Momwe mungayang'anire ngati pali shuga kunyumba? Matenda a shuga

Masiku ano, aliyense ayenera kudziwa momwe angayesedwe matenda a shuga. Pakadali pano, anthu pafupifupi 500 miliyoni ali ndi matendawa.

Koma sindiye chomaliza, popeza m'badwo wapano ukuwonjezeka kwambiri wonenepa, wodwala matenda ashuga. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chokhala phee, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kukhazikika kwa cholowa.

Nkhaniyi ikuthandizani kudziwa njira zopezera matenda a shuga omwe alipo komanso ndi ziti mwazodalirika.

Kodi shuga ndi mitundu yake ndi chiyani?

Matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndi kuperewera kwa dongosolo la endocrine. Mu matenda a shuga, kupanga insulini kwathunthu kapena kuchepa, chifukwa chake hyperglycemia imayamba - kuwonjezeka kwachilengedwe kwa glucose. Pakadali pano pali mitundu itatu ya matenda ashuga.

Mtundu woyamba wa matendawa ndi wodalira insulini. Pankhaniyi, pali kuphwanya kwa magawo a ma cell a pancreatic beta, chifukwa sangathe kutulutsa timadzi tofunikira m'thupi - insulin, yomwe imathandiza kuti glucose azilowetsedwe m'maselo ndi zotumphukira. Chifukwa chake, imakhalabe ndikuwunjikana m'magazi, ndipo chamoyo chanjala chimayamba kuphwanya mafuta ndi mapuloteni, matupi a ketone ndizopangidwa. Zimasokoneza kugwira ntchito kwa ziwalo, makamaka ubongo. Mtunduwu wa shuga umatchedwa wachinyamata chifukwa umapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu ochepera zaka 30.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda samadalira pakupanga insulin. Chomwe chikuwonekera cha matenda amtunduwu ndikuphwanya kuzindikira kwa zotumphukira zama cell ndi minofu ya insulin. Ndiye kuti, kapamba amatulutsa timadzi tambiri mu kuchuluka kwake, koma thupi limayankha molakwika. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matendawa umayamba mwa anthu opitilira zaka 40 omwe amakhala moyo wopanda ntchito komanso / kapena onenepa kwambiri. Ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wamatendawa, chifukwa 90% ya anthu onse odwala matenda ashuga amadwala matendawa.

Matenda a gestational ndi matenda omwe amapezeka mwa amayi oyembekezera panthawi yomwe akukonzekera. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni m'thupi la mayi wapakati. Kuchepetsa kotereku kumatha kuchitika pakadutsa masabata 14 mpaka 26 ndikuwonekera ngati kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapita pawokha atabadwa mwana, koma nthawi zina amatha kulowa mumtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga.

Kodi shuga iyenera kuyesedwa liti?

Matenda a shuga amakhala ndi zizindikiritso zambiri. Chifukwa chake, pozindikira kukayika kwa thupi, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala, yemwe adzakupatseni matenda omwe angadziwitse.

Kuphatikiza pazizindikiro zomwe zalembedwa pansipa, azimayi ndi abambo akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikilo za matenda a shuga omwe amagwirizana ndi njira yolerera. Mwa akazi, msambo umasokonekera, kuwotchera ndi kuyabwa kumwalo kumachitika, ndipo mavuto obwera amakhala osabereka.

Amuna amakhala ndi mavuto okomoka, ndi potency, kuyabwa kumachitika mu groin ndi perineum. M'magawo onse awiri, kusowa kwa mahomoni kumachitika: mwa akazi, testosterone imachuluka, ndipo mwa amuna amachepetsa.

Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a shuga ndi:

1. Pakamwa pakamwa, ludzu lalikulu komanso kukodza pafupipafupi. Popeza kuwonjezeka kwa katundu pa impso, komwe kumayenera kuchotsa shuga mthupi, amafunika madzi ambiri. Amayamba kutenga madzi kumaselo ndi minyewa, chifukwa, munthu amafunitsitsa kumwa ndikuzithandiza okha.
2. Chizungulire, kugona, komanso kusakwiya. Glucose ndimphamvu yopanga thupi lonse. Koma popeza sililowa kuchuluka kwake mu minofu ndi maselo, thupi limataya mphamvu ndipo limatha. Zomwe zimasokonekera zamafuta ndi mapuloteni, matupi a ketone, zimayamba kugwira ntchito muubongo, ndipo chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amadandaula za chizungulire chambiri.
3. Kuchuluka kwa mankhusu ndi miyendo. Ndi kukula kwa matenda ashuga, zimakhudza molakwika malekezero amitsempha, makamaka miyendo. Zotsatira zake, wodwalayo amamva zotere.
4. Zowonongeka. Kukula kwa matenda am'mimba pakapita nthawi kumapangitsa kuti ziwiya zazing'onoting'ono zikhale m'manja mwa retina. Munthu amatha kuwona chithunzithunzi, madontho akuda ndi zolakwika zina.
5. Kusokoneza kwam'mimba. Monga lamulo, nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kupangika kwamagesi kwambiri (flatulence), ndikusintha kwa kukoma kumawonekera.
6. Zizindikiro zina: njala yosalekeza, kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a pakhungu, kuchepa thupi msanga.

Njira zodziwira matenda ashuga

Pali chiwerengero chokwanira cha mayeso osiyanasiyana omwe mungadziwe ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Pakati pawo, katswiri ayenera kusankha njira yoyenera kwambiri. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi. Amaperekedwa m'mawa m'mimba yopanda kanthu.

Pankhaniyi, musanayambe kuyesedwa, ndizoletsedwa kumwa tiyi kapena khofi. Makhalidwe abwinobwino kwa munthu wamkulu amachokera pa 3,9 mpaka 5.5 mmol / L.

Njira zazikulu zopimira magazi a shuga ndi izi:

1. Urinalysis Phunziroli limachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zapadera zoyeserera. Zowona, mtengo wawo ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri - ma ruble 500. Njira yodziwitsira matenda siothandiza kwambiri chifukwa imangowonetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose - osachepera 180 mg / l.
2. Kusanthula kwa glycated hemoglobin. Kuunika kumachitika miyezi itatu kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Siyo njira yabwino koposa, chifukwa zimatenga nthawi yayitali.
3. Mayeso a kulolera a glucose. Maola awiri musanafike mayeso, wodwalayo amamwa madzi otsekemera. Kenako, magazi amatulutsidwa kuchokera mu mtsempha. Zotsatira zopitilira 11.1 mmol / L zikuwonetsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.

Kutengera ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, titha kunena kuti njira zabwino kwambiri zodziwitsira matenda ndi zomwe zimatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi munthawi yochepa ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zolondola kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kuti chidziwitsochi chikhale chodalirika, ndikofunikira kuti mupitirize phunziroli kangapo. Popeza zinthu zotsatirazi zimalimbikitsa kupotoza zotsatira zakusanthula:

1. Kunyalanyaza malamulo odutsa kuwunikirako (mwachitsanzo, wodwalayo amamwa khofi kapena kudya maswiti).
2. Mkhalidwe wopsinjika nthawi yamisempha yamagazi (adrenaline mothamanga).
3. Kutopa kwa odwala ogwira ntchito usiku.
4. Matenda osachiritsika
5. Mimba

Ngati wodwalayo adapezeka kuti ali ndi hyperglycemia (shuga wambiri), ndiye kuti dokotala amamuwunikira zowonjezera kuti adziwe mtundu wa shuga. Nthawi zambiri uku ndi kuwunika kwa kuchuluka kwa ma C-peptide ndi ma GAD antibodies, omwe amayenera kuchitidwa pamimba yopanda kanthu kapena pambuyo poyeserera thupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyezetsa matenda a shuga kawiri pachaka kumalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu oposa 40 ndipo ali pachiwopsezo.

