Kuyesa kwa magazi kwa glycated hemoglobin - kukonzekera, kugwira ntchito ndi kutsitsa

Glycated hemoglobin, kapena dzina lake lachiwiri, glycated hemoglobin, imadziwika kuti ndi gawo la hemoglobin lomwe limagwirizanitsidwa ndi glucose. Muyeso wake umapangidwa peresenti. Kwambiri shuga msika, kuchuluka kwa glycated hemoglobin. Dotoloyo akuwunikira kuwunika kwa omwe akuganiziridwa kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga. Zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo. Zimathandizira kuzindikira matendawa munthawi ndikuyamba chithandizo chanthawi yake kapena kusangalatsa wodwalayo pomuuza kuti ali bwino.

Kodi maubwino ake ndi chiyani:

Kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matendawa,
Simuyenera kuchita kugona kuti mukayesedwe.
Palibe zovuta kunama.
Ndiosavuta kuwongolera mankhwalawo,
Matenda osiyanasiyana am'mimba komanso matenda opatsirana samakhudza,
Kumwa mowa sikukhudza kudalirika kwa zotsatira,
Kumwa mankhwala sikungakhudze mwanjira iliyonse, pokhapokha ngati simunayesedwe.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumatha kutengedwa kuchokera kumitsempha kapena chala chilichonse nthawi iliyonse masana.

Momwe mungakonzekerere kusanthula

Pakuphatikiza magazi a hemoglobin wa glycated, palibe kukonzekera kwenikweni kofunikira. Koma, madokotala amalimbikitsa mwamphamvu kutenga m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu osachita masewerawa asanachitike. Zotsatira zakonzeka tsiku lotsatira.
Ngati sichoncho kalekale pomwe panali sampuli ya magazi kuti awonjezere magazi kapena kutaya magazi ambiri, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuchedwetsa kuthandizira kwa masiku angapo.

Chosangalatsa: mukamamwa magazi m'malo osiyanasiyana, zotsatira zake zimakhala zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kufufuza mu chipatala chimodzi chokha chotsimikiziridwa.

Kusanthula kumeneku kumakhalanso ndi zovuta:

Zokwera mtengo kwambiri.
Ngati wodwala ali ndi magazi m'thupi kapena hemoglobinopathy, ndiye kuti zotsatira zake sizingakhale zolondola.
Kupezeka kochepa. Sikuti zigawo zonse zadzikoli zili ndi chipatala chomwe amachitiramo.
Ngati nzika itenga vitamini C ndi B wambiri, zotsatira zake zitha kukhala zolakwika.

Malinga ndi madotolo, sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti amayi apakati apereke magazi a glycated hemoglobin, chifukwa mulingo wake ungasinthe mbali imodzi kapena inzake.

Kufotokozera kwa mfundo:

ngati hemoglobin ndi yotsika kuposa 5.7 peresenti, ndiye kuti ndi yachilendo ndipo kuzipereka nthawi zambiri sizikupanga nzeru, zidzakhala zokwanira kupereka kachiwiri patatha zaka zitatu,
ngati 5.7 - 6.4, ndibwino kupatsanso izo mchaka chimodzi, chifukwa mwayi ungakhale ndi matenda a shuga,
ngati osapitirira 7 - pali matenda ashuga, kuwunikanso kuyenera kuchitika pambuyo pa theka la chaka,
ngati opitilira 10, ndiye kuti chithandizo chamankhwala kuchipatala ndichofunikira.

Ngati chithandizo chinayambitsidwa osati kale kwambiri kapena njira yodulira matendawa idasintha, ndiye kuti kuwunika kuyenera kuchitika miyezi itatu iliyonse. Pakatha miyezi itatu kuchokera pakuyambiranso, ziwonekeratu kuti wodwalayo amatsatira zakudya kapena ayi. Ngati kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin kwatsika, ndiye kuti wodwalayo atsatira malangizo a dokotala. Ngakhale ndi kuchepa kwa gawo limodzi, moyo wa wodwalayo umawonjezedwa kwa zaka zingapo.

Ngati wodwalayo ndi wokalamba, ndiye kuti hemoglobin yokwera kuposa 7 peresenti imamuwona kukhala yabwinobwino kwa iye.
Zakudya zoyenera ndizofunikira kwambiri mu hemoglobin ya glycated
Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated, muyenera kuunika zakudya zanu.

Zakudya zomwe zimathandizira kuchepa kwa m'magazi a m'magazi:

Mitundu yambiri yamasamba ndi zipatso zomwe zimathandizira shuga m'magazi,
Mkaka ndi yogati, makamaka kwa odwala matenda a shuga a 2,
Nyama ndi nsomba, komanso mtedza, zomwe zimathandiza mtima komanso kutsitsa cholesterol,
Zipatso zomwe zimalowa m'malo okoma

Ndi zoletsedwa kotheratu kudya zakudya zamtundu wa koloko, ma hamburger, agalu otentha, tchipisi, chokoleti, makeke, ayisikilimu, wokazinga komanso wosuta. Ndikofunikira kumwa madzi ambiri owiritsa, omwe amalimbana ndi madzi osowa madzi ndikuwabwezeretsa shuga kukhala abwinobwino.

Malangizo owonjezera a odwala matenda ashuga:

Choyambirira chomwe chimatsitsa shuga bwino ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Koma kuphatikiza masewera angapo ndikofunikira, chifukwa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungachepetse hemoglobin kwakanthawi, ndipo kusambira kapena masewera othamanga kumapangitsa shuga kukhala okhazikika. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzichita homuweki pafupipafupi ndikukana kugwiritsa ntchito chikepe.

Chinthu chachikulu pakupereka chithandizo ndikuchotsa nkhawa. Ponseponse, ndikwabwino kusiya zinthu zopsinja: siyani kulumikizana ndi anthu osasangalatsa, siyani kubweza zochitika zosasangalatsa kuyambira kale m'mutu mwanu, ndi kusiya malingaliro achisoni. Ngati moyo woterowo ukupitilira, kulumpha kwambiri mu shuga kumachitika ndipo chithandizo chitha kuyambira pomwe. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi njira iyi ya moyo ndikosavuta kupeza matenda amtundu uliwonse wamtima, komanso kunenepa kwambiri.
Ndikwabwino kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu za masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kutaya koyenera zochitika zopsinjika. Kupatula apo, wodwala aliyense amakhala ndi machitidwe a thupi, chifukwa chake, chithandizo chimayikidwa mogwirizana ndi iwo.

Zomwe kusanthula kwa hemoglobin ya glycated zikuwonetsa. Momwe mungaperekere magazi a glycated hemoglobin?

Kodi glycated hemoglobin ndi chiyani? Kodi hemoglobin wa glycated wa ana, akulu ndi amayi apakati ndi otani?

Kodi tikudziwa chiyani pa nkhani ngati hemoglobin ya glycated? Chifukwa chiyani mayeso oterowo amaperekedwa? Kodi glycated hemoglobin amatanthauza chiyani? Momwe mungawerengere izi? Kodi hemoglobin wa glycated wa anthu osiyanasiyana ndi otani? Tiyesetsa kuthana ndi zonsezi munkhaniyi.

Kodi glycated hemoglobin amatanthauza chiyani?

Kodi glycated hemoglobin ndi chiyani?

Glycated hemoglobin kapena glycated hemoglobin amadziwika kuti ndi zomwe zimachitika ndi hemoglobin ndi glucose. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kwenikweni hemoglobin ndi puloteni, ndipo shuga ikagundana ndi mapuloteni otere amayamba kumumanga. Mankhwala okhudzana ndi izi amatchedwa glycated hemoglobin.
Mwazi ukamakula umakhala ndi hemoglobin yambiri poyerekeza ndi mapuloteni oyera a hemoglobin. Ndipo motero, mokulira shuga azikhala. Kuphatikiza apo, chizindikiro ichi sichikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi panthawi ya kafukufuku, koma m'miyezi itatu yapitayo
Glycated hemoglobin ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakupatsani mwayi kuti muzindikire shuga m'mayambiriro ake. Komanso, kuwunika koteroko kumatha kuwulula mkhalidwe wa prediabetes wa thupi.

