Matenda a shuga ana: Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiritso, matenda, chithandizo ndi kupewa

Matenda a shuga mu ana ndi achinyamata, komanso kuwonetsa kwa zizindikiro ndi zizindikiritso zake ndizofunikira masiku athu ano. Matenda a shuga aana ndiofala kwambiri kuposa matenda ena ambiri, koma osati osowa monga momwe amaganizira kale. Kukula kwa matenda sikudalira jenda. Odwala ana azaka zonse, kuyambira mwezi woyamba kubadwa. Koma kuchuluka kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga kumakhala mwa ana azaka 6 mpaka 13. Ofufuza ambiri amakhulupirira kuti matendawa amapezeka nthawi yayitali mwana akamakula.

Kupezeka kwa matendawa kumadziwika kawirikawiri pambuyo pa matenda opatsirana:

• nkhumba
• matenda a chiwindi
• Matenda opatsirana mwa matendawa,
• malungo
• chikuku ndi zina

Syphilis ngati provocateur wamkulu wa matendawa sanatsimikizidwe pakadali pano. Koma kuvulala kwamaganizidwe, onse pachimake komanso kwanthawi yayitali, komanso kuvulala kwam'mutu, makamaka kuvulala kumutu ndi m'mimba, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi ndi mafuta ambiri - zonsezi mwanjira zimathandizira kukulira kwa kupanda ungwiro kwakapangidwe kanyumba yam'mapapo.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ashuga sizosiyana kwambiri ndi pathogenesis yamatenda akuluakulu.

Kukula, komwe kuphatikiza mapuloteni ophatikizika kumachitika, kumalumikizidwa ndi kutengapo gawo kwa insulin komanso kugwiritsa ntchito minofu yambiri. Ndi chida chotsika kwambiri cha kapamba, kufooka kwa ntchito yake kumatha kuchitika, chifukwa cha zomwe matenda a shuga amayamba.

Ofufuzawo akukhulupiriranso kuti mahomoni ena ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya thupi amathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa β-cell ya islet apparatus ndipo, ndikachulukitsa kapangidwe ka timadzi tating'onoting'ono kameneka panthawi ya kukula, kumatha kutsogolera (ndi zida zopanda mphamvu) pakutha kwake.

Akatswiri ena m'munda uno amakhulupirira kuti timadzi tambiri timene timagwira mu ma cell a ma issters, timene timatulutsa Hyperglycemic factor - glucagon, womwe, chifukwa chokwanira kwa ntchito ya β - maselo, amatha kuyambitsa matenda ashuga. Chitsimikizo cha kutenga nawo gawo lochulukirapo kwa mahomoni obwera chifukwa cha matenda a shuga a ana ndikuthamangitsa kukula komanso ngakhale njira zopewera mwa ana kumayambiriro kwa matendawa.

Maphunziro ndi zizindikiro

Kukhazikika kwa matendawa kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zambiri - mwachangu kwambiri, modzidzimutsa, ndikuzindikira kwambiri kwa zizindikiro zambiri. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa ndi:

• ludzu linakula
• kamwa yowuma
• kukodza kwambiri, nthawi zambiri usiku ngakhalenso kwamkodzo kukomoka,
• Pambuyo pake, monga chizindikiro, kuchepa thupi kumachitika ndi zabwino, nthawi zina ngakhale kulakalaka kwambiri,
• kufooka wamba
• mutu
• kutopa.

Mawonekedwe a khungu - kuyabwa ndi ena (pyoderma, furunculosis, eczema) ndi osowa kwambiri mwa ana. Hyperglycemia mwa ana ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu komanso chosalekeza. Glycosuria zimachitika nthawi zonse. Kukula kwenikweni kwa mkodzo sikugwirizana nthawi zonse ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga, motero sikungakhale mayeso owazindikira. Nthawi zambiri palibe kulumikizana kwathunthu pakati pa shuga ndi magazi a glycosuria. Hyperketonemia imayambanso kachiwiri ndikulowerera kwamafuta, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa lipotropic ntchito kapamba.

