Mu 2018, Russia iyesa tekinoloje yatsopano yochizira matenda ashuga

Purezidenti wa Russian Federation adauza boma kuti lilingalire zakonza njira zoyeserera zachipatala ndi zikhalidwe. Chifukwa chake, akuyenera kuzindikira milandu yomwe kulumala kudzakhazikitsidwa kwamuyaya pakubwera koyamba, kuloledwa kusintha pulogalamu yokonzanso popanda kuunikiranso gulu kapena nthawi, komanso kusinthana zikalata zofunika kwa madokotala popanda kutenga nawo mbali wodwalayo.

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Ngati muwerenga izi, mutha kuzindikira kuti inu kapena okondedwa anu mukudwala matenda ashuga.

Tinachita kafukufuku, tinaphunzira zambiri za zida ndipo koposa zonse tinayang'ana njira ndi mankhwala ambiri a shuga. Chigamulochi ndi motere:

Ngati mankhwalawa onse akaperekedwa, zinali zotsatira zosakhalitsa, atangomaliza kudya, matendawa amakula kwambiri.

Mankhwala okhawo omwe adapereka chofunikira ndi kusiyana.

Pakadali pano, awa ndiye mankhwala okhawo omwe amachiritsiratu matenda ashuga. Makamaka machitidwe amphamvu a Kusiyanitsa adawonetsa koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga.

Tidafunsa Unduna wa Zaumoyo:

Ndipo kwa owerenga tsamba lathu lino mwayi
khalani ndi kusiyana ZAULERE!

Yang'anani! Milandu yogulitsa mankhwalawa yabodza Kusiyanako kwakhala komweko.
Mukayika lamulo pogwiritsa ntchito maulalo pamwambapa, mumatsimikiziridwa kuti mudzalandira chida kuchokera kwa wopanga. Kuphatikiza apo, mukafuna kuyitanitsa pa tsamba lovomerezeka, mumalandira chitsimikizo cha kubweza (kuphatikizapo ndalama zoyendera) ngati mankhwalawo alibe.

Mu 2018, Russia iyesa tekinoloje yatsopano yochizira matenda ashuga

Minister of Health Veronika Skvortsova adati mchaka cha 2018 ku Russia ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje a m'manja pochiza matenda ashuga, omwe pambuyo pake amalola kusiya jakisoni wa insulin.

Atatenga nawo gawo pamsonkhano wapadziko lonse wa WHO wokhudza matenda osapatsirana, wamkulu wa Unduna wa Zaumoyo adafunsa a Izvestia pachitukuko cha mankhwala mdziko lathu. Makamaka, inali yokhudza nkhondo yolimbana ndi matenda ashuga. Skvortsova atafunsidwa za njira zatsopano zothanirana ndi matendawo, anati: “Njira zamakono zopangira matenda ashuga. Titha kusintha ma cell a pancreatic omwe amapanga insulini. Amadziphatikiza ndi matendawa ndipo amayamba kupanga mahomoniwo. ”

Undunawu adatsimikiza kuti ngakhale si funso limodzi lokhalo la mankhwalawa, lomwe limachotsa kwathunthu kufunika kwa kubayirira insulin mwa odwala. "Pali ntchito yofunika kuichita: zimavutabe kumvetsetsa poyesa kuti maselo awa akhala nthawi yayitali bwanji. Mwina ndi momwemo, ”adanenanso.

Ngakhale ngati mukufunikira kulandira chithandizo mosakayikira, izi ndizothandiza kwambiri pochiza matenda a shuga, motero tiwunika nkhani zina pamutuwu ndikukudziwitsani.

Ngati muwerenga izi, mutha kuzindikira kuti inu kapena okondedwa anu mukudwala matenda ashuga.

Tinachita kafukufuku, tinaphunzira zambiri za zida ndipo koposa zonse tinayang'ana njira ndi mankhwala ambiri a shuga. Chigamulochi ndi motere:

Ngati mankhwalawa onse akaperekedwa, zinali zotsatira zosakhalitsa, atangomaliza kudya, matendawa amakula kwambiri.

Chithandizo chokhacho chomwe chapereka zotsatira zabwino ndi Dianormil.

Pakadali pano, awa ndiye mankhwala okhawo omwe amachiritsiratu matenda ashuga. Dianormil adawonetsa chidwi chachikulu magawo a shuga.

Tidafunsa Unduna wa Zaumoyo:

Ndipo kwa owerenga tsamba lathu lino mwayi
khalani ndi dianormil ZAULERE!

Yang'anani! Milandu yogulitsa Dianormil yabodza tsopano.
Mukayika lamulo pogwiritsa ntchito maulalo pamwambapa, mumatsimikiziridwa kuti mudzalandira chida kuchokera kwa wopanga. Kuphatikiza apo, mukafuna kuyitanitsa pa tsamba lovomerezeka, mumalandira chitsimikizo cha kubweza (kuphatikizapo ndalama zoyendera) ngati mankhwalawo alibe.

