Glucose ndiyofunikira m'thupi m'njira zosiyanasiyana zama metabolic.

Chifukwa chakukhudzidwa kwathunthu ndi thupi ndikusintha kwake kukhala glucose-6-phosphate, njira yothetsera shuga imalipira pang'ono kuchepa kwa madzi. Pankhaniyi, 5% dextrose yankho ndi isotonic to plasma, and 10%, 20% ndi 40% (hypertonic) mayankho amathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa osmotic kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kuwonjezeka kwa mkodzo.

Glucose Analogs

Mafuta amtundu wa glucose omwe amagwira ntchito ndi mankhwala Glucosteril ndi Dextrose monga njira yothetsera kulowetsedwa.

Malinga ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso omwe ali mgulu limodzi la mankhwala, Glucose analogues imaphatikizapo Aminokrovin, Aminotrof, Aminoven, Aminodez, Aminosol-Neo, Hydramin, Dipeptiven, Infuzamine, Infuzolipol, Intralipid, Nefrotekt, Nutriflex, Oliklinom.

Zizindikiro zogwiritsa ntchito shuga

Glucose solution, mogwirizana ndi malangizo, malangizo:

Potengera zakuperewera kwa chakudya chamafuta,
Poyerekeza ndi kuledzera kwakukulu,
Mankhwalawa hypoglycemia,
Poyerekeza ndi zakumwa za matenda a chiwindi - hepatitis, dystrophy ndi atrophy ya chiwindi, kuphatikizapo chiwindi.
Ndi toxicoinawon,
Ndi kutayika kwa madzi am'magazi osiyanasiyana - kutsegula m'mimba ndi kusanza, komanso nthawi yothandizira
Ndi hemorrhagic diathesis,
Ndi kugwa ndi kugwedezeka.

Zizindikirozi ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga agwiritsidwe ntchito panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati.

Kuphatikiza apo, yankho la Glucose limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la zinthu zosiyanasiyana zothana ndi mankhwalawa komanso kuthana ndi magazi, komanso pokonzekera njira zothetsera mankhwalawa pakukonzekera mtsempha wa magazi.

Contraindication

Glucose mumtundu uliwonse wa mankhwala utulutsidwa mu:

Hyperglycemia,
Hyperosmolar chikomokere,
Hypersensitivity
Hyperhydration,
Hyperlactacidemia,
Zovuta zam'magazi zomwe zimawopseza pulmonary edema,
Mavuto Osiyanasiyana a Postoperative Glucose
Pachimake kumanzere kwamitsempha,
Kutupa kwa ubongo ndi mapapu.

Mu ana, njira ya glucose yoposa 20-25% sigwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mochenjera, motsogozedwa ndi misempha ya shuga, mankhwalawa amalembedwa motsutsana ndi maziko a mtima wosakhazikika, kuchepa kwa mtima ndi matenda a shuga.

Glucose yankho nthawi ya pakati imagwiritsidwa ntchito moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala kuchipatala.

Gosing ya glucose ndi mlingo

Glucose ya akuluakulu imathandizidwa kudzera m'mitsempha:

Glucose solution 5% - mpaka malita 2 patsiku pamlingo wa 7 ml pa mphindi,
10% - mpaka lita imodzi ndi liwiro la 3 ml pamphindi,
20% - 500 ml pamlingo wa 2 ml pa mphindi,
40% - 250 ml pamlingo wa 1.5 ml pa mphindi.

Malinga ndi malangizo, shuga wa 5% ndi 10% amathanso kutumikiridwa kudzera m'mitsempha.

Kuchulukitsa kuyamwa kwa milingo yayikulu yogwira ntchito (dextrose), tikulimbikitsidwa kupatsa insulin nayo. Potengera momwe matenda a shuga akuperewera, njira yothetsera vutoli iyenera kuperekedwa ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga mumkodzo ndi magazi.

Pa zakudya zamabereki, ana, kuphatikiza ndi amino acid ndi mafuta, amapatsidwa shuga wa 5% ndi 10% patsiku loyamba pamlingo wa 6 g wa dextrose pa 1 kg ya thupi patsiku. Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa madzi a jakisoni yovomerezeka ayenera kuwongoleredwa:

Kwa ana olemera 2-10 makilogalamu - 100-160 ml pa 1 kg,
Ndi kulemera kwa 10-40 makilogalamu - 50-100 ml pa 1 kg.

