Zonse Zokhudza Cholesterol Yapamwamba: Zomwe Zimatanthauza, Zimayambitsa, Zizindikiro, Ndi Chithandizo

Cholesterol chamagazi ndi imodzi mwamitu yomwe imakambidwa kwambiri pamitu. Osati pachabe! Tinasiya kudya athanzi, kuyenda mwachangu komanso "kukulira" ndi zizolowezi zoipa. Kuphatikiza apo - vuto la mahomoni mwa amayi ndi abambo, cholowa cham'tsogolo komanso kuwonongeka kwa majini. Kusalinganika kwa Lipid kumagwirizananso ndi zaka, jenda, mtundu, kudziwonetsa pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zakunja. Izi ndizomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwa cholesterol metabolism ndi chithandizo, choyambirira, chimayikidwa pamaziko a iwo.

Kodi pali zizindikiro zapadera za hypercholesterolemia? Kodi zimatsogolera kuti, ndipo zingakhale zowopsa bwanji? Zoyenera kuchita ngati zotsatira za mayeso opanda magazi? Khazikani mtima pansi ndipo timvetsetse.

Cholesterol yowonjezera - Kodi Zimatanthauzanji

Choyamba, mawu ochepa okhudza cholesterol metabolism oyenera.

Cholesterol (cholesterol) ndi mowa wamafuta womwe umakhudzidwa ndikupanga mahomoni a adrenal glands ndi glands ya kugonana, Vitamini D, yomwe ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamitsempha yama cell, yomwe ndi gawo la timadziti tam'mimba.
Zimapangidwa ndi thupi lokha (makamaka m'chiwindi) ndipo limachokera ku chakudya.
Poyendetsa cholesterol kudzera m'magazi, mapuloteni apadera a mayendedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Akaphatikizidwa ndi mapuloteni, cholesterol ndi mafuta ena (triglycerides, phospholipids, vitamini E, carotenoids) amapanga lipoproteins yamafinya osiyanasiyana.
M'magazi, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumayendetsedwa ndi lipoproteins (LDL) yotsika kwambiri.
Amadyedwa ndi maselo onse amthupi momwe amafunikira.
Ma lipoproteins omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito kale (mwachitsanzo, omwe sanali mafuta) amakhala ndi kachulukidwe kwambiri (HDL), popeza kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni m'mawu kumawonjezeka.
HDL inyamula cholesterol kubwerera kuma cell a chiwindi, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka bile acid.
Zotsirizira mu kapangidwe ka bile panthawi ya chakudya zimalowa m'matumbo, zimagwira ntchito m'magazi ndipo zimawonongeka.
Cholesterol ya lipoproteins yapamwamba kwambiri imatchedwa "chabwino", chifukwa ndi yomwe imatuluka m'thupi.
Ndipo chotupitsa cha chakudya chomwe sichinanenedwe chimabwezeretsedwera m'magazi ndikulowetsa chiwindi kuzungulira kwatsopano kwa lipoprotein.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi kaphatikizidwe wama cholesterol wolakwika? Hypercholesterolemia imayamba. Zimatha kukhala kwakanthawi, mwachitsanzo, mutachita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri, kudya zakudya zamafuta, kupsinjika, zonse mwa munthu wamkulu komanso mwana. Kapena osachedwa - kumachitika pamene mayi ali ndi pakati komanso m'miyambo yothira azimayi m'miyezi yoyamba atabadwa. Kukula kofananira kwa cholesterol kumatchedwa physiological. Pambuyo pakupumula kwa maola ochepa (kapena kumapeto kwa nyengo yotsala), zizindikilo zake zimabwereranso.

Ngati magazi a cholesterol okwanira akupitiliza, ndiye kuti tikulankhula za pathological hypercholesterolemia. Zimabweretsa kudzikundikira kwa cholesterol ndi mapuloteni kukhoma kwa zotengera zazikulu ndi kuphatikizika kwazinthu izi, kuyika kwa mchere wa calcium mwa iwo, kudziphatikiza kwa magazi, kuphatikizika kwa zigawo mpaka kupasuka. M'malo mwake, magawo onse a morphological a chitukuko cha atherosulinotic plaque, momwe chiwonetsero cha matenda a atherosulinosis chimadalira, tsopano zalembedwa.

