Seramu glucose wabwinobwino: wabwinobwino ndi kukwezedwa ndende

Ngati shuga m'magazi a m'mwazi akwezedwa, ichi sichizindikiro cha matendawa. Tsiku lililonse timachita zinthu mwachizolowezi, timalimbikitsidwa kwambiri. Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amadziwa, koma thupi lathu limalandira mphamvu pazinthu zonsezi kuchokera ku makutidwe a okosijeni. Imafikiridwa m'magazi a anthu ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu ku ziwalo zonse ndi ziwalo kudzera m'matumbo, ndikuwadyetsa, ndikupereka mphamvu kuti igwire bwino ntchito.

Seramu glucose wabwinobwino: wabwinobwino ndi kukwezedwa ndende

Kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikofunikira kuti mupeze matenda a carbohydrate metabolism. Zimayamba kuwunika kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda a shuga kapena omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga, makamaka mitundu yomalizira yomwe mulibe chithunzi cha matenda, kusanthula koteroko kumalimbikitsidwa kwa aliyense atakwanitsa zaka 45. Komanso, kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumachitika pakubala, popeza kusintha kwa ma Horona kungayambitse matenda ashuga.

Ngati kupatuka kwa shuga mu seramu yamagazi kuchokera ku chizolowezi kwapezeka, ndiye kuti mayesowo akupitilizabe, ndipo odwala amawasinthira ku zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta osavuta a mafuta ndi mafuta.
Ndi chiyani chimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi?

Kuchokera kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amakhala ndi chakudya, munthu amalandira pafupifupi 63% ya mphamvu yofunikira m'moyo. Zakudya zimakhala ndi zovuta komanso zovuta zamafuta. Monosaccharides osavuta ndi glucose, fructose, galactose. Mwa awa, 80% ndi shuga, ndi galactose (kuchokera ku zinthu zamkaka) ndi fructose (kuchokera ku zipatso zotsekemera) amasandukanso shuga mtsogolo.

Zakudya zomanga thupi zophatikizika, monga wowuma wa polysaccharide, zimaswa mchikakamizo cha amylase mu duodenum mpaka glucose kenako zimayamwa m'magazi m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Chifukwa chake, mafuta onse m'zakudya amadzapanga ma glucose ndipo amapezeka m'mitsempha yamagazi.

Ngati shuga saperekedwa mokwanira, ndiye kuti imatha kupangika m'thupi m'chiwindi, impso ndi 1% yake imapangidwa m'matumbo. Kwa gluconeogenesis, pomwe mamolekyu atsopano a shuga amawoneka, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndi mapuloteni.

Kufunika kwa shuga kumakumana ndi maselo onse, chifukwa kumafunikira mphamvu. Munthawi zosiyanasiyana patsiku, maselo amafunikira kuchuluka kwa shuga. Kutikita minofu kumafuna mphamvu pa kayendedwe, ndipo usiku tulo, kufunika kwa glucose ndizochepa. Popeza kudya sikugwirizana ndi kudya kwa glucose, amasungidwa kosungirako.

Kutha kusunga shuga mu nkhokwe (ngati glycogen) kumadziwika m'maselo onse, koma ambiri mwa malo amtundu wa glycogen amakhala:

• Maselo a chiwindi ndi hepatocytes.
• Maselo amafuta ndi adipocytes.
• Ma cell a minofu ndi myocyte.

Maselo amenewa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito glucose kuchokera m'magazi pakakhala zochulukirapo ndipo mothandizidwa ndi ma enzymes, amasinthira kukhala glycogen, yomwe imaphwanya mpaka shuga ndikuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi. Glycogen amasunga m'chiwindi ndi minofu.

Pamene shuga amalowa m'maselo amafuta, amasinthidwa kukhala glycerin, yomwe ndi gawo lamasitolo amafuta a triglycerides. Ma molekyulu amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero lamphamvu pokhapokha glycogen onse omwe amapezeka m'malo akatha. Ndiye kuti, glycogen ndi malo osungirako kwakanthawi kochepa, ndipo mafuta ndi malo osungirako kwanthawi yayitali.

Kodi shuga wamagazi amasungidwa bwanji?

Maselo aubongo amafunikira kuti glucose agwire ntchito, koma sangathe kuwayika kapena kuwumba, kotero ntchito zaubongo zimatengera kudya kwa glucose kuchokera mu chakudya. Kuti ubongo ukhale wokhoza kuyendetsa zochitika za m'magazi, wocheperako ayenera kukhala 3 mmol / L.

Ngati pali shuga wambiri m'magazi, ndiye kuti, ngati gawo losakanikirana bwino, limatulutsa timadzi tokha kuchokera m'matipi. Pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, impso zimakufa ndi mkodzo. Kuzungulira kwa glucose m'magazi komwe kumalowera gawo lathu la impso kumayambira 10 mpaka 11 mmol / L. Thupi, komanso shuga, limataya mphamvu zomwe zimalandira kuchokera ku chakudya.

Kudya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pa kayendedwe kumayambitsa kusintha kwa glucose, koma popeza kagayidwe kabwinobwino ka carrate kamayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni, kusinthaku kumakhala kosiyanasiyana kuyambira 3.5 mpaka 8 mmol / L. Mukatha kudya, shuga amatuluka, monga chakudya (m'magazi a shuga) kulowa m'matumbo kuchokera m'magazi. Imadyedwa pang'ono ndikusungidwa m'maselo a chiwindi ndi minofu.

Zambiri pazabwino zam'magazi m'magazi zimatulutsidwa ndi mahomoni - insulin ndi glucagon. Insulin imayambitsa kutsika kwa glycemia ndi izi:

1. Zimathandizira kuti maselo agwire glucose m'magazi (kupatula ma hepatocytes ndi maselo amanjenje amanjenje).
2. Imayendetsa glycolysis mkati mwa khungu (pogwiritsa ntchito mamolekyu a glucose).
3. Imalimbikitsa mapangidwe a glycogen.
4. Imalepheretsa kaphatikizidwe wa glucose watsopano (gluconeogeneis).