Pa chithandizo, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Zotsatira zoyipa za glucose

Monga lamulo, yankho la shuga nthawi zambiri silibweretsa mavuto. Komabe, mosiyana ndi momwe matenda ena amakhalira, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kungapangitse kusowa kwamphamvu kwamanzere kwamitsempha yamagazi ndi hypervolemia.

Nthawi zina, mukamagwiritsa ntchito yankho, zimachitika mderalo zimachitika jakisoni m'njira ya thrombophlebitis komanso kukula kwa matenda.

Ndi bongo wa Glucose, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingachitike:

Kuphwanya mulingo wamagetsi wamadzi,
Glucosuria
Hyperglycemia,
Kutulutsa magazi
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar chikomokere,
Liponeogenesis yolimbikitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa CO2.

Ndi kukula kwa zizindikiro zoterezi, pakhoza kuchuluka kwambiri pakupuma kwaminiti ndi mafuta a chiwindi, zomwe zimafuna kuchotsedwa kwa mankhwalawa ndikuyambitsa insulin.

Mlingo

Jekeseni 40%, 10 ml ndi 20 ml

1 ml yankho lili

ntchito: shuga monohydrate 0,4 g molingana ndi shuga wa m'magazi

zokopa: 0,1 M hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, madzi a jakisoni

Transparent, colorless kapena pang'ono chikasu madzi

Mankhwala

Pharmacokinetics

Pambuyo pokonzekera mtsempha wamagazi, shuga ndi magazi amatuluka kulowa ziwalo ndi minyewa, pomwe amaphatikizidwa ndi njira ya metabolic. Glucose amasungira m'maselo amisempha yambiri mwanjira ya glycogen. Kulowa mu glycolysis, glucose imapangidwira kuti pyruvate kapena lactate, pansi pa machitidwe aerobic, pyruvate imapukusidwa kwathunthu kwa mpweya ndi madzi ndikupanga mphamvu mu mawonekedwe a ATP. Zomaliza zomaliza zowonjezera za okosijeni am'mimba zimabisidwa ndi mapapu ndi impso.

Mankhwala

Glucose imapereka gawo logwiritsanso ntchito mphamvu. Ndi kuyambitsa kwa hypertonic njira mu mtsempha, intravascular osmotic kuthamanga, magazi madzimadzi kuchokera zimakhala kuti magazi ukuwonjezeka, kagayidwe kachakudya zimathandizira, chiwindi antitoxic ntchito bwino, contractile ntchito ya mtima minofu ukuwonjezeka, diuresis ukuwonjezeka. Ndi kuyambitsa kwa hypertonic glucose solution, njira za redox zimatheka, ndipo kuyika kwa glycogen mu chiwindi kumayendetsedwa.

Zochita zamankhwala osokoneza bongo

Glucose 40% yothetsera sayenera kuperekedwa mu syringe yomweyo ndi hexamethylenetetramine, popeza glucose ndi othandizira oxidizing. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kusakaniza mayankho a alkaline mu syringe yomweyo: ndi mankhwala ochita kupanga ndi ma hypnotics, chifukwa ntchito zawo zimachepa, mayankho a alkaloids, inactivates streptomycin, amachepetsa mphamvu ya nystatin.

Mothandizidwa ndi thiazide diuretics ndi furosemide, kulolerana kwa shuga kumachepa. Insulin imalimbikitsa kukhathamiritsa kwa glucose mu zotumphukira zimakhala, imalimbikitsa mapangidwe a glycogen, kapangidwe ka mapuloteni ndi mafuta acids. Njira yothetsera shuga imachepetsa poizoni wa pyrazinamide pachiwindi. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira yayikulu yothetsera shuga kumapangitsa kukula kwa hypokalemia, komwe kumawonjezera kuwopsa kwa munthawi yomweyo kukonzekera kwa digitis.

Malangizo apadera

Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito motsogozedwa ndi shuga komanso magazi pamagetsi a electrolyte.

Mankhwala sayenera kuperekedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi zinthu zamagazi.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kupereka yankho la glucose munthawi yovulala kwambiri muubongo, ngati mankhwala atha kukhala opweteka kwambiri, chifukwa mankhwalawa amatha kuwononga mawonekedwe amtundu wa ubongo ndikuwonjezera nthawi ya matendawa (kupatula pokhazikitsa malangizo a hypoglycemia).

Ndi hypokalemia, kukhazikitsidwa kwa glucose solution kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi kukonza kwa potaziyamu (chifukwa cha kuwopsa kwa hypokalemia).

