Kiwango cha Plasma Shuga: Kusanthula kwa glucose

Magazi a shuga m'magazi amasintha tsiku lonse. Kuchepa kwa ndende kungakhale chifukwa cha njala, zolimbitsa thupi, kapena ntchito. Mlingo wa shuga ndikofunikira kuti azindikire matenda osiyanasiyana a matenda, kuphatikizapo matenda ashuga, popeza matendawa amatha kupitilira pomwe obisika.

Nthawi zambiri, kudziwika kwa matenda omwe amapezeka m'matumbo kumachitika mwamwayi panthawi yoyesedwa kuchipatala kapena mayeso a chipatala. Ngati shuga wa plasma aposa vuto, ndiye kuti dokotala amakupatsani kuyesedwa kowonjezera kwa magazi, kapena kuyesa kwa glucose.

Pazomwe zimayikidwa

Zida zofufuzira zimatengedwa kuchokera ku capillaries kapena ku venous shipping.

Kudziwitsa shuga wamagazi ndikofunikira:

• kuyang'ana kwa odwala omwe ali ndi katundu wobadwa nawo komanso / kapena kunenepa kwambiri, kusintha kwokhudzana ndi zaka pakati pa anthu azaka zopitilira 40,
• akuwoneka kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za hypo- ndi hyperglycemia,
• kudziwa kapena kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa kufooka ndikuchepa kwa ntchito,
• matenda a endocrine
• kutenga corticosteroids kapena okodzeya,
• Matenda ochirikizika osagwirizana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kupanikizika mpaka 140/90,
• zosokoneza mu chiwindi (matenda enaake),
• boma la prediabetes. Kusanthula kumachitika nthawi zingapo,
• kuyeza shuga kwa odwala matenda a shuga kwa nthawi yayitali,
• kuwunika ntchito zapakhansa ndi kupanga insulini (kumachitika ndi kuwunika kwa C-peptide),
• pa nthawi yobereka mwana.

Zotsatira za kuyeserera kwa glucose:

• pachimake matenda opatsirana m'thupi, kutentha thupi,
• wachitatu trimester mimba,
• ana osakwana zaka 14,
• kuchuluka kwa matenda apachikondwerero,
• acromegaly, pheochromocytoma.

Kukonzekera kwa kusanthula

Kuzindikira kumachitika m'mawa, makamaka asanadye chakudya cham'mawa.

Pamaso pa njirayi, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena:

Kwa zaka zambiri ndakhala ndikuphunzira za zovuta za DIABETES. Zimakhala zowopsa anthu ambiri akamwalira, ndipo makamaka amakhala olumala chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Ndithamangira kunena mbiri yabwino - Endocrinological Research Center ya Russia Academy of Medical Science idatha kupanga mankhwala omwe amachiritsiratu matenda ashuga. Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwalawa kuyandikira 100%.

Nkhani ina yabwino: Unduna wa Zaumoyo wateteza kukhazikitsidwa kwa pulogalamu yapadera yomwe imalipilira mtengo wonse wa mankhwalawo. Ku Russia ndi mayiko a CIS odwala matenda ashuga kale Julayi 6 alandire mankhwala - ZAULERE!

1. chakudya chamadzulo ndichofunikira maola 12 phunzirolo lisanachitike,
2. Sizoletsedwa kudya chakudya cham'mawa tisanawunike,
3. Simungathe kumwa tiyi, khofi, mankhwala okoma a mankhwala osakaniza ndi zakudya zowonjezera kapena zakumwa za mkaka wowawasa. Mumaloledwa kumwa kapu yamadzi,
4. akatswiri ena samalimbikitsa kuti kutsuka mano kuwachotsere matenda.

Zinthu zotsatirazi zingakhudze mayeso:

• mowa asanaphunzire,
• kumwa kwambiri kapena kusowa kwamadzi,
• kulimbikira ntchito
• kusuta musanafike
• kupsinjika
• ARVI,
• pogona pakama.

Kodi zikuchitika bwanji?

Kuzindikira kumachitika m'magawo angapo. Pakadutsa mayeso, simuyenera kuyenda kapena kugwira ntchito zaluso.

Kafukufuku:

• Mpanda woyamba umachitika pamimba yopanda kanthu.
• Mukayezetsa magazi, katundu wa glucose amachitika. Kuti muchite izi, zinthu zowuma zimaphatikizidwa m'madzi owiritsa ndipo wodwalayo amapatsidwa chakumwa kwa mphindi 5. Kwa anthu olemera mpaka 40 makilogalamu, ndende imawerengeredwa payekhapayekha. Ndi kunenepa kwambiri, mpaka 100 g ya zinthu imasungunuka m'madzi.
• Kupereka mobwerezabwereza magazi kumachitika mutatha kutenga yankho lililonse theka la ola lililonse kwa maola awiri kuti mupeze mavuto ndi kuperewera kwa chakudya.

Kupenda kwa shuga kuchokera m'mitsempha kumaikidwa mu chubu chapadera chomwe chimakhala ndi sodium fluoride ndi anticoagulant. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi kumalepheretsa glycolysis komanso kukhalabe ndi glycemia. Kuphatikiza magazi kumachitika mosamala ndikumasulira chubu. Mukamawerengera zonse, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi am'magazi a venous ndi okwera kuposa ma capillaries.

Ndili ndi zaka 47, anandipeza ndi matenda a shuga a 2. M'masabata angapo ndinapeza pafupifupi 15 kg. Kutopa nthawi zonse, kugona, kumva kufooka, kuwona kunayamba kukhala pansi.

Nditakwanitsa zaka 55, ndinali nditadzibaya kale ndi insulin, zonse zinali zoipa kwambiri. Matendawa adapitilirabe, kukomoka kwakanthawi kunayamba, ambulansi imandibwezera kuchokera kudziko lina. Nthawi zonse ndimaganiza kuti nthawi ino ikhala yomaliza.

Chilichonse chinasintha mwana wanga wamkazi atandilola kuti ndiwerenge nkhani imodzi pa intaneti. Simungayerekeze m'mene ndimamuyamikirira. Nkhaniyi inandithandiza kuthana ndi matenda ashuga, omwe amati ndi osachiritsika. Zaka 2 zapitazi ndidayamba kusuntha kwambiri, nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe ndimapita kumayiko tsiku lililonse, ndikumalima tomato ndikugulitsa pamsika. Azakhali anga amadabwa ndimomwe ndimapangira chilichonse, komwe ndimapeza mphamvu zambiri, sakhulupirira kuti ndili ndi zaka 66.

Ndani akufuna kukhala ndi moyo wautali, wamphamvu komanso kuiwalako za matenda oyipawa kwamuyaya, tengani mphindi 5 ndikuwerenga nkhaniyi.

