Matenda a shuga

Kusowa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi vuto lomwe pafupifupi 25% ya odwala onse amakhala nalo. Muyenera kudziwa njira zazikulu zowonetsera komanso njira zochizira zomwe zimapangidwira odwala matenda ashuga.

Matenda a shuga ndi nephropathy ndi vuto lalikulu la impso. Ma pathologies ena a impso angayambitse kugwa kwa hemoglobin, koma maonekedwe oyambirira a nephropathy, kugwa kwakukulu kwa chitsulo m'magazi kumachitika.

Mavuto oterewa samangoyambitsa kulephera kwa impso, komanso amachititsa kuchepa kwa magazi, komwe kumakhala kowopsa kwambiri mu shuga.

Mawonekedwe a shuga

Ichi ndi matenda endocrine chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa wachibale kapena insulin. Ndi mahomoni m'thupi la munthu omwe amawongolera kagayidwe kazakudya zomanga thupi, zomanga thupi ndi mafuta. Insulin imapangidwa ndi kapamba monga yankho la kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, mwachitsanzo, mutatha kudya.

Insulin imatengedwera thupi lonse ikalowa m'magazi. Hormone iyi imalumikizana ndi maselo komanso imapereka kukonzekera kwa glucose. Insulin imapereka shuga yochepa ya magazi ndi zakudya zamafuta. Chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ashuga ndikuti munthu ali ndi vuto la insulin.

Kuperewera kwa insulin kulibe kanthu, ndiye kuti kapamba amatulutsa insulini yochepa kwambiri kapena samayipanga konse. Kuperewera kwathunthu kwa timadzi timeneti kumawonedwa mu mtundu woyamba wa shuga. Kuchepa kwa insulini kumanenedwa ngati kuchuluka kwake sikokwanira kwa kagayidwe kachakudya ka shuga.

Vutoli limafanana ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga, pomwe kuchuluka kwa thupi la insulin sikungapereke kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi chifukwa chakuchepa kwa chidwi chathu cha insulin. Vutoli limatchedwa insulin kukana.

Ndikamalandira chithandizo mosayenera komanso kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, matenda a shuga amawononga ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe. Izi zokhudzana ndi matenda ashuga zimabweretsa chakuti capillaries ndi mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi yomwe imalimbitsa minofu ndi ziwalo za thupi ndi magazi.

Mu odwala matenda ashuga, malinga ndi shuga wokhala ndi mphamvu yayitali, makhoma a arterioles amayamba kudzazidwa ndi ma carbohydrate ndi maofesi amafuta, omwe akuwonetsedwa kuwonongeka kwa maselo m'makoma amitsempha yamagazi komanso kukula kwa minofu yolumikizana.

Odwala arterioles amatsekera, ndipo chamoyo chomwe chimadya chimayamba kusowa komanso kuperewera kwa chakudya. Kuwonongeka kwa impso mu matenda a shuga kapena matenda ashuga nephropathy amayamba ndi makina amenewa.

Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa ziwiya za impso chifukwa cha matenda am'mimba kumabweretsa kufa kwa minofu ya impso ndikusinthidwa ndi minofu yolumikizana. Monga mapangidwe a nephropathy, impso zimayamba kulephera kupanga zosefera ndi kupanga mkodzo, motero, kulephera kwaimpso kumawonekera.

Oposa theka la anthu omwe amalephera kupweteka aimpso amayamba chifukwa cha matenda ashuga.

Zimayambitsa magazi m'thupi matenda ashuga

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chitukuko cha zovuta zilizonse zimakhalira ndi shuga.

Shuga amachepetsedwa nthawi yomweyo! Matenda a shuga m'kupita kwa nthawi angayambitse matenda ambiri, monga mavuto amawonedwe, khungu ndi tsitsi, zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba komanso matenda otupa! Anthu amaphunzitsa zinzake zowawa kuti azisintha shuga. werengani.