Kupanga kwa insulin kumachulukitsa ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga, zotsatira zake ndizotheka pokhapokha zikalumikizidwa ndi ma receptors pa membrane wa cell. Natural carbohydrate metabolism imatheka pokhapokha ndi kaphatikizidwe ka insulin mokwanira komanso zochitika za insulin receptors. Izi zimaphwanyidwa mu shuga, kotero glucose wamwazi amakwezedwa.

Glucagon imatanthauzanso mahomoni a pancreatic, amalowa m'mitsempha yamagazi mukatsitsa glucose wamagazi. Makina ake a zochita zake akutsutsana ndi insulin. Ndi gawo la glucagon, glycogen imasweka m'chiwindi ndipo shuga amapangidwa kuchokera pazinthu zopanda mafuta.

Miyezi yochepa ya shuga kwa thupi imawonedwa ngati mkhalidwe wopsinjika, chifukwa chake, ndi hypoglycemia (kapena motsogozedwa ndi zina zopsinjika), tiziwalo ta pituitary ndi adrenal timatulutsa timadzi tambiri totatu - somatostatin, cortisol ndi adrenaline.

Glucose

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda pamayendedwe Akusaka Osapezeka Kusaka sakupeza Kusaka sikupezeka

Popeza zakudya zomwe zili m'magazi ndizotsika kwambiri m'mawa musanadye kadzutsa, mulingo wamagazi amayeza makamaka nthawi ino. Chakudya chomaliza chimalimbikitsidwa maola 10-12 musanazindikire.

Ngati maphunziro amaperekedwa kwa glycemia okwera kwambiri, ndiye kuti amatenga magazi ola limodzi mutatha kudya. Amathanso kuyeza mulingo wosakonzeka popanda chakudya. Kuphunzira ntchito yamatenti oyeserera, kuyezetsa magazi kwa glucose kumachitika patatha maola 2 mutatha kudya.

Kuti muwone zotsatira zake, cholembedwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito momwe mawu atatu amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Normoglycemia, hyperglycemia ndi hypoglycemia. Chifukwa chake, izi zikutanthauza: kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikwabwinobwino, kuthamanga kwa shuga.

Zilinso ndi vuto la momwe glucose anayeza, popeza ma labotore osiyanasiyana amatha kugwiritsa ntchito magazi athunthu, madzi a m'magazi kapena zinthuzo zingakhale seramu yamagazi. Kutanthauzira kwa zotsatirazi kuyenera kuganizira zinthu izi:

• Mlingo wa shuga m'magazi am'magazi ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa 11.5 - 14.3% chifukwa cha madzi osiyanasiyana.
• Seramu ali ndi shuga wambiri 5% kuposa plasma ya heparinized.
• Magazi a capillary amakhala ndi shuga ochulukirapo kuposa magazi a venous. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a venous ndi magazi a capillary ndi kosiyana.

Kuzungulira kwazonse m'magazi athunthu pamimba yopanda kanthu ndi 3.3 - 5.5 mmol / L, kukwera kwakukulu kumatha kukhala 8 mmol / L mutatha kudya, ndipo maola awiri mutatha kudya, msinkhu wa shuga uyenera kubwerera pamlingo womwe unalipo musanadye.

Makhalidwe ofunikira kwa thupi ndi hypoglycemia pansipa 2.2 mmol / L, popeza kufa ndi maselo aubongo kumayambira, komanso hyperglycemia pamwambapa 25 mmol / L. kuchuluka kwa shuga pamitengo imeneyi kumatha kukhala ndi shuga.

Hyperglycemia mu shuga

Choyambitsa matenda ambiri a shuga ndi shuga. Ndi matenda awa, glucose sangathe kulowa m'maselo chifukwa insulini siipangidwa kapena sikokwanira kunyamula kwachilengedwe. Kusintha kotereku kumadziwika ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga umayendera limodzi ndi kuchepa kwa insulin, chifukwa mumakhala ma insulin m'magazi, koma ma cell a maselo sangathe kulumikizana nawo. Vutoli limatchedwa insulin kukana.

Matenda a shuga a kanthawi kochepa amatha kuchitika panthawi yoyembekezera komanso amatha pambuyo pobadwa kwa mwana. Amalumikizidwa ndi kuwonjezereka kwa mahomoni ndi placenta. Mwa azimayi ena, matenda amishuga amapititsa patsogolo kukana kwa insulin komanso matenda a shuga a 2.

Matenda a shuga achiwiri amakhalanso ndi endocrine pathologies, matenda ena otupa, komanso matenda a kapamba. Ndi kuchira, mawonekedwe a shuga amatha.

Zizindikiro zina za shuga zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kupitilira gawo lachiwopsezo cha shuga - 10-12 mmol / L. Maonekedwe a shuga mumkodzo amatsogolera pakuchuluka kwa madzi. Chifukwa chake, polyuria (kukodza pokodza) kumayambitsa kusowa kwamadzi, ndikuyambitsa pakati pa ludzu. Matenda a shuga amadziwikanso ndi kuchuluka kwa chidwi cha kudya komanso kusinthasintha kwa thupi, kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira.

Laboratory kuzindikira matenda ashuga zimatengera kupezeka kwa magawo awiri a kusala kudya kwa hyperglycemia pamtunda wa 6.1 mmol / l kapena mutatha kudya zoposa 10 mmol / l. Ndi mfundo zomwe sizimafika pamlingo wotere, koma ndizopamwamba kuposa zofananira kapena pali chifukwa choganiza kuti kuphwanya kwa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe, maphunziro ena amachitika:

1. Mayeso a kulolera a glucose
2. Kudziwa hemoglobin wa glycated.

Kuyeserera kwa glucose kumayesa momwe thupi limapangira chakudya. Katunduyo amachitidwa - wodwalayo amapatsidwa shuga wa magalamu 75 ndipo patatha maola awiri mulingo wake sayenera kupitirira 7.8 mmol / l. Poterepa, ichi ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino. Mu shuga, ali pamwamba 11.1 mmol / L. Makhalidwe apakati amapezeka m'njira yatsopano ya matenda ashuga.

Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin glycosylation (mgwirizano ndi mamolekyulu a shuga) sikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'masiku 90 apitawa. Kukula kwake kumakhala pafupifupi 6% ya hemoglobin yonse ya magazi, ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda ashuga, zotsatira zake zimakhala zapamwamba kuposa 6.5%.

