, kupsinjika kwakukulu), shuga ya magazi imatha kuchuluka, koma mkati mwachangu kwambiri kuti mubwerenso pazinthu zina zomwe sizinayime kunja - izi, sizabwino kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuchita matenda ashuga mtsogolomo, koma si shuga.

Ngati mukukhala ndi shuga koyamba, ndiye ichi ndichizindikiro kuti muchepetse kudya kwanu ndikuwonetsetsa momwe zilili kapamba wanu(pangani ultrasound, pereka magazi a pancreatic enzymes - amylase, lipase, transaminases, c-peptide ndi matupi a ketone mumkodzo). Koma sichikhala matenda ashuga. Muyenera kuyamba kutsatira zakudya ndikubweretsanso kukayezetsa pambuyo masiku angapo apezekanso. Matenda a shuga sakayikira ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga akuposa 7.0 m'mayeso awiriwo.

Mulimonsemo, ngakhale kukwera kamodzi kwa shuga m'magazi, muyenera kulumikizana ndi endocrinologist. Mthupi lathu, gawo lalikulu kwambiri la chitetezo cha shuga m'magazi limangokulira pokhapokha atamwalira kwa maselo opitilira 95% a ma mashopu a Langerhans, chifukwa chake, pakapita nthawi kukaonana ndi adotolo, ndizotheka kupewa kapena kuchedwa kwambiri kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Zimachitika kuti munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga, koma nthawi yomweyo shuga m'magazi omwe amaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu umakhala woperewera. Kodi nchiyani chomwe chingapangitse lingaliro la matenda obisika? Choyamba - pakamwa kowuma, kukodza kwambiri, m'mimba kupweteka, kuchepa thupi, kapena mosemphanitsa - kuwonjezeka kowonda.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji matenda amtunduwu? Ndikofunikira kudutsa zomwe zimatchedwa kupsinjika mtima pamene shuga sakhazikitsidwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, komanso pambuyo podya chakudya chamoto chambiri (nthawi zambiri shuga umagwiritsidwa ntchito) - shuga mu sampuli iyi sayenera kupitirira 10 mmol / l.

Kodi nchiyani chomwe chingapangitse kuti matenda ashuga akhale?

Kunenepa kwambiri
Matenda a Pancreatic (Pancreatitis)
Matenda akulu
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mafuta, okazinga komanso osuta

Kupsinjika
Matenda a Endocrine (kusintha kwa thupi, kutenga pakati, kuchotsa mimba)
Mowa wambiri
Pachimake kachilombo matenda kapena kuledzera

Heredity (ngati makolo anu kapena achibale anu ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti mwayi wanu wodwala umachulukana kangapo ngakhale ndi shuga wamagazi oyenera muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwanu kwa shuga)

Chifukwa chiyani matenda ashuga ndi owopsa?

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda omwe amakhudza thupi lonse. Choyamba, khoma lam'mimba ndi nembanemba yama cell amitsempha amawonongeka.

Oyamba kuvutika ndi impso (matenda ashuga nephropathy, mpaka kukula kwa impso), maso (matenda ashuga, mpaka kukula kwa khungu lathunthu), mitsempha yodutsa (matenda ashuga a polyneuropathy, omwe amachititsa kuti akhale ndi vuto lamkati, kusokonekera kwa khungu), kuthamanga kwa magazi mpaka kumapeto komanso kutsika, komwe kumatha kuyambitsa gangore ( kufa kwa minofu) ndi kuduladula chiwalo kapena gawo lina.

Komanso, ndi matenda ashuga, chitetezo cha mthupi chimachepa kwambiri - chimachepa chitetezo chokwanira ndipo munthu amayamba kudwaladwala pafupipafupi, mphamvu yakuchiritsa imachepa ndipo ngakhale kachidutswa kakang'ono kwambiri kamatha kusintha kukhala bala lalikulu.

Ngati mujambula mzere pansi pa zonse pamwambapa, kamvekedwe si chiwalo chimodzi kapena machitidwe amodzi mthupi omwe sangakhudzidwe ndi matenda oopsawa. Kusinthasintha kwa shuga kumakhudzidwa kwambiri - kuyambira wotsika mpaka pamtunda komanso mosiyanasiyana, motero cholinga chachikulu chamankhwala ndikukhazikitsa shuga imodzi yamwazi tsiku lonse.

Magawo owopsa kwambiri a shuga ndi hypoglycemic ndi hyperglycemic comas, shuga wamagazi akafika pamlingo wovuta (wokwanira kapena wocheperako), munthu amasiya kuzindikira ndipo amatha kufa kwakanthawi kochepa ngati shuga ya magazi sinapangidwenso (popereka insulin kapena, mosinthira, shuga). Chizindikiro chooneka cha hyperglycemic coma kapena precomatose kununkhira kwa acetone kuchokera mkamwa.