DM imadziwika ndi kusowa kwa mahomoni a insulin omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba. Ndi mtundu 1 shuga mellitus, pali kuchepa kwathunthu kwa chinthu ichi, chifukwa mwina sichingapangidwe konse, kapena chingapangidwe kochepa kwambiri. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga a shuga, kuchepa kwa insulin kumawoneka kuti sikokwanira, chifukwa chinthucho chimapangidwa, koma kuchuluka kwake sikokwanira pakugwira ntchito kwazinthu zonse. M'njira zonsezi, pali shuga wa magazi. Chifukwa cha izi, mitsempha yamagazi imawonongeka.

Kuwonongeka kwa kuzungulira kwa impso kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa aimpso parenchyma ndikukula kwa aimpso kulephera. Chiwalo chophatikizidwa sichikwaniritsa ntchito zake, monga kupanga chinthu erythropoietin - mtundu wothandizira mafupa. Ndi chinthu ichi, mafuta m'mafupa amapatsa thupi maselo amwazi. Ndi wopanda erythropoietin, wodwalayo amakhala ndi magazi m'thupi. Nephropathy imadziwika kuti ndi yofala pakati pa odwala matenda ashuga. Kukula kwake kumatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa erythropoietin, ndipo chifukwa chake, hemoglobin.

Zizindikiro

Hemoglobin yayikulu imapereka chakudya chokwanira komanso mpweya wabwino ku cell iliyonse mthupi. Hemoglobin wochepa amawonetsa kupezeka kwa matenda omwe amakhudza machitidwe a hematopoiesis. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha hemoglobin wochepa, wodwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

• kutopa kwambiri, kufooka,
• Hypothermia wa mikono ndi miyendo,
• mutu, chizungulire,
• kupuma movutikira
• kusadya bwino
• kusowa pogonana
• kuchepa kwa malingaliro.

Zizindikiro

Matenda a anemia ndi matenda ovuta, ndipo kuti aphunzire ndi kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukayezetsa. Hogulobini wochepetsedwa amatsimikiza pogwiritsa ntchito kuyezetsa magazi konse, koma zifukwa zomwe zimatsitsidwa ndizosiyana. Nthawi zambiri, shuga wambiri amakhumudwitsa matenda a impso, zomwe zimayambitsa magazi m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, monga gawo lazodziwikiratu, maphunziro otsatirawa angafunike:

• Mulingo wa Hba1C. Glycosylated hemoglobin akuwonetsa kukhalapo, kuopsa kwa vuto la shuga, komanso kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa zovuta. Cholinga chake ndi 7%. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amafunika kuchita mayesowa maulendo 4 pachaka.
• Urinalysis Chimawonetsa kusayenda bwino mu chiwalo chophatikizika.
• Ultrasound a impso. Amazindikira kukhalapo kwa organic zotupa za impso parenchyma chiberekero cha shuga.
• Kuzunza kwa erythropoietin. Amawonetsa chikhalidwe cha kuchepa magazi. Mulingo wabwinobwino wa timadzi tokhala ndi hemoglobin yotsika timawonetsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Ngati mankhwalawa ali m'magazi ochepa kwambiri, ndi kuwonongeka kwambiri kwa impso. Chithandizo chinanso chimadalira zotsatira za kafukufukuyu.

Matenda a shuga ku matenda a shuga amawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a mtima.

Chithandizo cha matenda a mtima

Ndikotheka kuwonjezera hemoglobin mu shuga mellitus mukamaulula mtundu wa kuchepa kwa magazi. Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amapezeka ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa iron, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chosowa chitsulo komanso mavitamini m'thupi. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo adapangidwa kukonzekera zachitsulo ndi zovuta zapadera za vitamini, zomwe ziyenera kukhala ndi vitamini B12 ndi folic acid. Ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso komanso kusowa kwa erythropoietin, chithandizo chotere sichothandiza.

