Magawo a mkate wa peyala

Chigoba cha mkate, chomwe chimasonyezedwanso kuti XE, kapena chakudya chamagulu, ndichinthu chamsonkhano. Adapangidwa ndi akatswiri azakudya zaku Germany ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'zakudya. Chifukwa chake, XE imodzi ndi 10 (CHIKWANGWANI sichimaganiziridwa) kapena magalamu 13 (zigawo za ballast zimatengedwa) zamafuta kapena 20 (25) g mkate.

Kuwerengera Malamulo

Malamulo a kuwerengera magawo a mkate ndiofunika kwa odwala matenda ashuga kuti athe kudziwa molondola kuchuluka kwa insulini yofunika. Chifukwa chake, mafuta ochulukirapo omwe mumayenera kudya, kuchuluka kwina kwambiri kwa insulini kumafunikira kuti mulipirire shuga. Odwala onse omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda a shuga 1 amadalira kwambiri XE, chifukwa ndi omwe amafunika kukhala osamala kwambiri powawerengera matenda amtundu 1 komanso wachiwiri ndikudziwa yankho la funso loti mkate ndi chiyani.

Kuyankhula zakufunika kopanga mawerengeredwe, ndikofunikira kulabadira kuti umu ndi momwe kuchuluka kwa insulin tsiku ndi tsiku kumawerengedwa. Izi ndizowona makamaka jakisoni wa insulin, yomwe imaphatikizidwa ndi lalifupi kapena mtundu wa munthu. Mwambiri, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito zakudya zamtundu uliwonse, zomwe zimawonetsa kuti zimawerengeredwa kale.

Kuti muwerenge moyenera XE ndikuwona kuchuluka kwa insulini, pali tebulo lapadera la mikate ya odwala matenda ashuga.

Kugawa kwa XE tsiku lonse

Zogulitsa zonsezo ndi mayina omwe ali ovomerezeka kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito akusimbidwa pamenepo. Ndikofunikira kulabadira kuti:

1. 1 XE imakulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga kuchokera pa 1.5 mmol / L mpaka 1,9 mmol / L,
2. Njira iyi imakuthandizani kuti mudziwe momwe kuchuluka kwa mafuta amthupi kumathandizira kudziwa momwe shuga alili. Izi, zimapangitsa kusankha insulin yolondola,
3. akatswiri amati musamadye nthawi yanu yaulere, kuyeza chakudya chilichonse mothandizidwa ndi masikelo. Zonsezi zitha kusintha m'malo mwake ngati makapu osiyanasiyana, zopikitsira magalasi, ndi magalasi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira kuti awerengere bwino chilichonse cha matenda amtundu wa 1 komanso a 2.

Chifukwa chake, chitsimikiziro chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndikofunikira kuti thanzi la aliyense wa omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndichifukwa chake sayenera kunyalanyazidwa ndipo ngati pali mafunso, funsani katswiri.

Zopangira

Mu chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate uliwonse - kaya ndi yoyera kapena yakuda - izikhala ndi XE imodzi. Poterepa, makulidwe agawo ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 1 cm. Ndikofunikira kutchera khutu kuti owononga, mosiyana ndi malingaliro a ambiri, sichinthu chodyera. Alinso ndi kuchuluka kwa magawo a mkate, chifukwa ma carbohydrate omwe adatsalira akuphatikizidwa.

Mu luso limodzi. l ufa kapena wowuma, womwe uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, pakukonzekera kuphika kulikonse, mulinso 1 XE. Kuwerengera koteroko ndikofunikira kwambiri pokonzekera mbale zina - zikondamoyo, ma pie, kuti mudziwe ndendende kuchuluka kwa zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zinthu zomwe zadulidwa. Malinga ndi akatswiri, mu atatu tbsp. l pasitala yophika pali XE iwiri. Kuti mumvetsetse bwino chilichonse chokhudza mkate wamagulu a shuga, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musangopangana ndi katswiri, komanso kuti mudziwe nokha patebulo.

Porridge ndi mbewu monga chimanga

Awiri tbsp. l tirigu wowiritsa amapanga 1 XE. M'pofunikanso kuganizira kuti phukusi lamadzimadzi limatengeka mwachangu kwambiri kuposa friable.

Motere, anthu omwe ali ndi shuga ambiri amalimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuphika monga tirigu wakuda momwe angathere.

Popeza shuga ochepa, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito semolina phala ndi mitundu yake yonse.

Powerenga XE m'miyendo (tikulankhula za nyemba, nandolo kapena mphodza), ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti Art zisanu ndi ziwiri. l dzinthu kuchokera kuzomwe zaperekedwa ndi 1 XE. Chifukwa chake, pokhapokha ngati akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito oposa 7 apulo. l mbale, ndizomveka kuwerengera kuti ndi zochuluka motani m'magawo a mikate.

Zinthu zamkaka

Kuwerengera magawo a mkate kumalimbikitsidwanso kwambiri pamene zinthu zamkaka zapangidwa kuti zidyedwe. Mwambiri, mayina omwe aperekedwa ndi gwero la chilengedwe la protein ya calcium ndi calcium. Kuphatikiza apo, pafupifupi magawo onse azinthu zopanga mavitamini amapezeka muzinthu zamkaka.

Pokonzekera chakudya chamagulu a anthu odwala matenda ashuga, makonda ayenera kuperekedwa kwa zinthu zonsezo zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ochepa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musiye kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wonse, momwe kuchuluka kwa mafuta kumathandizira. Poyamba, ndikofunikira kugwirizanitsa machitidwe onse ndi katswiri.

Zomera zozikika

Makamaka ayenera kulipira mbatata ndi Yerusalemu artichoke. Mitundu ina yotsala ya mbewu ya muzu sikufuna masamu, chifukwa chakudya sichikhala kapena ilipo, koma ochulukirapo.

Mukupanga kuwerengera kwa XE kwa mbatata, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mfundo imodzi yofunika igwiritsidwe ntchito, kuti mbatata imodzi ndi 1 XE. Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, mbatata zosenda, zomwe zimaphikidwa pamadzi, zimachulukitsa shuga. Ngakhale mbatata zonse zophika, m'malo mwake, zimawonjezera shuga pang'onopang'ono, mbatata yokazinga imachita pang'onopang'ono. Zofananazo ndi XE zimakhudzanso mbewu za muzu monga Yerusalemu artichoke, zomwe ziyeneranso kuwerengedwa molondola.

Zipatso ndi zipatso

Zipatso ndi zipatso zambiri ndizovomerezeka kuti anthu azidwala.

Komabe, powerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya cham'magazi, kuchuluka kwawo kumalimbikitsidwa kuti asinthidwe, chifukwa mwinanso zingayambitse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ndikofunikira kulabadira kuti:

• Ngati chakudyacho chaphatikizidwa m'njira yoyenera, ndiye kuti odwala matenda ashuga amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta zipatso ndi zipatso monga zipatso. Chifukwa chake, maswiti wamba wamba adzasinthidwa,
• akatswiri amalimbikira kudya sitiroberi, yamatcheri, jamu, komanso zofiira ndi zakuda
• ndikofunikira kulabadira kuti zipatso zazing'ono zimawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito masoseji a tiyi popanda slide. Mwachitsanzo, sitiroberi kapena yamatcheri amapanga msuzi umodzi, womwe ndi wofanana ndi 1 XE.

Zipatso zing'onozing'ono kwambiri, zomwe ndi raspberries, mabulosi akuda ndi zina zambiri zimayezedwa kuchuluka kwa chikho chimodzi cha zipatso, zomwe zimakhalanso 1 XE. Mphesa zimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Mothandizirana ndi izi, mphesa zazikulu zitatu kapena zinayi ndi zofanana kale ndi 1 XE. Zipatso zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pazochepa shuga.

Ndikufunanso kuti mudziwitse anthu kuti pometsa zipatso, madzi okha ndi omwe amapezeka ndi madzi. Pomwe kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa ma carbohydrate kumakhalabe kosasinthika mu mtundu 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 shuga.

Zakumwa Zachilengedwe

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amalangizidwa mwamphamvu kuti asiye kumwa mitundu iliyonse ya zakumwa za mafakitale. Tikuyankhula za mandimu, zogoba zopangidwa kale, zipatso ndi zinthu zina. Izi ndichifukwa choti mndandanda wazinthu zawo umakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala zovulaza thanzi la anthu komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya, zomwe zimakhala zovulaza kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, mayina monga timadziti, tiyi, khofi imakhala yothandiza kwambiri komanso yotetezeka (kumene, ingakhale yovomerezeka). Akatswiri akuwunikira kuti chisonyezo cha 1 XE chilipo mu gawo limodzi mwa magalasi atatu a madzi a mphesa (ndi chifukwa ichi ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito kokha pamitengo yochepa ya shuga).

Izi zimagwira pa kapu imodzi ya kvass kapena mowa.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kofananako kumakhala mu theka la kapu ya madzi a apulosi, zomwe muyenera kudziwa momwe mungawerengere. Madzi ochepa ndi koloko yamtundu wa zakudya alibe magawo a mkate ndipo, mwachilengedwe, safuna kuwerengetsa kulikonse.

Maswiti amtundu uliwonse ndi confectionery omwe amagulidwa m'sitolo ndizotsutsana kwambiri ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Ndikufuna kudziwa kuti ngakhale malo omwe sitolo imapereka kugula maswiti, omwe amawonetsa kuti "Kwa odwala matenda ashuga" - si nthawi zonse mtundu wachidziwitso womwe ungadalirika. Kuti mupewe zovuta zilizonse, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphunzire za kapangidwe kake kapena mukaonane ndi katswiri pankhaniyi yemwe anganene mayina oyenera.

Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndikofunika kuwayang'ana mukagula maswiti opangidwa ndi odwala matenda ashuga. Pazomwezi, gawo laling'ono la chakudya choterocho liyenera kudyedwa koyamba ndipo zizindikiro za shuga zamagazi ziyenera kuzindikirika popanda chifukwa. Chingakhale chanzeru kwambiri kusiyiratu maswiti omwe mwapeza kuti muthawenso ndi ophika kunyumba. Ndi chifukwa ichi kuti padzakhala chitsimikizo kuti maina apamwamba kwambiri komanso othandiza adzagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zingapangitse kuwerengetsa moyenera mafuta onse.

Mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri wa matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga ndi matenda omwe amafuna zakudya zamagulu osalephera. Kupanda kutero, kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, komwe kumapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso zovuta zina zowonjezera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse kwa anthu osiyanasiyana

Ngati pazifukwa zina zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchuluka kwa XE kuposa momwe kudaliri koyambirira, ndiye kuti muyenera kudikirira pang'ono mutatha kudya. Pambuyo pa izi, gawo lochepa la insulin lidzafunika, zomwe zidzatsogolera kuphatikizidwa kwa shuga. Vuto ndiloti mwanjira imeneyi ndikosayenera kuchita pafupipafupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndizosavomerezeka kuyendetsa ma insulin (ofupikira) opitilira 14 musanagwiritse ntchito.

Pa mulingo wokwanira wa shuga pakati pa magawo a chakudya, ndikofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito chilichonse mu 1 XE. Poterepa, sipadzakhala chifukwa chokwanira kuperekera insulin ndipo munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga atha kukhala ndi chitsimikizo chotsimikiza kuti azisamalira thanzi lawo ndikuchotsa zovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, sipadzakhala mafunso okhudza momwe mungawerenge XE komanso chifukwa chofunikira kulumikizana ndi katswiri.

Gome la XE

Dutsani Zoyeserera Zaulere! NDIPO DZIFUNSITSENI, Kodi NONSE MUKUDZIWA ZA ZIWANDA?

Nthawi Yakwana: 0

Kusanthula (manambala antchito okha)

0 mwa magawo 7 atha

KUYAMBIRA CHIYANI? Ndikukutsimikizirani! Zikhala zosangalatsa)))

Mudapambana mayeso kale. Simungayambenso.

Muyenera kulowa kapena kulembetsa kuti muyambe kuyesa.

Muyenera kumaliza mayeso otsatirawa kuti muyambitse izi:

Mayankho olondola: 0 kuyambira 7

Mudaponya 0 pa 0 0 (0)

Zikomo chifukwa cha nthawi yanu! Nazi zotsatira zanu!

Mkhalidwe wamba wamunthu, kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yake yam'magazi, mtima, impso, mafupa, maso, komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi kuthekera kwakutukuka, zimatengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a odwala matenda ashuga.

Posamalira tsiku ndi tsiku kuchuluka kwa chakudya, menyu umagwiritsa ntchito mkate wotchedwa - XE. Zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse mitundu yonse yamafuta amakanidwe ambiri kumachitidwe owerengera: kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe kungalowe m'magazi amunthu mukatha kudya. Kutengera mtundu wa XE pachinthu chilichonse, mndandanda wazakudya za matenda ashuga tsiku lililonse zimapangidwa.

Kodi gawo la mkate la XE ndi chiyani?

Kugwiritsa ntchito magawo a mkate powerengera zinthu kunapangidwa ndi a Germany a zakudya zaku Karl Noorden koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1900.

Gulu la mkate kapena chakudya ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amafunikira magawo awiri a insulini kuti amwe.Nthawi yomweyo, 1 XE imakulitsa shuga ndi 2.8 mmol / L.

Gulu limodzi lamkate limatha kukhala ndi 10 mpaka 15 g ya chakudya cham'mimba. Mtengo weniweni wa chizindikirocho, 10 kapena 15 g shuga mu 1 XE, zimatengera miyezo yovomerezeka yamankhwala mdziko muno. Mwachitsanzo

• Madokotala aku Russia amakhulupirira kuti 1XE ndi 10-12 g yamafuta (10 g - kuphatikiza michere yazakudya m'zinthuzo, 12 g - kuphatikizapo fiber),
• ku USA, 1XE ndi magalamu 15 a shuga.

Magawo a mkate ndi kuyerekezera kovuta. Mwachitsanzo, mkate umodzi umakhala ndi 10 g shuga. Komanso chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate ndi wofanana ndi chidutswa cha mkate 1 cm, odulidwa kuchokera pamtundu wamba wa "njerwa".

Muyenera kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwa 1XE kwa magawo awiri a insulin kumawonekeranso ndipo kumasiyana pakapita tsiku. Kuti mutenge gawo lomwelo la mkate m'mawa, magawo awiri a insulin amafunikira, masana - 1.5, ndipo madzulo - 1 yokha.

Kodi pamafunika magawo angati a buledi?

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa XE kumadalira moyo wa munthu.

• Ndi ntchito yayikulu kapena kubwezeretsanso thupi ndi dystrophy, mpaka 30 XE patsiku ndikofunikira.
• Ndi ntchito yolimbitsa thupi komanso yolimbitsa thupi moyenera - mpaka 25 XE patsiku.
• Ndi ntchito yokhazikika - mpaka 20 XE.
• Kwa odwala matenda a shuga - mpaka 15 XE (malingaliro ena azachipatala amalola odwala matenda ashuga mpaka 20 XE).
• Ndi kunenepa kwambiri - mpaka 10 XE patsiku.

Zakudya zambiri zam'mimba zimayenera kudyedwa m'mawa. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amalimbikitsa kudya zakudya zisanu patsiku. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse shuga omwe amalowetsa m'magazi mukatha kudya (kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri nthawi imodzi kumabweretsa kulumikizana kwa shuga m'magazi).

• Chakudya cham'mawa - 4 HE.
• Chakudya chamadzulo - 2 XE.
• Chakudya chamadzulo - 4-5 XE.
• Zovuta - 2 XE.
• Chakudya chamadzulo - 3-4 XE.
• Asanagone - 1-2 XE.

Mitundu iwiri ya zakudya idapangidwa kuti ikhale ndi matenda a odwala matenda ashuga:

1. moyenera - akuvomereza kugwiritsa ntchito 15-20 XE patsiku. Ndi mtundu woyenera wa zakudya zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri azakudya zambiri komanso madokotala omwe amayang'anira matendawa.
2. - yodziwika ndi kudya kwambiri kwa carbohydrate, mpaka 2 XE patsiku. Nthawi yomweyo malangizo omwe angapangidwe ka carb ochepa amakhala ochepa. Kuyang'ana odwala pazakudyazi kumawonetsa zotsatira zabwino ndi kuwongolera, koma pakadali pano mtundu uwu wa zakudya sutsimikiziridwa ndi zotsatira za mankhwala ovomerezeka.

Zakudya za mtundu 1 ndi matenda ashuga 2: kusiyana

• Matenda a shuga a Type 1 amaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta, amasiya kutulutsa insulin. Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, ndikofunikira kuwerengera molondola XE ndi mlingo wa insulin, womwe umayenera kupakidwa zakudya musanadye. Palibe chifukwa chowongolera kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri. Zakudya zapamwamba zokha ndizochepa (zimakomedwa msanga komanso zimayambitsa kukula kwambiri kwa shuga - msuzi wokoma, kupanikizana, shuga, keke, keke).
• Matenda a 2 a shuga samayendera limodzi ndi kufa kwa maselo a beta. Ndi nthenda yachiwiri, pali maselo a beta, ndipo amagwira ntchito mopitilira muyeso. Chifukwa chake, zakudya zamtundu wa 2 wodwala matenda ashuga zimachepetsa kudya zamafuta kuti chakudya chikhale ndi nthawi yayitali yopumira beta. Pankhaniyi, onse a XE ndi kalori amawerengedwa.

Matenda a calorie

Odwala ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga a 2 ndi onenepa kwambiri.

85% ya matenda a shuga a 2 amayambitsidwa ndi mafuta ochulukirapo. Kudzikundikira kwamafuta kumayambitsa kukula kwa shuga pamaso pa chinthu chobadwa nacho. Kenako, amalepheretsa zovuta. Kuchepetsa thupi kumayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa moyo wodwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 sayenera kuwongolera XE yokha, komanso zomwe zili ndi zopatsa mphamvu.

Zopatsa mphamvu za calorie zomwe sizikhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, ndi kulemera kwabwinobwino kumatha kunyalanyazidwa.

Zakudya za calorie tsiku ndi tsiku zimatanthauzanso moyo ndipo zimasiyana kuyambira 1500 mpaka 3000 kcal. Momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu zofunika?

1. Timazindikira chizindikiro cha metabolism (OO) choyambirira
   • Kwa amuna : OO = 66 + kulemera, kg * 13.7 + kutalika, masentimita * 5 - zaka * 6.8.
   • Kwa akazi : OO = 655 + kulemera, kg * 9.6 + kutalika, cm * 1.8 - zaka * 4.7
2. Mtengo womwe wapezeka wa OO wokwanira umachulukitsidwa ndi zochita zanu:
   • Ntchito zapamwamba kwambiri - OO * 1.9.
   • Ntchito yapamwamba - OO * 1.725.
   • Zochita wamba ndi OO * 1.55.
   • Zochita Zochepa - OO * 1,375.
   • Ntchito Zochepa - OO * 1.2.
   • Ngati ndi kotheka, muchepetse thupi, kuchuluka kwa kalori tsiku ndi tsiku kumachepetsedwa ndi 10-20% ya mtengo wokwanira.

Timapereka chitsanzo. Kwa wogwira ntchito muofesi yolemera makilogalamu 80, kutalika kwa 170 masentimita, zaka 45, wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso otsogola, mawonekedwe a kalori adzakhala 2045 kcal. Ngati atapita kukachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndiye kuti zakudya zake zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku ziziwonjezereka mpaka 2350 kcal. Ngati kuli kofunikira kuti muchepetse thupi, kuchuluka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumachepetsedwa kukhala 1600-1800 kcal.

Kutengera izi, mutha kuwerengera ma calories angati mu bun yopatsidwa, zakudya zamzitini, mkaka wowotchera kapena madzi. Ubwino wama calories ndi chakudya wamafuta akuwonetsedwa mu 100 g ya malonda. Kuti mudziwe zopatsa mphamvu za calorie za mkate kapena paketi ya makeke, muyenera kuwerengera zopezeka m'zakudya za kulemera kwa paketiyo.

Timapereka chitsanzo.
Phukusi la kirimu wowawasa lolemera 450 g limawonetsa zopatsa mphamvu za 158 kcal ndi zopatsa mphamvu za 2.8 g pa 100 g.Tiwerengera kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu phukusi lililonse la 450 g.
158 * 450/100 = 711 kcal
Momwemonso, timakambirana zomwe zimapezeka mu phukusi:
2.8 * 450/100 = 12,6 g kapena 1XE
Ndiye kuti, mankhwalawo ndi otsika-carb, koma nthawi yomweyo-high-calorie.

Matebulo a mkate

Timapereka mtengo wa XE pazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zakudya komanso zakudya zabwino.

*Mapuloteni anyama (nyama, nsomba) mulibe chakudya. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa XE mmenemo ndi zero. Kusiyanitsa ndi mbale za nyama pokonza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya. Mwachitsanzo, mkate wophika kapena semolina nthawi zambiri umawonjezeredwa ku nyama yoboola.

