Kodi ndibwino kuti ndiwotchi? Phindu ndi zovulaza za mmalo mwa shuga

Msika wamakono umapereka mitundu yambiri ya zotsekemera. Amasiyana wina ndi mnzake m'njira yotulutsidwa, kapangidwe kake ndi mtengo wake. Si onse a iwo omwe ali ndi kukoma kwabwino kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe apamwamba. Ndi ziti zomwe zili zothandiza komanso zomwe zili zovulaza?

Ubwino wa zotsekemera

M'malo mwa shuga muli zinthu zambiri zabwino.

• Sizikhudza shuga wamagazi, chifukwa chake ndi oyenera odwala matenda ashuga.
• Muchepetse chiopsezo cha kuwola kwa mano.
• Thandizani kuchepa thupi.
• Yambitsani kupanga madzi a m'mimba, khalani ndi choleretic.
• Amakhala ndi mankhwala ofewetsa thukuta.
• Zotsika mtengo. Zotsekemera kwambiri ndizotsika mtengo kuposa beet kapena nzimbe.

Zakoma zimasonyezedwa kunenepa kwambiri, mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga a 2, cachexia (kutopa kwambiri), matenda a chiwindi, kuchepa madzi m'thupi, chakudya chamagulu komanso mapuloteni.

Contraindication ndi kuvulaza

Zoyipa pa ntchito yotsekemera:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri xylitol ndi saccharin kumakhumudwitsa m'mimba.
• Kuchuluka kwa fructose kumavulaza mtima.
• Sorbitol imakhudza kwambiri kulemera ndipo imayambitsa zosokoneza pamimba.
• Imakulitsa Zizindikiro zakulephera kwa impso.
• Shuga analogues ali contraindicated mu kagayidwe kachakudya matenda (phenylketonuria) ndi chizolowezi thupi lawo siligwirizana.
• Sulfamide ndi calcium zotsekemera ndizoletsedwa kwa mwana ndi mayi wapakati.

Kuphatikiza apo, wokoma sayenera kutengedwa ndi okalamba komanso odwala matenda ashuga osakwana zaka 14. Magulu azaka izi amakhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka.

Omwe Amathandizira Ashuga Amitundu

Gululi limaphatikizapo zotsekemera, ma soothers. Samatengekedwa ndi thupi ndikunyenga masamba.

Milford ndi shuga wogwirizira potengera sodium saccharin ndi cyclamate. Amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a madontho ndi mapiritsi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ma jam ochepera kalori, amasunga ndi kupangira ma compotes. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito monga chakudya chowonjezera ndikuphatikiza ndi madzi.

Rio Golide. Lokoma pali sodium cyclamate, tartaric acid, saccharin, soda. Chogwiritsidwacho chikulimbikitsidwa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yomweyo ndi masamba ndi zipatso. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kuwonjezera ndi tiyi wobiriwira.

Saccharin (E-954) imakhala yokoma kwambiri kuposa 300, koma osalowa mu thupi. Analogue ya shuga iyi ilibe zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu. Imalekerera malo okhala acidic ndi kutentha kwambiri. Ili ndi kukoma kwazitsulo. Saccharin ndi osayenera kugwiritsa ntchito pamimba yopanda kanthu. Mlingo wotetezeka ndi pafupifupi 0 ga g patsiku.

Sucrasite ndi yochokera ku sucrose. Thupi silimakhudza shuga wamagazi ndipo silitenga nawo kagayidwe kazachilengedwe. M'malo mwa shuga mumakhala sucrasite, soda, ndi controlity acidity. Paketi imodzi imalowetsa 6 kg ya shuga. Mulingo wotetezeka ndi 0,7 g patsiku.

Supralose ndiye lokoma yekha wopanga zovomerezeka kwa ana ndi amayi apakati. Amapezeka ndi chithandizo cha sucrose ndi chlorine. Mwanjira yabwino, awa ndi makhiristo okhala ndi kukoma kosalekeza, kununkhira, kirimu kapena zoyera. Mulingo woyenera kwambiri si woposa 5 mg pa 1 kg yolemera.

Aspartame Ndi gawo lamankhwala, kuphatikiza mavitamini a ana, omwe amawonjezera zakumwa zakumwa. Ikatentha mpaka +30 ° C, imawola kukhala formaldehyde, methanol ndi phenylalanine. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, kumayambitsa chizungulire, kupweteka mutu, kudzimbidwa, kutsekemera kwa mtima, komanso nseru. Odwala mu amayi apakati ndi ana.

Wort ndi wokoma wopanga. Saccharin ndi cyclamate zimapereka kutsekemera pamapiritsi. Mlingo wovomerezeka ulibe oposa 2,5 g pa 5 makilogalamu amalemu onse. Kuti muchepetse zovuta zomwe zimasinthidwa ndi sorbitol, stevia kapena fructose.

Acesulfame (E950). Kutsekemera kwa malonda kumakhala kokwirikiza 200 kuposa sucrose. Imakhala ndi moyo wautalifufu, mulibe zopatsa mphamvu komanso sizoyambitsa chifuwa. Odwala mu pakati ndi kuyamwitsa ana. Mulingo wotetezeka - osaposa 1 g patsiku.

Zotsekemera zachilengedwe

Zolocha m'malo mwatsopano zachilengedwe sizongovulaza zokha, komanso zimapindulitsa thanzi. Izi zikuphatikizapo sorbitol, stevia, Fit parad ndi Huxol.

Sorbitol (E420) ndi gawo la ma apricot, maapulo ndi phulusa lamapiri. Imakhala ndi kukoma. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya za odwala matenda ashuga. Sorbitol imasintha microflora yam'mimba ndi matumbo, imachepetsa kumwa kwamavitamini opindulitsa, komanso imakhala ndi choleretic. Chakudya chomwe chimakonzedwa ndi kuphatikiza chinthu kwa nthawi yayitali chimasunga zabwino zake komanso zatsopano. Lokoma ndi caloric, chifukwa chake, sioyenera kuchepetsa thupi. Ndi nkhanza, kukhumudwa m'mimba, kutulutsa ndi mseru ndizotheka. Yabwino chitetezo ndi 30-40 g patsiku.

Huxol. Amapezeka piritsi. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi mungu. Ali ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa. Oyenera mitundu yonse ya matenda ashuga. Chidacho chimakhala ndi sodium cyclamate, saccharin, bicarbonate ndi sodium citrate, lactose. Yabwino chitetezo salinso 20 g patsiku. Pankhaniyi, mlingo umakwera pang'onopang'ono.