Kudziyesa wekha kuchuluka kwa shuga

Munthu amene akudziwa za kupezeka kwake komanso akalandira chithandizo amadziwa momwe kuchuluka kwa shuga kumayendera kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, pali chipangizo chapadera - glucometer, mwachitsanzo, minima mini glucometer yomwe imayeza glucose m'magazi mumphindi zochepa.

Odwala omwe amadalira insulin amayenera kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga musanavute jakisoni aliyense wa mahomoni, ndiye kuti, katatu patsiku. Ndipo odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda amafunikira katatu patsiku. Onetsetsani kuti mumayamwa shuga m'mawa mukatha kugona, ndiye kuti maola awiri mutatha kadzutsa komanso madzulo.

Kuti muwone shuga kunyumba, muyenera kugula glucometer ndikuwerenga malangizo mosamala kuti agwiritse ntchito. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga, muyenera kutsatira njira zotsatirazi:

1. Sambani manja ndi sopo ndikutambasulira chala chanu, chomwe chitha kubowola.
2. Chitani ndi antiseptic.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito choperewera pakuboola mbali ya chala.
4. Dontho loyamba limapukutidwa ndi nsalu yosalala.
5. Lachiwiri limaponyedwa pa mzere woyezera.
6. Imayikidwa mu mita, ndipo patapita masekondi angapo zotsatira zake zikuwonetsedwa.

Pali zida zambiri pamsika wazachipangizo zamankhwala zothandizira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kwa anthu ambiri, njira yabwino kwambiri ndi mita satellite, yotsika mtengo, koma yolondola ndende ya glucose.

Kodi kudziwa nthawi yofunikira ndikofunikira?

Kusiyana pakati pa mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga kumaonekera pakatikati pa matendawa. Mtundu woyamba umatha kuyamba msanga - patangopita milungu yochepa.

Mtundu wachiwiri umadutsa pang'ono kwa zaka zingapo, kenako ndikuwonekera ngati munthu akumva zowawa zoyambira kukula kwa matenda.

Chifukwa chake, madokotala amalimbikitsa mwamphamvu kuti ayesedwe magazi ngati ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Njira zosavuta zotere zitha kuteteza munthu ku zovuta, ndipo ambiri a iwo ali ndi matenda a shuga:

1. Matenda a shuga: ketoacidotic (mtundu 1), hypersmolar (mtundu 2). Ndi isanayambike milandu yovutayi, kufunikira kwa odwala kuchipatala ndikofunikira.
2. Hypoglycemia - kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'munsi mwabwinobwino.
3. Nephropathy ndi matenda omwe amalumikizidwa ndi matenda operewera aimpso.
4. Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi.
5. Kukula kwa retinopathy ndikutupa kwa retina komwe kumakhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwiya zamaso.
6. Kuchepetsa chitetezo chokwanira, chifukwa, kupezeka kwa chimfine kapena chimfine.
7. Stroko ndi mtima.

Pofuna kupewa matenda amenewa, muyenera kusamalira thanzi lanu. Musakhale aulesi ndipo fufuzani kamodzi m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuchipatala. Komanso, kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chotenga matenda ashuga, muyenera kutsatira njira zopewera izi:

1. Khalani ndi moyo wokangalika. Muyenera kudzuka pabedi ndikuchita masewera nthawi zambiri. Itha kukhala chilichonse: kuchokera kukaona dziwe kupita nawo pamasewera a timu.
2. Tsatirani mfundo zamankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga, ndiko kuti, kuti muchepetse kukula kwa matenda, muyenera kudya zakudya zamafuta pang'ono ndi zowotcha, chakudya chofulumira, chakudya chopatsa mphamvu, zipatso zabwino. M'malo mwake, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zakudya zanu ndi zipatso zosaphatikizika, masamba, zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi michere komanso zovuta zamagulu.
3. Dzitetezeni kuti musakhumudwe. Kuti muchite izi, samalani pang'ono ndi zinthu zazing'ono zamtundu uliwonse. Monga momwe anthu amanenera, matenda osiyanasiyana amawoneka kuchokera ku mitsempha. Chifukwa chake mankhwalawa, malingaliro awa ndiowona.
4. Phatikizani kupumula ndikugwira ntchito. Simungathe kudzilemetsa ndi kugwira ntchito kwambiri komanso kugona mokwanira. Kugona kopanda komanso kosakwanira kumachepetsa chitetezo chamthupi.

Ngati mukumva zizindikiro zina zomwe zingasonyeze matenda a shuga, muyenera kuyezetsa magazi a shuga. Mukapeza izi, musataye mtima! Ili si chiganizo, chifukwa cha njira zamakono zamankhwala, odwala matenda ashuga amakhala moyo wathunthu, monga anthu ena.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi akukamba za njira zodziwira matenda ashuga.

Kodi insulin yopanda tanthauzo ndi chifukwa chiyani imafunikira

Insulin imabisidwa ndi kapamba. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikutumiza kwa glucose kusungunuka m'mwazi kupita kuzinthu zonse komanso maselo a thupi. Amachititsanso kuti kagayidwe kazakudya kagayidwe kake kazikhala mwamphamvu. Insulin imathandizira kuphatikiza pa amino acid kenako imasinthira mapuloteni m'maselo.

Pamene kupanga kwa mahomoni kapena kulumikizana kwake ndi ziwalo za thupi kusokonekera, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakwera molimba (izi zimatchedwa hyperglycemia). Ndikupezeka kuti yemwe amayendetsa shuga kulibe, ndipo iye sangathe kulowa m'maselo.

Chifukwa chake, kusakaniza kwa glucose kosasinthika kumakhalabe m'magazi, kumakhala kowonjezereka ndikulephera kutulutsa okosijeni ndi michere yomwe imafunikira pothandizira njira ya metabolic.

Zotsatira zake, makoma azotengera samatha kulowa ndipo amalephera. Zimakhala zosavuta kuvulaza. Ndi "siz" izi, mitsempha imatha kuvutika. Zochitika zonsezi mumapangidwe amatchedwa shuga.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo?

Pali gulu lomwe likuika pachiwopsezo, lomwe limaphatikizapo anthu omwe, pazifukwa zilizonse, amakhala ndi vuto lotere:

• Amayi omwe abereka mwana wolemera oposa 4.5 kg. Amayi omwe amakhala ndi pathupi pang'onopang'ono kwa nthawi yochepa kapena anali ndi ana akufa.
• Akuluakulu ndi ana omwe abale awo ali ndi kapena ali ndi matenda ashuga.
• Ana ndi akulu omwe ali ndi thupi lochulukirapo, kunenepa kwambiri.
• Odwala omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zilonda zam'mimbazi, matenda a chiwindi, kapamba, matenda am'mitsempha,
• Anthu omwe adadwala sitiroko.

Mungamvetse bwanji kuti mutha kukhala ndi matenda ashuga m'moyo wanu ndipo ndani ayenera kuyesedwa choyamba? Pali zinthu zingapo zoopsa zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wodwala poyerekeza ndi anthu ena athanzi.

• Khalidweli. Ngati munthu wapafupi nanu ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 kapena mtundu wa matenda ashuga 2, ndiye kuti mungathe kukhala ndi matendawa.
• Kulemera kwambiri. Anthu onenepa kwambiri amakhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2 pafupipafupi.
• Zizolowezi zoipa. Kusuta, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa komanso zakudya zopanda pake sikuti kumangokulitsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga, komanso kukulitsa njira ya matendawa ndikukulitsa zovuta.
• Mimba Mwa amayi apakati, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumayang'aniridwa mosamala nthawi yonseyi, chifukwa pali mtundu wina wa matenda a shuga omwe amapezeka mwa amayi apakati - shuga ya gestational.
• Ukalamba. Type 2 matenda a shuga ndi ofala kwambiri kwa anthu okalamba ndipo ukamakula kumeneku umangokulira, komabe, muyenera kukumbukira kuti mtundu 1 wa shuga, m'malo mwake, umapezeka kwambiri mwa ana ndi achinyamata.