Kuti mupeze shuga wambiri m'magazi a proteinoglycemic, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza mankhwala ndi mankhwalawa (subcutaneous) osakhalitsa a insulin pamlingo wa 1 unit pa 4-5 g ya shuga (nkhani youma).

Osagwiritsa ntchito yankho pang'onopang'ono komanso kudzera m'mitsempha.

Zomwe zili pamapulogalamuwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wodwala m'modzi, ataphwanya kulimba kwa mawonekedwe, njira yosagwiritsika ntchito iyenera kutayidwa.

Ndi kulephera aimpso, mtima kuwonda, hyponatremia chisamaliro chapadera chikufunika, kuwunika ma hemodynamics apakati.

Gwiritsani ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera

Kuchepetsa kwa glucose kwa amayi apakati omwe ali ndi Normoglycemia kungayambitse fetal hyperglycemia ndikupangitsa metabolic acidosis. Izi ndizofunikira kuziganizira, makamaka ngati mavuto obwera chifukwa cha fetal kapena hypoxia ali kale chifukwa cha zovuta zina.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kwa Ana

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ana pokhapokha akuwunikira komanso moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.

Zambiri za momwe mankhwalawo amatha kuyendetsa magalimoto kapena njira zowopsa

Bongo

Zizindikiro: hyperglycemia, glucosuria, kuchuluka kwa magazi osmotic (mpaka kukula kwa hyperglycemic chikomokere), kuchepa kwa magazi ndi kusakhazikika kwa electrolyte.

Chithandizo: mankhwalawa amathetsedwa ndipo insulin imayikidwa pa muyeso wa 1 unit iliyonse ya 0,45-0.9 mmol ya glucose wamagazi mpaka mulingo wamagazi a 9 mmol / l ufike. Mafuta a m'magazi amayenera kutsitsidwa pang'onopang'ono. Imodzi ndi kuikidwa kwa insulin, kulowetsedwa kwa njira zowonjezera mchere kumachitika.

Ngati ndi kotheka, chithandizo cha mankhwala ndi mankhwala.

Tulutsani mawonekedwe ndi ma CD

10 ml kapena 20 ml mu galasi ampoules yokhala ndi mphete yopumira kapena yopumira. Ma ampoules a 5 kapena 10 limodzi ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito zachipatala m'boma komanso zilankhulo zaku Russia zimayikidwa mu paketi yokhala ndi makatoni okhala.

Kapena ma ampoules asanu amayikidwa ndikuyika pulasitiki yolumikizira kuchokera filimu ya polima. Kwa 1 kapena 2 chida cholumikizira ma CD ndi ma ampoules, pamodzi ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito kuchipatala ndi zilankhulo zaku Russia, ikani paketi.

Wogwirizira Sitifiketi Yoyang'anira

Public Joint-Stock Company Farmak, Ukraine

Adilesi ya bungwewolowetsaniRepublic of Kazakhstanzonena kuchokera kwa ogula pamsika wazogulitsa (katundu)

Republic of Kazakhstan, 050009 Almaty, ul. Abay 157, office 5

Kupanga ndi mawonekedwe a kumasulidwa

Mamilioni zana a yankho la 40% ya jakisoni ali ndi magalamu makumi anayi a shuga. Mamilioni zana a yankho la 5% ili ndi ma milligram asanu pazinthu zomwe zikugwira. Mankhwala amapangidwa mwanjira ya 40% yankho la kulowetsedwa m'mabotolo agalasi okhala ndi 100, 200, 250, 400 ndi 500 ml. Amadzaza m'makatoni, pamakhala malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa. Komanso, malonda amapezeka m'matumba apulasitiki.

40% ya mankhwalawa imapezeka m'mililita khumi ndi makumi awiri a mamilion, omwe amadzaza pabokosi. Bokosi lirilonse limakhala ndi ma ampoules khumi oyendetsera mkati. Palinso malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito njira ya glucose mu ampoules

Njira yothetsera glucose imapangitsa kuti mafuta azakudya zam'mimba azitha kupezeka mosavuta. Mankhwalawa amatha kuphimba gawo lamphamvu zamagetsi ndikusintha machitidwe a redox mthupi. Chithandizo chogwira ntchito cha mankhwalawa sichimakhudzidwa ndi impso ndipo chimatenga thupi lonse. Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwerenge mawu ake ndipo mufunsire akatswiri.