Stevia ndi therere wobadwira ku Paraguay ndi Brazil, wogwirizira ndi shuga wachilengedwe. Chifukwa cha glycosides a masamba, mbewu ndiyabwino kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati tincture, tiyi kapena ufa wazitsamba. Imakhala ndi kukoma kosangalatsa komanso kolekeredwa bwino ndi thupi. Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi, kumachepetsa shuga m'magazi, kumachepetsa kukula kwa zotupa, zimakhudza kugwira ntchito kwa chiwindi ndi kapamba, kumalimbitsa mitsempha yamagazi. Kwa ana, stevia amathandizira kuthetsa matupi awo sagwirizana, amawongolera ubongo ndi kugona, amalepheretsa zilonda zam'mimba, komanso zimapangitsa kuti azichita zolimbitsa thupi. Ili ndi mavitamini ambiri, yaying'ono komanso zazikulu. Njira yotetezeka ndi 40 g patsiku.

Fit parad. Zopatsa mphamvu za calorie ndi 19 kcal pa 100 g.Zinthu zazikuluzikulu ndi sucralose, stevioside, Yerusalemu artichoke Tingafinye, erythritol. Tsitsi lotsekemera limakhalanso ndi ma amino acid, mavitamini ndi macronutrients, fiber, pectin ndi inulin. Fit parad imakhala yotentha ndipo imatha kuwonjezeredwa pazinthu zophika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakudya.

Zokoma zina zachilengedwe

Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika za shuga zachilengedwe ndi uchi wa njuchi. Chogulitsachi chili ndi mavitamini B ndi C, potaziyamu, mapuloteni, chitsulo, glucose ndi mchere wina. Ili ndi zotsatira za antibacterial komanso antiviral, ndizothandiza kuzizira. Zoyipa zokhazokha ndizopamwamba zopatsa mphamvu. Komanso, uchi umatulutsa shuga m'magazi.

Fructose ndi cholowa cha masamba omwe ndi gawo la zipatso ndi zipatso, uchi, mbewu zina ndi timadzi tokongola ta maluwa. Thupi limakhala lokongola nthawi 1.5 kuposa sucrose. Mulinso ndi 30% ochepa ma calories. Zilibe gawo lililonse pa shuga wamagazi.

Fructose ali ndi katundu wosunga. Chifukwa cha izi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mafuta osungira komanso kusungira odwala matenda ashuga. Imathandiziranso kuthamanga kwa mowa m'magazi. Zowonongeka - zimawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a CVD. Mtengo wotetezeka ndi 30-40 g patsiku.

Mafuta a shuga amachokera ku glycosidic ochokera kwina amapatulidwa pazomera zosiyanasiyana (zipatso za zipatso, stevia, ndi zina). Ma mamolekyulu azinthu zachilengedwe izi amapangidwa ndi chinthu chomwe si chakudya komanso mafuta.

Stevioside. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku therere la uchi Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Chogulitsachi ndi mtundu wotsekemera wa zotsekemera. Kutsekemera kwa zowonjezera oyeretsedwa kumachokera ku 250 mpaka 300. Stevioside ndi yokhazikika pakukonzanso ndikusungidwa, kusungunuka mosavuta, kopanda poizoni, komwe sikusweka thupi.

Glycyrrhizin (E958). Muli mu layorice (licorice) muzu. Glycyrrhizin ndi wowonjezera nthawi 50-100 kuposa sucrose. Nthawi yomweyo, ilibe kukoma. Mwanjira yake yoyera, ndi mankhwala osakhalapo mitundu. Imasungunuka mu ethanol ndi madzi otentha, koma osaphatikizika m'madzi ozizira. Ili ndi fungo komanso kakomedwe kenakake, komwe kamaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito.

Osladin. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku mizu ya fern wamba. Chimafanana ndi stevioside mumapangidwe. Katunduyu ndiwotsekemera pafupifupi 300 kuposa sucrose. Kuchulukitsa kwa osladin pazinthu zopangira ndi kotsika kwambiri (0,03%), komwe kumapangitsa kuti ntchito yake ikhale yopanda phindu.

Naringin. Muli zipatso za malalanje. M'malo mwa shuga amapangidwa kuchokera ku citrosa, kapena neohesperidin dihydrochalcon (E959). Kutsekemera kokwanira kwa zowonjezera ndi 1800-2000. Mlingo wovomerezeka tsiku lililonse ndi 5 mg pa kilogalamu imodzi ya thupi lonse la munthu. Pafupifupi 50 mg ya citrosa imafunika patsiku kuti isungunuke kwathunthu. Vutoli limayambitsa kukomoka kwakutali kuposa kuyamwa: pafupifupi mphindi 10 pambuyo pakulowetsa. Citrosis ndi yokhazikika ndipo sataya katundu wake pakumwa zakumwa, nayonso mphamvu ya yoghurts, kuwira m'malo okhala acidic komanso kuthinana kwambiri. Zimayenda bwino ndi zotsekemera zina, kuphatikizapo xylitol. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza kukoma ndi zonunkhira za zinthu.

Ma Polyalcohols akuphatikizapo xylitol (E967), maltitol (E965), zipinda (F.953 isomalgum) ndi lactitol (E966). Izi zotsekemera zimatengedwa bwino ndi thupi.

Xylitol (967). Zimapezeka kuchokera ku chitsa cha chimanga ndi mauna a mbewu za thonje. Zopatsa mphamvu zake zopatsa mphamvu ndi 4.06 kcal / g. Mwa machiritso ake, xylitol imakhala yothandiza kwambiri kuposa shuga, sucrose komanso ngakhale sorbitol. Chifukwa cha bactericidal yake, imagwiritsidwa ntchito mumsika wazakudya. Njira yotetezeka ndi 40-50 g patsiku.

Maltitol (E965). Amapezeka ndi madzi a shuga. Oletsa kutentha, osakhala a hygroscopic, samayanjana ndi amino acid. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ma dragees, chifukwa amapereka mphamvu ndi kuuma kwa kuphimba kwa chipolopolo.

Dzenje. Izi zotsekemera zimapangidwa kuchokera ku sucrose ndi chithandizo cha enzymatic. Kukoma kumayandikira sucrose, koma koyipa kwambiri ndi matumbo a matumbo. Ntchito pokonza matenda ashuga. Sichimayambitsa mano.