Kutsimikiza kwa shuga m'magazi, kuzindikira matenda a shuga

Chiwerengero cha odwala matenda a shuga m'mayiko onse chikuchulukirachulukira, ndipo malinga ndi asayansi, kwa nthawi yayitali kuchuluka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga kufalikira: chaka chilichonse kuchuluka kwa odwala matenda ashuga a 2 kumawonjezeka ndi 7 miliyoni omwe akudwala kumene.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika, koma chowopsa sichomwe chimayambitsa matendawa, koma zovuta zake, zomwe zimapangitsa kwambiri moyo ndipo nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa kulumala. Kwa nthawi yayitali, odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga (ndipo gulu ili la odwala limakhala loposa 90% ya odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga) sakudziwa za matenda awo ndipo samachiritsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kupitilira kwa kusintha kwa matenda m'thupi chifukwa cha matenda ashuga. Muzochitika zotere, kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matenda a shuga kumakhala ntchito yofunika kwambiri.

Monga njira yolondola yopezera matenda a shuga, njira yodziwira shuga wamagazi imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njira iyi ndi yosavuta kukhazikitsa, sizitengera kukonzekera kwapadera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma tata a rea. Kusala kudya kwa magazi mwa achikulire ndi ana kumalimbikitsidwa kuyesedwa kamodzi pachaka, ndipo mu achinyamata ndi anthu azaka za 45-50, kusanthula uku ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchitidwa osachepera 2 pachaka.

Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi zizindikilo zokayikitsa zomwe zingakhale zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (ndipo ili ndi ludzu, kukodza pokoka, makamaka usiku, kuyabwa pakhungu, kuchuluka msanga), kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga kumatha kutsimikizira kapena kutsutsa kuzindikirika kwa matenda ashuga. Kupeza kawiri kuchuluka kwa glucose okwera kwambiri pamtunda wa 7.8 mmol / L ndi umboni wokwanira wodwala matenda ashuga.

Magazi a shuga othamanga mwachizolowezi amatengedwa kuti akuchokera 3,4 mpaka 5.6 mmol / L. Momwemo, shuga wambiri akusala kudya ndikupatuka kwazomwe zimachitika ndipo amafunikira kuwunika ena kuti awone chomwe chimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, chifukwa nthawi zambiri pamafunika kusintha kumeneku.

Hyperglycemia (kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi) sikumakhala chifukwa cha matenda ashuga okha. Mwazi wamagazi ukhoza kukhala chizolowezi chakuthupi pambuyo pakupsinjika kwamthupi kapena m'maganizo, kupsinjika, komanso kuvulala. Hyperglycemia imathanso kudwala matenda ena amtundu wa endocrine, monga pheochromocytoma, Cushing's syndrome, thyrotoxicosis, ndi acromegaly. Nthawi zina kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi chizindikiro cha kupweteka kwambiri kwa kapamba, matenda a chiwindi, impso, hyperglycemia amathanso kupezeka mukamalandira mankhwala a glucocorticosteroids, ena okodzetsa, komanso mankhwala okhala ndi estrogen.

Nthawi zina, kuyezetsa magazi kosatha kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, i.e. zotsatira zomwe ndizapamwamba kuposa 5.6 mmol / l koma sizidutsa 7.8 mmol / l (kwa madzi a m'magazi). Kusanthula koteroko kuyenera kuyambitsa kusamala, ndiye chisonyezo cha mayeso opsinjika ndi glucose (mayeso a kulolera glucose). Kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumalimbikitsidwa muzochitika zonse zokayikitsa: pamene kuchuluka kwazowopsa zamagalasi am'magazi kupezeka, makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo, odwala omwe ali ndi kutopa kosakhudzika, phindu lolemera, omwe akudwala atherosulinosis komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Madzulo, kutatsala pang'ono kuyesedwa kwa shuga, kuphika chakudya chamadzulo kumalimbikitsidwa, pomwe nthawi yamadzulo imayenera kuwerengedwa kuti kuyambira chakudya chomaliza kufikira nthawi yoyesa, pafupifupi maola 10 14 amapita. Kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu. Pa kafukufukuyu, magalamu 75 a shuga amasungunuka mu 200 300 ml ya madzi amatengedwa kamodzi. Mulingo wa shuga wamagazi umatsimikiziridwa kawiri: kudya shuga usanachitike komanso maola awiri atatha kuyesedwa.

Zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa zotsatira (njira zodziwira matenda malinga ndi lipoti la Komiti ya Akatswiri a WHO, 1981)

Ndondomeko ya glucose, mmol / L (mg / 100 ml)