Zosintha mu ziwalo ndi machitidwe a thupi ndizosiyanasiyana

Rubeosis ndi xanthosis omwe amawona mu akulu ndi osowa kwambiri mwa ana. Mwa odwala omwe sanatengedwe khungu, khungu lowuma komanso mawonekedwe. Ndi kukomoka kwambiri, edema imatha kuwoneka.

Lilime limawoneka lofiira kwambiri, nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi papillae wosalala. Gingivitis nthawi zambiri imawonedwa, ndipo nthawi zina alviolar pyorrhea, yomwe imakhala yolimba kwambiri mwa ana kuposa akuluakulu. Njira yowopsya m'mano imayamba kutukuka.

Mawu akumtima ndi ogontha, nthawi zina kung'ung'udza kwa mapiritsi kumatsimikiziridwa, komwe kumawonetsa ngati kamvekedwe ka misempha. zimachitika ndiling'ono, zofewa, labyrinth. Kupsinjika kwa magazi, konsekonse komanso kochepera, kumakhala kochepetsedwa nthawi zonse. Ndi capillaroscopy, maziko ofiira kwambiri ndikukula kwa bondo lam'mbuyo amawona, electrocardiogram amawonetsa kusintha kwa myocardium.

Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi komanso kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin kumachepetsedwa. Kuchokera kumbali yamagazi oyera, njira yotsatsira leukocyte imadziwika bwino:

• Mwa mitundu yofatsa ya shuga - lymphocytosis, yomwe imachepetsa ndikuwonjezera zovuta za matendawa.
• Woopsa Pre-chikomokere ndi chikomokere - lymphopenia. Neutrophilic kulocha kumanzere ndi kusowa kwa eosinophils.

Acidity ya m'mimba thovu nthawi zambiri amachepetsa. Pali zochitika zapadera. Chiwindi mwa odwala ambiri chimakulitsidwa (makamaka ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a nthawi yayitali.), Amakhala akhungu, nthawi zina amapweteka.

Mu mkodzo, albuminuria ndi cylindruria sichitchulidwa. Mu nthawi yayitali komanso yayitali, kuchuluka kwa ma cylinders ndi mapuloteni kuwonjezeka, maselo ofiira a magazi amatha kuwoneka. Nthawi zina, kuthekera kwa impso kumasokonekera.

Kale kumayambiriro kwa matendawa kuonekera:

• mutu
• chizungulire
• kusakhazikika
• kutengeka mtima
• kutopa,
• ulesi, kufooka,
• kusokonezeka kwa kukumbukira.

Kusokonezeka kochokera ku mantha am'mapazi kumawonetsedwa ndi kupweteka m'miyendo, kusokonezeka kwa khungu komanso kufooka kapena kuzimiririka kwa tendon Reflex.

Zowongolera masomphenya

Mbali ya ophthalmology mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, zovuta zapakhomo ndizofala kwambiri kuposa zachikulire. Sinthani mukutanthauzira kwanu ku hyperopia ndi kwa mnopia, ndipo muzovuta, kukhudzana kwa ma eyeb.

Nthawi zina pali matenda a shuga a retinopathy komanso amphaka, omwe amakonda kusasitsa msanga. Matenda a shuga a retinitis, kupunduka kwa minyewa m'maso mwa ana ndikosowa kwambiri.

Mitundu ya matenda

Matenda a shuga kwa ana samasiyana ndi munthu wamkulu, amagawidwa m'mitundu itatu:

Koma mawonekedwe ofatsa mwa ana ndi osowa kwambiri. Mitundu yapakati komanso yowopsa imapezeka kawiri kawiri, ndipo chomaliza, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi sichachilendo, makamaka kuwonongeka kwake kwamafuta. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kutayika kwa insulin kokha, komanso lipocaine. Ndiponso, kubereka kwambiri kwa mahomoni okula, omwe ali ndi ntchito ya adipokinetic ndipo amachititsa kuti chiwindi chikhale ndi mafuta ambiri.