Hormone mankhwala

Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi kuchepa kwa magazi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa erythropoietin. Pankhaniyi, ndizosatheka kukweza hemoglobin mothandizidwa ndi wowerengeka azitsamba, mavitamini ndi chitsulo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi erythropoietin amadziwika kuti ndi njira yothandiza kubwezeretsa wodwalayo. Chifukwa cha homonotherapy, kuphatikiza ndalamazi m'magazi kumakwera mwachangu, njira ya hematopoiesis imabwezeretseka.

Mankhwala a Hormonal amadziwika ndi dokotala payekha atatsimikizira kufooka kwa erythropoietin pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso. Mankhwalawa amathandizidwa katatu kapena kamodzi patsiku kwa sabata limodzi, ngakhale kuti ndizotheka kupanga njira yothandizira wodwala poyerekeza ndi machitidwe a matenda a shuga. Kuzindikira kwakanthawi ndikugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwa erythropoietin kumalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa mtima ndi matenda a kwamikodzo.

Kupewa

Mukatsatira njira zomwe zimatithandizira kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi la shuga, zimadziwika kuti kuwonjezeka kwa shuga kungachepetse hemoglobin ndikuwonjezera magazi. Nthenda ya impso chifukwa cha matenda ashuga imachitika popanda chithandizo chofunikira. Popewa kulephera kwa impso komanso kuchepa magazi, odwala ayenera kutsatira zotsatirazi:

• funsani kwa dokotala ngati mukukayikira shuga ndikuyamba kulandira matenda,
• kutsatira kwambiri zakudya zomwe mumayenera kudya ndikumwa mankhwala,
• kudziletsa shuga palokha
• muchepetse shuga ndi zakudya komanso mankhwala, mutakambirana ndi dokotala,
• lekani zizolowezi zoyipa,
• kuonda
• khalani moyo wokangalika.

Kuti muchepetse zovuta za matenda ashuga, muyenera kuchepetsa shuga.

Matendawa amakula ndi matenda ashuga ngati wodwalayo anyalanyaza chithandizo chomwe wapatsidwa. Malingaliro akuti matenda ashuga ndi sentensi akhala akulakwitsa. Matenda a shuga ndi njira yapadera pamoyo. Kupewa kwa zovuta pang'onopang'ono kumakhala chizolowezi, chomwe chimalepheretsa matenda angapo, kukhalabe ndi moyo wabwino komanso kutalikitsa moyo. Njira ya matendawa komanso mwayi wokhala ndi zovuta zomwe zimadalira wodwalayo ndi momwe amaonera thanzi lake.

Matenda A shuga

Iron ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri lomwe limayikidwa pakupereka ntchito zonse zofunikira za thupi. Udindo wake pakupanga hemoglobin, mapuloteni omwe amanyamula mpweya kuchokera kumapapu kupita kuzinthu zonse ndi ziwalo, amadziwika kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, amawongolera mapangidwe a mapuloteni ndi maselo enaake a chitetezo cha mthupi, ndikukhalanso ndi antioxidant. M'madera ena a ubongo, mumakhala chitsulo chambiri kuposa chiwindi - malo osungira ("sitolo") ya chinthuchi, chifukwa popanda iwo ntchito ya ziwalo zaubongo zomwe zimayang'anira machitidwe, kugona, kukhudzika mtima, kuchuluka kwa nkhawa, komanso kuthana ndi kupsinjika ndizosatheka. zolimbitsa thupi, miyambo ya circadian ya ziwalo za endocrine ndi ena ambiri.