Lactitol (E966). Amachokera ku lactose ndi hydrogenation pamtunda wokwera. Achuma okhala ndi thupi pafupi ndi sucrose. Imakhala ndi kutsekemera koyera koyera, kosakhala hygroscopic, sikumasiya kukoma kwakunja mkamwa.

Mapulogalamu a shuga okhala ndi mapuloteni

Chidwi ndi cholowa mmalo a shuga chakwera posachedwapa. M'mbuyomu, malonda anali oletsedwa chifukwa choganiza kuti ndi nyama.

Thaumatin (E957) amasiyana ndi zipatso zamtengo wapatali. Kuchokera pa 1 kg ya zipatso, 6 g ya mapuloteni amalandiridwa. Mtengo wamagetsi - 4 kcal / g. Kutsekemera kwa thaumatin ndi kokwana 3,000 kuchulukirapo kuposa kutsekemera kwa sucrose. Kukana acidic chilengedwe, kuyanika ndi kuzizira. Kutentha kukakwera kufika pa + 75 ° C ndi 5 pH, kuchepa kwa mapuloteni komanso kuchepa kwa kutsekemera kumachitika. Komabe, zotsatira za fungo lokhazikika zimakhalabe.

Talin. Zimapangidwa pamaziko a thaumatin. Imakhala ndi kutsekemera kwa 3 500. Chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwapamwamba, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala opangira mano ndi kutafuna chingamu.

Monelip ndi shuga yemwe amalowa mmalo mwa zipatso za chomera Dioscorephilum (Dioscorephellum cumminsii), womwe umamera ku West Africa. Monelip ndi 1.53 nthawi zochulukirapo kuposa sucrose. Zopanda poizoni, koma zosakhazikika pakulimbikitsa kutentha.

Miraculin. Kutalikirana ndi zipatso za Richardelci dulcifica, wobadwira ku Africa. Amafanana ndi azitona mu mawonekedwe ake ndipo ali ndi mtundu wofiyira. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimaphatikizidwa ndi chipolopolo. Chogulitsachi chimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: kuchokera ku chakumwa chokoma cha malalanje mpaka mkaka wowawasa wa mandimu. Imakhazikika pa pH kuyambira 3 mpaka 12, koma imawonongeka potentha. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosintha kukoma.

Malamulo osankhidwa ndi osungirako

Choyamba, mugule zotsekemera pokhapokha pazogulitsa zapadera. Izi zitha kukhala malo ogulitsira anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kapena ma makemikolo. Musanagule, yang'anirani phukusili mosamala. Sichikhala ndi zowonongeka. Yesani mndandanda wazinthu. Kupezeka kwa ziphaso zoyenera zaumoyo ndikofunikanso.

Wokoma uyenera kusungidwa pamalo ozizira, owuma komanso osatheka ndi ana. Moyo wamashelefu wamba wa chinthu soposa zaka zitatu. Osagwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera pambuyo pake.

Zilime zotsekemera zimakuthandizani kuti muzimva bwino. Pambuyo pofufuza zabwino ndi zovuta zawo, mutha kusankha nokha zabwino kwambiri. Kutalika kwa kugwiritsa ntchito kumadalira ntchitozo, kaya ndizakudya kwakanthawi kochepa kapena kokhazikika. Tsatirani malangizo anu ndi dokotala bwino.

Chifukwa chiyani zotsekemera zimafunikira?

Ma sweeteners adakhazikika kale m'miyoyo yathu, popanda iwo masiku ano ndizovuta kulingalira makampani azakudya. Ngakhale simunakhalepo ndi chidwi ndi zomwe zimalowa ndi chifukwa chake zimafunikira, simunazigule mwadala, sizitanthauza kuti simunazigwiritse ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ndizokwanira kutanthauzira pilo ya Orbit, yomwe ngakhale otsatsa pamayendedwe aboma popanda mthunzi wamanyazi amati ili ndi xylitol - imodzi mwazokoma.

Masiku ano, zotsekemera zimaphatikizidwa ndi zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi (nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito aspartame), confectionery, chakudya mkate, zakudya zamkaka (ayisikilimu, cocktails, ndi zina zambiri), zomwe zimayenera kukhala zokoma. Kodi mudayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti kuphatikiza kwa mano kumakoma bwanji?

Kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito zotsekemera kumachitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zotsatirazi:

1. Matenda a shuga. Mwa anthu omwe akudwala matendawa, kapamba satulutsa timadzi tokwanira ta insulin, tomwe timayambitsa shuga, ndiye kuti magazi a m'magazi amapitilira kuchuluka kwa thupi ndi zotsatirapo zonse, mpaka kutsiriza khungu, kufalikira kwa ziwalo, matenda a necrosis. Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amafa chifukwa cha kukomoka kwa hypoglycemic.

Kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi, ndikokwanira kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso kusinthira ku zinthu zomwe zili ndi ma carbohydrate okhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic (amaphulika pang'onopang'ono mpaka glucose motero musaperekenso "kudumpha" m'magazi). Chilichonse chingakhale bwino, koma odwala matenda ashuga amafunanso maswiti. Apa ndipomwe anthu okoma amapulumutsa.

2. Maswiti ndi oyipa kwambiri khungukumapangitsa kuti ziume kapenaume, mafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, shuga amachititsa kuti glycation azikhala ndi khungu, ndipo munthu yemwe amadya shuga wambiri nthawi zambiri amawoneka wokalamba kuposa msinkhu wake.

3. Caries. Aliyense amadziwa kale kuti shuga ndi yoyipa kwa mano. Komabe, mano akawonongeka kale ndi makhola, amachedwa kwambiri kukana. Inemwini, sindikudziwa munthu m'modzi yemwe anakana shuga kokha chifukwa cha mano athanzi.

4. Kuchulukitsa thupi. Vutoli linayamba kuvutitsa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akupita patsogolo pang'ono posachedwa, m'zaka makumi awiri zokha. Zachidziwikire, anthu athunthu ankakumana nthawi zonse, koma munthawi yakusatha, kukonza moyo, kuwoneka kwachangu, kunenepa kunayamba chifukwa cha matenda. Koma kodi shuga amachokera kuti?