Matenda a shuga osakhudzana ndi shuga

Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikosakhalitsa komanso nkhawa zambiri. Chitsanzo chikhoza kukhala kugwedezeka kwa cardiogenic pakuwukira kwa angina pectoris. Hyperglycemia imayendera limodzi ndi kuperewera kwa vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi mwa mitundu yambiri ya chakudya mu bulimia.

Mankhwala amatha kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi: mahomoni, ma diuretics, ma antihypertensives, makamaka osasankha a beta-blockers, kuchepa kwa vitamini H (biotin), komanso kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa. Mlingo waukulu wa caffeine umathandizanso kuthamanga kwa shuga m'magazi.

Shuga wochepa amachititsa kuperewera kwa vuto lamanjenje chapakati, komwe kumabweretsa kuphatikizira kwa adrenaline, komwe kumawonjezera shuga m'magazi ndipo kumayambitsa zizindikiro zazikulu za hypoglycemia:

• Kuchuluka kwanjala.
• Kugunda kwa mtima komanso pafupipafupi.
• Kutukwana.
• Gwiranani chanza.
• Kusakwiya ndi nkhawa.
• Chizungulire

Mtsogolomo, zizindikiro zimayenderana ndi kuwonekera kwamitsempha: kuchepetsedwa ndende, kuwonongeka kwa kayendedwe ka malo, kuzindikira kayendedwe, kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe.

Progressive hypoglycemia imayendera limodzi ndi zizindikiro zoyipa za kuwonongeka kwa ubongo: kusokonekera kwa kalankhulidwe, kusachita bwino, kukhumudwa. Kenako wodwalayo amayamba kukomoka, kukomoka. Popanda chithandizo choyenera, chikomokere cha hypoglycemic chitha kupha.

Zomwe zimayambitsa hypoglycemia nthawi zambiri ndimagwiritsidwe ntchito molakwika a insulin: jakisoni wopanda zakudya, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, osachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kumwa mankhwala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zoledzeretsa, makamaka mwakudya osakwanira.

Kuphatikiza apo, hypoglycemia imachitika ndi zotere:

1. Chotupa m'dera la pancreatic beta cell, momwe insulin imapangidwira ngakhale shuga yochepa.
2. Matenda a Addison - kufa kwa maselo a adrenal kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa kudya kwa cortisol m'magazi.
3. Kulephera kwa hepatitis kwambiri hepatitis, cirrhosis kapena khansa ya chiwindi
4. Mitundu ikuluikulu ya mtima ndi kulephera kwa impso.
5. Mu makanda obadwa kumene omwe ali ndi vuto la kulemera kapena kubadwa msanga.
6. Matenda amtundu.

Kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kumapangitsa kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi komanso kudya kosayenera ndi chakudya chopatsa mphamvu, chomwe chimayambitsa kukondoweza kwa kutulutsa kwa insulin. Kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonedwa mwa azimayi pa msambo.

Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a hypoglycemia imatha kukhala chotupa chomwe chimayambitsa kufooka kwa thupi. Mchere wambiri umalimbikitsa kuchepa kwa magazi ndipo, motero, kutsitsa shuga mu iwo.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi akukamba za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda pamayendedwe Akusaka Osapezeka Kusaka sakupeza Kusaka sikupezeka

Magazi a shuga

Glucose ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la magazi, popanda zomwe zimachitika kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito sizingatheke. Mlingo wa glucose wosasintha umatsimikizira kuti magwiridwe antchito angapo ndi mahomoni, chifukwa chake, matenda atatha, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kusokonezeka ndikuchepa kapena kuchuluka kwakukulu.

Nthawi zambiri, munthu wathanzi amakhala ndi shuga wamagazi a 70-110 mg / dl. Mwachizolowezi, musanadye, shuga amachepetsa ndipo amatha kukhala 60-70 mg / dl, mutatha kudya izi zimawonjezeka mpaka 120 mg / dl. Mwa ana, mtengo wake ndi 50-115 mg / dl, womwe amafotokozedwa ndi kufalikira kwa kapamba ndi chiwindi.

• matenda a kapamba
• matenda a chithokomiro
• matenda a adrenal glands.

Kulephera pa ntchito ya ziwalozi kumasokoneza kukula kwa shuga, kotero munthu amakhala ndi kufooka komanso khungu. Nthawi zambiri, matenda ashuga amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi komanso matenda ena ambiri. Kusagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali pancreatitis, cholecystitis ndi pyelonephritis kumathandizira kuyambika kwa matenda ashuga.

M'matenda a kapamba, maselo ake amawonongeka, ndipo mwayi wopanga insulin, mahomoni omwe amaphwanya shuga, amachepetsedwa. Koma si nthawi zonse kuperewera kwa insulin komwe kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Nthawi zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndimatenda a chiwindi, chifukwa chomwe thupi silingathe kupanga shuga. Mphamvu ya maselo kuti shuga isinthe, motero, kagayidwe kachakudya kamasokoneza. Matenda a shuga ndi matenda opatsirana a endocrine.

Chifukwa chake, lingaliro lakuti anthu omwe amakonda maswiti amatha kukhala ndi matenda ashuga ndiwongo.

Kusintha kwa shuga wamagazi mwa ana kumawonedwa pambuyo pa matenda a virus. Ndizilombo zomwe zimayambitsa makina omwe amachepetsa kupanga insulini. Chifukwa chake, musadzudzule agogo kapena makolo chifukwa chodyetsa kwambiri mwana ndi maswiti. Matenda a shuga ndi autoimmune matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kupanga kwa insulin pang'ono kapena kuchepa kwa chidwi cha maselo kwa icho.

Nthawi zina matenda a shuga amapezeka mwa amayi apakati chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ziphuphu. Ma mahomoni apakati amalepheretsa insulin ndikuchepetsa kupanga. Vutoli limafunikira chithandizo choyenera komanso zakudya zamafuta ochepa.

Kuchulukitsa kwa glucose si matenda a shuga, kumangokhala peresenti 7% yokha yokhala ndi shuga mwa amayi apakati. Mwana akabadwa, thupi la mkazi limabwezeretseka.

Mwakusankha, onse odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kumwa insulini.

Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga umapezeka, pomwe kupanga insulini kumakhala koyenera. Kuzindikira kwa minyewa ndi maselo kwa iko kumakulirakulira. Zikakhala choncho, sizikupanga nzeru kumwa insulin, ziwalo zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ziyenera kuthandizidwa.

Nthawi zambiri ndi chiwindi, impso komanso chithokomiro. Mankhwalawa matenda ophatikizika, shuga wambiri amakulanso.

Glycemia amatchedwa glucose wamagazi. Awa ndi mkhalidwe wakuthupi womwe umayang'anira kuwongolera kwa machitidwe ofunikira m'thupi la zinthu zamoyo.

Zizindikiro zowerengeka za shuga zimatha kusinthira mmwamba kapena pansi, zomwe zimakhalanso ndi chikhalidwe cha thupi komanso matenda.

Mkulu wa glucose amakwera chakudya chimalowa mthupi, ndikosakwanira kapangidwe ka insulin, ndipo amachepetsa chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa thupi, kuchepa kwa magazi, kupanikizika ndi kupsinjika.

Kukula kwa shuga m'magazi ndizofunikira kwambiri pofufuza, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse kusintha kwa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yama cell ndi minofu ya thupi. Zowonetsa za pafupipafupi ndi zamatenda zimawerengedwa m'nkhaniyi.

Gluu m'magazi a anthu

Zakudya zonse zomanga thupi m'thupi sizingatengere momwe zimakhalira kale. Amaphwanyidwa kuti apange monosaccharides pogwiritsa ntchito ma enzymes apadera. Kuchuluka kwa izi kumadalira zovuta za kapangidwe kake. Ma saccharides ochulukirapo omwe ali gawo la chakudya, pang'onopang'ono njira zomwe zimasokonekera ndikuchokera kwa shuga m'matumbo am'magazi.

Ndikofunikira kwa thupi la munthu kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakhala koyenera nthawi zonse, chifukwa ndi saccharide iyi yomwe imapereka mphamvu ku maselo ndi minyewa yonse. Choyamba, ndikofunikira pa ntchito ya ubongo, mtima, minofu zida.

Kusungabe milingo yoyenera ya glycemic ndikutsimikizira thanzi

Zomwe zimachitika ngati shuga yapita kuposa miyezo yovomerezeka:

• hypoglycemia (zizindikiro zotsika bwino) zimayambitsa kusowa kwa chakudya, chifukwa cha momwe maselo ofunikira a ziwalo zofunika.
• hyperglycemia (shuga pamlingo wapamwamba) imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi, imayambitsa kuchepa kwa lumen yawo ndikupititsa kwina kwa minofu ya trophic mpaka kukulira kwa gangren.

Zofunika! Munthu amakhala ndi malo osungirako shuga, komwe magwero ake ndi glycogen (chinthu chomwe chimakhala ndi wowuma ndipo chimapezeka m'maselo a chiwindi). Katunduyu amatha kuwononga ndikupereka mphamvu pazinthu zonse.

Magazi a shuga m'magazi amatsimikiziridwa m'njira zingapo. Iliyonse ya izo ili ndi ziwerengero zake.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumakuthandizani kuti mumvetse bwino kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimapangidwira, hemoglobin, dongosolo la kuphatikizika, kuti mufotokozere bwino za momwe thupi limagwirira kapena kutupa. Njira yodziwitsira anthu siziwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, koma ndiyofunika kuvomerezera pamaphunziro ena onse omwe akusonyezedwa pansipa.

Kuyesa kwa shuga

Kuunika kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa monosaccharide m'magazi a capillary. Zotsatira zakuwunika ndizofanana kwa amuna ndi akazi akuluakulu, chifukwa ana amasiyanasiyana malinga ndi zaka.

Kuti mumve zambiri, muyenera kusiya chakudya cham'mawa, kutsuka mano, kutafuna chingamu. Masana, osamwa mowa ndi mankhwala (mutatha kukambirana ndi dokotala). Magazi amachotsedwa chala.

Zotsatirazi zitha kukhala m'magawo otsatirawa: mmol / l, mg / 100 ml, mg / dl, mg /%. Gome likuwonetsa mayankho omwe ali otheka (mmol / l).

Kupenda kwazinthu zam'thupi

Biochemistry ndi njira yodziwitsa onse, chifukwa, kuphatikiza pa glycemia, imakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa amitundu ambiri. Pofufuza, magazi ochokera mu mtsempha amafunikira.

Magazi ndi madzi achilengedwe, kusintha komwe kumawonetsa zomwe zimawonetsa kukhalapo kwa matenda m'thupi

Zomwe zili mu monosaccharide mu kusanthula kwamankhwala amasiyana pakudziwika ndi chala pafupifupi 10-12% (mmol / l):

• atafika zaka 5 ndi okulirapo - 3.7-6.0,
• malire mpaka atakwanitsa zaka 5 ndi okulirapo - 6.0-6.9,
• matenda a shuga amakayikira - pamwambapa 6.9,
• chokhazikika kwa makanda ndi 2.7-4.4,
• chizolowezi pa nthawi ya pakati komanso okalamba ndi 4.6-6.8.

Mu plasma yamagazi a venous, osati zongowonetsa shuga zokha zomwe zimatsimikizika, komanso kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, popeza ubale wa zinthu ziwiri izi watsimikiziridwa kale.

Zofunika! Manambala apamwamba a glycemia amathandizira kuyika kwa cholesterol kukhoma lamkati la mitsempha, yomwe imachepetsa lumen, imasokoneza kayendedwe ka magazi ndi minofu trophism.

Kusanthula kofananako kumachitika pankhani zotsatirazi:

• kuyezetsa magazi kwa anthu,
• kunenepa
• matenda a zida za endocrine,
• Zizindikiro za hypo- kapena hyperglycemia,
• kusamalira wodwala kwamphamvu
• pa mimba kupatula mawonekedwe a "matenda okoma".

Tanthauzo la kulolerana

Laboratory matenda a shuga

Kulekerera kwa glucose ndiko gawo lamaselo am'mthupi, momwe chidwi chawo ndi insulin chimachepetsedwa kwambiri.

Popanda izi chimbudzi cha pancreatic, glucose samatha kulowa mu cell kuti apereke mphamvu yofunikira.

Chifukwa chake, ndi kulekerera kwapakati, kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi am'magazi kumachitika.