Kuperewera kwazitsulo sikuvomerezeka

Kuperewera kwa chitsulo kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe. Mwa ana aang'ono, kukula kwa thupi ndi malingaliro, kapangidwe ka mawu, kulumikizana kwa kayendedwe kumalepheretseka, kukula kumachedwa. Mwa achinyamata ndi achikulire, kuthekera kwa malingaliro kumachepa: kukumbukira kumakulirakulira, chidwi chimalephera, kusakhazikika pamalingaliro kumawonjezeka, kugwira ntchito konse kumachepa, ndipo izi zimatsogolera kuwonongeka pamlingo wamoyo - zochitika pamoyo zimakhala zochepa, kufunitsitsa kukwaniritsa zolinga zilizonse, kudzidalira kumawonjezereka. Zonsezi zimatha kudzetsa nkhawa kwambiri mayiko. Nthawi zambiri, mikhalidwe imeneyi imatha kusintha - mankhwala akatha, ntchito zonse zimabwezeretseka kwathunthu. Ngati kuchepa kwachitsulo kumapitirira kwanthawi yayitali, pazaka zambiri, kusintha kumatha kulimbikira ndikupitilira moyo wonse.

Chuma chachikulu mthupi ndichopanga hemoglobin ndi myoglobin - protein. Chofunika tsiku lililonse chachitsulo ndi 20-22 mg, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti tizipeza ndi chakudya. Chowonadi ndi chakuti thupi limagwiritsa ntchito molekyu yofananira mobwerezabwereza: cell yofiira yomwe ikukalamba (khungu la magazi lomwe lili ndi hemoglobin) itawonongeka, chitsulo chomwe chimatulutsidwa sichichotsedwe m'thupi, koma chimayikidwa m'chigawo chachiwiri - chimaphatikizidwa ndikupanga cell yatsopano yamagazi.

Mwa 20 mg omwe timafuna patsiku, 1.5-2 mg yokha ndiyomwe imayenera kuperekedwa kudzera m'matumbo, omwe pa zaka 1-3 muyenera kupeza pafupifupi 1 mg / kg yachitsulo ndi chakudya, kuyambira zaka 4 mpaka 10 - 10 mg, Pambuyo pa zaka 10 - 14-18 mg. Zofunikira zomwe zatsala zidzakwaniritsidwa ndi masheya athu omwe.

Zitsulo zowonjezera ndizowopsa

Udindo wazitsulo pakuyendetsera okosijeni umatsimikiziridwa ndi kuthekera kwake kwakukulu ndikupereka ndi ma elekitironi, koma malowa amathanso kukhala ovulaza pazinthu zina: ndi chitsulo chochulukirapo m'thupi, chimakhala chankhanza, chimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni osiyanasiyana ndi makoma a cell (kwenikweni, molekyulu yachitsulo imakhala yaulere zachilendo). Zofanana zimawonekeranso kuchepa kwa mapuloteni, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zitsulo zonse zimamangidwa ndi mapuloteni - zimapangitsa kuti mawonekedwe aulere a micelement iyi atsekereze komanso kuti asawonongeke. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndikofunikira kuti munthu athe kupeza zokwanira zokhala ndi chitsulo ndi kufunikira kwa kapangidwe kazakudya zama protein tsiku lililonse.

Mafuta achitsulo m'matumbo amatha kusokonezedwa pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana - ichi ndi dysbiosis, pachimake komanso matenda am'mimba otupa, kupezeka kwa mphutsi. Kuperewera kwachitsulo kumathandizanso kuti pakufunika kwambiri pakukula, mwachitsanzo, kwa ana osaposa chaka chimodzi, kapena munthawi yotambasulira, komanso mwa achinyamata, othamanga, amayi oyembekezera komanso oyembekezera. Iron sidzakhala yokwanira pamaso pa magazi, kuphatikiza magazi obisika (mphuno, kusamba kwa nthawi yayitali, kuyimitsa m'matumbo ndi kutupa kwake komanso kusalolera mkaka wa ng'ombe), komanso, ndi zakudya zopanda ana kwa ana ochokera m'mabanja omwe amapeza ndalama zochepa, anthu osadya masamba, komanso m'mabanja omwe ndalama zambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndi zakudya zamafuta kwambiri komanso zotsekemera zamafuta.

