Kuzindikira koyambira kapangidwe ka kapamba ndi mankhwala awo

Ziwerengero zachisoni zimawonedwa padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa odwala khansa. Ngati agogo athu aakazi amamva za khansa pafupipafupi, tsopano banja lililonse lachitatu lili ndi wachibale wake yemwe wapezeka ndi khansa. Kuzindikira kwa kusintha kwakuipa kwa kapamba kumachitika mu magawo omaliza a khansa, popeza nthawi yoyambirira matendawa ndi asymptomatic.

Pancreas ndi udindo wake

Thupi la gawo kwambiri limakhala ku dipatimenti ya exocrine mtundu. Apa kapangidwe ka ma enzyme omwe amalimbikitsa chimbudzi kumachitika - amatenga nawo mbali popanga madzi a m'mimba, omwe amatumizidwa ku duodenum. Njira zotupa pamalopo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osakhazikika. Izi zimabweretsa chakuti pali mawonekedwe apadera a kapamba omwe amapangitsidwa ndi kapamba.

Kudera la gland komwe mahomoni omwe amawongolera njira zama metabolic amapangidwa ndi amtundu wa endocrine. Mahomoni oterewa amaphatikizapo insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, polypeptide-pancreatic, ghrelin. Amatenga nawo mbali pakusinthana kwa glucose, kuwongolera kapangidwe ka tiziwala, kumakhudza kufunika kwa chakudya. Ngati matenda a m'mawonekedwe akuwonekera m'derali, kuchuluka kwa chakudya cham'magazi kumasokonezeka, ndipo zotupa zimayambitsa kukula kwakukulu kapena kuponderezana kwa kupanga kwa mahomoni.

Ndikofunikira. Zikondazo zimaphatikizapo magawo angapo - mutu, khosi, thupi ndi mchira. Ndi gawo loyamba lomwe mitundu yambiri imapangika.

Zokhudza matenda

Matenda a oncological nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kuzindikira, ndipo zomwe zimayambitsa sizimamveka bwino. Izi ndizowona chifukwa cha mawonekedwe omwe amapezeka mumutu wa kapamba. Chiwopsezo chowonekera matendawa chimawonjezeka chifukwa cha zifukwa zotsatirazi:

Khalidweli.
Kusuta fodya. Muli zinthu zambiri zamoto zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo a khansa apangidwe.
Pancreatitis mu mawonekedwe osakhazikika - imakhala chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa kayendedwe ka magazi ndi kagayidwe kazinthu pama cellular.
Kukalamba. Akuluakulu amakhala ndi vuto losavomerezeka mu chitetezo cha mthupi, chifukwa cha zomwe zilonda zoyipa zimachitika nthawi zambiri.
Matenda a shuga amapezeka pakadali pano. Chifukwa cha kufa kwa maselo a beta, maziko a chotupa amapezeka.
Kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsa kukhala kochititsa chidwi cha hyperlipidemia ndi hypercholesterolemia. Izi zimayambitsa pancreatic lipodystrophy.
Zakudya zosavomerezeka - zimabweretsa kuchulukitsa kwa England komanso kuchepa kwa enzymatic.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mizimu yambiri, komwe kumapangitsa kufa kwa magulu.

Mitundu ya zotupa zapamba

Focal pancreatic formations ikhoza kukhala yopanda pake komanso yopweteka. Zoyambazo zimadziwika ndi kudalirika kwakubwezeretsa kuchira, ngakhale kuti amafunikira kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Zotupa zoyipa zimatha kumera m'ziwalo zoyandikana ndikuwopseza moyo wa wodwalayo.

Zotupa za pancreatic zitha kugawidwa malinga ndi magulu otsatirawa:

epithelial
osagwirizana
zotupa za ma pancreatic islets:
mtundu wa lymphoid
metatstatic
kusakaniza
ena.

Mitundu ya zotupa

Mu kapamba, ma neoplasms angapo komanso osakwatiwa amatha kupanga chitukuko mu gawo lililonse la iyo. Ndi kuwonongeka kwa epithelium ya organic, adenomas kapena cystadenomas kumachitika, koma mitundu yolumikizana yamatenda imakhala ndi fibromas ndi lipomas.

Minofu minofu imakhala dothi lopezeka ndi leiomyomas, koma lymphangiomas ndi hemangiomas amapangidwa kuchokera ku minofu minyewa. Zilumba za gland zimayamba kugwera insulin. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha neurogenic, neuromas ndi ganglioneuromas zimawonekera.

Gwero la benign neoplasms, monga lamulo, ndi cholowa. Zizolowezi zoyipa, vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, zachilengedwe zimakhala ndi zochepa pazomwe zidachokera.

Zizindikiro

Pofuna kuti musaphonye kukula kwa chotupa chovunda, muyenera kuganizira bwino za izi:

Kusintha kwa mphamvu ya mahomoni, yoyenda ndi ulesi, chizungulire komanso mutu, nkhawa, thukuta kwambiri,
kupweteka kudera lamanzere kapena lamanzere, wokhala ndi chodzimangira kapena chida cha paroxysmal mwanjira yoti mubwerere ku scapular zone kapena mkono,
mawonetseredwe acteric, popeza kupangika kwa mutu kumakanikizira ma ducts,
nseru ndi kusanza komwe kumachitika mutatha kudya komanso chifukwa chapanikizika ndi duodenum.