Chowonadi ndi chakuti shuga, poyamba, samasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi, motero imayamwa nthawi yomweyo m'mimba. Kachiwiri, payokha imayimira mphamvu yoyera kwambiri, chifukwa imalowa mu metabolism ndi 100% ndipo imakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zambiri. Zowona, "mphamvu zowoneka" ndi glucose, ndipo uwu ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wa shuga. Koma zambiri pambuyo pake. Chachitatu, kugwiritsa ntchito shuga kumapangitsa kuti insulin iyankhe, momwe zimagwira ma cell a mafuta zimatulutsa glycerides mwachangu m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta.

Chifukwa chake, munthu akangodya shuga wambiri, mwachitsanzo, kudya chidutswa cha keke, kumwa tiyi wokoma, nthawi yomweyo magazi ake amawulula shuga wambiri. Zili ngati mafuta mumoto wamoto. Ngati zitachitika izi munthu atangogwira ntchito yolimbitsa thupi kapena yowonda kwambiri, ndiye kuti shuga yonse imasandulika mphamvu.Ngati shuga ndizoposa zomwe thupi limawononga, ndiye kuti zimasinthidwa kukhala mafuta ndikusungidwa mu prozapas ya thupi. Ngakhale kudya kwina sikungachitike kuti mafuta awa asungidwe, chifukwa pakudya kwa njala kwa maola angapo, glycogen ya chiwindi imadyedwa koyamba, kenako thupi limapitilira kuwononga minofu. Pulogalamu ya minofu imaphwanyidwa mosavuta kukhala ma amino acid, ndi ma amino acid ku glucose, ndiye kuti, shuga. Mafuta amabwera chomaliza, nthawi zambiri ngati pakufunika kuthandizidwa kale osati kunenepa kwambiri, koma chifukwa cha anorexia. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha zakudya, minofu imachepa, komwe kumapeto kwake kumapangitsa kuti thupi lizigwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa (minofu imawotcha mphamvu zambiri ngakhale m'malo abata). Mukasinthana ndi zakudya zanthawi zonse, komanso pazakudya zovuta, kusokonezeka sikungatheke, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri kuchokera pakudya komwe kulowetsa mafuta osungira. Chifukwa chake, zakudya zomwe zimangokulitsa vutoli. Chifukwa chake, polimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kukana shuga ndi imodzi mwazanzeru.

Tiyeneranso kunenanso kuti kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda a shuga (mtundu II) ndi mavuto omwe amakhudzana kwambiri. Matendawa onse amatulutsa ndikuthandizana wina ndi mnzake molingana ndi lingaliro lozungulira loipa, lomwe lingathe kuthyoledwa pokana shuga. Koma ngati wodwala matenda ashuga ali ndi vuto labwinobwino lamthupi, ndikokwanira kukana zomwe zimangowonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndiye kuti kunenepa kwambiri muyenera kusiya zonse zopatsa mphamvu.

Chifukwa chake, onse okometsetsa amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: 1) osachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi 2) osachulukitsa shuga komanso osakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu. Mitundu yonse ya zotsekemera ndiyabwino kwa odwala matenda ashuga, mukamachepetsa thupi lokhalo lachiwiri.

Ngati mukuyang'ana kwambiri vutoli, m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, madokotala akhala akuwonetsa anthu omwe amadya shuga. Zinapezeka kuti shuga imayambitsa kukula kwa matenda osiyanasiyana - kuchokera kumankhwala am'mimba komanso kunenepa kwambiri mpaka zotupa ndi atherosulinosis. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuti tsiku lina anthu akana kugwiritsa ntchito shuga woyengetsa, amayang'ana makolo awo omwe amamwa shuga, ndiko kuti, tikayang'ana makolo athu, omwe ankachiza matenda ena a mankhwala a mercury mu Middle Ages.

Ndisanayambe kuwunika kwa zotsekemera, zimayankhanso funso limodzi:

Kodi shuga ndi chiyani?

Mawu oti shuga amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi matanthauzo angapo. M'lingaliro la tsiku ndi tsiku, mawuwa amatanthauza chinthu chogulitsa, ndiye kuti, aliyense amadziwa shuga kapena nzimbe, kuphatikizapo shuga woyengetsa.

Kuchokera pamawonedwe a organic chemistry, "shuga" ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amapanga mankhwala - mafuta, ophatikizidwa ndi monosaccharides (mwachitsanzo, shuga ndi fructose), ma disaccharides (mwachitsanzo, maltose) ndi oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, etc.).

Poterepa, zakudya zomwe "shuga" 99% zimakhala ndi sucrose chakudya. Scrose ikaphwanyidwa ndi michere ya m'mimba, mamolekyulu awiri amapangidwa: imodzi ndi glucose, inayo ndi fructose. Glucose ndi fructose amapezeka mwachilengedwe ngati mankhwala ena odziimira payekha. Nthawi yomweyo, glucose imakhala yotsekemera kawiri kuposa sucrose, ndipo fructose, m'malo mwake, imakhala yotsekemera kawiri kuposa sucrose. Ngati musakaniza shuga ndi sucrose wofanana, mumapeza osakaniza omwe samasiyana ndi shuga.

Chifukwa chake, nthawi yakwana yoyenda pa okometsetsa ena.

Omwe ali ndi ma calorie okoma kwambiri

Patsamba la masitolo akuluakulu tsopano fructose imatha kupezeka pafupifupi nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa m'matumba a 500 g.kilogalamu imodzi ya fructose m'misika yamasiku ano imakhala ndi ma ruble 300-400, omwe ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa shuga wokhazikika.

Mwanjira yake yachilengedwe, fructose imakhalapo uchi, pafupifupi zipatso zonse ndi pang'ono zamasamba.

Ubwino wopangira

Phindu lalikulu la fructose ndikuti samachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngakhale mawonekedwe amipweya awa ali pafupi kwambiri wina ndi mnzake, thupi la munthu silingathe kutembenuza mwachindunji fructose kukhala glucose, komanso mosemphanitsa. Chifukwa chake, ili ndi kalozera kakang'ono kwambiri ka glycemic, komwe sikupangitsa kusinthasintha kwa shuga m'magazi. Katunduyu ndiofunikira makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga, chifukwa, mosiyana ndi shuga, fructose sangathe kuyambitsa katemera wa insulin.