Kuchepetsa m'mimba mwake mwa lumen ndi kutsika kwa khoma kwake kumapangitsa kuti magazi asamayende bwino m'dera lolumikizana ndi minofu, makamaka ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi michere (ischemia yotsatiridwa ndi hypoxia).
Kufalikira kwathunthu kwa mzere wocheperako kumakhala kovuta ndi necrosis ya gawo kapena gawo lonse (vuto la mtima).
Kutupa kwa khoma la mtima kumangoyambitsa kukokoloka kwa chiwalo pakokha kapena m'mitsempha yowazungulira, yomwe imatha ndi kufooka kwa ziwalo kapena magazi ambiri.

Cholesterol yomwe imalowera mkati mwa makoma otupa imatchedwa "yoyipa", ndi gawo la LDL, mphamvu za thupi zomwe ndizoyenera kwambiri kulowa. Koma kudzikundikira kwachilendo kwazinthu zakunja kwa mitsempha samachitika ndi chipolopolo chamkati chosasinthika. Chifukwa chake, chinsinsi chachiwiri cha atherogenic ndicho kuwonongeka kwa endothelialwokwiyitsidwa ndi magazi osasamba, zochita za poizoni, kutentha thupi, mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Komabe, ngati mu kuwunika cholesterol (yonse kapena yokhala m'magawo otsika kwambiri a lipoproteins) iwonjezereka, izi zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo chotenga matenda a atherosulinosis chikukula kangapo.

Chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi m'madzi am'magazi kumangobweretsa chimbudzi chake, kuchuluka kwake kumawonjezera bile. Zakudya zam'mimba zimadzaza, zimadutsa bwino kudzera pakamtunda koyambira, zimachoka ndi zotsalira, zosayenda. Ili ndiye chikhalidwe chachikulu cha kupangika kwa miyala ya cholesterol. Ndikupezeka kuti ngati chisonyezo cha lipoproteins champhamvu kwambiri ("chofunikira") chikuchulukira, ndiye kuti zabwino sizokwanira.

Pali lingaliro limodzi lokha: kuwunika kwama metabolism a mafuta kumafunika kuphunzira magawo onse a lipoprotein, pamaziko omwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kwathunthu komanso kuchuluka kwa atherogenicity (kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo chokhala ndi atherosclerosis) kutsimikizika. Ndipo pambuyo poyerekeza ndi zodziwika bwino malinga ndi zaka za wodwalayo, dokotala amatha kale kulankhula za njira zowongolera.

Mitundu: ndi gawo liti lomwe limawerengedwa kuti limawonjezeka mwa amayi ndi abambo

Mosiyana ndi magawo ena a magazi (shuga, ma cell am'magazi, zizindikiro za kuphatikizika), kuchuluka kwa mafuta a cholesterol kumasintha kutengera zaka komanso jenda, ndipo kuyambira nthawi yobadwa ikukula mosalekeza. Koma chithunzithunzi chokukula pachithunzipa sichofanana: mwa amuna, nsonga yake imakhala yachilendo kutha msinkhu, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa androgens, mwa azimayi ali ndi mawonekedwe omwe amakula bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, ziwerengero zomwe zingafanane ndi zosiyana kwa amuna komanso akazi. Chifukwa chake, cholesterol yayikulu kapena yotsika - zimatengera momwe wodwalayo ali ndi zaka zambiri, chikhalidwe chake ndi mtundu wake wamagulu ake.

Kuti zitheke, ma tebulo apadera apangidwa omwe amafotokozera mwachidule zofunikira za zigawo zonse za lipoprotein ndi cholesterol yathunthu, komanso mapuloteni onyamula, potengera mawonekedwe amwini wa nkhaniyo. Zigawo za muyeso mwa izo ndi mmol pa lita kapena milligram pa desilita iliyonse. Udindo waukulu pakuwunika kwa metabolidi ya lipid umaseweredwa osati zochuluka mwakudziyimira pawokha komanso otsika osalimba a lipoprotein cholesterol monga chiyezo pakati pazigawo.