Kukonzekera kwa glycated hemoglobin. Momwe mungatenge hemoglobin wa glycated?

Kukonzekera kwa glycated hemoglobin

Zizindikiro za kusanthula kotereku kungakhale zizindikiro zotsatirazi za matenda ashuga:

ludzu losalekeza komanso pakamwa louma
kukokoloka nthawi yayitali komanso pafupipafupi
kutopa
chilonda chachitali
matenda okhalitsa opatsirana
masomphenya akugwa

Ngati mungayang'anire shuga, magazi amayenera kutengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndiye kuti kupezeka kwa hemoglobin kwa glycated kumatha kuchokera kwa munthu wanjala komanso kuchokera kwa woyamwa bwino.

Kuti mukhale ndi chithunzi chodziwikiratu, mungapewe kudya musanawunike, koma sizofunikira.

Sipangakhale cholepheretsa kukayezedwa magazi pakuwunika uku komanso momwe wodwalayo alili, osaganizira kapena amisala. Mwanjira ina, ngakhale munthu atapanikizika, akudwala chimfine kapena kachilombo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amatenga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala, sanapatsidwe maphunziro a hemoglobin a glycated.

Kodi ndi kuti ndipo mungatenge kuti kuwunika kwa hemoglobin kwa glycated?

Mikhalidwe yotsatirayi yokha ya thupi la munthu imatha kuchepetsa pang'ono kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated:

kuchepa magazi
magazi ndi kutaya magazi ena
hemolysis

Kuyika magazi komanso kusowa kwachitsulo m'thupi la munthu kumatha kuwonjezera chizindikirochi.

Kuyesedwa kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumachitika bwino mu labotale yokhala ndi zida zatsopano. Ma labotorawa amapereka zotsatira zolondola.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti kuyezetsa magazi nthawi imodzi m'malo angapo ofufuza kungapereke zotsatira zosiyanitsa. Kusiyanaku kumafotokozedwa mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njira zofufuzira.
Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kumangoyesa mayeso mu labotale yotsimikiziridwa yomweyo
Kuyesereranso mobwerezabwereza kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo, makamaka miyezi itatu kapena inayi

Kusanthula kwa hemoglobin wa glycated. Glycated hemoglobin mwa amuna

Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated mwa amuna

Zotsatira za mayeso a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) zili ndi manambala omwe angadziwe komwe thupi la munthu limadwala matenda ashuga
Muyezo wa hemoglobin wa glycated kwa amuna ndi wofanana ndi muyezo womwewo wa chizindikiro
Ngati glycated hemoglobin pa kafukufuku ikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa anayi kapena sikisi, ndiye izi zikuwonetsa momwe thupi limakhalira
Ngati zisonyezozo zili pamtunda kuchokera pa zisanu ndi chimodzi mpaka theka la zisanu ndi ziwiri ndi theka, ndiye kuti munthu akhoza kumayikiridwa ndi boma la prediabetes. Komanso manambala oterewa amatha kuwonetsa kuchepa kwachitsulo.
Ngati hemoglobin ya glycated ichulukitsa kuchuluka kwa magawo 7 ndi theka, tinganene motsimikiza kuti munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga
Ngati HbA1C wodwalayo aposa magawo khumi, ndiye kuti chithandizo chovuta kwambiri chikuwonetsedwa

Glycated hemoglobin mwa ana

Mulingo wa glycated hemeglabine wa ana

Glycosylated hemoglobin wamba mwa ana ndiwofanana ndi wamkulu
Ngati HbA1C ya mwana ndiyoposa khumi peresenti, ayenera kulandira chithandizo mwachangu. Komabe, musamachite zinthu mopupuluma komanso mwachangu, popeza kuchepa kwambiri kwa hemoglobin yothamanga kumatha kugwetsa m'maso kwambiri.
Miyezi yambiri ya hemoglobin yokwera (oposa 7%) ingaganizidwe kwa okalamba okha

Glycated hemoglobin mwa amayi apakati

Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated mu amayi omwe ali ndi mwayi wosangalatsa amatha kusintha nthawi yonse yomwe ali ndi pakati, munjira ina kapena inzake. Zomwe zimadumphira pamenepa zitha kukhala:

chipatso chachikulu kwambiri (ma kilogalamu oposa anayi)
kuchepa magazi
kulephera kwa impso

HbA1C imakhazikika, nthawi zambiri imakhala nthawi yachitatu ya mimba.

Ngakhale kusamvana kotereku pamlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycated pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, kuzindikira kwake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti adziwe ngati mayi woyembekezera ali ndi vuto la matenda osokoneza bongo kapena mellitus weniweni.

Zomwe zimachitika kwa amayi apakati zimawerengedwa monga zisonyezo zonse zofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika kwa amayi apakati:

4-6% - njira za metabolic ndizabwinobwino, palibe shuga
6-7% - prediabetes boma likufuna kusanthula ndi kuwongolera mosalekeza
7-8% - shuga
Pamwambapa 10% - zovuta za shuga zomwe zimafunikira kulowererapo mwachangu

Kuyesa kwa magazi glycated hemoglobin decryption

Poona kufala kwa matenda ashuga, kutsimikiza mtima kwa shuga kukhala ntchito yofunikira mwachangu. Njira yokhayo yoyesera odwala, kuphatikizapo kutsimikiza kwa shuga mu seramu yamagazi, ndiyothandiza, koma satilola kunena kuti nthawi ya kafukufukuyu ilipo.

Zamkatimu:

Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kumakhala koyenera pokhapokha ngati pakufunika kuwunika glycemia pakadali pano, mwachitsanzo, ndi boma la hypoglycemic kapena kukula kwa ketoacidosis.

Kudziwa mtundu wa kagayidwe kazakudya kofunika kwambiri pamaso pa matenda ashuga, makamaka ndi matenda amtundu 1, omwe amakhudza achinyamata.

Kupatula apo, ndikusintha kosakwanira kwa insulin, zovuta za matenda a shuga zimatha, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa moyo ndi kulumala koyambirira.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuti mupeze chizindikiritso cha glycosylated ndi gawo lofunikira lofufuzira pofufuza matenda a shuga ndikukulolani kuti mupeze mayankho okwanira kwa chithandizo ndi zotsatira zake.

Glycosylated hemoglobin akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yonse yomwe ili m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi imagwirizana ndi molekyu ya glucose.

Mu shuga mellitus, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi (hyperglycemia) ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu cha mankhwala, motero mamolekyu a glucose amapanga gulu lamphamvu lamankhwala ndi mapuloteni a maselo ofiira a magazi.

Pulogalamuyi imatsimikiziranso kuti iwononge kuchuluka kwa chiphuphu cha matendawa ndikuyeneranso kukonzanso njira yochizira wodwala.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumaphatikizapo kutenga magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha yopingasa. Chifukwa chakuti glycated hemoglobin siziwonetsa nyengo panthawi yake, koma akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia m'masiku 120, palibe kukonzekera kwapadera phunzirolo. Palibe chifukwa chothana ndi mankhwalawa omwe atengedwa, m'malo mwake, izi zitha kupotoza zotsatira zake.

Kulemba zotsatira

Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi a glycated hemoglobin, komwe kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a wodwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga m'masabata 12 apitawa. Glycated hemoglobin imawonetsa momwe mankhwalawa amathandizira odwala.

Ngati munthu alibe matenda ashuga, ndipo kafukufukuyu anachitika pofuna kuzindikira, ndiye kuti hemoglobin ya glycated idzakhala yochepera 6%. Mlingo uwu umawonetsa kuti kagayidwe kazakudya kwa anthu nkabwinobwino, gawo la kumapeto kwa kapamba limagwira ntchito moyenera.

Ngati munthu wapezeka ndi matenda a shuga, koma mankhwalawa amachitika m'njira yoti chipukutiro cha matenda chikwaniritsidwe, hemoglobin ya glycated siyidutsa 7%. Ili ndiye mulingo woyenera kwambiri womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pochita chithandizo.

Ngati glycated hemoglobin imaposa 7-8%, ndiye kuti chiwopsezo chotenga matenda am'mbuyomu komanso mochedwa ndicholimba.