Ubwino wina wa fructose ndikuti umakhala wotsekemera kawiri kuposa shuga woyengedwa, ngakhale ma monosaccharides onsewa ali ndi zopatsa mphamvu zofanana zopatsa mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, ngati mumakometsera zakudya (tiyi, confectionery, kusunga, zakumwa, ndi zina) ndi fructose, ndiye kuti zimatenga theka monga momwe shuga anagwiritsidwira ntchito.

Pali mfundo zina zingapo zabwino kuchokera pakudya fructose m'malo mwa shuga:

• sichikhumudwitsa kukula kwa caries,
• imathandizira kusweka kwa mowa m'magazi,
• amachepetsa kuchepa kwa minofu ya glycogen pamasewera.

Kudya kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa shuga kumeneku komwe amaloledwa ndi madokotala ndi 35-45 g.

Mu shuga mellitus, Mlingo wovomerezeka ndi: 1) kwa ana mpaka 0,5 g pa kilogalamu ya kulemera, 2) kwa akuluakulu - 0,75 g pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera.

Choyipa Choyipa

Fructose amakhalanso ndi mbali yakuda, yomwe sikuti imalembedwa nthawi zonse.

1. Glucose ndiyofunikira ku ziwalo zonse za thupi ndi machitidwe a thupi, pomwe fructose sichoncho. Chifukwa chake, mu ziwalo zambiri ndi minofu yambiri, fructose simalowa. Malo okhawo m'thupi momwe fructose angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti ikhale yabwino ndi chiwindi. Zotsatira zake, fructose imawonjezera katundu pa chiwindi. Kudya kosalekeza kwa fructose kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa michere yopangidwa ndi chiwindi, komanso nthawi yayitali mpaka kumafuta a chiwindi.

2. Koma vuto loyamba ndi theka vuto. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chiwindi chimatha kuthyola pang'ono fructose, ndipo imakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zofunika kuchita - imatha kupirira ziphe, zomwe, ndikukhulupirira, ndizokwanira mu chakudya chilichonse. Zotsatira zake, 30% ya fructose yomweyo imalowa m'mafuta. Poyerekeza, 5% yokha ya glucose imalowa m'mafuta nthawi yomweyo, ena onse amaphatikizidwa ndi njira zina za metabolic. Zotsatira zake, potembenukira ku fructose yomwe adamenyera (ndi kunenepa kwambiri), adathamangira mu china chake. Mudadya keke - kuchuluka kwa glucose wamagazi kudakwera, kusuntha - shuga yatha. Koma ngati mumadya fructose, nthawi zambiri imasanduka mafuta, zomwe ndizovuta kwambiri kuzitentha kuposa shuga.

3. Kulowa kwamafuta m'chiwindi chifukwa chodyetsa fructose kumapangitsa kuti ma lipoprotein otsika kwambiri, ndiye kuti, mankhwala omwe amapanga kwambiri ma cholesterol plaque ndi magazi. Chifukwa chake, fructose imapititsa patsogolo njira ya atherosulinosis, pomwe ma stroke onse ndi mtima zimachitika.

Ndipo ndi chiwindi chamafuta, thupi limachulukitsa kupanga uric acid, yomwe imayambitsa gout.

4. M'mbuyomu, zidakhulupirira kuti kulephera kuyambitsa kuyambitsa kwa inshuwaransi ya thupi ndi kwabwino. Insulin imayendera kutembenuka kwa glucose kuchokera kumagawo ena chakudya kukhala mafuta, chifukwa chake insulini yocheperako ikapangidwa chifukwa cha gawo laling'ono la glucose muzakudya (likalowetsedwa ndi fructose), mafuta ochepa amadzayikidwa. Koma zidapezeka kuti insulini imagwiranso ntchito ngati chisonyezo chomwe chimayimira ubongo kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe wadya komanso nthawi yoyenera kusiya tebulo (kudzera pakupanga mahomoni ena - leptin). Mashuamu akamasinthidwa ndi fructose, njira imeneyi imalephera, ndiye kuti, munthu amayamba kudya kwambiri, kuukira kwa zhor kumayamba.

Iyi ndi njira yakale kwambiri yosinthira zinthu. Tangoganizirani kholo lathu lomwe linakhalako zaka mazana angapo zapitazo. Kudya zipatso kunali kwakukoma: miyezi 1-2 pachaka, ndiye, kuti musangalale ndi apulo kapena mphesa, ndimayenera kudikirira pafupifupi chaka chathunthu. Anthu ambiri chifukwa chosowa chakudya anali atatsala pang'ono kupulumuka. Zipatso zitangochacha, thupi limakakamizidwa kuti lidzale kwathunthu, ndiko kuti, kusungira mavitamini, michere ndi. mafuta. Ngati fructose m'thupi adagwira ntchito yofanana ndi glucose, ndiko kuti, kudzera pakupanga insulin ikuphatikizaponso kumva kukomoka, ndiye kuti munthu angadye zipatso zochepa kwambiri ndipo akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chakufa chifukwa chotopa. Koma munthawi yathu ino, kuleka kumverera kwodzaza kumadzaza ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

5. Zingawoneke kuti ngati palibe chizolowezi chokhala wonenepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti idyani fructose momwe mungafunire. Koma zinali pomwepo. Fructose imatsogolera pakukula kwa otchedwa kagayidwe kachakudya matenda okhala ndi insulin kukana. Gulu la asayansi ochokera ku Georgia College of Medicine linachita kafukufuku pa achinyamata 559 wazaka 14-18, zomwe zinawonetsa kulumikizana pakati pa kadyedwe kachuma kwambiri komanso kukana kwa insulin, shuga yayikulu magazi, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda am'mimba otupa. Ndiye kuti, ndi fructose muyenera kusamalanso ndi matenda ashuga, zimayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

6. Fructose owonjezera m'magazi amatsogolera ku "shuga" wama mamolekyulu, omwe amayambitsa mavuto ambiri mthupi, kuphatikizapo matenda a cataract.

7. Pa milandu yopitilira 30% ya matenda osakwiya a matumbo (kudzimbidwa, kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka kwam'mimba, kugona), komwe kumadziwika kwambiri m'maiko otukuka, fructose, womwe umawonjezeredwa muzakudya zambiri, ndiye kuti uli ndi vuto.

Pomaliza: Kuchepetsa thupi, sizikupanga nzeru kusintha shuga ndi fructose. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kudya fructose pansi pazikhalidwe ziwiri: 1) palibe kulemera kowonjezera (komwe sikumachitika kawirikawiri mu shuga, makamaka ndi mtundu II), 2) kutsatira miyezo yapa mankhwalawa pamwambapa.