Ngati matenda otere alipo, akhoza kutsimikizika pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso "okhala ndi katundu", omwe amalola kumveketsa magawo othamanga a caroshydrate monosaccharide ngakhale mutatha kudya.

Phunziroli lakhazikitsidwa pazochitika zotsatirazi:

• kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro za "matenda okoma" okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi,
• glucosuria (shuga mumkodzo),
• kuchuluka kwamikodzo patsiku,
• matenda a kagayidwe kazakudya,
• kukhala ndi abale omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga
• mimba ndi kubadwa kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi mbiri ya macrosomia,
• kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa zida zowonekera.

Magazi amatengedwa kuchokera kwa wodwala, glucose ufa amamuyika mu kapu ya madzi kapena tiyi, ndipo nthawi zina (malinga ndi malangizo a dokotala, koma muyezo pambuyo pa maola 1, 2) magazi amatengedwanso. Mulingo wovomerezeka wanthawi yotani, komanso kuchuluka kwa matenda omwe amadziwika mu tebulo pansipa.

Zotsatira zoyeserera za glucose

Glycosylated hemoglobin

Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yodziwitsira matenda, mutha kuwerengera shuga m'magazi anu omaliza. Erythrocyte hemoglobin imalumikizana ndi monosaccharides, ndikupanga hemoglobin wa glycated, chifukwa chake ndikotheka kupezanso mfundo zapakati pazamoyo zam'magazi ofiira, omwe ali masiku 120.

Zofunika! Kuzindikira ndikwabwino chifukwa kumatha kuchitika musanadye komanso pambuyo chakudya. Osatengera chidwi ndi matenda omwe ali kale komanso momwe thupi la wodwalayo lidayesedwera.

Zizindikiro zimayezedwa ngati peresenti (%) ya kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi.

Ziwerengero zosakwana 5.7% zimawonedwa ngati zabwinobwino; zizindikiro za 6% zimawonetsa chiwopsezo chotenga matendawa ndikufunika kukonza zakudya. 6.1-6.5% - chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa, pamwamba pa 6.5% - kupezeka kwa matenda osokoneza bongo amakayikira.

Peresenti iliyonse imafanana ndi ziwerengero zina za shuga, zomwe ndi pafupifupi data.

Kugwirizana kwa HbA1c ndi glycemia

Fructosamine

Kusanthula kumeneku kukuwonetsa zomwe zili serum monosaccharide m'masabata atatu apitawa. Zowonjezera ziyenera kukhala zosakwana 320 μmol / l. Kuunikaku ndikofunikira panthawi yomwe dokotala yemwe adakhalapo adaganiza zosintha njira zochiritsira kuti azilipiritsa chindapusa cha amayi apakati, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi (glycated hemoglobin adzasokonekera).

Manambala pamwambapa 370 μmol / L akuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa mikhalidwe:

• Kubwezera shuga
• kulephera kwa impso
• hypothyroidism,
• milingo yayikulu ya IgA.

Gawo lomwe lili m'munsi mwa 270 μmol / L likuwonetsa izi:

• hypoproteinemia,
• matenda ashuga nephropathy,
• hyperthyroidism
• kudya kwamphamvu mavitamini C.

Hyperglycemia, kuphatikiza pa shuga, imatha kuyenda limodzi ndi kutupa kapamba, adrenal gland, matenda a chiwindi, kugwiritsa ntchito njira yayitali yothandizirana ndi amayi pakamwa, kugwiritsa ntchito ma diuretics ndi ma steroid (mwa amuna).

Mkhalidwe wa hyperglycemia umayamba ngakhale shuga wazomwe zimapezeka m'mimba yopanda kanthu zimaposa 6.7 mmol / l. Manambala opitilira 16 mmol / l akuwonetsa kuyambira kwa precoma, kupitilira 33 mmol / l - ketoacidotic chikomokere, pamtunda wa 45 mmol / l - hyperosmolar coma. Mikhalidwe yokhala ndi kutsekemera imawonedwa ngati yofunika, yofunikira chisamaliro chadzidzidzi.

Hypoglycemia imayamba ndi shuga wochepa kuposa 2.8 mmol / L. Ichi ndi chiwerengero chapakati, koma malire ovomerezeka amatha kusiyanasiyana mkati mwa 0.6 mmol / l mbali imodzi kapena ina.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuledzera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana (mowa wa ethyl, arsenic, mankhwala osokoneza bongo), hypothyroidism, kufa ndi njala, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso kungakhale zifukwa zazambiri zamagazi.

Dokotala yemwe akupezekapo ndiye "woyesa" wamkulu wa zizindikiro za glycemia ndi kusintha m'thupi

Pa nthawi ya bere, hypoglycemia imayamba. Amaphatikizidwa ndi kumwa kwa gawo la monosaccharide ndi mwana. Hyperglycemia pa nthawi ya pakati imawonetsa kukula kwa mawonekedwe a shuga (ofanana ndi pathogenesis kupita ku mawonekedwe osadziletsa a insulin ndipo amathandizidwa ndi kulolerana kwa shuga). Vutoli limasowa lokha mwana akangobadwa.

Zizindikiro za shuga zamagazi, komanso njira zina zowongolera odwala, ziyenera kuwunikira ndikusankhidwa ndi katswiri. Kutanthauzira moyenera kwa manambalawa kumatha kubweretsa kusamvetsetsa komwe kumakhala thanzi la munthu, kusangalala mopitirira muyeso, komanso kuyambitsidwa mosayembekezera kwa chithandizo chamankhwala ngati pakufunika.

Serum Glucose

Yang'anani! Kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira za mayeso ndicholinga chodziwikiratu, sikukuwonetsa ngati matenda ndipo sikulowa m'malo mwa kufunsa kwa dotolo. Mitengo yolozera imatha kusiyanasiyana ndi zomwe zikuwonetsedwa malinga ndi zida zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, zenizeni zikuwonetsedwa pafomu yazotsatira.

