Matenda a shuga ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu 2

Pa matenda a shuga a 2, ndikofunikira kukumbukira malamulo azakudya ndi zakudya kuti kukhazikika kwa shuga. Kuphwanya kuchuluka kwa chakudya, kuwerengera kosayenera kwa magawo a mkate, kuphika ndi kuphwanya malangizo, kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zoletsedwa kumatha kuyambitsa kuthamanga kwa shuga, ndikuyambitsa zovuta zowopsa.

Kodi amapanga shuga liti? Funso limadandaula odwala omwe endocrine pathology imatsimikiziridwa.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi ma glycated hemoglobin kusungidwa moyenerera? Kodi chithandizo cha mahomoni chidzafunika liti? Mayankho amadalira kwambiri zakudya zoyenera.

Zolemba za zakudya za matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndi zovuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakugwiritsa ntchito insulin zikuwonekera munkhaniyi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a 2

Endocrine matenda amapanga motsutsana ndi maziko a kagayidwe kachakudya matenda ndi kulephera kwa mahomoni. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kapamba amatulutsa insulin yokwanira kapena katulutsidwe ka timadzi timeneti timachepetsedwa, koma zimakhala zake sizimalimbikitsa kukhudzika kwa mahomoni. Zotsatira za pathological ndondomeko ndizovuta ndi mayamwidwe a shuga.

Chifukwa chosowa mphamvu, kusamala mthupi komanso njira zingapo zimasokonekera.

Kuti muthane ndi zovuta zapancreatic, muyenera kupanga zambiri za insulin nthawi zonse, kotero kuti gawo laling'ono la mahomoni limakhudza kuyamwa kwa glucose.

Katundu wambiri kumbuyo kwa insulin kukana mofulumira kutulutsa zofunafuna, makamaka ndi zosayenera zakudya, kudya kwambiri, kumwa kawirikawiri zonunkhira, kusuta, zakudya zamafuta, ma muffins, maswiti.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale endocrine matenda:

chibadwa
kunenepa
kuphwanya njira kagayidwe kachakudya,
kugwira ntchito kwambiri, kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira,
moyo wopsinjika
kusowa tulo ndi kugona,
kusokonezeka kwa mahomoni
kagayidwe kachakudya matenda ndi zotupa za kapamba.

Zizindikiro

youma mucous nembanemba
wokhala ndi ludzu nthawi zonse
Khungu
kukodza pafupipafupi kuposa masiku onse,
masomphenya osalala
kuchiritsa kwamabala
kusinthasintha kwakudya ndi kulemera,
mantha kapena kupanda chidwi,
vagidi candidiasis (mwa akazi),
libido, kusowa kwa erectile (mwa amuna),
kusamva
kuchuluka kwa mavuto.

Kodi amapanga insulini pati?

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ayenera kuganizira zaka komanso umunthu wa munthu, momwe amagwirira ntchito, zakudya, kupezeka kwa matenda ena, kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa kapamba, komanso shuga.

Zofunikira zofunikira:

dokotala wodziwika bwino wa endocrinologist amafotokozera wodwalayo kuti ayenera kudziwa kuti jakisoni wachita insulin, osachita mantha: odwala matenda ashuga ambiri amayang'anizana ndi gawo ili la chithandizo. Kusiyanitsa kokhako ndikuti munthu amapatsidwa jekeseni tsiku ndi tsiku atazindikira kuti ali ndi vuto, pomwe ena amafunika jakisoni zaka 5 mpaka 10 atayamba chithandizo,
kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin si chilango chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi kapena kulephera kutsatira malingaliro, koma njira yofunikira kwambiri yokwaniritsira njira yothandizira thupi, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuchepa kwa hypoglycemic.
Kuchepetsa kusintha ma jakisoni a mahomoni osungirako kungayambitse kuchuluka kwakukula kwa glucose. Osadikirira ngati kapamba sakugwirizana ndi ntchito zake, chakudya, mapiritsi a mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, zolimbitsa thupi sizilola kukhalabe ndi shuga.

Kodi jakisoni wa insulin adzafunika liti? Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu 2 amayamba mankhwala a insulin pakapita nthawi yayitali atazindikira. Ndikofunika kulingalira pa nthawi yomwe dokotala adawulula za matenda ashuga.