Osapeputsa ngozi ya neoplasms yotere. Amatha kukhala oopsa kapena kuledzera. Poyerekeza ndi matendawo, kapamba amayamba, pali zovuta ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.

Ndikofunikira. Kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa mawonekedwe osakhazikika kungayambitse kusokonezeka kwamatumbo. Komabe, ngati muwachotsera pa nthawi yake, ndiye kuti kuchira kwathunthu ndikotheka.

Mawonekedwe Ozindikira

Zotupa zotere zimapezeka koyambirira koyambirira kwa mayeso ndi mayeso. Mwachilengedwe, samadziwonetsa. Kuti mumvetse bwino za matendawa, kufufuza kwa ultrasound, CT, MRI kumachitika. Magazi amaperekedwa kuti aunikidwe ponseponse komanso zamankhwala amuzolengedwa, komanso amayesedwa ndi njira ya cholembera za oncological.

Chithandizo ndi kukonza

Ndikotheka kuchotsa chotupa chodziwika bwino chotupa chokha pakuchita opaleshoni. Ngati zichitika mu mchira wa tinduyo, ndiye kuti gawo lina lachigawo limachitika ndipo gawo lina la chiwalocho limachotsedwa. Mutha kuthana ndi insulin pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, pomwe zowonongeka zokha zimachotsedwa.

Mapangidwe omwe amapanga kapamba, makamaka pamutu pake, amachotsedwa ndi pancreatoduodenal resection. Pogwira ntchito, duodenum imachotsedwanso. Ngati mitunduyi ili yaying'ono komanso yomwe ili pakatikati pa mchira, ndipo palibe chiopsezo cha kufooka, ndiye kuti madokotala amalimbikitsa mtundu wopatsirana.

Pambuyo pa opareshoni, muyenera kutsatira zakudya, kupatula mafuta, mchere, okoma kapena ufa wa zakudya. Kutalika kwa regimen imeneyi ndi pafupifupi chaka chimodzi. Mofananamo, kudya michere kumayikidwa, zolimbitsa thupi ndizochepa.

Ndikofunikira. Kupatula pachiwopsezo cha matenda a hernia, wodwalayo adayikidwa kuti avale lamba wothandizira. Pasanathe zaka ziwiri, kupenda pafupipafupi kumayenera kuchitika ndi ultrasound.

Kuthana ndi chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda am'mimba ndizovuta kwambiri. Palibe njira zenizeni zopewera, makamaka popeza gawo la cholowa ndilokwera. Komabe, kudya moyenera, kupatula pa mndandanda wa zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi mankhwala a pancreatitis kungachepetse chiwopsezo cha matenda.

Zotupa zoyipa za England

Kapangidwa kamutu m'mapazi amtundu wankhanza ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe ndilovuta kwambiri kuchiza. Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa kuvomerezeka kwa bile mu ma ducts, komanso duodenum, kumatsika kwambiri. Chotupa chimatha kulowa m'mimba ngati poyamba chimakhudza thupi la chithokomiro. Mchira neoplasms nthawi zambiri umasinthidwa kupita ku mtima wamasamba, chotupacho chimayamba kuphimba kapamba onse.

Kuzindikira ndi kuneneratu

Pozindikira, njira izi:

Ultrasound - yolondola kwambiri, volumetric neoplasms imatsimikiza kuti imadutsa 20mm kukula kwake,
CT, malinga ndi komwe chotupa, mawonekedwe ake ndi mawonekedwe ake, komanso kupezeka kwa metastases ndi chiwopsezo cha kumera, zimayesedwa,
MRI imathandizira kuzindikira zotupa zazing'ono ndikuwunika kufalikira kwa zotupa,
Positron emission tomography - imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsa zotupa za khansa,
Irrigographic komanso radiological kupenda pamimba. X-ray imapereka chidziwitso cha kuchuluka kwa kusakanikirana kwa ziwalo ndipo zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zosiyana.
Gastroscopy
Biopsy ndi fibrogastroduodenoscopy ndi pakamwa pancreatocholangiography.

Kusintha koyipa komwe kwapezeka koyambirira kapena mochedwa kumakhala kovuta kutero, matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala osavomerezeka. Zikondwererozi zimakhudzana ndi maphunziro a chemotherapy, sikuti zimachitika chifukwa cha opaleshoni, ndipo chotupacho chimafulumira kupita ziwalo zina.

Pomaliza

Kuyeserera pafupipafupi kwam'mimba kumathandizira kuzindikira nthawi yayitali pancreatic misa ndikupewa kukula kwa zovuta. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lobadwa ndi matendawa. Popewa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisiye zizolowezi zoyipa, kudya mokwanira komanso kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Maphunziro mu kapamba

Kupanga kolunjika kwa mutu wa kapamba kumathandizira kutsekeka kwathunthu kwa duct ya bile. Zotsatira zake, bile kuchokera ku chiwindi kupita ku duodenum imadziunjikira. Izi zimabweretsa mawonetsedwe otsatirawa:

Khungu ndi azungu amaso amaso zachikasu
mkodzo wakuda umachitika
chopondapo chidasungunuka.