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine omwe amasokoneza kagayidwe kazakudya, ziwalo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse m'matumbo amunthu zimasokonekera, ziwalo zamkati zimavutika, zovuta zazikulu zimayambika chifukwa cha matenda amkati a maso, mtima, mitsempha komanso ma genitourinary system.

Asayansi ochokera padziko lonse lapansi alibe ntchito ndipo akuchita zoyesayesa zambiri kuti apange mankhwala omwe angapulumutse anthu ku nthenda yowopsa iyi, yomwe imatenga anthu mamiliyoni chaka chilichonse.

Mu 2018, gulu lochita kafukufuku la endocrinologists ochokera ku chipatala ku Cincinnati (USA) ndi Yokohama State University of Japan adachita bwino popanga njira yatsopano yothandizira matenda a shuga. Asayansi sanapange mankhwala atsopano omwe amayenera kumwa tsiku lililonse pamankhwala a insulin. Iwo adalowera patali ndikupeza njira yokonza minyewa yowonongeka.

Zigawo zapadera za kapamba, zomwe zimatchedwa islets of Langerhans, zimayambitsa kuphatikizidwa kwa insulin ndi thupi laumunthu, lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi kagayidwe kazachilengedwe ndi kuphulika kwa mamolekyulu a shuga kukhala mphamvu ya chakudya. Pamene minofu yathupi iyimitsa kupanga mahomoni, pamakhala kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuwoneka ndi zofananira. Malinga ndi zotsatira za mayeso, munthu amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga ndikusintha kwa mankhwalawo.

Asayansi omwe adathetsa vuto la matenda a shuga, adayesa, chomwe chinali zotsatirazi:

1. Mwapadera labu, ma islets a Langerhans adakulidwa kuchokera ku stem cell.
2. Tizilombo tosinthika ta glandular tidasinthidwa kukhala mbewa zoyeserera zomwe zidwala matenda a shuga 1.
3. Nyama zomwe zimachitidwa opaleshoni kuti ziwonjezeke zina mwa zikondwererozo zimayang'anitsidwanso ndipo zimayang'aniridwa ndi asayansi nthawi zonse.

Zotsatira za labotale zimaposa zoyembekezera zonse. Pancreatic islets itazolowera tiziwalo tambiri ta kapamba ndipo chamoyo chogwiritsa ntchito poyesa mbewa idayamba kupanga payekha insulin, ndikukhalabe wolimba wamagazi m'magazi.

ZOCHITIKA 10 MU 2018 MU T1D EXCHANGE

Msika wa T1D udazindikiritsa omaliza khumi omwe adapereka zatsopano mu chisamaliro cha matenda ashuga mu 2018. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa momwe zopanga za telemedicine zimathandizira kusintha mkhalidwe wa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.

Chifukwa chake, pa Epulo 24, 2018, mpikisano wokonzedwa ndi T1D unachitika, womwe umawunikira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zaumoyo komanso za telemedicine kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Gulu lakufufuza lopanda phindu la Boston lidawulula omaliza omaliza a 10 2018 omaliza. Adalengezedwa kuti "Mpikisano wa Padziko Lonse Lonse Kuzindikiritsa ndi Kupititsa patsogolo Chidziwitso cha Sayansi ndi Zachipatala cha Matenda a shuga," imapereka $ 250,000 ndi chidziwitso chothandizira pakupanga zinthu kwa anthu angapo.

"Tikuwona njira yatsopano yothandizira chithandizo cha matenda ashuga ngati njira yofunika kuyendetsera malingaliro abwino pakupita patsogolo ndi kupatsidwa upangiri, kuzindikira matenda, mwina, ngakhale chithandizo cha vuto limodzi mwamankhwala lomwe tikukumana nalo," adatero. Dana Ball, mkulu wotsogola komanso woyambitsa T1D Exchange, pomwe mpikisano udayambitsidwa mu 2016. "Kufunika kwa njira zatsopano zothandizira odwala komanso kupewa mavuto kuti anthu asakhale ndi matenda ashuga komanso kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a mtima, matenda a impso, khungu komanso kuduladuka sikungadalitsike."

Wogawidwa m'magulu anayi, mpikisanowu ukuwonetsa momwe matekinoloje atsopano azachipatala a digito amagwiritsidwira ntchito kuthandiza anthu pafupifupi 1.25 miliyoni aku America omwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba.

Zida zopangira insulin kapena kapamba wochita kupanga amapangidwira iwo. Zipangizo zamankhwala zam'manja zitha kusintha kapamba, womwe umalowa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 ndipo samatulutsa insulini yofunikira kuti apulumuke. Matekinoloje omwe amathandizira kuthana ndi glucose, magalimoto operekera insulin, komanso matekinoloje pama cellular amagwera m'gululi.