Kulemba zotsatira

Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufukuyu, khosi ya shuga imamangidwa, yomwe imawonetsa dziko ndikugwira ntchito kwa endocrine system. Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zili m'magazi a m'magazi siziyenera kupitirira 7.6 mmol / L. Dongosolo la asanafike matenda a shuga limadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo wapamwambowu ndi 1 mmol / L mpaka 10.

Zizindikiro zofananira

Miyezi yachilengedwe ya shuga ya magazi imadalira zaka:

• Makanda mpaka 1 mwezi. - 2.7-4,
• Kuyambira mwezi woyamba mpaka zaka 14 - 3.33-5.5,
• Zaka 15 - 60 - 3.8-5.8,
• Pambuyo pa 60 - 6.5.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimakhudza kusintha kwazomwe zimapangitsa chakudya:

• Ngati mupenda nthawi yomweyo mukatha kudya kapena ola limodzi mutatha kudya, zotsatira zake zimasiyana.
• Kuchepa kwa glucose kumachitika pang'onopang'ono maola angapo mothandizidwa ndi kutengeka mtima kapena ntchito.

Kuonjezera shuga kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi:

1. pheochromocytoma - chotupa cha adrenal gland chomwe chimapangitsa kupanga glycogen,
2. Matenda a Cushing - matenda a pituitary gland, amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa plasma corticosteroids,
3. zotupa zoyipa mu kapamba zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa maselo omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale insulin,
4. aakulu a chiwindi
5. kutenga GCS - kumayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda a shuga a steroid,
6. premenstrual syndrome. Amayi ambiri ali ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi,
7. kudya kwambiri zamoto kwambiri,
8. hyperthyroidism.

Zifukwa zochepetsera shuga:

• uchidakwa
• hypothyroidism
• kuchuluka kwa insulin kukonzekera,
• kuchuluka kwambiri
• zovuta m'mimba zokhudzana ndi mayamwidwe ndi mayamwidwe am'madzi,
• Njala.

Hypoglycemia imadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'magazi ndipo imayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha: thukuta limachuluka, kunjenjemera kumawoneka miyendo, komanso kukokana. Popanda thandizo, wodwalayo amatha kudwala, kukomoka, kuyamba kuyerekezera zinthu zina, kumangidwa komanso kupuma mtima sikugwira ntchito.

Kutsitsa shuga koyambirira kumatha kupezeka ali mwana. Nthawi zina zizindikiro zimatsimikiziridwa mwa anthu pokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa zakudya. Kuti tithane ndi zizindikirozi pamenepa, ndikokwanira kuyambitsa zovuta zam'magazi mu zakudya.

Glycated hemoglobin mayeso

Gawo la hemoglobin yonse yozungulira yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi shuga. Chizindikiro chimayezedwa ngati peresenti. Amawerengera anthu omwe akuwakayikira ngati njira yowonjezerapo matenda.

Ndondomeko ili ndi zinthu zingapo zabwino:

• kusanthula kungatengedwe masana,
• Zotsatira zake ndizolondola kwambiri, chifukwa sizikhudzidwa ndi nkhawa, kudya zakudya, katundu kapena kumwa mankhwala.
• amayang'anira shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayo,
• imatsimikizira kapena kukana omwe adapezeka kale ndi matenda osokoneza bongo.

Nthawi zambiri, cholembera cha hemoglobin chimafika pa 5.7%. Pankhani yakukula kwa matendawa, zotsatira za kusanthula zidzakhala zapamwamba - 6.4%.

Magazi a shuga m'magazi

Ndikothekanso kuwunika shuga kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer. Chipangizo chojambulachi chimazindikira kuyanjana kwa shuga ndi reagent. Kuchuluka kwa dontho la magazi la capillary kuli ndi miyeso yosiyanasiyana ndipo zimatengera msinkhu wa wodwala komanso kampani ya glucometer. Zomwe zimatuluka pazipangizo zamalondazo sizitenga masekondi 10 okha. Mukasunga chipika cholamulira, ndizotheka kusunga zofunikira zomwe zidakumbukiridwazo.

Kupewa shuga

• Kugwirizana ndi zakudya komanso zakudya zoyenera. Kupatula madzi otsekemera, mtundu uliwonse wa zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa.
• Zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi.
• Kuthetsa nkhawa komanso kusowa tulo.

Kusanthula kwa shuga m'magazi ndi njira yothandizira yomwe imakuthandizani kuti mupeze kupezeka kwa njira zazikulu za matenda. Kuzindikira koyambirira kumapangitsa kuti matenda azikhala bwino, amathandiza kuyambitsa chithandizo chanthawi komanso kupewa mavuto.

Kodi shuga wa m'magazi ndi chiyani, njira zodziwira matenda komanso kuwunika

Kukula kwa m'magazi a plasma kuyenera kuyenera kuchitidwa machitidwe onse a ziwalo zonse ndi ziwalo, pomwe kupatuka kulikonse kwa chizindikirochi kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zoipa za thupi. Kagayidwe kake ka carbohydrate koyenera kumakhala ndi mphamvu komanso kumakupatsani mphamvu kuti mupeze bongo mokwanira.

Madzi a m'magazi a Plasma

Ngati shuga m'magazi a m'magazi sanatengeredwe bwino, izi zingayambitse kukula kwina kwa matenda ashuga. Ndipo ili ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe nthawi zambiri limadzetsa zovuta. Popewa matendawa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mchitidwe wa shuga m'madzi ammagazi

Mluza umalowa m'thupi la munthu kudzera mu chakudya chomwe umakhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri. Kudzera kagayidwe kachakudya njira ya michere, iwo kuwola kwa shuga - monosaccharide. Pambuyo pake, michereyi imafika komwe imadutsa m'magazi - minofu ndi ulusi.

Koma mamolekyulu a glucose popanda thandizo lakunja sangathe kulowa m'maselowo kuti azikondweretsa ndikuwapatsa mphamvu. Apa ndipomwe insulin imawonekera, kulola kuti nembanemba ya cell ikhalevomerezekenso. Pamodzi ndi izi, insulini imapangitsa kapangidwe ka glycogen - mu mawonekedwe amtunduwu, shuga amapezeka m'thupi.

Kuperewera kwa insulin kumayambitsa matenda a shuga. Ndi matendawa, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi okwera kwambiri mpaka kumapangitsa kukomoka, kusayenda bwino kwa mtima, komanso ketoacidosis (kudzikundikira kwa matupi a ketone m'magazi).

Maganizo a shuga m'magazi poyesa glucose akuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 2. Ichi ndi chidziwitso chofunikira kuti chikuthandizeni kumvetsetsa za thanzi lanu.

