Zachilendo ndi kupatuka kwa insulin m'magazi

Moni, chonde ndiuzeni kuti ndili ndi insulin pakuwunika 6.2 - izi zikutanthauza chiyani?
Irina, wazaka 35

M'mabotolo osiyanasiyana, kutengera zida zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito, miyezo ya kusanthula ikhoza kusiyana - muyenera kulemba zonse zowunikirazo ndi zomwe zimagwiridwa mu labotale yanu. M'mabotolo ambiri, insulini ndi 2.7 - 10.4 μU / ml, ndiye kuti, 6.2 - mkati mwazonse - zonse zili bwino, insulini imapangidwa nthawi zonse.

Kuti muyankhe funso lanu mwatsatanetsatane, muyenera kudziwa momwe muliri komanso ntchito yanu.

Khalidwe la mahomoni: Kodi limagwira ntchito yanji?

Hemeni ya insulin imapangidwa ndi kapamba. Udindo wake ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pamlingo wokhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa thupi kugwira ntchito moyenera.

Kupenda kuchuluka kwa mahomoni amatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, popeza mulingo wake umalumikizidwa ndi chakudya. Mulingo wa insulin m'mwazi ndi:

• mwa akulu: kuyambira 3 mpaka 25 mcU / ml,
• mwa ana: kuyambira 3 mpaka 20 mkU / ml,
• pa mimba: kuyambira 6 mpaka 27 mk unit / ml,
• patatha zaka 60: kuyambira 6 mpaka 36 mkU / ml.

Zimapereka michere ndi glucose ku ma cell amthupi, ndiye kuti zimakhala zimakhala ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti zikule ndi kukula. Ngati kuchuluka kwa insulin kuli kotsika, "kumenyedwa ndi njala" kwam'mimba kumayamba ndipo maselo amafa pang'ono pang'ono. Izi zikutanthauza kusayenda bwino m'machitidwe amoyo onse.

Koma ntchito zake sizongolembera izi. Imayang'anira momwe metabolic amapangira pakati pa chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni, chifukwa chomwe chimamangidwa minofu yambiri chifukwa cha mapuloteni.

Momwe mungakonzekerere mayeso a mahomoni?

Zambiri zosanthula sizingakhale zoona nthawi zonse, ndikofunikira kuzikonzekera molondola. Muyenera kuwunikira pambuyo pa kuthamanga kwa maola 12. Ndikofunika kuti musamwe mankhwala.

Kuti mupeze ndikupeza deta yodalirika, muyenera kuperekera magazi kawiri ndi gawo la maola awiri. Pambuyo pakupenda koyamba, yankho la glucose limatengedwa, ndiye kuti njirayi imabwerezedwa. Kuunika uku kumapereka chithunzi cholondola kwambiri cha kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi. Mulingo wake utachepetsedwa kapena kuwonjezeka, izi zikuwonetsa kusayenda bwino m'matumbo ndi matenda omwe angathe.

Kuperewera kwa Hormone: zomwe zimakhudza thupi

Insulin yotsika imayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Maselo akumva njala chifukwa sapeza glucose mu kuchuluka komwe amafunikira. Njira za metabolism zimasokonekera, glycogen imasiya kuyikika m'misempha ndi chiwindi.

Ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi, pali:

• kufunitsitsa kumwa zakumwa zambiri,
• kulakalaka chakudya komanso nthawi zonse kudya,
• kukodza pafupipafupi,
• mavuto amisala.

Ngati chithandizo sichinayambike nthawi yomweyo, kuchepa kwa timadzi timene kumayambitsa matenda a shuga.

Kutsika kumayambitsidwa ndi:

• ntchito yayikulu yamagalimoto kapena kusapezeka,
• mavuto ndi pituitary kapena hypothalamus,
• kudya kwambiri, chakudya chamafuta ambiri,
• matenda osachiritsika kapena opatsirana
• kwambiri psychoemotional boma kapena nkhawa,
• kufooka ndi kutopa.

Ngati insulin ili pamwambapa

Insulin yokwera m'magazi ndiyowopsa ngati kusowa kwake. Zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwakukulu m'machitidwe a moyo. Pazifukwa zingapo, amatulutsidwa m'magazi mu Mlingo waukulu. Zotsatira zake, mitundu yachiwiri ya shuga yosadalira insulini imatha kuchitika.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikuti kuwonjezeraku kumapangitsa kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi. Zalandiridwa chakudya chimatha kusinthidwa kukhala mphamvu kudzera muzokambirana. Kuphatikiza apo, maselo amafuta amasiya kuchita nawo michere ya metabolic.

Munthu amatuluka thukuta, kunjenjemera kapena kunjenjemera, kulumikizana, kumenyedwa ndi njala, kusowa tulo komanso nseru. Ambiri a insulin m'magazi amagwirizanitsidwa ndi zifukwa zambiri:

• kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri
• mavuto
• Type 2 shuga
• kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'thupi,
• kuchuluka kwa thupi
• maselo amakhala osazindikira insulin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga ayambe kusokonekera,
• zotupa za adrenal gland kapena kapamba,
• ovary polycystic,
• Kusokonezedwa mu zochitika za gongo.