Matendawa ndi osavuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza. Matenda a shuga amayamba kukhala osachiritsika ndipo amayamba kuchira. Maonekedwe a matendawa amakhudza magulu omwe ali ndi odwala omwe akhudzidwa ndi izi:

• Matenda a Beta-cell (kapamba, khansa ya kapamba, etc.),
• Khalidweli
• Matenda a endocrine dongosolo: Hyper- kapena hypofunction ya chithokomiro England, matenda a adrenal gland (kotekisi), pituitary gland.
• Pancreatic arteriosulinosis,
• Matenda opatsirana ndi ma virus: chikuku, chimfine, rubella, nthomba, nsungu,
• Kukhala ndi moyo wopendekera (kusowa masewera olimbitsa thupi),
• Kunenepa kwambiri (makamaka panthawi yapakati)
• Zovuta zambiri
• Matenda oopsa
• Kuledzera ndi uchidakwa,
• Kuwonetsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali kwa mankhwala ena (pituitary somatostatin, prednisone, furosemide, cyclinthuazide, maantibayotiki, hypothiazide).

Amayi amakonda kwambiri matendawa kuposa amuna. Izi ndichifukwa choti mthupi la abambo muli testosterone yambiri, yomwe imakhudza bwino kupanga kwa insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi ziwerengero, atsikana amatenga shuga wambiri ndi chakudya chamagulu, omwe amalimbitsa shuga wamagazi.

Matenda A shuga - Mitundu ya Matenda

Ambiri amva kuti ndi matenda ashuga shuga ambiri. Inde, izi nzoona. Koma sizikhala choncho nthawi zonse ndi insulin.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga, kapamba amayamba kuzipanga mosakwanira. Zotsatira zake, mahomoni awa samangogwirizana ndi ntchito zawo - samabweretsa mamolekyu a glucose omwe amafunikira kwambiri ku maselo amthupi.

Likukhalira kuti maselo amakhala ndi njala, ndipo m'magazi, m'malo mwake, pali zochulukirapo za zakudya zama cellular. Pang'onopang'ono, motsutsana ndi maziko a hyperglycemia, matenda a shuga amakula. Mothandizidwa ndi jakisoni wa insulin yokumba, ndikofunikira kupatsa maselo maselo.

Koma pali matenda amtundu wa 2. Ndi matenda amtunduwu, kapamba amawoneka kuti akupanga insulin yokwanira. Pokhapokha ziwalo za cell zitasiya kuzindikira wopeza chakudya ndipo osazipititsa timadzi timaselo.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba amapezeka kawirikawiri kwa achinyamata omwe sanakwanitse zaka 30. Koma mtundu wachiwiri wa nthendawu umapezeka kwambiri kwa iwo omwe akuposa 50 ndi akulu. Uku ndi matenda a okalamba.

Palinso boma la prediabetesic pomwe mseru wamagazi ndiwokwera pang'ono. Matenda a shuga samapitilira, koma zina mwazizindikiro zake zilipo. Muzochitika izi, muyenera kudziyang'anitsitsa nokha.

Amayi akuyenera kumamvetsera okha, chifukwa shuga imadziwika kwambiri ngati matenda achikazi. Amuna sakonda kudwala, chifukwa mahomoni ogonana achimuna opangidwa ndi matupi awo amasokoneza zovuta za insulin.

Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osakhazikika ndipo amalumikizidwa ndi kuperewera kwa dongosolo la endocrine, makamaka chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwamankhwala a insulin (mahomoni apansi a kapamba). Kodi limagwirira bwanji matendawa komanso momwe mungadziwire shuga?

Kapangidwe kake ka mtundu uliwonse wa shuga ndikosiyana, koma pali zizindikiro zomwe zili ndi aliyense wa iwo. Sizitengera zaka komanso mtundu wa wodwala. Izi zikuphatikiza:

1. Kulemera kwa thupi
2. Wodwala amamwa madzi ambiri, pomwe akumva ludzu nthawi zonse,
3. Kukakamira pafupipafupi kukodza, kuchuluka kwamkodzo tsiku lililonse kumatha kufika mpaka malita 10.

Momwe mungapangire kuyesa kwamkodzo ndi magazi a matenda ashuga kunyumba

Gwero lalikulu lopangira mphamvu, lofunikira kwambiri kuti thupi la munthu wamkulu komanso mwana liyenera kuonetsetsa kuti likugwira ntchito moyenera, ndi glucose, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maselo ngati mafuta. Kulowa kwake mu maselo kumaperekedwa ndi insulin - timadzi timene timatulutsa pa ntchito ya kapamba.

Mwa munthu wathanzi, ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, insulin secretion imakulanso. Glucose imakonzedwa kwambiri ndi maselo, ndende yake imachepa.

Nthawi zambiri, zomwe zili ndi shuga pa lita imodzi yamagazi siziyenera kupitirira 5.5 mmol pamimba yopanda kanthu, ndipo patapita nthawi, mutatha kudya - 8.9 mmol.

Kuti muwone mkodzo kapena magazi a glucose kunyumba, mutha kugula ku pharmacy iliyonse yopangidwa mwanjira iyi:

• magazi shuga mita
• mkodzo poyesa mkodzo,
• Chiti cha A1C

Glucometer ndi chida chapadera chomwe chimakupatsani mwayi wofufuza magazi anu popanda thandizo la akatswiri. Ili ndi chida cholumikizira chala ndi mizere yapadera kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Mzere wa mtundu uwu wopanda mankhwala umagulitsidwa ku pharmacy. Kusanthula kumayenera kuchitika powerenga malangizo asadalowe. Ngati mayesowo atawonetsa kuti mkodowo uli ndi shuga, kuyezetsa magazi kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi glucometer.

Chiti cha A1C

Kuyesedwa kochitidwa ndi A1C kit kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa miyezi itatu. Nthawi zambiri A1C iyenera kukhala 6%. Musanagule zida zotere, samalani ndi nthawi yayitali yomwe mayeso atchulidwa pa phukusi. Bokosi lanyumba limapereka kuwunika kwa mphindi 5.

Gulu la anthu odwala matenda ashuga komanso zomwe zimayambitsa

Mitundu itatu yayikulu ya shuga imatha kusiyanitsidwa.

Chomwe chimapangitsa kukula kwa matenda amtunduwu ndi njira yomwe imachitika pakakhala chitetezo chokwanira, chifukwa chomwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimayamba kuwononga ma cell a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulin.

Shuga (glucose) amatunga madzi m'maselo kupita m'magazi. Madzimadzi amathandizidwa kudzera mu genitourinary system, ndikupanga kuthekera kwamadzi. Kulemera kwa wodwala kumachepa kwambiri ndipo ngati simuyamba kulandira chithandizo pa nthawi, munthu amatha kudwala matenda a shuga, omwe amatha kupha.

Zovuta za kapamba, kuwonongeka kwa thupi ndi rubella, hepatitis, ndi ma virus ma mumps zitha kutsogola kukula kwa machitidwe a autoimmune. Kudyetsa mwana mkaka wa ng'ombe ndi chinthu chinanso chopangitsa kuti izi zitheke.

Matenda A shuga A Type I nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi achinyamata ndi ana, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "shuga achinyamata." Dzinalo lina ndi "matenda a shuga achichepere", limakula mwachangu ndipo, pakakhala kuti palibe wowayang'anira ndi kulandira chithandizo moyenera, amabweretsa imfa.