Magazi shuga wamba - tebulo la capillary magazi

Ngati mwadutsa kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha kupita m'mimba yopanda kanthu, ndipo shuga wa plasma ali pamtunda wa 5.9 - 6.8 mmol / L, muyenera kusamala, izi zimatchedwa prediabetesic. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo amasokoneza kagayidwe kazachilengedwe. Ndikofunika kuchitapo kanthu panthawi yochepetsera shuga. Kupanda kutero, matenda a shuga sangathe kupewedwa.

Malingana ndi momwe shuga wa plasma amapitilira muyeso wa 6.9 mmol / l, madotolo apanga matenda a shuga mellitus. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo chiyenera kuyambitsidwa nthawi yomweyo kupewa zovuta zina: kuwonongeka kwa mathero a mitsempha, mitsempha yamagazi, impso, khungu, ndi zina zambiri.

Zofunika! Nthawi zina mwa amayi akulu ndi abambo, kuphatikiza ana, shuga omwe amapezeka amakwera mpaka 10 mmol / l. Ili ndi vuto lalikulu chifukwa kukomoka kwa mitsempha kumatha kuchitika. Ndipo pankhaniyi, ngakhale adrenaline sichithandiza kusintha zinthu.

Kodi shuga ya seramu yamagazi imayesedwa bwanji?

Pali njira ziwiri zothandizira kudziwa shuga m'magazi. Poyambirira, kusanthula kumachitika kokha pamimba yopanda kanthu, kwinaku lachiwiri - pambuyo pobaya lamadzi lomwe lili ndi shuga (lolemedwa).

Kuyesedwa kwa labotale kumapangidwira anthu azaka zilizonse, kuphatikiza amayi oyembekezera. Kuphatikiza pa matenda ashuga, zimakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone zovuta zina zamatenda zomwe zimadziwika ndi kuwonjezereka kwa gawo ili. Chitsanzo chosangalatsa cha izi ndi kulephera kwa ma adrenal glands.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuti mupeze shuga wa plasma

Kupereka magazi mwachangu kumathandiza kupewa zopotoza zomwe zimachitika munthu akalumpha m'magazi a glucose atatha kudya. Pali malamulo ena omwe akuyenera kutsatiridwa kuti kafukufuku wa plasma akhale wodalirika. Chifukwa chake:

1. Musanafike poyesa kuti mumupatse mayeso, ndizoletsedwa kudya kwa maola 12. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kusanthula m'mawa, musanadye chakudya cham'mawa.
2. Simungathe kudzipereka nokha, ndikudya usiku. Izi zimakhudza kuwerenga kwa shuga, ndipo kusanthula koteroko kudzapereka zotsatira zosadalirika.
3. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito ku chakumwa chilichonse: khofi kapena tiyi. Ndikofunikira kuti musawachotse musanawunike. Amaloledwa kumwa kapu yamadzi oyera.
4. Amakhulupirira kuti ngakhale kupukuta mano musanapereke magazi sikuyenera. Kutsuka mano kumakhudzanso shuga.
5. Kuchita kafukufuku wamankhwala amtunduwu, magazi amatengedwa kuchokera ku chala, nthawi zambiri - kuchokera mu mtsempha.
6. Mitengo ya glucose pamtunda wa 5.8 mmol / L imawerengedwa ngati zonyansa zomwe zimawonetsa zovuta zaumoyo. Poterepa, malamulo a kagayidwe kazakudya amawonongeka.

Kodi kafukufuku wopangira shuga amapangidwa bwanji?

Ngati palibe kuwonjezeka pambuyo poyesedwa magazi, ndipo zizindikiro zonse za matenda a shuga zimakhalapo, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti kupezeka kwa shuga kumapeto kwa shuga. Kusanthula kumeneku kumachitika mukatha kudya:

1. Kukonzekera kuwunikaku kumalimbikitsidwa chimodzimodzi monga kuzindikira kusala kudya.
2. Choyamba, magazi amatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu.
3. Kenako munthu amamwa yotsekemera. Amakonzedwa ndikuphatikiza 150 g ya glucose ndi 60 ml ya madzi.
4. Hafu ya ola litatha kumwa madzi otsekemera, kuyesa magazi kumachitidwanso. Kukuthandizani kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi mutatha kumwa monosaccharides.
5. Pambuyo pa theka linanso la ola, wodwalayo amamuikanso magazi. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mudziwe momwe thupi limayankhira kuchuluka kwa glucose (kuchuluka kwa kupanga kwa insulin).
6. Kuwunikiranso kumachitika mobwerezabwereza theka lililonse la ola ndipo pambuyo pake kumawerengedwa.

Ngati munthu ali wathanzi, ndiye kuti atatha madzi okoma kuwonjezeka kwa shuga sikuposa 7.6 mmol / L. Ngati kuwerenga kuli pamwamba pa chizolowezi, muyenera kuda nkhawa - ichi ndi chizindikiro cha prediabetes.

Dziko lisanafike shuga limadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu pamlingo wa 7.7 - 11 mmol / l. Pankhaniyi, madokotala adzalembadi mankhwala othandizira kuti asayambitse matenda ashuga. Pambuyo poti kusanthula kwadutsa 11 mmol / l, titha kulankhula za kuzindikira kwa matenda ashuga. Izi zingafune kuyesedwa kwa labotale kwa insulin.

Zofunika! Zovuta zakuzindikira zili poti nthawi zina ngakhale wodwala, insulin imakhala yochepa. Mwina voliyumu yofunikira imapangidwa m'thupi, koma maselo amayipeza molakwika.

Kodi ndingapeze kuti kuyesa kwa magazi?

Masiku ano pali zipatala zachitetezo zachinsinsi ndi ma labotale omwe angathe kuchita izi mosamala bwino komanso moyenera.Chitsanzo chowoneka bwino cha izi chinali mabungwe azachipatala a Invitro ndi Helix. Pa ntchito yawo, adakhala ndi mbiri yabwino ndipo apangitsa anthu ambiri kukhala athanzi komanso osangalala.

Koma awa ndi mankhwala olipiridwa. Ndipo ngati mulibe mwayi wotere, mutha kulumikizana ndi oyang'anira zamankhwala kuchipatala komwe amakhala. Zikuthandizirani kuti muyesere kuyesa popanda kulipira.

Njira zodzitetezera kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi

Ngati kupatuka kwa chizolowezi cha shuga m'magazi a m'magazi kuli kochepa, kukhoza kuwongolera posankha mndandanda woyenera. Kuti muchite izi, ndikulimbikitsidwa kupewa zakudya zomwe zimachulukitsa shuga momwe ndingathere. Ichi ndi mikate yoyera, pasitala, vinyo komanso zakumwa zozizilitsidwa ndi kaboni. Pomwe kutsindika kuyenera kukhala pazomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa shuga wa plasma: kabichi, tomato, nkhaka, biringanya, nyemba.