Musanayambe chithandizo, muyenera kudziwa chifukwa chake matendawa adayamba ndi zomwe zimayambitsa. Kutengera izi, dongosolo la chithandizo likumangidwa. Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, muyenera kulandira chithandizo, kutsatira zakudya, kukhala ndi nthawi yambiri mlengalenga, masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Momwe mungachepetse milingo ya mahomoni: kupewa

Momwe mungachepetse insulin? Malamulo angapo osavuta ayenera kusamalidwa:

• muzingodya 2 kokha pa tsiku,
• ndikofunika kukana kudya kwakanthawi kamodzi pa sabata: izi zithandiza maselo kuchira,
• muyenera kuyang'anira insulin index (II) ya malonda, ndikuwonetsa zomwe zili mu glucose zomwe zili m'zinthu zina.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumachepetsa, koma osagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri,
• ndikofunikira kuwonjezera CHIKWANGWANI m'zakudya ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagetsi.

Kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito moyenera, komanso kuti munthu azikhala wathanzi, muyenera kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa timadzi tambiri tambiri komanso kuti muthe chidwi ndi zinthu zomwe zimachepetsa kapena kukulitsa kuchuluka kwake. Zonsezi zimathandiza kutalikitsa moyo komanso kuthandiza kupewa matenda. Samalirani thanzi lanu.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani insulin ndi yofunika?

Ntchito yayikulu yahomoniyi ndikusunga kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi. Imakonzanso kagayidwe ka mafuta ndi mapuloteni, ndikusintha michere yomwe imabwera ndi chakudya kukhala minofu yambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndi insulin yachilengedwe mthupi lathu:

• kupanga mapuloteni ofunikira kuti apange minofu,
• mulingo pakati pa kaphatikizidwe ndi mapuloteni amatero (ndiye kuti, minofu yambiri imapangidwa kuposa kuwonongeka),
• Mapangidwe a glycogen, omwe amafunikira kuwonjezera kupirira ndi kusinthanso maselo amisempha, amalimbikitsidwa,
• shuga, ma amino acid ndi potaziyamu nthawi zonse amalowa m'maselo.

Zizindikiro zazikulu zakusinthasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa timadzi ta m'magazi ndikumakoka pafupipafupi, kuchiritsa mabala pang'onopang'ono, kutopa kosalekeza, kuyabwa khungu, kusowa mphamvu komanso ludzu lalikulu. Nthawi zina izi zimayambitsa, kapena, kusowa kwake, komwe nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa odwala matenda ashuga omwe sanaphunzire momwe angawerengere kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa.

Wotsogola kuposa insulin yokhazikika

Kuchulukana kwotalikilapo kwa inshuwaransi kumawopseza kusintha kosasintha kwazinthu zonse zofunika m'thupi. Mwazi wake wambiri ungakhale chifukwa cha:

Kukula kochulukira kwa kuchuluka kwa timadzi timeneti mumagazi kumayambitsa kutsika kwa shuga, limodzi ndi kunjenjemera, thukuta, palpitations, kugwidwa mwadzidzidzi ndi njala, nseru (makamaka pamimba yopanda kanthu), kukomoka. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a insulin amathanso kukhala omwe amayambitsa vutoli, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa amayenera kuwerengera mosamala mlingo wake.

Pansi pa insulin yokhazikika

Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumapangitsa kuti thupi lisagwire bwino chifukwa cha:

• mtundu 1 shuga
• kumangokhala
• wodwala matenda ashuga
• zosokoneza mu pituitary gland (hypopituitarism),
• kulimbitsa thupi kwakanthawi, kuphatikiza pamimba yopanda kanthu,
• kumwa tsiku lililonse chakudya chamafuta ambiri (zopangidwa ndi ufa oyera, shuga),
• matenda osachiritsika komanso opatsirana
• kutopa kwamanjenje.

Kuperewera kwa timadzi timeneti kumalepheretsa kuchuluka kwa glucose kulowa m'maselo, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwake m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, zimapangitsa kuti muzikhala ludzu lalikulu, kuda nkhawa, kugwidwa mwadzidzidzi ndi njala, kusakwiya, komanso kuyamwa pafupipafupi. Popeza nthawi zina zizindikiro za insulin yokwera komanso yotsika m'magazi ndizofanana, kuzindikira kumachitika pofufuza magazi moyenera.

Momwe mungadziwire ngati kuchuluka kwa insulin ndi kwabwinobwino?

Nthawi zambiri, kuyesedwa komwe kumayang'ana ngati kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magulu akulu ndi amuna kumakhala koyenera kumachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa mutatha kudya kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumayenderana ndi kudya kwa thupi m'thupi. Lamuloli silikugwira ntchito kwa ana okha. M'magazi awo, kuchuluka kwa insulini kumakhala kosasinthika ngakhale mutadya chakudya chamtima. Kudalira kwa kuchuluka kwa timadzi timeneti pakukola kumapangidwa nthawi ya kutha.

Komanso, maola 24 musanapereke magazi kuti awunikirane, osavomerezeka kumwa mankhwala. Komabe, wodwalayo ayenera choyamba kunena zotere ndi dokotala wake.

Zowona zolondola kwambiri zimapezeka chifukwa cha kuphatikiza mitundu iwiri ya kusanthula kwa insulin: m'mawa amatenga magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, kenako amapatsa wodwalayo njira yothetsera shuga ndikupatsanso zinthuzo pambuyo pa maola awiri. Kutengera izi, ziganizo zimafotokozeredwa za kuwonjezeka / kuchepa kwa mulingo wa timadzi timeneti m'magazi. Pokhapokha motere, mutha kuwona chithunzithunzi chokwanira cha kapamba mwa amuna, akazi ndi ana. Mitundu yonseyi ya maphunziro imafuna magazi a venous.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe maselo amtunduwu amakhudzidwira ndi timadzi ta m'magazi, chifukwa izi, glucose komanso insulin zimatsimikiziridwa pambuyo pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, pambuyo pa maola awiri.