Kapangidwe kalikonse m'timatilo timaloleza kuti chiwalochi chizigwira ntchito moyenera. Wodwalayo amakhala ndi vuto la dyspeptic, ndipo ululu umachitika. Mbiri ya gulu la ma neoplasms:

Ma Neoplasms amtundu wosakanikirana.
Chikhalidwe chosakhala cha epithelial.
Lymphoid ndi hematopoietic mapangidwe.
Tumors ndi metastases.
Zotupa zotchulidwa
Benign neoplasms.
Matenda owopsa.
Pathology ya isanc pancreatic.

Zoyenera kuchita ndikupanga mutu wa kapamba: Zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Chikhansa ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'thupi la munthu. Amatulutsa ma enzymes omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi protein, carbohydrate ndi metabolism yamafuta. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuwoneka kwa mitundu m'matimu kumakhala chida chachikulu chomwe chikuwopseza moyo wa munthu. Vutoli limakulirakulira chifukwa chovuta kuzindikira matendawa kumayambiriro kwake, komwe kumapangitsa kuti pakhale njira yoyipa komanso kukula kwachangu.

Ndikofunikira. Zikondazo zimaphatikizapo magawo angapo - mutu, khosi, thupi ndi mchira. Ndi gawo loyamba lomwe mitundu yambiri imapangika.

Khalidweli.
Kusuta fodya. Muli zinthu zambiri zamoto zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo a khansa apangidwe.
Pancreatitis mu mawonekedwe osakhazikika - imakhala chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa kayendedwe ka magazi ndi kagayidwe kazinthu pama cellular.
Kukalamba. Akuluakulu amakhala ndi vuto losavomerezeka mu chitetezo cha mthupi, chifukwa cha zomwe zilonda zoyipa zimachitika nthawi zambiri.
Matenda a shuga amapezeka pakadali pano. Chifukwa cha kufa kwa maselo a beta, maziko a chotupa amapezeka.
Kunenepa kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsa kukhala kochititsa chidwi cha hyperlipidemia ndi hypercholesterolemia. Izi zimayambitsa pancreatic lipodystrophy.
Zakudya zosavomerezeka - zimabweretsa kuchulukitsa kwa England komanso kuchepa kwa enzymatic.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mizimu yambiri, komwe kumapangitsa kufa kwa magulu.

Zotupa za pancreatic zitha kugawidwa malinga ndi magulu otsatirawa:

epithelial
osagwirizana
zotupa za ma pancreatic islets:
mtundu wa lymphoid
metatstatic
kusakaniza
ena.

Mapangidwe oterewa amadziwika ndi chitukuko chochepa. Pankhaniyi, minofuyo siyisokonezeka, ndipo chotupacho sichikula kukhala ziwalo zapafupi. Kuchepetsa kwa metastasis pafupifupi kulibe.

Gwero la benign neoplasms, monga lamulo, ndi cholowa. Zizolowezi zoyipa, vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, zachilengedwe zimakhala ndi zochepa pazomwe zidachokera.

Pofuna kuti musaphonye kukula kwa chotupa chovunda, muyenera kuganizira bwino za izi:

Kusintha kwa mphamvu ya mahomoni, yoyenda ndi ulesi, chizungulire komanso mutu, nkhawa, thukuta kwambiri,
kupweteka kudera lamanzere kapena lamanzere, wokhala ndi chodzimangira kapena chida cha paroxysmal mwanjira yoti mubwerere ku scapular zone kapena mkono,
mawonetseredwe acteric, popeza kupangika kwa mutu kumakanikizira ma ducts,
nseru ndi kusanza komwe kumachitika mutatha kudya komanso chifukwa chapanikizika ndi duodenum.

Osapeputsa ngozi ya neoplasms yotere. Amatha kukhala oopsa kapena kuledzera. Poyerekeza ndi matendawo, pancreatitis imayamba, pali zovuta ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro.

Ndikofunikira. Kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa mawonekedwe osakhazikika kungayambitse kusokonezeka kwamatumbo. Komabe, ngati muwachotsera pa nthawi yake, ndiye kuti kuchira kwathunthu ndikotheka.

Ndikotheka kuti muchotse chotupa chodziwikiratu chokha. Ngati zichitika mu mchira wa tinduyo, ndiye kuti gawo lina lachigawo limachitika ndipo gawo lina la chiwalocho limachotsedwa. Mutha kuthana ndi insulin pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, pomwe zowonongeka zokha zimachotsedwa.

Ndikofunikira. Kupatula pachiwopsezo cha matenda a hernia, wodwalayo adayikidwa kuti avale lamba wothandizira. Pasanathe zaka ziwiri, kupenda pafupipafupi kumayenera kuchitika ndi ultrasound.