Anthu omwe adapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga amalangizidwa kuti azitsatira zakudya modyera No. 9. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti wodwala akhale ndi thanzi labwino. Pankhaniyi, okometsetsa amaloledwa.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zingayambitse shuga wa m'magazi

Kuti mumvetsetse momwe mungachepetse magazi anu, onerani kanema wotsatirawa:

Kuwerenga kwakeko ndikulondola motani: kwabwino, kusintha kwa tchati

Kuchokera munkhaniyi muphunzira momwe mungasinthire mita molondola. Mungamubwererenso umboni wake ngati atakonzeka kusanthula plasma, osatinso magazi a capillary. Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito tebulo lotembenuza ndikutanthauzira zotsatira kukhala manambala ogwirizana ndi ma labotale, popanda iwo. Mutu H1:

Magazi atsopano a glucose samadziwikanso shuga ndi dontho la magazi athunthu. Masiku ano, zida zamtunduwu ndizopangidwira pakuwunika kwa plasma.

Chifukwa chake, kawirikawiri deta yomwe chipangizo choyesera shuga panyumba chimatanthauzira sichimatanthauziridwa ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Chifukwa chake, popenda zotsatira za phunziroli, musaiwale kuti shuga ya plasma ndi 10-11% kuposa magazi a capillary.

Chifukwa chiyani kugwiritsa ntchito matebulo?

M'mabotolo, amagwiritsa ntchito matebulo apadera omwe zizindikiro za plasma zimawerengeredwa kale m'magazi a shuga a capillary.

Kuwerenganso zotsatira zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi mita zitha kuchitidwa palokha. Pazomwezi, chizindikiro pa polojekiti chimagawidwa ndi 1.12.

Choyimira chotere chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza matebulo omasulira zizindikiro zomwe zapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito zida zodziwonera za shuga.

Miyezo yam'magazi a plasma (osatembenuka)

Nthawi zina adotolo amalimbikitsa kuti wodwala azigwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kenako umboni wa glucometer suyenera kutanthauziridwa, ndipo zovomerezeka zikhale motere:

• pamimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa 5.6 - 7.
• Maola 2 atatha munthu kudya, chizindikiro sichiyenera kupitirira 8.96.

Momwe mungayang'anire momwe zida zanu zilili zolondola

DIN EN ISO 15197 ndi muyezo womwe umakhala ndi zofunikira pakuziyang'anira wekha zida za glycemic. Malinga ndi icho, kulondola kwa chipangizochi ndi motere:

- kupatuka pang'ono kumaloledwa pamlingo wa glucose mpaka 42 mmol / L. Amaganiziridwa kuti pafupifupi 95% ya miyeso idzasiyana ndi muyezo, koma osaposa 0.82 mmol / l,

- pazofunikira zazikulu kuposa 4.2 mmol / l, cholakwika cha zotsatira 95 zilizonse siziyenera kupitilira 20% ya mtengo weniweni.

Kuwona kwa zida zomwe zapezeka kuti zidziyang'anire za shuga ziyenera kufufuzidwa nthawi ndi nthawi m'mabotolo apadera. Mwachitsanzo, ku Moscow izi zimachitika pakatikati poyang'ana shuga m'magazi a ESC (pa Moskvorechye St. 1).

Kusinthika kololedwa pamitengo ya zida pali izi: pazida zamakampani a Roche, omwe amapanga zida za Accu-cheki, cholakwika chovomerezeka ndi 15%, ndipo kwa ena opanga chizindikirochi ndi 20%.

Likukhalira kuti zida zonse zimasokoneza zotsatira zenizeni, koma mosatengera kuti mita ndi yayikulu kwambiri kapena yotsika kwambiri, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyesetsa kukhalabe ndi glucose osapitirira 8 masana.

Ngati zida zodziyang'anira nokha za shuga zisonyeza chizindikiro H1, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti shuga ndi woposa 33.3 mmol / l. Kuti mupeze zolondola, maulalo ena oyesa amafunika. Zotsatira zake ziyenera kufufuzidwa kawiri ndi njira zomwe zimatsitsidwa kuti muchepetse shuga.

Momwe mungatenge madzi kuti mupeze kafukufuku

Njira yowunikirayi imakhudzanso kulondola kwa chipangizocho, chifukwa chake muyenera kutsatira malamulowa:

1. Manja manja asanafike pama sampu amayenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi sopo ndikuwuma ndi thaulo.
2. Zala zozizira zimafunika kuzikongoletsa kuti zizitentha. Izi zitsimikiza kutuluka kwa magazi kufikira zala zanu. Kutikita minofu kumachitika ndi mayendedwe opepuka owongolera kuchokera m'chiwuno kupita kuminwe.
3. Pamaso pa njirayi, womwe ukuchitika kunyumba, osapukuta malo opumira ndi mowa. Mowa umapangitsa khungu kuwola. Komanso, musapukute chala chanu ndi nsalu yonyowa. Zida zamadzimadzi zomwe zopukutira zimalembedwa kwambiri zimasokoneza zotsatira zowunikira. Koma ngati muyeza shuga kunja kwa nyumbayo, ndiye kuti muyenera kupukuta chala chanu ndi nsalu.
4. Kuboola chala kuyenera kukhala kwakuya kwambiri kuti usakakamize kwambiri chala. Ngati matendawo sakhala ozama, ndiye kuti madzi amadzimadzi am'malo mwake adzawoneka m'malo mwa dontho la magazi a capillary pamalo ovulalawo.
5. Mukamaliza kukwapula, pukuta droplet yoyamba kutuluka. Sikoyenera kusanthula chifukwa imakhala ndi madzi ambiri ophatikizana.
6. Chotsani dontho lachiwiri pa mzere woyesera, kuyesera kuti musamamenye.

Kutsimikiza kwa shuga m'magazi am'magazi: zikhalidwe ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kupatuka

Mukamapenda magawo osiyanasiyana a magazi omwe amatengedwa kuchokera kwa wodwala, njira yoyezera zomwe zili m'magazi athunthu kapena plasma yake imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuti mumvetsetse chifukwa chake timafunikira zitsanzo zingapo zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda oyerekeza a shuga, muyenera kudziwa momwe mfundozi zimasiyanirana, ndipo chikhalidwe cha glucose ndi chiyani.

Seramu, plasma ndi magazi athunthu: matanthauzidwe ndi kusiyana

Kuyankha funso ili, ndikofunikira kuganizira mwachidule kapangidwe ka magazi a munthu.

Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti magazi si madzi okha. Ndi "timadzi timadziti" timene timakhala ndi minyewa ina, yama cell ndi ma cell a ma cell.

Maselo ofiira ndi maselo ofiira odziwika bwino, maselo oyera am'magazi ndi mapulateleti, omwe amayang'anira zochitika zamayendedwe, chitetezo cha mthupi komanso kuchepa kwa magazi pakhungu.