Phunziro lotere limaloledwa muubwana (kuyambira zaka 14) komanso akuluakulu, okalamba komanso amayi oyembekezera omwe amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali.

Pokhala njira yosavuta yodziwitsira matenda, kuyeserera kwa shuga kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi insulin m'magazi. Kodi zimachitika bwanji? Tidzamvetsetsa.

Kodi ndiyenera kuyesedwa liti?

Chifukwa matenda a shuga ndi matenda ofala kwambiri, WHO imalimbikitsa kwambiri kuyesa shuga ndi insulin kawiri pachaka.

Zochitika zoterezi zimateteza munthu ku zotsatira zoyipa za "matenda okoma", omwe nthawi zina amakula mwachangu popanda zizindikiro zotchulidwa.

Ngakhale, kwenikweni, chithunzi chachipatala cha anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndiochulukirapo. Zizindikiro zazikulu za matendawa ndi polyuria ndi ludzu losatha.

Njira ziwiri izi zimayambika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa impso, zomwe zimasefa magazi, kumasula thupi ku mitundu yonse ya poizoni, kuphatikiza shuga wambiri.

Pakhoza kukhalanso zizindikiro zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga, ngakhale atakhala ochepa, zilembo zotsatirazi:

• kuwonda msanga
• njala yosalekeza
• kamwa yowuma
• miyendo kapena dzanzi.
• mutu ndi chizungulire,
• kupukusa m'mimba (nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kubala),
• kuwonongeka kwa zida zowonekera,
• kuthamanga kwa magazi
• kuchepa kwa chidwi,
• kutopa ndi kukwiya,
• mavuto azakugonana
• mwa azimayi - kusamba kwamiseche.

Ngati zizindikiro zoterezi zikupezeka mwa inuokha, munthu ayenera kufunsa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Nawonso, katswiri nthawi zambiri amawongolera kuti apange njira yowonetsera kuchuluka kwa shuga. Ngati zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuti pali boma lomwe limayambitsa matenda ashuga, dokotala amamuwuza kuti ayesedwe.

Ndi kafukufukuyu yemwe angathandize kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kulolera kwa glucose.

Zizindikiro ndi zotsutsana mu kafukufukuyu

Chiyeso chopsinjika chimathandizira kudziwa kugwira ntchito kwa kapamba. Chomwe chikuwunikira ndikuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kumaperekedwa kwa wodwala, ndipo atatha maola awiri amatenga magazi kuti apangidwenso. Pali ma cell a beta mu kapamba omwe amachititsa insulin. Mu shuga mellitus, 80-90% ya maselo oterewa amakhudzidwa.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya maphunziro awa - amkati ndi pakamwa kapena pakamwa. Njira yoyamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. Njira iyi ya kagwiridwe ka shuga imagwira ntchito pokhapokha wodwala payekha sangathe kumwa madzi otsekemera. Mwachitsanzo, mukakhala ndi pakati kapena m'mimba mumakwiya. Mtundu wachiwiri wamaphunziro ndikuti wodwalayo ayenera kumwa madzi okoma. Monga lamulo, 100 mg ya shuga imatsitsidwa mu 300 ml ya madzi.

Kodi ndi madokotala ati omwe madokotala angaupangire mayeso ololera a glucose? Mndandanda wawo sunali wocheperako.

Kusanthula ndi katundu kumachitika ndi kukayikira:

1. Type 2 shuga.
2. Mtundu woyamba wa shuga.
3. Matenda a shuga.
4. Metabolic syndrome.
5. Prediabetesic boma.
6. Kunenepa kwambiri.
7. Kuchepa kwa kapamba ndi ndulu za adrenal.
8. Kusokonezeka kwa chiwindi kapena pituitary gland.
9. Njira zosiyanasiyana za endocrine.
10. Kusokonezeka kwa kulolera kwa shuga.

Komabe, pali zotsutsana zina zomwe machitidwe a phunziroli amayenera kukhazikitsidwa kwakanthawi. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• njira yotupa mthupi
• general malaise
• Matenda a Crohn ndi zilonda zam'mimba,
• mavuto akudya atatha opaleshoni pamimba,
• stroke yayikulu ya hemorrhagic,
• kutupa kwa ubongo kapena kugunda kwa mtima,
• kugwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera,
• kukulitsa kwa acromegaly kapena hyperthyroidism,
• kudya kwa acetosolamide, thiazides, phenytoin,
• kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa corticosteroids ndi ma steroids,

Kuphatikiza apo, phunziroli liyenera kuimitsidwa ngati pali kuchepa kwa magnesium ndi calcium m'thupi.

Kukonzekera mayesowo

Kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika kwambiri, muyenera kudziwa. Choyamba, osachepera masiku atatu musanayesedwe ndi shuga, simuyenera kukana zakudya zokhala ndi michere. Ngati wodwalayo anyalanyaza chakudya, mosakayikira zimakhudza zotsatira za kusanthula kwake, kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi insulin. Chifukwa chake, simungadandaule ngati chinthu china chikhala ndi mafuta okhala ndi 150g kapena ochulukirapo.

Kachiwiri, musanamwe magazi kwa masiku osachepera atatu, ndizoletsedwa kumwa mankhwala enaake. Izi zimaphatikizapo kulera kwapakamwa, glucocorticosteroids, ndi thiazide diuretics. Ndipo maola 15 musanayesedwe ndi katunduyo ndizoletsedwa kumwa mowa ndi chakudya.