Odwala oterowo, kuwerenganso zamankhwala, kuwonjezera kwa mankhwala atsopano kapena kusamukira ku insulin chithandizo ndikofunikira.

Ngati kusintha kwa mankhwala a insulin kwachitika, ndiye kuti nthawi yoyamba kuwongolera glycemia ndiyofunikira podziyang'anira nokha, ngati chithandizo chikuchitika kuchipatala, kuyezetsa magazi kwa glucose.

Glycated hemoglobin imatha kuchepetsedwa ndi zochitika pafupipafupi za hypoglycemic, zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, kudumpha chakudya kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo a exulin. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, phunzitsani wodwalayo malamulo azakudya, muchepetse insulin.

Zotsatira zikakhala zopanda kusintha

Glycated hemoglobin imagwirizanitsidwa mosaletseka ndi maselo ofiira a m'magazi chifukwa hemoglobin imapezeka m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, pamene moyo wa erythrocyte umatha, mapuloteni ake amawonongeka. Nthawi zambiri, maselo ofiira amakhala m'magazi kwa masiku 120.

Ngati nthawi imeneyi imachepetsedwa chifukwa cha matenda osiyanasiyana a m'magazi, ndiye kuti kuyezetsa magazi m'magazi a hemoglobin sikungakhale kolondola.

Mulingo wambiri wabodza umapezeka pamaso pa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi pachakudya komanso ndulu yakutali (mbiri ya splenectomy).

Glycosylated hemoglobin imalola kuti endocrinologist adziwe ngati mtundu wokwanira wa mankhwala waperekedwa kwa wodwala kapena ngati pakufunika kuwongolera. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kuyenera kuchitika nthawi imodzi m'miyezi 3-4.

Ngati zotsatirapo zake sizikukondweretsa, kuyezetsa magazi kwa glycemia kuyeneranso kuyang'aniridwa pambuyo pochiritsa. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amayeneranso kuyang'anira pawokha glycemia, chifukwa pamakhala zida zapadera - glucometer. Amakonzedwa mophweka, ngakhale wokalamba amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta.

Kuti mudziwonetsetse, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mita katatu patsiku kwa matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga ndi nthawi 1 patsiku kwa mtundu 2 wa shuga, malinga ngati chindapusa chofunikira cha kagayidwe kazachilengedwe chimatheka.

Kutengera malamulo oyenera azikhalidwe, kuwongolera mokwanira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino, kupewa mapangidwe ambiri omwe amakwaniritsidwa, omwe amalola odwala matenda ashuga kusungabe mphamvu ndi kuthekera kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kusanthula kukonzekera liti?

Malinga ndi malangizo a WHO, kuwunika kwa hemoglobin ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri yofufuzira matenda a shuga a endocrine.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtunduwu amathandizidwa kuti awonenso zam'magazi kamodzi pa kotala.

Ndikofunika kuyang'anira zotsatira za kusanthula kwamphamvu, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuyesa mayeso mu labotale yemweyo, popeza m'magulu osiyanasiyana zotsatira zimatha kukhala zosiyana.

Komanso, mtundu uwu wowunikira umapangidwira odwala omwe akuyembekezeredwa, ngati wodwalayo ali ndi zizindikiro zingapo komanso zodandaula zomwe zimayambira matendawa.

Kukayikira kwa matenda ashuga kumachitika ngati wodwala:

kamwa yowuma
ludzu
kutopa,
kutulutsa ndi kukodza pafupipafupi,
mabala amachiritso aatali
kuchuluka kwa matenda,
kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe.

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani?

Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yocheperako kumatha kupezeka mwa odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri yachilendo ya hemoglobin ndi maselo ofiira a m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, kutsika kwa chizindikiritso pakuwunikaku kudzakhala mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ofola ngati maselo ofiira a magazi. Mlingo wa hemoglobin wa glycosylated udzachepetsedwa ndi hypoglycemia, hemolysis, kuchepa kwa magazi, komanso kuchepa kwambiri kwa magazi.

Ndipo mosinthanitsa - hemoglobin HbA1c idzachulukitsidwa ndi kuthiridwa magazi kwaposachedwa komanso kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Kuyika magazi kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa HbA1c, chifukwa magazi amadzimadzi amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kusanthula kwa HbA1c sikuwonetsa kusintha kwakuthwa m'magazi. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ochita kuleza, kuyesaku sikumawonetsanso kusinthasintha kwa shuga.

Glycated hemoglobin magazi mayeso: zolembedwa

Kuyeserera kwa ma labotale kumathandizira munthawi yochepa komanso modalirika kumathandizira kudziwa matenda owopsa mthupi la munthu ndikuwapatsa chithandizo choyenera. Ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amadziwa kafukufuku monga kuyezetsa magazi kwa glycated hemoglobin.

Hemoglobin ndi puloteni yapadera, ndi gawo lamapuloteni azinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi kayendedwe kazinthu.

Zomwe zimalumikizana ndi mamolekyulu a okosijeni, hemoglobin imabweretsa kumaselo a magazi, imatenga nawo gawo limodzi pakupulumutsidwa kwa kaboni dayokisi kuchokera kuzinthu.

Masiku ano, mitundu yambiri ya hemoglobin imadziwika, hemoglobin A ambiri pakati pawo, imakhala pafupifupi 95% ya hemoglobin yonse m'magazi. A-hemoglobin, imagawanika kukhala zigawo, imodzi mwa izo imatchedwa A1c.

Zomangira zosasinthika zimapangidwa mu hemoglobin wokhala ndi glucose, madokotala amatcha njirayi monga maillard reaction, glycation kapena glycation. Chifukwa chake, ngati hemoglobin ikakumana ndi glucose, imatchedwa glycated. Endocrinologists amalingalira chinthuchi kukhala chothandizira chachikulu pakuwunika kwa matenda ashuga komanso mavuto ena a metabolism ya carbohydrate.

Kutsitsa shuga m'magazi, kumachepetsa mayendedwe a glycation. Nthawi yayitali yogwira maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi pafupifupi miyezi itatu, ndiye kuti, mutha kutsata kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a nthawi imeneyi yokha. Mwanjira ina, kuwunika kwa hemoglobin wa glycated ndi mtundu wa chizindikiro cha "shuga" m'magazi.

Ndani amalimbikitsidwa kuti apange kusanthula

Kafukufuku wokhudza glycogemoglobin amafunikira kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi la munthu masiku oposa 120 apitawa.

Kuunikaku kungatchulidwe kovumbulutsidwa kwambiri pakati pa njira zina zofufuzira kuchuluka kwa magazi a glycemia.

Ndizothandiza kwambiri kuposa kuyesa magazi, zomwe zimawonetsa thupi pakanthawi kochepa - panthawi yopereka zinthu zachilengedwe.

Pali chikhalidwe chotsimikizika cha sayansi cha glycated hemoglobin kwa anthu opanda mbiri ya matenda ashuga, vuto la metabolic likasokonekera nthawi zambiri limadutsa kangapo. Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa glycation, kumakulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi ingapo yapitayo. Poterepa, mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta za matenda a shuga ukuwonjezeka.

Kuwunikira kwa glycated ndikofunikira kuti mawunikidwe okwanira a mankhwalawa agwiritsidwe ntchito, pamene glycogemoglobin sichepa, akukonzekera kusintha njira yochizira, m'malo mwake mankhwala omwe analimbikitsidwa, ndikuwunikanso zakudya.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za glycogemoglobin:

kufunikira kodziwitsa, kuwunika matenda ashuga,
kuyang'anira mosamalitsa mtundu wa chisamaliro cha matenda a shuga,
kuwunika kokwanira kwa amayi apakati kuti asatenge shuga,
kufunikira kwa zambiri.

Kukonzekera mayesowo

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda pamayendedwe Akusaka Osapezeka Kusaka sakupeza Kusaka sikupezeka

Dokotala wofunsayo akaunika mayeso a glycemia, ndikusintha momwe amathandizira, amamuwuza kuti ayesedwe magazi. Perekani chiwonetsero cha hemoglobin cha glycated, onetsani HbA1c molowera.