Kudziwitsa za matenda a shuga kungachitike ngati pakuchitika mayeso otsatirawa:

1. Kukhalapo kwa matenda azachipatala a matenda a shuga a mellitus (polyuria, polydipsia, kuchepa thupi) komanso kuwonjezereka kwachisawawa komwe kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a venous> 11.1 mmol / L.
2. Mukamayeza shuga wamagazi, kuthamanga kwa glucose m'madzi am'magazi a venous (osachepera maola 8 mutatha chakudya chomaliza)> 7.1 mmol / L.
3. Madzi a m'magazi am'madzi am'magazi a plasma patatha maola 2 mutatha shuga (75 g) -> 11.1 mmol / L.

Mu 2006, World Health Organisation (WHO) idalimbikitsa njira zotsatirazi zodziwira matenda ashuga ndi mitundu ina ya hyperglycemia (Gome 1).

Gome 1. Kuzindikira njira za matenda ashuga omwe amayesa magazi ndi shuga ndi mitundu ina ya hyperglycemia

• Matenda a shuga.
• Zilonda za chapakati mantha dongosolo (zoopsa, chotupa).
• Matenda owopsa a chiwindi.
• Thirotooticosis.
• Acromegaly.
• Matenda a Itsenko-Cushing.
• Pheochromocytoma.
• Pachimake ndi matenda kapamba.
• Khansa yapakansa.
• Zinthu zovuta.

• Hyperinsulinism.
• Hypothyroidism
• Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.
• Njala.

Glucose magazi amayesa chizolowezi

Kunyumba »Kuyesa kwa magazi» Kuyesa kwa magazi

Pofuna kupewa, kuwongolera komanso kuchiza matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyeza milingo ya shuga m'magazi.

Chizindikiro chofananira (mulingo woyenera) kwa onse ndi pafupifupi zofanana, sizimatengera jenda, zaka komanso mawonekedwe ena a munthu. Nthawi zambiri ndi 3.5-5,5 m / mol pa lita imodzi ya magazi.

Kusanthula kuyenera kukhala koyenera, kuyenera kuchitika m'mawa, pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ngati shuga ali m'magazi a capillary aposa 5.5 mmol pa lita imodzi, koma ali m'munsi mwa 6 mmol, ndiye kuti izi zimawoneka ngati malire, pafupi ndi chitukuko cha matenda ashuga. Kwa magazi a venous, mpaka 6.1 mmol / lita imadziwika.

Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia mu shuga zimawonetsedwa pakuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi, kufooka komanso kusazindikira.

Mutha kuphunzira momwe mungapangire ndikugwiritsa ntchito tincture wa walnuts omwe ali patsamba lino.

Zotsatira zake sizingakhale zolondola ngati munaphwanya chilichonse mukamapaka magazi. Komanso, kupotoza kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha nkhawa, kudwala, kuvulala kwambiri. Zikatero, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Ndi chiyani chomwe chimawongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi?

Homoni yayikulu yomwe imayambitsa kuchepetsa magazi ndi insulin. Amapangidwa ndi kapamba, kapenanso maselo ake a beta.

Mahomoni amalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga:

• Adrenaline ndi norepinephrine zopangidwa ndi adrenal glands.
• Glucagon, wopangidwa ndi maselo ena achilengedwe.
• Mahomoni a chithokomiro.
• "Lamula" mahomoni opangidwa mu ubongo.
• Cortisol, corticosterone.
• Zinthu zokhala ngati mahormoni.

Ntchito yamachitidwe amthupi mthupi imayang'aniridwanso ndi dongosolo la mantha amanjenje.

Pali mitsempha ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya glucose - otsika kwambiri amawonedwa kuyambira 3 a.m. mpaka 6 a.m., malinga ndi nthawi iyi kuti munthu wagona.

Nthawi zambiri, shuga wamagazi mwa amayi ndi abambo omwe amawunika muyezo sayenera kupitirira 5.5 mmol / l, koma pali kusiyana pang'ono pazaka, zomwe zikuwonetsedwa patebulo pansipa.

M'mabotolo ambiri, gawo la muyeso ndi mmol / L. Chipinda chinanso chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito - mg / 100 ml.

Kuti musinthe mayunitsi, gwiritsani ntchito formula: ngati mg / 100 ml ichulukitsidwa ndi 0.0555, mudzapeza zotsatira mmol / l.

Chikhalidwe cha shuga m'magazi mwa ana

Mchitidwe wamagulu a shuga wamagulu obadwa kumene mpaka zaka 1 ndi: kuyambira 2.8 mpaka 4,4 mmol pa lita, mwa ana osaposa zaka 5 - kuyambira 3.3 mpaka 5.0 mmol / l, mwa ana okulirapo, Zizindikiro ziyenera kukhala zomwezi monga akulu.

Ngati mayeso a mwana apitilira 6.1 mmol / L, muzochitika zotere, kuyesedwa kwa glucose kapena kusanthula kwamphamvu kwa glycosylated hemoglobin kumafunika.

Kuyesa kwa shuga m'magazi

M'm zipatala zambiri zapagulu ndi zipatala za boma, mutha kukayezetsa magazi. Asanagwire, zimayenera kutenga pafupifupi maola 8-10 chakudya chatha. Pambuyo pa kumwa plasma, wodwalayo ayenera kumwa magalamu 75 a shuga wosungunuka ndipo pambuyo maola 2 aperekanso magazi.

Zotsatira zimatengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha kulolerana kwa glucose ngati maola 2 atatha ndi 7.8-11.1 mmol / lita, kupezeka kwa shuga kumapezeka ngati kuli pamwamba 11.1 mmol / L.

Komanso Alamu izikhala yotsika ndi 4 mmol / lita. Zikatero, pamafunika kuwunika kokwanira.

Kutsatira zakudya zokhala ndi prediabetes kumathandiza kupewa zovuta.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a shuga chingaphatikizeponso njira zosiyanasiyana zofotokozedwera pano.

Chifukwa chomwe kutupa m'miyendo kumachitika m'matenda a shuga afotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.

Kuphwanya kulekerera kwa glucose sichiri matenda a shuga koma, amalankhula za kuphwanya mphamvu ya maselo kuti apange insulin. Ngati matendawa atapezeka pa nthawi yake, chitukuko cha matendawa chimatha kupewa.

Madzi a m'magazi a Plasma

Glucose ndi shuga wosavuta, hydrocarbon yayikulu yamagazi ndi gwero lalikulu lamphamvu yamaselo onse.