Kuphatikiza apo, thanzi lonse la wodwalayo limakhudza kudalirika kwa zotsatira zake. Ngati munthu wachita ntchito yolimbitsa thupi tsiku loti lisanachitike kusanthula, zotsatila za phunziroli mwina sizowona. Chifukwa chake, asanatenge magazi, wodwalayo amafunika kugona tulo tabwino. Ngati wodwala akuyenera kuwunikira atasinthana usiku, ndibwino kuchedwetsa mwambowu.

Tisaiwale za mkhalidwe wama psycho-nkhawa: kupsinjika kumakhudzanso zochita za metabolic mthupi.

Kuganizira zotsatira za phunziroli

Dokotala atalandira mayeso ndi katundu m'manja, amatha kudziwa bwino wodwalayo.

Nthawi zina, ngati katswiri akukayikira, amawongolera wodwalayo kuti ayambirenso.

Kuyambira 1999, WHO yakhazikitsa njira zina zoyeserera za kulolera kwa glucose.

Zomwe zili pansipa zimakhudzana ndi kuyesedwa kwa magazi ndi chala ndikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magawo osiyanasiyana.

Ponena za zizindikiro zoyenera za shuga m'magazi a venous, ndizosiyana pang'ono ndi mfundo zomwe tatchulazi.

Gome lotsatirali limapereka zisonyezo.

Kodi insulin imakhala yotani musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi? Dziwani kuti zizindikirozo zimatha kusintha pang'ono kutengera ndi momwe Laborator wodwalayo amaphunzirira. Komabe, zofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimawonetsa kuti chilichonse chiri mu dongosolo la carbohydrate metabolism mwa munthu ndi motere:

1. Insulin musanatsatse: 3-17 μIU / ml.
2. Insulin pambuyo pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi (pambuyo pa maola 2): 17.8-173 μMU / ml.

Wodwala aliyense mwa 9 pa 10 alionse amene amadziwa za matenda opatsirana a shuga amayamba kuchita mantha. Komabe, simungakhumudwe. Mankhwala amakono samayima pakali pano ndipo akupanga njira zatsopano zothanirana ndi matendawa. Zigawo zazikulu zakuchira bwino zimakhalabe:

• mankhwala a insulini komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo,
• kuyang'anira pafupipafupi glycemia,
• kukhalabe ndi moyo wokangalika, kutanthauza, mitundu iliyonse,
• kudya mokwanira.

Kuyesedwa kwa glucose ndi kuwunika kosadalirika komwe kumathandiza kudziwa osati phindu la shuga, komanso insulini komanso osachita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ngati malamulo onse atsatiridwa, wodwala amalandira zotsatira zodalirika kwambiri.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi akufotokoza momwe angakonzekerere mayeso.

Insulin ndi timadzi tomwe timatulutsa ma cell a kapamba. Madzi a insulin zimasiyanasiyana mwa amuna ndi akazi a magulu osiyanasiyana azaka zambiri, koma ngakhale zisonyezo zing'onozing'ono izi zopanda tanthauzo zimagwira ntchito yayikulu pogwira ntchito yathu yonse.

Hulin insulin ndiyofunikira kwambiri pamoyo wamunthu, chifukwa ntchito yake yayikulu ndikukwaniritsa maselo ndi michere, monga glucose, potaziyamu, magnesium, mafuta ndi ma amino acid. Ntchito ina yofunika ya insulin ndi kapangidwe kazakudya zomanga thupi ndi mapuloteni, komanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ndi chithandizo chake kuti mulingo wokwanira wa glucose m'mwazi ukhalebe. Palinso ntchito zina za mahomoni, zomwe ndi:

• Zimatenga nawo mbali pomanga minofu chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka mapuloteni - chinthu chachikulu pakupanga minofu.
• Zoyenera kuchita pa nthawi yake ya kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi.
• Imayambitsa glycogen enzyme gulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi.

Ngati tingapenda mwatsatanetsatane njira yonse ya kupangika kwa mahomoni, kapangidwe kake ndi kusintha kwake, ndiye kuti titha kutchula njira zopitilira zana zomwe timadzi timene timapezeka.

Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi, ndikofunikira kuyezetsa magazi kuchokera pachala chala. Kuyamwa magazi kumachitika mwa amuna ndi akazi pamimba yopanda kanthu, m'mawa. Ngati mukuchititsa phunziroli mutatha kudya, maphunzirowo amatha kupitilira zomwezo, popeza ndikalandira chakudya, kapamba amayamba kupanga mahomoni mwachangu. Malinga ndi machitidwe padziko lonse lapansi, mwa azimayi, zomwe zimachitika kuyambira 3 mpaka 20 μU / ml.

Palinso zinthu zina, monga kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a chithokomiro, momwe kupatuka pang'ono pazikhalidwe kumavomerezeka - mkati mwa 28 μU / ml. Palinso chinthu china cha zaka. Insulin yamagazi mwa akazi yoposa zaka 60 imachulukitsidwa, ndipo zizindikiro kuchokera pa 6 mpaka 35 mcU / ml zidzawoneka ngati zabwinobwino. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti zizindikiro zonsezi ndizofunikira, chifukwa chamoyo chilichonse chimachita chilichonse.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali ma pathologies osiyanasiyana osakhalitsa komanso osakhalitsa omwe momwe mahomoni amatha kukhala okwera komanso otsika. Mwachilengedwe, posankha mtundu wa chizindikiro ichi, zinthu zonsezi zimawerengedwa.