Zoyambira zazikulu zachitsulo ndi nyama.

15-20% yachitsulo imamwedwa kuchokera pazinthu zamtundu wa nyama, ndipo 2-8% yokha kuchokera muzinthu zamasamba.

Zanyama

Matenda a shuga

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kuchepa kwa magazi m'gulu la shuga mellitus (DM) kumapezeka mwa magawo anayi mwa odwala. Matenda a shuga amakhudza ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe, kuphatikiza zovuta za hematopoiesis. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi ndi matenda a shuga ndi kulephera kwaimpso, komwe nthawi zambiri kumayenderana ndi matenda a shuga. Mavuto ndi osavuta kupewa ngati mutsatira malangizo omwe aperekedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Mankhwala othandiza odwala matenda ashuga: mndandanda, malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kuwunika

Matenda a shuga tsopano akukhudza anthu ochulukirachulukira. Onse akulu ndi ana amavutika ndi vutoli. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa ndi osachiritsika ndipo amafunika kuperekedwa kwa mankhwala apadera kwa nthawi yonse. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda ashuga, amagwira m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndipo nthawi zambiri amayambitsa mavuto. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kumwa okhawo omwe adokotala adanenera.

Mitundu ya matenda ashuga

Pali mitundu iwiri yamatenda. Onsewa amadziwika ndi shuga yayikulu yamagazi, yomwe imachitika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Ndi matenda a shuga amtundu 1, omwe amatchedwanso insulin, thupi silipanga mwaokha mahomoni ofunikira awa. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo a pancreatic. Ndipo chithandizo chachikulu cha mtundu wa wodwalayo wa shuga ndi insulin.

Ngati ntchito za kapamba sizilemala, koma pazifukwa zina zimatulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono, kapena maselo athupi sangathe kutero. Amadziwikanso kuti insulin-Independent. Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatha kukwera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu, kusokonezeka kwa metabolic. Nthawi zambiri, munthu akamakhala ndi matenda a shuga a 2, amakhala wonenepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa chakudya chamafuta, makamaka zinthu za ufa, maswiti ndi wowuma. Koma, kuwonjezera pa chakudya, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikofunikanso. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a shuga a 2, amaikidwa ndi dokotala kutengera mtundu wa matendawa.

Insulin-wodwala matenda a shuga:

Palibe mankhwala ochiritsira matendawa. Mankhwala othandizira amangofunikira.Chifukwa chiyani mankhwalawa samathandizira? Mwa munthu wathanzi, kapamba amatulutsa mahomoni a insulin, omwe amafunikira kagayidwe kabwinobwino. Amatulutsidwa m'magazi pomwe munthu akadya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwake kwa glucose kukwere. Ndipo insulin imalitulutsa kuchokera ku magazi kupita ku maselo ndi minyewa. Ngati shuga ndi wochuluka, timadzi timeneti timathandizira pakupanga malo ake m'chiwindi, komanso kuphatikizidwa kwamafuta kwambiri.

Mu insellusus yodalira shuga, kutulutsa kwa insulin ndi kapamba kumasokoneza. Chifukwa chake, shuga wamagazi amakwera, omwe ndi owopsa kwambiri. Vutoli limayambitsa minyewa ya minyewa, kukula kwa impso ndi mtima, kupangika kwa magazi ndi mavuto ena. Chifukwa chake, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti insulini ikubwera kuchokera kunja. Ili ndi yankho ku funso lomwe amamwa mankhwala a shuga 1. Ndi mankhwala molondola a insulin, kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala owonjezera nthawi zambiri sikufunika.

Zokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito insulin

Hormoni iyi imasweka mwachangu m'mimba, kotero singathe kumwa mapiritsi. Njira yokhayo yobayira insulin mthupi ndi syringe kapena pampu yapadera mwachindunji m'magazi. Mankhwalawa amalowetsedwa mwachangu ngati adayikika mu khola lamkati pamimba kapena kumtunda kwa phewa. Tsamba lomwe silothandiza kwenikweni ndi ntchafu kapena matako. Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kubayira mankhwala pamalo omwewo. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zina mwazinthu zothandizira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin. Kuzindikiritsa kwa mahomoni kumadalira kuchuluka kwa zomwe wodwala amayenda, zomwe amadya, komanso zaka zake. Kutengera izi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwalawa imaperekedwa ndipo mlingo umasankhidwa. Kodi pali mitundu yotani ya mahomoni iyi?

• Insulin-yochitika kwa nthawi yayitali - imagwiritsa ntchito shuga tsiku lonse. Chitsanzo chowoneka bwino ndi mankhwala a Glargin. Amakhala ndi shuga wamagazi nthawi zonse ndipo amatumizidwa kawiri pa tsiku.
• Insulin yokhala ndi nthawi yochepa imapangidwa kuchokera ku mahomoni amunthu pogwiritsa ntchito mabakiteriya apadera. Awa ndi mankhwalawa "Humodar" ndi "Actrapid". Zochita zawo zimayamba pambuyo pa theka la ola, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwabweretse musanadye.
• Ultrashort insulin imayendetsedwa pambuyo chakudya. Imayamba kuchita mphindi 5-10, koma zotsatira zake sizikupitilira ola limodzi, chifukwa chake, imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mitundu ina ya insulin. Mankhwalawa ali ndi kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu: Humalog ndi Apidra.

Mellitus wosadalira insulin: mankhwala

Kukonzekera mankhwalawa a matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ndikosiyanasiyana. Matenda amtunduwu amapezeka pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana: chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, moyo wokhazikika, kapena kunenepa kwambiri. Mafuta owonjezera m'magazi omwe ali ndi matendawa amatha kuchepetsedwa m'njira zingapo. Poyamba, kusintha kwa moyo wanu komanso zakudya zina ndizokwanira. Ndiye mankhwala ndi ofunika. Pali mankhwala osokoneza bongo:

• insulin yolimbikitsa othandizira, mwachitsanzo, sulfonylureas kapena dongo,
• zikutanthauza kusintha insulin komanso minofu kukhudzika kwa izo, awa ndi Biguanides ndi thiazolidinediones,
• mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa shuga,
• magulu atsopano a mankhwala amathandizira kuchepetsa kulakalaka komanso kuchepa thupi.

Mankhwala omwe amathandizira thupi kupanga insulin pawokha

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a shuga amadziwika mu magawo oyambirira a chithandizo cha matenda. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumangokulitsidwa pang'ono, zolimbitsa chitetezo cha insulin zimayikidwa. Ndiwakanthawi kochepa - meglitinides ndi sulfonylurea zotumphukira, zomwe zimakhala ndi phindu lokhalitsa. Ambiri a iwo amayambitsa mavuto ambiri, mwachitsanzo, hypoglycemia, mutu, tachycardia. M'badwo watsopano wokha wamankhwala, Maninil ndi Altar, alibe zolakwa izi. Komabe, madokotala nthawi zambiri amakupatsani mankhwala omwe amadziwa bwino komanso omwe amayesedwa nthawi yayitali: Diabetes, Glidiab, Amaril, Glurenorm, Movogleken, Starlix ndi ena. Amatengedwa katatu patsiku, kutengera nthawi yochitapo kanthu.

Mankhwala omwe amasintha mayamwidwe a insulin

Ngati thupi lipanga kuchuluka kokwanira kwa timadzi timeneti, koma kuchuluka kwa glucose ndikokwera, mankhwala ena amawaikira. Nthawi zambiri awa amakhala a biguanides, omwe amasintha kuyamwa kwa insulin ndi maselo. Amathandizira kuchepetsa kulakalaka, amachepetsa kupanga shuga ndi chiwindi ndi mayamwidwe ake m'matumbo. Biguanides omwe amakonda kwambiri ndi Siofor, Glyukofazh, Bagomet, Metformin ndi ena. The thiazolidinediones: Actos, Pioglar, Diaglitazone, Amalvia ndi ena omwe ali ndi zotulukapo zofanana ndi minofu yomwe imawonjezera kukhudzika kwawo ndi insulin.