Pambuyo pake magawo akukulira kwa neoplasms yoyipa, pali zizindikiro zomwe, komabe, zimatha kukhala chiwonetsero cha matenda ena:

kupweteka pafupipafupi m'mimba, kumvetsetsa bwino usiku,
kutaya mtima, kusakhumbira nyama, khofi kapena zakudya zamafuta,
kuwonda msanga
kugona ndi kufooka
kukulitsa gallbladder,
mawonetseredwe amisala ya thrombotic yamitsempha yamapeto,
kumvera
mavuto ammimba, kulemera m'mimba,
magazi akuwonekeranso pakhungu lakuda,
ludzu ndi kamwa yowuma
Khungu
kudzikundikira kwa madzimadzi m'mimba.

Pozindikira, njira izi:

Ultrasound - yolondola kwambiri, volumetric neoplasms imatsimikiza kuti imadutsa 20mm kukula kwake,
CT, malinga ndi komwe chotupa, mawonekedwe ake ndi mawonekedwe ake, komanso kupezeka kwa metastases ndi chiwopsezo cha kumera, zimayesedwa,
MRI imathandizira kuzindikira zotupa zazing'ono ndikuwunika kufalikira kwa zotupa,
Positron emission tomography - imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsa zotupa za khansa,
Irrigographic komanso radiological kupenda pamimba. X-ray imapereka chidziwitso cha kuchuluka kwa kusakanikirana kwa ziwalo ndipo zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zosiyana.
Gastroscopy
Biopsy ndi fibrogastroduodenoscopy ndi pakamwa pancreatocholangiography.

Kupanga kwa mutu wa mutu wa pancreatic: ndi chiyani?

Pancreatic neoplasms ndi gulu la zovuta zamatenda zomwe zimakhala zovuta kudziwa ndikuchiza.

Kumayambiriro, matendawa samapezeka, omwe amakulitsa vutoli ndi chithandizo.

Chotupa cha pancreatic chimadziwika ndi maphunziro owopsa kwambiri komanso kupita patsogolo mwachangu.

Mphete (kapamba) ndi chiwalo chakumaso chophatikizika ndi ntchito ya exocrine komanso intracecretory.

Zambiri zamankhwala ndizaboma. M'maselo a gawoli, ma enzyme osiyanasiyana omwe amayamba kupanga chimbudzi. Enzymes limodzi ndi mawonekedwe apadera achinsinsi a pancreatic madzi otulutsidwa mu duodenum 12.

Nthawi zambiri, mu gawo la procrine, kutupa, kapena kapamba kumachitika. Koma kwanthawi yayitali, kapamba wam'mimba amatha kuyambitsa chotupa.

Dera laling'ono la kapamba limayimiriridwa ndi gawo la endocrine. Mu gawo ili, kuphatikiza kwa mahomoni kumachitika ndikutsutsana kwa kagayidwe:

insulin, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kagayidwe kazakudya,
glucagon, yemwe ali ndi vuto losiyana ndi insulin,
somatostatin, yomwe imachepetsa kubisalira kwa tiziwalo timene timatulutsa m'thupi,
pancreatic polypeptide,
ghrelin - amene amachititsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi njala.

Organic kapena zinchito kagayidwe ka endocrine gawo kumabweretsa kuphwanya koyenera wa chakudya. Ma tumor omwe ali m'gawoli amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kapena kuwonjezeka kwa magulu a mahomoni.

Anatomically, chiwalo chimagawidwa m'magawo awa:

Nthawi zambiri, matenda a pathological amakula mumutu wa kapamba.

Tsoka ilo, zomwe zimayambitsa khansa zambiri sizikudziwikabe.

Zotupa zam'mimba ndizotupa zowopsa m'mizimba ya kapamba.

Pakadali pano, kafukufuku akuchitika pa oncological matenda am'mimba.

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimawonjezera ngozi iyi:

Kuphatikiza apo, chibadwa china ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chikuthandizira pakupanga chotupa.

Maphunziro mu kapamba sikuti nthawi zonse amakhala matenda oopsa.

Nthawi zina chizindikiro chimangowonetsa kukhalapo kwa chosaopsa matenda.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya neoplasms mu pancreatic zimakhala.

Mitundu yotsatirayi yamapangidwe amtundu imasiyanitsidwa:

zotupa za benign, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafunikira kuchitapo kanthu opaleshoni, koma wodwalayo ali ndi tsogolo labwino lamoyo komanso kuchira.
zotupa zoyipa, zomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe onse a mawonekedwe a oncological matenda.

Zotupa za Benign zimaphatikizapo ma cysts, adenomas, zotupa za fibrotic, lipomas, insulomas, hemangiomas ndi ena. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kapisozi ndipo samakula kukhala tinthu tating'ono. Kuopsa kwawo ndikuti ndi kukula kwakukulu, amatha kuyambitsa kukakamira kwa ziwalo zoyandikana. Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwa cystic ndi adenomas kumatha kudwala, ndiko kuti, kuchokera kwa "zabwino", chotupacho chimasandulika "zoipa".