Synonyms Russian

Kuyesedwa kwa shuga m'magazi, shuga wamagazi, kuyesa kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ma SynonymsChingerezi

Shuga, magazi, magazi othamanga, FBS, shuga wamagazi, FBG, glucose wothamanga, glucose wamagazi, shuga wa mkodzo.

Njira yofufuzira

Enzymatic UV njira (hexokinase).

Mgwirizano

Mmol / L (millimol pa lita), mg / dl (mmol / L x 18.02 = mg / dl).

Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kafukufuku?

Mimba, magazi a capillary.

Momwe mungakonzekerere phunzirolo?

1. Osamadya kwa maola 12 musanayesedwe.
2. Chotsani kupsinjika kwakuthupi ndi kwamalingaliro mphindi 30 phunzirolo lisanachitike.
3. Osasuta kwa mphindi 30 musanapereke magazi.

Phunziro Mwachidule

Glucose ndi shuga wosavuta amene amateteza thupi kukhala gwero lalikulu lamphamvu. Zakudya zamafuta zomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito zimaphwanyidwa kukhala shuga ndi shuga ena osavuta, omwe amatengedwa ndi matumbo ochepa ndikulowa m'magazi.

Maselo ambiri amthupi amafuna glucose kuti apange mphamvu. Maselo aubongo ndi mitsempha safunikira monga gwero lamphamvu, komanso monga owongolera zochita zawo, popeza amatha kugwira ntchito pokhapokha magazi a m'magazi afika pamlingo winawake.

Thupi limatha kugwiritsa ntchito shuga chifukwa cha insulin, timadzi tomwe timatulutsa.

Imayendetsa kayendedwe ka glucose kuchokera m'magazi kupita m'maselo a thupi, ndikuwapangitsa kuti azisonkhanitsa mphamvu zochulukirapo monga malo osungirako kwakanthawi - glycogen kapena mawonekedwe a triglycerides aikidwe m'maselo a mafuta.

Munthu sangakhale opanda shuga komanso wopanda insulin, zomwe magazi amayenera kukhala olingalira.

Nthawi zambiri, shuga m'magazi am'magazi amawonjezeka pang'ono mutatha kudya, pomwe insulin yomwe imasungidwa imachepetsa chidwi chake. Mlingo wa insulini umadalira kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe watenga.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumatsika kwambiri, komwe kumatha kuchitika patatha maola angapo osala kudya kapena kugwira ntchito zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri, ndiye kuti glucagon (hormone ina yapachifuwa) imatulutsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo a chiwindi asinthe glycogen kukhala glucose, potero amachulukitsa zomwe zili m'magazi .

Kusunga shuga wamagazi ndikofunikira kwambiri. Njira ya glucose-insulin ikagwira ntchito moyenera, magazi a m'magazi amakhalabe okhazikika. Ngati kuchuluka kumeneku kwasokonekera ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakwera, thupi limafunafuna kuti libwezeretse, choyamba, ndikupanga insulini yambiri, ndipo chachiwiri, pochotsa shuga mumkodzo.

Mitundu yowonjezera ya hyper- ndi hypoglycemia (yowonjezera komanso kusowa kwa glucose) imatha kuwopseza moyo wa wodwalayo, ndikupangitsa kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo, kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndi chikomokere. Magazi okwera kwambiri amatha kuwononga impso, maso, mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, komanso mapangidwe amanjenje. Hypoglycemia wambiri ndiowopsa pakuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndi dongosolo lamanjenje.

Nthawi zina mwa amayi, matenda a shuga a hyperglycemia Akasiyidwa, zitha kupangitsa mayi kukhala ndi mwana wamkulu wokhala ndi shuga wamagazi. Chochititsa chidwi, mayi yemwe ali ndi vuto la hyperglycemia panthawi yapakati sangakhale ndi matenda ashuga pambuyo pake.

Kodi kafukufukuyu amagwiritsa ntchito chiyani?

Kuchuluka kwa shuga ndikofunikira pakuwonetsa matenda a hyper- and hypoglycemia ndipo, motero, pakupezeka kwa matenda a shuga, komanso pakuwunika kumene. Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kumatha kuchitika pamimba yopanda kanthu (pambuyo pa maola 8-10 osala kudya), mosadziletsa (nthawi iliyonse), mutatha kudya, amathanso kukhala gawo loyesedwa pakamwa pa glucose (GTT).

Ngati matenda a shuga atapezeka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwunikize kusala kudya kwa magazi ndi mayeso ololera a glucose. Komanso, pakutsimikizira komaliza za matendawa, kusanthula kuyenera kuchitidwa kawiri nthawi zosiyanasiyana.

Amayi ambiri oyembekezera amayesedwa ngati ali ndi matenda ashuga (mawonekedwe osakhalitsa a hyperglycemia) pakati pa sabata la 24 ndi 28 la mimba.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi awo kuti asinthe kuchuluka kwa mapiritsi ndi jakisoni wa insulin. Nthawi zambiri, zimafunikira kangapo patsiku kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwake kwa glucose omwe amapatuka pazomwe zimachitika.

Kuyeza kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga panyumba, monga lamulo, kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera - glucometer, momwe gawo loyesa ndi dontho la magazi lomwe m'mbuyomu limayikiralo limayikidwa.

Kodi kusanthula uku kukonzedwa liti?

• Kuunika kwa prophylactic kwa odwala osakayikira shuga, chifukwa shuga ndi matenda omwe amayamba ndi zizindikiro zazing'ono. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwunika kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lotenga matenda ashuga, ndi kuchuluka kwa thupi ndi iwo opitirira zaka 45.
• Pozindikira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a hyper- kapena hypoglycemia. Zizindikiro za hyperglycemia kapena shuga wambiri: ludzu lochulukirapo, kukodzanso kukodza, kutopa, kusawona bwino, kuchuluka kosavuta kwa matenda. Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia kapena shuga ochepa: kutuluka thukuta, kuchuluka kwa kudya, kuda nkhawa, kusawona bwino, kuwona bwino.
• Ndi kutaya chikumbumtima kapena kufooka kwambiri kuti mupeze ngati amayamba ndi shuga wochepa wamagazi.
• Ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda a prediabetesic (momwe ma glucose okhala ndi glucose amakhala apamwamba kuposa abwinobwino, koma otsika kuposa kwa odwala matenda ashuga), kuwunikirako kumachitika nthawi zonse.
• Kwa anthu omwe apezeka ndi matenda a shuga, kuyezetsa magazi m'magazi kumayikidwa limodzi ndi kuyesedwa kwa glycated hemoglobin (A1c) kuwunika kusintha kwa shuga wamagazi kwakutali.
• Nthawi zina, kuyesedwa kwa m'magazi a plasma kumatha kuchitika molumikizana ndi kuyesedwa kwa insulin ndi C-peptide kuyang'anira kupanga kwa insulin.
• Amayi oyembekezera nthawi zambiri amayesedwa matenda ashuga kumapeto kwa nthawi. Ngati mayi adapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga kale, ndiye kuti amayezetsa magazi mthupi lonse, komanso atabereka.