Kodi pali mankhwala ena ati a shuga?

Magulu ena a mankhwala nthawi zambiri amathandizira odwala matenda ashuga. Amawonekera posachedwa, koma atsimikizira kale kugwiriridwa kwawo.

• Mankhwala "Glucobai" amalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa glucose m'matumbo, chifukwa chomwe mulingo wake m'magazi umachepa.
• Mankhwala osakanikirana "Glucovans" amaphatikiza njira zingapo zoyambitsa thupi.
• Mapiritsi a Januvia amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.
• Mankhwala "Trazhenta" ali ndi zinthu zomwe zimawononga ma enzymes omwe amasunga shuga wambiri.

Zakudya zowonjezera zakudya

M'magawo oyamba a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amawononga m'mimba amatha kuchepetsedwa. Mankhwalawa amathandizidwa ndi zakudya zapadera komanso zamagulu a mankhwala azitsamba ndi zina zowonjezera zamankhwala. Njira izi sizingathe mmalo mwa chithandizo chamankhwala chokhazikitsidwa ndi dokotala, mutha kungowonjezera.

• BAA "Insulin" imasintha kagayidwe, imalimbikitsa kapamba ndipo imachepetsa mayamwidwe a glucose.
• Mankhwala opangidwa ku Japan "Tuoti" amathandiza kuchepetsa shuga komanso kuchepetsa matenda
• Mankhwala ofanana ndi mankhwala azitsamba "Glucberry" samangoyendetsa shuga, komanso amakhalanso ndi thupi, komanso kupewa matenda a shuga.

Zolemba za mtundu wa 2 shuga

Mankhwalawa amapezeka pamapiritsi. Zambiri zimayambitsa mavuto:

• kunenepa
• kutupa
• fragility
• kukanika kwa mtima,
• nseru ndi m'mimba zopweteka
• chiwopsezo cha kukhala ndi hypoglycemia.

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala ochokera m'magulu osiyanasiyana amakhudza thupi mosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo sangathe kusankha mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amayenera kumwa. Ndi dokotala yekhayo amene angadziwe momwe mungachepetse shuga wanu. Ngati pali zizindikiro za kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka insulini, ndiye kuti ndibwino kusinthira kwa iyo mwachangu, osayesa kusintha magome ochepetsa shuga.

Ndi mankhwala ena ati omwe mungalandire odwala matenda ashuga?

Wodwala wotere sayenera kuwunika zakudya zokha. Ndikofunikira kuphunzira mosamalitsa malangizo a mankhwala aliwonse, ngakhale chimfine kapena mutu. Ambiri a iwo amatsutsana mu shuga. Mankhwala onse sayenera kukhudzana ndi shuga komanso akhale ndi zovuta zochepa.

• Kodi ndingamwe mankhwala ati a shuga? Ovomerezeka ndi "Indapamide", "Torasemide", "Mannitol", "Diacarb", "Amlodipine", "Verapramil", "Rasilez".
• Ma pinkiller ambiri komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amalimbana ndi kutupa amaloledwa kukhala ndi shuga, chifukwa sizikhudza shuga wamagazi: Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Citramon ndi ena.
• Pakazizira, madzi a shuga omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi shuga ndi lozenges wa resorption ayenera kupewedwa. Sinupret ndi Bronchipret amaloledwa.