Nthawi zambiri odwala amaganiza momwe angadziwire mapangidwe a mutu wa kapamba, chomwe ndi komanso zomwe akuyenera kuchita. Choyamba, munthu sayenera kuchita mantha, chifukwa popanda kufufuza za mbiri yakale sikungatheke kudziwa bwinobwino.

Epithelial, ndiye kuti, ikukula kuchokera ku epithelium ya chiwalo.
Tumors of lymphoid minofu.
Ma metastases a zotupa zina.
Kuphatikizidwa.
Zosasiyanitsa.

Matenda a oncological amadziwika ndi kukula msanga, kufalikira kwa chotupacho m'minyewa ina komanso metastasis.

Maphunziro mu thupi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mndandanda wazinthu zina komanso zomwe zimadziwika.

Kapangidwe ka ziphuphu zakumapazi, ndizovuta ziti zomwe zimapangitsa chidwi kwa odwala pokhapokha atazindikira kuti ali ndi vuto la kuphipha magazi m'thupi.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikaonekera, odwala nthawi zambiri samalabadira izi.

Zizindikiro zamapangidwe amtundu wa kapamba:

kukoka kosalekeza ululu pamimba,
Kuchepetsa chilakole ndi kukana zakudya zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadyedwa
Kuchepetsa thupi
kugona, kufooka,
venous thrombosis,
kukulitsa gallbladder,
dyspepsia
kuopsa kwa epigastrium mukatha kudya, kumachitika chifukwa chotupa chimakanikizira ziwalo zapafupi,
jaundice
magazi ochokera m'matumbo am'mimba, omwe amawonetseredwa ndi kusanza kwamagazi kapena ndowe zamagazi (choko),
kuyabwa kwa pakhungu ndi mucous;
kusasamala kwa mahomoni,

Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezereka pamimba chifukwa cha hepatomegaly ndi ascites kumatha kuwonedwa.

Kuti adziwe matenda ake, wodwala amafunika kumuyesa dokotala.

Pambuyo pa mayeso oyamba, maphunziro ena amalembedwa kuti apange kuzindikira koyenera.

Mukamawerengera, njira zogwiritsira ntchito zasayansi komanso zothandiza pofufuza thupi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuchita:

Ultrasound yam'mimba ndi tsatanetsatane wa ultrasound yoyeserera kapamba. Njira iyi ndi "muyezo wagolide" wofufuza zotupa zam'mimba. Ma tumors ndi metastases nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi echogenicity yayikulu.
CT ndi MRI ya kapamba. Njira zotsogola zotsogola zimapangitsa kuti zisathe kuzindikira chotupacho (pa tomography chotupacho chimawoneka ngati chinthu cholimbitsa thupi cha hypo), komanso kuwulula ma metastases akutali kwa ziwalo ndi ma lymph node. Hypodensal kuganizira imadziwika ndikuzindikiridwa malinga ndi ICD 10.
PET-CT.
Kusanthula kwa Irrigografia ndi X-ray pamimba.
Gastroscopy
Biopsy

Oncological matenda a kapamba amadziwika ndi matenda ovuta kwambiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuzindikira kochepa kwa chiwalo ku chemotherapy komanso kusatheka kwa opareshoni. Kuphatikiza apo, matenda amtunduwu nthawi zambiri amasokoneza ndipo amakhudza malo osakhudzidwa ndi minofu yamoyo. Zotupa zoyipa za pancreatic zimadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa metastasis koyambirira kwamatenda.

Khansa ya pancreatic akufotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.

Focal form of mutu wa pancreatic - matenda ndi chithandizo

Zikondazo zimachita mbali yofunika kwambiri m'gaya. Monga mukudziwa, kuyamwa kwabwinobwino kwa chakudya ndi kiyi ya chitetezo chamthupi chathanzi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake pali kulumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa ma pancreatic pathologies ndi thanzi labwino la munthu. Mavuto ndi thupi nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi ultrasound kapena MRI. Ndipo imodzi mwazofala kwambiri ndi kupangika kwa kapamba, koma zinthu zoyamba.

Pokhala chiwalo chaching'ono, kapamba amakhala ndi zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimayendetsa njira zotsatirazi mthupi:

chimbudzi
kuchotsa kwa poizoni,
mayamwidwe michere yopindulitsa
pogawa chakudya chosagawanika,
kukhazikika kwa mahomoni.

Ndiye kapamba amene amakhudza kuvunda kwa chakudya, ikagawika mafuta, mapuloteni, chakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, chiwalochi chimakhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi kayendedwe kazinthu zopindulitsa kuchokera kumimba kupita m'matumbo, kumene zimalowa mu duodenum.

Zotupa za pancreatic ndizoyipa komanso zowoneka bwino, zimadziwika ndi malo oyang'ana

Ntchito ya gland mu endocrine system ndiyofunikira, imathandizira kupanga insulin. Ndi ma pathologies a chiwalo komanso ndikupanga mawonekedwe ake pamtunda, zosayeneranso kugwira ntchito kwa kapamba zimachitika, zomwe zimakhudza momwe munthu aliri. Izi zimabweretsa kusintha ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

kuwonda mwadzidzidzi
dontho mu kuthamanga kwa magazi
kuchepa kwamtima
maonekedwe a kutopa
kuchepa kwa magwiridwe
mawonekedwe osakhala bwino
zovuta za chopondapo
kusenda khungu.