Gome - XE mu zomalizidwa zinthu ndi mbale

Monga mukudziwa, zakudya zokha zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ndiye kuti, ngati mumadya sangweji ndi mafuta, pambuyo pa mphindi 30 mpaka 40 shuga wamagazi amakwera, ndipo izi zimachokera ku mkate, osati kuchokera ku batala. Ngati sangweji yomweyo singafalikire ndi batala, koma ndi uchi, ndiye kuti shugayo imakwera ngakhale kale - m'mphindi 10-15, ndipo pambuyo pa mphindi 30 mpaka 40 padzakhala kuwonjezeka kwachiwiri kwa shuga - kale kuchokera ku mkate. Koma ngati mkatewo umadutsa bwino shuga, ndiye kuti uchi (kapena shuga) umatha, monga momwe amanenera, kudumpha, zomwe zimakhala zovulaza kwa wodwala matenda ashuga. Ndipo zonsezi ndichifukwa mkate ndi wothandiza kugaya chakudya pang'onopang'ono, ndi uchi ndi shuga kwa omwe akudya mwachangu.

Chifukwa chake, munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amasiyana ndi anthu ena chifukwa amayenera kutsata zamakedwe omwe amakhala ndi zakudya, ndipo muzikumbukira pamtima kuti ndi ndani wa iwo amene amayambitsa shuga.

Koma momwe mungadziwire molondola kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi chakudya? Kupatula apo, onsewa ndi osiyana kwambiri pakati pawo pazinthu zawo zothandiza komanso zovulaza, kapangidwe kake, ndi zopatsa mphamvu. Kuyeza ndi njira iliyonse yakunyumba yosungika, mwachitsanzo, supuni kapena kapu yayikulu, izi zofunika kwambiri za chakudya ndizosatheka. Munjira yomweyo, ndizovuta kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimafunikira tsiku lililonse. Kutsogolera ntchitoyi, akatswiri azakudya abwera ndi mtundu wina wachilengedwe - mkate, womwe umakuthandizani kuti mulingalire mwachangu kuchuluka kwa zoperekazo.

Magwero osiyanasiyana amatha kuyitcha mosiyanasiyana: gawo lokhala ndi mafuta, gawo lamaofesi, komanso zina. Izi sizisintha tanthauzo lake, ndizinthu zofanana. Mawu akuti "mkate mkate" (chidule XE) afala kwambiri. XE yadziwika chifukwa cha odwala matenda a shuga omwe amalandira insulin. Inde, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti azisunganso kudya kwatsiku ndi tsiku komwe kumafanana ndi insulini yovulazidwa, apo ayi kulumpha lakuthwa mu misempha ya magazi (hyper- kapena hypoglycemia) kungachitike. Chifukwa cha chitukuko cha dongosolo la XE, odwala matenda ashuga adapeza mwayi wopanga menyu, moyenera kusintha zakudya zina zomwe zili ndi zakudya zamagulu ena.

XE - uli ngati mtundu wa "supuni yoyesedwa" yosavuta yowerengera chakudya. Mkate umodzi wamkati unatenga 10-12 ga chakudya chambiri. Chifukwa chiyani mkate? Chifukwa chimakhala mu chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate wolemera 25 g.Uchi ndi chiwalo wamba, chomwe chimapezeka ngati mutadula mbale 1 cm kuchokera pamtanda wa mkate ndikugawa pakati - monga mkate nthawi zambiri umadulidwa kunyumba ndi chipinda chodyeramo.

Njira ya XE ndi yapadziko lonse lapansi, yomwe imalola anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti ayende ndikuwunika mtengo wazinthu zopezeka ku dziko lililonse padziko lapansi.

M'magawo osiyanasiyana mumakhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zakudya zamankhwala mu 1 XE - 10-15 g .. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti XE siyenera kuwonetsa nambala iliyonse yofotokozedwa, koma imathandizira kuwerengera zakudya zomwe zimaperekedwa mu chakudya, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wosankha kufunika kwa insulin. Pogwiritsa ntchito kachitidwe ka XE, mutha kusiya kulemera kwa chakudya kosalekeza. XE imakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagalimoto okha mothandizidwa ndi kuyang'ana pang'ono, mothandizidwa ndi mavoliyumu omwe ali oyenera kuzindikira (chidutswa, galasi, chidutswa, supuni, ndi zina), musanadye chakudya cham'mawa, chakudya chamadzulo kapena chakudya chamadzulo. Mukazindikira kuchuluka kwa XE yomwe mudya pachakudya chilichonse, poyesa shuga m'magazi musanadye, mutha kulowa muyezo woyenerera wa insulini yochepa kenako ndikuyang'ana shuga wamagazi mukatha kudya. Izi zikuchotsa mavuto ambiri othandiza komanso amisala ndikupulumutsa nthawi yanu mtsogolo.

XE imodzi, yopanda malipiro a insulin, momwemo imachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi 1.5-1.9 mmol / L ndipo imafunikira pafupifupi IU ya insulini kuti ikakamize, yomwe imapezeka mu buku lanu lodziyang'anira nokha.

Mwawamba, kudziwa bwino XE ndikofunikira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa I, pomwe odwala matenda ashuga amtundu II, kuchuluka kwa caloric tsiku lililonse komanso kugawa zakudya zamagulu onse azakudya tsiku lonse ndizofunikira kwambiri. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, posinthanitsa mwachangu zinthu zina, kutsimikiza kuchuluka kwa XE sikungakhale kopitilira muyeso.

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale zigawo zimatchedwa "mkate", mutha kufotokoza mkati mwake osati kuchuluka kwa mkate, komanso zinthu zina zilizonse zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya. Kuphatikizanso ndikuti simukufunika kulemera! Mutha kuyeza XE ndi supuni ndi supuni, magalasi, makapu, ndi zina zambiri.

Utsi ndi Wokhuthara

1 XE ili ndi supuni 1 ya ufa kapena wowuma.

Ngati mungaganize zopanga zikondamoyo kapena ma pie kunyumba, werengani zowerengera: mwachitsanzo, supuni 5 za ufa, mazira awiri, madzi, wokoma.Mwa zinthu zonsezi, ufa wokha ndi XE. Werengani kuti ndi zikondamoyo zingati zomwe zaphikidwa. Pafupifupi, asanu amapezeka, ndiye pancake imodzi imakhala ndi 1 XE .. Ngati muwonjezera shuga mumphika, osalowa m'malo, ndiye muwerengere.

Supuni zitatu za supuni yophika yomwe ili ndi 2 XE. Pasitala yakunyumba imakhala ndi fiber yambiri kuposa yomwe imatengedwera kunja, ndipo, monga mukudziwa, mafuta ocheperako amatha kupindulitsa thupi.

1 XE ilipo supuni ziwiri za chimanga chilichonse chophika. Kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa shuga, mtundu wa phala ndi wofunikira kuposa kuchuluka kwake. Zachidziwikire, toni ya buckwheat imakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo kuposa toni ya mpunga, koma palibe amene amadya phala m'matani. Mu mbale imodzi, kusiyana koteroko ndikosasangalatsa kotero kuti sitinganyalanyaze. Buckwheat sichabwinonso kapena choyipa kuposa phala lina lililonse. M'mayiko omwe buckwheat sichikula, mpunga umalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala matenda a shuga.

Nandolo, nyemba ndi mphodza malinga ndi dongosolo la XE zitha kunyalanyazidwa, chifukwa 1 XE ili mu 7 tbsp. spoons a zinthu. Ngati mungathe kudya zoposa 7 tbsp. spoons za nandolo, onjezerani 1 XE.

Zinthu zamkaka. Momwe zimapangidwira, mkaka ndi mafuta osakanizira, mapuloteni ndi chakudya m'madzi. Mafuta amapezeka mu mafuta, kirimu wowawasa ndi zonona zambiri. Zogulitsazi zilibe XE, popeza kulibe mafuta. Ma squirrel ndi tchizi tchizi, ilinso XE. Koma ma whey otsala ndi mkaka wathunthu umakhala ndi chakudya chamafuta. Galasi imodzi ya mkaka = 1 XE. Mkaka uyenera kuganiziridwanso mukamawonjezera pa mtanda kapena phala. Simuyenera kuwerengera batala, kirimu wowawasa ndi zonona (koma ngati mudagula kirimu mu sitolo, apititseni pafupi ndi mkaka).

Supuni 1 ya shuga granured = 1 XE. Ganizirani ngati mukuwonjezera magawo atatu a shuga omwe amayenga ku zikondamoyo, etc. = 1 XE (gwiritsani ntchito vuto la hypoglycemia).

Gawo limodzi la ayisikilimu lili ndi 1.5-2 XE (65-100 g). Tiyeni titenge ngati mchere (ndiye kuti, muyenera kudya kaye nkhomaliro kapena saladi wa kabichi, kenako - kwa mchere). Kenako kukomedwa kwa chakudya kumakhala pang'onopang'ono.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ayisikilimu wowawasa ndi wabwinoko kuposa ayisikilimu wazipatso, chifukwa amakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo omwe amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa mafuta, ndipo shuga yamagazi imakwera pang'onopang'ono. Ndipo popsicles siili kanthu koma madzi otsekemera oundana, omwe amasungunuka pamtunda waukulu m'mimba ndipo amatengeka mwachangu, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ayisikilimu simalimbikitsidwa pamaso pa kunenepa kwambiri kwa thupi, chifukwa ndiwopamwamba kwambiri.

Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu w II matenda a shuga, kwa iwo onenepa kwambiri, komanso kwa omwe pazifukwa zina safuna kutaya nthawi akuwerengera mitundu yonse ndikudziyang'anira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kupatula zinthu zomwe zili ndi chakudya chambiri chomwe chimadya pang'ono ndikuwasiya kuti ayimitse hypoglycemic limati.

Nyama ndi nsomba

Zogulitsazi zilibe chakudya, motero sizifunikira kulingaliridwa malinga ndi XE. Kulemba zamagulu ndikofunikira kokha ndi njira zapadera zophikira. Mwachitsanzo, pakuphika nyama, mincemeat imawonjezedwa ndi buledi woviikidwa mkaka. Asanakhazikike, ma cutlets amawagudubuza buledi, ndi nsomba mu ufa kapena mtanda (amamenya). Muyeneranso kuganizira magawo a mkate wowonjezera.

Zipatso ndi zipatso

1 XE ili ndi:

• mu theka la mphesa, nthochi, chinangwa
• apulo limodzi, lalanje, pichesi, peyala imodzi, Persimoni,
• ma tanger atatu
• chidutswa chimodzi cha vwende, chinanazi, chivwende,
• atatu kapena anayi maapulo kapena plums.

Zipatso zing'onozing'ono zimayesedwa tiyi wopanda tiyi popanda masileti: sitiroberi, yamatcheri, yamatcheri - msuzi umodzi = 1 XE. Zipatso zing'onozing'ono: rasipiberi, sitiroberi, mabulosi am'madzi, mabulosi abulu, lingonberries, currants, mabulosi akuda, etc. - chikho chimodzi cha zipatso = 1 XE. Mphesa zimakhala ndi chakudya chochuluka kwambiri, kutengera mphesa zazikulu izi - izi ndi 1 XE. Zipatsozi ndibwino kudya ndi shuga wochepa (hypoglycemia).

Ngati mukuuma zipatso, kumbukirani kuti madzi okha ndi omwe amatha kutuluka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa chakudya sikusintha. Chifukwa chake, mu zipatso zouma, XE iyeneranso kulingaliridwa.

Chizindikiro 1 XE chili mu:

• 1/3 kapu ya madzi a mphesa (chifukwa chake, iyenera kumamwa kokha ndi shuga ochepa)
• 1 chikho kvass kapena mowa
• 1/2 chikho cha apulo mandimu.

Madzi ochepa ndi koloko ya zakudya alibe XE. Koma madzi wamba otsekemera ndi mandimu ayenera kuganiziridwa. Zakumwa zoledzeretsa sizimaphatikizidwanso m'gulu la mikate. Amadzipatulira ku gawo lina la encyclopedia ya shuga.

Zinthu zina

Mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa XE pazinthu zilizonse zogulidwa m'sitolo. Mungachite bwanji? Onani phukusi, likuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya mu 100 g yazinthu. Mwachitsanzo, 100 g yogurt imakhala ndi 11.38 g yamafuta, omwe amafanana ndi 1 XE (tikudziwa kuti 12 g ya chakudya cham'madzi = 1 XE). Phukusi limodzi la yogati (125 g) timapeza 1.2-1.3 XE, motsatana.

Matebulo oterowo amakhala pafupifupi pazinthu zonse za chakudya, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nthawi zonse mumatha kudziwa zomwe zili mu XE pazinthu zilizonse zosadziwika.

Gome lapadera la magawo a mkate linapangidwa (onani pansipa), momwe zinthu zina zimawonjezeredwa potengera zopatsa mphamvu zamagulu a chakudya mwa XE.

Dongosolo la XE, monga mtundu uliwonse wamakina a XE, lili ndi zovuta zake: kusankha zakudya malinga ndi XE kokha sikophweka nthawi zonse, chifukwa zinthu zonse zofunikira za chakudya ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya: chakudya, mapuloteni, mafuta, mavitamini, ndi ma microelements. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kugawa chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku monga kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zake: magawo 50-60%, mafuta a 25-30% ndi mapuloteni 15-20%.

Simuyenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, mafuta ndi zopatsa mphamvu.Ingoyesani kudya mafuta pang'ono ndi nyama yamafuta momwe mungathere ndikudalira masamba ndi zipatso ndikutsimikiza kuti muganize kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagetsi.

Kuyambira 10 mpaka 30 XE patsiku amayenera kulowa m'thupi la munthu, kutengera mtundu wa zolimbitsa thupi, zaka komanso kulemera kwa thupi (onani tebulo pansipa).

Zakudya zonse zama thupi zomwe zimalowa m'thupi ziyenera kugawidwa moyenera masana malinga ndi zakudya malinga ndi mlingo wa insulin komanso zolimbitsa thupi. Poterepa, zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi chakudya zamafuta ziyenera kukhala theka loyamba la tsiku. Mwachitsanzo, tengani bambo wachinyamata yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a shuga. Malinga ndi tebulo, amafunikira 17 XE patsiku, yomwe iyenera kugawidwa motere: 6 chakudya cham'mawa: chakudya cham'mawa, nkhomaliro komanso chakudya chamadzulo, pafupifupi 25-30% yazakudya zonse zopatsa mphamvu (ndiye kuti, X XE) adzafunika, ndipo pazakudya zotsalira - 10 -15% (i.e., 1-2 XE). Kugawidwa kwa zakudya kumadalira mtundu wina wa insulin, koma Mulimonsemo, kuchuluka kwa chakudya sayenera kupitirira 7 XE pa chakudya chimodzi.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chakudya chopatsa mphamvu chiyenera kuyimiriridwa makamaka ndi chakudya cham'makungwa, ndiye kuti, zigawo za 14-15 za mkate ziyenera kuchokera ku mkate, phala ndi ndiwo zamasamba, osapitirira 2 XE kuchokera ku zipatso. Mashuga osavuta sayenera kuchuluka kwa 1/3 a kuchuluka kwa mafuta, omwe shuga omwe amayengedwa sayenera kupitilira 50 magalamu.

Ma mkate a Mkate ku McDonald's

Kwa iwo omwe amadya kapena omwe amangokhala nawo pang'ono pa McDonald's, timaperekanso tebulo la XE lomwe lili muzosankha zamasukuluyi:

Ndi matenda a shuga 1, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe mumatha kudya. Wodwalayo amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya nthawi zonse, kuti awone ngati mankhwala ena ali oyenera kupezeka ndi zopweteka kwambiri pakhungu. Kusamalidwa makamaka kuyenera kuchitika mukamawerengera miyambo ya "ultrashort" komanso "yochepa" insulin kuti musanadye.

Magulu a buledi a shuga ndi njira yothokoza komwe kumakhala kosavuta kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe amabwera ndi chakudya. Matebulo apadera ali ndi dzina la malonda ndi kuchuluka kapena kuchuluka kwake kogwirizana ndi 1 XE.

Zambiri

Gulu limodzi la mkate limafanana ndi 10 mpaka 12 g wama chakudya omwe thupi limapukusira. Ku USA, 1 XE ndi 15 g yamafuta. Chigawo "mkate" sichiri mwangozi: muyezo - wophatikiza ndi 25 g wa mkate - ndi chidutswa cha pafupifupi masentimita 1, ogawika magawo awiri.

Matebulo a magawo a mkate amagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi. Ndiosavuta kwa odwala matenda ashuga ochokera kumaiko osiyanasiyana kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya pachakudya chimodzi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yapadziko lonse lapansi ya XE kumachotsa njira yovuta yolemetsa zinthu musanadye: chinthu chilichonse chimakhala ndi XE cholemera china. Mwachitsanzo, 1 XE ndi kapu yamkaka, 90 g ya walnuts, 10 g shuga, 1 Persimmon.

Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu (malinga ndi magawo a mkate) yemwe wodwala matenda ashuga adzalandire pakudya kotsatira, kuchuluka kwa insulin "kubwezeretsa" kuchuluka kwa postprandial. Pamene wodwala amaganizira kwambiri za XE pa chinthu china,kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Kuti muchepetse zizindikiro, kupewa mavuto a hyperglycemic, muyenera kudziwa GI kapena. Chizindikirocho chikufunika kuti mumvetsetse momwe shuga ya magazi imatha kukhalira mukamadya mtundu wosankhidwa wa chakudya. Mayina okhala ndi ma "carbohydrate" othamanga omwe ali ndi mafuta ochepa kwambiri amakhala ndi GI yayikulu, ndipo zopatsa mphamvu "zochepa" zimakhala ndi mndandanda wotsika komanso wapakati wa glycemic.

M'mayiko osiyanasiyana, 1 XE imakhala ndi kusiyana mu mtundu wa mawu oti: "carbohydrate" kapena "starchy", koma izi sizikhudza kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamtengo wokwanira.

Kodi tebulo la XE ndi chiyani?

Ndi mtundu wa 1 wodwala matenda a insulin, wodwalayo amakumana ndi zovuta zambiri pakupanga mndandanda woyenera. Kwa ambiri, kudya kumakhala kuzunzika: muyenera kudziwa zomwe zakudya zimakhudza msinkhu, kuchuluka kwa chinthu chomwe mungadye. Muyenera kusamala makamaka ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri.

Tanthauzo la magawo a mkate pa mtundu uliwonse wa chakudya amakulolani kudya bwino, kuti muchepetse kukhathamira kwa shuga yamagazi. Ndikokwanira kuyang'ana patebulopo kuti muwerenge mwachangu kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu zomwe thupi limapeza mgonero kapena chakudya cham'mawa. Dongosolo lapadera la XE limakupatsani mwayi woti musankhe zakudya zabwino popanda kupitiliza kudya tsiku lililonse.

Zindikirani! Mukafuna kudziwa magawo a mkate, mtundu wa chithandizo cha kutentha ndi njira yophikira iyenera kukumbukiridwa. Nsomba zokhala ndi nyemba zilibe chakudya, kusinthira ku XE sikofunikira, koma chidutswa cha pollock, chokhazikitsidwa ndi ufa ndikuthira pang'ono mumafuta a masamba, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa powerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Zomwe zimachitika ndi cutlets: kuphatikiza kwa nyama ya nkhumba, ufa, ufa wochepa umafunikira kuwerengera kwa chakudya chamthupi malinga ndi tebulo la XE, ngakhale ndi njira yophikira ya utsi.

Kodi muyenera kupeza magawo angati patsiku?

Muyezo wamba XE mulibe. Mukamasankha chakudya chochuluka komanso chakudya chokwanira, ndikofunikira kulingalira:

• zaka (mwa anthu okalamba, metabolism imayamba kuchepa)
• moyo (kugwira ntchito kapena kuchita zolimbitsa thupi),
• kuchuluka kwa shuga (zovuta),
• kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa mapaundi owonjezera (onenepa kwambiri, mawonekedwe a XE amachepetsa).

Mulingo wochepera:

• ndikugwira ntchito mpaka 15 XE,
• ndi zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri - mpaka 30 XE.

Zizindikiro Zonenepa:

• ndi kuchepa kwa kayendedwe, kugwira ntchito - kuyambira 10 mpaka 13 XE,
• ntchito yayikulu - mpaka 25 XE,
• zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi - mpaka 17 XE.

Madokotala ambiri amalimbikitsa kuti pakhale chakudya chopatsa thanzi koma chochepa kwambiri. Caveat chachikulu - kuchuluka kwa mikate yokhala ndi njirayi kumachepetsedwa kukhala 2,5-3 XE. Ndi dongosololi, nthawi imodzi, wodwalayo amalandira kuchokera ku 0,7 mpaka 1 mkate mkate. Ndi chakudya chamagulu pang'ono, wodwalayo amadya masamba ambiri, nyama yopanda mphamvu, nsomba zamafuta ochepa, zipatso, masamba amiyala. Kuphatikiza kwa mapuloteni omwe ali ndi mavitamini ndi mafuta a masamba amapatsa thupi mphamvu ndi michere. Anthu ambiri odwala matenda ashuga omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira yochepetsera ya carb amachepetsa kuchepa kwa shuga pambuyo pa sabata poyesedwa m'magazi a glucose mita komanso mu labotale yachipatala. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi glucometer kunyumba kuti nthawi zonse muziyang'anira kuwerenga kwa shuga.

Pitani ku adilesi ndikuwona pagome la zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi ayodini chifukwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.