Ndi mtundu wamtunduwu wa shuga, insulini imabisidwa mokwanira, koma chidwi chake cha zomwe limalandira chimachepa, ndipo glucose simalowa m'maselo. Kubisala kwa mahomoni osafunikira kumatsika pakapita nthawi, ndipo kupanga mphamvu kumachepa.

Kuphatikizika kwa mapuloteni osakanikirana kumasokonezeka, komwe kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni, kukulitsa makutidwe ndi mafutawa. Zinthu zama metabolism (matupi a ketone) zimadziunjikira m'magazi. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa chidwi chazomwe zimatha kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha ma cell receptor omwe amalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwokhudzana ndi zaka kapena kuwonongeka kwawo chifukwa cha kupha kwambiri kwa mankhwala, kumwa mankhwala, komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin nthawi zambiri amakhudza azimayi.

Matenda a shuga amtunduwu amatha kupezeka mwa mkazi nthawi yapakati. Nthawi zambiri zimadutsa panokha mwana atabadwa. Kulemera kwa mwana muzochitika zotere pakubadwa kwake ndizoposa 4 kg. Amayi omwe adwala matenda a shuga oyembekezera amakhala pachiwopsezo, chifukwa amakhala ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda ashuga amtundu wachiwiri kuposa azimayi ena.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya matenda ashuga. Amakhudzana mwachindunji ndi kuzunzika kwa insulin receptors, genetic syndromes, zochitika zosakanikirana ("matenda otentha a shuga").

Ngakhale kuti maphunziro a matendawa ali mwa ana ali ofanana ndi kukula kwa matenda awa kwa akulu, ali ndi mawonekedwe ake. Matenda a shuga a Type 2 ndi osowa kwambiri mwa ana. Pankhani ya mtundu woyamba wa shuga mwa mwana, cholowa ndi chomwe chimapangitsa kuti kapamba akhale ndi maselo osakwanira omwe amabweretsa insulin.

Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza chitukuko cha ana ashuga:

• kuyamwitsa makanda ndi zosakaniza kapena kuyamwitsa poyamwitsa,
• nkhawa zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwa chitetezo cha mwana,
• matenda opatsirana omwe kale anali ndi chikuku (rubles, rubella, mumps) zomwe mwana adadwalapo kale.

Monga lamulo, ana aang'ono samadandaula zazinthu zazing'ono zowonekera. Chifukwa chake, makolo ayenera kusamala ndikuyang'anira kusintha kulikonse kumaonekera pakukhazikika kwawo komanso moyo wa mwana wawo.

Momwe mungadziwire matenda ashuga kunyumba?

Madokotala odziwika bwino

Ermekova Batima Kusainovna

Malyugina Larisa Aleksandrovna

Murashko (Mirina) Ekaterina Yuryevna

Zochitika zaka 20. PhD mu Sayansi Yachipatala

Masiku ano, ambiri akuda nkhawa ndi funso loti angadziwe bwanji matenda ashuga kunyumba, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amadwala matenda oopsa chaka chilichonse.

Choyamba, muyenera kulabadira zamtundu waumoyo ndikuwonetsedwa kwa zizindikiro zosasangalatsa.

Ambiri sadziwa za vuto, chifukwa sadziwa tanthauzo lake, chifukwa chake, kudandaula kumachitika chifukwa chodwala chifukwa cha kusazindikira komanso kusayembekezeka. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukonzekera njira yolondola yodziyimira nokha ndi thupi lanu.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti palibe chomwe chimachitika mwachilengedwe. Pali "zizindikilo" zowonetsera zomwe zimadziwitsa munthu za kukhalapo kwa zovuta. DM imadziwika ndi kusinthasintha kwa kulemera, ndipo pafupifupi popanda chifukwa, ngakhale kuzungulira.

Mabala omwe sanachiritse nthawi yayitali komanso mabala angathenso kuyang'ana, kuphatikiza chilichonse, kuthana ndi chimfine ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.

M'madera ena odwala matenda ashuga, kuona kumacheperachepera ndipo kuchepa kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi komanso kusowa kulakalaka zochitika zatsiku ndi tsiku. Mphamvu yowonetsera ikhoza kusiyanasiyana, koma pazowonjezera, zizindikirazi zikuyenera kupereka kukhalapo kwa ngozi yayikulu.

Munthu amene akudwala matenda amakhala ndi vuto la kugona, ndipo mwadzidzidzi amatha kumangolakalaka ndi "nkhanza". Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulin. Zomwezi zimaperekanso ludzu: zimadziwika kwambiri pamene madzi ambiri akufunika kuposa masiku onse. Izi zimayimira bwino mawonetseredwe a matendawa ngakhale osapita kuchipatala.

Shuga akamatuluka, maselo am'mitsempha mu ubongo amayamba "kuvutika", izi zimayambitsa kukwiya kwambiri, nthawi zina kukwiya, zachilendo kwa munthu uyu. Mkhalidwe wamaganizidwe omwe wakhudzidwa ndi matendawa amatha kutengeka ndi china chakunja, ndichifukwa chake odwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi nkhawa komanso amakhala ndi nkhawa.

Mukazindikira zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambapa, mutha kunena nthawi yomweyo kuti mwakuwopseza kwakukulu ngoziyo ilipo. Popanda kuyesa, mutha kudziwa matendawo kunyumba. Izi zikuthandizira kuonetsetsa gawo lomwe lingachitike pachiwopsezo cha thupi ndipo limathandizira kuti athandizidwe mofulumira.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ndizosatheka kuchedwetsa njira zonse ndikutanthauzira ndikupita kwa dokotala, chifukwa thupi limatha kugwira ntchito, makamaka poganizira kuti matenda ashuga angayambitse imfa chifukwa cha shuga wambiri.

Sizitengera kuyesayesa kwakukulu kuti muchite njira zodziyimira pawokha. Masiku ano, pali njira zingapo zodziwira ngati chamoyo chikudwala kapena ayi.

Ngati pali chikhumbo komanso kuthekera koyezetsa matenda a shuga, ndiye njira zitatu:

• kuwerenga kwa glucometer
• zingwe zoyeserera
• zida zoyambira A1C.

Mokulira, sipadzakhala mavuto ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. M'malamulo ophatikizidwa, chilichonse chimafotokozedwa mchilankhulo chofikira, ndi masitepe pang'onopang'ono. Zokhudza mtengo wake, zilinso zomveka. Zowerengera zapakatikati ndizofanana ndi ziwerengero kuchokera ku ruble 500 mpaka 2 500. Zonse zimatengera zida ndi wopanga.

Mwachitsanzo, ma ntchafu pakupimidwa mkodzo ali ndi mtengo wokwera wa ma ruble mazana asanu, ma glucometer ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochepa pazotsatira ndi mtendere wanu wamalingaliro, komanso zamtsogolo, ndikukhala ndi chidaliro m'mayendedwe anu: ndikofunikira kupita kukapangana ndi katswiri kapena kungoganizira matenda ena omwe amafanana ndi zomwe mwazindikira.

Ngati tikulankhula za kulondola kwa zida zoyesedwa ndi zida, ndiye kuti pokhapokha tifunika kuyimitsa m'mbali zomwe zimasanthula mkodzo wa wodwalayo. Satha kuzindikira kachigawo kakang'ono ka shuga kochepera 190 mg / dl. Chifukwa chake, kutanthauzirako kumabweretsa malingaliro olakwika.

Ngati shuga atulukapo, ndiye kuti chikhala chokwanira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho molondola kwambiri. Pogula zida za A1C, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti zikuwonetsa zotsatira mpaka mphindi 10, apo ayi simuyenera kuyembekeza kuti mudzachita bwino kwambiri.