Mukamapereka jakisoni wa mahomoni osungira, lingalirani:

Zizindikiro za hemoglobin ya glycated sizidutsa 7-7,5%, shuga - kuchokera 8 mpaka 10 mmol / l, ntchito za pancreatic zimasungidwa. Wodwala amatha kukhala ndi shuga kwa nthawi yayitali ndimankhwala apakamwa,
Miyezo ya glycohemoglobin imakulitsidwa mpaka 8% kapena kuposa, kuchuluka kwa glucose kuposa 10 mmol / l. Nthawi zambiri, kusamutsa jakisoni wa insulin kudzafunika kale kuposa zaka 5.

Mankhwala a insulin a 2 matenda a shuga ndi awa:

Wodwala angalandire:

jakisoni wa insulin. Mankhwala a antihyperglycemic ndi osagwira,
kuphatikiza mapiritsi ndi jakisoni wa insulin. Chiwerengero cha jakisoni chimasiyanasiyana kuyambira awiri mpaka atatu kapena kupitilira patsiku. Mlingo umasankhidwanso payekhapayekha.

Wodwalayo amalandira jakisoni:

atangozindikira hyperglycemia, kutsimikizira kwa matendawa.
pa mankhwala, mosiyanasiyana mankhwala, motsutsana ndi maziko a endocrine matenda, ngati kumwa mapiritsi sikuchepetsa shuga kuti mulingo woyenera. Ambiri amapita jekeseni pambuyo pa zaka 7-10.

Kuikidwa kwa mankhwala a insulin kwakanthawi:

ndi nkhawa ya hyperglycemia (kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa glucose wodwala kwambiri ndi kuledzera, kutentha thupi) motsutsana ndi maziko a matenda ashuga a 2, jakisoni wa insulini amapatsidwa nthawi yayitali. Ndi mawonekedwe othandizika a matenda, madokotala amazindikira shuga za zopitilira 7.8 mmol / L. Kubwezeretsanso kumakhala kotheka ngati shuga amawayang'anira mosamala mayendedwe a shuga,
kusintha kwa kwakanthawi insulin mankhwala m`pofunika kuti wodwalayo sangamwe mapiritsi: m'nthawi ya isanachitike ndi ntchito pambuyo opaleshoni m'mimba thirakiti, ndi matenda owopsa a m'mimba.

Malamulo a zakudya

Tebulo Nambala 9 ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yosungira kuchuluka kwa shuga pamilingo yovomerezeka. Zakudya za matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndizokhwima, koma ndimatenda omwe amadzilamulira pawokha a insulin, ndizopatsa thanzi zomwe zimadza patsogolo. Jakisoni kapena mapiritsi a insulin ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga ndi njira zina zowonjezera.

Tcherani khutu! Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amaphunzira kuthana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mahomoni pomwe kapamba amatha kuthana ndi kupanga insulin. Pokhapokha gawo lovuta la matenda, kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa ndende, shuga imayenera kuyambitsidwa mwachangu. Ngati wodwalayo amatsatira malamulo a zopatsa thanzi, mungachedwetse kuyamba kwa insulin tsiku lililonse.

Mfundo zapakati pazakudya

Ndi matenda a shuga a 2, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo mosamala, kutsatira malamulo ophika:

osatengera mayina azakudya ndi shuga,
Kupereka kukoma kosangalatsa kwa ma compotes, tiyi, zipatso puree, zakudya zonunkhira ngati shuga: sorbitol, xylitol, fructose, stevia. Mlingo - monga adokotala
sizi wophika, wophika, ophika,
m'malo mafuta mafuta nyama ndi margarine ndi mafuta masamba. Bacon amchere ndi ma grouse, omwe ambiri amawakonda, ndi oletsedwa. Batala wopanda mafuta ndi osowa komanso pang'ono kudya,
kutsatira zakudya: khala patebulo nthawi yomweyo, osadumpha chakudya chotsatira,
muyenera kupeza madzi okwanira malita ndi theka patsiku,
lekani okazinga, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chakudya, makeke, zipatso ndi zipatso, mchere wowonjezera, masamba ndi zipatso zamzitini,
kuchuluka kwamphamvu zamagetsi patsiku lililonse kuchokera pa 2400 mpaka 2600 kilocalories,
onetsetsani kuti mwawerengera magawo a mkate, idyani zakudya zamagulu a glycemic ndi index ya insulin. Pa tsamba lanu mutha kupeza matebulo a anthu odwala matenda ashuga, kugwiritsa ntchito komwe kumapeweka kuchuluka kwa shuga,
landirani pang'ono pang'onopang'ono chakudya (chinangwa, chimanga, pasitala wopangidwa ndi durum tirigu, oatmeal, zipatso). Kanani chakudya chofunikira kwambiri, "chofulumira". Halva, makeke, shuga, ma pie, makeke, mavuvu, kupanikizana, ndizovulaza kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Simungadye maswiti, mipiringidzo, mkaka ndi chokoleti yoyera. Mitundu ya chokoleti yakuda yomwe imakhala ndi cocoa ya 72% sikuloledwa, pang'ono: GI - magulu 22 okha,
Nthawi zambiri amadya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba osalandira mankhwala. Zakudya zophika ndi zophika, malingaliro a GI amawonjezeka, omwe amawonongera shuga. Mwachitsanzo, kaloti yaiwisi: Gl - 35, yophika - 85, apricots watsopano - 20, zipatso zamzitini ndi shuga - mayunitsi 91,
idyani mbatata mu "yunifolomu": GI ndi 65. Ngati wodwala wasankha kudya tchipisi kapena masamba otsekemera a French, ndiye kuti shuga amadzuka mwachangu: index ya glycemic panthawi yokazinga imakula mpaka magawo 95.

Zinthu Zololedwa

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsatirazi ndi mbale:

supu zamasamba
kefir, tchizi chanyumba, yogati (mitundu yopanda mafuta, moder),
nsomba zam'nyanja
tirigu, kupatula mpunga ndi semolina,
mapuloteni a dzira la nkhuku, yolk - 1 nthawi pasabata. Njira yabwino ndi omelet ya protein,
masamba a shuga: zukini, dzungu, phwetekere, nkhaka, biringanya, tsabola, mitundu yonse ya kabichi. Masamba okhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic (mbatata, kaloti owiritsa ndi beets) amaloledwa pang'ono, osapitirira katatu pa sabata,
msuzi wofowoka mu "madzi achiwiri" (kwa nthawi yoyamba atawiritsa madzi ndi zinthu zina kuti azikhetsa) kutengera nsomba zamafuta ochepa, nkhuku ya nkhuku, nkhuku, ng'ombe zitha kupezeka kawiri pa sabata.
chinangwa - pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, kangapo pa sabata, mkate kuchokera ku ufa wa wholemeal, mbewu, dzungu, rye - osapitirira 300 g patsiku. Zoyala, makeke, pizza, makeke, makeke, pasitala wotsika mtengo, makeke amphaka a gingerbread, dumplings - kupatula. Mkate Woyera ndi buledi wopanda malire - cholembera cha glycemic ndi magawo zana,
zipatso ndi zipatso za mtundu 2 shuga mellitus wokhala ndi shuga wochepa, GI yotsika: ma cherries, plums, currants, maapulo obiriwira, mapeyala, aronia, zipatso za zipatso. Imani nthochi mozungulira. Timadziti tofinyidwa kumene timaletsedwa: kulumpha kowopsa m'magazi a shuga,
Zakudya zopanda shuga. Zipatso zothandiza ndi zipatso za bulosi ndi fructose, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zotsekemera, mafuta odzola, marmalade wopanda shuga, saladi wa zipatso zatsopano ndi zipatso,
tchizi cholimba (pang'ono ndi pang'ono, kawiri mpaka katatu pa sabata),
nsomba yamafuta ochepa, nyama yankhanira, nyama ya kalulu, nkhuku, nyama yamwana wang'ombe, ng'ombe,
nyanja kale,
mafuta ophikira masamba - pang'onopang'ono, ndizoletsedwa kuwonjezera nsomba ndi nyama ku saladi ndi maphunziro oyamba,
bowa - pang'onopang'ono, wowiritsa kapena wowotcha,
mtedza (pang'ono), katatu mpaka kanayi pa sabata,
amadyera: katsabola, chilantro, anyezi wamasamba, parsley, letesi,
chakumwa cha khofi cha mtundu wa chicory, tiyi wobiriwira, khofi wofooka ndi mkaka (wofunika wopanda mafuta), madzi amchere (ofunda pang'ono, opanda mpweya).