Akatswiri omaliza amtundu umodzi akupanga zida zoyendera payokha komanso matenda a shuga omwe amatsata kapamba wabwino. Chida choterechi ndi chowongolera chowonjezera, chosasunthika, chothandizira bendi chomwe chimagwira ngati pampu ndikuwonetsetsa kutumiza kwa mankhwalawa kangapo mtengo wotsika mtengo. Kukula kwina: Micromedics ndi kapamba wochita kunyamula. Microtechnology imalola chipangizocho kuti chilingalire kapamba.

Gulu lachiwiri ndi kuzindikira matenda ashuga. Uku ndikokula kwa mayeso otsika mtengo otsika mtengo pazofufuza ndi kuwunika, kuzindikira koyambirira ndi kupewa. Kuyesedwa kumawonetsa autoantibodies, c-peptides ndi zothandizira zina kuti adziwe zovuta za matenda ashuga. Omaliza matendawa anali a Bonbouton, akugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo kuti azindikire zomwe zingayambitse zilonda zam'miyendo ndikudulanso zolakwika kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Wosankhidwa wachiwiri adayambitsa matekinoloje a malingaliro a VOTIS ofunikira kuti azithandiza kusamalira miyendo.

Gawo lachitatu limaphatikizapo njira zamankhwala zochokera ku ma insulini anzeru, glucagon, immunomodulatingapy, kubwezeretsa khungu kwa beta komanso kuchiza zovuta za matenda ashuga.

Omaliza malembedwe a tekinoloje ya Protomer, omwe anayambitsa chipangizo chomwe chimayeza shuga. Silimangofunika gawo lalikulu, komanso jekeseni wa glucagon ngati kuli kotheka. Mgulu lino, maphunziro a mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala othandizira pakamwa pochizira matenda amtundu wa 2 posankha kuchepetsa mafuta amthupi adafotokozedwa. Asayansi ochokera ku Yunivesite ya Kumwera kwa California akufuna kuti chipangizo chiziyeza ndi kuyeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'mitsempha ya m'maso, kupewa khungu - vuto lalikulu la matenda ashuga.

Gawo lachinayi, kukula kwa matekinoloje azithandizo zamatenda, amaperekedwa m'njira zatsopano komanso zosintha zogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje azidziwitso ndi othandizira othandizira chithandizo cha matenda ashuga. Omaliza kumaliza awiriwa ndi awa: Capillary Biomedical, yomwe ikugwira ntchito yopanga pofewa, yodula panjira. Wachiwiri womaliza: Sensors Yophatikiza Yophatikiza, yomwe ikupanga sensor ya glucose yamasiku 30 yopanda waya yomwe ikhoza kuyikidwa ndi wodwalayo.

"Mpikisano wazaka uno amasiyanitsidwa ndi anthu ambiri, makamaka ntchito ya omaliza. Ndizabwino, "atero a Jay More, Purezidenti ndi CEO wa Dirigo Therapeutics komanso membala wa T1D Exchange Board, posachedwa ndi atolankhani. "Ndife okondwa kupatsa ophunzirawo mwayi wopititsa patsogolo malingaliro awo ndikuwonetsa kuyesetsa kwawo kukwaniritsa zofunikira za anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga."

Zofunsira nawo nawo mpikisanowu zidatumizidwa ndi magulu pafupifupi 60 ophunzira ndi makampani achichepere ochokera mayiko 17. Gulu la akatswiri lidachepetsa mndandandawu kukhala omaliza kumapeto kwa 30 asanasankhe omaliza 10 kuti afotokoze malingaliro awo pagawo losankhidwa lamasewera pamsonkhano wapagulu pa Meyi 21 ku Royal Sonesta Boston ku Cambridge, Massachusetts. Kenako opambana pagawo lililonse adzalengezedwa - pamodzi ndi wopambana mphotho ya "Audience Choice" yomwe yasankhidwa pakuvota pamzere.

Izi zikuthandizidwa ndi Leona M. ndi Harry B. Helmsley Charable Foundation, the Ana Diabetes Research Foundation, American Diabetes Association, Eli Lilly ndi Company, ndi Lexicon Pharmaceuticals.

Asayansi kuzungulira padziko lonse lapansi akufunafuna njira zabwino zochizira matenda ashuga. Ndipo mu Epulo 2018 kuchokera ku Institute of Development Biology yotchedwa pambuyo N.K. Koltsova ndiye adabwera wabwino. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, asayansi aku Russia adakwanitsa kupanga ma cell a gland cell kuti apange insulini. Ndi zotsatira zabwino za maphunziro oyamba, mayeso pa odzipereka ayamba chaka chamawa.

Kukhalapo kwa thupi lathu ndikosatheka popanda kulowa kwa glucose mu selo iliyonse. Izi zimachitika pokhapokha ngati pali insulin ya mahomoni. Amalumikizana ndi cholumikizira chapadera ndikuthandizira molekyu ya glucose kulowa mkati. Ma cell a pancreatic amapanga insulin. Amatchedwa maselo a beta ndipo amasonkhanitsidwa m'misukulu.