Ponena za glucometer, ndiye kuti chilichonse chimatsimikiziridwa ndi mulingo woyenera.

Lamulo lalikulu ndikuwunikira pamimba yopanda kanthu, apo ayi kuwerenga sikungakhale kolondola.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikulakwitsa, muyenera kusamala: malingana ndi deta yakuchipatala, zotsatira zake zenizeni ndizokhudza 20% ya kupatuka kuchokera ku mtundu wa zida. Chifukwa chake, chiwerengerochi sichingakhudze kusintha kwapadziko lonse mtsogolomo.

Wopanga amapereka mayeso apadera ndi chipangizocho, kutengera nthawi ndi nthawi momwe mungathere kuyang'ana momwe ntchitoyo ikuyendera. Amawonetsa zinthu zoyenera chifukwa cha enzyme yoyikidwa kumtunda wapamwamba, womwe umagwirizana bwino ndi maselo amwazi, kufalitsa zomwe zili ndi shuga.

Matenda a shuga sangathe kuzindikirika kwa nthawi yayitali, popeza zizindikirochi ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ena kapena atha kukhalapo kwathunthu.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pali chibadwa chamunthu. Ngati pali matenda pakati pa achibale, magazi a shuga amayenera kuperekedwa nthawi zonse. Malangizo omwewo atha kuyendetsedwa kwa achikulire, komanso amayi oyembekezera omwe ali onenepa kwambiri.

Kudziwa matenda a shuga mu mkodzo kapena kuyezetsa magazi ndi njira zina zodziwira matenda. Pali zizindikiro zingapo zokhala ndi matenda ashuga zomwe zingathandize kudziwa matendawa popanda kuyesedwa kunyumba.

Amawonekera kutengera kutsika kwa insulin katemera, kutalika kwa matendawa ndi mikhalidwe yake:

• ludzu losalekeza
• kukodza pafupipafupi
• kulakalaka
• kuwonda
• kuyabwa kwa pakhungu ndi mucous nembanemba, mabala amachiritso olakwika
• chimfine, nthawi yayitali matenda opatsirana,
• masomphenya osalala
• mavuto ndi potency mwa amuna,
• kufooka, kutopa, kusokonekera,
• kutsitsa kutentha kwa thupi
• kunenepa.

Matenda a shuga amayambitsa maonekedwe ena owopsa. Mwachitsanzo, phazi la matenda ashuga. Mafupa ndi mafupa a miyendo amakhudzidwa, kayendedwe ka magazi kamasokonezeka chifukwa cha atherosclerosis, zilonda zam'mimba, mabala omwe samamva kuwonekera, momwe cholowera chopweteka chimatsitsidwa.

Ngati simukuthandizira mendo wowonongeka, ndiye kuti pakhungu limayamba. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala matenda ashuga amakonda kupatsa matenda ena a mtima. Mwa azimayi, chiopsezochi ndi chachikulu kwambiri kuposa amuna.

Pamodzi ndi chikhalidwe, mankhwala azikhalidwe amapereka njira zabwino zochizira matenda ashuga. Zitsamba zamankhwala sizingangochiritsa matenda a shuga ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa shuga, komanso kusinthanitsa thukuta, kubwezeretsa mawonekedwe abwino, kukweza mawonekedwe ndi magwiridwe.

Pali njira zingapo zochitira mosavomerezeka:

• Chinyengo cha tsamba la laurel. Bay tsamba 10 zidutswa zotentha ndi kapu yamadzi otentha. Kuumirira pafupifupi 2 mpaka 3 maola. Tengani theka lagalasi (125 ml) katatu patsiku theka la ola musanadye.
• Kulowetsedwa kwa Laurel. Wiritsani masamba 15 akuluakulu mu 300 ml ya madzi kwa mphindi 5. Thirani mu thermos m'malo ndi masamba. Pambuyo 3 mpaka 4 maola, kupanikizana ndi kumwa kwathunthu patsiku, kumwa pang'ono. Chitani chilichonse masiku atatu pakatha milungu iwiri.
• Kulowetsedwa kwa katsabola. Mu thermos yokhala ndi nthangala za katsabola (pafupifupi supuni) kutsanulira theka la lita imodzi ya madzi otentha. Limbikani bwino. Tengani 100 ml katatu patsiku musanadye.
• Tincture wa katsabola mbewu ndi vinyo. 100 g ya mbewu yophika mu vinyo wofiira wachilengedwe pamoto wochepa kwambiri kwa mphindi 20. Pambuyo pake uyenera kusefedwa ndi kufinya. Tengani tincture musanadye zosaposa 50 g.

Kuchokera pazosankha zawo, odwala ndi omwe akufuna kutenga njira zodzitetezera ayenera kusiyanitsidwa mwapadera:

• nyama ndi mkaka,
• ufa ndi pasitala
• shuga, maswiti ndi maswiti ena,
• wokondedwa
• timadziti
• mbatata
• mkate wopanda yisiti.

Pali chilichonse chatsopano komanso chachilengedwe, chopanda utoto, zonunkhira ndi zowonjezera zonunkhira.Njira ya matenda ashuga imayendetsedwa bwino ndi menyu, kuphatikizapo nyemba, nandolo, kabichi, amadyera, zukini, ndi biringanya. Buckwheat ndiwothandiza kwambiri.

Muyenera kudya pafupipafupi kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku, koma zochepa pang'onopang'ono ndi zosakhazikika pakati sizabwino. Zakudya zocheperako, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti inshuwaransi yochepa ipangidwe.

Zachidziwikire, chithandizo ndi kupewa zovuta za matendawa zimatengera chakudya chochepa kwambiri chama carb, koma ngati sichingothandizidwa ndi njira ya agogo okha, koma ndi njira yotsimikiziridwa, ndiye kuti matendawa atha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri:

1. Kuchepetsa kudya mafuta m'thupi.
2. M'malo mwa shuga, gwiritsani ntchito wokoma.
3. Yenderani miyendo kuti muwononge. Sambani tsiku lililonse ndi sopo ndi kupukuta bwino.
4. Chitani zolimbitsa thupi pang'ono, makamaka ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa thupi.
5. Yang'anirani mano anu kuti muchepetse matenda.
6. Pewani kupsinjika.
7. Nthawi zonse yang'anirani zowerengera m'magazi ndi mkodzo mayeso.
8. Osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osalandira mankhwala a dokotala.
9. Kuchiza ndi wowerengeka azitsamba.
10. Nthawi zonse muzikhala ndi cholembera chokhudza matenda a shuga komanso kuchuluka kwa insulini kapena mankhwala omwe ali nanu.
11. Sanatorium amalimbikitsidwa makamaka kwa anthu omwe shuga yawo imayendera limodzi ndi matenda a chiwindi ndi impso. Kuthandiza moyenera m'magulu azachipatala apadera kumachitika povutitsa physiotherapy, physiotherapy ndi bath.
12. Njira zopangira mabala.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ofala omwe amakhudza amuna, akazi, ngakhale ana aang'ono. Matenda a matenda am'mimba amayamba "mwakachetechete", chifukwa chake matenda ashuga ayenera kutsimikiziridwa kumayambiriro.

Matenda okoma amatha kuchitika popanda popanda zizindikilo, kapena zizindikilo sizinatchulidwe kotero kuti wodwalayo amalemba zonse zomwe zikuwonetsa matendawa ku matenda ena. Komabe, pali mndandanda wina wazizindikiro womwe ungakupatseni mwayi wofufuza matendawa kunyumba.

Zizindikiro zochepa za shuga

Ngakhale kuti zomwe zimayambitsa ndikukula kwa mtundu uliwonse wa matenda osiyanasiyana a shuga ndizosiyana, zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe owoneka (zizindikiro), zomwe sizingatengeke ndi zaka komanso jenda.