Zomwe zimasinthira malinga ndi momwe zimakhalira

Mulingo wa insulin m'mwazi wa akazi zingasiyane. Izi ndichifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana, momwe zotsatirazi zimasiyanitsidwa nthawi zambiri:

1. Nthawi yaunyamata. Panthawi yakutha msinkhu, mahomoni omwe ali mu atsikana amakhala osakhazikika, motero, ndipo mulingo wa insulin umasiyana mosiyanasiyana.
2. Amayi omwe amamwa mankhwala a mahomoni ali ndi kupatuka kwakukulu kuzikhalidwe. Apanso, zonse zimalumikizana ndi kusowa kwa mahomoni.
3. Mankhwala ambiri omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi chakudya. Nthawi zambiri, vutoli limatchulidwa mu masewera othamanga komanso omanga thupi, omwe zakudya zawo zimaphatikizapo mkaka, zinthu zopangidwa ndi mapuloteni ndi CHIKWANGWANI. Zikondwererozo zimayenera kutulutsa insulin yambiri kuti apange zinthu zonsezi.
4. Milingo yokwera imatha kuonedwa mwa amayi apakati komanso oyembekezera, chifukwa amawononga mphamvu zambiri tsiku lililonse kuposa masiku onse.

Muzochitika izi, kudumphira m'magazi a insulin kwachilendo. Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kungawonetse kukhalapo kwa matenda monga kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a shuga, matenda a chiwindi, matenda oopsa a chiwindi (hepatitis, cirrhosis). Insulin yotsika imawonetsa kutopa, kupsinjika kwakuthupi ndi luntha, komanso matenda a shuga 1.

Pali zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwamankhwala a insulin. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Kuthetsa madzi m'thupi Ndikudya kwamafuta osakwanira komanso osakwanira, mutha kutsata kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni,
• Kuchuluka kwa vitamini C m'thupi kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni,
• Kuphatikizika kwovuta kwa chakudya komwe kumayenderana ndi kusaloleza kwa zakudya zina ndi thupi (mwachitsanzo, zosakanikirana ndi zoyera zoyera).

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti zosintha zonse za kapamba zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi thanzi la anthu.

Zizindikiro zakusintha kwa mahomoni m'mwazi

Insulin ndi yachilendo kwambiri, ndipo chizolowezi chake mwa akazi m'magazi chimasinthasintha. Kusintha konseku kumakhala kowoneka bwino ndipo kumakhudza moyo wabwino. Ndi kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi, zochitika zotsatirazi zingaoneke:

• Ludzu lalikulu, kusowa kwamadzi,
• Kuyamwa mwachangu
• Kwambiri mucous nembanemba. Mphuno zowuma ndizopangika
• Zotupa pakhungu
• Kulawa kowawa mkamwa (m'magawo oyamba a shuga).

Kutsika kwa chizindikirocho kumadziwika ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Kumva njala mosalekeza
• Kukongola kwa khungu
• Zosangalatsa pamtima
• Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri (thukuta lozizira)
• Chizungulire, kusazindikira.
• Kukhumudwa.

Mukangoyamba kuona zizindikiro zotere, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti akupatseni malangizo ndikupereka mayeso ofunikira. Amayi ayenera kusamala kwambiri momwe angathere ndikuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi. Pofuna kupewa zovuta zilizonse pakupanga kwa mahomoni awa, ndikofunikira kupanga zakudya moyenera.

Zotsatira zakuchuluka kapena kusowa kwa mahomoni

Kuchulukana kosalekeza kwamankhwala ambiri a insulin m'mwazi wa mkazi kumabweretsa zowononga pafupifupi pama kachitidwe onse amoyo wamunthu. Chizindikiro cha overestimated chikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa katundu pa mtima, komwe kumayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo matenda opha ziwalo ndi myocardial infarction. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumaphatikizapo kusowa kwa glucose, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi nseru, njala, chizungulire, kusazindikira, kugona bwino kwa ubongo.

Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndi insulin yowonjezereka yomwe imayambitsa matenda a shuga, koma ayi - ndizovuta zake zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Kodi zimachitika bwanji? Insulin ndi chinthu chamafuta chomwe kapamba amapanga kuti asinthe glucose. Mafuta opepuka omwe amabwera ndi zipatso, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba amasinthidwa mosavuta ndipo samayambitsa mavuto. Zakudya zamafuta kwambiri, monga shuga, chokoleti, caramel ndi mitundu ina ya maswiti, ndizovuta kwambiri kuzisintha ndipo zimafunikira mahomoni ambiri kuti azisintha. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwira pancreas sikokwanira kuthana ndi shuga omwe amalowa mthupi. Munthu amayamba kudalira insulin, chifukwa muyenera kubwezeretsanso ndalama zake poyambitsa mankhwala apadera. Pamaso pa matenda a shuga oonekera kale, pakufunika mankhwala a insulin. Dokotalayo amapereka mankhwala okwanira a mahomoni, omwe amayenera kuperekedwa mthupi nthawi zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, kusowa kwa insulin yamagazi mwa akazi kumabweretsa kukula kwa matenda opatsirana m'magazi, kukhazikika kwa mitsempha, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kulephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Zitha kupezeka m'maselo a thupi, chifukwa chomwe amalandila mphamvu kuti azigwira ntchito. Kufunika kwa insulin m'thupi kumadziwika kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi vuto loperewera mu hormone iyi. Mlingo wa mahomoni m'magazi uyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi anthu opanda matenda a shuga monga kupewa.