Ngati zizindikirozi zikuwonekera, ndikofunikira kupereka wodwalayo kwa dokotala yemwe adzayang'anenso momwe wodwalayo alili, ndipo potengera zoonekazo zowoneka bwino, adzakuwunikirani kuyezetsa magazi, ndipo ngati pangafunike, kulingalira kwa maginito oyambanso kupindika.

Kodi zotupa zapachifuwa zofala kwambiri?

Chotupa chake ndichachikulu komanso chaching'ono. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, ndi chiwalo ichi chomwe nthawi zambiri chimavutika ndi zotupa za mtundu wina. Kapangidwe kalikonse kamene kamayambitsa kansa koyamba kumakhudza epithelium kenako ndikapitiliza kakulidwe kake pamutu wa England.

Ma pathologies oterewa alibe chiyembekezo chamtsogolo malinga ndi zaka za wodwalayo, koma mu 80% ya milandu anthu amavutika pambuyo pa zaka 50. Kuphatikiza apo, omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndi:

osuta kwambiri
oledzera
okonda zakudya zonunkhira ndi mchere,
kusirira zokometsera pakuphika,
odwala matenda ashuga
odwala ndi kapamba
odwala matenda oyamba a m'mimba dongosolo.

Focal form of pancreatic minus of all the benign and zilonda zachilengedwe zimachitika pamutu. Ngati kuwunika kwa ultrasound kumawonetsa kuti pali zotupa, ndiye kuti mukupima mozama, zomwe zikuwonetsa ngati chotupacho chilipo kapena chiwopsezo cha chitukuko chake.

Makamaka mawonekedwe a kapamba amawagawa m'mitundu ingapo:

mitundu ya epithelial, yomwe ingakhale yopanda chidziwitso kapena zachilengedwe.
pancreatic inclusions
maphunziro osakanikirana
zotupa zopanda-epithelial,
mapangidwe amphweya
hematopoietic foci,
zotupa metastatic.

Zodziwika kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a epithelial, koma magulu ena a zotupa amadziwika bwino ndi zizindikiro zawo ndipo amafotokozedwa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito diagnostic kompyuta.

Kapangidwe kabwino mu kapamba amadziwika kuti samapereka metastasis, sasintha kukula, koma amatha kukhala osakwatiwa komanso angapo. Ndizachilendo chifukwa zimatulutsa mahomoni m'magazi, omwe amachititsa poizoni m'thupi pang'onopang'ono koma osavulaza.

Mwa mitundu yopanga mawonekedwe, odziwika kwambiri ndi:

Kusiyana kwawo kukukhala ndi ma cell:

minofu yolumikizika
mawonekedwe a mtima
maselo amafuta
ulusi wamisempha
wokutira Schwann
maselo amitsempha.

Makonda opweteka a mutu wa pancreatic amadziwika kuti amatha kukula, ndipo mwachangu kwambiri, ndikupereka metastases, ndipo amatumphuka kukhala ziwalo ndi minofu yoyandikana. Amalandira chithandizo mosavomerezeka, kotero kudziwika kwakanthawi ndikofunikira pano. Kulingalira kwa maginito kudzawonetsa mtundu wamaphunziro omwe adokotala akuchita. Pangoyeserera mbali zitatu, mutha kuwona mosavuta malire ndi madera a chotupacho, kudziwa momwe ziliri komanso kuneneratu za matendawa.

Pakati pa zotupa zoyipa musiyanitse:

zotupa zomwe zimamera kuchokera ku pancreatic epithelium,
kapangidwe ka michere ya m'mimba,
kuphatikiza maphunziro
zotupa zomwe sizingasiyanidwe (pakakhala zizindikiro za ma neoplasms angapo nthawi imodzi),
metastasis.

Mosasamala za mtundu wa neoplasm yomwe yapezeka mwa wodwala, dokotala amafotokozera chithandizo choyambirira, amamuthandiza wodwalayo kenako kenako ndikupereka lingaliro ngati thandizo la opereshoni likufunikira kapena ngati mankhwala angagawiridwe nawo.

Zimayambitsa maonekedwe a epithelial focal formations

Ndikosatheka kutsata kudalira kwinanso ngati matenda a kapamba mwa munthu ali ovunda kapena owopsa. Ndizothekanso kuneneratu za chotupacho, koma zomwe awonetsa zikuwonetsa kuti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda zilipo. Zinthu zikuluzikulu ndi izi:

cholowa
Malo okhala osavomerezeka mdera lokhala,
zotupa m'matumbo amene sanalandiridwe,
wodekha mankhwala
mankhwala osokoneza bongo
uchidakwa
kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina ndi maphikidwe popanda chilolezo cha dokotala,
Chidwi cha zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta ambiri.