Ma glucagon amakhudzanso kusinthana kwa shuga. Amapangidwanso ndi ma cell a pancreatic, koma amakhala ndi zotsutsana. Glucagon amadzutsa shuga m'magazi.

Matenda a shuga ndi amitundu iwiri. Mtundu woyamba, insulin siipangidwa konse. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa autoimmune m'maselo a beta. Chifukwa cha izi, glucose onse amayenda m'magazi, koma osalowa mu minofu. Matenda amtunduwu amakhudza ana ndi achinyamata.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, insulin imapangidwa. Komabe, ma receptor omwe amapezeka pamwamba pa maselo amataya chidwi chawo ndi mahomoni. Kulumikizana kwa insulini ku cholandirira sikuti chizindikiritso cha kulowa kwa glucose mu cell. Zotsatira zake zimakhalanso ndi njala ya minofu ndi shuga wamagazi owonjezera. Matendawa ndiofala pakati pa anthu opitirira 40 omwe onenepa kwambiri.

Cholinga chachikulu ndicho kuchepetsa magazi. Zimatengera zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo kulemera kwa thupi. Kutalika kwake, kumtunda kumakhala kudya shuga m'magazi ndikatha kudya.

Chotsatira chabwino chitha kupezeka mwa kuchepa thupi. Pali nthawi zina pamene wodwala yemwe wapezeka ndi matenda adatsata mosamalitsa zakudya ndikuchepetsa thupi. Izi zinali zokwanira kukhazikika kwachilengedwe kwamisempha yamagazi ndi kusiya mankhwala.

Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga 2 amayamba ndi mapiritsi. Metformin yoyambirira yoyambirira, ngati kuli kotheka, mulumikizeni mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la sulfonylurea. Posachedwa, magulu awiri azachipatala atsopano ayambika.

Gulu loyamba ndi mankhwala a glyphlozin gulu. Limagwirira awo zochita zachokera kuwonjezeredwa kwa shuga mu mkodzo. Izi zimabweretsa kutsika magazi. Zotsatira zake, kupanga insulin ndi maselo ake a beta amayamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali glyphlozines kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa odwala ambiri.

Mankhwala othandiza, mankhwala a gululi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kale. The yogwira ndi dapagliflozin. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a mzere wachiwiri ndikusagwira bwino kwa chithandizo cha chikhalidwe.

Gulu lachiwiri ndi ma incretin mimetics, ndiye kuti, zinthu zomwe zimatsutsana nawo. Ma insretins ndi mahomoni apadera omwe amapangidwa ndi maselo a khoma lamatumbo atatha kudya. Amathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose mukatha kudya. Mu matenda a shuga, kubisala kwawo kwachilengedwe kumachepetsedwa. Chofunika kwambiri mwa iwo ndi glucagon-peptide (GLP-1).

Pali magulu awiri m'gulu lino.Gulu limodzi limatulutsa ma enzyme omwe amawononga ma insretin awo. Chifukwa chake, zochita za mahomoni awa zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa masiku onse. Mankhwalawa amatchedwa glyptins.

Zili ndi zotsatirazi:

1. Yambitsani kupanga kwa insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, izi zimachitika pokhapokha kuchuluka kwa glucose kukwera kuposa pamimba yopanda kanthu.
2. Pondani chinsinsi cha glucagon ya mahomoni, omwe amachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
3. Phatikizani kuchulukitsa kwa maselo a beta a kapamba.

Njira zonsezi zimayambitsa kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi. M'dziko lathu, mankhwala omwe ali ndi yogwira chinthu sitagliptin, vildagliptin ndi saxagliptin adalembetsa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kale ndi ma endocrinologists ngati mankhwala a mzere wachiwiri.

Gulu lina ndi agonists a GLP-1 receptors. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amachita ngati glucagon-like peptide receptors ndikutsanzira mphamvu zake. Kuphatikiza pa zotsatira zazikulu, amachepetsa kuchotsa m'mimba ndi matumbo. Zimathandizanso kuchepa kwa shuga wamagazi komanso kuchepa kwa chilakolako cha kudya. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mosalekeza kumapangitsa kuti muchepetse thupi.

Mankhwala amodzi okha a gululi amaperekedwa pamsika waku Russia. Zake zogwira ntchito ndi exenatide, zimapezeka mwanjira yothetsera jakisoni. Komabe, mankhwalawa sankagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha mtengo wapamwamba.

Masiku ano, opaleshoni ya bariatric ikuchulukirachulukira. Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga pankhaniyi chimatsikira kunkhondo yolimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri pakuchita opareshoni. M'dziko lathu, njira ngati imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. 70% ya zochitika zoterezi zimachitika ku Moscow. Chinsinsi cha kulowererapo ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa m'mimba kapena kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa matumbo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti muchepetse kuchepa thupi, matendawa amasavuta kapena amachira kwathunthu.