Zizindikiro ndi contraindication

Zofotokozerazo zikuwonetsa cholinga chachikulu komanso zoletsa kumwa mankhwalawo. Chizindikiro chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito yankho ndi hypoglycemia. Contraindication imaphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:

Hypersensitivity yogwira pophika,
zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi kusowa kwamadzi kwambiri,
anuria
pulmonary ndi ubongo edema,
pachimake kumanzere kwamitsempha,
subarachnoid and intracranial hemorrhage mu mzere,
matenda ashuga
hyperosmolar chikomokere,
hyperlactacidemia,
glucose-galactose malabsorption.

Ndi hyponatremia, mtima wosakhazikika, komanso kulephera kwa aimpso, mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.

Analogi a njira

Mankhwala ali ndi othandizira. Mnzake wotchuka kwambiri ndi Glucosteril. Mankhwalawa amathandizidwa kuti azikhala ndi zakudya zochepa komanso kuthanso magazi.

The yogwira thunthu la Glucosteril timapitiriza antitoxic ntchito chiwindi ndi bwino njira ya kuchira ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni. Kuchiza kumathandizira kudzaza kuchepa kwa madzi. Kulowera mu minofu, gawo lolimba limapangidwa phosphorylated ndikusinthidwa kukhala glucose-6-phosphate. Pakukonza kagayidwe kazinthu, mphamvu zochuluka zimapangidwa, zomwe zimafunika kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino. Hypertonic solution imafinya mitsempha, imawonjezera diuresis ndi myocardial contractility, imawonjezera magazi osmotic.

Kuti muchotse mwachangu komanso kwathunthu ntchito yogwira, 1 UNIT ya insulin pa 4 ml ya mankhwalawa. Akaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiziona kuyenderana. Pa zakudya zama kholo muubwana, m'masiku oyamba a mankhwalawa, 6 ml ya mankhwala pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi iyenera kuperekedwa. Poyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati anuria ndi oliguria.

Kudzisintha kwekha kwa shuga ndi mankhwala ena ndizoletsedwa. Kufunsira kwa adotolo amafunikira.

Ndemanga za Odwala

Chida chofunikira kwambiri kwa ine ndi glucose mu ampoules. Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito ali ndi chidziwitso chonse chokhudza zotsatira za mankhwalawa. Mutha kugula mu ma ampoules ndi mabotolo agalasi amadzimadzi. Zimathandizira kwambiri kukhalabe wathanzi la thupi pambuyo pantchito. Mankhwala ndi ofunikira, amathandizidwa kuti azikhala ndi nkhawa, kuchepa kwambiri kwa magazi ndi matenda a matenda.

Mu acetone syndrome, mwana adayankhidwa kuti asotonic glucose solution ya 5%. Malangizowo akuwonetsa ma contraindication apamwamba ndi mawonekedwe a kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwalawo, komanso zovuta zoyipa. Kwenikweni patsiku lachiwiri la chithandizo, zotsatira zabwino zidadziwika. Pofuna kupewa kuyambika kwa thupi lanu, ndikukulangizani kuti mupereke mankhwalawa moyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri. Njira yothetsera vutoli idagulidwa mu mankhwala popanda mankhwala.

Njira ya shuga 5% ndi yotsika mtengo komanso yotsimikizika. Anapatsidwa jakisoni wamkati. Mankhwalawa atha kugulidwa pamtengo wokongola ku pharmacy iliyonse. Katoniyo amakhala ndi chidule. Ili ndi kufotokoza kwa chinthu chomwe chikugwira ntchito ndi momwe chikuyenera kugwiritsidwira ntchito moyenera. Ndikupangira kuti muphunzire mosamala malangizo a shuga. Pali zabwino zambiri kuchokera mu majakisoni, koma palibe zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zidapezeka.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Njira yovulaza ya shuga m'mitsempha yake imatha kuyambitsa kusalingani mu ion bwino kapena hyperglycemia. Palinso zovuta zochokera mu mtima, zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi hypervolemia, pachimake kupendekeka kwamanzere. Nthawi zina pamatha kuyamba kutentha thupi. Patsamba la jakisoni, kukwiya, kukula kwa zovuta zamagulu ndi thrombophlebitis ndizotheka.

Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena

Pogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo njira yina ya glucose yokhala ndi furasemide ndi thiazide diuretics, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti amatha kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya mu seramu yamagazi.