Mayina Oletsedwa

Simungadye:

mipiringidzo ya chokoleti
shuga wonunkhira ndi shuga woyengeka
mowa
tchizi zamchere
mafuta amkaka,
semolina ndi phala la mpunga,
mchere ndi shuga
nkhumba yamafuta, bakha, tsekwe,
wolakwa,
chakudya zamzitini
masoseji
nyama zamafuta
ankasuta nyama
mayonesi, msuzi wokonzeka ndi ma ketchups,
chakudya chofulumira
makeke, makamaka ma pie wokazinga,
makeke ndi makeke,
chokoleti utoto wa chokoleti, curd,
zipatso zomwe zili ndi GI yayikulu, kuphatikiza zipatso zouma: mphesa, madeti, nkhuyu,
msuzi wokoma
halva, kupanikizana, pastille, kupanikizana, marmalade, maswiti ena ndi shuga, mitundu yokumba, kununkhira.

Kupewa kudumpha kwa shuga mu shuga kungakhale bwino ngati wodwalayo amatsatira kwambiri zakudya, akaphunzira masewera olimbitsa thupi, osadya mopambanitsa, amamwa mankhwala, amayesetsa kuti asagwire ntchito mopitirira muyeso, ndipo samachita mantha nthawi zambiri. Musawope kusinthana ndi chithandizo cha insulin kapena cha insulin chokwanira: makonzedwe ake a pancreatic timadzi timene timapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto lalikulu la shuga ndi glycated hemoglobin. Ndikofunikira kuti anthu oyandikana nawo azithandizira odwala matenda ashuga: malingaliro oyenera a insulin.

Kuchokera pa vidiyo yotsatirayi, mutha kudziwa zambiri zamalamulo okhudzana ndi matendawa, komanso maphikidwe azakudya zamagulu amishuga amtundu wachiwiri:

Type 2 shuga mellitus - zakudya ndi kuchiza ndi wowerengeka azitsamba omwe simungathe kudya ndi pafupifupi zakudya

Popewa matenda, machitidwe onse a thupi lathu ayenera kugwira ntchito moyenera. Pazinthu zina, zolephera zimachitika zomwe zimatsogolera kuwonongeka. Type 2 shuga mellitus amatanthauza matenda a endocrine dongosolo, amene amachititsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa minofu.

Type 2 shuga - ndi chiyani

Zikondazo zimatulutsa insulini ndipo ngati chiwonetsero cha matenda amtundu 1, kuchepa kwake kotheratu kumachitika (sikumapangidwa konse).

Matenda a mtundu wa 2 akamakula, vuto la kusagwirizana kwa mahomoni limapangidwa. Choyamba, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumatha kuchuluka kapena kukhala kwabwinobwino, kenako ndikuchepetsa.

Kuthamanga kwa maselo mpaka shuga kumachepa, mayamwidwe samachitika mokwanira chifukwa kuchuluka kwakukulu kumakhalabe m'madzi a m'magazi.

Glucose owonjezera samatulutsidwa m'thupi ndi mapuloteni (minyewa yamanjenje, kulocha kwamkati ziwiya) crystallize, yomwe imachepetsa kugwira ntchito kwawo.

Njira imeneyi imatchedwa glycation; imakhala chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ena a shuga.

Nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa mu minofu kukhudzika kwa insulin okhala ndi majini, kunenepa.

Ndiye pali pang'onopang'ono magwiridwe antchito a kapamba. Pakadali pano, subtype yokhala ndi insulini imayamba, momwe zingatheke kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga pokhapokha kubayirira insulin ndi syringe ngati mankhwala. Pali zinthu zoopsa zomwe zingayambitse matenda:

Moyo wamunthu.
Mtundu wonenepa kwambiri.
Zovuta zambiri.
Mitundu yambiri yamafuta oyengedwa muzakudya (zophika, chokoleti, maswiti, ma waffle), zakudya zochepa zam'mera (chimanga, masamba, zipatso).
Mitundu.
Matenda obadwa nawo (kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 mwa achibale).

Imodzi mwa njira zazikulu zoperekera chithandizo kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndi kukhathamiritsa kwa zakudya. Chakudya chimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi la munthu.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi sizimagwirizana ndi njala, muyenera kusiya kudya ufa, zotsekemera ndi kudya masamba ambiri, zipatso, zomwe zimakhala ndi mavitamini ofunikira.

Aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira malamulo otsatirawa pa zakudya, zakudya:

pamaso pa kunenepa kwambiri, ziyenera kukhala zofanana.
patsiku liyenera kukhala 6 chakudya,
kuchepetsa mowa
chepetsa kukhuta mafuta,
patsiku, zopatsa mphamvu zonse za kalori siziyenera kupitirira 1800 kcal,
kuchepetsa mchere,
Idyani zakudya zochulukirapo zopezeka ndi mavitamini.

Ngati mukuyenera kuthana ndi shuga m'magazi, muyenera kukumbukira zomwe mungadye ndi shuga. Muyenera kulimbana ndi matendawa moyo wanu wonse, pachifukwa ichi, zakudya za matenda amitundu iwiri zimakhala zakudya zanu zazikulu. Zakudya zonse ndizabwino, zophika, zopaka kapena kudya zatsopano. Uwu ndi mndandanda wazakudya zomwe muyenera kuphatikiza pagome lanu la tsiku ndi tsiku:

nyama ya nkhuku, nkhuku, kalulu, ng'ombe (mitundu yonse yamafuta ochepa),
zipatso, ma supimmons, kiwi ndi zipatso zina (sungangokhala nthochi, mphesa) pang'ono,
zopangidwa mkaka zomwe zili ndi 0-1%,
nsomba zamafuta ochepa
mitundu yonse ya mbewu monga chimanga, msuzi
tchizi chamafuta ochepa
chimanga, buledi wonse
ndiwo zamasamba zilizonse zatsopano, masamba amdima amdontho ndizothandiza kwambiri.

Dziwani zambiri zomwe mungadye ndi shuga.

Zomwe simungadye ndi shuga

Mukamapanga zakudya pamankhwala, muyenera kudalira mndandanda wazomwe simutha kudya ndi shuga.

Ngati mndandanda mulibe zomwe mukufuna, ndiye kuti zitha kudyedwa pang'ono.

Malinga ndi malamulowo, chakudyacho chizikhala ndi shuga wambiri kapena zinthu zomwe zimakweza chiwindi, impso, kapamba. Pazosankha za matenda a shuga a 2, simungathe kuphatikiza:

zokazinga, zokometsera, mchere, zonunkhira,
pasitala wofewa, mpunga, semolina,
mafuta, msuzi wamphamvu,
zonona mafuta, kirimu wowawasa, tchizi wowonjezera, tchizi, zotsekemera zabwino,
magawo okoma ndi zakudya zina zomwe zimakhala ndi zida zambiri zam'mimba zosavuta kugaya,
batala, margarine, mayonesi, nyama, mafuta ophika,
masoseji, soseji, nsomba zosuta, masoseji, nsomba zamitundu mitundu, nkhuku ndi nyama.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga

Wodwala amayenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, chithandizo chimatanthawuza kuti zakudya za matenda amitundu iwiri zizomveka.

Kuletsa kofunikira kwambiri kumagwera pa chilichonse chokoma, chophika ndi chokazinga, chifukwa amadzaza kwambiri kapamba, chiwindi.

Ndi chithandizo choyenera komanso zakudya zoyenera, munthu sayenera kukhala ndi mavuto ndi zovuta za matendawa. Zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu wina zitha kuwoneka ngati izi:

Chakudya cham'mawa: mkate wopanda tirigu, tiyi, dzira, oatmeal.
Chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri: zipatso, yogati yachilengedwe (mafuta ochepa).
Chakudya chamasana: saladi, supu ya nkhuku, msuzi wamasamba, compote, mkate.
Zakudya zazing'ono: tiyi, tchizi chamafuta ochepa.
Chakudya chamadzulo: saladi wamasamba, wowotedwa wa heke wowawasa zonona, koko, mkate.
Asanagone: apulosi wophika, yogurt wachilengedwe.

Dziwani zambiri zamomwe zakudya za odwala matenda ashuga zili.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga a 2 - mankhwalawa

Kuphatikiza pakusintha zakudya komanso zakudya, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala ena a 2 matenda a shuga.

Kuchita kwawo ndikufuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kupangitsa kuti insulini ipangidwe ndi maselo pazofunikira zambiri.