Zotsatira zake zikutanthauza chiyani?

Makhalidwe Abwino (Mtengo wamaguluu wamagazi)

Mwazi wamagazi

Kuphatikizika kwa shuga m'magazi a anthu ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri. Ndiye amene amapatsa madotolo lingaliro lakelo momwe wodwalayo amayambira komanso kupezeka kwa matenda mthupi. Mlingo wabwinobwino wa shuga mu seramu umatengedwa ngati chizindikiro kuyambira 3,3 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L. Ngati tizingolankhula mwapadera za chizolowezi cha shuga wamagazi, ndiye mu mwana ndi wamkulu chizindikiro ichi chidzakhala chimodzimodzi.

Limagwirira insulin kuti muchepetse magazi

Pali milandu yambiri yomwe kuchuluka komwe kumawonekera ngati koyenera. Izi zimawonedwa pa nthawi yoyembekezera, komanso matenda atatha kuchira. Nthawi zina shuga amatuluka chifukwa cha kupsinjika, kusuta, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kapena kusangalala. Zikatero, kudziunjikira kwa zinthu mokha kumabwerera kwazinthu pakapita maola ochepa, ndiye kuti sikutanthauza kulowererapo.

Mankhwala amakono ali ndi njira zingapo zodziwira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi am'magazi. Ngati mulingo ndi wokwera, muyenera kusintha kadyedwe ndikutsatira zakudya. Onetsetsani kuti mwasiya kudya zakudya zamafuta ndipo nthawi yomweyo onetsetsani zomwe zimachitika kapamba kuti musatenge shuga. Kuti muzindikire kuchuluka kwa glucose wathanzi labwino komanso panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati, magazi a venous amakokedwa.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi, monga lamulo, matenda a endocrine system, chiwindi, impso, kapamba ndi matenda a shuga. Mankhwala amathanso kukulitsa chiwonetsero, kapena m'malo mwake, Mlingo wawo wosalondola kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mankhwala oletsa kubereka pakamwa, komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Zizindikiro ndi zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli

Zizindikiro za shuga wam'magazi ndi awa:

• pakamwa mokhazikika
• Maonekedwe a zithupsa,
• kuyabwa
• kukodza pafupipafupi
• mkodzo wowonjezeka
• machiritso ofooka ndi okhalitsa
• kuwonda
• chilala chambiri,
• kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira
• kutopa ndi kufooka mthupi lonse.

Zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambazi zimatha kuchitika limodzi kapena mosiyana. Ngati mungawone mfundo ziwiri pamndandandawo, ndiye kuti ndi chifukwa chabwino kukaonana ndi dokotala ndi kukayezetsa.

Mankhwala amakono amatchula matenda angapo, chizindikiro chachikulu chomwe ndi shuga wambiri:

• matenda ashuga
• pheochromocytoma,
• thyrotoxicosis,
• Cushing's syndrome
• chilonda chachikulu komanso chamba
• zotupa mu kapamba,
• matenda amatsenga
• khansa ya chiwindi
• chiwindi.

Iliyonse mwa matendawa ndiyowopsa ndipo imatha kubweretsa zovuta zina, zomwe sizingatheke kuzipatula kunja kwa chipatala.

Zakudya zamagulu

Ngati shuga wanu wapezeka paliponse, muyenera kutsatira zakudya. Malangizo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatiridwa:

• chepetsani zopatsa mphamvu zonse za chakudya chomwe mumadya tsiku lonse,
• osatengera zakudya zomwe zili ndi chakudya chamafuta kwambiri,
• Idyani zamasamba atsopano ndi zipatso zomwe zili ndi mavitamini ambiri,
• samalani zakudya zowoneka bwino, idyani m'magawo ochepa a 5-6 patsiku,
• Osamadya kwambiri ndipo osagona ndi mimba yodzaza.

Mukapimidwa mozama, poganizira zaka zanu, kulemera ndi momwe thupi lanu lilili, dokotala adzakupatsani zakudya zomwe mungadye. Palibe chifukwa chomwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa mnzanu omwe ali ndi matenda omwewo. Zakudya zomwe zimamuthandiza zimatha kukuvulazani ndikuwonjezeranso vuto lanu.

Mkate Woyera ndi woletsedwa kwathunthu kwa matenda ashuga

Monga mukudziwa, glucose amalowa mthupi ndi chakudya, motere, komanso pofuna kuthana ndi munthu amene ali ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthuzi m'magazi, muyenera kukonza menyu tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuti muchepetse shuga, muyenera kusiyiratu zinthu monga izi:

• pasitala
• mikate yoyera
• vinyo ndi madzi otumphuka,
• mbatata.

Zakudya ziyenera kuphatikizapo zakudya zomwe zimathandizira kuziziritsa bwino:

Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya glucose

Kumbukirani kuti kuwunika kamodzi sikutanthauza chilichonse. Ngati matendawa atsimikiziridwa pakubwereza mobwerezabwereza, ayenera kuyamba kulandira chithandizo. Pazochitika zoyipa kwambiri, dokotala akupatseni mankhwala othandizira kuchepetsa magazi. Mwa mankhwala othandiza kuchepetsa shuga, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito izi:

Njira yoyendetsera ndi mlingo wake zikuwonetsedwa bwino ndi dokotala. Ndi zoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pamwena. Nthawi zina, kumwa mankhwala molakwika kungayambitse vuto lakumwa.