Cystic fibrosis (cystic fibrosis) mwa ana

Matenda a shuga mu ana chifukwa cha cystic fibrosis makamaka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin. Koma kukana kwachiwiri kwa insulin chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a pharmacological (bronchodilators ndi glucocorticoids) kungathandizire kukulitsa kulekerera kwa shuga ndi shuga.

Matenda a shuga chifukwa cha cystic fibrosis amayamba kupezeka matendawo pambuyo pake matendawa, nthawi zambiri akamakula komanso kutha msinkhu. Ngati pali cirrhosis, izi zimapangitsa kuti insulin ikane. Kukula kwa matenda ashuga chifukwa cha cystic fibrosis ndi chizindikiro chosaoneka bwino ndipo kumalumikizidwa ndi kulumala ndi kufa. Matenda a shuga opatsirana bwino amalumikizana ndi mayankho a mthupi kumatenda ndipo amathandizira catabolism.

Kuyesa kuyeserera kumayesedwa mwachangu kwa ana onse omwe ali ndi cystic fibrosis (cystic fibrosis) years wazaka 14 zakubadwa mayeso okhudzana ndi glucose chaka chilichonse kwa ana opitilira zaka 10, koma miyeso yachikhalidwe monga kusala glucose, PGTT, ndi HbA1c mwina singakhale njira yofunikira yopezera matenda a shuga kwa anthu omwe ali ndi cystic fibrosis.

Poyamba, mankhwala a insulin amafunikira pokhapokha ngati munthu akupuma, komanso pachimake kapena matenda opatsirana, koma pakapita nthawi, mankhwala a insulini amakhala ofunikira nthawi zonse. Mlingo woyambirira wa insulin nthawi zambiri umakhala wochepa (wowonjezera kuposa kuchotsera kwathunthu mankhwala a insulin). Mwa odwala ena, chithandizo cha insulin choyambirira isanayambike zizindikiro za hyperglycemia kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino za metabolic zomwe zimapangitsa kukula, kulemera kwa thupi ndi ntchito yam'mapapo.

Matenda a shuga kwa ana

Nthawi zambiri, ana amapezeka ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a preentabetes (prediabetes), omwe nthawi zambiri amatha kuyendera limodzi - kunenepa kwambiri kapena matenda opatsirana:

• malungo
• kamwazi
• matenda a chiwindi opatsirana, etc.

Odwala nthawi zambiri samawonetsa madandaulo. Kusala shuga lamwazi nthawi zina kumakhala kwabwinobwino, mulibe shuga mkodzo, nthawi zina pamakhala kuchepa kwa hyperglycemia ndi glycosuria. Koma, monga lamulo, ndizovuta kuzindikira ndi mayeso amodzi.

Ndikotheka kudziwa shuga wam'mbuyo mwa mwana pokhapokha powerengera momwe amapangira shuga pambuyo poti athetse shuga (kwa ana azaka zakubadwa, kuchuluka kwa shuga g ndikokwanira). Kukwera kwakukulu ndi kuchedwa kwakanthawi kwa magawo ambiri komanso kutsika pang'onopang'ono, pambuyo maola atatu osafikira kuchuluka kwa shuga, ndiwofanana ndi matenda ashuga akale.

Kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga am'mimba ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti azitha kulandira chithandizo poyambira chitukuko komanso kupewa matenda ashuga kuti asalalikire.

Imakhala yovuta kwambiri kuposa wamkulu, imakonda kuchita zambiri. Ndi kutha msinkhu, njirayi imasintha, mwina chifukwa cha kufooka (ndi kuyamba kwa kukhazikika kwa ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe) a kuchuluka kwambiri kwa mahomoni m'thupi.

Mavuto

Kuzindikirika kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko ndikuwathandizira odwala matenda ashuga mu 90% ya milandu sikuti kumabweretsa zovuta. Ndi mankhwala osayenera, chithunzi cham'chipatala chimakulirakulira, ndipo zovuta zingapo zimayamba:

• kukula, momwe shuga yoyambirira idatchulira zaka,
• kukulira,
• polyneuritis
• mphira
• kuwonongeka kwaimpso,
• matenda a chiwindi.