Insulin ndi yofunika, popanda momwe metabolism imasokonekera, maselo ndi minyewa sizigwira ntchito moyenera. Ikupangika. M'matumbo, mumakhala masamba omwe ali ndi beta cell omwe amapanga insulin. Masamba oterowo amatchedwa zisumbu za Langerhans. Choyamba, insulin yosagwira imapangidwa, yomwe imadutsa magawo angapo ndikusintha.

Ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi, momwe zimakhalira zimatha kusiyanasiyana osati ndi zaka, komanso kudya zakudya komanso zina.

Insulin imakhala ngati wochititsa. Shuga amalowa m'thupi ndi chakudya, m'matumbo mwake mumayamwa chakudya ndipo amapezeka m'magazi. Komabe, shuga pa gawo lililonse salowa m'maselo, kupatulapo minofu yodalira insulin, yomwe imaphatikizapo maselo aubongo, mitsempha yamagazi, maselo amwazi, retina, ndi impso. Maselo ena onse amafunikira insulini, yomwe imapangitsa kuti nembanemba yawo ilowerereke ndi shuga.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kukwera, minofu yotsutsana ndi insulin ingayambe kuyamwa kwambiri, chifukwa chake, magazi a shuga akachuluka kwambiri, maselo aubongo, mawonekedwe amitsempha yamagazi, ndi mitsempha yamagazi choyamba imavutika. Amakumana ndi katundu wambiri, amatenga shuga wambiri.

Ntchito zingapo zofunika za insulin:

• Zimalola kuti glucose alowe m'maselo, pomwe amang'ambika m'madzi, kaboni dioksidi ndi mphamvu. Mphamvu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi khungu, ndipo mpweya woipa umatulutsidwa ndipo umalowa m'mapapu.
• Glucose amapangidwa ndi maselo. Insulin imalepheretsa mapangidwe a mamolekyulu atsopano a shuga m'magazi, kuchepetsa nkhawa pa chiwalo.
• Insulin imakupatsani mwayi kuti musunge shuga kuti mugwiritse ntchito mtsogolo mwa mtundu wa glycogen. Pankhani yokhala ndi vuto la njala komanso kusowa kwa shuga, glycogen imasweka ndikusintha kukhala glucose.
• Insulin imapangitsa kuti maselo a thupi azikhala ovomerezeka kwa glucose okha, komanso ma amino acid ena.
• Insulin imapangidwa m'thupi tsiku lonse, koma mapangidwe ake amakula ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi (m'thupi labwino) pakudya. Kuphwanya kwa insulin kumakhudza kagayidwe konse m'thupi, koma makamaka pa kagayidwe kazakudya.

Kuzindikira ndi chizolowezi molingana ndi zaka

Kuzindikira za insulin nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi adokotala, koma ndizotheka kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi, komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga, popanda kutsimikizira, kupewa. Monga lamulo, kusinthasintha pamlingo wa mahomoniwa kumawonekera komanso kumva. Munthu amawona zizindikilo zosiyanasiyana zosasangalatsa ndi zizindikilo zakulephera kugwira bwino ntchito kwamkati.

• Muyezo wa mahomoni m'magazi a akazi ndi ana kuyambira 3 mpaka 20-25 μU / ml.
• Mwa amuna, mpaka 25 mcU / ml.
• Panthawi yapakati, minofu ndi maselo amthupi amafunika mphamvu zambiri, shuga ochulukirapo amalowa m'thupi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mulingo wa insulin ukuwonjezeka. Zomwe zimachitika mwa amayi apakati zimawerengedwa kuti ndi 6-27 mkU / ml.
• Mwa anthu achikulire, chizindikiro ichi nthawi zambiri chimakulitsidwa. A pathology amatengedwa ngati chizindikiro pansipa 3 ndi pamwamba pa 35 μU / ml.

Mulingo wa mahomoni amasinthasintha m'magazi tsiku lonse, ndipo umatanthauzanso za anthu odwala matenda ashuga, popeza kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumadalira gawo la matenda, chithandizo, mtundu wa matenda ashuga.

Monga lamulo, kwa odwala matenda ashuga, kuyezetsa magazi kwa shuga kumatengedwa, kutsimikiza kwa insulin m'magazi kumafunikira pazovuta zazikulu za matenda a shuga omwe ali ndi zovuta komanso zovuta zina za mahomoni.

Malamulo a kuthana ndi magazi a insulin mu seramu samasiyana ndi malamulo akukonzekera:

• Kusanthula kumaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Asanalembedwe magazi, sibwino kudya, kumwa, kusuta, kutsuka mano, kapena kutsuka pakamwa. Mutha kumwa madzi oyera popanda mafuta ola limodzi musanawonetsetse, koma chakudya chomaliza sichikhala pasanathe maola 8 magazi asanafike.
• Mukamayesedwa, wodwala sayenera kumwa mankhwala aliwonse. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita kusanthula masabata angapo atatha kumwa mankhwala onse. Ngati ndizosatheka kusiya mankhwalawa pazifukwa zaumoyo, mndandanda wonse wa mankhwala ndi Mlingo umaphatikizidwa pakuwunikira.
• Tsiku limodzi kapena awiri asanafike ku labotale, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukana chakudya "choyipa" (chokazinga kwambiri, zonunkhira kwambiri, nyama yamafuta, zakudya zamchere kwambiri), zonunkhira, mowa, kudya mwachangu, zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi za kaboni.
• Ndikofunika kupewa kupsinjika kwakuthupi ndi kwam'mawa tsiku lotsatira la mayeso. Musanapereke magazi, muyenera kupuma kwa mphindi 10.