Mbale, pasitala, mbatata

Zakumwa, Zakumwa

Kuwerengera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito XE

Wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuwerengera magawo a buledi kuti awerenge kuchuluka kwa insulin. Mafuta ochulukirapo omwe mumayenera kudya, ndiwokwera mlingo wa mahomoni. Kuti mumvetse 1 XE yodyedwa, 1.4 U ya insulin yochepa ndiyofunikira.

Koma ambiri mkate magawo amawerengedwa malinga ndi matebulo opakidwa kale, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala osakwanira, chifukwa munthu amayeneranso kudya mapuloteni, mafuta, mchere, mavitamini, akatswiri amalangizi amakonzekera zopatsa mphamvu tsiku lililonse ndi mphamvu yayikulu yazakudya zomwe zimadyedwa: 50 - 60% - chakudya, 25-30% kwa mafuta, 15-20% a mapuloteni.

Pafupifupi 10-30 XE iyenera kuperekedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga patsiku, kuchuluka kwake molingana ndi msinkhu, kulemera, mtundu wa zolimbitsa thupi.

Zakudya zambiri zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu zimayenera kuperekedwa m'mawa; kugawanika kwa menyu kumadalira mapulani a insulin. Mulimonsemo, oposa 7 XE sayenera kubwera mgonero umodzi.

Zakudya zomanga thupi zosafunikira ziyenera makamaka kukhala zodyetsa (chimanga, mkate, masamba) - 15 XE, zipatso, zipatso siziyenera kupitirira 2 mayunitsi. Kwa chakudya chamafuta ochepa, osapitilira 1/3 yonse. Ndi shuga wabwinobwino wamagazi pakati pa chakudya chachikulu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu chomwe chili ndi 1 unit.

Glycemic Product Index

Ndi matenda a shuga, sikuti ndikungopezeka kwa chakudya m'zinthu zina zomwe zimafunikira, komanso momwe amamwetsedwera mwachangu ndikulowa m'magazi. Pofupipitsa wamafuta m'mimba mumaloledwa, ochepera ndiye kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

GI (glycemic index) ndiye chokwanira chomwe chimathandizira kuti pakhale chakudya chamagulu osiyanasiyana am'magazi. Zogulitsa zomwe zimakhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic (shuga, maswiti, zakumwa za shuga, zoteteza) siziyenera kulembedwa kuchokera patsamba lanu. Chololedwa kugwiritsa ntchito maswiti awiri a X X okha kuti muimitse hypoglycemia.

Ma mkate Bread - Izi ndi ziwalo za chakudya chamagulu a odwala matenda a shuga. Kodi magawo a mkate ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tikambirane zina zoyera zokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga m'nkhaniyi. Thanzi labwino kwa onse! Ndasankha lero kuti ndiyankhule za zodabwitsa za mkate, zomwe ambiri adazimva, koma si aliyense amadziwa zomwe zili. Sindibisala, ngakhale kwa ine inali nkhalango yowirira. Koma zonse zidalowa m'malo mwake. Apanso ndimakhulupirira kuti zonse zimadza ndi zokumana nazo.

Chifukwa chake, magawo a mkate amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri. M'mawu osavuta, gawo la mkate ndi muyezo woyezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta. Mwachidule, chizindikiro ichi chimatchedwanso XE.

Poyamba, chinthu chilichonse chimakhala ndi mafuta, mapuloteni, zakudya ndi zinthu zina zomwe, mwachitsanzo zimaphatikizapo CHIKWANGWANI. Kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, gawo limodzi ndilofunika - chakudya, chomwe chimachulukitsa shuga m'magazi. Mapuloteni ndi mafuta zimathandizanso kuti shuga azikhala, chifukwa ndi magawo a kaphatikizidwe wa chakudya chamagulu kale. Koma njirayi ndi yayitali ndipo mwa odwala ena zilibe kanthu, makamaka kwa ana. Ngakhale si aliyense amene amaganiza motero, ndipo mwanjira ina ndikuuzani za izi

Chifukwa chiyani mkate magawo mkate

Chipangizochi chimatchedwa mkate chifukwa chimayezedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mkate. 1 XE ili ndi 10-12 g yamafuta.Ndi 10-12 g yamakanizo okhala ndi theka la chidutswa cha mkate odulidwa m'lifupi mwake 1 cm kuchokera mkate wamba. Mukayamba kugwiritsa ntchito magawo a mkate, ndiye ndikukulangizani kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta: 10 kapena 12 magalamu. Nditenga magalamu 10 mu 1 XE, zikuwoneka kwa ine, ndizosavuta kuwerengera. Chifukwa chake, chilichonse chomwe chili ndi chakudya chimatha kuyesedwa m'magawo a mkate. Mwachitsanzo, 15 g ya chimanga chilichonse ndi 1 XE, kapena 100 g ya apulo imakhalanso 1 XE.

Momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa XE pazogulitsa zinazake? Zosavuta kwambiri. Chilichonse chogulitsa chimakhala ndi zambiri pazomwe zimapangidwira. Zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwamafuta, mafuta ndi mapuloteni omwe amapezeka mu 100 g yazinthu izi. Mwachitsanzo, tengani paketi yokhala ndi masikono am mkate, akuti 100 g ili ndi 52,9 chakudya. Timapanga gawo:

100 g ya mankhwala - 51.9 g wamafuta

X mzati mankhwala - 10 g wamafuta (i.e. 1 XE)

Ndikusintha kuti (100 * 10) / 51.9 = 19.2, ndiye kuti, magalamu 10,2 a mkate ali 19.2 g. chakudya cham'madzi kapena 1 XE. Ndakhala ndikugwiritsa ntchito kale motere: Ndimagawa 1000 ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta mu 100 g, ndipo zimapezeka momwe mungafunikire kuti mutengere mankhwala omwe ali ndi 1 XE.

Pakhala magome osiyanasiyana omwe adakonzedwa kale, omwe akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'mapulogalamu, magalasi, zidutswa, ndi zina. Koma ziwerengerozi sizolondola, zikuwonetsa. Chifukwa chake, ndimawerenga kuchuluka kwa mayunitsi pachinthu chilichonse. Ndiwerengetsa momwe mungafunire kuti mutenge chinthucho, ndikuyeza pamlingo wophika. Ndikuyenera kupatsa mwana maapulo a X XE mwachitsanzo, ndimayetsa pamiyeso ya g 50. Mutha kupeza miyala yambiri, koma ndinayikonda ndipo ndikukuuzani kuti muitsitsa.

Mbale Zoyesa Mkate Pang'onopang'ono (XE)

1 BREAD UNIT = 10-12 g yamafuta

* Raw. Mu mawonekedwe owiritsa 1 XE = 2-4 tbsp. supuni ya mankhwala (50 g) kutengera mtundu wa chinthu.

* 1 tbsp. supuni ya mbewu zosaphika. Mu mawonekedwe owiritsa 1 XE = 2 tbsp. supuni ya mankhwala (50 g).

ZINZERU NDI ZABWINO (ZINANSI NDI SKIN)

1 XE = kuchuluka kwa malonda m'magalamu

1 yayikulu

Chidutswa chimodzi (mtanda)

Chidutswa chimodzi

1/2 zidutswa, zapakatikati

Supuni 7

Zidutswa 12, zazing'ono

Chidutswa chimodzi

1/2 yayikulu

Chidutswa chimodzi chaching'ono

Supuni 8

1 yayikulu

10 zidutswa, sing'anga

Chidutswa chimodzi chaching'ono

2-3 zidutswa, sing'anga

Chidutswa chimodzi

3-4 zidutswa, zazing'ono

1/2 zidutswa, zapakatikati

Blueberries, wakuda currants

* 6-8 Art. supuni ya zipatso, monga raspberries, currants, etc., amafanana ndi kapu imodzi (1 chikho 1) cha zipatsozi. Pafupifupi 100 ml ya juwisi (wopanda shuga wowonjezera, 100% msuzi wachilengedwe) uli ndi 10 g yamafuta.

Zikuwoneka kuti ndizabwino komanso zovuta. Izi zili choncho poyamba, ndipo patatha masiku owerengeka ophunzirira mosalekeza, mumayamba kuloweza, ndipo simufunikiranso kuwerengera, koma ingoyani kuchuluka kwa chakudya pamakala. Kupatula apo, kwenikweni timangodya zomwezo. Mutha kupanganso tebulo la zinthu zosakhalitsa nokha.

Kodi magawo a mkate ndi ati?

Chifukwa chake, zimapezeka kuti aliyense ali ndi mtundu wake wa insulini, koma kuchuluka kwake kungawerengeredwe. Zomwe mgwirizanowu ali komanso momwe mungawerengere, ndikukuuzani m'nkhani ina, yomwe idzaperekedwa pakusankhidwa kwa insulin. Komanso, zigawo za mkate zimatilola kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwa momwe timatha kudya chakudya chamagulu kamodzi patsiku.

Ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga, izi sizitanthauza kuti tifunika kudzimana chakudya chathunthu, chifukwa timazifuna kuti thupi lilandire mphamvu kuti ikhalepo. Ngati ife, m'malo mwake, mafuta ochulukirapo, pamenepo kudziwa za XE sikungativulaze konse. M'badwo uliwonse umakhala ndi chizolowezi chake pakudya chakudya chamafuta.

Pansipa ndikupereka tebulo lomwe likuwonetsa zaka zomwe muyenera kudya zakudya zamagulu amtundu wa mkate.

Chifukwa chake, kwa akulu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 omwe salandila insulini, kuwerengetsa ziwalo za mkate kumafunikiranso kudziwa ngati mukumwa mafuta oopsa. Ndipo ngati izi zili choncho, ndiye kuti kumwa kuyenera kuchepetsedwa ku mibadwo yolingana ndi kulemera kwa thupi.

Mwachitsanzo, ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, zonse zili zomveka.Zoyenera kuchita ndi mitundu yachiwiri ya odwala matenda ashuga? Tiyerekeze kuti mwawerengera kuchuluka kwa momwe mumadyera pachakudya chilichonse masana, ndipo manambala ndi apamwamba kuposa abwinobwino, ndipo shuga siabwino kwambiri. Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito izi pochita? Apa mutha "kusewera mozungulira" ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu, kuyamba kuwachepetsa kapena kusintha m'malo mwazopanga ndi index yotsika ya glycemic. Mwa njira, ndidalemba kale za index ya glycemic komanso ndidatha kutsitsa tebulo la m'nkhaniyo. Mutha, inde, kumawawona ngati zofuni, kudula mkate ndi diso, ndi zina zambiri, koma zotsatira zake zimakhala zolondola, zadulidwa lero, ndipo mawa zikhala zosiyana.

Chilichonse chawoneka pomwepo. Munali ndi 25 XE patsiku, chotsani 5 XE ndikuwona zomwe zimachitika, koma osati nthawi yomweyo, koma m'masiku ochepa. Pankhaniyi, musasinthe boma la zochita zolimbitsa thupi komanso kumwa mankhwala.

Zikuwoneka kuti ndi zonse zomwe ndimafuna kunena za mkate. Ndayesera kukufotokozerani za iwo ndi zala zanga, koma ngati simukumvetsa kena kena, funsani ndemanga. Ndikufuna ndidziwe malingaliro anu pankhaniyi. Kodi kudziwa kumeneku kunali kofunika kwa inu? Kodi mudzazigwiritsa ntchito mtsogolo?

Monga mukudziwa, zakudya zokha zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ndiye kuti, ngati mumadya sangweji ndi mafuta, pambuyo pa mphindi 30 mpaka 40 shuga wamagazi amakwera, ndipo izi zimachokera ku mkate, osati kuchokera ku batala. Ngati sangweji yomweyo singafalikire ndi batala, koma ndi uchi, ndiye kuti shugayo imakwera ngakhale kale - m'mphindi 10-15, ndipo pambuyo pa mphindi 30 mpaka 40 padzakhala kuwonjezeka kwachiwiri kwa shuga - kale kuchokera ku mkate. Koma ngati mkatewo umadutsa bwino shuga, ndiye kuti uchi (kapena shuga) umatha, monga momwe amanenera, kudumpha, zomwe zimakhala zovulaza kwa wodwala matenda ashuga. Ndipo zonsezi ndichifukwa mkate ndi wothandiza kugaya chakudya pang'onopang'ono, ndi uchi ndi shuga kwa omwe akudya mwachangu.

Chifukwa chake, munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amasiyana ndi anthu ena chifukwa amayenera kutsata zamakedwe omwe amakhala ndi zakudya, ndipo muzikumbukira pamtima kuti ndi ndani wa iwo amene amayambitsa shuga.

Koma momwe mungadziwire molondola kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi chakudya? Kupatula apo, onsewa ndi osiyana kwambiri pakati pawo pazinthu zawo zothandiza komanso zovulaza, kapangidwe kake, ndi zopatsa mphamvu. Kuyeza ndi njira iliyonse yakunyumba yosungika, mwachitsanzo, supuni kapena kapu yayikulu, izi zofunika kwambiri za chakudya ndizosatheka. Munjira yomweyo, ndizovuta kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimafunikira tsiku lililonse. Kutsogolera ntchitoyi, akatswiri azakudya abwera ndi mtundu wina wachilengedwe - mkate, womwe umakuthandizani kuti mulingalire mwachangu kuchuluka kwa zoperekazo.

Magwero osiyanasiyana amatha kuyitcha mosiyanasiyana: gawo lokhala ndi mafuta, gawo lamaofesi, komanso zina. Izi sizisintha tanthauzo lake, ndizinthu zofanana. Mawu akuti "mkate mkate" (chidule XE) afala kwambiri. XE yadziwika chifukwa cha odwala matenda a shuga omwe amalandira insulin. Inde, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti azisunganso kudya kwatsiku ndi tsiku komwe kumafanana ndi insulini yovulazidwa, apo ayi kulumpha lakuthwa mu misempha ya magazi (hyper- kapena hypoglycemia) kungachitike. Chifukwa cha chitukuko cha dongosolo la XE, odwala matenda ashuga adapeza mwayi wopanga menyu, moyenera kusintha zakudya zina zomwe zili ndi zakudya zamagulu ena.

XE - uli ngati mtundu wa "supuni yoyesedwa" yosavuta yowerengera chakudya. Mkate umodzi wamkati unatenga 10-12 ga chakudya chambiri. Chifukwa chiyani mkate? Chifukwa chimakhala mu chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate wolemera 25 g.Uchi ndi chiwalo wamba, chomwe chimapezeka ngati mutadula mbale 1 cm kuchokera pamtanda wa mkate ndikugawa pakati - monga mkate nthawi zambiri umadulidwa kunyumba ndi chipinda chodyeramo.

Njira ya XE ndi yapadziko lonse lapansi, yomwe imalola anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti ayende ndikuwunika mtengo wazinthu zopezeka ku dziko lililonse padziko lapansi.

M'magawo osiyanasiyana mulinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya zomanga thupi mu 1 XE - 10-15 g.Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti XE siyenera kuwonetsa nambala iliyonse yofotokozedwa, koma imathandizira kuwerengera zamafuta omwe amadyedwa mu chakudya, zomwe chifukwa chake zimakupatsani mwayi wosankha mtundu wa insulin. Pogwiritsa ntchito kachitidwe ka XE, mutha kusiya kulemera kwa chakudya kosalekeza. XE imakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagalimoto okha mothandizidwa ndi kuyang'ana pang'ono, mothandizidwa ndi mavoliyumu omwe ali oyenera kuzindikira (chidutswa, galasi, chidutswa, supuni, ndi zina), musanadye chakudya cham'mawa, chakudya chamadzulo kapena chakudya chamadzulo. Mukazindikira kuchuluka kwa XE yomwe mudya pachakudya chilichonse, poyesa shuga m'magazi musanadye, mutha kulowa muyezo woyenerera wa insulini yochepa kenako ndikuyang'ana shuga wamagazi mukatha kudya. Izi zikuchotsa mavuto ambiri othandiza komanso amisala ndikupulumutsa nthawi yanu mtsogolo.

XE imodzi, yopanda malipiro a insulin, momwemo imachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi 1.5-1.9 mmol / L ndipo imafunikira pafupifupi IU ya insulini kuti ikakamize, yomwe imapezeka mu buku lanu lodziyang'anira nokha.

Mwawamba, kudziwa bwino XE ndikofunikira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa I, pomwe odwala matenda ashuga amtundu II, kuchuluka kwa caloric tsiku lililonse komanso kugawa zakudya zamagulu onse azakudya tsiku lonse ndizofunikira kwambiri. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, posinthanitsa mwachangu zinthu zina, kutsimikiza kuchuluka kwa XE sikungakhale kopitilira muyeso.

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale zigawo zimatchedwa "mkate", mutha kufotokoza mkati mwake osati kuchuluka kwa mkate, komanso zinthu zina zilizonse zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya. Kuphatikizanso ndikuti simukufunika kulemera! Mutha kuyeza XE ndi supuni ndi supuni, magalasi, makapu, ndi zina zambiri.

Kodi ma Bread Units ndi chiyani ndipo "amadya" ndi chiyani?

Mukamalemba menyu watsiku ndi tsiku, zakudya zokha zomwe zimawonjezera shuga m'magazi ndizomwe muyenera kuziganizira. Mwa munthu wathanzi, kapamba amapanga kuchuluka kwa insulini poyankha chakudya. Zotsatira zake, shuga wamagazi sawonjezeka. Mu shuga mellitus, kuti tisunge shuga wokwanira wamagazi, timakakamizidwa kubaya insulini (kapena mankhwala ochepetsa shuga) kuchokera kunja, ndikusintha modziyimira pawokha kutengera zomwe anthu adadya ndi ambiri. Ndiye chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuphunzira kuwerengera zakudya zomwe zimachulukitsa shuga.

Kodi angachite bwanji?

Kuyeza chakudya nthawi iliyonse sikofunikira! Asayansi adaphunzira zamalondazo ndikupanga tebulo la zakudya kapena Bread Units - XE mwa iwo anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Kwa 1 XE, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi 10 g yamafuta amoto amatengedwa. Mwanjira ina, malinga ndi dongosolo la XE, zinthu zomwe zimachokera pagulu zomwe zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi zimawerengedwa

Zakudya (buledi, buluwisi, oats, mapira, barele, mpunga, pasitala, Zakudyazi),
zipatso ndi misuzi yazipatso,
mkaka, kefir ndi mafuta ena mkaka (kupatula tchizi chamafuta ochepa),
komanso masamba osiyanasiyana - mbatata, chimanga (nyemba ndi nandolo - zochuluka).
koma, chokoleti, ma cookie, maswiti - okhala ndi zochepa muzakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, mandimu ndi shuga wowona - ziyenera kukhala zochepa pazakudya ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati hypoglycemia (kutsitsa shuga).

Mlingo wa zofunikira pokonzanso umakhudzanso misempha yamagazi. Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, mbatata zosenda zidzakulitsa magazi mwachangu kuposa mbatata yophika kapena yokazinga. Madzi a apulo amapereka msanga wamagazi kwambiri poyerekeza ndi apulo yemwe wadyedwa, komanso mpunga wopukutidwa kuposa wosapukutidwa. Mafuta ndi zakudya zozizira zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa glucose, ndipo mchere umathamanga.

Kuti mulembetse zakudyazo, pali magome ena apadera a Bread Units, omwe amapereka zambiri za kuchuluka kwa zophatikizira zama carbo okhala ndi 1 XE (ndikupatsani pansipa).

Ndikofunika kwambiri kuphunzira momwe mungadziwire kuchuluka kwa XE muzakudya zomwe mumadya!

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe sizikukukhudzani shuga:

awa ndi masamba - kabichi yamtundu uliwonse, radishi, kaloti, tomato, nkhaka, tsabola wofiira ndi wobiriwira (kupatula mbatata ndi chimanga),

amadyera (sorelo, katsabola, parsley, letesi, etc.), bowa,

batala ndi mafuta a masamba, mayonesi ndi mafuta anyama,

komanso nsomba, nyama, nkhuku, mazira ndi zinthu zawo, tchizi ndi tchizi chanyumba,

mtedza pang'ono (mpaka 50 g).

Kukwera kochepa kwa shuga kumapereka nyemba, nandolo ndi nyemba pang'ono podyera mbali (mpaka 7 tbsp. L)

Kodi ayenera kudya zakudya zingati masana?

Payenera kukhala zakudya zazikulu zitatu, komanso zakudya zapakatikati, zotchedwa zokhwasula-khwasokha kuyambira 1 mpaka 3, i.e. Pakazaka, pakhoza kukhala zakudya 6. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma insulin a ultrashort (Novorapid, Humalog), kuwombera ndikotheka. Izi ndizovomerezeka ngati palibe hypoglycemia mukadumula snack (kutsitsa magazi).