Ngati mayeso ena a shuga akuyenera kumwedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, magazi a hemoglobin a glycated amaloledwa kumwa nthawi iliyonse masana, zilibe kanthu kuti wodwalayo adatenga chakudya kale kapena ayi. Izi zilibe tanthauzo pa index ya glycemic.

Mtengo wapakati wowunikira umachokera ku ma ruble a 300 mpaka 1200 aku Russia; nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotheka kupatsanso kuwongolera kokha pamalipiro. M'dziko lathu, m'mabungwe azachipatala aboma, zida zapadera zowunikira sizimapezeka.

Muyeso wamwazi umatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha ya ana; 3 ml ya magazi a wodwalayo ndiwokwanira kuti azindikire. Kwa odwala ena, kupereka magazi ochuluka chotere kumatha kukhala kovuta:

Mitu yawo iyamba kupindika,
kunyansidwa pang'ono kumawonedwa.

Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo ayenera kuchenjeza wothandizira labotale kuti mwina pangafunike kukhala ndi ammonia.

Ngati madzulo a kusanthula kwa hemoglobin wa glycated, munthu amakhala wamanjenje, akamamwa mankhwala omwe waperekedwa, izi sizingawakhudze. Komabe, zochitika zopsinjika sizingachotse konse zolakwika ndi zolakwika za kusanthula. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa magazi, kusamba, kulemera kwa magazi komanso kuchepa kwa magazi m'magazi kungakhudze zambiri zomwe zapezeka.

Ngakhale ngati pazifukwa zina wodwalayo akufuna "kusintha" zotsatira zake kukhala zovomerezeka, sizingakhale zomveka kumamatira ku chakudya chochepa cha shuga, chifukwa izi sizingakhudze magazi.

Momwe mungakonzekerere? Maphunziro apadera samaperekedwa, muyenera kutsatira zakudya zomwe mumadya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kuwunikira kumapangidwira kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kwa masiku atatu, kutalika kwake, ndipo mtengo wa kafukufuku umadalira labotale, zida zake zaluso.

Zomwe zimachitika ndimunthu wathanzi

Muyezo wamagazi glycogemoglobin amatengedwa ngati peresenti kapena g / mol. Muyenera kudziwa kuti glycosylated hemoglobin imapezekanso m'mwazi wa anthu athanzi labwino, nthawi zambiri magawo ake amakhala 4 mpaka 6%. Mitundu yotchulidwa ndiyabwino kwambiri kwa anthu mosatengera zaka komanso jenda. Kupatuka kulikonse kumawonedwa ngati kuphwanya lamulo.

Zotsatira zake zikapezeka mgulu la magawo 5,7 mpaka 6.5%, kuphwanya kwa glucose kukapezeka, kukuwonjezereka kwa matenda ashuga. Manambala onse omwe ali pamwamba pa 6.5% amawonetsa chitukuko cha matenda ashuga.

Malinga ngati munthu sanapezeko matenda a shuga, mayeso a hemoglobin a glycated amafunikira ngati m'modzi wa abale ake ali ndi vuto la metabolic. Izi zimathandizira kuzindikira panthawi yake mavuto omwe angakhalepo mwaumoyo, kuyamba kulandira mankhwalawa kuti mupewe zovuta.

Pa nthawi yomwe mayi ali ndi pakati, azimayi amayendera matenda a glycosylated hemoglobin, kupatula matenda ashuga, izi ndizofunikira ngakhale pakalibe mavuto:

ndi kagayidwe
ndi shuga wamagazi ambiri.

Matenda a gestational ndi mtundu wapadera wa matenda ashuga, amayi apakati amatha kutenga matendawa. Madokotala amayanjana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda am'mimba ndi kukonzanso kwa mahomoni m'thupi, katundu wowonjezereka pazinthu zamkati ndi kapamba makamaka.

The placenta imapanga mahomoni, momwe amagwirira ntchito mosemphana ndi zotsatira za insulin, chifukwa chake, kusokonezeka kwa metabolic kumachitika mwa mayi ndi mwana.

Pangozi ndi azimayi oyembekezera omwe ali ndi vuto lotenga matenda ashuga, mitundu yambiri ya kunenepa kwambiri, polyhydramnios, polycystic ovary syndrome, mwana wosabadwa m'mbiri.

Mitundu ya glycogemoglobin ya matenda ashuga, zimayambitsa kupatuka

Matenda a shuga ndi njira yoyambira ya kagayidwe ka munthu, imadziwika ndi kusintha kwamasamba amwazi ndi kuwonjezereka kwa kuchuluka kwake. Matendawa amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusakwanira katulutsidwe ka mankhwala a insulin, polyuria, kusintha kwa mineral kapena mafuta metabolism.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga ziyenera kufunidwa m'mbuyomu matenda opatsirana, kunenepa kwambiri, chibadwa chovuta, zovuta zamalingaliro, zotupa zam'mimba za kapamba. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa matendawa, imakhala yachitatu pambuyo pa matenda a oncology ndi matenda a mtima. Matenda a shuga amakonda kwambiri azimayi opitirira zaka 40.

Kuchulukitsa kwa glycosylated hemoglobin kumalingaliridwa pamene zolembedwa za kusanthula zidawonetsa manambala kuyambira 5.9 mpaka 6%. Ndi chitsimikiziro cha matenda a shuga, chizindikiritso choyenera ndi 6.

5%, kuwonjezeka kwa 8% kapena kupitirira apo kukuwonetsa kuchepa mphamvu kwa mankhwalawo, kufunika kosintha kwamankhwala.

Kapangidwe ka glycogemoglobin kopitilira 12% ndi kowopsa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuchipatala kwakanthawi kuchipatala.

Monga momwe masewera amasonyezera, kutali ndi odwala onse, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated imafikira pa 6.5%, muzochitika zina zimakhala bwino kwambiri ngati chisonyezo chokwera pang'ono chapezeka.

Mwachitsanzo, lamuloli ndilothandiza kwa okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda othandizira.

Ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa glycogemoglobin, amatha kuyamba hypoglycemia ndi zovuta zonse komanso zotsatirazi.

Mukuyenera kudziwa kuti matenda a shuga a woyamba kapena wachiwiri sikuti nthawi zonse amayambitsa kusintha kwa mayeso a glycosylated hemoglobin. Nthawi zambiri, mayesowa akuwonetsa kukwezedwa kwa zovuta zamatenda monga izi:

pachimake ndi matenda aimpso kulephera,
kusintha kwa kapamba,
kuchepa kwazitsulo
opaleshoni yochotsa ndulu.

Ngati glycosylated hemoglobin imakwezedwa mwa mwana m'miyezi yoyambirira ya moyo, ndiye kuti izi ndi zofunikira kwambiri. Pofika chaka, hemoglobin wa fetal nthawi zambiri imachepetsedwa.

Zomwe zimachepetsa glycogemoglobin

Ndikulakwitsa kuganiza kuti hemoglobin yokwezeka yokha yokhayo yomwe ili yoopsa. Kutsika kwa chinthu ichi ndi umboni wa kusokonezeka m'thupi, ngakhale izi sizipezeka kawirikawiri.

Kuchepetsa hemoglobin yafupika imatha kukhala chifukwa cha hypoglycemia yomwe imakhala nthawi yayitali, kubisalira kwambiri kwa maselo ofiira am'magazi (a m'magazi ofiira) mthupi ndikusokoneza dongosolo la hematopoietic. Kuphatikiza apo, ziwerengero zochepa zimalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa magazi kwaposachedwa, pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni ndi kuvulala.

Zimachitika kuti kusintha kwa ndende ya shuga kumayambitsidwa ndi matenda omwe maselo ofiira am'magazi (hemolytic anemia) amawonongeka, ndi kulephera kwa chiwindi ndi impso, ma pathologies a kapamba.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa shuga ochepa (mkhalidwewu umatchedwanso hypoglycemia mu shuga mellitus) kumatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, zomwe mwa izi:

kuwonongeka kwamawonekedwe
kugwira ntchito kwambiri,
kugona
kukomoka
zovuta zamitsempha.