Insulin imathandizira kuti shuga azilowa mofulumira. Zimathandizanso kupanga glycogen, kaphatikizidwe wamafuta acid ndi mapuloteni. Njira yothetsera shuga imachepetsa kwambiri poizoni wama pyrazinamide pachiwindi. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochulukitsa, hypokalemia imatha kukhazikika (kutsika kwa potaziyamu mu seramu yamagazi), ndipo izi zimawonjezera kuwopsa kwa kukonzekera kwa digitis ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo ndi shuga.

Pali umboni wosagwirizana ndi mankhwalawa omwe ali ndi mankhwala monga aminophylline, solible barbiturates, erythromycin, hydrocortisone, kanamycin, solfanle sulfanilamide mankhwala ndi cyanocobalamin.

Ngati bongo, mankhwala a wodwala ayenera kuchitidwa, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuyenera kutsimikizika ndipo insulini iyenera kuperekedwa mwachindunji.

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani?

Kuwala kwamthupi m'thupi kumatha mphamvu. Nthawi zambiri, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito shuga pochiza matenda amtundu wina wa chiwindi. Komanso, madokotala nthawi zambiri amapaka jakisoni m'thupi la munthu nthawi ya poizoni. Lowani ndi ndege kapena ndi dontho.

Mafuta a glucose amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kudyetsa ana, ngati pazifukwa zina sakudya chakudya. Glucose amatha kuyeretsa chiwindi ndi poizoni. Imabwezeretsa ntchito yotayika ya chiwindi ndikufulumizitsa kagayidwe m'thupi.

Mothandizidwa ndi shuga, azachipatala amachotsa kuledzera kwamtundu uliwonse. Mphamvu yowonjezereka ikalowa m'thupi, zimakhala ndi ziwalo zimayamba kugwira ntchito modzipereka. Glucose imapereka kutentha kwathunthu kwa mafuta m'thupi.

Ndikofunikira kwenikweni kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi la munthu. Kuperewera kapena kuchuluka kwa chinthu ichi kumawonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda aliwonse mwa munthu. Kuchuluka kwa shuga kumayendetsedwa ndi dongosolo la endocrine, ndipo insulin yowongolera imayendetsa.

Kodi glucose amakhala kuti?

Mutha kukumana ndi shuga wazambiri m'mipesa ndi mitundu ina ya zipatso ndi zipatso. Gluu ndi mtundu wa shuga. Mu 1802, W. Praut anapeza shuga. Bizinesiyi ikugwira ntchito yopanga shuga. Amapeza mothandizidwa ndi kukonza wowuma.

Mu zochita zachilengedwe, shuga amawonekera nthawi ya photosynthesis. Palibe chochitika chimodzi mthupi chomwe chimachitika popanda kutenga shuga. Kwa maselo aubongo, shuga ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zakudya.

Madokotala amatha kupatsa shuga shuga pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, shuga amayamba kudyedwa ndi hypoglycemia - kusowa kwa glucose m'thupi. Zakudya zopanda vuto nthawi zina zimatha kukhudza kuchuluka kwa glucose mthupi. Mwachitsanzo, munthu akamakonda zakudya zama protein - ndipo thupi limasowa chakudya (zipatso, phala).

Pa nthawi ya poizoni, ndikofunikira kubwezeretsa ntchito ya chiwindi. Kugwiritsa ntchito shuga kumathandizanso pano. Ndi matenda a chiwindi, shuga amatha kubwezeretsa kayendedwe ka maselo ake.

Ndi matenda otsegula m'mimba, kusanza, kapena magazi, munthu amatha kutaya madzi ambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito shuga, mulingo wake umabwezeretseka.

Ndi nkhawa kapena kugwa - kuchepa kwambiri kwa magazi - dokotala atha kukuwonjezeranso kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Glucose imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa zakudya za makolo, ngati pazifukwa zina munthu sangadye zakudya wamba. Nthawi zina yankho la glucose limawonjezeredwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Ndi subcutaneous makonzedwe, mavuto akhoza kupezeka mu mawonekedwe a minofu necrosis. Ndipo chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa msanga mu shuga, phlebitis imayamba. Chifukwa chake, musadziyesetse, makamaka ngati simukumvetsa chilichonse chokhudza izi. Patsani thanzi lanu madokotala.

Glucose imaphatikizidwa ndi matenda ashuga, koma nthawi zina amathandizidwa ndi insulin kokha kuchipatala.