Pofuna kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri cham'mimba chokhala ndi insulin yovomerezeka,

dongosolo lokhazikitsidwa mkate

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kubwerera ku mutu wa "Rational Nutrition", kuwerengetsa zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku zomwe mumadya, mutatenga 55 kapena 60% yake, dziwani kuchuluka kwa kilocalories omwe amayenera kubwera ndi chakudya.
Kenako, pogawa mtengowu ndi 4 (popeza 1 g yamakanizo amapereka 4 kcal), timapeza kuchuluka kwa tsiku ndi tsiku m'magalamu. Podziwa kuti 1 XE ndi ofanana ndi magalamu 10 a chakudya, gawani kuchuluka kwa chakudya tsiku ndi 10 ndikupeza kuchuluka kwa XE tsiku lililonse.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati ndinu bambo komanso wogwira ntchito kumalo opanga, ndiye kuti zopatsa mphamvu zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 1800 kcal,

60% yake ndi 1080 kcal. Kugawa 1080 kcal mu 4 kcal, timapeza 270 magalamu a chakudya.

Kugawa magalamu 270 ndi magalamu 12, timapeza 22,5 XE.

Kwa mkazi yemwe amagwira ntchito yolimbitsa thupi - 1200 - 60% = 720: 4 = 180: 12 = 15 XE

Muyeso wa mkazi wachikulire komanso osalemera ndiye 12 XE. Chakudya cham'mawa - 3XE, nkhomaliro - 3XE, chakudya chamadzulo - 3XE komanso zokhwasula-khwasula 1 XE

Momwe mungagawire maguluwa tsiku lonse?

Popeza kukhalapo kwa zakudya zazikulu zitatu (kadzutsa, nkhomaliro ndi chakudya chamadzulo), kuchuluka kwa chakudya kwamoto kuyenera kugawidwa pakati pawo,

poganizira mfundo za zakudya zopatsa thanzi (zambiri m'mawa, zochepa madzulo)

ndipo, chabwino, kupatsidwa chidwi chanu.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pakudya kamodzi sikulimbikitsidwa kudya oposa 7 XE, popeza chakudya chamagulu ambiri omwe mumadya pachakudya chimodzi, chiwopsezo chachikulu cha glycemia ndi kuchuluka kwa insulin yochepa kumakulirakulira.

Ndipo mlingo waifupi, "chakudya", insulin, womwe umayendetsedwa kamodzi, sayenera kupitirira magawo 14.

Chifukwa chake kufalikira kwamphamvu zamafuta pakati pa zakudya zazikulu kungakhale motere:

• 3 XE pa kadzutsa (mwachitsanzo, oatmeal - supuni 4 (2 XE), sangweji yophika tchizi kapena nyama (1 XE), tchizi chosawoneka bwino cha tiyi ndi tiyi wobiriwira kapena khofi wokhala ndi zotsekemera).
• Chakudya chamasana - 3 XE: msuzi wa kabichi ndi wowawasa wowawasa (osawerengeka ndi XE) ndi kagawo 1 ka mkate (1 XE), nyama ya nkhumba kapena nsomba ndi masamba saladi mu masamba mafuta, wopanda mbatata, chimanga ndi nyemba (zosawerengeka ndi XE), mbatata yosenda - supuni 4 (2 XE), kapu yamitundu yopanda zipatso
• Chakudya chamadzulo - 3 XE: masamba omelet a mazira atatu ndi tomato 2 (osawerengeka ndi XE) ndi kagawo 1 ka mkate (1 XE), yogurt yokoma 1 galasi (2 XE).

Chifukwa chake, kwathunthu timapeza 9 XE. "Ndipo ma XE ena atatu ali kuti?" Mukufunsa.

XE yotsalira imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazomwe zimapangidwa pakudya pakati pa chakudya chachikulu komanso usiku. Mwachitsanzo, 2 XE mu mawonekedwe a nthochi imodzi imatha kudyedwa maola 2,5 mutatha kudya kadzutsa, 1 XE mu mawonekedwe a apulo - maola 2,5 pambuyo pa nkhomaliro ndi 1 XE usiku, pa 22.00, mukabayidwa insulin yanu yayitali .

Kupuma pakati pa kadzutsa ndi nkhomaliro iyenera kukhala maola 5, komanso pakati pa nkhomaliro ndi chakudya chamadzulo.

Pambuyo pa chakudya chachikulu, pakatha maola 2,5 payenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono = 1 XE

Kodi zakudya zapakatikati komanso kukakamizidwa usiku wonse ndizovomerezeka kwa anthu onse omwe amapaka insulin?

Zosafunika kwa aliyense.Chilichonse ndi payekha ndipo zimatengera dongosolo lanu la insulin. Nthawi zambiri munthu amakumana ndi zoterezi pomwe anthu amakhala ndi chakudya cham'mawa chokwanira kapena nkhomaliro ndipo sankafuna kudya nthawi yonse ya 3 maola atatha kudya, koma, pokumbukira malingaliro omwe anali nawo kuti azikhala ndi chakudya nthawi ya 11.00 ndi 16.00, "amakankha" XE mwa iwo okha ndikupeza kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Zakudya zapakati pamafunika kwa iwo omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia patatha maola atatu atatha kudya. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika, kuphatikiza insulin yochepa, insulin yayitali, ndikulowerera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri hypoglycemia imakhalapo panthawiyi (nthawi yogawa mphamvu yayikulu ya insulin komanso kuyambika kwa insulin yayitali.

Pambuyo pa nkhomaliro, nthawi yayitali insulin ikayamba kugwira ntchito ndipo imayatsidwa pamtundu wa insulin yochepa, yomwe imayendetsedwa musanadye nkhomaliro, mwayi wa hypoglycemia umakulanso ndipo 1-2 XE ndi yofunikira popewa. Usiku, pa 22-23.00, mukamapereka insulin yayitali, muzimeza pazomwe zili ndi 1-2 XE (pang'onopang'ono m'mimba ) popewa kuchepa kwa hypoglycemia ngati glycemia panthawiyi ndi ochepera 6.3 mmol / l.

Ndi glycemia pamtunda wa 6.5-7.0 mmol / L, kusakudya usiku kumatha kuyambitsa hyperglycemia ya m'mawa, chifukwa sipadzakhala insulin yokwanira usiku.
Zakudya zapakatikati zopangidwira kupewa hypoglycemia masana ndi usiku siziyenera kupitirira 1-2 XE, apo ayi mudzapeza hyperglycemia m'malo mwa hypoglycemia.
Pazakudya zapakatikati zotengedwa ngati njira yotsatsira mu kuchuluka kwa osaposa 1-2 XE, insulin sikuti imayendetsedwa.

Zambiri zimayankhulidwa pokhudza mkate.
Koma chifukwa chiyani mukuyenera kuwawerenga? Taganizirani chitsanzo ichi.

Tiyerekeze kuti muli ndi mita ya glucose ndipo mumayeza glycemia musanadye. Mwachitsanzo, inu, monga nthawi zonse, mumaba jakisoni magawo 12 a insulin yomwe adokotala adatipatsa, mumadya mbale yophika ndikumwa kapu ya mkaka. Dzulo nawenso mudapereka mlingo womwewo ndikudya phala yomweyo ndikumwa mkaka womwewo, mawa muyenera kuchita zomwezo.

Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa mukangopatuka pa zomwe mumadya, zizindikiritso zanu za glycemia zimasintha, ndipo sizabwino. Ngati ndinu munthu wodziwa kuwerenga komanso wodziwa kuwerengera XE, ndiye kuti kusintha kwa kadyedwe sikokuopsa kwa inu. Kudziwa kuti pa 1 XE pali avareji ya 2 PIECES ya insulin yochepa ndikuti muwerenge momwe mungawerengere XE, mutha kusintha mawonekedwe ake pazakudya, chifukwa chake, mlingo wa insulin momwe mukuwonera, popanda kusiya chindapusa cha shuga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti lero mutha kudya phala ya 4 XE (supuni 8), magawo awiri a buledi (2 XE) ndi tchizi kapena nyama pakudya m'mawa ndikungowonjezera insulin yochepa pa 6 XE 12yi ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino za glycemic.

Mawa m'mawa, ngati mulibe chikondwerero, mutha kudzipereka ndi kapu ya tiyi ndi masangweji awiri (2 XE) ndikulowetsani magawo 4 a insulin yochepa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo mupeze zotsatira zabwino za glycemic. Ndiye kuti, dongosolo lama mkate limathandizira kubaya ndendende kwakanthawi kochepa monga momwe amafunikira kuyamwa kwa zakudya zamafuta, osatinso (omwe amadzala ndi hypoglycemia) komanso osachepera (omwe ali ndi vuto la hyperglycemia), ndikusunga chindalama chabwino cha shuga.

Zakudya zomwe zimatha kudya popanda zoletsa

masamba onse kupatula mbatata ndi chimanga

- kabichi (mitundu yonse)
- nkhaka
- tsamba letesi
- amadyera
- tomato
- tsabola
- zukini
- biringanya
- beets
- kaloti
- nyemba zobiriwira
- radish, radish, turnip - nandolo wobiriwira (achichepere)
- sipinachi, sorelo
- bowa
- tiyi, khofi wopanda shuga ndi zonona
- madzi amchere
- zakumwa zakumwa za shuga

Zamasamba zimatha kudyedwa zosaphika, zophika, zophika, kuzifutsa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta (mafuta, mayonesi, kirimu wowawasa) pakukonzekera masamba azikhala kuyenera kukhala kochepa.

Zakudya zomwe zimayenera kudyedwa pang'ono

- nyama yokonda
- nsomba zamafuta ochepa
- mkaka ndi mkaka (mafuta ochepa)
- tchizi zosakwana 30% mafuta
- kanyumba tchizi osakwana 5% mafuta
- mbatata
- chimanga
- nyemba zopsa (nandolo, nyemba, mphodza)
- mbewu
- pasitala
- buledi ndi makeke (osati olemera)
- zipatso
- mazira

"Wofatsa" amatanthauza theka la ntchito zanu zokhazikika

Zogulitsa kuti zizikasiyidwa kapena zochepa monga momwe zingathere

- batala
- masamba mafuta *
- mafuta
- wowawasa zonona, zonona
- tchizi zoposa 30% mafuta
- tchizi tchizi oposa 5% mafuta
- mayonesi
- nyama yamafuta, mafuta osuta
- masoseji
- nsomba zamafuta
- khungu la mbalame
- nyama zamzitini, nsomba ndi masamba mumafuta
- mtedza, mbewu
- shuga, wokondedwa
- kupanikizana, kupanikizana
- maswiti, chokoleti
- makeke, makeke ndi confectionery ena
- makeke, makeke
- ayisikilimu
- zakumwa zotsekemera (Coca-Cola, Fanta)
- zakumwa zoledzeretsa

Ngati ndi kotheka, njira yophika monga yokazinga siyiyenera kuyikitsidwa.
Yesani kugwiritsa ntchito mbale zomwe zimakulolani kuphika popanda kuwonjezera mafuta.

* - Mafuta a masamba ndi gawo lofunikira la zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku, komabe, ndizokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito pazochepa kwambiri.

Kodi chakudya chamafuta ndi chiyani?

Zakudya zamagulu omwe alipo m'chilengedwe amagawidwa kukhala:

Omalizawa agawidwanso m'mitundu iwiri:

Pofuna kugaya ndi kusunga shuga wamagazi, mafuta osungunuka amadzimadzi ndi ofunika. Izi zikuphatikiza masamba a kabichi. Zakudya zomanga thupi zomwe zili mmenemo ndizofunika:

• kukhutiritsa njala ndikupangitsa kuti muzimva kukoma,
• musachulukitse shuga
• sinthani matumbo ntchito.

Malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa kutengeka, chakudya chamagulu amagawika pawiri:

• digestible (mkate wa batala, zipatso zotsekemera, etc.),
• kupukusa pang'onopang'ono (izi zimaphatikizapo zakudya zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic, mwachitsanzo, mkate wa buckwheat, wholemeal mkate).

Mukamalemba menyu, ndikofunikira kuti musangoganizira kuchuluka kwa chakudya chokha, komanso mtundu wawo. Mu matenda a shuga, muyenera kulabadira pang'onopang'ono chakudya chamafuta ndi chosagaya (pali tebulo lapadera la zinthu zotere). Amakwanitsa bwino ndipo amakhala ndi XE yochepera pa 100 g ya kulemera kwa zinthu.

Kuti zitheke kuwerengera chakudya nthawi yazakudya, akatswiri azakudya zaku Germany amabwera ndi lingaliro la "mkate unit" (XE). Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira mndandanda wa odwala matenda ashuga a 2, komabe, angagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino matenda a shuga 1.

Chigoba cha mkate chimatchedwa dzina chifukwa chimayezedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mkate. Mu 1 XE 10-12 g wamafuta. Zomwezo zimakhala ndi theka la chidutswa cha mkate 1 cm, odulidwa kuchokera ku mkate wamba. Komabe, chifukwa cha XE, chakudya chamafuta m'zinthu zilizonse chimatha kuyezedwa motere.

Momwe mungawerengere XE

Choyamba muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chochuluka pa 100 g ya mankhwala. Izi ndizosavuta kuchita poyang'ana ma CD. Kuti tiwerenge kuwerengera, timatenga ngati maziko 1 XE = 10 g wama chakudya. Tiyerekeze kuti 100 g ya mankhwala omwe timafuna ali ndi 50 g yamafuta.

Timapereka chitsanzo pamlingo wamaphunziro apasukulu: (100 x 10): 50 = 20 g

Izi zikutanthauza kuti 100 g ya malonda ili ndi 2 XE. Zimangoyesa kuyeza chakudya chophika kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa chakudya.

Poyamba, kuwerengetsa tsiku lililonse kwa XE kumawoneka ngati kovuta, koma pang'onopang'ono kumakhala chizolowezi. Munthu amadya chakudya chofanana chilichonse. Kutengera ndi zakudya zomwe wodwalayo amadya, mutha kupanga mndandanda watsiku ndi tsiku wa mtundu woyamba wa 2 ndi matenda ashuga.

Pali zinthu, zomwe zimapangidwa zomwe sizingavomerezedwe polemba pa phukusi. Kuchuluka kwa XE pa 100 g kulemera kwake, tebulo lingakuthandizeni. Ili ndi zakudya zomwe zimakonda kwambiri ndikuwonetsa kulemera kwake kutengera 1 XE.

Pang'ono pazogulitsa.Kupeza kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zadyedwa, ndibwino kugula muyeso wophika. Mutha kuyeza malonda ndi makapu, zoperekera, magalasi, koma zotsatira zake ndizofanana. Kuti zitheke, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti ayambe kujambula zolemba pawokha ndikulemba kuchuluka kwa XE yomwe yamwedwa komanso mlingo wa insulin womwe unalowetsamo.

Zakudya zomanga thupi m'magulu osiyanasiyana zimatha kusiyanasiyana.

Ngati chidutswa cha mkate mu 1 XE chouma, kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'mthupi sikudzasintha. Zomwezi zitha kunenedwa pamasamba omwera mkate kapena ufa.

Ndikwabwino kugula pasitala ya zoweta. Amakhala ndi fiber yambiri, ndipo amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa shuga.

Ngati mumaphika zikondamoyo kapena zikondamoyo, kuchuluka kwa XE kumakhudzidwa m'mamenya, kutengera zomwe amapezeka.

Mtundu wa phala pakuwerengera XE zilibe kanthu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kulabadira zizindikiro izi:

• glycemic index
• kuchuluka kwa mavitamini ndi michere,
• kuthamanga.

Mbale zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic, monga buckwheat, zimakumbidwa pang'onopang'ono. Phala yophika ikawilowetsedwa mwachangu kuposa owiritsa pang'ono.

Kuchokera pa zinthu zamkaka XE zimakhala ndi:

Mu tchizi chanyumba - mapuloteni okha, mu kirimu wowawasa, kirimu - mafuta (mafuta akununkhira akhoza kukhala ndi chakudya).

XE yambiri imapezeka mu zipatso zotsekemera, zambiri mwa izo zimakhala mphesa (1 XE - 3-4 mphesa). Koma 1 chikho cha zipatso wowawasa (currants, lingonberry, mabulosi akuda) - 1 XE yokha.

Mu ayisikilimu, chokoleti, zotsekemera zotsekemera XE zochuluka. Zakudya izi siziyenera kupatula kwathunthu kuzakudya, kapena kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu omwe amadya.

XE palibe nyama ndi nsomba, chifukwa chake zinthu izi sizimawerengedwa.

Chifukwa chiyani tikufuna XE?

Lingaliro la "mkate gawo" likufunika kuwerengetsa momwe ma insulin amafananira. Pa 1 XE, Mlingo wa mahomoni 1 kapena 2 umafunika. Simunganene motsimikiza kuti ndi shuga wangati amene mungathe mutatha kudya 1 XE. Mtengo wocheperako ndi 1.7 mmol / L, koma chizindikiro payekha chingafikire 5 mmol / L. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe amtundu wa glucose ndikumverera kwa mahomoni. Pankhaniyi, aliyense adzakhala ndi mlingo wa insulin.

Kudziwa lingaliro la "mkate mkate" sikungavulaze anthu omwe ali ndi shuga wamba, koma akuvutika ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Ithandizanso kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta tsiku lililonse ndikujambulitsa mndandanda wazakudya.

Kodi ndizofunikira zingati XE?

Pa chakudya chimodzi chachikulu, wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amatha kudya mpaka 6 XE. Njira zazikulu ndi kadzutsa, nkhomaliro komanso chakudya chamadzulo: zimatha kukhala zopatsa mphamvu zambiri.

Pakati pawo, amaloledwa kudya mpaka 1 XE popanda insulini, malinga ndi momwe kuchuluka kwa shuga kumawongoleredwera.

Zochitika tsiku ndi tsiku za XE zimasiyana malinga ndi zaka za wodwala:

• kuyambira zaka 4 mpaka 6 - 12 XE,
• kuyambira zaka 7 mpaka 10 - 15 XE,
• kuyambira wazaka 11 mpaka 14 - 16-20 XE (kwa anyamata, kumwa kwa XE ndikokulirapo),
• kuyambira wazaka 15 mpaka 18 - 17-20 XE,
• achikulire kuyambira azaka 18 - 20-21 XE.

Kulemera kwa thupi kuyenera kuganiziridwanso. Ndi kuperewera kwake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse kudya kwa 24-25 XE, ndipo ngati kunenepa kwambiri, muchepetse mpaka 15-18 XE.

Ndikofunika pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta omwe amachitika panthawi yochepa thupi kotero kuti izi zisakhale zovuta kwa thupi.

Njira yowerengera magawo a mkate siyenera kukhala yokhayo mukamawerengera kuchuluka ndi chakudya chomwe chimatengedwa. Ndi maziko okhawo omwe mungawagwiritsire ntchito zakudya zanu zomwe mumadya. Zakudya ziyenera kupindulitsa thupi, kuzikwaniritsa ndi mavitamini ndi michere.

Kuti zakudya zikhale zamtundu wapamwamba, muyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta, nyama ndikuwonjezera kudya zamasamba, zipatso ndi zipatso. Ndipo musaiwale za kuwongolera shuga. Pokhapokha ngati wodwala matenda ashuga angakwanitse kuyanjana ndi iye.

Momwe mungawerengere magawo a mkate

Kuwerengera magawo a mkate kumakupatsani mwayi wowongolera kuchuluka kwa glycemia mu mtundu 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 matenda a shuga, kusintha matendawa ndi lipid metabolism, kapangidwe koyenera ka menyu kwa odwala kumathandizira kulipirira matendawa, ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta.

Kodi gawo limodzi la mkate lofanana, momwe mungasinthire chakudya champhamvu kukhala mtengo wofunikira komanso momwe mungawerengere mtundu wa 1 ndikulemba mtundu wa 2 shuga, kuchuluka kwa insulini kuyenera kuyamwa 1 XE? XE imodzi imafanana ndi 10 g wamafuta, osakhala ndi michere yazakudya ndi 12 g poganizira zinthu zoyipa. Kudya 1 unit kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia ndi 2.7 mmol / L; magawo 1.5 a insulin amafunikira kuti amwe magazi.

Kukhala ndi lingaliro lazakudya zambiri zomwe zili ndi XE, mutha kupanga zakudya zabwino zatsiku ndi tsiku, kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kuti muchepetse shuga. Mutha kusiyanitsa menyu momwe mungathere, zinthu zina zimasinthidwa ndi zina zomwe zimakhala ndi zofananira.

Momwe mungawerengere magawo a buledi a mtundu 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 shuga, kodi amaloledwa kudya kangati patsiku la XE? Gawo limafanana ndi chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate wolemera 25. Zizindikiro zamafuta ena azakudya zimapezeka pagome la magawo a mkate, omwe amayenera kukhala nthawi zonse odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 kapena mtundu wa 2.

Odwala amaloledwa kudya 18-25 XE patsiku, kutengera kulemera kwathunthu kwa thupi, kuchuluka kwa ntchito zolimbitsa thupi. Chakudya chizikhala chopindika, muyenera kudya mpaka kasanu patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Chakudya cham'mawa, muyenera kudya 4 XE, ndipo pakudya nkhomaliro, chakudya chamadzulo chisakhale chopitilira 1-2, chifukwa masana munthu amawononga mphamvu zambiri. Kupitilira 7 XE pa chakudya sikuloledwa. Ngati kuli kovuta kukana maswiti, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kuwadya m'mawa kapena musanasewere masewera.

Makina owerengera pa intaneti

Kuwerengedwa kwa chakudya cham'mapeto omaliza komanso zakudya zoperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2 zitha kuchitika pa intaneti. Apa mutha kusankha mbale, zakumwa, zipatso ndi mchere, muwone zomwe amapanga, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, mafuta, chakudya, kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa XE pachakudya chimodzi.