Mankhwalawa amtundu wa 2 wodwala matenda a shuga ndi amodzi pa wodwala aliyense, zomwe akuyenera kusankha ziyenera kusankhidwa, adokotala ayenera kusankha. Monga lamulo, mankhwalawa amaphatikizidwa panjira ya zamankhwala.

Glucobai, Miglitol. Mankhwala amathandizira kuletsa, kuyamwa kwa oligo, polysaccharides. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchulukana kwa glucose mu plasma kumachepetsedwa.
Metformin. Amatanthauzira mankhwala oyamba osankhidwa a hypoglycemic mankhwala pochiza matenda a shuga 2, a hyperglycemia, kunenepa kwambiri. Amathandizanso ndi kayendedwe, kukhudzika ndi thupi la shuga m'matumbo a minofu, samalola chiwindi kuti chimasule.
Amachokera ku Thiazolidinone. Amachulukitsa zochitika za insulin receptors, izi zimathandiza kutsitsa shuga, ndipo mbiri ya lipid imasintha.
Mankhwala a gulu la sulfonylurea 2 mibadwo. Amakhala ndi mphamvu yosintha kapamba kuti apange insulini, amachepetsa kukana kwa zotumphukira kwa mahomoni.
Starlix, Novonorm. Chochitikacho chimayang'aniridwa ndi kapamba, kupanga insulini kumakhudzidwa.

Chithandizo cha matenda amtundu wa 2 wowerengeka azitsamba

Munthu akakumana ndi matenda, amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zilizonse zopezekera pochiritsa. Type 2 shuga mellitus - chakudya ndi chithandizo chitha kuchitidwa molumikizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe apanyumba.

Ndikofunikira kufunsa dokotala musanatenge, chifukwa nthawi zina pamakhala mikangano ndi zakudya kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Mankhwala oterewa amtundu wa shuga wachiwiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chinsinsi 1. Kuti mupeze decoction wa aspen bark, muyenera supuni imodzi ya supu zamatabwa. Onjezerani 500 ml yamadzi ndi chithupsa. Lolani kuti mankhwalawa apweteke kwa maola awiri. Tsatirani zakudya zamitundu yachiwiri ya shuga, imwani katatu patsiku musanadye.
Chinsinsi 2. Pophika muyenera 1 tbsp. l sinamoni, yomwe muyenera kuthira kapu yamadzi otentha. Muyenera kulowetsa osakaniza kwa theka la ola, kenako ikani supuni ziwiri za uchi. Ikani malonda mufiriji mpaka m'mawa. Imwani theka m'mawa, chachiwiri - musanagone.
Pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa zakudya zamtundu wa 2 shuga, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa thupi la poizoni, kukonza kagayidwe. St. John wa wort tincture akuthandiza, tengani 3 tbsp. l zitsamba, kutsanulira ½ lita imodzi ya madzi otentha, lolani kuti lipange kwa maola awiri. Tengani theka limodzi la kapu musanadye katatu pa tsiku.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga - mankhwala ndi zakudya

Mtundu wachiwopsezo wa shuga wachiwiri ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine momwe mumakhala kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Matendawa amadziwika ndi kuphwanya chiwopsezo cha maselo ndi minyewa kupita ku insulin, yomwe imapangidwa ndi ma cell a pancreatic. Umu ndi mtundu wa matenda ashuga.

Zolinga za maonekedwe

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani shuga yachiwiri imabuka, ndipo ndi chiyani? Matendawa amawonekera ndi kukana insulini (kusowa kachitidwe ka thupi ka insulin). Mwa anthu odwala, kupanga insulin kumapitirirabe, koma simalumikizana ndi maselo amthupi ndipo sikufulumizitsa kuyamwa kwa glucose m'magazi.

Madokotala sanatsimikizire zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, koma malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa, matenda a shuga a 2 amatha kupezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo kapena kuzindikira kwa insulin.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga a 2 ndi:

Zakudya zoperewera: kupezeka kwa mafuta oyengedwa bwino m'makampani (maswiti, chokoleti, maswiti, ma safini, makeke, ndi zina zambiri) komanso zakudya zochepa zazomera (masamba, zipatso, chimanga).
Kunenepa kwambiri, makamaka mawonekedwe a visceral.
Kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga m'modzi kapena abale awiri apamtima.
Khalidwe labwino.
Zovuta zambiri.
Mitundu.

Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza minofu kukana insulini zimaphatikizira zovuta za kukula kwa mahomoni pa nthawi yakutha, mtundu, jenda (chizolowezi chachikulu chokulitsa matendawa mwa azimayi), komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi matenda ashuga?

Mukatha kudya, shuga m'magazi amadzuka, ndipo kapamba sangatulutse insulin, yomwe imachitika motsutsana ndi maziko a kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Zotsatira zake, chidwi cha membrane wam'm cell chomwe chimayambitsa kuzindikiritsa kwa mahomoni chimachepa. Nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale mahomoni amalowa mu khungu, mphamvu yachilengedwe sizimachitika. Vutoli limatchedwa kukana insulini pomwe khungu likulimbana ndi insulin.

Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga a Type 2

Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga ulibe zizindikiro ndipo matendawa amatha kukhazikitsidwa pokhapokha ngati kafukufuku wa zasayansi atakhala pamimba yopanda kanthu.

Nthawi zambiri, kukula kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 kumayamba mwa anthu atatha zaka 40, mwa omwe ali onenepa kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso mawonekedwe ena a metabolic syndromes m'thupi.

Zizindikiro zapadera ndi izi:

ludzu ndi kamwa yowuma
polyuria - kukodza kwambiri,
Khungu
kufooka kwakanthawi
kunenepa
kuchiritsa kwamabala

Wodwala sangakayikire za matenda ake kwa nthawi yayitali.

Amamva pakamwa pouma pang'ono, ludzu, kuyabwa, nthawi zina matendawa amatha kudzikhuthula pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba, kutupa, matenda amkamwa, kuchepa kwa mano, komanso kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe.

Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti shuga omwe salowa m'maselo amalowa m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi kapena kudzera m'matumba a pakhungu. Ndipo mabakiteriya a shuga ndi bowa amachulukana bwino kwambiri.

Kuopsa kotani?

Ngozi yayikulu yodwala matenda a shuga a 2 ndi vuto la lipid kagayidwe, kamene kamayambitsa kuphwanya shuga. Mu 80% ya milandu, motsutsana ndi mtundu wa matenda ashuga a 2, matenda a mtima ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi kutsekeka kwa chithokomiro chamitsempha yamagazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, lembani matenda ashuga a 2 omwe amachititsa kuti matenda asamayende bwino, amathandizira kukulitsa matenda a impso, amachepetsa maonedwe, komanso luso lotha kusintha khungu, lomwe limachepetsa kwambiri moyo.

Matenda a shuga a Type 2 amatha kuchitika mosiyanasiyana:

Choyamba ndi kukonza mkhalidwe wa wodwala pakusintha mfundo za kadyedwe, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kapisozi imodzi ya mankhwala ochepetsa shuga patsiku,
Chachiwiri - kusintha kumachitika mukamagwiritsa ntchito kapisozi awiri kapena atatu a mankhwala ochepetsa shuga patsiku,
Chachitatu - kuphatikiza pa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, muyenera kusankha pakubweretsa insulin.

Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi shuga pamlingo wocheperako, koma palibe zovuta, ndiye kuti thupi limatha kulimbana ndi vuto la kudya kagayidwe kazakudya.

Zizindikiro

Mwa munthu wathanzi, shuga wamba amakhala pafupifupi 3.5-5,5 mmol / L. Maola 2 atatha kudya, amatha kuuka kwa 7-7.8 mmol / L.

Kuti muzindikire matenda ashuga, maphunziro awa amachitika:

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa shuga: pamimba yopanda kanthu muzindikire zomwe zili m'magazi a capillary (magazi kuchokera pachala).
Kutsimikiza kwa glycosylated hemoglobin: kuchuluka kwake kumachulukitsidwa kwambiri mwa odwala matenda a shuga.
Kuyesedwa kwa kulolera kwa glucose: pamimba yopanda kanthu tengani pafupifupi 75 ga shuga osungunuka mu 1-1,5 magalasi amadzi, ndiye kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pambuyo pa 0,5, 2 hours.
Urinalysis ya glucose ndi matupi a ketone: kuzindikira matupi a ketone ndi glucose kumatsimikizira kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga.