1. kamwa yowuma, ludzu, kumwa oposa malita awiri patsiku,
2. kukodza pafupipafupi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwamkodzo kwamkati mpaka malita 5, nthawi zina mpaka malita 10.
3. kusintha kwa thupi.

Kusintha kwa kulemera kwa thupi ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimakupatsani mwayi kudziwa mtundu wa matenda ashuga. Kuchepetsa thupi kwambiri kumawonetsa matenda amtundu wa shuga woyamba, kuwonjezereka kwake kumadziwika ndi mtundu wachiwiri.

Kuphatikiza pa zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu, pali ena, kuuma kwake komwe kumatengera kutalika kwa matendawa. Ndikangokhala ndi shuga wambiri, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimatha kuchitika:

• kutsika kwamphamvu ndi kupenya kowoneka,
• kulemera kwamiyendo, kukakamira m'misempha ya ng'ombe,
• kutopa, kufooka, chizungulire,
• kuyabwa kwa khungu ndi perineum,
• Matenda opatsirana,
• zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuchiritsa mabala ndi mafinya.

Mlingo wa kuuma kwawo kumatengera umunthu wa wodwalayo, kuchuluka kwa shuga komanso kutalika kwa matenda ashuga.

Mwana kapena wachikulire ali ndi ludzu losakhutira, pakamwa louma, amayamba kuyamwa madzi ambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amakodza ngakhale usiku, ndikofunikira kuganizira. Kupatula apo, ndizokhazikika izi zomwe zimathandizira kudziwa shuga m'magawo oyamba.

Zikatero, muyenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe, atamvetsera madandaulo, akupereka mayeso oyenera, omwe akuphatikizapo mayeso angapo, kuphatikiza magazi a shuga omwe ali mmenemo, mayeso a mkodzo wapafupipafupi (mwa munthu wathanzi, sayenera kukhala ndi mkodzo wambiri mu chizolowezi) chithandizo choyenera.

Musaiwale kuti nthawi zambiri matendawa amayambika ndipo amatha kuchitika kwa nthawi yayitali popanda zizindikiro zapadera, koma amawonekera ndi zovuta zomwe zimachitika kale. Koma izi sizingatheke.

Kuti muchite izi, osachepera kamodzi pachaka, wamkulu ayenera kukayezetsa mofananamo ndi dokotala iyemwini (perekani magazi ndi mkodzo kuti adziwe kupezeka kwa shuga mwa iwo) osanyalanyaza mayeso opewera omwe adalembedwa ndi dokotala wa ana.

Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda ashuga, omwe amatchedwa "mbendera zofiira," amalola madotolo kukayikira matendawa ndikuwapatsa wodwalayo mayeso oyesa kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi shuga wambiri.

• Kuyamwa mwachangu. Impso zimayambira kuchuluka kwa glucose ndipo zimakonda kusefera panthawi ya diresis, pomwe madzi ambiri amawatulutsa pamodzi ndi mamolekyulu a shuga.
• W ludzu. Zowonjezera zomwe anthu amafunikira ndizomwe zimawonjezera shuga. Mulingo wambiri wa glucose umatsogolera pakuchotsedwa kwatha kwa shuga mu mkodzo, ndipo thupi limasowa madzi. Njira yayikulu yodzitetezera ku madzi ndi ludzu - zizizindikiro zimatumizidwa ku ubongo kuti ndikofunikira kumaliza zamadzi. Munthu amayamba kumwa pafupipafupi kuposa kale, nthawi zina mpaka malita 8-10 patsiku.
• Kuchepetsa thupi. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 ndi onenepa kwambiri, kuchepa thupi kumayamba pang'onopang'ono kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa matenda ndikudziwika bwino komanso osasintha kadyedwe.

Madandaulo a ludzu, kukodza kwambiri komanso kuchepa kwa thupi nthawi zambiri amakhala anzawo a shuga ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimapangitsa dokotala kuti aganizire za matenda akulu. Komabe, palinso zizindikiro zochepa za matenda ashuga, zomwe, komabe, zitha kuthandizira kukayikira kudziwa izi ndikulola kulandira chithandizo kwakanthawi kuti kuyambe.

Kutopa ndikuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito, kumverera kwakanthawi koti "kutaya mphamvu" kumatha kuchitika mwa munthu aliyense wathanzi, komabe, kutopa kwa nthawi yayitali, kusakhudzika ndi kutopa, osati chifukwa cha kuchuluka thupi kapena kupsinjika, komanso kusazimiririka pambuyo pakupuma, kungakhale chizindikiro cha endocrine matenda, kuphatikiza matenda ashuga.

Chifukwa chiyani magazi a shuga amatuluka

Amapereka kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'madzi a m'magazi. Ndikwabwino kupanga zovuta zomwe zimakhala ndi maphunziro awa:

• Mkodzo pamatupi a ketone ndi shuga,
• Shuga wamagazi kuchokera pachala chanu
• Magazi a insulin, hemoglobin ndi C-peptide,
• Kuyesa kwamphamvu kwa khungu.

Magazi a glucose kuti mumalize chithunzicho muyenera kuperekanso kawiri: pamimba yopanda kanthu (mpaka 6,6 mmol / l) ndi maola angapo mutatha kudya (masiku 8.3 mmol / l).

Nthawi zambiri kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhala koyenera, pomwe mayamwidwe amasintha shuga - izi zimachitika koyambirira kwa matendawa.

Musanadutse mayeso, muyenera kutsatira malamulo otsatirawa:

1. Patulani mankhwala onse mu maola 6,
2. Osamadya osachepera maola 10 mayeso asanachitike,
3. Osamadya vitamini C,
4. Musadzinyengere nokha ndi kuthupi.

Ngati palibe matenda, ndiye kuti chizindikiro cha glucose chidzachokera ku 3,3 mpaka 3.5 mmol / L.

Momwe mungadziwire matenda ashuga kunyumba? Ndi zizindikiro ziti mwa abambo ndi amai zomwe zikuonetsa kukula kwa matendawa? Kodi ndizotheka kudziwa zamatsenga popanda kuyezetsa magazi?

Kuyimbira koyamba

Munthu akakhala wathanzi kwathunthu, ndiye kuti akangodya, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi kumadzuka. Komabe, patatha maola ochepa, shuga mu thupi amakhala wamba momwe angafunikire.

Momwe mungadziwire matenda a shuga? Matenda okoma amatha kuchitika popanda chilichonse, ndipo amatha kupezeka mwa wodwala mwangozi. Mwachitsanzo, wodwala amabwera kudzayeza mayeso kwa akatswiri am'maso, ndipo sangathe kudziwa matenda, komanso kudziwa mtundu wa matenda ashuga.

Mutha kudziwa ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga kapena ayi. Ndipo zizindikilo zimatha kupezeka palimodzi kapena mosiyana:

• Kulakalaka kumamwa nthawi zonse, kumapita kuchimbudzi (ngakhale usiku mpaka ka 10).
• Kuuma ndi kusenda kwa khungu.
• Kumauma mkamwa.
• Kulakalaka kwambiri, ngakhale mutadwala kwambiri, mumafunabe kudya.
• Kufooka kwa minofu.
• M'mphepete mwa m'munsi.
• Malo owonda sachira kwa nthawi yayitali.
• Nthawi zina kugundana ndi mseru komanso kusanza.

Kuphatikiza apo, wodwalayo amatha kuchepera thupi. Monga lamulo, izi zimachitika ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda ashuga 1. Komanso, kulemera msanga ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2.

Momwe mungadziwire matenda a shuga? Ngati muli ndi zomwe tafotokozazi - zingapo kapena zingapo, ndiye muyenera kuganizira zaumoyo wanu, kuonana ndi dokotala komanso kukayezetsa.