Podziwa izi pachiwopsezo, munthu aliyense atha kudziteteza ndi malamulo osavuta:

kukayezetsa pachipatala chaka chilichonse,
onetsetsani zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku
samalira zakudya zoyenera,
lekani zizolowezi zoyipa,
osadzisilira
ndi kapamba, kutsatira zakudya ndi kumwa mankhwalawa.

Chithandizo cha pancreatic mutu neoplasms

Kwa zilonda zamtundu uliwonse zokhudzana ndi kapamba, adotolo amayambitsa mankhwala. Ngati chotupa chili chochepa, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amatumizidwa ku tebulo la opaleshoni. Masiku ano, ntchito zoterezi zimangoyendayenda ndipo sizowopsa zilizonse. Kutengera komwe kuli, kukula kwake komanso kapangidwe ka neoplasm, momwe angachitire opaleshoniyo akhoza kukhala osiyana:

kuchuluka kwa mpweya (njira yodumphira ukalamba),
Kapangidwe ka mutu kapena mchira wa kapamba,
pancreatoduodenal resection (kuchotsa chotupa pamodzi ndi mbali ya chiwalo),
kusankha embolization wa mitsempha (kutsekereza magazi kupita ku chotupa).

Nthawi zambiri benign neoplasms sakhala yotheka kuthandizira opaleshoni yofunika, ndiye kuti dokotalayo amakupangira mankhwala omwe amayambitsa matenda a shuga komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga, kuwonjezera hemoglobin komanso kuchuluka kwa chitetezo champhamvu m'thupi. Zotsatira zake, kukana kwachilengedwe kwa thupi kwa mahomoni owopsa omwe amatulutsidwa ndi chotupacho kumawonekera, ndipo pali mwayi wothana ndi matendawa m'mayambiriro oyambirira.

Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe osakhazikika amathandizidwa bwino, atachotsedwa popanda chizindikiro, wodwalayo amakonzedwanso, ndipo akatsatira malangizo onse a dokotala, mwina sangakumbukire za zovuta zam'mbuyomu pamoyo wake wonse.

Matenda a matenda othandizira odwala. - M: MEDpress-dziwitsani, 2005. - 704 p.
Milku Stefan Therapy a endocrine matenda. Gawo 2, Meridians - M., 2015 .-- 752 p.
Weixin Wu, Wu Ling. Matenda a shuga: mawonekedwe atsopano. Moscow - St. Petersburg, yofalitsa nyumba "Neva Publishing House", "OL-MA-Press", 2000., masamba 157, kufalitsa makope 7000. Kusindikizidwanso kwa buku lomwelo, Healing Recipes: Shuga. Moscow - St. Petersburg, yofalitsa nyumba "Publishing House" Neva "", "OLMA-Press", 2002, masamba 157, kufalitsa makope 10,000.
Endocrinology. Big Medical Encyclopedia, Eksmo - M., 2011. - 608 c.
Matenda a McLaughlin Chris. Thandizo kwa wodwala. Malangizo othandiza (kumasulira kuchokera ku Chingerezi). Moscow, yosindikiza nyumba "Zokambirana ndi Zoonadi", "Aquarium", 1998, masamba 140, kufalitsa makope 18,000.

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka pamalowo kuti athetse zovuta osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusayiti, kukambirana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.

Kupangika kwa kapamba wolumala

Mu kapamba, kakhazikikidwe kamatulutsa kamatulutsa timuyo timene timayendayenda.

Ngozi yayikulu yochokera ku malo oyamba imakhazikika mwa "islet" ndi adenomas achigiriki omwe amapezeka pang'onopang'ono kwa gland. Izi matenda amadziwika ndi chitukuko cha ma cysts, omwe amamangidwa ndi epithelium yaying'ono.

Zilonda zopweteka

Khansa ya pancreatic ndi matenda oopsa a oncological. Matendawa amapezeka m'magawo akumbuyo, nthawi zambiri chotupacho chitatha kale. Chiwopsezo chopulumuka cha omwe adachitidwa opareshoni sichidaposa 3.0%. Kutalika kwa moyo wa odwala atachitidwa opaleshoni siosapitilira zaka zitatu.

Ndi kuwonongeka kwa mchira wa kapamba, mapangidwewo angakhudze ziwiya za ndulu. Ndi khansa, mutha kuwona zosintha zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza chiwalo chonse.

Chotupa cha mutu wa tiziwalo tamatumbo tinthu nchosavuta kuzindikira kumayambiriro.

Amavutika kuchiza. Kukula kwa matendawa kumabweretsa kutsekeka kwa bile duct ndi duodenum. Ngati chotupa chija chikuwoneka m'thupi la chithokomiro, ndiye kuti nthawi zina chimatha kuwoneka chikufalikira ku ziwalo zina kapena kukhoma la m'mimba.