Muubwana ndi unyamata wokhala ndi matenda ashuga komanso kudziwikiratu ku chifuwa chachikulu, kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane mkhalidwe wamapapu kumafunika. Chifukwa chakupezeka koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga komanso chithandizo choyenera, chifuwa chachikulu sichikhala chofala posachedwapa.

Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga mwa ana

Kuzindikira kwa matenda ashuga mwa ana nthawi zambiri sikuchedwa kwambiri.

• ludzu
• kamwa yowuma
• kukodza pafupipafupi
• kuwonda
• kufooka nthawi zina kumawonedwa ngati nkhondo ya helminthic kapena ngati matenda ena.

Kusiyanitsa mitundu

Ndi matenda a shuga a impso, komanso shuga, mkodzo umathiridwa, koma nthawi zambiri wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a impso samawonetsa madandaulo, shuga wamagazi, monga lamulo, ndizabwinobwino, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale kuchepetsedwa pang'ono. Mphepo ya glycemic siyisintha. Shuga mumkodzo amamuchotsera pakachulukirapo ndipo sizitengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri chomwe umalandira ndi chakudya. Matenda a shuga a achinyamata safuna kuti alandire chithandizo chamankhwala. Kuyang'anira wodwalayo pafupipafupi, monga ena amakhulupirira kuti matenda a shuga a impso ndi chiyambi cha matenda ashuga, kapena mawonekedwe ake apakatikati.

Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu za matenda a shuga insipidus sizosiyana ndi shuga, ndi ludzu lochulukirapo, kamwa yowuma, kukoka pafupipafupi, kuwonda. Mwazi wamagazi ndi cheza cha glycemic mu shuga insipidus siosakhulupirika.

The matendawa mwachindunji zimatengera nthawi yodziwira. Chifukwa cha kufufuza komwe kunachitidwa kale komanso chithandizo chanthawi zonse chomwe amayang'aniridwa ndi achipatala, ana amatha kukhala ndi moyo wosiyana ndi ana athanzi ndikuphunzira bwino kusukulu.

Ndi acidotic yowopsa, komanso ndi mitundu yovuta, matendawo sawoneka bwino. Chidziwitso chovuta kwambiri m'mabanja omwe mwana samalandira chidwi chokwanira mothandizidwa ndi regimen, zakudya zoyenera komanso zopatsa thanzi, komanso kuyang'anira insulin. Ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amakonda kwambiri matenda osiyanasiyana kuposa ana athanzi. Matenda amatha kukhala owopsa komanso opha kumene.

Kuchotsa kapena gawo la “kokasangalala” mu mtundu woyamba wa shuga

Pafupifupi 80% ya ana ndi achinyamata, kufunika kwa insulini kumachepetsedwa kwakanthawi atayamba insulin. Mpaka posachedwa, kutsimikiza kwa gawo la chikhululukiro pang'ono sikunafotokozedwe; tsopano ndizovomerezeka kuziwona gawo lachiwonetsero chamankhwala pomwe wodwala amafunikira kuchepera kwa magawo 0,5 a insulin pa kilogalamu ya thupi patsiku pamlingo wa glycated hemoglobin.

Odwala amafunikira zakudya zolimbitsa thupi komanso insulin. Wodwala aliyense amafunikira njira yokhayo popereka mankhwala, kutengera mtundu womwe iye akuyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala, komanso msinkhu. Ndi shuga wam'mbuyomu, zakudya zokhazokha zokhala ndi kuchuluka koyenera kwa mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya ndi mankhwala.

Osati matenda achilendo a ana mu mawonekedwe ofatsa, zakudya zolimbitsa thupi zimapangidwanso. Momwe ma hyperglycemia ndi glycosuria amatha kukhalapo, osapitilira 5-10% ya shuga phindu la chakudya (zakudya zomanga thupi 1 1 mapuloteni). Pankhaniyi, payenera kukhala thanzi labwino, kusungidwa kwathunthu kogwira ntchito, kulemera koyenera.