Mlingo ndi makonzedwe:

Glucose solution 40% imayendetsedwa kudzera m'mitsempha (pang'onopang'ono), kwa akulu - 20-40-50 ml pa makonzedwe. Ngati ndi kotheka, kukapanda kulekeza kumathandizidwa ndi madontho 30 / mphindi (1.5 ml / kg / h). Mlingo wa achikulire omwe ali ndi mtsempha wa mtsempha wamkati ndi 300 ml patsiku. Mlingo wapamwamba wa tsiku lililonse kwa akulu ndi 15 ml / kg, koma osapitirira 1000 ml patsiku.

Zomwe Mungagwiritse Ntchito:

Gwiritsani ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera

Kulowetsedwa kwa glucose mwa amayi apakati omwe ali ndi Normoglycemia kungayambitse mwana wosabadwayo yemwe amayambitsa. Izi ndizofunikira kuziganizira, makamaka ngati mavuto obwera chifukwa cha fetal kapena chifukwa cha zina zadzidzidzi.

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ana pokhapokha akuwunikira komanso moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.

Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito motsogozedwa ndi shuga komanso magazi pamagetsi a electrolyte.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kupereka yankho la glucose munthawi yovuta kwambiri, ndikusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa kufalikira kwa ubongo, chifukwa mankhwalawa amatha kuwononga mawonekedwe a ubongo ndikuwonjezera njira ya matendawa (kupatula podzikongoletsa).

Kuti mutenge shuga wambiri m'magazi a proteinoglycemic, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwalawa ndi makina a (subcutaneous) osakhalitsa a insulin pamlingo wa 1 unit pa 4-5 g ya glucose (nkhani yowuma. Polyuria, glucosuria,

zam'mimba thirakiti: ,,

zimachitika mthupi: hypervolemia, thupi lawo siligwirizana (malungo, zotupa pakhungu, angioedema, mantha).

Pakachitika vuto, makonzedwe a njira yothetsedwayo ayenera kusiyidwa, mawonekedwe a wodwalayo, ndikuthandizidwa.

Mogwirizana ndi mankhwala ena:

Zoyipa:

Glucose solution ya 40% imaphatikizidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi: intracranial and intraspinal hemorrhage, kupatula kwa zochitika zomwe zimagwirizana ndi hypoglycemia, kuchepa magazi kwambiri, kuphatikizapo mowa, hypersensitivity ya zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwala, anuria, shuga ndi zina. Mankhwala sayenera kuperekedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi zinthu zamagazi.

Malo opumulira:

10 ml kapena 20 ml pa wokwanira. 5 kapena 10 ma ampoules okwanira. Mbale wokwanira 5, kapena matuza awiri mumpaketi.

Timayankha funso: komabe, chifukwa chiyani timafunikira glucose? Kodi amagwira ntchito ziti pothandizira? Ubwino wake, zopweteka zake, ndipo zimapezeka m'mikhalidwe yotani? Nditha liti kumwa mapiritsi, ma ufa, ma dontho a shuga?

Chizindikiro cha pawiri, zopindulitsa ndi zovulaza katundu

Glucose sichinthu chopanga mankhwala munthawi ya zinthu zamankhwala (tebulo la Mendeleev), komabe, wophunzira aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi lingaliro lalikulonse pankhaniyi, chifukwa thupi lamunthu limafunikiradi. Kuchokera munthawi ya organic chemistry amadziwika kuti chinthu chimakhala ndi ma atomu asanu ndi limodzi a carbon, olumikizidwa ndi gawo la zolumikizana zolumikizana. Kuphatikiza pa kaboni, ilinso ndi ma atomu a hydrogen ndi oxygen. Njira zamomwe amapangira ndi C 6 H 12 O 6.

Glucose m'thupi imakhala ndi minyewa yonse, ziwalo zokhala ndi zosowa zina. Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani shuga umakhala wofunikira ngati ulipo pazofalitsa zachilengedwe? Choyamba, mowa wa atomu 6wu ndi gawo lapansi lamphamvu kwambiri m'thupi la munthu. Ikakumba, glucose yomwe imagwira nawo michere ya enzymatic imatulutsa mphamvu zambiri - mamolekyulu 10 a adenosine triphosphate (gwero lalikulu lamphamvu yosungirako) kuchokera ku molekyulu imodzi ya chakudya. Ndiye kuti, gulu ili ndipamene limapanga mphamvu zazikulu mthupi lathu. Koma sizokwanira kuti glucose akhaleko.