Muzochitika zazikulu kwambiri, zotsatira zowopsa ndizotheka, kotero muyenera kuperekera magazi nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mukafufuze, kuti mudziwe zomwe kusanthula kukuwonetsa, momwe mungaperekere moyenera, zomwe mungachite kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino.

Momwe mungachepetse glycated hemoglobin

Kutsitsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumakhudzana mwachindunji ndi kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ngati glucose ikuzungulira m'magazi pang'ono, ndiye kuti glycemic hemoglobin idzakhala yotsika.

Kupangitsa hemoglobin A kukhala yabwinobwino, amafunika kutsatira malangizo a dokotala, kuti akwaniritse nthawi yake yonse. Choyamba, lamuloli ndikutsatira zakudya zama carb zotsika (chakudya chimayendetsedwa, kuwotcha kapena kuwiritsa), dongosolo lapadera la kugona, ntchito ndi kupumula.

Ndikofunika kuti musanyalanyaze kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, kumwa mankhwalawa panthawi komanso kumwa jakisoni wa insulin.

Tsiku lililonse muyenera kudzipenda nokha kuti mupeze shuga, kunyumba muyenera kukhala ndi glucometer yabwino, kudziwa momwe mungatengere, momwe zitsanzo zachilengedwe zimakhalira, momwe shuga ya magazi imasonyezedwera.

Ma glucometer amakono ndi ulonda wa odwala matenda ashuga amasanthula magazi m'masekondi angapo.

Muyenera kuyendanso ndi dokotala. Ngati kusanthula kwaperekedwa molingana ndi malamulo onse, izi zimakupatsani mwayi wofufuza shuga popanda zolakwika ndikuchitapo kanthu ngati pakufunika.

Momwe mungasinthire za hemoglobin wa glycated afotokozera katswiri mu kanemayu.

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda pamayendedwe Akusaka Osapezeka Kusaka sakupeza Kusaka sikupezeka

Glycated hemoglobin kusanthula kolondola ndi njira zoperekera magazi

Kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga kumathandizira kuyambitsa chithandizo musanafike zizindikiro zazikulu ndi zovuta. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumatsimikiza kuchuluka kwa glycemia, ngakhale ngati maphunziro a shuga akusala sanazindikire zovuta.

Kukonzekera kafukufuku waku labotale

Momwe mungakonzekerere kuyezetsa magazi kwa glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C)? Phunziroli silifuna kukonzekera mwapadera. Muziperekanso nthawi ina iliyonse masana, ngakhale chakudya. Zotsatira zake sizimakhudzidwa ndi chimfine, matenda a virus, nkhawa zam'mbuyomu komanso zakumwa zoledzeretsa zomwe mumamwa dzulo.

Kuwunika kwa glycosylated hemoglobin m'magazi kumalimbikitsidwa kuti azitenga kamodzi pachaka kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo: odwala omwe amakhala ndi moyo wokhazikika ndipo amakhala ndi chibadwa champhamvu, onenepa kwambiri, osuta fodya kapena mowa. Phunziroli ndilothandiza kwa azimayi omwe adadwala matenda ashuga panthawi ya pakati.

Kodi kukonzekera kusanthula kwama biochemical kwa glycated hemoglobin ndi kotani? Amapereka magazi, mosasamala nthawi yatsiku kapena nthawi yakudya. Mankhwala kapena zovuta zilizonse zimakhudza zotsatira zake. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuchita njirayi pafupipafupi, mosasamala kanthu kuchuluka kwa chiphuphu.

Kusanthula kwa HbA1C

Momwe mungayesere hemoglobin ya glycated (glycosylated)? Pofufuza, magazi amatengedwa kukhala capillary (kuchokera pachala). Nthawi yosankhidwa masana ndi m'mawa. Chofunikira: musanapite ku labotale, siyani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Zotsatira zakonzeka tsiku lotsatira.

Kusanthula kwa hemoglobin wa glycated:

Ngati chisonyezocho chikuposa 6.5%, dziko loyambirira limapezedwa. Kuchiza moyenera nthawi yake kumapewetsa matendawo kapena kuchedwetsa kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuti mutsimikizire matendawa, kuyesa kwina kwa glucose kumachitika.
Zotsatira zapakati pa 6.1-6.5% zikuwonetsa kuti palibe matenda ndi momwe zidalili, koma pali chiwopsezo cha chitukuko chake. Odwala amalangizidwa kuti azichita zolimbitsa thupi, achepetse thupi komanso asinthe zakudya, azichotsa zomanga thupi komanso mafuta a nyama.
Odwala omwe ali ndi zotsatira za 5.7-6.0% ali pachiwopsezo. Amalangizidwa kuti asinthe moyo wawo, asinthe kukhala ndizolimbitsa thupi, komanso azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Yankho la 4.6-55.7% limatanthawuza kuti munthuyo ndi wathanzi, kagayidwe kake mthupi lake sikhala operewera.

Momwe mungayesedwe glycated hemoglobin? Kodi akuwonetsa chiyani? Kodi zotsatira zake zimadziwika bwanji? Phunziroli limatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa kubwezeredwa kwa matendawa ndikuyenerera kwa kusintha kwa mankhwalawo poyankha kosakhutiritsa. Mtengo wabwinobwino ndi 5.7-7.0%; kwa anthu okalamba, kuwonjezera kwa 8.0% ndikuloledwa. Kwa ana ndi amayi apakati, zotheka ndizo 4,6-6.0%.

Kuwongolera kwa glycemia kwa wodwala ndi gawo lofunikira la chithandizo, chifukwa nthawi zambiri kukwezedwa kwa shuga kapena kulumpha mu shuga kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa. Kuchepa kwa shuga kumachepetsa zovuta za 30-30%.

Kodi kuwunika kwa HbA1C kulondola?

Kodi kuwunika kwa ma hemoglobin a glycated ndi kotani? Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia kwa miyezi itatu, koma sikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chizindikiro mu nthawi iliyonse. Kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi kowopsa kwa wodwalayo, chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera magazi a capillary pamimba yopanda kanthu, imwani ndi glucometer m'mawa, musanadye komanso musanadye.

Ngati mukukonzekera, kusanthula kwa glycosylated hemoglobin kumawonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu kwa kukhala ndi matenda ashuga, pangani mayeso a insulin. Zolinga zikuluzikulu za mankhwalawa ndi matenda a metabolism, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti minofu ipange mapuloteni, kubwezeretsa magwiridwe antchito.

Zabwino ndi zoyipa zakafukufuku wa labotale

Kusanthula kwa HbA1C kumaperekedwa popanda kukonzekera koyambirira. Akuyerekezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu, ndikupatsa mwayi wazomwe matendawa angayambire.

Zotsatira zakuwunikirazi zitha kuwonetsa kusayenda bwino kwa mankhwalawa komanso kufunika kosintha mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, kusintha mlingo wa insulin. Chimodzi mwazabwino zawo ndikuyankha mwachangu komanso momveka bwino.

Choyipa chachikulu ndi mtengo wokwera. Si mzinda uliwonse womwe uli ndi ma labotale omwe amafufuza za HbA1C. Pali zinthu zosokoneza, chifukwa - zolakwa pama mayankho.

Kodi ndiyenera kumwa HbA1C panthawi yapakati?

Matenda a shuga kwa amayi apakati ndi matenda owopsa omwe amayambitsa mavuto akulu kwa mayi ndi mwana wosabadwayo. Chifukwa chake, kuyang'anira glycemic ndi njira yovomerezeka panthawi yobala mwana. Shuga wapamwamba amatsogolera kubadwa kovuta, kukula kwa khanda lalikulu, kusokonezeka kwa kubereka, ndi kufa kwa makanda.

Kuyesedwa kopanda magazi m'mimba pa pathology kumakhalabe kwachilendo, shuga amadzuka pambuyo chakudya, ndipo kuphatikiza kwake kwakukulu kumapitirira kwa nthawi yayitali. Kafukufuku wokhudza HbA1C ndiwosagwira kwa amayi oyembekezera, popeza amalola kupeza deta m'miyezi itatu yapitayo, pomwe matenda ashuga amayamba kumachitika pakatha milungu 25 ali ndi pakati.