Umboni Wodwala wa Mankhwala A shuga

Masiku ano, matenda a shuga akuwonjezerekanso kwa anthu. Ndi mankhwala ati omwe amatchuka kwambiri ndi matendawa amatha kupezeka pakuwunika kwa odwala. Chithandizo chogwira mtima kwambiri ndi Glucofage, yomwe, kuphatikiza kuchepetsa shuga, imathandizira kuchepetsa thupi komanso kupewa ngozi yamavuto. Nthawi zambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Siofor ndi Maninil. Kukonzekera kwazitsamba komwe kwatuluka posachedwa kwadzetsa malingaliro ambiri abwino, omwe amathandiza kupititsa patsogolo shuga komanso kusintha thanzi lathunthu. Awa ndi "Dialek", "Nyimbo za shuga", "Matenda a shuga", "Yanumet" ndi ena. Ubwino wawo umaphatikizapo kuti alibe contraindication ndi zoyipa. Koma iwo, monga zowonjezera zonse za biologically, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati dokotala akuvomera.

Zotheka

Monga lamulo, izi zimachitika ndi chiwerengero chosakwanira cha maselo ofiira am'magazi - maselo ofiira a m'magazi. Nthawi yomweyo, munthu amayamba kukhala ndi vuto la matenda osokoneza bongo monga kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha komanso kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe. Matenda a impso, mtima, ndi mitsempha yomwe imayendera limodzi ndi matenda a shuga amathanso kukulira.

Impso za matenda ashuga zimatha kuperewera kwa magazi. Chiwalochi sichachilendo Amatulutsa erythropoietin, timadzi timene timapangitsa kuti maselo ofiira apangidwe ndi mafupa ofiira. Ngati impso zawonongeka, timadzi tambiri sikokwanira kupereka chitetezo mthupi mwa maselo ofiira amwazi.

Nthawi zambiri, anthu saona mavuto a impso mpaka atafika patali kwambiri. Koma ngati magazi atapezeka mukuyezetsa magazi, ichi ndi chizindikiro choyambirira cha vuto la impso.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndi matenda ashuga, kutupa kwamitsempha kumakhala kofala, komwe kumasokonezeranso chizindikirocho kupita ku chifuwa choti thupi limafunanso maselo ofiira amwazi.

Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a shuga amatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a hemoglobin omwe amakhala ndi mpweya. Mwa zina mwa mankhwalawa pali ACE inhibitors, fibrate, metformin ndi thiazolidinedione.

Matendawa amathanso kukulira ngati munthu wayamba kudyeka.

Kuyesa kwa magazi

Kuyesa kwa magazi kwamankhwala kumathandiza adotolo kuti azitha kuona chithunzi chanu chonse magazi. Kusanthula kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera am'magazi, maplatate ndi maselo ofiira m'magazi, komanso ngati zili zabwinobwino. Mlingo wa hemoglobin umatsimikizidwanso. Nthawi zambiri, ndi 140-175 g / l kwa amuna ndi 123-153 g / l kwa akazi. Kuchepa kwa chiwerengerochi kumatha kuwonetsa kuchepa kwa magazi.

Gawo lotsatira ndikukhazikitsa chomwe chimayambitsa. Dokotala wanu atha kuyitanitsa kuwunika kwa kuchepa kwa chitsulo, kulephera kwa impso, hypovitaminosis, kutulutsa magazi zamatsenga, ndi thanzi pamafupa.

Chithandizo cha Anemia

Ngati magazi am'mimba amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mchere, zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chitsulo ndi zowonjezera zachitsulo zimayikidwa. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi dialysis, ndibwino kuti akupatseni mankhwala amkati.

Pankhani ya kufooka kwa timadzi ta erythropoietin, mankhwala othandizira obwezeretsa mahoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Imaperekedwa kamodzi pa sabata kapena kamodzi sabata iliyonse. Anthu ambiri amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin akagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi timadzi timeneti, komanso zimawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi vuto la mtima kapena sitiroko, chifukwa chake munthu amayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dotolo akamamulembera chithandizo chotere. Muzovuta kwambiri, kuchepa magazi kungafune kuikidwa magazi.