Kuyesedwa kwa odwala otere zaka zisanu atatha kulowererapo kunawonetsa kuti gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatuwo linachotsa matendawa, ndipo wina mwa atatuwo adachotsa insulini.

Ndi mitundu yonse yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala ndi njira zatsopano, maziko a chithandizo cha matenda a shuga ndikuwonetsetsa kuti dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito yake komanso kuti azidziyang'anira pawokha.

Mwachikhalidwe, matenda a shuga a 1 amathandizidwa ndikuyambitsa insulin kuchokera kunja. Ndizosavuta kuchita izi mothandizidwa ndi pampu ya insulin, yomwe imakhala pansi pakhungu nthawi zonse. Izi zitha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa jakisoni.

Koma chithandizo cha insulin sichimakupulumutsani ku zovuta. Monga lamulo, amakula ndi matenda nthawi yayitali zaka makumi angapo. Uwu ndi zotupa za impso, maso, mitsempha ya mitsempha. Mavuto amachepetsa kwambiri moyo ndipo amatha kudwala.

Njira yatsopanoyi ikukhudzana ndi chithandizo cha ma cell. Asayansi anakakamiza maselo a gland kuti apange insulin. Nthawi zina, amakhala ndi mahomoni ochepa.

Kuyesaku kunachitika pa makoswe momwe matenda a shuga anapangidwira. Poyesererapo, maselo amtundu wathunthu ankayang'aniridwa mwa nyama ndi kutukuka pansi mwapadera. Nthawi yomweyo, adakhala ndi mwayi wopanga insulini yofanana ndi ya cell ya beta ya kapamba. Kuchuluka kwake kunadalira kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, monga zimachitika mwa munthu wathanzi. Kenako maselo amenewa analowetsedwa m'mimba.

Pambuyo kanthawi, adapezeka mu zikondamoyo za nyama zoyesera. Palibe maselo otseguka m'mimba omwe amapezeka mu ziwalo zina zam'mimba. Miyezi ya shuga ya m'magazi inatsika msanga. Ndiye kuti, poyesa, chithandizo cha matenda ashuga omwe anali ndi njirayi adachita bwino.

Ndibwino chifukwa maselo ake omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mosiyana ndi kuperekera minofu yaopereka, zochita zakukana sizimadzilekanitsa konse. Palibe chiopsezo chotupa chotupa chomwe asayansi amawona akamagwira ntchito ndi masentimita am'mimba.

Zomwe zimapangidwazo zikuwonetseredwa padziko lonse lapansi. Tanthauzo la zomwe apezazi ndizovuta kuzikhulupirira. Zimapatsa chiyembekezo kupangitsa mtundu woyamba wa shuga kukhala matenda ochiritsika.

Ku Russia, adapanga maselo olimbana ndi matenda ashuga

MOSCOW, Feb 22 - RIA News. Ku Russia, maselo opanga insulin adapangidwa omwe angathandize kulimbana ndi matenda ashuga, Mtumiki wa Zaumoyo Veronika Skvortsova adatero pa Msonkhano Wodabwitsa ku Russia.

"M'malo mwake, tili kale mu nthawi yomwe titha kupanga zofanana ndi ziwalo ndi maumunthu a ma cell kuchokera pamatumbo amtumbo ... Takhazikitsa urethra wodziyambitsa, tapanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Tili ndi njira zopangira khungu lopangidwa, ndi khungu lotuwa, ngati munthu wamoyo weniweni ... Zachidziwikire, chochitika china ndikupanga maselo opanga insulini, omwe, akaphatikizidwa m'magazi a munthu wodwala matenda a shuga a 2, ndiye kuti amakhalanso chithandizo chamankhwala, "adatero Skvortsova.

Mu Okutobala 2017, minisita adalengeza kuti mchaka chikubwerachi, odwala aku Russia azidziwa bwino ma tekinoloje a m'manja pochiza matenda ashuga, omwe mtsogolomo awalola kusiya jakisoni wokhazikika wa insulin.

MIA "Russia Masiku ano" ndi amene amathandizanso pa tsambali.

Mu 2050, matenda ashuga adzakhala lingaliro chabe

Magazi okoma

Pofika chaka cha 2050, matenda ashuga sadzakhalanso oopsa kuposa kuwola kwa mano lero. Chithandizo cha jeni, kapamba wochita kupanga, komanso maselo ochita kukonzanso a chiwindi amapangidwa kuti amenyane ndi mdani yemwe munthu angagonjetse payekha.

Chiwerengero cha odwala matenda ashuga padziko lonse lapansi kwazaka zopitilira 30 chakwera pafupifupi kotala iliyonse. Zimanenedweratu kuti mu 1030, m'modzi mwa akulu khumi adzadwala matenda a shuga. Ndipo nthawi yomweyo, ambiri odwala adwala chifukwa sanadzikane okha zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopanda thanzi.