Zizindikiro zomaliza za khansa ya kapamba zimaphatikizapo:

chilako cha wodwala chimachepa
munthu amadana ndi mafuta komanso zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa poizoni m'thupi,
Pali kupweteka pamimba,
kufooka kwakukulu kumawonedwa
kusokonezeka kwa tulo kumachitika
Nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi zotumphukira mtsempha wamagazi,
kuwonda kumachitika
makina a jaundice amachitika
pali kuchuluka kwa ndulu,
palpation ikhoza kuwulula ndulu yokulitsidwa,
Kuperewera kwa michere kumayambitsa kukhumudwa,
munthu amayamba kuchepa thupi
Nthawi zambiri pamimba
matendawa akapita patsogolo, ndiye kuti kutulutsa magazi mkati, kusanza kumachitika, ndipo stoolyo imakhala ndi mtundu wakuda,
Pambuyo chakudya, zovuta zimapezeka, munthu akung'amba,
Ngati chiwonongeko cha zilonda za m'mimba chachitika, ndiye kuti wodwalayo amakhala ndi ludzu nthawi zonse, pakamwa pouma, nthawi zambiri ndikamizirira,
ngati metastases idakhudza mitsempha ya portal, ascites imawonedwa.

Ngati muli ndi zambiri mwazizindikirozi, ndikwabwino kukayezetsa.

Zotupa za Benign

Mayendedwe a Benign agawidwa kukhala:

zotupa za neurogenic - ganglioneuromas ndi neuromas,
kusintha kwa epithelial minofu ya kapamba - cystadenomas ndi adenomas,
zotupa kupangika minofu yolumikizira - lipomas ndi ma fibromas,
zotupa za minofu - leiomyomas,
zotupa zopangidwa m'masukulu a kapamba - insuloma,
mawonekedwe omwe amakhudza ziwiya za chiwalo - lymphangiomas, hemangiomas.

Khansa ya Gland ili ndi zinthu zingapo zapadera:

Tizilombo ta minyewa sasintha,
chotupa chikukula pang'onopang'ono,
metastases siziwoneka,
kumera sikuchitika mwa ziwalo zoyandikana.

Asayansi sangatchule chifukwa chomwe amapangira mawonekedwe osakhazikika. Koma adazindikira zinthu zingapo zomwe nthawi zambiri kuposa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maphunziro atukuke:

zakudya zopanda thanzi
zizolowezi zoipa
mu mlandu chibadwa
zikhalidwe zopanda chilengedwe m'malo okhalamo.

Ngati munthu ali ndi mawonekedwe osakhazikika mu kapamba, ndiye kuti izi zimatsatana ndi zingapo:

jaundice
kusanza ndi kusanza
thukuta thukuta, chisokonezo, kufooka, mawonekedwe a mantha,
kupweteka kwa navel, kuwonekera kumanzere kwa thupi.

Chotupa chovunda chitha kupezeka khansa, kuyambitsa kuledzera, matenda kapamba, komanso matenda a endocrine.

Kuzindikira ndi chithandizo

Ultrasound imathandizira kuzindikira kupangika kwa kapamba. Panthawi ya ultrasound, zotupa zimatsimikiziridwa kuti ndizokulirapo kuposa masentimita awiri kukula kwake.
MRI
Pa CT, malo a neoplasm, kukula kwake, mawonekedwe, kupezeka kwa metastases ndi kumera kukuwoneka.
Positron emission tomography imathandizira kuzindikira zotupa za khansa.
Ndi x-ray yam'mimba, kupindika kwamkati kumawonekera.
Angiography imapangitsa kuunika kwa mitsempha yamagazi m'mitsempha.
Ndi pakamwa pancreatocholangiografia ndi fibrogastroduodenoscopy pogwiritsa ntchito endoscope, mutha kutenga biopsy ya zikondamoyo zomwe zakhudzidwa.
Ndiponso wodwala amayenera kupimitsa magazi ambiri.

Ngati wodwala pa ultrasound adawulula mapangidwe a pancreatic, ndiye kuti mitundu ina ya mayeso iyenera kumwedwa.

Ma pancreatic neoplasms amathandizira pokhapokha ngati akuchitapo kanthu. Ntchito zachitsulo ndiz:

umalimbana ndikuchotsa duodenum ndi chotupa chomwe chili pamutu pa gland - pancreatoduodenal resection,
madokotala ochita opaleshoni nthawi zambiri samachotsa chiwalo chonse, koma gawo limodzi lokha,
Kuchotsa kwa neoplasms okha.

Laparoscopy - anachita ngati zotupa zili mchira wa ndulu.

Kukonzanso wodwala pambuyo poti mawonekedwe a volumetric amachitika malinga ndi dongosolo lotsatira:

M'miyezi yoyambirira ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zolimbitsa thupi.
Kutsatira kwambiri zakudya kumathandizira wodwala kuti abwerere ku moyo wawo wakale. Ndikofunika kuchotsa pa ufa wa zakudya, mafuta, yokazinga, zokometsera, amchere,
Ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi ma enzymes,
Wodwala ayenera kuvala bandeji kwa miyezi itatu,
Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito tikiti kupita ku sanatorium.

Poganizira zovuta za kupezeka ndi khansa koyambirira, kuti mupeze nthawi yoyenera, kuyesedwa kwam'mimba kuyenera kuchitidwa chaka chilichonse, makamaka ngati matenda amtunduwu adachitika kale m'banja lanu.