Onani glycemia poyesa shuga mukatha kudya. Kusanthula kumachitika motere: mzimayi amatenga magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, kenako apereke shuga kuti amwe ndikuwunika pambuyo pa maola 0,5, 1 ndi 2. Zotsatira zimazindikira momwe shuga imakhalira komanso momwe imabwerera mwachangu. Ngati kupatuka kwapezeka, chithandizo ndi mankhwala.

Kafukufuku wa glycated amayenera kuchitika kangati

Anthu athanzi opitirira zaka 35 amalimbikitsidwa kuti azichita njirayi kamodzi pazaka zitatu, pomwe ali pachiwopsezo - kamodzi pachaka.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe amayang'anira glycemia ndipo amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino za HbA1C ayenera kuperekedwa kamodzi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kwa odwala omwe sangathe kuwongolera matenda ashuga ndikulipirira, kafukufuku ayenera kuchitidwa miyezi itatu iliyonse, kuwonjezera kuwunika momwe shuga akuwonjezerera ndi glucometer.

Kusanthula kwa labotale kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumathandizira kuzindikira matenda ashuga kumayambiriro ndikuyambitsa chithandizo panthawi.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe akupezeka, kuwunikaku kumakuthandizani kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa momwe amathandizira kuthana ndi matenda, ngakhale pali njira yeniyeni kuchokera ku chithandizo chomwe akutenga kapena ngati pakufunika kuwongolera.

Chitani kafukufuku pa HbA1C m'makliniki akulu kapena ma labotale apadera.

Kusanthula kwa glycated hemoglobin: kufunika, kutsatsa, muyezo

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala ndi moyo wosiyana ndi anthu athanzi. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kupangika kwa insulini ya mahomoni m'thupi, amapitilira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kutsatira zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kumwa mankhwala.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa shuga pamlingo wotani pakanthawi kochepa, ndikosavuta kudziwa pozindikira kuchuluka kwa shuga mu seramu yamagazi. Ndipo ngati mungayang'anire kukayang'ana zamankhwala am'magazi, mutha kudziwa zambiri za shuga m'miyezi itatu. Nthawi imeneyi imachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira, omwe ali pafupifupi masiku 120. Chizindikiro chofunikira ichi chimatchedwa glycated hemoglobin.

Mukakhala kuti ndi wamkulu, ndiye kuti amatha kuchita matenda ashuga komanso zovuta zake.

Glycated hemoglobin assay: maphunziro opindulitsa

Mtengo wofotokozedwa umasonyezedwa ndi HbA1C ndipo amayeza peresenti. Zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin, mwa glycation (zochita zopanda ma enzymes), yomwe imalumikizidwa mosagwirizana ndi mamolekyulu a glucose omwe ali m'maselo ofiira a magazi. Chifukwa chake, shuga ochulukirapo m'thupi, amakhala ndi chidziwitso chochulukirapo.

Glycated hemoglobin amawonetsa shuga wamba wamagazi kwakutali (mpaka miyezi itatu)

Kuyesedwa kwa labotale kumakupatsani mwayi kuti muzindikire matenda ashuga koyambirira, chitanipo kanthu pakanthawi ndikuletsa chitukuko cha matendawa. Kuchuluka kwa glycogemoglobin kumatsimikizira ngati chithandizo cha matenda ashuga chakhala chikuyenda bwino m'miyezi itatu yapitayo. Kutengera ndi kafukufukuyu, katswiriyo amakonzanso njira ina yochizira, mankhwala a insulin kapena mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, amapanga malingaliro pazakudya.

Mapindu a kafukufukuyu ndi awa:

zitha kuchitika nthawi ina iliyonse masana, mosasamala kanthu za kudya kapena zochita zolimbitsa thupi,
iyi ndi njira yophunzitsira kwambiri kudziwa matenda a shuga kuyambira pachiyambire ngakhale chiyembekezo cha matenda,
imakupatsani mwayi wofufuza deta pakadutsa miyezi itatu yochizira matendawa,
matenda obwera ndi mabakiteriya kapena ma virus samakhudza zotsatira.

Zisonyezero zosankha kuyesedwa kwa magazi a glycated hemoglobin

ngati mukukayikira matenda ashuga
kuwunika momwe mankhwalawa amathandizira.
monga ulamuliro wa amayi apakati,
pa matenda a kagayidwe kagayidwe kachakudya ana osagwirizana ndi misulin,
kupatula kapena kutsimikizira kukhalapo kwa zotupa za adrenal, pathologies a chiwindi, matenda amtundu.

Mayeso a hemoglobin a glycated amaperekedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga

Zomwe zingakhudze kudalirika kwa zotsatira.

Kudalirika kwa zosowa kumakhudzidwa ndi imfa isanakwane ya maselo ofiira amwazi ambiri. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri pambuyo povulala kwambiri ndikataya magazi, kuthiridwa magazi, kulowererapo kwa opaleshoni, nthawi zambiri kwa atsikana nthawi yakusamba.

Pankhani ya kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, zotsatira za kuwunika kwa hemoglobin wa glycated, monga lamulo, sizodalirika.

Mukakhala ndi mwana, zotsatira zabodza zimatha kupangitsa magazi kuchepa, motero ndikofunikira kuyendetsa shuga. Nthawi zina, HbA1C simakwezeka chifukwa cha shuga, koma ndi kupanga chithokomiro cha chithokomiro chotsika.

Nthawi zambiri, mwa anthu okalamba, kuwonjezeka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated mpaka 8% ndizovomerezeka. Ndipo mwa amayi apakati komanso oyembekezera, ana ndi achinyamata, amachokera ku 5-6,5%.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi Zizindikiro za kuchuluka ndi kuchepa

Chomwe chimapangitsa kukula kwa hemoglobin A1C ndikuwonjezereka kwa shuga kwa magazi, komwe kumachitika shuga. Koma zimapangidwanso ndi zinthu zosagwirizana ndi shuga:

kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, magazi atachepa,
Kuchotsa ndulu, komwe kumapangitsa kuti moyo wa maselo ofiira uwonjezeke.
kuledzera kwadongosolo (poyizoni ndi mowa, mchere wamchere).

Munthu amatha kusokonezeka mtima, kufooka, kufooka, komanso kukula kwa chiwindi.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kuli motere:

kapamba,
mankhwala osokoneza bongo ochepetsa shuga,
kuvutitsidwa kwa zakudya zama carb ochepa,
cholowa m'malo obadwa nacho,
kutopa kwa thupi, kutopa kwambiri.

Kupweteka kwam'mutu komanso kupweteketsa mtima, kutopa kwambiri, kusowa chidwi, kufooka.

Kodi ndikupatuka kotani kwa zomwe zimachitika kale?

Matenda a shuga ndi osachiritsika, ndiye cholinga chamankhwala ndikulipiritsa. Ndiye kuti, pafupi ndi nthawi yokhazikika komanso yokhazikika ya shuga m'magazi. Kukumana kwa hemoglobin ya glycated sayenera kupitirira 7%, ngakhale wodwalayo ayenera kupitiliza kuyesetsa kufikira chizindikiro cha 4.6%. Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwopsezo kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha zovuta.

Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga:

40% - nephropathy (kuwonongeka kwa impso),
35% - retinopathy (kuwonongeka kwa retina),
30% - neuropathies (vuto lamanjenje lamanjenje).

Ndi matenda a shuga a 2:

35% - kusintha kwamatumbo m'matumbo (atherosulinosis, mtima kulephera),
25% zotsatira zakupha kuchokera pamavuto,
18% kugunda kwamtima
mwa 7% - kufa kwathunthu.

Hypoglycemia - hemoglobin wotsika kwambiri

Hemoglobin wotsika kwambiri amadziwika kuti hypoglycemia. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana kupezeka kwa zotupa za pancreatic. Vutoli nthawi zambiri limatsatiridwa ndikutulutsidwa kwa insulin yowonjezera, chifukwa chomwe shuga imacheperanso. Izi zitha kubweretsa mavuto.

kuphwanya adrenal ntchito,
kukula kwa majini (Gerza, von Girke, tsankho la fructose).