Zakudya insulin

Odwala ambiri amakakamizidwa kulandira insulin limodzi ndi zakudya zakuthupi. Insulin imayendetsedwa mosadukiza, kutengera lingaliro loti gawo limodzi limalimbikitsa mayamwidwe a 5 g a chakudya. Nthawi zina, makalata awa amawonongeka chifukwa chochita insulin mthupi. Insulin iyenera kuperekedwa mu kuchuluka komwe kumapereka pafupifupi chakudya chokwanira cha chakudya. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusiya glycosuria tsiku ndi tsiku mpaka 20 g shuga, glycosuria iyi si yoyipa ndipo nthawi yomweyo imachenjeza wodwala ku hypoglycemia. Kuchepetsa hyperglycemia kukhala manambala sayenera kutero.

Kugawa chakudya tsiku lonse kuyenera kuchitika poganizira za insulin yomwe yalandiridwa. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa insulin komanso kugawa kwake molondola masana, mbiri ya glycosuric ya tsiku ndi tsiku iyenera kuchitika (glycosuria gawo lililonse la maola atatu a mkodzo ndi glycosuria tsiku lililonse limatsimikizika).

Ndikofunika kuti mupeze insulin yambiri musanadye chakudya cham'mawa komanso chamasana, kupewa jakisoni wamadzulo kapena kupanga yaying'ono. Chakudya chimagawika m'magulu asanu: chakudya cham'mawa, malonjezo ndi chakudya chamadzulo, komanso chakudya chowonjezera maola atatu atayambitsidwa insulin, chakudya chachiwiri cham'mawa komanso chakudya chamadzulo. Chakudya chopatsa thanzi choterechi chimapatsanso chakudya china ndipo chimalepheretsa hypoglycemia.

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha kusamvana pakati pa kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe imabayidwa ndi chakudya chomwe amalandila ndi chakudya, nthawi zina zimachitika pambuyo pogwira ntchito zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri. Kukula mwachangu:

• kufooka kumawonekera
• kugwirana chanza
• kumva kutentha ndi kuzizira
• mokulira - kuchuluka kwa khungu,
• khunyu,
• Kutaya kwathunthu chikumbumtima - hypoglycemic chikomokere.

Mu magawo oyamba a wodwalayo, mutha kuchotsa mosavuta ku boma la hypoglycemia, ndikumupatsa zovuta zam'mimba: tiyi wokoma, mkate, kupanikizana. Pofuna kutaya chikumbumtima, glucose imathandizidwa kudzera mu 40% yankho la 20-40 ml, kutengera kuuma kwa hypoglycemia. Ngati shuga sangathe kutumikiridwa, mwachitsanzo, pakukomoka, 0,5 ml ya 1: 1000 adrenaline solution itha kuperekedwa (monga njira yomaliza!).

Odwala nthawi zambiri amakhala akuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala mu vuto la kuchepa kwa hyperglycemic, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chamankhwala osayenera, zovuta za kudya, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osokoneza bongo, kusokonezeka kwa kayendetsedwe ka insulin. Coma imachitika pang'onopang'ono, mokoma mtima, odwala amadandaula:

• kufooka
• kupweteka kwa tini
• kugona
• kulakalaka kumachuluka
• nseru ndi kusanza zikuwonekera.

Kukhazikika kwa ana nthawi zina kumayendetsedwa ndi ululu wam'mimba.
Wodwala akayamba kuchuluka:

• amataya chikumbumtima
• Kununkhira kwa ma acetone kuchokera mkamwa,
• shuga wamagazi ndi matupi a ketone achulukitsa kwambiri,
• glycosuria amachulukana
• zimachitika ndi acetone mu mkodzo ndi zabwino,
• minofu kamvekedwe ndi matani amaso amachepa,
• kupuma kumachitika pafupipafupi komanso kwaphokoso.