Ndi 6 H 12 Pafupifupi 6 amapita kumanga nyumba zambiri zam'manja. Chifukwa chake, shuga m'thupi amapanga zida za receptor (glycoproteins). Kuphatikiza apo, shuga m'magulu ake ochulukirapo amasonkhana mu mawonekedwe a glycogen m'chiwindi ndipo amadyedwa ngati pakufunika. Pulogalamuyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pothana ndi poizoni. Imangirira mankhwala oopsa, imachepetsa kukhazikika kwawo m'magazi ndi zinthu zina, ndikuthandizira kuti ichotse (kuchotsa) mthupi posachedwa, makamaka kukhala detoxifier yamphamvu.

Koma chakudya ichi sichili ndi phindu lokha, komanso chovulaza, chomwe chimapereka chidziwitso kuti chisawone zomwe zili mu media media - m'mwazi, mkodzo. Kupatula apo, shuga m'thupi, ngati kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kokwanira, kumapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo cha glucose chikhale. Gawo lotsatira ndi matenda ashuga. Poizoni wa glucose amawonekera chifukwa chakuti mapuloteni omwe amapanga minofu yathu yaumunthu amalowa m'machitidwe azomwe zimachitika ndi phula. Komabe, ntchito yawo imatayika. Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha izi ndi hemoglobin. Mu shuga mellitus, ena amayamba kukhala glycated, motero, gawo ili la hemoglobin siligwira ntchito yake moyenera. Yemweyo kwa maso - glycosylation ya mapuloteni mawonekedwe a maso amatsogolera ku ma cataracts ndi retinal dystrophy. Mapeto ake, njirazi zimatha kubweretsa khungu.

Zakudya zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvuyi

Chakudya chimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri. Si chinsinsi kuti mcherewu umakoma kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, maswiti (aliwonse), shuga (makamaka oyera), uchi wamtundu uliwonse, pasitala wopangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu ya tirigu yofewa, zinthu zambiri zotsekemera zomwe zimakhala ndi zonona zambiri ndi shuga ndizakudya zokhala ndi glucose komwe glucose imakhala yambiri.

Ponena za zipatso, zipatso, pali malingaliro olakwika akuti zinthu izi ndizopeza mu pofotokozedwa ndi ife. Ndizomveka, pafupifupi zipatso zonse ndizokoma kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, zikuwoneka kuti zomwe zili ndi glucose zimapezekanso. Koma kutsekemera kwa zipatsozi kumadzetsa chakudya china - fructose, chomwe chimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso zochuluka kwambiri sikuopsa kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Zinthu zomwe zili ndi shuga kwa odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri. Simuyenera kuchita mantha kuti mupewe kugwiritsa ntchito. Kupatula apo, ngakhale wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kudya kuchuluka kwa michere iyi (kuchuluka kwa shuga tsiku lililonse ndi munthu aliyense ndipo zimatengera kulemera kwa thupi, pafupifupi - 182 g patsiku). Ndikokwanira kulipira chidwi ndi glycemic index ndi glycemic katundu.

Ma grice grice (makamaka oyera mpunga wozungulira-mpunga), chimanga, barele, ngale zochokera ku ufa wa tirigu (kuchokera ku mitundu ya tirigu yofewa) ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga wokwanira. Amakhala ndi index ya glycemic pakati pa sing'anga mpaka kukwera (kuyambira 55 mpaka 100). Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo zakudya zokhala ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala ochepa.

Kumwa mapiritsi a shuga: ndizotheka kapena ayi?

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amapezeka ndimatenda amitundu yonse ya metabolism, koma nthawi zambiri amakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya kamatumbo, kamene kamayendera limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, mkodzo (hyperglycemia, glucosuria). Chifukwa chake, ndi matenda ashuga, pali kale pambiri iyi, ndipo zochulukirapo zake zimayambitsa vuto la glucose, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Mu matenda a shuga, glucose owonjezera amasintha lipids, cholesterol, ndikuwonjezera kachigawo kake "koyipa" (pali "cholesterol" choyipa china, izi ndizowopsa pakukula kwa atherosulinosis). Ndizowopsa komanso zovuta m'maso.

Zolemba! Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti shuga imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapiritsi, ufa kapena mawonekedwe a dontho la shuga pokhapokha pokhapokha (pali zisonyezo zina). Ndiwotsimikizika kuti mutenge nokha!