Njira zochepetsera milingo ya glycogemoglobin

Mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ngakhale kuchepa 1% kwa HbA1C kumatha kuwonjezera zaka zingapo moyo. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukwaniritsa izi mwa njira iliyonse. Chingakhale cholondola kwambiri kukaonana ndi dokotala yemwe angakupatseni malangizo oyenerera, ndipo mwina angakupatseni mankhwala.

Kuti magawo a hemoglobin asinthe, ndikofunikira kusintha zakudya:

Phatikizani masamba, zipatso ndi zipatso, mafuta ambiri, ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhazikitsa shuga mumenyu:
- nthochi
- sitiroberi
- mapeyala
- broccoli
- tsabola wofiyira
- adyo
- nyemba
- oatmeal
- chinangwa.
Imwani ma yoghurts, mkaka wophika wokonzedwa kuti musinthe ma peristalsis komanso kutsata matumbo pafupipafupi, kuchepetsa kulemera, ndikuyambiranso vitamini D ndi calcium.
Pali chakudya chamagulu a omega-3 acid omwe amathandiza kuti mtima wawo uzigwira ntchito:
- nyama yokonda
- nsomba zam'nyanja
- mitundu yonse ya mtedza
- mpendadzuwa.
Onjezani sinamoni ku chimanga ndi zakumwa, zomwe zimawonjezera kukana (insulin kukana).
Onani makhwala akumwa. Pewani kuchepa madzi m'thupi. Madzi oyeretsedwa kapena osagwiritsa ntchito mafuta am'migodi amathandizira kupewa kuchuluka kwa shuga.
Pewani kwathunthu chakudya:
- shuga
- mankhwala a ufa
- chokoleti
- mafuta komanso okazinga,
- chakudya chofulumira
- koloko.

Onetsetsani kuti mulibe thupi ndi mzimu, kuti HbA1C ichepe:

yendani kwambiri
pitani mukasambe
Pitani kumalo olimbitsa thupi
phunzirani kupumula, pewani zochitika zovuta. Kusinkhasinkha ndi yoga kumathandiza kwambiri.

Zinthu zomwe zimasintha mtundu wa hemoglobin wa glycated - gallery

Chaposachedwa, kufufuzidwa kwa matenda a shuga mellitus kumamveka kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri amalimbikitsa mwamphamvu kuti ngakhale anthu athanzi labwino amasanthula hemoglobin wa glycated kamodzi pachaka.

Izi ndizovuta kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga pakati pa abale awo amwazi. Ngati matendawa azindikiridwa pa nthawi yake, ndiye njira zodzitetezera zingatengedwe kuteteza kupitilira kwake.

Kupatula apo, ngati chithandizo ndi zakudya zimasankhidwa moyenera, matendawa amasungidwa pogwira ntchito ndi moyo wabwino amakhala abwino.

Glycated hemoglobin - ndi chiyani?

Mawu akuti glycated, kapena monga amatchedwanso glycated hemoglobin, amawerengedwa kuti ndi gawo la protein iyi ndi glucose (GLU). Ma mamolekyulu a Hemoglobin (Hb) ndi amodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi - maselo ofiira amwazi. Glucose imalowa mkati mwa membrane wawo, ndikuphatikizana ndi hemoglobin, ndikupanga glycogemoglobin (HbA1c), ndiye gulu la Hb + GLU.

Izi zimachitika popanda kutenga nawo michere, ndipo umatchedwa glycation kapena glycation. Kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated m'magazi, mosiyana ndi glucose yaulere (yopanda malire), ndi mtengo wosasintha. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwa hemoglobin mkati mwa matupi ofiira. Nthawi yayitali yokhala ndi maselo ofiira a m'magazi ndi pafupifupi miyezi 4, kenako amawonongedwa pamkaka wofiira wa ndulu.

Kuchuluka kwa glycation kumadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ambiri a glycogemoglobin. Ndipo popeza maselo ofiira amakhala ndi moyo kwa masiku 90-120, ndi nzeru kuchita kuyezetsa magazi glycated osatinso kotala. Ndikukonzekera kuti mayeso amawonetsa pafupifupi shuga watsiku ndi tsiku omwe amapezeka miyezi itatu. Pambuyo pake, maselo ofiira amwazi adzasinthidwa, ndipo mawonekedwe ake adzawonetsa kale zomwe zili m'magazi - glycemia masiku 90 otsatira.

Zizindikiro zachilendo za HbA1

Miyezo ya hemoglobin yokhala ndi glycated enieni kwa anthu odwala matenda a shuga amatha kusiyana 4 mpaka 6%. Choyimira chimawerengeredwa ndi kuchuluka kwa HbA1c mpaka kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa maselo ofiira amwazi m'magazi, chifukwa chake, akuwonetsedwa ngati peresenti. Chikhalidwe cha chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa kagayidwe kokwanira ka chakudya mu nkhaniyi.

Kuphatikiza apo, izi ndizofunikira kudziwa momwe anthu onse aliri, osawagawa pamsinkhu ndi msambo. Chikhalidwe chopanga matenda a shuga chimawonedwa mwa anthu okhala ndi index ya HbA1c ya 6.5 mpaka 6.9%. Ngati maulalo apitilira chizindikiro cha 7%, izi zikutanthauza kuphwanya kusinthana, ndipo kulumpha kumachenjeza za mkhalidwe wotchedwa prediabetes.

Malire a hemoglobin a glycosylated, omwe amawonetsa momwe odwala matenda ashuga amasiyana, kutengera mitundu ya matenda, komanso magulu azaka za odwala. Achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga azisunga HbA1c kutsika kuposa omwe ali achikulire komanso okalamba.Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, shuga ya magazi a glycated imamveka bwino nthawi yoyamba, pomwe m'tsogolo, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni, zotsatira zake sizikuwonetsa chithunzi chodalirika.

Nthawi zina zizindikiro zimatha kukhala zosokoneza. Izi zimakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi kupezeka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hemoglobin, yomwe imakhala yokhudza thupi (mwa ana mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi) komanso matenda am'mimba (a beta-thalassemia, HbA2 imawonedwa).

Kodi glycated hemoglobin imachuluka bwanji?

Kuchulukitsa kwa chizindikiro ichi kumawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwampweya wamagazi m'magazi a wodwalayo. Komabe, chomwe chimayambitsa kukula sikuti nthawi zonse chimakhala matenda a shuga. Itha kupangidwanso chifukwa cha kulolera m'magazi kwa glucose (kuvomereza) kapena glucose kudya, komwe ndi chizindikiro cha prediabetes.

Ngakhale zili zofunikira kudziwa kuti matendawa akuwonetsa kusokonezeka kwa metabolic ndipo ali ndi vuto la matenda ashuga. Nthawi zina, pamakhala kuwonetsa konyenga kwa zizindikiro, ndiye kuti sizikugwirizana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga. Izi zitha kuwonedwa ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi kapena kutulutsa ndulu - splenectomy.

Kodi chifukwa chikuchepera chizindikiritso ndichiti?

Kutsika kwachinsinsi ichi pansipa 4% kukuwonetsa kuchepa kwakanthawi m'thupi la shuga m'magazi, amenenso ndikupatuka. Kusintha kotereku kumatha limodzi ndi zizindikiro za hypoglycemia - kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha mawonetseredwe oterewa chimawonetsedwa ngati insulin - chotupa cha kapamba, chomwe chimapangitsa kuphatikizika kwa insulin.

Komanso, monga lamulo, wodwalayo alibe insulin kukana (kukana insulini), ndipo kukhathamiritsa kwakukulu kwa insulin kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, komwe kumayambitsa hypoglycemia. Insulinoma sindicho chifukwa chokhacho chomwe chimatsogolera kuchepa kwa hemoglobin ya glycated. Kuphatikiza pa iye, mayiko otsatirawa ndi osiyana:

mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachepetsa shuga ya magazi (insulin),
ntchito yayitali yolimbitsa thupi,
Zakudya zazitali za carb
adrenal kusowa
kawirikawiri cholowa m'magulu - kusabadwa kwa shuga m'magazi, matenda a Hirke, matenda a Herce ndi matenda a Forbes.