Uwu ndi mowa wa polyhydric wokhala ndi zipatso zotsekemera, zotchedwanso chakudya E420.

Sorbitol imapezeka kuchokera kuma apricots, maapulo ndi zipatso zina. Mwa njira, pakati pa zipatso zomwe tili nazo, ambiri mwa sorbitol amapezeka mu zipatso za phulusa.

Ubwino wa sorbitol

Ku Europe, sorbitol imayamba kutchuka kwambiri chaka chilichonse. Tsopano madotolo amalimbikitsa izi osati kwa odwala matenda ashuga okha, komanso kwa ogula osiyanasiyana, popeza sorbitol:

• ali ndi choleretic ndi antiketogenic zotsatira,
• Zimathandizira Kuchepetsa Kudya kwa Vitamini B₁, Mu₆ ndi biotin,
• bwino matumbo microflora.

Mlingo wololedwa wa sorbitol tsiku lililonse kwa munthu wamkulu ndi 30 g.

Zoopsa za Sorbitol

Sorbitol ndi theka okoma ngati shuga, ndipo ali ofanana pafupifupi caloric phindu. Chifukwa chake, sorbitol ndi yoyenera kwa odwala matenda ashuga, koma osayenera kuonda, chifukwa amafunika kutengedwa kawiri kuposa shuga. Ndipo kwa odwala matenda ashuga, sikuti ndi vuto lakuwatsuka, chifukwa chizolowezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha sorbitol sichili chokwanira - 30 g chikho cha tiyi chimatha kutsukidwa ndi kumwa. Ngati mumadya mafuta ambiri a sorbitol, izi zidzakuthandizani kuti muwonjezere zambiri za lactic acid m'magazi, kutulutsa magazi, nseru, kudzimbidwa ndi zina zosasangalatsa.

Pomaliza: Sorbitol imangokhala yopanga shuga, osati yovuta ndi kuwonjezeka kwa thupi.

Xylitol ndi sorbitol sorbate yomwe nthawi zambiri imawonjezeredwa ku zakudya monga zotsekemera ndi index ya E967.

Mwa kutsekemera, imakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi sucrose (coeff kukwana mwa kutsekemera poyerekeza ndi sucrose ndi 0.9-1.2).

Mwanjira yake yachilengedwe, xylitol imapezeka mu mapesi a chimanga, mankhusu a nthanga za thonje, komwe imakumba kwambiri.

Mlingo wovomerezeka wa tsiku lililonse wa xylitol kwa munthu wamkulu ndi 40 g, ndiye kuti, pa mlingo wa pafupifupi 0,5 g pa kilogalamu ya kulemera.

Ubwino wa xylitol

Xylitol ndi "chisangalalo" china cha odwala matenda ashuga chifukwa samachulukitsa shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, xylitol imakonda kudzikundikira m'thupi, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda a shuga.

Chuma chake china chothandiza ndichakuti sichimapangitsa kuti maboma azitukuka. Mwa njira, pachifukwa ichi, xylitol imawonjezeredwa pakuphatikizidwa kwa mano ambiri ndi kutafuna mano. Nthawi zina m'mafakitala xylitol pastilles amagulitsidwa, omwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati "maswiti" osavulaza.

Xylitol ali ndi choleretic ndi antiketogenic kwenikweni.

Zovulaza Xylitol

Mlingo waukulu (kuposa momwe zimakhalira tsiku lililonse), xylitol imayamba kudziwonetsa ngati yopatsa mphamvu. Mwa zomwe zili ndi caloric, zimakhala zofanana ndi sucrose, ndizothekanso kutsika thupi makamaka.

Pomaliza: Xylitol sangathe kungotayika pokhapokha itha kudyedwa pang'ono.

Ma calorie-Aulere okometsa

Mosiyana ndi zotsekemera kwambiri zopatsa mphamvu, zama calorie sizitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati matenda a shuga, komanso kwa onse omwe akufuna kuchepa thupi. Ganizirani otchuka kwambiri a iwo.

Adalandira dzinali chifukwa anali woyamba kupanga zida zopanga, zomwe zimayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wokoma. Uku ndikutengera kwa 2-sulfobenzoic acid. Pulogalamuyi ilibe mtundu ndi fungo; samasungunuka bwino m'madzi. Ndiwowonjezera chakudya ndi index E954.

Saccharin ndi nthawi 300-500 yabwino kuposa shuga. Simalumikizidwa kwathunthu ndi thupi, chifukwa chake imakhala ndi zofunikira zopatsa mphamvu.

Saccharin idavomerezedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'maiko apadziko lapansi, kuphatikiza Russia, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani ogulitsa zakudya monga zotsekemera. Komabe, zinthu nthawi zambiri sizimakoma ndi saccharin zokha, koma zimasakanikirana ndi zotsekemera zina, chifukwa zimakhala ndi chitsulo, kununkhira kwa makemikolo osati onse chifukwa cha izi.

Mulingo wovomerezeka wa saccharin ndi 5 mg pa kilogalamu imodzi ya thupi la munthu.

Ubwino wa saccharin

Pamaziko a saccharin, mankhwala ambiri adapangidwa omwe amawonetsedwa mu zakudya za odwala matenda ashuga. Pakati pawo, m'modzi wodziwika bwino ndi Sukrazit. Saccharin ndi xenobiotic yodziwika bwino, ndiye kuti, sikuphatikizidwa mu metabolism, siyikhudzanso kagayidwe kazachilengedwe ndi kapangidwe ka insulin ndi thupi. Amawonetsedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga komanso zakudya.

Saccharin Yovulaza

Saccharin nthawi ina amaganiziridwa kuti ndi wosokoneza bongo. Mapeto ake adapezeka poyesa saccharin m'makola. Komabe, momwe zidapangidwira, kuti muchepetse khansa m'magulu ochepa kwambiri a makoswe, amafunika kudyetsedwa saccharin muyezo wofanana ndi kulemera kwa thupi la nyama. Mapeto ake, malingaliro onse onena za kuvulaza kwa saccharin adatsimikizika. Komanso, zidapezeka kuti saccharin imalepheretsa kukula kwa zotupa.

Aspartame ndi mankhwala opanga omwe ali ndi dzina lovuta L-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl. Ntchito ngati chowonjezera cha chakudya E951.