Zikatero, ndikofunikira kuyamba kukonzekera kulowetsedwa kwa insulini mosachepera theka lililonse la ola, poganizira momwe wodwalayo alili ndi kuchuluka kwa insulini yomwe idapezedwa kale. Imodzi ndi kuyambitsa insulini, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu ambiri monga compote wokoma, tiyi, msuzi, ngati wodwalayo amatha kumwa. Asakomoka, shuga amathandizira kudzera mu yankho (40% yankho) komanso mosavomerezeka (5% yankho). A zabwino kwambiri amaperekedwa ndi mtsempha wa magazi makonzedwe a 10% yankho la sodium kolorayidi. Wodwala amayenera kutenthetsedwa. Malinga ndi zomwe zikuwonetsa, madontho a mtima ndi omwe adayikidwa.

Matenda akulu a shuga

Woopsa acidotic mitundu ya shuga ndi mafuta chiwindi, chakudya chambiri chakudya chopatsa mafuta, kuphatikizidwa kwa insulin ndikofunikira. Chakudya chizikhala ndi mavitamini ambiri. Insulin yozizira pang'onopang'ono imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana okalamba omwe alibe acidosis komanso chizolowezi cha pafupipafupi cha hypoglycemia.

Makonda ndi sukulu

Mitundu yonse yofananira ndiyofanana ndi ana athanzi. Zochita zamasewera ziyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi dokotala.

Ntchito yakusukulu siyoponderezedwa. Kutengera ndi matendawa, nthawi zina tsiku lowonjezera likufunika. Tchuthi chadzikoli chothandiza monga kubwezeretsa.

Chithandizo cha zovuta ndi matenda ophatikizika zimachitika mwachizolowezi. Poyerekeza ndi momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira pakudya ndi insulin, palibe zotsutsana ndi njira zamankhwala zochitira opaleshoni. Njira zolimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira: chakudya choyenera popanda kudya kwambiri. Ndi chibadwa champhamvu komanso kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga m'mabanja angapo am'banja, ndikofunikira kuti ana oterowo amayang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. (kupenda mwatsatanetsatane magazi ndi mkodzo wa shuga).

Chofunika kwambiri ndikupewa zovuta za matenda ashuga. Makolo a ana omwe ali ndi vutoli ayenera kudziwa bwino nkhani zazikulu zokhudzana ndi chithandizo cha matenda ashuga, zakudya, insulin, ndi zina. Ana onse omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, ndikofunika kuti azikayikidwa kuchipatala chaka chilichonse, kuti adziwe zoyenera kuchita. Ndi kuwonongeka kosalekeza, wodwala amayenera kugonekedwa kuchipatala.

Mafunso okambirana ndi ogwira ntchito kusukulu

Kukhudzana Kwadzidzidzi

• Kodi ndingapite ndani ngati ndikuvutika kwambiri?
• Nambala yafoni ya wachibale wina ngati sangathe kukufikirani.

Hypoglycemia kanthu algorithm

• Kodi ndimayeso ati omwe ndiyenera kuyang'ana ndi zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika ndi zizindikirozi?
• Kodi zida zamwadzidzidzi za hypoglycemia zimawoneka bwanji komanso kuti?
• Kodi sukuluyo ili ndi ofesi yachipatala? Nthawi yantchito yake? Kodi pali glucagon mu ofesi (mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi azachipatala pochiza hypoglycemia)?
• Kodi mphunzitsi amatha kulowa mu ofesi panthawi yomwe sagwira ntchito ndipo amatha kudzipereka yekha kwa mwana ngati kuli koyenera?

Zakudya ndi zokhwasula-khwasula

• Ngati mwana akuyenera kudya panthawi yokhazikika yokhazikika, izi zitha bwanji kulingaliridwa polemba ndandanda?
• Kodi ana amabwera ndi zakudya zawo kunyumba kapena nkudya kumalo odyera amasukulu?
• Kodi mwana amafunikira thandizo la akulu pakuwerengera magawo a chakudya chamagulu?
• Kodi mwana amafunikira chakudya chamagulu musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi?