Zizindikiro izi sizithandiza kudziwa mtundu wa matenda ashuga, popeza ndiwofanana m'mitundu iwiri yonse yamatenda. Chifukwa chake, mitundu iwiri ya matenda iyenera kuganiziridwa mosiyana.

Funso loti kaya munthu ali ndi matenda ashuga kapena ayi ndiwofunikira. Popeza kuzindikira kwa matenda a munthawi yake kungathandize kupewa zovuta za matendawa.

Momwe mungadziwire mtundu wa matenda ashuga? Chithunzi cha chipatala cha matenda a mtundu woyamba chimaphatikizapo zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Kusiyanako kukugona pakuwonekera kwa matendawa.

Chikhalidwe chosiyana ndi matenda amtundu woyamba wa shuga ndikuti pali kusintha kwakukuru mu shuga mumthupi (choyambirira kwambiri, kenako mosachedwa kwambiri, komanso mosemphanitsa).

Poyerekeza ndi mtundu woyamba wamatenda, kuchepa kwambiri kwa thupi la wodwalayo kumachitika. Monga lamulo, wodwala amatha kutaya mofulumira ma kilogalamu 15 m'miyezi ingapo. Kuphatikiza apo, pali chisokonezo cha kugona, makamaka kugona.

1. Fungo lachilendo kuchokera kumkamwa wamkamwa.
2. Kusanza, kusanza.
3. Ululu pamimba.

Mwambiri, mitundu yoyamba imapezeka m'matenda achichepere, ndipo sizachilendo kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 40. Nthawi zambiri, anthu azaka zopitilira 40 amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a 2 ndipo amapatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.

Komabe, adotolo atha kulakwitsa, ndipo panthawiyi matendawa amapita patsogolo, chithandizo chamankhwala sichithandiza, chifukwa sizokwanira mtundu uwu wa matenda, chifukwa, ketoacidosis imayamba.

Mtundu wachiwiri wamatenda

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda umapezeka kwambiri kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 40. Monga lamulo, zizindikiro zazikulu sizikuwonetsedwa. Nthawi zina kuyezetsa magazi kumathandizira matenda.

Gulu lachiwopsezo limaphatikizapo anthu omwe ali onenepa kwambiri, matenda oopsa ndi mitundu ina ya ma metabolic syndromes.

Zochita zachipatala zimawonetsa kuti ndi matenda amtunduwu, kumangokhala ndi ludzu komanso pakamwa pouma ndizosowa. Nthawi zambiri, odwala amadandaula za kuyabwa komwe kumachitika m'munsi.

Nthawi zambiri, sizotheka kudziwa matendawa nthawi yake. Monga lamulo, ngati nkotheka kuzindikira matenda okoma, wodwalayo ali kale ndi zovuta za matenda a shuga 2.

Dziwani kuti zovuta kudziwa mtundu wa shuga wachiwiri ndizomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zomwe zimadzadziwikitsa mtsogolo.

Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyang'anira thanzi lanu mosamala, ndipo mukaona zizindikiro zina, funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Makamaka ngati pali zinthu zomwe zimakonzeratu.

Zizindikiro

Kodi matenda ashuga amapezeka bwanji? Ndipo zikuyenera kuwonetsa chiyani pofufuza kuti anene motsimikiza kuti wodwalayo ali ndi matenda a shuga?

Kuzindikira matendawa, palibe kafukufuku m'modzi yemwe amachitika, koma angapo. Wodwala amafunika kupereka magazi kuti apange glucose, kuyesa kwa mkodzo kukhalapo kwa acetone, kudutsa kuyesa kwa shuga, kudziwa C-peptitis ndi zizindikiro zina zodziwikiratu.

Kuti muzindikire matenda a shuga, kupereka magazi kokha m'mimba yopanda sikokwanira. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesedwa kwa shuga kumalimbikitsidwa maola ochepa mutatha kudya.

Zambiri pazofufuza zina:

• Mwa munthu wathanzi, shuga ndi acetone sizimawonedwa mkodzo. Shuga amatha kuwonekera mkodzo pokhapokha glucose m'thupi wopitilira magawo 8.
• Glycated hemoglobin imakuthandizani kuzindikira shuga m'magazi m'miyezi itatu yapitayo.
• Kuyesedwa kwa glucose kumakuthandizani kudziwa zomwe zikukambidwa: matenda ashuga kapena prediabetes. Kwa magazi othamanga, malire a shuga m'thupi ndi magawo 5.5. Pa zitsanzo zachigawo chachiwiri cha magazi, mpaka magawo 7.8. Ngati zizindikirozo ndi 7.8-11, zikuwonetsa kulephera kwa shuga. Kuposa magawo 11 amadziwika ndi matenda.

Pambuyo pakuwunikidwa kokwanira, adokotala amatha kunena molondola. Tsoka ilo, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga umapezeka nthawi zambiri ukatayika.

Ponena za mtundu woyamba, ndikosavuta kuthana nawo, chifukwa ali ndi zambiri zotchulidwa. Ndipo ngakhale wodwala yekhayo angakayikire kuti thupi lake likuyenda bwino.

Ndipo matenda a shuga adakupezani bwanji? Fotokozerani nkhani yanu kuti mumalize ndemanga ndi chidziwitso!

Kodi matenda omwe adwala ndi

Pali zizindikiro zina zowoneka bwino zomwe zikusonyeza momwe mungazindikire matenda ashuga. Nayi mndandanda wawo wathunthu:

1. Kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi pafupipafupi (kuti pee).
2. Kuchepetsa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri.
3. Kuyanika kwa mucosa mkamwa.
4. Kulakalaka kwambiri chakudya.
5. Kusintha kosaganizira.
6. Chimfine pafupipafupi komanso matenda a virus.
7. Mantha.
8. Zilonda zazitali zosasindikizidwa.
9. Thupi limakonda kusuntha.
10. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala zilonda, zolowa pakona pakamwa.

Mwa zina mwazizindikiro, kuchuluka kwamkodzo, komwe kumachoka m'thupi masana, kumakhala kodziwika. Kuphatikiza apo, kulumpha mwadzidzidzi kuyeneranso kukhala kwatcheru.

Nthawi zambiri, kutsimikizira kuti shuga ikupezeka ndikumverera kosalekeza kwa njala. Izi ndichifukwa choti maselo samakhala opanda chakudya. Thupi limayamba kufuna chakudya.

Poyerekeza ndi mbiri yakufa ndi thupi, masomphenyawo amayamba kutsika kwambiri. Kunyalanyaza thanzi lathu kumatha kuyambitsa khungu. Zizindikiro zotere ndi chifukwa chachikulu chopita kuchipatala. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana, pitani kwa endocrinologist.

Matendawa m'magulu ochita ntchito nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "njira yofikira kukalamba", chifukwa matenda a shuga amasokoneza njira zonse za thupi. Zitha kuyambitsa zovuta zowopsa:

1. Kuphwanya ntchito ya maliseche. Kusabala kungayambike mwa amuna, komanso kusamba kwamiseche kwa akazi. Muzochitika zapamwamba, kusabereka kumawonekera, kukalamba koyambirira ndi matenda ena amachitidwe obala.
2. Stroke, zovuta zamagazi mu ubongo, encephalopathy (kuwonongeka kwa mtima).
3. Kukhulupirira masomphenya. Izi zimaphatikizapo: conjunctivitis, matenda a shuga, balere, kuwonongeka kwa ziphuphu, kuphwanya kwa khungu ndi khungu, kuwonongeka kwa iris.
4. Kutupa kwamkamwa. Mano athanzi amatuluka, matenda a periodontal ndi stomatitis amakula.
5. Matendawa
6. Matenda a matenda ashuga. Njira za purroc necrotic, zotupa za osteoarticular zimayamba ndi zilonda zam'mimba (mafupa, minofu yofewa, mitsempha, mitsempha yamagazi, khungu, mafupa amakhudzidwa). Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chodulidwa mwendo mwa odwala.
7. Matenda a mtima dongosolo (atherosulinosis, mtima arrhythmias, matenda amitsempha yamagazi).
8. Zovuta zam'mimba zodutsa - fecal incinuence, kudzimbidwa ndi zina zotero.
9. Kulephera kwamkati komwe kumayambitsa impso yochita kupanga.
10. Kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo lamanjenje.
11. Coma

Matendawa ndi akulu kwambiri, motero odwala amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala monga insulin, kusintha kwathunthu kwa moyo wawo komanso zakudya.