Mwa zopatsa mphamvu za caloric, aspartame ili pafupi kwambiri. Chifukwa chiyani adapezeka kuti ali mgawo la zotsekemera zopatsa mphamvu? Chowonadi ndi chakuti nthawi 160-200 imakhala yokoma kuposa sucrose, chifukwa chake, popanga zinthu, phindu lawo silikhala ndi vuto lililonse. Coca-Cola wokhala ndi "zero" calorie wokometsedwa ndi spartame.

Mlingo wovomerezeka wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa aspartame kwa munthu ndi 40-50 mg pa kilogalamu imodzi ya thupi, yomwe imafanana ndi 500-600 magalamu a sucrose ndi kukoma. Ndiye kuti, muyenera kuyesa kupitilira mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku za aspartame.

Kuvulala kwa aspartame

Pakati pa kupezeka kwa proartame mpaka nthawi yathu ino, nthano zambiri zokhudzana ndi kuvulaza kwake zidapangidwa mozungulira mozungulira.

Bodza No. 1 linali loti popeza limasunthika m'thupi kukhala ma amino acid awiri ndi methanol, ili ndi zinthu zonse zovulaza zomwe zimatha. Methanol (methyl mowa), monga mukudziwa, ndi poizoni wakupha payekha, koma pakupanga kwa metabolism imasinthidwa kukhala formaldehyde, yomwe imadziwika bwino ndi katundu wake wamthupi. Komabe, ngati muwerenga kuchuluka kwa methanol chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito aspartame mu chakudya, ndiye kuti ndizochepa. Kuti mupeze poyizoni wa methanol kuchokera pakumwa sopo wotsekemera wokhala ndi shuga, muyenera kumwa malita 30 tsiku lililonse kwa nthawi yayitali. Kumwa kapu yonse ya mandimu a lalanje, timapeza methanol katatu kuposa momwe mungakhalire ndi Cola.Kuphatikiza apo, masana thupi lathu limatulutsa methanol (amkati) monga momwe limapezekera mu aspartame, yofunikira pakuthanso malita atatu a Coke.

Bodza lachiwiri 2 linali loti kupsa mtima kumapangitsa kusungirako kwa ubongo, zomwe zimakhudza mayendedwe amunthu, mawonekedwe, kugona, ndi chidwi. Amanenedwanso kuti aspartame imawononga maselo amitsempha, ndikupangitsa matenda a Alzheimer's. Komabe, European Commission for Product Safety, yopanga akatswiri angapo olemekezeka mu sayansi, idasamala mosamala zomwe apeza asayansi pamutu wamomwe adawadzera. Zidadziwika kuti zotsimikiza za ma alarmamu zimachokera pakuwunikira komwe kunachokera pa Internet komwe kunalibe phindu la sayansi. Kafukufuku waposachedwa kwambiri sanawonetse mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha mankhwalawa.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zophulika za aspartame ndi amino acid phenylalanine. Amino acid iyi imaphatikizidwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osowa kwambiri obadwa nawo - phenylketonuria. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi aspartame ziyenera kukhala ndi chenjezo: "Muli gwero la phenylalnine."

Cyclamate (sodium)

Wopangira mankhwala enaake ogwiritsira ntchito kwambiri malonda. Zakudya zowonjezera ndi index E952.

Cyclamate (sodium cyclamate) imakhalaotsekemera nthawi 30-50 kuposa sucrose. Mwa okometsetsa opangidwa ndi zotsekemera, zimasiyanitsidwa ndikuti zimasiyana kwambiri ndi kukoma kwa sucrose, alibe kununkhira kopitilira muyeso.

Mlingo wovomerezeka wa cyclamate tsiku lililonse ndi 10 mg pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera kwamunthu.

Zovulaza cyclamate

Monga zokometsera zina zambiri zopanga, cyclamate ya sodium imatinso "ali", komanso osayenera. Iye, monga saccharin, adatsutsidwa kuti akhoza kuyambitsa khansa (chikhodzodzo mu makoswe), koma maphunziro akulu asayansi adatsutsa kuvulaza kwake kulikonse kwa anthu ambiri. Amaphatikizidwa mwa amayi apakati okha, makamaka masabata awiri oyamba a kubereka.

Wotchuka wotchuka kwambiri wogulitsa m'masitolo. Amakhala okoma kuposa shuga.

Supralose imalephera kuthana ndi kutentha panthawi ya pasteurization ndi chosawilitsidwa kwa zinthu, sichitha kwa nthawi yayitali. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga yogurts ndi zipatso purees.

Mlingo wovomerezeka watsiku ndi tsiku ndi 1.1 mg pa kilogalamu imodzi yakulemera kwamunthu.

Zowopsa Sucralose

Sucralose, asanagwiritsidwe ntchito malonda ogulitsa zakudya, adakumana ndi ziyeso zamankhwala kwa zaka 13, zomwe sizinavulaze vuto lililonse lanyama, kenako anthu. Supralose yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku Canada kuyambira 1991, ndipo panthawiyi palibe zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chabwino, apa, mwina, tasanthula zokoma zotchuka kwambiri. Kuti timve bwino, timapereka tebulo lofanizira lazinthu izi:

Komabe, chemistry siyimayima, ndipo m'zaka zaposachedwa mbadwo watsopano wamalo opanga shuga, omwe ali fanizo la mankhwala achilengedwe, wapezeka pamsika. Tiyeni tiyende kupyola odziwika kwambiri a iwo lero.

Wosangalatsa Kwazaka 21

Pali chomera cha ku South America chotere - stevia, kapena udzu wa uchi (lat. Stevia rebaudiana), magawo ambiri omwe ndi okoma modabwitsa. Asayansi kwa nthawi yayitali sanalabadire za iwo, chifukwa zomwe zimapezeka m'mawuwo zinali zopanda ntchito. Komabe, zabwino za chomera zomwe zinali pamalirazo zinali zikudikirira m'mapiko, ndipo pamapeto pake akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zachilengedwe anatha nthawi ndikudzipatula (mu 1931), zomwe zinakhala zokoma kwambiri kuposa shuga. Katunduyu adatchedwa chomera - stevioside, adayikapo index index yowonjezera E960.