Mphamvu ya magazi a anthu imatchedwa plasma. Ndi madzi opitilira 90 peresenti. Zina ndizinthu zasungunuka m'madzi - zonse zokhala zokha komanso zopanda chilengedwe, zonse zopanga michere ndi zotaya zama cell.

Madzi a m'magazi omwe maselo amachotsedwa amawoneka ngati madzi owonekera ngati magazi atengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Ngati mankhwalawa adatha kudya, plasma imakhala yodzaza ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangidwamo.

Machubu am'magazi

Kuti mupeze madzi a m'magazi, ndikokwanira kuyimilira mu chubu choyesera. Kenako, mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu yokoka yachilengedwe, maselo amwazi amakhala pansi, ndipo madzi am'magazi - omwe amakhala ndi madzi oundana - adzaikidwa pamwamba.

Seramu yamagazi, kwenikweni, ndiyo plasma yomweyo, koma yokonzekera mwapadera. Chowonadi ndi chakuti magazi am'magazi ochepera kwambiri omwe amakhala ndi enzyme fibrinogen, yomwe imagwirizana ndi mapulateleti.

Chifukwa cha puloteni iyi, magazi mu chubu choyesera amayamba msanga, ndikupanga pulateleti-fibrin.

Whey yopanda mapuloteni imasungidwa nthawi yayitali; ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kuyeserera zingapo komanso kuyesa labotale. Komabe, pakutsimikiza molondola kwambiri kuchuluka kwa shuga, WHO imalimbikitsa kuti asagwiritse ntchito seramu, koma plasma.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa shuga mu plasma ya venous ndi capillary magazi kumasiyana?

Kuyezetsa magazi konse kumatha kuwonetsa zotsatira zolakwika.

Pali kufalikira ndipo m'njira zambiri kuweruza koona pa kuyeserera kwakukulu kwa kuyesedwa kwa magazi kuchokera m'mitsempha, kufupi ndi kuyesa kwa chala.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti posankha zakuthupi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kuchokera kumanja, kusanthula kumachitika ndi magazi. Ngati sampuli idatengedwa kuchokera m'mitsempha, ma plasma amalekanitsidwa ndi ma cell am'magazi, ndipo amawunika shuga.

Ndipo kusanthula koteroko kumakhala kolondola nthawi zonse. Nthawi yomweyo, maphunziro ena akuwonetsa - ngati kuli kofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga mthupi pamimba yopanda kanthu, kusiyana pakati pa njira ziwiri ndizochepa.

Kukonzekera koyenera kokha kwa wodwala kuti atolere zofunikira ndikofunikira. Koma zizindikirozo pambuyo ndi mkati mwa maola awiri mutatha kudya, komanso kuyesa kwapadera komwe kumafuna kuti wodwala amwe madzi a shuga pasadakhale, ali olondola kwambiri m'madzi a m'magazi.

Komabe, pochita, nthawi zambiri patali ndi malo oyeserera a labotale, zimapezeka kuti njira yoyamba ikuwonetsa zotsatirapo zake.

Kusiyana kwapakati pa kuyezetsa magazi konse ndi njira yodziwira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kuli mkati mwa 12%.

Pamaso pa khungu pamalopo pamafunika kukhala oyera komanso owuma, apo ayi zotsatira zake zidzapotozedwa.

Correlation tebulo la shuga m'magazi athunthu ndi madzi a m'magazi

Pali magome othandizira omwe amakupatsani mwayi wowerengera zotsatirapo zake komanso moyenera. Inde, palibe funso kuti chidziwitso chonsechi ndichachidziwikire, koma kudalirika kwambiri kwa zizindikiro za shuga sikofunikira kawirikawiri kwa odwala.

Inde, komanso kwa adotolo omwe amapita, nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira osati chizindikiro chokwanira, koma mphamvu - kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga pamankhwala omwe amawapatsa wodwala.

Zambiri mwa zitsanzo zingapezeke pa tebulo ili m'munsiyi:

Inde, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza chiwonetsero, zomwe zambiri ndizosavuta kuzilingalira. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yosungirako zitsanzo kuchokera pakupanga sampuli mpaka kusanthula, kutentha kwa chipinda, kuyeretsa masampweya - zonsezi zimatha kukula ndikuchepetsa zizindikiro ndi kuchuluka kwawo.

Masewera a shuga samatsimikiziridwa ndi seramu yamagazi.

Kusala madzi a m'magazi a plasma pofika zaka

M'mbuyomu, odwala akuluakulu sanagawidwe m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, ndipo miyezo ya shuga pazaka zonse idakhazikitsidwa chimodzimodzi - mpaka 5.5 mmol.

Komabe, pakadali pano, akatswiri ambiri a endocrinologists asintha malingaliro awo ku vutoli.

Zowonadi, ndi ukalamba, ngakhale mwa munthu wathanzi labwino, kupanga mahomoni onse, kuphatikiza insulini, kumachepa. Chifukwa chake, miyezo mibadwo yamazambiri a shuga imapangidwa. Odwala agawidwa m'magulu awiri aana ndi akulu akuluakulu.

Woyamba ndi ana obadwa kumene, kuyambira pomwe iwo amabadwa mpaka chaka chimodzi. Munthawi imeneyi, imawoneka yabwinobwino ngati chizindikirocho chimasungidwa mu mulingo wa 2.8-4.4 mmol. Ili ndiye mtengo wotsika kwambiri pakati pamagulu onse odwala. Gulu lachiwiri ndi ana kuyambira mwezi umodzi mpaka zaka 14.

Pakadali pano pakupanga thupi la munthu, miyezo ya glucose mwa ana ili mu 3.3-5.6 mmol.

Ndi mu m'badwo uwu momwe kubalalitsa kwakukulu kwambiri kwa zizindikiritso zodziwika bwino kumakwaniritsidwa. Pomaliza, kuyambira zaka 14 mpaka 60, zachilengedwezo ndizopezeka shuga kuyambira 4 mpaka 5.9 mmol. Zizindikiro za shuga munthawi imeneyi zimadalira kwambiri jenda, komanso mkhalidwe wa thupi.

Odwala okalamba kagulu kakang'ono agawika magawo awiri malinga ndi miyezo ya shuga ya magazi. Kuyambira zaka 60 mpaka kufika pachimake pa makumi asanu ndi anayi, kuchuluka kwa shuga pakati pa 4.6 ndi 6.4 mmol sikumadziwika ngati matenda.

Ndipo anthu azaka zambiri zino amatha kumva bwino komanso osamva kuwonongeka kwa glucose owonjezereka mpaka 6.7 mmol.

Njira yakuwunikira zizindikiro mpaka kumtunda kwa mtengo wabwinoko ndi njira yoyendera endocrinologist.

Zifukwa zopatuka kusanthula zimabwera kuchokera pazomwe zimachitika

Kupatuka kuzidziwitso zovomerezeka sizikhala chizindikiro cha matenda aliwonse, koma zimafunikira chidwi cha akatswiri.

Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa glucose okwera kungawonetse osati kukhalapo kwa matenda a shuga kapena prediabetes, komanso matenda ena.

Makamaka, zovuta zingapo za endocrine system: acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome, mitundu ina ya thyrotooticosis, glucomanoma, komanso pheochromocytoma - zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Chizindikiro chomwecho chimadziwika ndi mtundu uliwonse wa kapamba, hemochromatosis, matenda angapo a chiwindi ndi impso nthawi yayitali. Kugwedezeka kwa mtima, komwe kumadziwika ndi kuchepa kwakuthwa komanso kwakukulu mu myocardial contractility, kumathandizidwanso ndi kuwonjezeka kwa glucose.

Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga kumatha kuchitika popanda njira iliyonse yodutsira matenda m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, kupsinjika, kugwira ntchito mwamanjenje, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zina kumatha kuwonjezera magazi.

Mitengo yochepetsedwa itha kukhala chifukwa chachitukuko cha matenda. Chifukwa chake, owopsa kwambiri ndi awa:

Kuchepetsa mayamwidwe a shuga m'magawo am'mimba ndi glycogenosis kumathandizanso kuchepetsa shuga. Kumwa kwambiri pafupipafupi, kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, masewera olimbitsa thupi kumabweretsa zotsatira zomwezi.

Hypoglycemia imatha kukhala yoopsa kwambiri chifukwa chmwa kumwa mankhwala olakwika omwe amachepetsa shuga, komanso insulin. Nthawi zina, izi zimatha kuyambitsa zovuta kwa wodwalayo, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa mfundo zamankhwala zotchulidwa ndi katswiri.

Kuti mupeze zotsatira zodalirika komanso kuthana ndi ngozi, kusanthula zingapo kumachitika.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Mavuto omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga pakapita nthawi imatha kudzetsa matenda ambiri, monga mavuto amaso, khungu ndi tsitsi, zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba komanso matenda otupa! Anthu amaphunzitsa zomwe zinawawa kuti azisintha shuga yawo kuti asangalale ...

Zokhudza miyezo ya shuga wamagazi yomwe ili mu vidiyo:

Mwambiri, kupeza zisonyezo za shuga m'magazi ndiko kusanthula kolondola kwambiri kwelebhu komwe kulipo mpaka pano. Komabe, powunikira pakali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso a magazi a capillary kuli koyenera chifukwa chophweka komanso zovuta zowopsa.

Glucose m'madzi am'magazi: kuchuluka kwa shuga kuchokera pachala ndi glucometer komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu malinga ndi tebulo

Anthu omwe amapezeka ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kusintha moyo wawo kotheratu. Kuphatikiza apo, ayenera kuthana ndi zisonyezo zambiri, kudziwa dongosolo la kusanthula, kusamutsa kwamagulu ena a shuga kwa ena. Odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa zomwe zili m'magazi athunthu komanso m'magazi.

Tithana ndi terminology

Plasma ndiye gawo lamadzi pomwe magazi amapezeka. Zomwe zalembedwa kuchokera ku kuchuluka kwathunthu kwamadzimadzi a thupi sizidutsa 60%. Plasma imakhala ndi madzi 92% ndi 8% yazinthu zina, kuphatikiza mapuloteni, organic ndi mchere.

Glucose ndi gawo lamagazi lomwe limafotokozera zamankhwala okhala ndi chakudya. Ndikofunikira mphamvu, kuyang'anira ntchito ya maselo am'mitsempha ndi ubongo. Koma thupi lake lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kokha pamaso pa insulin. Amamangilira shuga wamagazi ndikuthandizira kukweza ndi kulowa kwa glucose m'maselo.

Thupi limapanga shuga kwakanthawi kochepa mu chiwindi mu mawonekedwe a glycogen komanso njira yosungiramo mawonekedwe a triglycerides (amayikidwa mu minofu yamafuta). Kuzindikirika kwa insulin ndi glucose kumakhudza thanzi la munthu.

Zizindikiro - Choyamba

mwa zinthuzi m'magazi a munthu zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kusanthula: zitsanzo zake zimapangidwa kuchokera mu mtsempha. Ndikofunika kukonzekera bwino phunzirolo:

• Maola 10 mpaka 12 isanakwane chakudya,
• theka la ola pamaso pa mayeso, kupsinjika kulikonse ndi kupsinjika kwakuthupi kuyenera kuthetsedwa.
• kusuta mphindi 30 mayeso aletsedwe.

Kuti akhazikitse matenda anu, zotsatira za kusanthuli zimayesedwa kutengera miyezo ndi malingaliro a WHO omwe apezeka kale.

Kunyumba, mutha kuyang'ana shuga pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer wamba. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mu chipangizo cham'nyumba, magazi kuchokera ku chala, ndiko kuti, capillary, amawunikiridwa. Ndipo m'mawu okhutitsidwa ndi shuga mulinso 10-15% kuposa momwe mungayambire venous. Izi ndichifukwa cha magwiritsidwe ntchito a shuga ndi minofu.

Kutengera ndi umboni wa glucometer, endocrinologist sangadziwitse matenda, koma zovuta zomwe zapezeka ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale maphunziro ena.

Iwo amalimbikitsa kuyang'ana zotere:

• kuyesa kupewa anthu opitirira zaka 45 (chidwi chapadera chimaperekedwa kwa odwala onenepa kwambiri),
• pakakhala zizindikiro za hypoglycemia: mavuto ammaso, nkhawa, kuchuluka kwa chakudya, kusazindikira bwino,
• ndi zizindikiro za hyperglycemia: ludzu losalekeza, kukodza kwambiri, kutopa kwambiri, mavuto amaso, kufooka chitetezo chokwanira,
• kusazindikira kapena kukula kwa kufooka kwambiri: fufuzani ngati kuwonongeka kwachitika chifukwa cha kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya,
• omwe adapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga kapena boma lopweteka: kuwongolera zizindikiro.

Koma kuyeza shuga wokha sikokwanira. Kuyesedwa kwa shuga kumachitika, ndipo kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated kumayesedwa. Kusanthula kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'miyezi itatu yapitayo. Ndi chithandizo chake, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi mamolekyu a glucose, imatsimikizika. Umu ndi momwe amatchedwa Maillard.

Pokhala ndi shuga wambiri, njirayi imathamanga, chifukwa pomwe kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin kumachuluka. Kuunika kumeneku kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwa momwe mankhwalawo anali othandiza. Pamagwiritsidwe ake, ndikofunikira kutenga magazi a capillary nthawi iliyonse, mosasamala kanthu za kudya.

Kuphatikiza apo, mavuto atapezeka, magazi amatengedwa kuti adziwe C-peptide, insulin. Izi ndizofunikira kukhazikitsa momwe thupi limapangitsira timadzi timeneti.