Kugwiritsa ntchito shuga mu shuga kumakhala koyenera pokhazikitsidwa ndi hypoglycemia - mkhalidwe pamene mulingo wake ukutsika m'magazi wotsika kuposa 2.0 mmol / L. Matendawa ndi owopsa pakhungu. Ili ndi zizindikiro zake zamankhwala:

Thukuta lozizira
Kugwedezeka thupi langa lonse
Pakamwa pakamwa
Kulakalaka kwambiri kudya,
Zochita zamkati pamtima, zolimba ngati ulusi,
Kuthamanga kwa magazi

Kugwiritsa ntchito shuga pansi pazinthu izi kumatha kukhala kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zili ndi zambiri (maswiti okoma, mkate, uchi). Ngati matendawo apita patali kwambiri ndipo vuto la hypoglycemic limayamba, kenako chikomokere, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo amayenera kuperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha yama 40%. Ndi malingaliro ozindikira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito shuga m'mapiritsi (pansi pa lilime ndikofunikira).

Kugwiritsa ntchito shuga m'mapiritsi ndi ufa

Glucose pamapiritsi amapezeka kawiri kawiri pamankhwala osokoneza bongo, makamaka ngati akhala ndi mankhwala a isulin kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo amakhala ndi nkhawa nthawi zambiri ndi hypoglycemia. Za momwe mapiritsi a glucose amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula kwa izi akufotokozedwa kale.

Mapiritsi a "Glucose" angathandize kuchiza matenda otsatirawa:

Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi (cachexia), makamaka kuperewera kwa chakudya
Chakudya cha toxicoinawon ndi zina zomwe zimachitika ndikusanza kwambiri, kuchepa madzi m'thupi, mpaka exicosis mwa ana,
Poizoni ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zinthu zina zomwe zingawononge chiwindi.

Glucose wochizira poyizoni ndi zina zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kutaya kwamadzi ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito potengera kulemera kwa munthu (izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa ana). Kuphatikiza apo, m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku mumakonda kulimbana ndi poyizoni. Glucose yomwe ili ndi detoxifying yake imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino munthawi zonsezi.

Mapiritsi a glucose ali ndi 0,5 g yogwira ntchito, pomwe paketi 1 ya ufa imakhala ndi 1. Kukonzekera kwa ufa kumakhala kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito muubwana, popeza shuga m'magome ndi ovuta kumeza.

Mlingo wa glucose wa mankhwalawa ndi 0,5 g wa hypoglycemia (mlingo waukulu - mpaka 2.0 g), poizoni - mapiritsi awiri pa 1 lita yankho. Ngati mukumwa poyizoni ndi mankhwala a hepatotropic, mapiritsi 2 ayenera kumwedwa maola atatu aliwonse.

Kodi ogwiritsa ntchito akuwala?

Zina zomwe ndingagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa. Ngati palibe contraindication, ndiye kuti kugwiritsa ntchito dontho ndikoyenera. Kufotokozera kwa mankhwalawa kumakuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse komwe akhoza kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito shuga.

Isotonic kuchepa thupi (kuchepa madzi m'thupi),
Zizolowezi zotupa m'matumbo a ubwana (hemorrhagic diathesis),
Kuwongolera kwa kusokonezeka kwa ma-electrolyte mu coma (hypoglycemic) monga gawo la zovuta mankhwala kapena ngati njira yayikulu yothandizira pakadali pano chisamaliro.
Poizoni wa genesis iliyonse.

Kuti mumvetsetse momwe glucose amatengera, muyenera kudziwa momwe zimapangidwira, zomwe zikuwonetsa komanso kuphwanya. Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito apereka mayankho ku mafunso awa. Dontho la glucose limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa kapena zina zomwe zimayambitsa chiwindi chachikulu. Kodi chifukwa chani shuga agwera pamenepa? Yankho lake ndi losavuta. Zimabwezeranso mphamvu zam'madzi, chifukwa chiwindi chomwe chimagwira ndi matendawa sichitha nawo ntchito imeneyi.

Mafuta amtundu wa glucose amakhala ndi 5 kapena 10 ml ya mawonekedwe osungunuka. Mitsempha ya intravenous imafuna kugwiritsa ntchito Mbale zomwe zili ndi chinthu ichi.

Zolemba! Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kusungidwa kwa ma ampoules ndi mbale wa glucose kuyenera kuchitika mozizira, makamaka popanda ana.

Kodi mankhwala amatsutsana ndi chiyani?

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa popanda kufunsa dokotala kumatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zoyipa, chifukwa chomwe glucose si mankhwala osavulaza. Kodi zotsutsana ndi ziti?