Zochita zonsezi zidzakhala za moyo wonse, chifukwa ndizosatheka kuchiritsa matendawa.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati mukukayikira matenda ashuga

Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda ashuga, njira zochiritsira zimasiyana:

• Mtundu 1. Mankhwala a insulin amachitika - jakisoni wa mahomoni a mayunitsi a 0,5-1 pa kilogalamu ya kulemera. Zakudya zomanga thupi ndi masamba / zipatso zina zimachepetsedwa. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi. Ndi chithandizo choyenera cha thupi, wodwalayo samakumana ndi zovuta.
• Mtundu 2. Insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati muli ndi zochitika zapamwamba kwambiri, motero palibe chifukwa chochitira izo. Chithandizo chachikulu ndicho kudya mankhwala ndikumwa mankhwala a hypoglycemic. Amathandizira shuga kulowa m'maselo. Nthawi zambiri infusions pa zitsamba.

Imachita imodzi mwatsatanetsatane pochiza matendawa. Pazakudya zinazake, ndibwino kufunsa katswiri wazakudya. Ngati tirikulankhula za mfundo zazikuluzonse zokhudzana ndi zakudya za matendawa, titha kusiyanitsa izi:

• Chotsani shuga ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zimapezeka muzakudya. Ngati ndizovuta popanda shuga, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zina. Zilibe zopindulitsa thupi, koma osayambitsa zovulaza.
• Kuti m'mimba mutha kugaya bwino zakudya zamafuta, mutha (m'malo oyenera) kugwiritsa ntchito zonunkhira.
• M'malo khofi ndi zakumwa za ceccoria.
• Adyo ochulukirapo, kabichi, anyezi, sipinachi, udzu winawake, tomato, nsomba (kupatula mitundu yamafuta), dzungu ndi masamba ena atsopano.
• Kuchepetsa kapena kusadya zakudya zotere.

Zakudya zoyenera siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe timapeza kuchokera ku chakudya.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi

Masewera amawotcha shuga owonjezera. Pali masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe amapangidwira odwala matenda ashuga. Muyenera kuzichita tsiku ndi tsiku.

1. Kukweza masokosi, manja amapuma kumbuyo kwa mpando - mpaka 20 zobwereza,
2. Squat akugwirizira chithandizo - maulendo 10-15,
3. Muyenera kugona kumbuyo kwanu moyang'anizana ndi khoma, pambuyo pake muyenera kukweza miyendo yanu ndikulimbitsa mapazi anu kukhoma kwa mphindi 3-5,
4. Kuyenda tsiku lililonse pamsewu ndikuyenda mosinthasintha.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti izi sizophunzirira muholo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafuna kumaliza kudzera "Sindingathe."

Thupi silikuyenera kuchuluka ndipo ngati zikuvuta kuti wodwalayo azibwereza - asiyire zochepa. Wonjezerani katundu pang'onopang'ono.

Njira za anthu

Amathandizanso kuchepetsa nkhawa, koma sangathe kupereka mankhwala athunthu. Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi chithandizo chamankhwala komanso chilolezo chodwala. Pokonzekera infusions gwiritsani anyezi, vodika, khungwa la oak, acorns, plantain, burdock, linden, walnuts.

Choyamba, musachite mantha ndikuopa kupita kwa dokotala. Kuti mudziwe kuti matendawa safuna mayeso ovuta komanso okwera mtengo, ndikokwanira kukayezetsa magazi ndikudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Pakadali pano, odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ali ndi mwayi ngakhale kunyumba kuti akachite mayeso kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa glycemia ndikuchita tsiku ndi tsiku. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za glucose othamanga ndi 3.3-5,5 mmol / L, ndipo mutatha kudya zosaposa 7.8 mmol / L.

Komabe, kuthamanga kwa glucose komwe kumakwera kamodzi sikutanthauza chifukwa chodziwira matenda osokoneza bongo, kuchuluka koteroko kuyenera kupezeka kawiri, kapena chifukwa chotere mwina chikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga pamtunda wa 11 mmol / l, mosasamala kanthu za kudya.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa a shuga amapita kukawunika mozama kuti adziwe mtundu wa matendawo, zovuta zake, komanso kupereka chithandizo choyenera.

Momwe mungapewere matenda a shuga. Malangizo

Tsoka ilo, palibe malingaliro kuti apewe matendawa ndi chitsimikizo cha 100%. Pali zinthu zobadwa mwanjira ina zomwe sizingatengere mwanjira iliyonse. Komabe, pali malingaliro angapo othandizira kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda a shuga ochuluka:

1. Khalani ndi moyo. Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi, sankhani zomwe mungachite ndi zolimbitsa thupi, ngati zikuyenda, kusambira kapena kuyenda.
2. Samalani chakudya. Sankhani zakudya zopatsa thanzi, perekani zakudya zamafuta omwe ali ndi chisonyezo chachikulu cha glycemic (chimanga, masamba) m'malo mwa chakudya "chofulumira" cha zakudya (ufa, maswiti).
3. Pewani kulemera. Chongani cholozera chanu chambiri ndikuchisunga mosasintha.
4. Siyani zizolowezi zoyipa. Yesani kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mowa uliwonse ndikusiya kusuta msanga momwe mungathere.
5. Yang'anirani magazi anu. Ngati zaka zanu zatha zaka 40 kapena muli ndi vuto limodzi, simungathe kuchita popanda mayeso: nthawi zonse mumaperekanso magazi muchipatala chogwiritsira ntchito kapena gwiritsani ntchito monga glucometer kuti mupeze matenda ashuga panthawi.
6. Penyani kuthamanga kwa magazi anu ndi kumwa mankhwala kuti muchepetse, ngati pakufunika.

Kumbukirani - matenda ashuga sichingakhale sentensi, anthu omwe akudwala matendawa amatha kukhala moyo wathunthu, komabe, kuyendera adokotala mwachangu komanso kwakanthawi kudzawonjezera mwayi wanu wokhala ndi thanzi lanu ndikukhalanso ndi moyo wabwino.

Kodi mungadziteteze bwanji?

Chofunikira kwambiri ndikuwunika nthawi zonse thanzi lanu komanso momwe mukukhalira moyo wabwino. Popewa kukula kwa matendawa, tsatirani malamulo awa:

• M'malo mafuta nyama nyama,
• Osakhala ndi mantha kwambiri,
• Sewerani masewera
• Kawiri pachaka, yang'anani kuchuluka kwa shuga mkodzo ndi magazi,
• Chepetsa kapena siyani mowa ndi fodya
• Idyani pang'ono
• Chepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi zakudya zina zosavuta m'zakudya zanu.

Kumbukirani kuti thanzi lanu limawonetsera mayendedwe amoyo. Zimavutika mukapanda kuzitsatira ndikukuthandizani ndi chisamaliro choyenera. Chifukwa chake, chitani ulemu mthupi lanu ndipo matenda adzakudutsani!