Komabe, chifukwa cha sayansi, atha kupitiliza kudya mosasamala - ngakhale masiku ano shuga imatha kuwongoleredwa, osalola zovuta kuti zikhale. Ndipo ngati mankhwala akupitilizidwa kupangidwira mofanananso ndi masiku ano, ndiye kuti mu 2050 shuga adzakhala lingaliro lokhumudwitsa.

Ma mamolekyulu owonjezera

Matenda a shuga amakula pamene zida za glucose zimayamba kugwera mthupi. Zakudya zomanga thupi kuchokera ku ayisikilimu, mbatata ndi chakudya china chilichonse chimasweka kukhala mamolekyulu osavuta a shuga. Chofunika kwambiri cha iwo ndi glucose, mafuta osafunikira pantchito ya ubongo, minofu ndi minyewa ina. Nthawi zambiri, matumbo akangolowa m'magazi, glucose amaperekedwa mwachangu ku maselo omwe amafunikira. Koma popanda insulini, maselo amakhala ndi njala ndipo sadzatha kutenga molekyu imodzi ya shuga, ngakhale magazi atasanduka madzi.

1889 chaka. Kupezeka kwa mgwirizano pakati pa kapamba ndi malamulo a shuga.

1922 chaka. Jakisoni woyamba wa insulin wopatulidwa ndi kapamba wa ng'ombe

1923 chaka. Mphoto ya Nobel yopeza insulini komanso kupanga njira yodziyeretsera.

1952 chaka. Metformin, mankhwala oyamba a matenda a shuga a 2, atsimikiziridwa kuti ndi othandiza.

1958 chaka. Mphoto ya Nobel posankha mawonekedwe a insulin.

1978 chaka. Kupanga mabakiteriya osinthika mwabadwa omwe amapanga insulin yaumunthu.

1993 chaka. Kufufuza njira ya chitukuko cha zovuta chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga.

2006 chaka. Chiyambitsi chogulitsa mwachangu pakupanga mapampu a insulin otomatiki.

Chaka cha 2013. Chithandizo chaku Gene akuti akufuna kuchiza matenda amtundu wa shuga 1 agalu.

2020: Pampu za insulin zokha.

2030 chaka. Mankhwala amapangidwa kuti aletse kuwonongeka kwa khungu la autoimmune.

2040 chaka. Tekinoloje yam'manja idzabwezera mwachangu dziwe la beta cell.

2050 chaka. Zikondamoyo za anthu zimakula.

Kasitomala amatulutsa insulini, ndipo ngati pazifukwa zina maselo ake sangatulutse kuchuluka kwamahomoni, ndiye kuti munthu amayamba kudwala matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba. Ngati mahomoni apangidwa, koma maselo amasiya kumva, ndiye kuti akukamba za matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. M'magawo onsewa, maselo samalandira mphamvu, ndipo glucose imadziunjikira m'magazi. Shuga wambiri amabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa za matenda ashuga. Ma molekyulu a glucose ochulukirapo amamangiriza mapuloteni omwe amapanga zigoba zamitsempha yamagazi, ndipo pamapeto pake amawawononga: makhoma amataya kusinthasintha, ndikuwunika kwa chotengera kumatsika. Zaka zingapo osalandira chithandizo - ndipo magazi ku ziwalo zonse amasokonezeka. Kuti apulumutse thupi kuti lisawonongeke, insulin imalowetsedwa mwa odwala, ndipo muyezo umayenera kuwerengedwa kutengera kuchuluka kwa glucose omwe walowa m'thupi. Ma hormone oyambitsidwa amathandizira maselo kutenga shuga m'magazi, kupewa glucose kuti asakhazikike pamitsempha.

Mtundu woyamba wa shuga

Matendawa amapezeka nthawi zambiri chitetezo cha mthupi chitayamba ndikuyamba kulimbana ndi maselo am'mimba omwe amapanga insulin, amatchedwa maselo a beta. Osachepera nthawi zina, matendawa amabadwa, ndipo zizindikiro zoyambirira zimawonekera ndili mwana. Asayansi apanga njira zingapo zothanirana ndi matenda.

Phunzitsani kusatetezeka

Chovuta chachikulu ndi "kukoka" chitetezo chathupi ndikuyimitsa maselo kuti asawononge kapamba, koma nthawi yomweyo osasokoneza kuthekera kwawo kulimbana ndi matenda, maselo a chotupa ndi adani ena amthupi. Zaka zaposachedwa, asayansi afika pothetsa vuto ili. Mwachitsanzo, akatswiri ochokera ku kampani yaku Sweden ya Dyamid Medical akukonzekera kuyesa mayesero azachipatala a katemera wa antidiabetesic. Zotsatira zomwe zidapezedwa kale pazinyama ndizodabwitsa: jakisoni imodzi imaletsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo a beta pafupifupi zaka zitatu.