Kudziwitsa Ubwino wa Kuzindikira

Kafukufuku wokhudza kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin wa glycated ndizochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mayeso a shuga wamagazi ndi mayeso ololera a glucose. Cholepheretsa chachikulu pakudutsa kuwunikaku ndi mtengo wake. Koma mtengo wake wodziwa matenda ndi wapamwamba kwambiri. Ndi njira imeneyi yomwe imapatsa mwayi kudziwa matenda a shuga m'magawo oyambira ndikuyambitsa chithandizo chofunikira panthawi yake.

Komanso, njirayi imalola kuwunika kwa wodwalayo pafupipafupi ndikuwunika momwe njira zochiritsira zimathandizira. Kusanthula kwa hemoglobin m'matumbo kumathandiza kuti odwala omwe shuga yawo yayandikira. Kuphatikiza apo, kufufuzaku kukuwonetsa kudwala kwa wodwala kwa miyezi isanu ndi itatu yapitayo, ndipo ambiri amasiya kudya maswiti awiri okha isanakwane cheki yomwe ikubwera, akuyembekeza kuti dokotala sangadziwe za izi.

Mlingo wa HbA1c umawonetsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito zamafuta a carbohydrate metabolism m'masiku 90-120 apitawo. Matenda a mtunduwu amapezeka pafupifupi milungu isanu ndi umodzi, atabweretsa shugayo mwanjira wamba. Kuphatikiza apo, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, hemoglobin wa glycated imatha kuchuluka katatu.

Kodi kuwunika kumayenera kuchitika kangati ndipo kangati pa HbA1c?

Kutengera ndi malingaliro a WHO - World Health Organisation - njirayi imadziwika kuti ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yowunikira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga. Madokotala amalimbikitsa odwala otere kuti azichita mayeso a HbA1c kamodzi kamodzi miyezi itatu. Musaiwale kuti zotsatira zomwe zimapezeka m'ma labotera osiyanasiyana zimasiyana. Zimatengera njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zitsanzo zamagazi.

Chifukwa chake, yankho labwino kwambiri ndikupereka magazi mu labotale yofanana kapena kusankha chipatala chofanizira. Mukamayang'anira chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kukhala ndi HbA1c pafupifupi 7% ndikuwunikiranso nthawi yomwe madokotala adzafike 8%. Manambalawa amagwira ntchito pokhapokha njira zodziwira HbA1c zokhudzana ndi DCCT yotsimikizika (kuwongolera kwa matenda ashuga ndi zovuta zake).

Thandizo! Ziyeso zamankhwala zokhazikitsidwa ndi njira zotsimikiziridwa zimawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa 1% ya hemoglobin ya glycosylated ndikuwonjezeka kwa plasma glucose pafupifupi 2 mmol / L. HbA1c imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chofunikira pazovuta za matenda a shuga. Pa kafukufukuyu, zidatsimikiziridwa kuti kuchepa kwa HbA1c ngakhale 1% kumapangitsa kutsika kwa 45% pachiwopsezo cha kupitirira kwa matenda ashuga retinopathy (kuwonongeka kwa retinal).

Njira zoperekera magazi

Mutha kupereka magazi kuti muwoneke HbA1c kuchipatala chilichonse chokhala ndi mbiri yofufuza, ponse pa oyang'anira komanso apadera. Kutumiza kuchokera kwa dokotala kudzangofunikira mu malo olembera boma, mwa omwe analipira sikofunikira.

Njira yoyeserera magazi siyosiyana ndi mayeso ena. Monga lamulo, biomaterial imatengedwa kuchokera kumitsempha, koma magazi a capillary, omwe amachotsedwa chala, amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zina. Kudziwunikira lokha, komanso kumasulira kwake, kukonzekera mu masiku 3-4, kotero wodwalayo sayenera kudikirira nthawi yayitali kuti zotsatira zake zitheke.

Kulipiritsa kwa matenda a shuga motsogozedwa ndi HbA1c

Kuphatikiza pakutsimikiza koyambirira kwa matenda a shuga, cholinga chachiwiri chofunikira choyesera zomwe zili ndi hemoglobin ya glycated ndikusunga momwe odwala alili. Ndiko kuti, kupereka chipukuta motsatira malangizowo - kukwaniritsa ndikusunga HbA1c wochepera 7%.

Ndi zizindikiro zotere, matendawa amawaganiziridwa mokwanira, ndipo kuopsa kwa zovuta kumadziwika kuti kochepa. Zachidziwikire, njira yabwino kwambiri ikhoza kukhala kuti ndalamazo sizikhala zopambana kuposa anthu athanzi - 6.5%. Komabe, akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti ngakhale chisonyezo cha 6.5% ndi chizindikiro cha matenda omwe samalipiridwa bwino ndipo mavuto amakula.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mwa anthu athanzi opatsa thanzi, okhala ndi chakudya chambiri, HbA1c nthawi zambiri imakhala yofanana ndi 4.2-4.6%, yomwe imafanana ndi shuga wambiri wa 4-8,8 mmol / l. Apa amalimbikitsa ndikuyesera kuzisonyezo zotere, ndipo ndizosavuta kukwaniritsa mukasinthira ku chakudya chamafuta ochepa. Tisaiwale kuti shuga wabwinoko imalipidwa, ndiye kuti pamakhala chiwopsezo chachikulu cha hypoglycemia (kuchepa kwa shuga wamagazi) ndi kuperewera kwa hypoglycemic.

Poyesa kupewa matendawa, wodwalayo amayenera kukhala nthawi yayitali pamzere wabwino pakati pa shuga komanso vuto la hypoglycemia. Izi ndizovuta kwambiri, motero wodwalayo amaphunzira ndikuchita moyo wawo wonse. Koma powonetsetsa mosamala zakudya zamafuta ochepa - ndizosavuta. Kupatula apo, chakudya chochepa chomwe wodwala matenda ashuga amalowa m'thupi, akapanda kufunikira mankhwala ochepetsa shuga kapena insulin.

Ndipo kuchepa kwa insulin, momwemonso kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia. Chilichonse ndichopepuka, chimangokhala zakudya zokha. Kwa odwala okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe amayembekeza kukhala zaka zosakwana 5 - 7.5-8% ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale apamwamba amatengedwa ngati mfundo zabwino. Mgulu lino, chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia ndiowopsa kwambiri kuposa chiwopsezo cha zovuta. Pomwe ana, achinyamata, achinyamata, komanso amayi oyembekezera amalangizidwa kwambiri kuti ayang'anire chizindikirocho ndikuletsa kuti chisakwere pamwamba 6.5%, komanso kuposa 5%.

Njira zochepetsera magwiridwe antchito

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kuchepa kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumakhudzana mwachindunji ndi kuchepa kwa ndende yamagazi. Chifukwa chake, kuti muchepetse HbA1c, ndikofunikira kutsatira malingaliro onse a adokotala kuti akonze zomwe zili ndi matenda ashuga.

Izi zimaphatikizapo:

kutsatira boma ndi mtundu wapadera wa chakudya,
cheke nthawi zonse shuga,
masewera olimbitsa thupi olimbitsa thupi komanso masewera ochepa,
munthawi yomweyo mankhwala mankhwala, kuphatikizapo insulin,
kutsatira kusiyanitsa koyenera kwa kugona ndi kudzutsidwa,
kuyendera nthawi yachipatala kuchipatala kuti akawonetsetse momwe alili ndikupeza upangiri.

Ngati zoyesayesa zonse zomwe zachitika zidayambitsa kuti shuga akhalebe masiku angapo, pomwe wodwalayo akumva bwino, izi zikutanthauza kuti malangizowo adachitidwa molondola ndipo njira ziyenera kutsatiridwa. Chifukwa chake, cheke chapafupi kwambiri cha hemoglobin yokhala ndi glycated iyenera kuwonetsa zotsatira zokwanira, ndipo mwakuthekera, kopereka kwotsatira magazi kumakhala komweko.

Kutsika mofulumira kwambiri kwazomwe zimatha kukhala ndi vuto kumatha kuwona, mpaka kutayika kwathunthu. Popeza nthawi yayitali thupi limatha kuzolowera komanso kusinthika mwachangu kumabweretsa zosasinthika. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo a dokotala ndipo musataye mopitirira.