Norm ndi matenda

Kuti mumvetsetse ngati mukukumana ndi vuto la chakudya chopatsa mphamvu, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Koma kunena zomwe zikuwoneka kuti ziyenera kukhala zenizeni pa mita yanu ndizovuta. Inde, gawo limodzi la chipangizocho limapangidwa kuti lipange kafukufuku wamagazi athunthu, ndipo linalo pa plasma yake.

Mu mbeera eyasooka, ebyamagero bijja kubeera bweru, kuba tebiri mu masamu ga mmagazi gaamu. Kusiyanako kuli pafupifupi 12%. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyang'ana pazigawo zomwe zatchulidwa mu malangizo a chipangizo chilichonse.

Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti malire a zolakwika zanyumba zonyamula katundu ndi 20%.

Ngati mita ikutsimikizira za shuga m'magazi athunthu, ndiye kuti mtengo wotsatira uyenera kuchuluka ndi 1.12. Zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga wa m'magazi. Yang'anirani izi mukamayerekezera chizindikiro cha labotale komanso nyumba.

Mndandanda wa miyezo ya shuga ya plasma ndi motere:

Pangakhale mavuto ndi digestibility ya glucose, mapangidwe ake azikhala ochepera 6.1 pamagazi a plasma. Pachikhalidwe chofunikira chidzakhala

Kiwango cha Plasma Shuga: Kusanthula kwa glucose

Matenda a shuga m'magazi am'magazi amapezeka pafupifupi anthu onse athanzi, ndipo kupatuka kulikonse kungasonyeze kukulira kwa matenda akulu. Kugwira ntchito kwabwinobwino kwa kagayidwe kazachilengedwe ndikofunikira kwa thupi lonse la munthu. Ndi chakudya chamagulu omwe amathandizira kukhalabe ndi mphamvu m'thupi komanso kupatsa bongo zakudya.

Ngati matenda a shuga atayamba kufooka, kuchuluka kwake m'madzi am'magazi kumachitika, zomwe zingayambitse matenda a shuga. Matendawa ndi owopsa kwa anthu, chifukwa amatha kupangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zambiri.

Koma kuti mupeze matenda a shuga mwa munthu nthawi, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa glucose omwe amapezeka m'magazi a magazi - abwinobwino, kuchuluka kapena kuchepa. Komabe, choyamba muyenera kudziwa kuti ndi ziti zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti glucose ndi zabwinobwino komanso zomwe zimachokera kuzizolowezi.

Madzi a m'magazi a Plasma

Glucose amalowa mthupi la munthu makamaka ndi zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zam'magazi, monga sucrose, fructose, starch, cellulose, lactose ndi mitundu ina ya shuga. Pokonza chimbudzi, mothandizidwa ndi ma enzyme, zimagwera mu glucose, yomwe imalowa m'magazi ndipo, pamodzi ndi magazi, imaperekedwa kwa ziwalo zonse zamthupi.

Koma mamolekyulu a glucose sangathe kulowerera mwaokha mozungulira m'maselo a anthu ndipo potero amawapatsa zakudya ndi mphamvu zofunika. Pazinthu izi, insulin ya mahomoni imathandizira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti membala wam'mimba azikhala wolola. Chifukwa chake, ndikusowa kwa insulin, mutha kudwala matenda a shuga.

Mu shuga, shuga m'magazi a plasma nthawi zambiri amakwera kwambiri, omwe amatchedwa hyperglycemia m'chinenedwe cha mankhwala. Vutoli limakhala lowopsa kwambiri kwa anthu, chifukwa limatha kubweretsa zovuta, mpaka kugwa.

Kuthamanga shuga:

1. Mwa ana obadwa pasadakhale - 1-3.2 mmol / l,
2. Mu makanda patsiku loyamba la moyo - 2.1-3.2 mmol / l,
3. Mwa ana kuyambira mwezi umodzi mpaka zaka 5 - 2.6-4.3 mmol / l,
4. Mu ana kuyambira zaka 5 mpaka 14 - 3.2-5.5 mmol / l,
5. Akuluakulu kuyambira wazaka 14 mpaka 60 - 4.0-5.8 mmol / l,
6. Kuyambira zaka 60 mpaka 90 - 4.5-6.3 mmol / l,
7. Kuyambira azaka 90 ndi akulu - 4.1-6.6 mmol / l.

Zisonyezero zamagazi m'magazi akuluakulu kuyambira 5.9 mpaka 6.8 mmol / l zimawonetsa kukhalapo kwa prediabetes. Mu mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo, zizindikiro zoyambirira za kuphwanya kagayidwe kazakudya zimawonedwa, motero, prediabetes imakonda kutchedwa harbinger wa matenda ashuga.

Ngati plasma glucose yakwera mpaka 6,9 mmol / L kapena kuposa, ndiye kuti izi zimachitika kuti wodwalayo amapezeka ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ndipo amayenera kulandira chithandizo choyenera. Zimathandiza wodwalayo molondola kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndipo potero amapewa zovuta zazikulu.

Koma nthawi zina shuga ya plasma mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amatha kukwera 10 mmol / l pamimba yopanda kanthu, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri. Kuchulukanso kwa chizindikirochi kumakhala koopsa kwambiri kwa anthu ndipo kukuwonetsa chitukuko cha hyperglycemia.

Vutoli limatha kubweretsa vuto la hyperglycemic, ketoacidotic ndi hyperosmolar coma.

Matenda a shuga m'magazi am'magazi

Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zodziwira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi - kusala komanso mukatha kudya. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza matenda a shuga 1 kapena mtundu wa 2, komanso matenda ena omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, mwachitsanzo, kuphwanya kwa gren.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumathandizira kudziwa momwe thupi la wodwalayo limaperekera glucose, yemwe samadyedwa ndi chakudya, koma amasungidwa ndi ma cell a chiwindi ngati glycogen. Kamodzi m'magazi, chinthuchi chimasinthidwa kukhala glucose ndikuthandizira kupewa kutsika kwamphamvu kwa shuga pakati pa chakudya. Koma mu odwala matenda ashuga, glycogen ingayambitse kuchuluka kwa glucose wa plasma.