Char Ma chart a Cholesterol a Women and Men by Age

Madokotala amatsimikizira zotsatira za kusanthula kwachilengedwe ndi zomwe zili m'matebulawo, ndipo amatsimikiza ndi njira zina zamankhwala.

Cholesterol pang'ono kapena pang'ono pang'ono zitha kuwongoleredwa pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zotsitsa mafuta m'thupi, kukonza zakudya, komanso njira zamankhwala azikhalidwe.

Mulingo wokwera kwambiri, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ndi mankhwala apadera. Ndipo nthawi zambiri poika iye, wodwalayo amafunika kuchita kafukufuku wowonjezereka komanso kufunsa akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito yawo.

Chofunikira ndikukonzekera zopereka zamagazi, kuyang'ana kwazotsatira zimatengera izi. Pamaso mayeso, tikulimbikitsidwa:

Kutsatira mosamala kudya - kwa masiku angapo,
kuchepa kwa zolimbitsa thupi - m'masiku atatu,
kupewa kupsinjika ndi kupsinjika kwamaganizidwe - komanso m'masiku ochepa,
kudya kwambiri - mu maola 12,
ndudu yomaliza (ya osuta) - theka la ola.

Zifukwa: chifukwa cholesterol imakwera

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumawonjezereka ngati kapangidwe kake ndikugwiritsira ntchito kuyenera kukhala koyenera m'thupi? Kupatula apo, njira zonse zimayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni ndi dongosolo lamanjenje, ndipo mopitirira muyeso wazinthu zilizonse m'madzi a m'magazi, kaphatikizidwe kake kamakhala kosaloledwa ndipo chimbudzi chimathandizira. Zowonjezera zimapangidwa kuchokera kuphwanya mgwirizano wamachitidwe awa. Ndipo pali zifukwa zambiri za izi.

Choyipa chachikulu koposa zonse ndi cholowa cha hypercholesterolemia. Zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa majini chifukwa cha momwe mulibe michere yokwanira kapena yopanda ma enzymes omwe amaphulitsa lipids, mawonekedwe a mapuloteni onyamula amawonongeka, ma receptor padziko lamaselo a chiwindi, ndi lipoproteins amasinthidwa. Zochitika zoterezi ndizosowa, koma zimatsogolera kukuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol ndi kukula kwa atherosulinosis.
Itha kulandira cholowa ndipo kudziwiratu, yomwe sikuti imayambitsa matenda a mtima ndi mtima. Mwachidule, ngati pali zinthu zina za atherogenic, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lotha kukonzekera amadwala mwachangu kuposa popanda izo.
Choyambitsa chachikulu cha cholesterol chambiri chimakhala pafupipafupi. chakudya chopanda pake (wokazinga, wokhuta ndi mafuta azinyama, trans mafuta). Kudya kamodzi kokha kwamtunduwu kumangokulitsa kulumikizana kwakanthawi kochepa, komwe kumachitika tsiku lotsatira (pokhapokha mutaphwanya mfundo za zakudya zopatsa thanzi).
Cholesterol cholakwika chimakhudzanso kakhalidwe: kusowa tulo ndi kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa, kusuntha koopsa usiku ndikutsatira kupuma, kusowa masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Thandizani kuwonjezereka kwa kuchuluka kwa lipids "zoyipa" komanso kuwonetsa pafupipafupi kupsinjika, chifukwa mothandizidwa ndi adrenaline, kugunda kwa mtima komwe kumafunikira mphamvu yayitali. Imaperekanso cholesterol limodzi ndi glycogen. Hypercholesterolemia ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri ngati matenda osokoneza bongo omwe angayambitse matenda osokoneza bongo omwe angayambitse vuto lalikulu la metabolic.
Cholesterol kuwonjezera kwambiri kapena pachimake poyizoni, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo onse amthupi, kuphatikizapo chiwindi.
Hypercholesterolemia imawonekera ndipo kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni, mwachitsanzo, ndi chithokomiro chochepetsedwa, pamene metabolism yayikulu imachepetsedwa, motero, cholesterol metabolism.
Matenda a chiwindi ndi impso zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira ndikulephera kwathunthu kuchotsa zinthu za metabolic zimapangitsanso kuti mafuta a cholesterol (panjira, chifukwa cha izi, mulingo wa metabolites ena mu plasma - urea ndi creatinine) uwuke.
Mndandanda wosiyana ukhoza kuphatikiza ndi matenda ena osachiritsika omwe hypercholesterolemia imakhala yotsatira komanso chifukwa: matenda a shuga, matenda oopsa (odziimira pawokha kapena owonetsa), kunenepa kwambiri, ndi matenda a oncological.
Cholesterol wokwera ndi chimodzi mwazotsatira zamankhwala ena: beta-blockers, glucocorticosteroids, protease inhibitors, diuretics, mavitamini A analogues, mahomoni ogonana achikazi, cyclosporin.