Stevioside imaphatikizidwa ndi kagayidwe, koma zopezeka m'makola ake ndizochepa kwambiri kuti sizingaganizidwe pakuphatikizidwa kwa zakudya. Stevioside ikhoza kupezeka mwakapangidwa komanso ngati gawo limodzi la kapangidwe ka stevia. Pamaziko a izi, cholowa m'malo mwa shuga cha Greenlight chinapangidwa, chomwe chimapezeka mosavuta m'misika yayikulu yogula.

Mtengo wa stevioside udakali woluma (china chake pafupifupi ma ruble 5,000 pa kilogalamu), koma ndichabwino kuti ukhale ndi thanzi.

Ubwino wa stevioside

Zotsatira zake, stevioside samangotenga shuga ndi kukoma kwake, amachepetsa shuga m'magazi, ndipo potero amalepheretsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Komanso, stevioside amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo amakhala ndi mphamvu yoletsa kusintha zinthu.

Stevioside akuwonetsedwa mu zakudya za odwala matenda ashuga komanso onse omwe amayang'anira minyewa yawo.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, mankhwala opangidwa ndi stevia akuchulukirachulukira akuphatikizidwa pazakudya zolemetsa ndi ziwengo.

Kuvulaza kwa stevioside

Poyamba, stevioside anali wamisala. Amakhulupiriranso kuti ikhoza kukhala mutagen, ndiko kuti, kukhala ndi nyama ndi zina zosasangalatsa. Monga nthawi zonse, abale athu ang'onoang'ono adapulumutsa, maphunziro omwe adawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwakanthawi 50 kwamankhwala olimbitsa thupi kwa miyezi 10 sikunayambitse matupi awo. Mlingo wa 1 g pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera kwa nyama sizinakhudze kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo.

Ichi ndiye chinthu china chomwe chimaneneratu tsogolo labwino. Amachotsedwa pa peel wa zipatso. Kodi zidakopa chidwi bwanji?

Cytrosis imakhala yabwino kwambiri nthawi 1800-2000 kuposa sucrose. Chifukwa chake simuyenera kuvutika ndi kuchuluka kwake, makamaka popeza sizowopsa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizokhazikika pazapanthawi yayitali, mu acid ndi alkali, komanso kuwira, komwe ndikofunikira kwambiri pamakampani azakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, citrosis imaphatikizana bwino ndi zotsekemera zina, komanso imapangitsa kukoma ndi kununkhira kwa zinthu.

Glycyrrhizic acid (glycyrrhizin)

Kukoma kwa chinthuchi kumadziwika kwa aliyense amene amamwa decoction ya licorice muzu (licorice). Kukoma kwa decoction kumachitika chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mankhwala awa, omwe akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera zinthu zingapo za confectionery zochokera muzu wa licorice. Glycyrrhizin ndi wokoma kwambiri kuposa sucrose; Yoyenerera ngati yotsekemera matenda a shuga komanso ngati mbali ya zakudya, popeza ilibe kalori.

Ubwino wa glycyrrhizin

Glycyrrhizic acid ali ndi mphamvu yotsatsira, kuphatikizapo motsutsana ndi anthu papillomavirus, fuluwenza, nsungu, nthomba. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti glycyrrhizin imapangitsa kuti thupi lipange interferon.

Ilinso ndi anti-kutupa, expectorant, analgesic (analgesic), hypotensive, anti-edematous, kusintha minofu kusinthika (kuchiritsa) kanthu.

Akaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala a glucocorticosteroid, glycyrrhizin imawonjezera mphamvu zawo, zomwe zimachepetsa muyeso wawo ndikufupikitsa nthawi ya chithandizo cha matenda ena (mwachitsanzo, mphumu ya bronchial).

Vuto glycyrrhizin

Glycyrrhizic acid imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa testosterone mwa amuna, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwa libido. Nthawi zina, thupi limakhala ndi mavuto ena.

Osladin ndi mankhwala a sapidalin, omwe amapezeka koyamba masamba a fern Polipodium vulgare L. Amakhala okoma kwambiri kuposa shuga. Mpaka pomwe katundu wake amamvetsetsa bwino, kuyesedwa kwa nyama kumachitika.

Monline ndi Thaumatin

Ndiwopezeka kwina mwa malo olimbikitsa a umapangidwe wa chakudya - zotsekemera zotengera mapuloteni achilengedwe.

Monline ndi 1500-2000 nthawi yokoma kuposa shuga, thaumatin ndi 200 zikwi! Pakadali pano, zinthu izi sizinalandire ntchito chifukwa chakukwera mtengo kwa kapangidwe kake komanso chidziwitso chosaopsa cha zomwe zimachitika mthupi la munthu.

M'malo momaliza

Momwe mungasankhire lokoma - mukuganiza, poganizira zaumoyo, kuthekera kwakuthupi ndi zomwe mumakonda. Koma mfundo yoti anthu ambiri azichepetsa kudya shuga ndi gawo limodzi.

Miyezi ingapo yapitayo, ndinatsala pang'ono kusiya shuga. "Pafupipafupi", chifukwa monga ambiri a ife, sitimangokhala kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zokhala ndi shuga wobisika, womwe umapezeka mu mkate wopanda bulawuni (molasses umaonjezeredwa) kapena nsomba zam'chitini. Sindigwiritsa ntchito shuga woyengetsa, uchi, jamu, etc.

Zomwe zidandipatsa kukana shuga:

• khungu lakhala bwino: ziphuphu zakumaso, mawanga zakuda, zidayamba kupinki ndipo zimayamba kuwoneka bwino, zidayamba kuwoneka zocheperako ngati zaka zake,
• Zinakhala zosavuta kuyang'anira kulemera kwanu. Ngati mumawerengera, ndiye chifukwa chokana shuga, pafupifupi, munthu samalandira 200 kcal patsiku (zomwe zimangopezeka m'mapuni 10 okha, ndiye 50 magalamu a shuga), ndipo pachaka ndi 73000 kcal, womwe ndi wofanana ndi makilogalamu 8 a mafuta oyera,
• Zinayamba kukhazikika mmaganizo, kusintha kosinthika kunatha, kugona bwino.

Panokha, ndimatenga okoma m'maphunziro: masabata awiri - sodium cyclamate, masabata awiri - stevioside. Kotero kwa thupi kulibe kusokonezeka, chifukwa kukhala nthawi yonse pa lokoma kumakhala kanyumba, komanso kusungira chikwama. Mwa njira, yokulirapo gulu la stevioside, lotsika mtengo kwambiri. Sodium cyclamate nthawi zambiri imawononga ndalama.