Momwe mungayendetsere kusala kwa shuga m'magazi:

• Musanaunike, muyenera kupewa kudya. Chakudya chotsiriza sichikhala pasanathe maola 12 kuti mudziwe. Chifukwa chake, kusanthula kumayenera kuchitika m'mawa chakudya cham'mawa chisanachitike.
• Nthawi yomweyo, ndizoletsedwa kudya usiku kapena m'mawa, chifukwa izi zingakhudze zotsatira za matenda.
• Pa chifukwa chomwecho, sikulimbikitsidwa kumwa khofi, tiyi kapena zakumwa zina. M'mawa kusanachitike kusanthula, ndibwino kungomwera kapu yamadzi oyera,
• Madotolo ena amalimbikitsa odwala awo kuti asamatsule mano kuti asatenge chilichonse chomwe chimapangitsa shuga.
• Magazi pakuwunikira amatengedwa kuchokera ku chala, nthawi zambiri kumtsempha,
• Zotsatira zonse pamwambapa 5.8 mmol / L zimawerengedwa ngati zopatuka kuchoka pazomwe zimachitika ndipo zimawonetsa kuphwanya mayamwidwe kwa glucose. Kuchokera pa 5.9 mpaka 6.8 mmol / L prediabetes, kuyambira 6.9 ndi matenda apamwamba a shuga,

Ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda a shuga, koma kuyezetsa magazi sikunawonetse pang'onopang'ono kuchoka pamenepa, ndiye kuti atumizidwa kuti adziwe kuti ali ndi shuga. Kusanthula kwamtunduwu kumathandiza kuzindikira kuphwanya kwamwala shuga pambuyo podya.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhalabe kwabwinobwino pamimba yopanda kanthu, koma nkumuka mutatha kudya, ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kukula kwa insulini, ndiko kuti, kusazindikira maselo ku ma insulin. Kuchuluka kotereku m'magazi a plasma nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa m'mitundu yachiwiri ya shuga.

Chifukwa chake, kusanthula kwakumapeto kwa shuga ndiko mtundu wofunikira kwambiri wofufuzira kuti mupeze matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amadalira insulin.

Kodi kupindika kwa shuga wa m'madzi a m'magazi kumadziwika bwanji?

1. Kukonzekera kuwunikiraku kuyenera kufanana ndendende ndi njira yozindikirira pamwambapa,
2. Gawo loyamba la magazi limatengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu, kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi asanadye,
3. Kenako wodwalayo amapatsidwa njira yotsekemera ya kumwa, yomwe imakonzedwa ndikumatha 75 g. shuga mu 30 ml ya madzi,
4. Gawo lotsatira la magazi limatengedwa mphindi 30 wodwala atamwa njira yothetsera shuga. Zikuwonetsa momwe shuga m'thupi limakhalira ma monosaccharides atalowa,
5. Pakatha mphindi zina 30, wodwalayo amaperekanso magazi kuti aziwunika. Zimakupatsani mwayi wodziwa momwe thupi limakhalira pakuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi momwe wodwalayo amapangira insulin,
6. Kenako wina 2 samples amatengedwa kuchokera kwa wodwala mphindi 30 zilizonse.

Mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi metabolism wa carbohydrate wabwinobwino, panthawi imeneyi, amalumpha m'magazi osapitilira 7.6 mmol / L. Chizindikiro ichi ndi chizolowezi ndipo chilichonse chowonjezera chimawerengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha kukula kwa insulin.

Odwala omwe ali ndi prediabetes omwe amapezeka ndi kuwonongeka kwa chidwi cha mkati mwa insulin, shuga ya plasma imaposa 7.7 mmol / L, koma osapitilira 11.0 mmol / L. Izi zimafuna njira zonse zofunikira popewa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Ngati pakuzindikira adapezeka kuti kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi a wodwalayo kuli ndi 11.1 mmol / l kapena kuposerapo, ndiye kuti akupezeka ndi matenda a shuga a 2. Potsimikizira izi, wodwala amatha kupatsidwa mayeso a insulin m'madzi a m'magazi.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mu shuga ya fomu yachiwiri, kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi a wodwala nthawi zambiri kumafanana ndi zomwe zimachitika kapena kupitirira.

Chowonadi ndi chakuti ndi matendawa, kapamba amachititsa insulini yokwanira, koma chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, maselo amatenga timadzi timeneti.

Glycosylated Hemoglobin Assay

Matenda a shuga sikuti nthawi zonse amayambitsa shuga. Chifukwa chake, ambiri a endocrinologists amawona zotsatira za kusanthula kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a plasma osakwanira kuti apange kuzindikira koyenera. Pazotsatira zomaliza za matenda a shuga, wodwalayo amatumizidwa kuti akaunikidwe glycosylated hemoglobin.

Matenda amtunduwu amathandiza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi a wodwalayo. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti munthu akamadwala matenda a shuga kwa nthawi yayitali, kuchuluka kwa mamolekyu a hemoglobin amathandizanso ndi monosaccharides.

Ndipo popeza kutalika kwa nthawi ya mamolekyu a hemoglobin ndi miyezi yosachepera 4, njira yodziwikirayi imakuthandizani kuti mupeze zambiri zamagazi m'magazi osati patsiku lawunikiridwa, koma kwa miyezi yapitayi.

Zotsatira za kusanthula kwa glycosylated hemoglobin:

• Nthawi zonse mpaka 5.7%,
• Kuchuluka kuchoka pa 5.7% mpaka 6.0%,
• Matenda a shuga kuyambira 6.1 mpaka 6.4,
• Shuga mellitus kuyambira 6.4 ndi pamwambapa.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti pali zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zingakhudze kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi komanso ngakhale kupangitsa hyperglycemia. Nthawi zambiri, awa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a endocrine dongosolo ndi m'mimba thirakiti.

Zomwe shuga wa plasma achulukira:

• Pheochromocytoma ndi chotupa cha adrenal gland chomwe chimakweza secretion wa mahomoni a corticosteroid omwe amachititsa kupanga kwa glycogen,
• Matenda a Cushing - amachititsa kuwonongeka kwa ma pituitary gland, omwe amathandizanso kukulitsa kupanga kwa corticosteroids,
• Pancreatic chotupa - matendawa amatha kupangitsa kuti kufa kwa β-cell omwe amapanga insulin ndipo pamapeto pake amayambitsa matenda a shuga.
• Cirrhosis ndi chiwindi chachikulu - nthawi zambiri chomwe chimayambitsa shuga m'magazi ndimatenda akulu a chiwindi,
• Kumwa mankhwala a glucocorticosteroid - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse matenda a shuga,
• Kupsinjika kwakukuru kapena kupsinjika kwanthawi yayitali - zokumana nazo mwamphamvu zimakonda kubweretsa kuchuluka kwa plasma,
• Mowa wambiri - anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amamwa mowa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a shuga,
• Premenstrual syndrome - munthawi imeneyi, azimayi ambiri amawonjezera shuga m'magazi.

Mwachidule, dziwani kuti choyambitsa matenda ambiri a m'magazi ndi shuga. Koma pali zinthu zina zomwe zingayambitse kupatuka kofananira ndi chizolowezi.

Chifukwa chake, kudziwa shuga ndi plasma, ndikofunikira kupatula matenda ena aliwonse omwe angakulitse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Sonyezani shuga yanu kapena sankhani jenda kuti muyimikize.