Mukamawerengera magawo a mkate popangira mndandanda wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo ogwiritsa ntchito chowerengera, ndikofunikira kuganizira mafuta omwe amawonjezeredwa ku saladi kapena pakudya. Musaiwale za mkaka, pomwe phala limaphika mwachitsanzo.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera masamba ambiri atsopano momwe angathere m'zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga, chifukwa zinthu izi zimakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri, michere, michere yazomera, ndi chakudya pang'ono. Zipatso zosasindikizidwa ndizambiri za pectin, yaying'ono, ma macrocell. Kuphatikiza apo, malonda awa amakhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa magawo a mkate omwe ali mu 100 g ya mavwende, mavwende, mapichesi, mabulosi am'madzi, gooseberries, tangerines, raspberries, mapichesi, 100 g wa blueberries, plums, zipatso, sitiroberi, muyenera kuyang'ana mtengo wawo pa tebulo la XE zopangira mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2 shuga. . M nthochi, mphesa, zoumba, nkhuyu, vwende zimakhala ndi chakudya chambiri, motero odwala sayenera kuzidya.

Mndandanda wazakudya zomwe zilimo mu zipatso zakuphatikiza zakudya za mtundu 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 odwala matenda ashuga:

Tebulo lamasamba lokwanira masamba onse a zinthu zonse:

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, zakudya za mkaka wa skim zomwe mulibe shuga ziyenera kudyedwa. Galasi imodzi ya mkaka ndi ofanana 1 XE. Mutha kudziwa kuti ndi ma mkate angati mu tchizi tchizi, tchizi, yogati kuchokera pagome kuwerengera chakudya, XE kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Zowawasa mkaka zakudya mkate patebulo:

Mkaka ndi chakudya chofunikira chifukwa zimakhala ndi mapuloteni, mavitamini ndi michere. Zinthu izi ndizofunikira kuti thupi lizikula minofu, kulimbitsa kapangidwe ka mafupa a mafupa, mano. Ana amafunikira makamaka. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amaloledwa kudya mafuta ochepa. Dziwani kuti mkaka wa mbuzi umanenepa kwambiri kuposa mkaka wa ng'ombe. Koma lipindulitsa pa matenda a matumbo motility, kulimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira.

Chinanso chothandiza ndi seramu, yomwe imathandizira kuti glycemia isinthe, imayang'anira kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi. Kudya kwa Seramu kumathandizira kuchepetsa kunenepa kwambiri.

Mwa tchizi, ndibwino kuti mudye mankhwala a tofu soya. Mitundu yolimba iyenera kudyedwa moperewera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mafuta osapitirira 3%.

Ndi glycemia wosakhazikika, ndibwino kusiya kirimu kwathunthu, kirimu wowawasa ndi batala. Koma tchizi chopanda mafuta chopanda mafuta chikhonza kudyedwa komanso chofunikira, koma m'malo ochepa.

Nyama ndi mazira

Kodi pali zigawo zingati za dzira? Kuku, mazira a zinziri mulibe chakudya, chifukwa chake izi zimagwirizana ndi 0 XE. Yolk yophika ili ndi 4 g yamafuta pamoto pa 100 g, XE yake ndi 0,33. Ngakhale mtengo wotsika, mazira ndiopatsa mphamvu kwambiri, amakhala ndi mafuta ndi mapuloteni, izi zimayenera kukumbukiridwa mukamakonza menyu.

Chizindikiro cha Zero XE chimakhala ndi mwanawankhosa, ng'ombe, nyama ya kalulu, nyama ya nyama yankhumba ndi nyama ya nkhuku. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amalangizidwa kuti aziphika nyama yochepa yamafuta ndi nsomba. Makonda ayenera kuperekedwa kwa otentha, ophika ndi masamba osaphika amafuta. Simungathe kuphatikiza nyama ndi mbatata. Kuwerengera magawo a mkate ndikofunikira kuganizira mafuta ndi zonunkhira.

Sangweji imodzi ndi nkhumba yophika ndipo yoyera imakhala ndi 18 g yamakanizo ndipo kuwerengera XE kumafanana ndi 1,15. Kuchuluka kotero kumatha kusinthanitsa ndi zokhwasula kapena chakudya chimodzi.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chimanga

Kodi chiwiya cha mkate ndi chiani, ndi zochuluka motani mumphaka ndi chimanga, ndi uti wa iwo womwe ungadyedwe ndi mtundu 1 ndi shuga 2? Buckwheat ndiye chimanga chathanzi kwambiri; phala ikhoza kukonzedwa kuchokera kwa iwo kapena kuwonjezera msuzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumapezeka mu chakudya chochepa pang'onopang'ono (60 g), chomwe chimapangidwa pang'onopang'ono ndimagazi ndipo sichimayambitsa kuchuluka kwadzidzidzi mu glycemia. XE = 5 magawo / 100 g

Oatmeal othandiza kwambiri, ma flakes (5 XE / 100 gr). Chochita choterocho chophika kapena chothira mkaka, mutha kuwonjezera zidutswa za zipatso, mtedza, uchi pang'ono. Simungathe kuyika shuga, muesli ndi oletsedwa.

Mafuta a barele (5.4), tirigu (5.5 XE / 100 g) ali ndi fayilo yambiri ya mbewu, izi zimathandizira kuti mapangidwe ake a chimbudzi, amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa matumbo m'matumbo, komanso amachepetsa chilakolako chofuna kudya.

Njere zoletsedwa ndizophatikizapo mpunga (XE = 6.17) ndi semolina (XE = 5.8). Ma grits a chimanga (5.9 XE / 100 g) amaonedwa kuti ndi otsika-carb komanso kugaya chakudya mosavuta, amalepheretsa kuchuluka kwambiri, pomwe ali ndi mavitamini ndi mchere wofunikira.

Pofuna kudya zakudya zosiyanasiyana komanso nthawi imodzi osaphwanya malangizo a kadokotala, muyenera kukhala ndi udindo pakusankha zinthu zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito pokonzekera zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Kuwerengera kolondola kwa ma calories omwe amalandilidwa ndi thupi nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Lingaliro la "mkate mkate" liyenera kuphunziridwa ndi aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga, chifukwa ndi gawo ili lomwe ndilofunikira pakuwerengera zomwe zili mkati mwa kalori.

Kwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, zinthu zonse zimatha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu.

1. Zakudya zololedwa (zakudya zomwe zimatha kudya zokha).

2. Chakudya chololedwa (chitha kudyedwa ndi zoletsa zilizonse).

3. Zakudya zopanda pake (zakudya zokoma ndi zakumwa zomwe dokotala amalimbikitsa kuti zizitenga pokhapokha ngati pali vuto kapena litayamba la hypoglycemia).

Chipinda cha mkate (XE) chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupenda zakudya zomwe zili m'thupi.1 XE ndi ofanana 12 g shuga kapena 25 g wa tirigu.

Ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane malonda osiyanasiyana okhala ndi mawonekedwe ena, ndikuwunika mphamvu zawo.

Maswiti amaphatikizapo shuga, uchi, fructose ndi shuga wokhala ndi zipatso zambiri komanso zipatso zamkati, zakumwa, zakumwa zowonjezera shuga, mafuta osungirako, zotetezera, zakudya zina zotsekemera zimakhala ndi mafuta, pomwe zina zimaphatikizapo ufa ndi mitundu yambiri nsapato.

Zochuluka zamafuta owoneka bwino m'maswiti zimawathandiza kuti azithilira mwachangu: patangopita mphindi zochepa atatha kudya, shuga wa m'magazi amakwera kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chakudya chotere chimakhala chovulaza kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kudya zakudya zotsekemera pokhapokha ngati pali vuto la hypoglycemia.

Mwa zinthu zopangidwa ndi ufa, buledi ndiwotchuka kwambiri. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, ndikofunika kudya buledi kuchokera ku ufa wa wholemeal (rye), mkate wa chimanga, nthambi za chinangwa, etc. Ngati mudula chidutswa cha 1 masentimita kuchokera pamtanda wa mkate (kutanthauza gawo loyambira) kenako ndikugawa pakati, mutha kupeza cholinga za "kukula" kwa mkate. Mwatsatanetsatane, kuwerengera kwamtundu wa buledi pamitundu iliyonse kudzaperekedwa pansipa.

Mukamadya mkate wa rye ndi zinthu zophika zamphesa, shuga wamagazi amakwera pang'onopang'ono ndikufika pazomwe sizinachitike kuposa mphindi 30 mutatha kudya. Kuphika ufa wa tirigu kumamezedwa mwachangu - mu mphindi 10-15, womwe umadzala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwa wodwala matenda ashuga.

Maphala ambiri odziwika bwino (buckwheat, mpunga, semolina, oat ndi mapira) ali ndi chakudya chofanana: 2 supuni zonse za phala zimapanga 1 XE. Buckwheat, mapira ndi oatmeal amadziwika kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri. Manna amalowetsedwa mwachangu chifukwa chakusowa kwathunthu kwa fiber mkati mwake.

Pasitala nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku ufa wa tirigu, motero amamwetsedwa mwachangu, womwe umayenera kukumbukiridwa mukakonza zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Zipatso ndi zipatso zimasiyana kwambiri wina ndi mzake mu glucose wawo. Nthawi yomweyo, "shuga okhutira" zimangotengera mitundu: maapulo okoma ndi wowawasa, atatha kugaya chakudya m'mimba, amathandizira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Mwa zina zachilengedwe "zoletsedwa", mphesa zimayenera kuyang'aniridwa mwapadera. Zipatso zake zimakhala ndi "pure" glucose, ndichifukwa chake angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthana ndi hypoglycemia, koma osamwetsa nthawi zonse. Pazifukwa zofananazi, ndikosayenera kuphatikizira nkhuyu, ma sisitimu, zoumba zouma, ma apricots zouma ndi zipatso.

Zipatso ndi zipatso zamabulosi, zomwe zimakonzedwa ndi kuwonjezera kwa shuga, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyimitsa Hypoglycemia Mu timadziti tambiri "topangidwa", CHIKWANGWANI sichimakhalapo, chifukwa chake ma carbo omwe amapezeka muzinthu zotere amayamwa mwachangu kwambiri ndikuwonjezera kwambiri shuga.

Masamba ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamenyu ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Amakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu mosavuta komanso mafuta ambiri, koma ma cellulose ambiri, omwe amafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane. Zoletsedwazo zimakhudza mitundu ya masamba yokha yomwe ili ndi chakudya chamafuta (mbatata, chimanga, nyemba, ndi zina). Zotsirizazo ziyenera kuwerengedwa powerengera magawo a mkate.

"Osawongolera" mutha kudya kabichi wofiira ndi kabichi yoyera, ma turnips, radishi, radishi, tomato, kaloti, nkhaka, biringanya ndi zukini, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya anyezi, letesi ndi masamba. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizovomerezeka kuphatikiza soya ndi bowa muzakudya.

Zopangira mkaka zimatha kukhala zotsekemera komanso zopanda mafuta. Zakudya za gulu loyambalo (ayisikilimu, zotsekemera zotsekemera, ma yoghurts ndi ma curds) zili m'gulu la maswiti, motero ndikosayenera kudya. Zakudya za mkaka wowawasa (kefir, mkaka wowotchera, etc.)n.) phatikizani menyu, osayiwala kuti kapu imodzi ya mkaka 1 ndi 1 XE. Kirimu wowawasa, tchizi chokoleti, tchizi ndi batala zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri, chifukwa chake sizikuthandizira pakukula kwa shuga wamagazi.

Chovuta kwambiri ndikuwerengera kuchuluka kwa nyama ndi nsomba zomwe zimadyedwa. Tiyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti "osavulaza" ndi nyama yopanda tirigu, nyama ya nyama, nyama youma ndi youma, chifukwa ndi opanda zodetsa. Zinthu zopangika zopangidwa kale (soseji, soseji, makeke amtundu wa nsomba, ndi zina zambiri) zimakhala ndi chakudya (wowuma, buledi ndi ufa), ndipo kuchuluka kwake ndizovuta kudziwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zinthu zomwe zimamalizidwa zimasiyidwa kunja kwa menyu wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Zakudya zoterezi zimakonzedwa bwino kwambiri kunyumba, kusamalira mosamala kapangidwe kake ka zinthuzo.

Amakhala wokakamira kuphatikiza mowa mu zakudya - zakumwa zambiri za zidakwa zimakhala ndi shuga wambiri wopukusa. Kuonjezera apo, kuledzera kungayambitse zovuta za matenda ashuga (kudumphira jakisoni wa insulin, zovuta zamagulu, zina).

Pamwambapa tidasanthula mwatsatanetsatane lingaliro la "mkate mkate." Mosasamala mtundu wamtundu wazogwiritsidwa ntchito, 1 XE ili ndi 12 mpaka 15 g yamafuta ochita kupukusa mosavuta. 1 XE imachulukitsa shuga wamagazi ndi kuchuluka kofotokozedwa, komwe ndi 2.8 mmol / L ndipo "sikulowerera" ndi magawo awiri a insulin.

Kuti muwonetse bwino motere, timawerengera zinthu zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri zomwe zili mu 1 XE:

- pafupifupi 30 g wa buledi, mabisiketi atatu, zikotilo zazing'ono 5-6,

- supuni 1 ya mkate kapena ufa,

- 0,5 chikho chimanga (barele, buckwheat, mapira, barele kapena oat),

- Makapu 0,3 a phala lokonzekera mpunga,

- 0,5 chikho pasitala ya sing'anga,

- Pancake 1 kapena fritters yaying'ono,

- Cheesecake imodzi yapakatikati,

- Ma pie 2 osadziwika odzaza nyama,

- 4-5 zoponyera zopanga tokha,

- 1 yophika mbatata kapena mbatata wamba wamba,

- supuni ziwiri zosenda mbatata popanda zowonjezera,

- Makapu 0,5 a nyemba zowiritsa (nyemba, nandolo, mphodza),

- 1 chikho chosenda, kaloti, maungu, ma turnips kapena rutabaga,

- Makapu 0,5 a chimanga chosaphika,

- Makapu atatu omwe sanali onenepa -

- 1.5 makapu a msuzi wamasamba,

- 1 apulo yayikulu kukula,

- 1 peyala yaying'ono,

- 1 lalanje kapena mandarin,

- Chipatso chachikulu cha mphesa,

- 1 apulosi wamkulu,

- 0,5 nthochi yayikulu,

- 1 pichesi yaying'ono,

- 3 plums yaying'ono,

- Mango zazikulu 0,5,

- 15-17 yamatcheri kapena ma cherubi 10,

- 0,3 kg wa chivwende zamkati kapena 0,3 kg wa vwende.

- 1 kapu yosakwanira ya mabulosi abulu, ma currants, mabulosi am'madzi, ma honeysuckle, aronia, gooseberries, raspberries, sitiroberi zamtchire, sitiroberi, cranberries, cranberries kapena sea buckthorn,

- 2 masiku kapena supuni 1 ya zoumba zouma.

Malinga ndi malingaliro a akatswiri azakudya zopatsa thanzi, chofunikira cha tsiku ndi tsiku choti thupi lathu lizipanga zakudya sizidutsa 24-25 XE. Kuchuluka kwa chiwonetsero chabwino kwambiri kuyenera kugawidwa m'magawo a 5-6 tsiku lonse. Chakudya cham'mawa, nkhomaliro ndi chakudya chamadzulo zimayenera kukhala zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri kuposa chakudya chamasana komanso chakudya chapakati ".

Kuti mupange mndandanda woyenera, ndikofunikira kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu zofunika, poganizira momwe wodwala amakhalira ndi matenda ashuga, msinkhu wake, ntchito, zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndi magawo ena. Ndikofunika kufunsa upangiri kuchokera kwa endocrinologist.

Chiwerengero cha mkate chomwe thupi liyenera kulandira patsiku chadziwika, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, chakudya ndi mafuta mu mbale iliyonse yomwe yasankhidwa. Pamaso pa kunenepa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kudya kwa lipids m'thupi (mwachitsanzo, m'malo mwa zakudya zamafuta ndi masamba, mkate wa chinangwa, ndi zina). Kuchepa kwa thupi, m'malo mwake, kumafunikira zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zambiri. Chapakatikati, pofuna kupewa kuchepa kwa mavitamini, ndibwino kuti muphatikize zitsamba zatsopano komanso zipatso muzakudya.

Zakudya za odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga sizofunikira kwenikweni monga kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimamwa. Njira yabwino ndiyo kudya kangapo 6 patsiku (kadzutsa, nkhomaliro, chakudya chamadzulo ndi 3 "chapakatikati"). Pa matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, insulin nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kangapo patsiku, motero, gawo lililonse la mahomoni omwe amalowa m'magazi limafunikira "kulipidwa" mwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chokwanira. Ndikusowa shuga, hypoglycemia ndi matenda ena a metabolic angayambike.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati pakudya pakati pa chakudya cham'mawa komanso chamasana, wodwalayo alibe kudya, akhoza kumwa kapu imodzi ya kefir kapena mankhwala ena mkaka wowawasa, kudya makeke kapena zipatso zazing'ono zatsopano.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga a II, zakudya zomwe timadya pafupipafupi ndizofunikanso. Kudya pafupipafupi m'thupi kumakhazikika m'magazi a shuga, kupewa mavuto osiyanasiyana.

Ngati, ngakhale njira zonse zomwe zimatengedwa, matenda a shuga amasokonezeka ndi zizindikiro zowonjezera, dongosolo lazakudya liyenera kuthandizidwa malinga ndi malingaliro a katswiri.

Muzochitika za ketoacidotic, zopatsa mphamvu za zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kuchepetsedwa chifukwa cha kuperewera kapena kupatula kwamafuta.

Mafuta ndi zinthu zina zofananira ziyenera kusinthidwa ndi chakudya, makamaka mwanjira yosavuta kugaya (idyani zipatso zambiri, mbatata, mkate wapamwamba, ndi zina zambiri).

Atatuluka chikomokere cha matenda ashuga, wodwalayo amatha kudya zakudya zonona, masamba ndi zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi zamchere. Kuphatikiza apo, madzi amchere amchere amakhala opindulitsa (malinga ndi malingaliro a dokotala). Ngati zovuta za matenda ashuga sizikupita, katswiriyo angalimbikitse kuyika pang'onopang'ono mkate ndi nyama yopendekera pachakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku.

Mu kwambiri hypoglycemia, kuwerengetsa kwa zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku kumadalira kuuma kwa mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo, umunthu wake wa thupi lake komanso nthawi ya kukula kwa zovutazi. Mwachitsanzo, ngati zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa glucose zimawonekera mphindi 15 chakudya chisanachitike, muyenera "kusuntha" nthawi yakudya, ndikuyambitsa chakudyacho mosavuta (magawo a mkate, kagawo ka mbatata, ndi zina). Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zomwe zimadziwika pakati pa chakudya zimaletsanso chakudya. Ngati kuchepa kwa shuga kumatsatana ndi otchedwa precursors (kupweteka kwa mutu, kutsekeka kwa khungu, chizungulire, paresthesia, kapena kukomoka pang'ono), wodwalayo ayenera kumwa makapu 0,5 a tiyi wotsekemera asanadye. Ngati chiwopsezo cha chikumbumtima chitha, tiyi ayenera kulowetsedwa ndi shuga kapena shuga m'magazi, m'malo ovuta kwambiri, dokotala atha kukuwuzani shuga wambiri.

Kuwerengera magawo a mkate ndi muyeso wa insulin

Kuwerengera kwa magawo a mkate kuyenera kukhala tsiku ndi tsiku kuti zitsimikizire kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu kumaperekedwa. Popita nthawi, munthu amadzazindikira okha XE mbale popanda kulemera isanakwane.

Kuti muchite izi, mutha kuyang'ana ndi galasi, kukula kwa chidacho kapena kuchuluka kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Pafupifupi malo onse azachipatala omwe amayang'ana kwambiri za matenda ashuga, pamakhala masukulu otchedwa a shuga. Amawafotokozera odwala matenda ashuga kuti XE ndi chiyani, amawerengera komanso momwe angapangire zakudya zawo kwa nthawi yayitali.

Magulu a mikate ya matenda ashuga ndi mutu wofunikira kwambiri pakukambirana koyambirira ndi othandizira anu azaumoyo. Ndikwabwino kugawa mothandizana ndi zakudya zitatu zazikulu. Gawo limodzi kapena awiri amatha kusiyidwa kuti asungitse zakudya zazing'ono.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga wambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito insulin yayitali komanso mwachangu. Kuti mupewe hypoglycemia chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa shuga wamagazi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito 1 kapena 1.5 XE.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati chizolowezi cha mkate cha tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 10, ndiye bwino kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku lonse pogawa njira zingapo:

• chakudya cham'mawa - 2 XE,
• pa nkhomaliro - 1 XE,
• pa nkhomaliro - 3 XE,
• chakudya chamadzulo - 1 XE,
• chakudya chamadzulo - 3 XE.