Mankhwalawa ali ndi vuto limodzi: kuti athandizidwe, matenda ashuga ayenera kupezeka koyambirira, pomwe shuga wambiri sanachite ntchito yake yakuda. Nthawi zambiri pamayambiriro otere, odwala samakhala ndi chilichonse, ndipo ngakhale magazi ndi mkodzo wa mkodzo satukuka. Ngati matendawa ayambitsidwa pang'ono, katemera sangathandize.

Ikani Zida za Robot

Ma labotor ambiri masiku ano akufunafuna njira kuti asachiritse matenda ashuga, koma kuti moyo wawo ukhale wosavuta kwa iwo omwe akudwala kale. Ntchito yayikulu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti anthu sayenera kuganiza za kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mphindi iliyonse. Njira yodziwikiratu ndikusintha kapamba ndi wochita kupanga. Chiwalo chamakina ndichosavuta: ndi pampu yomwe imalowetsa insulin m'magazi poyankha kusintha kwa glucose.

Vuto lalikulu ndi zitsanzo zomwe zili pamsika masiku ano ndizakuti sensor ya glucose sangathe kuphatikizidwa m'magazi popanda chiwopsezo cha kuundana kwa magazi. Zotsatira zake, gland yamakina imakhudzidwa pang'onopang'ono kuti isinthe m'magazi a shuga, komabe zimatenga nthawi kuti insulini igwire ntchito. Chiwalo chomangira chimagwira bwino munthu akagona kapena atangokhala, koma akadya, pampu imaleka kupilira.

"Ofufuzawo akupitiliza kupanga insulini yolimbirana mwachangu yomwe ingathandize kuti matumba azikhala odziyimira pawokha," atero a Aaron Kowalski, Mtsogoleri wadziko la American JDRF Foundation for Diabetes Research. - Tikuyembekeza kuti machitidwe omwe amapanga insulin okha adzapangidwa zaka 3-5 zikubwerazi. Mtsogolomo, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga 1 adzagwiritsa ntchito, koma izi zisanachitike. ”

Konzani chiwindi

Pancreas yatsopano ikhoza kukhala njira yabwino yothanirana ndi matenda ashuga, koma chilengedwe chake ndidakali nacho chamtsogolo. Tsopano ma labotore ambiri akugwira ntchito kukonza maselo amodzi. Mwachitsanzo, ofufuza ochokera ku Chaim Sheba Medical Center ku Israel akhala akuyesera kuti chiwindi chiziwonetsa kugwira ntchito kwa kapamba kwa zaka zopitilira khumi. Asayansi amayambitsa majini omwe amapanga ma cell a chiwindi omwe amachititsa kuti insulini ipangidwe. Izi pakokha sizovuta, nkovuta kwambiri kuphunzitsa maselo a chiwindi kuti apange insulin panthawi yoyenera komanso pamlingo woyenera. Pali zotsatira zoyesa zanyama, koma ndikadayamba kwambiri kusamutsira njirayi kwa anthu.

Njira ina ndikusinthika kwa maselo a beta kuchokera kwa opereka kwa odwala, komanso kutali ndi nyama. Kuteteza kupulumutsidwa, koma maselo achilendo kuti asawonongedwe ndi chitetezo cha mthupi, ofufuza adawaika mkati mwa ziwalo zapadera zoteteza. Kuphatikiza pa chigoba, kapisozi wopangidwa kuchokera ku nembanemba wotere amayenera kudutsa mofulumira shuga ndi insulini yopangidwa poyankha.

M'modzi mwa omwe amalimbikitsa izi, Pulofesa Emmanuel Opara wa Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, akuti: "Makoswe omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, omwe anali atawayika maselo a beta, timamva bwino pakuyesayesa kwathu kuposa kuti tangolowa jakisoni. Tikhulupirira kuti izi zimachitika chifukwa chopanga C-peptide ndi maselo oterewa, chinthu chopangidwa ndi insulin, chomwe chimaganiziridwa kuti chitha kupewa zovuta za matenda ashuga. Ngati tilandira ndalama zoyeserera zakale, ndiye kuti patatha zaka zitatu titha kuyesedwa. ”

Lowani mtundu womwe mukufuna

Njira zotsutsa kwambiri, komanso njira yolimbikitsira yochizira matenda amtundu wa 1 ndi chithandizo cha majini. Lingaliro ndilosavuta: yambitsani kachidutswa ka DNA m'maselo a wodwala, omwe amachititsa kuti insulini ipangidwe. Koma mukayesera kuchita izi, pamakhala zovuta zambiri: mwachitsanzo, ngati ma genetic adapangidwa molakwika, khungu limatha kukhala khansa. Kuphatikiza apo, maselo a GM ayenera kupanga kuchuluka kwa insulin nthawi iliyonse, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndikofunikanso kupanga njira yothandizira.