Pankhani ya psychosomatics (kutengera kwa malingaliro pazomwe zimachitika komanso chitukuko cha matenda) chomwe chingayambitse kuphwanya osati kuthekera kusangalala.

Osati Louise Hay okha omwe amatsatira lingaliro ili. Dokotala wodziwika bwino wa homeopathic Valery Sinelnikov amaonanso chisangalalo ndi chisangalalo m'moyo ndicho chimayambitsa matenda a lipid metabolism. Chifukwa chake pali chiyembekezo china!

Zizindikiro: Zizindikiro za Cholesterol Yapamwamba

Ziribe kanthu kuti hypercholesterolemia ili yovuta bwanji, sizimawoneka ndi zizindikiro zachindunji. Kupatula kwa xanthomas, pamene cholesterol yowonjezereka imayikidwa mwachindunji pansi pa khungu (ngakhale ilinso yotsatirika: xanthomas ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro choyamba cha leukemia).

Mitundu yopanda ululuyi imakonda kupezeka pakhungu, kumapeto, kumapazi, m'miyendo, kumapazi kapena pansi pa matako.

M'chigawo cha eyel, ali ndi dzina lina - xanthelasma. Ma Xanthomas amaimiridwa ndi mawanga, ma tubercles, papule lathyathyathya kapena mafupa amtundu wachikasu wonyezimira, wopanda malire kuchokera pakhungu lozungulira. Kukhalapo kwa izi kwa morphological ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuyambitsa kusiyanitsa mitundu.

Pali zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zingasonyeze hypercholesterolemia m'thupi. Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumabweretsa kugona kosalekeza, kupweteka kwa mutu kwapafupipafupi monga migraines, kusapeza bwino komanso kupweteka mu hypochondrium yoyenera, kusintha kwa chilimbikitso, kutopa msanga, mantha komanso kusakwiya. Anthu omwe lipoprotein yokhala ndi cholesterol imakwezedwa nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsa izi ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mlengalenga, tsiku lovuta, kusintha kwa mahomoni (mwa azimayi), kapena kuyambika kwa SARS.

Kungoyesedwa kwa magazi a venous ndi kutsimikiza kwa zonse zomwe zingasonyeze mawonekedwe a lipid ndizomveka. Zizindikiro zakunja ndi zomverera zili ndi tsankho.

Zoopsa: Zotsatira Zotheka

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kumabweretsa matenda a mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi, mu bile imakhudza mapangidwe amwala. Koma matenda a m'mimba samachitika ndendende: zimayenda m'kupita kwa zaka, chifukwa chake cholesterol ikapezeka m'madzi a plasma kuposa momwe zimakhalira, kuwongolera kuyenera kuchitika nthawi yomweyo. Kupanda kutero, njira zosasinthika zitha kuchitika, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowopsa.

Kwambiri Cholesterol zimakhudza thupi ndi kukhala bwino motere.

1) Atherosulinotic zigawo kupangidwa mu ziwiya zotanuka ndi zotanuka-zotanuka mtundu. Izi zimaphatikizira kwa msempha ndi nthambi zake (zamtima, zam'mapapo, impso, matumbo), ziwiya ndi miyendo ndi ubongo. Izi ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za m'magazi, motero kusokonezeka kwa magazi m'magaziwo kumabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta zakupha:

myocardial infarction (njira yovuta ya ischemic matenda a mtima),
matenda a mtima osakhazikika, ophatikizika ndi kutsika kwamtima komanso kwamphamvu kwambiri,
matenda a mtima (chifukwa cha kusinthika kwa mavuvu ake kapena kupindika mabowo),
Ischemic stroke (yokhala ndi mitsempha yotsekeka),
matenda a m'magazi (ndi chotumphukira cha ziwiya za m'mimba zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi atherosulinosis),
zilonda zam'mimba kapena matumbo.