Mungathenso kusiya 2 XE pa chakudya chamadzulo, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mkate womaliza pa chakudya chachiwiri. Poti mawa ndikofunikira kudya chimanga, chimakamizidwa ndi thupi pang'onopang'ono, pomwe shuga sichikukula kwambiri.

Chigawo chilichonse cha mkate chimafunikira kuchuluka kwa insulini zikafika pa mtundu 1 wa shuga. 1 XE imatha kuwonjezera shuga m'magazi pafupifupi 2.77 mmol / L. Kuti mupeze ngongoleyi, muyenera kuyika insulin kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 4 unit.

Njira yapamwamba yodziwira insulin tsiku limodzi imadziwika:

1. M'mawa kulipirira gawo limodzi lomwe mudzafunika mu insulin,
2. mu nkhomaliro mgawo umodzi wa ntchito 1.5 IU wa insulin,
3. pa chakudya chamadzulo, mumafunikira kuchuluka kwa XE ndi insulin.

Kuti mulipirire shuga komanso kuti shuga azikhala bwino, muyenera kuwunika kusintha kwamunthu wanu. Kuwonetsa miyezo ya shuga tsiku ndi tsiku ndi glucometer. Izi ziyenera kuchitika musanadye chakudya, kenako, malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi kuchuluka kwa XE, jekeseni insulini mu mlingo woyenera. Maola awiri mutatha kudya, shuga sayenera kupitirira 7.8 mmol / L.

Ndi matenda 2 a shuga, simukuyenera kupereka insulin, ndikokwanira kumwa mapiritsi nthawi zonse ndikutsatira zakudya.

Ndikofunikira kuti athe kuwerengera pawokha mwa XE.

Zomalizidwa zomaliza ndi zida zamafuta

Anthu onse omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga posachedwa amvetsetsa kufunikira kwa kuwerengera magawo a mkate. Odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuphunzira kudziimira pawokha pa kuchuluka kwa XE pazinthu zomalizidwa kuti apange bwino zakudya zawo.

Kuti muchite izi, ndikokwanira kudziwa kuchuluka kwazomwe zimapangidwira komanso kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu magalamu ake 100. Ngati kuchuluka kwamankhwala ophatikizika kwa chakudya kumagawidwa ndi 12, ndiye kuti mutha kudziwa bwino kuchuluka kwa XE mu magalamu 100. Mwachitsanzo, chinthu chomalizidwa chimalemera magalamu 300, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti phindu la XE liyenera kuwonjezeka katatu.

Mukapita ku malo ogulitsa zakudya, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti anthu ashuga asamavutike kuyenda mu XE, popeza maphikidwe enieni okonzera mbale ndi mndandanda wazomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito sizipezeka. Zinthu zomalizidwa zomwe zimaperekedwa m'misika kapena m'malesitilanti zimatha kukhala ndi zochulukirapo, zomwe zimasokoneza kwambiri lingaliro la wodwala matenda ashuga za kuchuluka kwa XE.

Mu shuga mellitus, kudya mkaka, chimanga ndi zipatso zotsekemera ziyenera kukhala zochepa. Komabe, zinthu ngati izi ndizofunikira zonse kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito gome la magawo a mkate, omwe amawonetsa nthawi yomweyo kuchuluka kwa XE mumtundu winawake.

Gome la XE la zinthu zamagulu osiyanasiyana

Kwa wodwala aliyense, endocrinologist amawonetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu am'magazi, poganizira zinthu zomwe zalembedwa gawo loyambayo. Mokulirapo odwala matenda ashuga amatha tsiku lonse, kuchuluka kwa tsiku lililonse kwa XE, koma osapitirira malire a mtundu wina.

Matebulo a mikate ya mkate azikhala nthawi zonse. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwazopangidwazo ndi XE: ngati "apulo yapakatikati" ikuwonetsedwa, ndiye kuti chipatso chachikulucho chimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mkate. Zomwe zimachitika ndi mankhwala aliwonse: kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kapena kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumawonjezera XE.

Gome likuwonetsa zinthu zomwe zili ndi chakudya. Ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amadabwa kuti bwanji kulibe nsomba ndi nyama. Zakudya zamtunduwu sizimakhala ndi ma carbohydrate, koma ziyenera kuphatikizidwa m'zakudya zomwe zimadalira matenda a shuga omwe amachokera ku insulin monga gwero la mapuloteni, mavitamini, ma acid opindulitsa, michere ndi zinthu zina.

Ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, odwala ambiri amawopa kudya zakudya zamafuta kuti magazi achulukane kwambiri. Kuchita zinthu ngati imeneyi kumathandizira kuti thupi lizikhala ndi zinthu zambiri zamtengo wapatali. Gome XE la anthu odwala matenda ashuga lidzathandiza kupeza kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta osavulaza thanzi. Palibenso chifukwa cholembetsera zinthu: ingopezani dzina lomwe mukufuna patebulo ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya kuchokera kumitundu yonse yazakudya zamasiku onse. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira malire a XE momwe anthu omwe amakhalira amoyo amangokhala.

Chofunikira kwambiri pakuchiritsa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ndi zakudya. Malamulo ake akuluakulu a shuga ndi chakudya chamagulu onse, kupatula zakudya zamafuta azakudya, komanso kutsimikiza kwa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu. Kuthetsa mavutowa, endocrinologists adapanga mawu akuti mkate ndi kukonza magome a magawo a mkate.

Akatswiri azakudya zamankhwala amalimbikitsa kuti azipanga mndandanda wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa gulu ili la odwala 55%%% yamafuta pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, 15% -20% ya mapuloteni, 20% -25% yamafuta. Makamaka posankha kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, magawo a mkate (XE) anapangidwa.

Matenda a shuga odwala matenda ashuga amawonetsa chakudya chamagulu osiyanasiyana. Kupanga mawuwa, akatswiri azakudya amatenga mkate wa rye ngati maziko: chidutswa chake cholemera magalamu makumi awiri ndi asanu chimawerengedwa kuti ndi gawo limodzi la mkate.

Zinthu Zololedwa Kugulitsa Matenda A shuga

Maziko a chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku ayenera kukhala zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndimagawo ochepa a mkate.

Gawo lawo pazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi 60%.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amathanso kudyedwa:

1. nyama yamafuta ochepa ndi nsomba zamkati,
2. zukini
3. mazira
4. radishi
5. radishi
6. saladi
7. amadyera
8. mtedza woperewera,
9. belu tsabola.
10. nkhaka
11. biringanya
12. bowa
13. Tomato
14. madzi amchere.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuchuluka kwa nsomba zomwe amadya mitundu yamafuta ochepa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya ndi nsomba zotere mpaka katatu pa sabata. Nsomba zimakhala ndi mafuta osakhala mafuta komanso mapuloteni, zinthu izi zimachepetsa mafuta m'thupi. Chifukwa chake, mutha kudziteteza ku chitukuko:

• matenda a mtima
• sitiroko
• thromboembolism.

Mukamapanga zakudya zatsiku ndi tsiku, muyenera kuganizira kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimachepetsa shuga. Izi zikuphatikiza:

Zakudya za nyama zimakhala ndi mapuloteni komanso michere yofunika. Palibe magawo a mkate. Itha kudyeka mpaka 200 g patsiku zosiyanasiyana mbale. Ndikofunikira kuganizira zina zowonjezera za mbale izi.

Zakudya zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic sizowononga thanzi, koma nthawi yomweyo zimadyetsa thupi ndi michere ndi mavitamini. Kulandila kwa zinthu zokhala ndi magawo ochepa a mkate kumakupatsani mwayi wopewa kudumphira mu glucose ndipo kumalepheretsa kuwoneka kwa zovuta za metabolic.

Kodi matebulo a magawo a mkate ndi ati?

Cholinga cha chithandizo cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndikutsatira kutulutsa kwachilengedwe kwa insulini posankha ma Mlingo ndi moyo wambiri kotero kuti mulingo wa glycemia uli pafupi ndi miyezo yovomerezeka.

Mankhwala amakono amapereka mitundu yotsatirayi yochizira insulin:

• Zachikhalidwe
• Angapo ma jekeseni angapo
• Zambiri

Mukamawerengera kuchuluka kwa insulin, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa XE kutengera zakudya zomwe zimawerengedwa (zipatso, mkaka ndi zinthu monga chimanga, maswiti, mbatata). Masamba amakhala ndi zovuta kugaya chakudya chamafuta ndipo samachita mbali yayikulu pakuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi nthawi zonse (glycemia), zomwe zimatengera nthawi ya tsiku, zakudya komanso kuchuluka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi za wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Makina olimbitsa kwambiri a insulin amathandizira kuti pakhale insulin (Lantus) yayitali kwa tsiku limodzi, tsiku lililonse, komwe amawerengera jakisoni wowonjezera (omwe amakhala ndi jakisoni), omwe amathandizidwa pamaso pa chakudya chachikulu mwachindunji kapena m'mphindi makumi atatu. Pachifukwa ichi, ma insulin omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mwachidule amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pa gawo lililonse la mkate lomwe lili mumakonzedwe, muyenera kulowetsamo (mukuganizira nthawi ya tsiku komanso kuchuluka kwa glycemia) 1U ya insulin.

Kufunika kwa nthawi ya tsiku pa 1XE:

M'pofunika kuganizira kuchuluka koyamba kwa shuga, momwe mungakhalire - kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Gawo limodzi la zochita za insulin amatha kugwiritsa ntchito 2 mmol / L shuga.

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimafunikira - kusewera masewera kumachepetsa glycemia, chifukwa mphindi 40 zilizonse zolimbitsa thupi zina zowonjezera 15 g za chakudya chamatumbo chofunikira zimafunikira. Mkulu wa glucose akatsika, mlingo wa insulin umachepetsedwa.

Ngati wodwalayo akukonzekera chakudya, adya chakudya ku 3 XE, ndipo glycemic level 30 mphindi asanadye amafanana ndi 7 mmol / L - amafunika 1U ya insulin kuti achepetse glycemia ndi 2 mmol / L. Ndipo 3ED - kwa chimbudzi cha magawo atatu a chakudya. Ayenera kulowa zigawo zinayi za insulin (Humalog) yonse.

Zakudya kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 omwe aphunzira kuwerengera muyeso wa insulin malinga ndi XE, pogwiritsa ntchito gome la magawo a mkate, akhoza kukhala aulere.

Momwe mungawerengere magawo a buledi a shuga

Ndi kuchuluka kwazomwe mukugulitsa ndi chakudya chama gramu 100, mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mkate.

Mwachitsanzo: phukusi la kanyumba tchizi lolemera 200 gramu, magalamu 100 ali ndi magalamu 24 a chakudya.

100 magalamu a tchizi tchizi - 24 magalamu a chakudya

200 magalamu a tchizi tchizi - X

X = 200 x 24/100

X = 48 magalamu a chakudya amapezeka mu paketi ya tchizi tchizi yolemera 200 gramu. Ngati mu 1XE 12 magalamu a chakudya, ndiye mu paketi yanyumba tchizi - 48/12 = 4 XE.

Chifukwa cha magawo a mkate, mutha kugawa chakudya choyenera patsiku, izi zimakupatsani mwayi:

• Idyani osiyanasiyana
• Osangokhala ndi chakudya chambiri posankha zakudya zabwino,
• Sungani gawo lanu la glycemia.

Pa intaneti mungapeze owerengetsa azakudya za shuga, omwe amawerengera zakudya zamasiku onse. Koma phunziroli limatenga nthawi yambiri, ndizosavuta kuyang'ana pamagawo a magawo a buledi a ashuga ndikusankha menyu wolinganiza. Kuchuluka kwa XE yofunikira kumadalira kulemera kwa thupi, zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, zaka komanso jini la munthu.

Ndi onenepa kwambiri

Amakhulupilira kuti pafupifupi mitengo ya zinthu zofunika patsiku imatha kukhala 20-24XE. Ndikofunikira kugawa bukuli kwa chakudya 5-6. Maphwando akulu ayenera kukhala 4-5 XE, tiyi wamadzulo ndi nkhomaliro - 1-2XE. Nthawi imodzi, osalimbikitsa kuti muzidya zakudya zopitilira 6-7XE.

Ndi kuchepa kwa thupi, timalimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa XE mpaka 30 patsiku.Ana azaka zisanu ndi zinayi akufunika 12-14XE patsiku, wazaka 7-16 akulimbikitsidwa 15-16, kuyambira wazaka 11 mpaka 14 - magawo khumi a mkate (a anyamata) ndi 16-17 XE (a atsikana). Anyamata a zaka zapakati pa 15 mpaka 18 amafunikira magawo 26 a mkate patsiku, atsikana awiri ochepera.

Zakudya ziyenera kukhala zoyenera, zokwanira zosowa za thupi pama protein, mavitamini. Mbali yake ndiyoti kupatula chakudya chamafuta chamagetsi.

Zofunikira pakudya:

• Kudya zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wazakudya: mkate wa rye, mapira, oatmeal, masamba, buckwheat.
• Kukhazikika kwa nthawi komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya tsiku ndi tsiku kumakwanira mlingo wa insulin.
• Kusintha mosavuta chakudya chamafuta ndi chakudya chofanana chosankhidwa pamatebulo a shuga.
• Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwamafuta a nyama powonjezera masamba.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri amafunikanso kugwiritsa ntchito magome a chakudya popewa kudya kwambiri. Ngati zikuwoneka kuti zinthu zomwe zili ndi ma carbohydrate owopsa zili ndi miyambo ina yovomerezeka m'zakudya, zimayenera kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Mutha kuchita izi kwa masiku 7-10 pa 2XE patsiku, kubweretsa zomwe zikufunika.

Matebulo a mikate ya buledi a 1 ndi 2 matenda ashuga

Maofesi a Endocrinological amawerengetsa magome a magawo a mkate mu zinthu zotchuka motengera zomwe zili ndi magalamu 12 a chakudya mu 1 XE. Ena mwa iwo amabweretsa kwa inu.

Madzi amatha kudyedwa mu mitundu yovuta ya shuga ya mitundu yoyamba ndi yachiwiri, pamene mseru wa glycemia ukhazikika, palibe kusinthasintha kowongoka mbali imodzi kapena kwinanso.

Zinthu zopangidwa mkaka ziyenera kudyedwa tsiku lililonse, makamaka masana. Pankhaniyi, osati magawo a mkate okha, komanso kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe akuyenera kukumbukiridwa. Odwala odwala matenda ashuga amalimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mkaka wotsika wamafuta.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zophika buledi, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kulemera kwazinthuzo, zimeni pamiyeso yamagetsi.

Kugawa kwa XE masana

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kupuma pakati pa chakudya sikuyenera kukhala lalitali, choncho 17-31XE (204- 336 g yamafuta) patsiku iyenera kugawidwa kasanu ndi kawiri. Kuphatikiza pa zakudya zazikulu, zakudya zokhazokha zimalimbikitsidwa. Komabe, ngati zakudya zapakati pazakudya ndizitali, ndipo hypoglycemia (kutsitsa glucose) sikupezeka, mutha kukana zokhwasula. Palibenso chifukwa choyenera kudya zakudya zowonjezera ngakhale munthu atavulaza ndi insulin.

Mu shuga mellitus, magawo a mkate amawerengedwa pachakudya chilichonse, ndipo ngati mbale zimaphatikizidwa, pachakudya chilichonse. Pazinthu zokhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ochepa am'mimba (zosakwana 5 g pa 100 g ya gawo lomwelo), XE singaganiziridwe.

Kuti kuchuluka kwa insulini sikudutsa malire otetezeka, osaposa 7XE ayenera kudya kamodzi. Mafuta ochulukirapo omwe amalowa m'thupi, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuti muchepetse shuga. Chakudya cham'mawa chimalimbikitsidwa 3-5XE, pa chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri - 2 XE, pa nkhomaliro - 6-7 XE, tiyi wamadzulo - 2 XE, chakudya chamadzulo - 3-4 XE, usiku - 1-2 XE. Monga mukuwonera, zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi zopatsa thanzi ziyenera kudyedwa m'mawa.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta kunayamba kukhala kokulirapo kuposa momwe anakonzera, kuti tipewe kulumpha m'magazi a glucose kwakanthawi mutatha kudya, timadzi tambiri tomwe timayambitsa timadzi timene timayambitsa. Komabe, muyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mlingo umodzi wa insulin yochepa suyenera kupitirira magawo 14. Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikupitirira chizolowezi, pakati pa zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa pa 1XE zitha kudyedwa popanda insulin.

Akatswiri angapo amati kudya 2-2.5XE kokha patsiku (njira yotchedwa zakudya zamagulu ochepa). Pankhaniyi, poganiza kuti, mankhwala a insulin akhoza kusiyidwa kwathunthu.

Zambiri Zamtundu wa Mkate

Kuti mupange mndandanda woyenera wa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga (onse mu kapangidwe kake ndi kuchuluka kwake), muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe amapezeka ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Pazinthu zomwe zimapangidwa m'mafakitale, izi zimapezeka mosavuta. Wopangayo akuyenera kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya mu 100 g ya malonda, ndipo nambalayo iyenera kugawidwa ndi 12 (kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'magalamu mu XE imodzi) ndikuwerengedwa potengera unyinji wazomwe wapangidwazo.

Muzochitika zina zonse, matebulo oyendetsera mkate amakhala othandizira. Ma tebulo awa amafotokoza kuchuluka kwa chinthu chomwe chimakhala ndi 12 g yamafuta, i.e. 1XE. Kuti zitheke, zinthuzo zimagawika m'magulu kutengera zoyambira kapena mtundu (masamba, zipatso, mkaka, zakumwa, ndi zina).

Mabuku awa amakupatsani mwayi wowerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta muzakudya, jambulani zakudya zoyenera, asinthe zakudya zina ndi ena, ndipo pamapeto pake, werengani kuchuluka kwa insulini. Pokhala ndi zidziwitso zamagulu a chakudya, odwala matenda ashuga amatha kugula pang'ono pazomwe zimaletsedwa.

Kuchuluka kwa zinthu nthawi zambiri kumawonetsedwa osati magalamu, komanso, mwachitsanzo, zidutswa, zopangira, magalasi, chifukwa chomwe palibe chifukwa cholemera. Koma ndi njira iyi, mutha kupanga cholakwika ndi mlingo wa insulin.

Kodi zakudya zosiyanasiyana zimachulukitsa bwanji shuga?

• zomwe sizikukula glucose,
• shuga wambiri
• kuchuluka kwa glucose kwakukulu.

Maziko gulu loyamba Zogulitsidwazo ndi masamba (kabichi, radishi, tomato, nkhaka, tsabola wofiira ndi wobiriwira, zukini, biringanya, nyemba zazingwe, radish) ndi amadyera (sorelo, sipinachi, katsabola, parsley, letesi, ndi zina). Chifukwa chokhala ndi michere yambiri, XE siziwawerengera. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kudya mphatso zachilengedwezi popanda zoletsa, komanso zosaphika, ndi zophika, ndi kuphika, nthawi yayikulu pakudya, komanso panthawi yopumira. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kabichi, yomwe imayamwa shuga, kuichotsa m'thupi.

Ma nyemba (nyemba, nandolo, malengedwe, nyemba) mumtundu waiwisi amadziwika ndi chakudya chochepa kwambiri. 1XE pa 100 g yazogulitsa. Koma ngati muwawotcha, ndiye kuti machulukitsidwe amakankhira amadzuka nthawi 2 ndipo 1XE ipezeka kale mu 50 g ya malonda.

Pofuna kuti musachulukitse kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta azakudya, mafuta (mafuta, mayonesi, kirimu wowawasa) ayenera kuwonjezedwa kwa iwo ochepa.

Ma Walnuts ndi ma hazelnuts ndi ofanana ndi nyemba zosaphika. 1XE ya 90 g. Nandolo za 1XE zimafunikira 85. Ngati musakaniza masamba, mtedza ndi nyemba, mumapeza masaladi athanzi komanso opatsa thanzi.

Zogulitsa, kuwonjezera apo, zimadziwika ndi index yotsika ya glycemic, i.e. Njira yosinthira kwa chakudya chamagulugulu m'magulu a glucose imayamba pang'onopang'ono.

Bowa ndi nsomba zamafuta ndi nyama, monga ng'ombe, sayenera kulandira zakudya zapadera za anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Koma masoseji ali kale ndi chakudya chamagulu ochulukitsa, popeza wowuma ndi zina zowonjezera nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa mu fakitole. Kupanga masoseji, kuwonjezera, soya nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngakhale zili choncho, mu soseji ndi soseji yophika 1XE imapangidwa ndi kulemera kwa 160 g. Soseji zosuta mu menyu a odwala matenda ashuga sayenera kuphatikizidwa.

Kutalika kwa ma carbord ndi ma carbohydrate kumawonjezeka chifukwa chophatikiza mkate wopanda kanthu ku nyama yoboola, makamaka ngati imadzaza mkaka.Pokaza, gwiritsani ntchito mkate. Zotsatira zake, kuti mulandire 1XE, 70 g yazogulitsa ndizokwanira.

XE palibe mu supuni 1 ya mafuta mpendadzuwa ndi 1 dzira limodzi.

Zinthu zophika buledi

Mu shuga mellitus, tikulimbikitsidwa m'malo mwa nyama zamafuta ndi mafuta azamasamba. . Izi zitha kudyedwa ngati mafuta a masamba - azitona, chimanga, zopendekera, dzungu. Mafuta amafunidwa kuchokera ku mtedza, mbewu za maungu, fulakesi, ndi chimanga.

