Matenda a kapamba: zimayambitsa, Zizindikiro ndi chithandizo

Zikondwererozo zimakhala mkati mwa m'mimba, kumbuyo. Izi zofunikira ndizofunikira kwambiri machitidwe a moyo wa munthu. Amabala micherezomwe zimakhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi ntchito yokumba mapuloteni, chakudya ndi mafuta.

Choyamba, ma enzyme amenewa amalowa mkati mwa kapamba, kenako kulowa mu duodenum. Pali mphamvu zawo pazakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, zimakhala mu kapamba kuti pali maselo apadera omwe amapanga mahomoni ofunikira insulin. Ma pancreatic mahormoni, kulowa m'magazi, amawongolera kagayidwe ka shuga m'thupi. Ngati kapamba sangatulutse insulin yokwanira, ndiye kuti zotsatira zake zimakhala zovuta matenda ashuga.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kupweteka Kwa Pancreatic

Madokotala anaganiza zowunikira zinthu zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa kuwawa m'thupi. Chitsulo chokha chimakhala ndi kapisozi kuzungulira. Ili ndi kuchuluka kwa mathero amitsempha. Pamene kapisolo uyu akatambasuka, kupweteka kwambiri kumawonekera.

Zomwe zingayambitse:

1. Zonse zotupa ndi ma pathological omwe amachitika mu gland palokha.

• Pancreatitis ndimatenda omwe nthawi zambiri amatenga matenda ndi poizoni, amakhudza gawo la thupi kapena zonse. Masiku ano, matenda ndiofala, ngakhale kwa achinyamata.
• Mapangidwe a cystic ndi ma pseudocysts. Amawonekera atadwala kapamba, yemwe samachiritsidwa kwathunthu.
• Matenda a shuga.
• Pancreatic necrosis - purusive fusion ndi necrosis ya kapamba. Amawonetsedwa ndi matenda opweteka kwambiri. Izi sizingasinthe. Zimakhudza odwala omwe amadalira mowa.
• Tumor misa. Zowawa zimakonda kupezeka khansa m'magawo apambuyo pake. Chifukwa chake, nkovuta kwambiri kuzindikira matenda.

2. Kusintha kwa matupi oyandikana. Chifukwa choti mitsempha ina imakhudzana ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana zam'mimba zimakhala ndi mizu ndi ulusi wamba. Chifukwa chake kumverera kwa kupweteka kosakanikirana. Zizindikiro zoterezi zimatha kutsata njira zotsatirazi:

• Matenda amwala. Pankhaniyi, chodabwitsa cha impso colic chikupanga mwachangu. Ululu sukusanza, pachimake, paroxysmal, umapatsa kapamba. Itha kuphimba m'mimba chonse ndi kumbuyo.
• Urolithiasis, limodzi ndi aimpso colic. Malinga ndi madotolo, ndipamene zimandipweteka kwambiri. Potere, sikuti impso yomwe yakhudzidwa imapweteketsa, komanso ziwalo zonse zam'mimba, kuphatikiza zikondamoyo, ndizophatikizidwa.
• Cholecystitis ndi kutukusira kwa ndulu. Ili pafupi ndi kapamba ndipo imatha kuwapatsa ululu.
• Matenda am'mimba ndi duodenum: gastritis, chironda chachikulu, zotupa.
• Hepatitis ndi matenda a chiwindi.

3. Kusintha kwa kuthekera ndi kuwonongeka kwa ulusi wamanjenje.

• Osteochondrosis. Makamaka ngati dera la thoracic lakhudzidwa.
• Intercostal neuralgia. Ali ndi chithunzi chachipatala chofanana ndi vuto la mtima komanso kapamba.
• Kusintha kwa minofu.
• Matenda a mitsempha.
• Supombosis yamatumbo apancreatic.

Zizindikiro za matenda apamba

Zizindikiro za matenda apamba komanso matenda osiyanasiyana ndizofanana. Choyamba, ndikuphwanya ntchito za kapamba mwa anthu, zimawonekera kupweteka ndi mavuto a dyspeptic. Zomverera zowawa zimawonekera pamimba, m'chigawo cha epigastric. Komanso, ululu umatha kupereka mu hypochondrium yamanzere, kumbuyo kapena tsamba lamanzere, mutenge mawonekedwe. Nthawi zina ululu umakhalapo kwina, nthawi zina umawonekera ndi kukomoka. Munthu akamadutsa, kudya zakudya zamafuta ambiri, zonunkhira kapena zokazinga, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, ululuwu umakulitsidwa kwambiri.