Komabe, ntchito mbali iyi ikukula. Mu 2013, Pulofesa Fatima Bosch ndi anzawo aku Autonomous University of Barcelona adafalitsa zotsatira za zaka 4 za agalu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, omwe maselo ake "achire" adayikidwa. Kwa zaka zinayi, nyamazo sizidalandire chithandizo china, koma zimatulutsa insulini ngati wathanzi. Pa kuyesa, asayansi sanawone zovuta za shuga. Olembawo safunsira kuti anthu agwiritse ntchito njirayi mwachangu, koma ali ndi chidaliro kuti chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta ngati mchitidwe wofufuza nyama.

Type 2 shuga

Matenda a shuga a Type 1, omwe asayansi amawakonda kwambiri, amapanga pafupifupi 10% ya milandu. 90% yotsala ndi mtundu wa shuga 2, womwe nthawi zambiri umakhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Chemistry yochepa ya calorie

Yuri Filippov, wogwira ntchito ku Endocrinology Research Center ku Moscow anati: “Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timadziwa bwino insulin. - Ubongo umatenga glucose m'magazi, ngakhale mulibe insulin konse, minofu ndi chiwindi sizikufuna zambiri, koma minofu ya adipose ndiyoogula wamkulu. Selo iliyonse yamafuta, kuti izitha kudzipatsa shuga, imadya insulin pafupifupi nthawi zana kuposa minofu. Pogwiritsa ntchito minofu yambiri ya adipose, kapamba amasiya kulimbana ndi katunduyo. Insulin sikokwanira, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumachulukirachulukira, ndipo izi ndizovulaza kwa ma cell a pancreatic okha, ndipo amayamba kufa. Ngati matendawa sakulamulidwa kumayambiriro koyambirira, ndiye kuti patatha zaka zochepa sizingatheke kukhala ndi shuga wamba popanda jakisoni wa insulin.

Inde, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2 umatengera chibadwa, koma kungokhala wolingana, mukamalemera kwambiri, kumakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu. ”

Matenda a shuga a Type 2 amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo atazindikira nthawi yake, amatha kuwongolera. Yuri Filippov akuwonjezera kuti: "Pali ziwonetsero zingapo kuti ku USA anthu odwala matenda a shuga a 2 amakhala ndi moyo zaka 5-7 kuposa omwe alibe matendawa, chifukwa amasamalira thanzi lawo," akuwonjezera motero Yuri Filippov. Pali mankhwala ambiri omwe amachepetsa magazi a glucose, ndipo amachita mosiyanasiyana. Mankhwala ena amalimbikitsa chidwi cha minyewa kupita ku insulin, ena amachulukitsa kapangidwe kake kapamba, ena amawonjezera kutulutsa kwa mkodzo mumkodzo kapena kutsutsana ndi glucagon, mahomoni omwe amalimbikitsa shuga m'magazi ndikamasula zomwe zimakhala mkati.

Koma njira yothandiza kwambiri yothandizira matenda a shuga a 2 ndikuchepetsa thupi. Kwa iwo omwe sakonzeka kusiya kudya kwambiri, ma caligie otsika-calorie a zinthu zovulaza adapangidwa. "Masiku ano, alowa m'malo ambiri a shuga ndi mafuta," akutero katswiri wazopanga zakudya Sergei Belkov. - Tchipisi chotere ndi chosavuta kupanga: CHIKWANGWANI chamafuta komanso chosasintha chosakhala chopatsa thanzi monga maziko, kulawa - cholowa m'malo mwa mafuta, kususuka ndi kununkhira. Izi sizokhudza mphindi zisanu, koma m'masiku ochepa mutha kupanga njira yabwino. Komabe, ogula amaopa umagwirira, makamaka chakudya, ndipo sagula zinthu ngati izi. ”

Pochiza matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, chilichonse chimadalira sayansi, ndipo matendawo ndi odalirika. Mwachiwonekere, mu 2020-2030 tidzakhala ndi kapamba wochita kupanga - pampu ya insulin yomwe ikhoza kupanga chisankho mosadalira kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa kubereka kwa mahomoni. Kenako pakubwera ziwalo zodziwika bwino zopangidwa mwaluso. Mofananamo, mankhwala adzapangidwa omwe amalepheretsa chitetezo cha mthupi kuukira kapamba, ndipo mankhwala am'mimba ndi amtundu adzakulira. Mwinanso, matekinoloje onsewa adzafunika kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga, chifukwa ndizosavuta kupanga kapamba wochita kupanga kwa anthu kusiyana ndi kusiya kudya ma hamburger. Komabe, pakusinthika kwa Homo sapiens, iwo amene amaganiza bwino, osati omwe adya pang'ono, adapindula.

1. 
   Boris, Moroz und Elena Khromova Opaleshoni yamafupa pantchito yamano kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo / Boris Moroz und Elena Khromova. - M: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2012 .-- 140 p.
2. 
   Akhmanov, Matenda a Mikhail. Nkhani Zaposachedwa / Mikhail Akhmanov. - M: Krylov, 2007 .-- 700 p.
3. 
   Shuga wa Kasatkina mu ana ndi achinyamata. Moscow, 1996.

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka pamalowo kuti athetse zovuta osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusayiti, kukambirana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.