2) Matenda a Gallstone ali ndi zopsinjika. Mwachitsanzo, miyala ing'onoing'ono imatha kulowa mu ndulu za bile ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zina, ndikupaka thupi ndi bilirubin mpaka kukomoka. Kapena imani khosi la ndulu, kupweteka kwa hepatic colic. Chachikulu - chitha "kugona" ku bedore ndi kukokoloka kwa khoma ndi kukula kwa biliary peritonitis.

Chithandizo: Njira zochepetsera cholesterol

Zonsezi zimayamba ndi kuyesa kwa mbiri ya lipid, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka - ndikudziwitsidwa kokwanira ndi kupezeka kwa akatswiri ochepa. Ngati cholesterol imakwezedwa, kuphatikiza kwake kuyenera kusintha. Osangotayira mapiritsi nthawi yomweyo, yambani ndi njira zina zowonjezera mphamvu. Njira zoyendetsera wodwalayo zimadalira kuchuluka kwa Hypercholesterolemia komanso magawo a matenda ammbuyo.

Kudya wathanzi

Malangizo azakudya ndi imodzi mwanjira zofunika pakuchiritsira. Kupatula apo, chifukwa chodziwika bwino cha cholesterol yapamwamba ndizopatsa thanzi, ndipo ndi zakudya zoyenera, mutha kukwaniritsa kuchepetsa kwakukulu. Chakudyacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kuchuluka kwamasamba obiriwira, nyama yopanda mphamvu yophika popanda kukazinga, tirigu wathunthu, zakudya zopezeka ku Omega-3.

Ngati cholesterol imakwezedwa pang'onopang'ono, ndiye kuti kukonzanso kwina sikungakhale kofunikira, ndi kuchuluka kwambiri, mankhwala othandizira amakakamizidwa, omwe zakudya zomveka sizingakonzedwe.

Kusintha kwa moyo

Popeza kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumadalira zochitika zolimbitsa thupi komanso kukhalapo kwa zizolowezi zoyipa, zosintha zimapangidwanso ku moyo. Katundu aliyense wamasewera amathandizira kagayidwe, amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati gwero lamphamvu, phunzitsani mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Chifukwa chake, masewera amateur ndi njira yabwino polimbana ndi cholesterol. Ndipo kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwake, madokotala amalimbikitsa kusiya kusuta fodya komanso kumwa mowa.

Zithandizo za anthu

Hypercholesterolemia yafupika imatheka ndi zitsamba zamankhwala zomwe zimalepheretsa kaphatikizidwe, zimathandizira kuthetsa kapena kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'matumbo. Koma mankhwala achikhalidwe samatchulidwa padera, makamaka ngati kuwunikira kuli ndi cholesterol yokwanira bwino. Izi ndizongowonjezera pa zovuta kuchipatala.

Mankhwala

Ndi cholesterol yayikulu, mankhwala akuluakulu ndi ma statins. Amabwezeretsa pang'onopang'ono koma moyenera kubwezeretsa bwino kwa lipid, motero adzatengedwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Ma Statin amaphatikizidwa ndi mapiritsi ena a cholesterol: ma fiber, bile acid sequestrants, mayamwidwe a cholesterol, mavitamini, zowonjezera pazakudya komanso mankhwala azamba.

"Zogwirizanitsa ndi zidutswa za buku" Chifukwa chiyani nyama zilibe vuto la mtima, koma anthu amatero! "About cholesterol and atherosranceosis

Cholesterol okwera si matenda, koma kusintha kwa magazi. Zitadziwika kale za iye, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu osadikirira kuti pakhale zovuta zambiri. Ndipo akatswiri okhawo omwe angamvetse zakuphwanya komwe kwachitika, akhazikitse zomwe zimayambitsa ndikuwongolera kukonza koyenera.