Type 2 shuga

Matenda a 2 a matenda a shuga atapezeka, mankhwalawa amayamba ndi kudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mu magawo oyamba a shuga, ngakhale kuchepa thupi pang'ono kumathandizira kagayidwe kazakudya thupi ndikuchepetsa kaphatikizidwe ka shuga m'chiwindi. Zochizira zam'magawo apambuyo, mankhwala osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zakudya za hypocaloric ndizofunikira kwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi thupi lolemera (BMI 25-29 kg / m2) kapena kunenepa kwambiri (BMI> 30 kg / m2).

Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya shuga amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kusangalatsa maselo kuti apange insulin yowonjezereka, komanso kuti akwaniritse kuyika kwake plasma. Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala kumachitika ndi dokotala.

Mankhwala odziwika kwambiri a antiidiabetes:

Metformin ndi mankhwala oyamba odwala odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu 2, kunenepa kwambiri komanso kusala kudya kwa hyperglycemia. Chida ichi chimalimbikitsa kusunthika ndi kuyamwa kwa shuga m'matumbo am'mimba ndipo samatulutsa shuga ku chiwindi.
Miglitol, Glucobay. Mankhwalawa amalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa ma polysaccharides ndi oligo. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumayamba kuchepa.
Kukonzekera kwa 2nd sulfonylurea (CM) kukonzekera (chlorpropamide, tolbutamide, glimepiride, glibenclamide, ndi zina zotere) kumathandizira kubisalira kwa insulin mu kapamba ndikuchepetsa kukana kwa zotumphukira zimakhala (chiwindi, minofu minofu, adipose minofu).
Thiazolidinone zotumphukira (rosiglitazone, troglitazone) zimachulukitsa zochitika za insulin receptors ndipo potero zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, kusintha mawonekedwe a lipid.
Novonorm, Starlix. Gwiritsani kapamba kuti muchotsere insulin.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo chimayamba ndi monotherapy (kumwa mankhwala 1), kenako ndikuphatikizidwa, ndiye kuti, kuphatikiza pa kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala a 2 kapena kupitirira apo a shuga. Ngati mankhwala omwe ali pamwambawa ataya ntchito, ndiye muyenera kusintha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin.

Tsatirani malamulo osavuta

Malamulo oyambira omwe wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira:

gwiritsitsani zakudya zabwino
masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi
kumwa mankhwala
cheke magazi

Kuphatikiza apo, kuchotsa mapaundi owonjezera kumathandizira thanzi la anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2:

shuga wamagazi amafika pakapita masiku onse
kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatulutsa
cholesterol bwino
kuchepetsedwa phazi katundu
munthu amamva kupepuka m'thupi.

Muyenera kumadziyesanso nokha magazi anu. Mlingo wa shuga ukadziwika, njira yothandizira odwala matenda ashuga imatha kusinthidwa ngati shuga sikhala yachilendo.

Malamulo ndi mfundo zopangira mndandanda wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga

Matenda A shuga ndi Zakudya Zabwino

Mu shuga mellitus, kusokonezeka kwa metabolic kumachitika, chifukwa thupi limapukusira kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Type 1 shuga mellitus imachitika chifukwa cha kufa kwa maselo a pancreatic beta komanso kuchepa kwa insulin; njira yothandizira matendawa ndi kulandira insulin. Zopatsa thanzi pankhaniyi zimachitanso gawo lachiwiri komanso ndizothandiza mwachilengedwe, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga ndi insulin.

Koma mndandanda wa matenda a shuga a 2 ndi wofunikira kwambiri. Matenda a shuga amtunduwu amapezeka ngati zotsatira zosasangalatsa za kunenepa kwambiri, ndipo kudya ndiye chithandizo chachikulu.

Kuti zitheke kupanga njira yosungira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, madokotala anayambitsa lingaliro la chakudya, lili ndi magalamu 14 a michere ya digestible, mosasamala mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa chinthucho, amakweza msanga wamagazi ndi 2.8 mmol / l ndipo amafunikira kukakamizidwa ndi thupi la 2 magawo a insulin.

Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi insulin, ndikofunikira kuti azitsatira kudya tsiku ndi tsiku kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa. Kupanda kutero, kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha kuchitika. Mndandanda wachitsanzo cha anthu odwala matenda ashuga uyenera kukhala ndi magawo 18-25 a mkate, wogawika m'magawo asanu ndi limodzi, zakudya zambiri zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa thanzi ziyenera kukhala theka loyamba la tsiku.