Zakudya zomwe zimachepetsa shuga

Mu gulu lachiwiri lazinthu zimaphatikizapo mbewu monga chimanga - tirigu, oat, barele, mapira. Kwa 1XE, 50 g ya phala lamtundu uliwonse limafunikira. Chofunika kwambiri ndikusinthasintha kwa chinthu. Ndi kuchuluka komweko kwa chakudya cham'madzi, phala mumadzi amadzimadzi (mwachitsanzo, semolina) imalowa mwachangu mthupi kuposa phala lotayirira. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi poyambira kumawonjezeka mofulumira kuposa kwachiwiri.

Dziwani kuti chimanga chophika chimakhala ndi chakudya chochepa kwambiri katatu kuposa chimanga chouma pomwe 1XE imangopanga 15 g ya malonda. Oatmeal pa 1XE amafunika pang'ono - 20 g.

Chakudya chamafuta ambiri ndi mtundu wa wowuma (mbatata, chimanga, tirigu), ufa wosalala ndi ufa wa rye: 1XE - 15 g (supuni yokhala ndi phiri). Coarse ufa ndi 1XE more - 20 g.Mvekere izi zikuwonekeratu chifukwa chake ufa wambiri umapangidwira odwala matenda ashuga. Mafuta ndi zinthu kuchokera pamenepo, kuwonjezera apo, zimadziwika ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic, ndiko kuti, ma carbohydrate amasinthidwa mwachangu kukhala glucose.

Zizindikiro zamawu zimasiyana ma boti, ma mkate, ma cookie owuma (osokoneza). Koma pali mkate wowonjezera mu 1XE pakuyesa kulemera: 20 g zoyera, imvi ndi mkate wa pita, 25 g yakuda ndi 30 g ya chinangwa. 30 g amayeza mkate, ngati mumaphika muffin, mwachangu zikondamoyo kapena zikondamoyo. Koma tikumbukire kuti kuwerengetsa kwamtundu wa buledi kuyenera kuchitikira mtanda, osati chifukwa chotsiriza.

Pasitala wophika (1XE - 50 g) ali ndi chakudya chamafuta ochulukirapo. Mu mzere wa pasitala, ndibwino kuti musankhe zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku ufa wochepa wa carbohydrate wholemeal.

Mkaka ndi zotumphukira zake ndizagulu lachiwiri la zinthu. Pa 1XE mutha kumwa magalasi 250 amkaka, kefir, yogati, mkaka wowotchera, kirimu kapena yogati iliyonse yamafuta. Ponena za tchizi cha kanyumba, ngati mafuta ake ali ochepera 5%, safunikira kukumbukiridwa konse. Mafuta okhala ndi zotsekemera zolimba ayenera kukhala osakwana 30%.

Zogulitsa za gulu lachiwiri la odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudyedwa ndi zoletsa zina - theka la gawo labwinobwino. Kuphatikiza pazomwe tafotokozazi, izi zimaphatikizaponso chimanga ndi mazira.

Zakudya zambiri zamatumbo

Mwa zinthu zomwe zimachulukitsa shuga (gulu lachitatu))kutsogolera maswiti . Masipuni awiri okha (10 g) a shuga - komanso 1XE kale. Zomwezo ndi kupanikizana ndi uchi. Pali chokoleti chochulukirapo ndi mafuta m'thupi pa 1XE - 20 g.Iyenera kuti musatengeke ndi chokoleti cha matenda ashuga, chifukwa 1XE imangofunika 30 g shuga wa zipatso (fructose), yemwe amamuwona ngati wodwala matenda ashuga, komanso siwopanda chifukwa, chifukwa 1XE imapanga 12 g. Chifukwa cha kuphatikiza chakudya chopatsa mphamvu ndi shuga chidutswa cha keke kapena nthuza amapeza 3XE pomwe. Zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi shuga zimakhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic.

Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti maswiti amayenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu ndi zakudya.Otetezeka, mwachitsanzo, ndi msuzi wokoma wa curd (wopanda glaze ndi zoumba, zowona). Kuti mupeze 1XE, mumafunikira monga 100 g.

Ndizovomerezeka kudya ayisikilimu, 100 g yomwe ili ndi 2XE. Makonda ayenera kuperekedwa m'makalasi otsekemera, chifukwa mafuta omwe amapezeka pamenepo amateteza kuyamwa kwa mafuta kwambiri, ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakwera mofulumira kwambiri. Chipatso cha ayisikilimu chipatso, chomwe chimakhala ndi timadziti, m'malo mwake, chimatengedwa mwachangu m'mimba, chifukwa chomwe kukhathamira kwa magazi ndi shuga kumakulitsidwa. Zakudya zoterezi ndizothandiza kwa hypoglycemia.

Kwa odwala matenda ashuga, maswiti nthawi zambiri amapangidwa pamaziko a zotsekemera. Koma muyenera kukumbukira kuti shuga zina zimalimbikitsa kulemera.

Popeza adagula zakudya zotsekemera zokonzekera koyamba, amayenera kuyesedwa - idyani gawo laling'ono ndikuyesa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi.

Popewa zovuta zamtundu uliwonse, maswiti amakonzedwa bwino kunyumba, kusankha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe mungapeze.

Pewani kumwa kapena kuchepera momwe mungathere komanso batala ndi mafuta a masamba, mafuta anyama, wowawasa wowawasa, nyama yamafuta ndi nsomba, nyama yam'chitini ndi nsomba, mowa. Mukaphika, muyenera kupewa njira yokazinga ndipo ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mbale momwe mumatha kuphika popanda mafuta.

Zogulitsa Zamakina

Zipatso ndi zipatso zimakhudza glucose wamagazi m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ma-lingonberry, mabulosi abulu, mabulosi akuda, jamu, rasipiberi, ndi ma currants sizovulaza kwa odwala matenda ashuga (1 XE - supuni 7-8). Ma lemoni ali m'gulu lomweli - 1XE - 270 g. Koma makangaza, nkhuyu, kiwi, mango, nectarine, pichesi, maapulo 12 g lama michere amafunikira chipatso chimodzi chokha. M nthochi, cantaloupe, chivwende, ndi chinanazi zimathandizanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Masamba, mphesa zimakhala pakati pamizere. Kuti mukwaniritse 1XE amatha kudya ma pc a 10-15.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti zipatso za acidic ndi zipatso zake ndizochepa pang'onopang'ono kuposa zotsekemera, chifukwa chake musatsogoze ku kulumpha kowopsa mumagazi a magazi.

Ma saladi azipatso omwe amathandizidwa ndi mtedza woponderezedwa ndikuwotcha yogati ndizothandiza kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Anthu omwe amadwala matenda ashuga a zipatso ayenera kudya pang'ono. 12 g ya chakudya chopatsa 10 pcs. zoumba, 3 ma PC. ma apricots zouma ndi zipatso, 1 pc. nkhuyu. Chosiyana ndi maapulo (1XE - 2 tbsp. L.).

Kaloti ndi beets (1XE - 200 g) zimawonekera kwambiri pakati pa mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chochepa chamafuta. Zizindikiro zomwezi ndizofanana ndi dzungu. Mu mbatata ndi Yerusalemu artichoke, XE ndi katatu. Komanso, machulukitsidwe a chakudya zimatengera njira yokonzekera. Mu puree 1XE imapezeka pa 90 g kulemera kwake, mbatata yonse yophika - pa 75 g, yokazinga - pa 35 g, mu tchipisi - kokha pa 25 g. Chakudya chomaliza chimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngati mbatata chakudya ndi madzi, ndiye kuti njirayi imachitika mwachangu, ngakhale mbatata iliyonse ili m'gulu lazopangidwa ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic.

Mosankha, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyambanso zakumwa, asankhe okhawo omwe alibe chakudya, kapena okhala nawo ochepa. Zakumwa zotsekemera zimaphatikizidwa.

Mochulukitsa, mutha kumamwa madzi okha opanda kapena opanda mafuta. Sopo yotsekemera imakhala yosowa kwambiri, chifukwa 1XE imapezeka kale kuchokera ku theka lagalasi. Mitengo ya zipatso ndizovomerezeka, koma okhawo omwe amadziwika ndi index yotsika ya glycemic (mphesa), komanso tiyi (makamaka wobiriwira) ndi khofi yopanda shuga ndi zonona.

Ndi matenda a shuga, kugwiritsa ntchito timiyeso tomwe tangofika kumene, makamaka ndiwo zamasamba, timalimbikitsidwa. Pa 1 XE, mutha kumwa 2,5 tbsp. kabichi, 1.5 tbsp. phwetekere, 1 tbsp. beetroot ndi msuzi wa karoti. Pakati pa timadziti ta zipatso, chakudya chochepa kwambiri chomwe chili ndi zipatso za mphesa (1.4 tbsp. Per 1XE). Kwa lalanje, chitumbuwa, msuzi wa apulo, 1XE amalembedwa kuchokera ku theka lagalasi, chifukwa cha madzi a mphesa - kuchokera kakang'ono kwambiri. Kvass imakhalanso yotetezeka kwa odwala matenda ashuga (1XE - 1 tbsp.).

Zakumwa za mafakitale (zakumwa zozizilitsa kukhosi, zopangira zakumwa zopangidwa kale, citro, ndi zina)p.) imakhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri ndi zovulaza, motero siziyenera kuledzera kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga. Koma mutha kumwa zakumwa zakumwa za shuga, kukumbukira kuti zinthu izi zimawonjezera kulemera.

Mutha kuwerenga zambiri kuti simungadye ndi kumwa ndi shuga.

Pomaliza - gome lothandiza lazinthu zomwe amapeza buledi ndi ufa wa zipatso, zipatso, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.

Kuwerengera magawo a mkate ndi kovuta munthawi yochepa kwambiri. Ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amayesa kuchuluka kwa XE pazogulitsa pamakina, osatengera zolemba ndi zidziwitso phukusi. Izi zimawathandiza kuwerengera molondola mlingo wa insulin komanso kutsatira zakudya zomwe dokotala amafunikira.

Lingaliro la gawo la mkate kapena XE yofupikitsidwa idayambitsidwa kuti ipangitse kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta. Masiku ano, kuli masukulu apadera a anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi maphunziro ofunikira operekedwa ndi antchito ophunzitsidwa bwino. Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, anthu odwala matenda ashuga amapatsidwa matebulo kuti awerenge kudya kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa magawo a mkate, kutengera mtundu wa aliyense wa iwo.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mufunsane ndi dokotala za kuchuluka kwa mikate yomwe mumafunikira, koma kuchuluka kwake kungaoneke patebulo pansipa.

• XE - imayimira "unit unit".
• 1 XE kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi 1.7-2.2 mmol / l.
• 1 XE - kuchuluka kwa chilichonse chomwe chili ndi 10g yamafuta abwino, koma osaganizira zinthu zoyipa.
• Kuti mumvetse mkate wa 1, insulin imafunikira muyeso yamagulu a 1-4.

Tsopano mukudziwa kuchuluka kwamagulu a mkate omwe mumafunikira tsiku lililonse.

Koma zitatha izi funso limadzuka "Kodi mungamasulire bwanji mfundo za XE mu nambala yomwe mukufuna?" . Mutha kupeza yankho la funsoli pa tebulo lapadera pansipa, lomwe limalimbikitsa anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Zakudya monga chimanga ndi ufa

Ma groats aliwonse (ndi semolina *)

1 tbsp. supuni ndi slide

Mwachitsanzo XE Zakudya za Odwala Odwala

Zopezeka zilizonse zokhala ndi chakudya zimakhala ndi mafuta 12-16, omwe amafanana ndi mkate umodzi.

XE imodzi imawonjezera shuga m'magazi ndi gawo linalake, lomwe ndi 2.8 mmol / L.

Pazowonetserazi, ma 2 PIERES a insulin yochotsedwa akufunika.

Menyu patsiku loyamba:

1. chakudya cham'mawa: 260 ga kabichi watsopano ndi saladi wa karoti, kapu ya tiyi,
2. Chakudya chamasana, msuzi wamasamba, zipatso zouma zambiri,
3. pa chakudya chamadzulo: nsomba zovekedwa, 250 ml yochepa mafuta kefir,

Tiyi, ma compotes ndi khofi amatengedwa popanda shuga.

Menyu patsiku lachiwiri:

• chakudya cham'mawa: 250 g saladi wa kaloti ndi maapulo, kapu ya khofi ndi mkaka,
• Chakudya chamasana: Borsch wopepuka ndi zipatso zambiri,
• chakudya chamadzulo: 260 g oatmeal ndi yoghurt unsweetened.

Menyu patsiku lachitatu:

1. pa kadzutsa
2. pa nkhomaliro: msuzi wa nsomba ndi 250 ml ya kefir wotsika mafuta,
3. chakudya chamadzulo: saladi ndi apulo ndi kabichi, khofi.

Ichi ndi zitsanzo cha zakudya zopatsa thanzi za XE pamalimidwe ambiri.Kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa zinthu ngati izi kungathandize kuchepetsa katundu pamimba yamagaya ndikuchepetsa thupi.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu uliwonse, zakudya zamasamba ndizoyenera. Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe amaperekedwa tsiku lililonse amaperekedwa kwa thupi. Kusowa kwa mapuloteni kumalipiriridwa mosavuta ndi zikuluzikulu zazikulu 8 za tchizi chokoleti.

Madokotala achenjeza kuti kufa ndi njala ndizowopsa kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Zakudya zoperewera zimapangitsa kuti thupi lizidwala chifukwa chosowa chakudya. Zikakhala zoterezi, ndikosavuta kusintha misempha ya magazi.

Zakudya zabwino za anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndizochepetsa:

• masamba abwino ndi zipatso zopanda zipatso,
• batala
• mafuta amitundu mitundu.

Onetsetsani kuti mwawunika momwe muliri komanso momwe mumagona.

Monga mukudziwa, zakudya zokha zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ndiye kuti, ngati mumadya sangweji ndi mafuta, pambuyo pa mphindi 30 mpaka 40 shuga wamagazi amakwera, ndipo izi zimachokera ku mkate, osati kuchokera ku batala. Ngati sangweji yomweyo singafalikire ndi batala, koma ndi uchi, ndiye kuti shugayo imakwera ngakhale kale - m'mphindi 10-15, ndipo pambuyo pa mphindi 30 mpaka 40 padzakhala kuwonjezeka kwachiwiri kwa shuga - kale kuchokera ku mkate. Koma ngati mkatewo umadutsa bwino shuga, ndiye kuti uchi (kapena shuga) umatha, monga momwe amanenera, kudumpha, zomwe zimakhala zovulaza kwa wodwala matenda ashuga. Ndipo zonsezi ndichifukwa mkate ndi wothandiza kugaya chakudya pang'onopang'ono, ndi uchi ndi shuga kwa omwe akudya mwachangu.

Chifukwa chake, munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amasiyana ndi anthu ena chifukwa amayenera kutsata zamakedwe omwe amakhala ndi zakudya, ndipo muzikumbukira pamtima kuti ndi ndani wa iwo amene amayambitsa shuga.

Koma momwe mungadziwire molondola kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi chakudya? Kupatula apo, onsewa ndi osiyana kwambiri pakati pawo pazinthu zawo zothandiza komanso zovulaza, kapangidwe kake, ndi zopatsa mphamvu. Kuyeza ndi njira iliyonse yakunyumba yosungika, mwachitsanzo, supuni kapena kapu yayikulu, izi zofunika kwambiri za chakudya ndizosatheka. Munjira yomweyo, ndizovuta kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimafunikira tsiku lililonse. Kuti awongolere ntchitoyi, akatswiri azakudya azinthu zamtundu wina - mkate zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi woganiza mwachangu kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu.

Magwero osiyanasiyana amatha kuyitcha mosiyanasiyana: gawo lokhala ndi mafuta, gawo lamaofesi, komanso zina. Izi sizisintha tanthauzo lake, ndizinthu zofanana. Mawu akuti "mkate mkate" (chidule XE) afala kwambiri. XE yadziwika chifukwa cha odwala matenda a shuga omwe amalandira insulin. Inde, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti azisunganso kudya kwatsiku ndi tsiku komwe kumafanana ndi insulini yovulazidwa, apo ayi kulumpha lakuthwa mu misempha ya magazi (hyper- kapena hypoglycemia) kungachitike. Chifukwa cha chitukuko Njira za XE odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mwayi wopanga mndandanda molondola, kusinthitsa zakudya zina zomwe zili ndi chakudya chamagulu ena.

XE - uli ngati mtundu wa "supuni yoyesedwa" yosavuta yowerengera chakudya. Chifukwa mkate umodzi anatenga magalamu 10 g a chakudya chambiri. Chifukwa chiyani mkate? Chifukwa chimakhala mu chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate wolemera 25 g.Uchi ndi chiwalo wamba, chomwe chimapezeka ngati mutadula mbale 1 cm kuchokera pamtanda wa mkate ndikugawa pakati - monga mkate nthawi zambiri umadulidwa kunyumba ndi chipinda chodyeramo.

Njira ya XE ndi yapadziko lonse lapansi, yomwe imalola anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti ayende ndikuwunika mtengo wazinthu zopezeka ku dziko lililonse padziko lapansi.

M'magawo osiyanasiyana mumakhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zakudya zamankhwala mu 1 XE - 10-15 g .. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti XE siyenera kuwonetsa nambala iliyonse yofotokozedwa, koma imathandizira kuwerengera zakudya zomwe zimaperekedwa mu chakudya, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wosankha kufunika kwa insulin. Pogwiritsa ntchito kachitidwe ka XE, mutha kusiya kulemera kwa chakudya kosalekeza.XE imakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagalimoto okha mothandizidwa ndi kuyang'ana pang'ono, mothandizidwa ndi mavoliyumu omwe ali oyenera kuzindikira (chidutswa, galasi, chidutswa, supuni, ndi zina), musanadye chakudya cham'mawa, chakudya chamadzulo kapena chakudya chamadzulo. Mukazindikira kuchuluka kwa XE yomwe mudya pachakudya chilichonse, poyesa shuga m'magazi musanadye, mutha kulowa muyezo woyenerera wa insulini yochepa kenako ndikuyang'ana shuga wamagazi mukatha kudya. Izi zikuchotsa mavuto ambiri othandiza komanso amisala ndikupulumutsa nthawi yanu mtsogolo.

XE imodzi, yopanda malipiro a insulin, momwemo imachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi 1.5-1.9 mmol / L ndipo imafunikira pafupifupi IU ya insulini kuti ikakamize, yomwe imapezeka mu buku lanu lodziyang'anira nokha.

Mwawamba, kudziwa bwino XE ndikofunikira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa I, pomwe odwala matenda ashuga amtundu II, kuchuluka kwa caloric tsiku lililonse komanso kugawa zakudya zamagulu onse azakudya tsiku lonse ndizofunikira kwambiri. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, posinthanitsa mwachangu zinthu zina, kutsimikiza kuchuluka kwa XE sikungakhale kopitilira muyeso.

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale zigawo zimatchedwa "mkate", mutha kufotokoza mkati mwake osati kuchuluka kwa mkate, komanso zinthu zina zilizonse zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya. Kuphatikizanso ndikuti simukufunika kulemera! Mutha kuyeza XE ndi supuni ndi supuni, magalasi, makapu, ndi zina zambiri.

Ganizirani momwe mungadziwire kuchuluka kwa XE pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate uliwonse (zonse zakuda ndi zoyera, koma batala) = 1 XE. Uwu ndiye mkate wamba womwe umadula nokha mkate. Ngati chidutswa chomwechi cha mkate chija, chongowolacho chikhala chofanana ndi 1 XE, chifukwa madzi okha ndi omwe adasungunuka, ndipo mafuta onse amakhalapo.

Tsopano sankhani chophwanya ichi ndikupeza 1 tbsp. spoonful wa breadcrumbs ndi zonse zofanana 1 XE.

1 XE zili mu 1 tbsp. spoonful ufa kapena wowuma.

Ngati mungaganize zopanga zikondamoyo kapena ma pie kunyumba, werengani zowerengera: mwachitsanzo, supuni 5 za ufa, mazira awiri, madzi, wokoma. Mwa zinthu zonsezi, ufa wokha ndi XE. Werengani kuti ndi zikondamoyo zingati zomwe zaphikidwa. Pafupifupi, asanu amapezeka, ndiye pancake imodzi imakhala ndi 1 XE .. Ngati muwonjezera shuga mumphika, osalowa m'malo, ndiye muwerengere.

Mu 3 tbsp. supuni ya supuni yophika yomwe ili ndi 2 XE. Pasitala yakunyumba imakhala ndi fiber yambiri kuposa yomwe imatengedwera kunja, ndipo, monga mukudziwa, mafuta ocheperako amatha kupindulitsa thupi.

1 XE ili 2 2. spoons iliyonse phala yophika. Kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa shuga, mtundu wa phala ndi wofunikira kuposa kuchuluka kwake. Zachidziwikire, toni ya buckwheat imakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo kuposa toni ya mpunga, koma palibe amene amadya phala m'matani. Mu mbale imodzi, kusiyana koteroko ndikosasangalatsa kotero kuti sitinganyalanyaze. Buckwheat sichabwinonso kapena choyipa kuposa phala lina lililonse. M'mayiko omwe buckwheat sichikula, mpunga umalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala matenda a shuga.