Insulin yochulukirapo imatha kuwonedwa mutatha kudya, koma ngakhale zili choncho, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kuyenera kukhala mkati mwazidziwitso. Mlingo wambiri wa insulin umabweretsa zotsatira zosasinthika, umasokoneza ntchito yonse yofunika mthupi.

Zizindikiro za insulin yowonjezereka imaphatikizidwa ndi mseru panthawi yanjala, kuchuluka kwambiri kwa chakudya, kukomoka, kunjenjemera, thukuta, ndi tachycardia.

Mikhalidwe yokhudza thupi (kutenga pakati, kudya, zochita zolimbitsa thupi) kumayambitsa kukwera pang'ono kwa mahomoni. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa pathological mwa chisonyezo ichi ndimatenda akuluakulu osiyanasiyana:

• Insulinoma. Insulinoma nthawi zambiri imakhala yotupa pachilumba cha Langerhans. Chotupacho chimapangitsa kupangika kwa insulin ndipo kumabweretsa hypoglycemia. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala abwino. Chotupa amachichotsa opaleshoni, kenako pafupifupi 80% ya odwala atachira kwathunthu.
• Type 2 shuga. Matenda a 2 a shuga amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi, koma sikuthandiza mayamwidwe a shuga. Mtunduwu wa shuga umatchedwa osadalira insulini. Zimachitika chifukwa cha chibadwa kapena kunenepa kwambiri.
• . Matendawa amatchedwanso gigantism. Gland yamkati imayamba kupanga mahomoni ochulukirapo. Pa chifukwa chomwechi, kupanga mahomoni ena, monga insulin, kumatheka.
• Cushing's Syndrome. Ndi matenda amenewa, kuchuluka kwa glucocorticoids m'magazi kumakwera. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Cushing ali ndi mavuto onenepa kwambiri, mafuta mu goiter, matenda osiyanasiyana a pakhungu, kufooka kwa minofu.
• Polycystic ovary. Mwa azimayi omwe ali ndi polycystic ovary, kusokonezeka kwakulu kwa mahomoni kumawonedwa, ndikupangitsa, mwa ena, kukwera kwamisempha ya magazi.

Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi, kunenepa kwambiri, matenda oopsa, kuchuluka, nthawi zina, khansa, chifukwa insulin imapangitsa kukula kwa maselo, kuphatikizapo maselo a chotupa.

Madzi a insulin adatsitsidwa

Kuperewera kwa insulin kumapangitsa kuti shuga awonjezeke komanso kuchepa kwa kulowa kwake m'maselo. Zotsatira zake, minofu yathupi imayamba kufa ndi njala chifukwa chosowa. Anthu omwe ali ndi insulin yotsika kwambiri adakulitsa ludzu, kumenyedwa koopsa ndi njala, kusakwiya, komanso kuyamwa pafupipafupi.

Kuperewera kwa insulini m'thupi kumawonedwa motere:

• Mtundu woyamba wa shuga.Nthawi zambiri, matenda amtundu wa 1 amayamba chifukwa cha chibadwidwe chamtsogolo, chifukwa chomwe kapamba sangathe kuthana ndi mahomoni. Matenda a shuga a Type 1 ali pachimake ndipo zimapangitsa kuti wodwalayo awonongeke mwachangu. Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi njala yayikulu komanso ludzu, osalolera kufa ndi njala, koma musanenepa. Amakhala ndi zoopsa, kutopa, kupuma movutikira. Mtundu uwu wa matenda osokoneza bongo sugwirizana ndi zaka ndipo nthawi zambiri umawonekera ubwana.
• Kuzunza. Kusowa kwa insulin kumatha kupezeka mwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi maswiti. Kudya kosayenera kungayambitsenso matenda a shuga.
• Matenda opatsirana. Matenda ena osachiritsika komanso opweteka kwambiri amachititsa kuti ziwonetsero zazing'onoting'ono za ku Langerhans komanso kufa kwa maselo a beta omwe ali ndi vuto lopanga insulin. Thupi limakhala loperewera mu mahomoni, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana.
• Kutopa kwamtundu ndi thupi. Ndi kupsinjika kosalekeza komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso, kuchuluka kwa glucose kumatha, ndipo kuchuluka kwa insulin kumatha kutsika.

Zambiri za insulin zimapezeka mu kanema:

Mwambiri, nthawi yoyamba ndi yomwe imatsogolera ku kusowa kwa mahomoni. Nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala zowopsa pamoyo wamunthu. Zotsatira zamtunduwu wa shuga zimaphatikizapo hypoglycemia (kugwa kowopsa komanso kowopsa m'magazi am'magazi), komwe kumatha kubweretsa kuphwanya kwakumaso ndi kufa, ketoacidosis (kuchuluka kwa magazi m'zinthu zama metabolic ndi matupi a ketone), zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo zonse zofunika za thupi .

Popeza matendawa amatenga nthawi yayitali, mavuto enanso amatha kuchitika pakapita nthawi, monga matenda am'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba, zotupa m'miyendo, zilonda zam'mimba, kufooka kwa miyendo, komanso kupweteka kosatha.

Insulin ndi timadzi tomwe timafunikira kwambiri mthupi la munthu aliyense. Popanda iyo, kagayidwe kazakudya kamayimidwe mu maselo, mafuta nawonso sangadzikundikire muyezo woyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu kagayidwe kazakudya. Ichi ndichifukwa chake insulin yovomerezeka ndiyofunika kwambiri kwa anthu.