Mwazi wamagazi

• Kodi mwana angafunike liti kuyeza shuga? Kodi amafunika thandizo?
• Kodi mwana amatha kutanthauzira zotsatira zake kapena akufunika thandizo la achikulire?

Zochita za hyperglycemia

• Zoyenera kuchita ndi shuga wambiri? (Jakisoni wa insulin!)
• Kodi mwana wanu amafunika kubaya insulini ali pasukulu? Kodi akufunika thandizo la wamkulu?
• Ngati mwana amagwiritsa ntchito insulin, kodi angathe kuyigwiritsa ntchito yake?
• Kodi ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito firiji kusunga insulini ngati pangafunike (mwachitsanzo, nyengo yotentha)?
• Kodi pali chipinda china komwe mungayikemo insulini? Muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mwana wanu ali ndi zonse zofunikira kuti agwirizane ndi dongosolo la mankhwala patsiku la sukulu. Muyenera kuyang'ana insulin yanu nthawi zonse ndikubwezeretsanso zinthu ngati pakufunika kutero.

Momwe shuga ya achinyamata imakhudzira abale ake

Matenda a shuga samakhudza mwana yekhayo, koma banja lonse. Monga kholo, mutha kuyamba kukhala ndi nthawi yochulukirapo ndi mwana wanu, chifukwa pali zinthu zambiri zomwe muyenera kukambirana, makamaka kumayambiriro kwa matendawo. Mwana wanu angamave kusungulumwa, osati ngati wina aliyense, atakhumudwitsidwa kapena kusazindikira za tsogolo lake, ndipomveka kuti adzakhala pakati pa chisamaliro chowonjezereka komanso chisamaliro. Ngati muli ndi ana angapo, ndiye kuti kusamvana kumeneku kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto ena mbanja. Ndikofunikira kugawa nthawi yanu moyenera kuti muchepetse vuto la matenda osokoneza bongo kwa mwana wanu pamaubwenzi anu ndi ena apabanja, komanso pa ubale wa abale ndi alongo wina ndi mnzake.

Mkangano pakati pa ana

Sizovuta nthawi zonse kukwaniritsa bwino pakati pa ana, chifukwa, monga lamulo, mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amafunika chisamaliro chowonjezera komanso chisamaliro. Khalani ndi chidwi ndi malingaliro a ana anu onse. Ana ena amadzimva kukhala osiyidwa, osafunika, kapena kuyiwalika. Ena amawopa zamtsogolo za m'bale wawo kapena mlongo wawo ndipo ali ndi nkhawa kuti nawonso angadwale matenda a shuga. Mwina akhoza kudzimva kuti ali ndi mlandu chifukwa alibe matenda ashuga, kapena kudziimba mlandu kuti amapereka maswiti kwa abale kapena alongo m'mbuyomu.

Kukhala ndi chikondi champhamvu cha makolo ndi awo omwe ali pafupi ndi mwana wodwala kumatha kuchititsa kaduka ana ena. Kodi akuona kuti sakulandila chidwi ngati kale? Ana ena amathanso kumvetsera kwambiri m'bale kapena mlongo amene ali ndi matenda ashuga. Mwana wodwala amatha kukhala wotopa kapena angaganize kuti akumuyang'ana pafupipafupi.

Ana ena, mwina, amatha kuchita nsanje chifukwa mwana wodwala amalandila zochulukirapo kapena kuchotsedwa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuphatikizira abale ndi alongo pokambirana momasuka pamutu wokhudza matenda ashuga ndikukambirana izi ndi banja lonse. Fotokozerani ana anu onse za matenda ashuga ndi momwe zimawakhudzira tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kutumiza chidziwitso kwa mwana aliyense payekhapayekha, kutengera msinkhu wake komanso msinkhu wake. Yesani kupangitsa kuti achibale ena azisamalira mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.