Nandolo, nyemba ndi mphodza malinga ndi dongosolo la XE zitha kunyalanyazidwa, chifukwa 1 XE ili mu 7 tbsp. spoons a zinthu. Ngati mungathe kudya zoposa 7 tbsp. spoons za nandolo, onjezerani 1 XE.

Zinthu zamkaka. Mwapangidwe ake, mkaka ndi mafuta osakanizira, mapuloteni ndi chakudya m'madzi. Mafuta amapezeka mu mafuta, kirimu wowawasa ndi zonona zambiri. Zogulitsazi zilibe XE, popeza kulibe mafuta. Agogo ndi tchizi tchizi, ilinso XE. Koma ma whey otsala ndi mkaka wathunthu umakhala ndi chakudya chamafuta. Galasi imodzi ya mkaka = 1 XE. Mkaka uyenera kuganiziridwanso mukamawonjezera pa mtanda kapena phala. Simuyenera kuwerengera batala, kirimu wowawasa ndi zonona (koma ngati mudagula kirimu mu sitolo, apititseni pafupi ndi mkaka).

1 tbsp. supuni ya shuga granured = 1 XE. Ganizirani ngati mukuwonjezera magawo atatu a shuga omwe amayenga ku zikondamoyo, etc. = 1 XE (gwiritsani ntchito vuto la hypoglycemia).

Gawo limodzi la ayisikilimu lili ndi 1.5-2 XE (65-100 g). Tiyeni titenge ngati mchere (ndiye kuti, muyenera kudya kaye nkhomaliro kapena saladi wa kabichi, kenako - kwa mchere).Kenako kukomedwa kwa chakudya kumakhala pang'onopang'ono.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ayisikilimu wowawasa ndi wabwinoko kuposa ayisikilimu wazipatso, chifukwa amakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo omwe amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa mafuta, ndipo shuga yamagazi imakwera pang'onopang'ono. Ndipo popsicles siili kanthu koma madzi otsekemera oundana, omwe amasungunuka pamtunda waukulu m'mimba ndipo amatengeka mwachangu, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ayisikilimu simalimbikitsidwa pamaso pa kunenepa kwambiri kwa thupi, chifukwa ndiwopamwamba kwambiri.

Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu w II matenda a shuga, kwa iwo onenepa kwambiri, komanso kwa iwo omwe pazifukwa zonse safuna kutaya nthawi akuwerengera mitundu yonse ndikudziwunikira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kupatula zinthu zomwe zili ndi zopatsa mphamvu zamagetsi pakudya kosalekeza ndikuziwasiya kuti ayimitse machitidwe a hypoglycemic.

Zogulitsazi zilibe chakudya, motero sizifunikira kulingaliridwa malinga ndi XE. Kulemba zamagulu ndikofunikira kokha ndi njira zapadera zophikira. Mwachitsanzo, pakuphika nyama, mincemeat imawonjezedwa ndi buledi woviikidwa mkaka. Asanakhazikike, ma cutlets amawagudubuza buledi, ndi nsomba mu ufa kapena mtanda (amamenya). Muyeneranso kuganizira magawo a mkate wowonjezera.

Ma rekodi a XE amafunika mbatata. Mbatata imodzi = 1XE. Kutengera njira yokonzekera, kokha kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe am'mimba m'mimba kumasintha. Njira yachangu kwambiri ndikuwonjezera shuga m'magazi kuchokera mbatata zosenda pamadzi, pang'onopang'ono - mbatata yokazinga.

Zomera zina zamizu zitha kunyalanyazidwa ngati muzigwiritsa ntchito mukudya kwanu kuchuluka kosaposa 1 XE: kaloti atatu akuluakulu = 1 XE, beet imodzi yayikulu = 1 XE.

1 XE ili ndi:

• mu theka la mphesa, nthochi, chinangwa
• apulo limodzi, lalanje, pichesi, peyala imodzi, Persimoni,
• ma tanger atatu
• chidutswa chimodzi cha vwende, chinanazi, chivwende,
• atatu kapena anayi maapulo kapena plums.

Zipatso zing'onozing'ono zimawerengedwa kuti ndi saucers opanda tiyi: Zipatso zing'onozing'ono: rasipiberi, sitiroberi, mabulosi am'madzi, mabulosi abulu, lingonberries, currants, mabulosi akuda, etc. - chikho chimodzi cha zipatso = 1 XE. Mphesa zimakhala ndi chakudya chochuluka kwambiri, kutengera mphesa zazikulu izi - izi ndi 1 XE. Zipatsozi ndibwino kudya ndi shuga wochepa (hypoglycemia).

Ngati mukuuma zipatso, kumbukirani kuti madzi okha ndi omwe amatha kutuluka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa chakudya sikusintha. Chifukwa chake, mu zipatso zouma, XE iyeneranso kulingaliridwa.

Chizindikiro 1 XE chili mu:

• 1/3 kapu ya madzi a mphesa (chifukwa chake, iyenera kumamwa kokha ndi shuga ochepa)
• 1 chikho kvass kapena mowa
• 1/2 chikho cha apulo mandimu.

Madzi ochepa ndi koloko ya zakudya alibe XE. Koma madzi wamba otsekemera ndi mandimu ayenera kuganiziridwa.

Mkhalidwe wamba wamunthu, kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yake yam'magazi, mtima, impso, mafupa, maso, komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi kuthekera kwakutukuka, zimatengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a odwala matenda ashuga.

Posamalira tsiku ndi tsiku kuchuluka kwa chakudya, menyu umagwiritsa ntchito mkate wotchedwa - XE. Zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse mitundu yonse yamafuta amakanidwe ambiri kumachitidwe owerengera: kuchuluka kwa shuga komwe kungalowe m'magazi amunthu mukatha kudya. Kutengera mtundu wa XE pachinthu chilichonse, mndandanda wazakudya za matenda ashuga tsiku lililonse zimapangidwa.

Nyama zokhala ndi ufa

Yophika, yophika tuber

Zipatso ndi Zipatso

• Galasi 1 = 250 ml
• 1 dzenje = 250 ml
• 1 mug = 300 ml.

* Sikulimbikitsidwa kuti odwala matenda ashuga azigwiritsa ntchito zinthu zonse zomwe zawonetsedwa ndi asterisk, chifukwa ali ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic.

Mawu akale akuti "odalira insulin" komanso "matenda a insulin-odziimira" a World Health Organisation adaganiza kuti asagwiritsenso ntchito chifukwa chosiyana mu kapangidwe ka chitukuko cha izi matenda awiri osiyana ndikuwonetsera kwawo payekha, komanso kuti panthawi inayake m'moyo wa wodwalayo, kusintha kuchokera ku fomu yodalira insulini kupita ku mawonekedwe omwe akudalira insulin kwambiri ndikuwongolera ma jakisoni a nthawi yonseyi.

Zolemba za matenda a shuga II

Zovuta za kagayidwe kazakudya ka chakudya zimagwirizananso ndi T2DM, zimaphatikizidwa ndi zonse ziwiri zotchulidwa za insulin (zovuta zowonongeka za insulin yamkati kapena yakunja pamatumbo) ndikusokonekera kwa kupanga kwawo kwa insulini kosiyanasiyana pakati pawo. Matendawa amakula, monga lamulo, pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mu 85% ya milandu imatengedwa kuchokera kwa makolo. Ndi katundu wobadwa nawo, anthu opitilira zaka 50 amadwala ndi T2DM pafupifupi popanda kusiyanitsa.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa T2DM kumathandizira kunenepa , makamaka pamimba, wokhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo (a mkati), osati mafuta onyozeka.

Ubwenzi wapakati pa mitundu iwiri iyi ya kudzikundikira kwamafuta m'thupi ukhoza kuwonekera poyesedwa ndi bio-impedance m'malo apadera, kapena (moyerekeza kwambiri) owerengera mafuta m'miyezo yanyumba ndi ntchito yoyerekeza kuchuluka kwamafuta a visceral.

Mu T2DM, thupi la munthu wonenepa, kuti athane ndi insulin kukokana, amakakamizidwa kuti azikhala ndi insulini yambiri m'magazi poyerekeza ndi yabwinobwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwa mapangidwe a pancreatic popanga insulin. Kukana kwa insulini kumapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala ochepa komanso osakwanira.

Pachigawo choyambirira cha T2DM, njirayi imasinthidwanso ndikuwongolera zakudya komanso kuyambitsa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi pazowonjezera (kufikira mulingo woyambira kagayidwe kake komanso zochitika wamba zapakhomo ndi zochitika) tsiku lililonse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu 200-250 kcal pamachitidwe ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, omwe amafanana ndi zochitika ngati izi:

• kuyenda 8 km
• Kuyenda ma Nordic 6 km
• kuthamangira 4 km.

Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chochuluka ndi mtundu wa shuga II

Njira yayikulu yodyetsera zakudya mu T2DM ndikuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, komwe kudziphunzitsira kofunikira kumafunika kuchokera kwa wodwala kusintha kwa moyo wawo.

Ndi kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwa odwala, mitundu yonse ya kagayidwe imasintha, makamaka, zimakhala zimayamba kugwira shuga, ndipo ngakhale (mwa odwala ena) machitidwe amakankhidwe obwera. M'nthawi ya insulin isanachitike, zakudya zinali njira yokhayo yothandizira odwala matenda ashuga, koma phindu lake silinatsike masiku athu ano. Kufunika kopereka mankhwala ochepetsa shuga mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi kwa wodwala kumabuka (kapena kulimbikira) pokhapokha ngati shuga wambiri samatsika pambuyo poti mathandizidwe pakudya ndi kuthandizira kulemera kwa thupi. Ngati mankhwala ochepetsa shuga sathandiza, dokotala amamulembera mankhwala a insulin.

Zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu ndi shuga za ana. Zifukwa zopezeka ndi kupewa

Nthawi zina odwala amalimbikitsidwa kusiyiratu shuga wosavuta, koma maphunziro azachipatala samatsimikizira kuyimbaku. Shuga mu kapangidwe ka chakudya amachulukitsa glycemia (shuga m'magazi) osaposa muyeso wofanana ndi wowuma wa ma calories ndi kulemera. Chifukwa chake, maupangiri ogwiritsira ntchito matebulo sakukhutiritsa. glycemic index (GI) zogulitsa, makamaka popeza odwala ena omwe ali ndi T2DM ali ndi kutaya kwathunthu kapena kwakukulu kwa maswiti

Nthawi ndi nthawi, maswiti kapena keke yomwe idadyedwayo siyilola wodwala kuti azimva kuti ndi wopanda pake (makamaka popeza mulibe). Chofunika kwambiri kuposa zogulitsa za GI ndi chiwerengero chawo, mafuta azomwe amapezeka mkati mwake osagawanika kukhala osavuta komanso ovuta. Koma wodwalayo ayenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri cha tsiku lililonse, ndipo ndi madokotala okhawo omwe angayikemo zokhazokha, kutengera kupenda ndi kuwona. Mu shuga mellitus, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu m'zakudya kungachepe (mpaka 40% mu zopatsa mphamvu m'malo mwa nthawi zonse 55%), koma osati kutsika.

Masiku ano, ndikupanga mapulogalamu a mafoni, kulola kuti mudziwe zochulukirapo kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa chakudya mu chakudya chomwe mukufuna, kuchuluka kumeneku kungathe kuyikidwa mwachindunji magalamu, omwe amafunikira kuyesa kwa chinthu kapena mbale, kuwerenga cholembera (mwachitsanzo, kapu ya protein), Thandizo pazakudya za kampani yoperekera chakudya, kapena kudziwa za kulemera ndi kapangidwe kazakudya zamagulu pozindikira.

Khalidwe lofananalo tsopano, mutazindikira, ndizotheka kwanu, ndipo izi ziyenera kuvomerezedwa.

Chigoba cha mkate - ndi chiyani

Pakalembwe, nthawi ya iPhones isanachitike, njira ina yowerengera chakudya imapangidwa - kudzera m'magawo a mkate (XE), omwe amatchedwanso kuti chakudya chamagulu . Magawo a mikate yodwala matenda ashuga 1 adayambitsidwa kuti athe kuwunikira kuchuluka kwa insulini yomwe imafunikira pakuyamwa kwa chakudya. 1 XE imafunikira magawo awiri a insulini kuti agone m'mawa, 1.5 pa nkhomaliro, ndipo 1 madzulo okha. Kulowetsedwa kwa chakudya cham'madzi mu 1 XE kumawonjezera glycemia ndi 1.5-1.9 mmol / L.

Palibe tanthauzo lenileni la XE, timapereka matanthauzidwe angapo odziwika bwino. Gulu la mkate lidayambitsidwa ndi madotolo aku Germany, ndipo mpaka 2010 lidatanthauzidwa ngati kuchuluka kwa chinthu chomwe chimakhala ndi 12 g of digestible (ndipo potero zimawonjezera glycemia) zakudya zamafuta ndi shuga. Koma ku Switzerland XE idawonedwa kuti ili ndi 10 g yamafuta, ndipo m'maiko olankhula Chingerezi anali ma g 15. Kusagwirizana m'matanthauzidwewo kudapangitsa kuti kuyambira 2010 adavomerezedwa kuti asagwiritse ntchito lingaliro la XE ku Germany.

Ku Russia, akukhulupirira kuti 1 XE imafanana ndi 12 g ya chakudya chambiri, kapena 13 g yamafuta, poganizira michere yazakudya yomwe ili m'zinthuzo. Kudziwa kuchuluka kumeneku kumakupatsani mwayi woti mutanthauzire mosavuta (pang'ono m'mutu mwanu, makamaka pa Calculator yomwe yapangidwa mufoni iliyonse) XE kukhala magalamu a chakudya ndi zinthu zina.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati mudadya 190 g ya persimmon yokhala ndi chakudya chodziwika bwino cha 15,9%, mumamwa 15.9 x 190/100 = 30 g wama chakudya, kapena 30/12 = 2.5 XE. Momwe mungaganizire XE, mpaka chakhumi chapafupi kwambiri, kapena kuzungulira kwa onse - mukuganiza. M'magawo onse awiri, "pafupifupi" patsiku lotsala lidzachepetsedwa.

"Matenda a shuga ndi matenda opha, pafupifupi 2 miliyoni amafa chaka chilichonse!" Mafunso ndi dokotala

Kuchuluka kwa XE yomwe idakonzekera tsikulo kuyenera kugawidwa moyenera malinga ndi zakudya ndikupewa "zokhwasula" pakati pawo. Mwachitsanzo, ndi "chizolowezi" tsiku lililonse la 17-18 XE (kwa odwala matenda ashuga, madokotala amalimbikitsa mpaka 15-20 XE patsiku), ayenera kugawidwa motere:

• kadzutsa 4 XE,
• nkhomaliro 2 XE,
• nkhomaliro 4-5 XE,
• nkhomaliro masana 2 XE,
• chakudya chamadzulo 3-4 XE,
• "Asanagone" 1-2 XE.

Mulimonsemo, simuyenera kudya zoposa 6-7 XE pachakudya chimodzi. Ngakhale keke yapa biscuit yolemera 100 g ikukwanira pamenepa. Ndi kuchuluka kwa XE kosiyanasiyana, magawo omwe aperekedwa mwachitsanzo cha XE pakati pa zakudya ayenera kuwonedwa.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chakudya chopezeka m'matumbo sichimapezeka muzakudya zokha, komanso zamkaka (monga mkaka wa shuga - lactose). Pali chakudya chambiri mu tchizi ndi tchizi chokoleti (zimasandulika kukhala Whey panthawi yopanga) ndipo XE yazogulitsazi nthawi zambiri siziganizira, komanso XE ya zinthu zopangidwa ndi nyama (pokhapokha ngati soseji sizikhala ndi wowuma), zomwe zimaloleza kuwerengera mtengo wawo mu XE .

Matani ambiri okhala ndi mkate umodzi

Thandizo lofunikira pakuwerengetsa XE lingaperekedwe ndi matebulo ophatikizidwa mwapadera a kuchuluka kwa zinthu mu 1 XE (mosiyana ndi magome a chakudya chamagulu mu zopangira). Chifukwa chake, ngati tebulo likuwonetsa kuti 1 XE ili ndi kapu ya kefir, izi ndizomwe muyenera kuganizira nokha chakudya chomaliza masana - kapu ya kefir "asanagone" (kwenikweni maola 1-1.5 musanagone).

Pansipa pali magome ofanana am'magulu ogulitsira komanso ngakhale zofunikira za munthu kapena zofuulira, pomwe kuwonjezera pakuwonetsa kulemera kwazinthuzo, kuchuluka kwake mu zidutswa kapena kuchuluka kwake (m'magalasi, supuni kapena supuni) ndizowonjezeranso.

Zinthu zophika buledi, ufa ndi chimanga

Insulin: Kodi magazi amadziwika bwanji? Tebulo lamtengo wapatali la amuna, akazi ndi ana

Ndipo tebulo lomwe lili pansipa likuwonetsa kulemera kwa zokongoletsa za masiku onse zophikira nyama, chimanga, zinthu zophikika, zakumwa ndi zomwe zili mu XE gawo limodzi (chidutswa).

Kuti zitha kukhala zosavuta kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kuti athe kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, muwerengere bwino kuchuluka kwa jakisoni wa insulini komanso zopatsa mphamvu zamafuta zili ndi zida zapadera zamkate zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zakudya zaku Germany.

Kuwerengera magawo a mkate kumakupatsani mwayi wowongolera kuchuluka kwa glycemia mu mtundu 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 matenda a shuga, kusintha matendawa ndi lipid metabolism, kapangidwe koyenera ka menyu kwa odwala kumathandizira kulipirira matendawa, ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta.

Kodi gawo limodzi la mkate lofanana, momwe mungasinthire chakudya champhamvu kukhala mtengo wofunikira komanso momwe mungawerengere mtundu wa 1 ndikulemba mtundu wa 2 shuga, kuchuluka kwa insulini kuyenera kuyamwa 1 XE? XE imodzi imafanana ndi 10 g wamafuta, osakhala ndi michere yazakudya ndi 12 g poganizira zinthu zoyipa. Kudya 1 unit kumapangitsa kuchuluka kwa glycemia ndi 2.7 mmol / L; magawo 1.5 a insulin amafunikira kuti amwe magazi.

Kukhala ndi lingaliro lazakudya zambiri zomwe zili ndi XE, mutha kupanga zakudya zabwino zatsiku ndi tsiku, kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kuti muchepetse shuga. Mutha kusiyanitsa menyu momwe mungathere, zinthu zina zimasinthidwa ndi zina zomwe zimakhala ndi zofananira.

Momwe mungawerengere magawo a buledi a mtundu 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 shuga, kodi amaloledwa kudya kangati patsiku la XE? Gawo limafanana ndi chidutswa chimodzi cha mkate wolemera 25. Zizindikiro zamafuta ena azakudya zimapezeka pagome la magawo a mkate, omwe amayenera kukhala nthawi zonse odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 kapena mtundu wa 2.

Odwala amaloledwa kudya 18-25 XE patsiku, kutengera kulemera kwathunthu kwa thupi, kuchuluka kwa ntchito zolimbitsa thupi. Chakudya chizikhala chopindika, muyenera kudya mpaka kasanu patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Chakudya cham'mawa, muyenera kudya 4 XE, ndipo pakudya nkhomaliro, chakudya chamadzulo chisakhale chopitilira 1-2, chifukwa masana munthu amawononga mphamvu zambiri. Kupitilira 7 XE pa chakudya sikuloledwa. Ngati kuli kovuta kukana maswiti, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kuwadya m'mawa kapena musanasewere masewera.

Zakumwa zoledzeretsa

Zakumwa zoledzeretsa komanso zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndizoletsedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Izi zimapangitsa kuchepa kwambiri pamlingo wa glycemia, womwe ungayambitse chikomokere, chifukwa munthu amene wafika kuledzera sangapereke thandizo pa nthawi yake.

Mphemba zopepuka komanso zamphamvu zimakhala ndi 0,3 XE pa 100 g.

Ndikofunikira kwa odwala matenda a shuga kuti aziwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, zopatsa mphamvu za caloric, motero ndikofunikira kuwerengera XE. Kuphwanya malamulo okhudzana ndi kadyedwe, kusayang'anira zakudya kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa. Mavuto osiyanasiyana amakula mbali ya mtima, yam'mimba, yamanjenje komanso yam'mimba. Hyperglycemia imatha kuyambitsa kukomoka, komwe kumayambitsa kulumala kwa odwala kapena kufa.

Chipinda cha mkate (XE) ndi muyeso womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu muzakudya zamagulu odwala matenda ashuga. 1 unit ndi 10-12 gr. chakudya cham'mimba, 25 gr. buledi. Chigawo chimodzi chimapereka kuwonjezeka kwa glycemia pafupifupi 1.5-2 mmol / L.

Wodwala amafunikira kuti azisunga zakudya zomwe zili ndi zakudya zamagalimoto ndipo kumbukirani kuti ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimapangaangu mwachangu (shuga, maswiti) ndi zomwe (wowuma, fiber) zimakweza misempha ya magazi.