Mulingo wanthawi zonse wa insulin m'magazi ndi 3-20 mcED / ml. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chokhazikika, chomwe chikuwonetsa kuti munthu ali ndi thanzi. Komabe, ndi zaka, amatha kusintha kwambiri. Monga lamulo, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni mu ana pasukulu yoyambirira sikutha kusintha. Koma munthawi yakutha msinkhu, kuchuluka kwake kumadalira kwambiri zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa komanso zinthu zina zambiri. Ndiye kuti, ngati mumadya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, ndiye kuti insulin mukatha kudya ndiyabwino (6 - 27 mcED / ml) sichikhala pafupifupi. Ndi chifukwa chake kuyesedwa kwa labotali sikulimbikitsidwa kuti kumwedwa mutatha kudya: kusanthula koteroko kumangowonetsa zomwe zili zakanthawi kwa timadzi ta m'magazi. Mayeso onse amalimbikitsidwa kuti atenge pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kupatula apo, kuwunika komwe kumachitika m'mimba yopanda kanthu kumathandizira kudziwa mulingo wa mahomoni m'thupi ndikupeza lingaliro lokhudza kukhalapo kwa matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba kapena wachiwiri. Kutsika kwa insulin m'magazi kungakhale chifukwa chakuti thupi silipereka kuchuluka kofunikira paokha. Kupatuka uku kumatchedwa shuga 1 mtundu. Komabe, pakhoza kukhala zochitika pamene zimapangidwa chimodzimodzi mu kuchuluka kofunikira, koma maselo amthupi samayankha, chifukwa chomwe mulingo wamagazi sichikuchepa. Kenako tikulimbana ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Komanso, kuphatikiza kuchepa kwa thupi, pakhoza kukhala zochitika zina pamene kuchuluka kwa insulini kudutsa kwazonse. Awa nawonso ndi matenda wamba.

Kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino, ndikofunikira kuti thupi lipange insulini yokhazikika m'magazi. Ngati timadzi timeneti tili pafupi kupezeka kwathunthu kapena kuchuluka kwake kumachepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti thanzi la munthu likuchepa: kuthamanga kwa mtima kukuchuluka, nseru, kufooka kumawonekera, ndipo kukomoka ndikotheka. Ngati mumagwira ntchito pamimba yopanda kanthu ndipo simunadye kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti thupi lilibe malo oti lipeze kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa mphamvu. Koma mutatha kudya, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumadumpha kwambiri, komwe kumakhalanso ndi zotsatirapo zosasangalatsa. Ndiye chifukwa chake kudya kosavomerezeka kumayambitsa matenda oyipitsitsa, kuphatikizapo matenda a shuga.

Mukuyeneranso kukumbukira chidziwitso china chofunikira kwambiri - nthawi yopanga mahomoni awa ndi maola atatu. Chifukwa chake, kuti musunge mahomoni a insulini mwachizolowezi, muyenera kudya pafupipafupi. Ngati mulibe nthawi yakudya chifukwa chokhala ndi zochita zambiri, ndiye kuti muzisunga maswiti kapena chokoleti m'thumba lanu ndikamadya ngati mphindi yaulere. Kumbukirani kuti chakudya choyenera ndi chitsimikizo chotsimikizira kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi.

Ngati, mutapambana mayeso a insulin yofulumira, chizolowezi, chomwe ndi 3-20 mcED / ml, chidutsa ndipo mwapezeka ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, ndiye kuyambira pano muyenera kusinthiratu mwanjira ya insulin kuti mukhale ndi moyo wopindulitsa. Zikatero, wodwalayo nthawi zambiri amayatsidwa majakisoni apadera omwe amaperekedwa asanadye kapena atadya kapena malinga ndi ndandanda ya dokotala.

Khalani wathanzi ndipo sungani thupi lanu pamlingo wambiri wa insulin! Chifukwa chake mudzakhala okangalika komanso okhalitsa!

Ndemanga ndi ndemanga

Margarita Pavlovna - Feb 25, 2019 12:59 a.m.

Ndili ndi matenda a shuga a 2 - osadalira insulin. Mnzake adalangiza kuti achepetse magazi ndi DiabeNot. Ndinalamula kudzera pa intaneti. Adayamba kulandira. Ndimatsata zakudya zosasamala, m'mawa uliwonse ndidayamba kuyenda ma kilomita 2-3 ndikuyenda pansi. M'masabata awiri apitawa, ndazindikira kuchepa kwa shuga m'mamawa m'mawa asanadye chakudya cham'mawa kuyambira 9,3 mpaka 7.1, ndipo dzulo ngakhale mpaka 6.1! Ndikupitiliza njira yodzitetezera. Ndileka zolemba zabwino.

Olga Shpak - Feb 26, 2019 12:44 AM

Margarita Pavlovna, inenso ndakhala ku Diabenot tsopano. SD 2. Ndilibe nthawi yodya komanso kuyenda, koma sindimagwiritsa ntchito maswiti ndi chakudya, ndimaganiza XE, koma chifukwa cha zaka, shuga akadali wamkulu. Zotsatira zake sizabwino ngati zanu, koma kwa 7.0 shuga sizituluka sabata limodzi. Kodi mumapima shuga ndi glucometer iti? Kodi akukuwonetsani plasma kapena magazi athunthu? Ndikufuna kufananiza zotsatira ndikumwa mankhwalawo.