Ululu umachepa pambuyo pothira kuzizira, pomwe nthawi yomweyo, kutentha kumangokulitsa ululu. Muthanso kuchepetsa kupwetekako mtima mwa kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ena: chifukwa chake muyenera kukhala pansi ndikugwada chamtsogolo, mutha kugona pambali yanu ndikukoka mawondo anu pachifuwa chanu.

Mukukanda pamimba, kupweteka kumatha ku hypochondrium wamanzere. Monga zizindikiro za dyspeptic m'matenda a kapamba, nthawi zambiri amadziwonekera kusanza ndi nseru. Zothekanso kutsegula m'mimba.

Ngati ntchito ya pancreatic imalephera, munthu amatha kuchepa kulakalakamotero, kuchepa thupi kumachitika. Zambiri mwatsatanetsatane pamatendawa zimapereka zotsatira za ultrasound, computer tomography, maphunziro angapo a x-ray.

Ululu

Kuwonetsa kotsogola kwa kapamba ndi ululu. Mtundu wa ululu (kuchokera pakukoka pang'ono mpaka kumata lakuthwa) umatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zotupa, chikhalidwe chake (edema kapena necrosis), komanso kuphatikizidwa kwa mapepala a peritoneum (peritonitis) pochita. Potsirizira pake, zizindikiro za kukwiya kwa peritoneal zidzaonekera, mukamayang'ana kutulutsa, ululu umakhala wolimba kwambiri osati ndi kukakamiza, koma ndi kumasulidwa kwa dzanja.

Ndi edema, ululu wammbuyo umayambitsidwa ndi kukulitsa kwa kaphatikizidwe kazakudya, kukakamira kwa mathero a mitsempha ndi kusefukira kwa ma ducts ndi zinthu zazinsinsi.

Kwa nthawi yayitali, chinyengo chimapitilira pakati pa kupweteka kwambiri komanso kusowa kwa chitetezo m'mitsempha ya khoma lamkati lakumbuyo (m'mimba imakhala yofewa panthawi yamkamwa).

Malo a ululu (kumanja, pakati kapena kumanzere kwa epigastric) ndi chifukwa cha malo oyang'ana kwambiri mutu, thupi kapena mchira wa chiwalo.

Magetsi ake kumbuyo ndi malo omwe limba limayikidwamo m'malo a 12 thoracic mpaka 4 lumbar vertebrae komanso mawonekedwe a malo otsegula m'mimba (nthambi za celiac plexus ndi vagus nerve).

Ululu, monga lamulo, sugwirizanitsidwa ndi chakudya ndipo umakhala wopitiliza komanso mosalekeza, umakulirakulira ngati kusintha kwachilengedwe kwa ziwalo kukulira. Malo osowa kwambiri owawa ndi kupweteka kwa mtima ndi dera la mtima ndi gawo la mtima. Ndi ululu wamtunduwu, ndikofunikira kupatula panthawi yake ululu wamtima (angina pectoris, infarction ya myocardial).

Ndi pancreatic necrosis, kupweteka kumafika pamlingo waukulu kwambiri ndipo kumatha kuyambitsa kupweteketsa, komwe wodwalayo angafe.

Ntchito ndi matenda a kapamba

Zikondwererozi zimakhala ndi magawo awiri okhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Gawo limodzi limatulutsa ma enzymes (amylases, proteinase, lipids), omwe amathandizira kugaya chakudya m'matumbo, ndipo chachiwiri chimatulutsa mahomoni: insulin, somatostatin, glucagon.

Pakati pa matenda a kapamba, nthawi zambiri (pafupifupi 80% ya milandu), madokotala amazindikira njira zosatsira matenda - kapamba.

Pancreatitis imachitika chifukwa cha zochita za michere yopangidwa ndi gland pamakoma a chiwalo. Nthawi zambiri, michere yopanga imayenda m'matumbo, imalowa m'matumbo, pomwe imakonza chakudya chachikulu, mapuloteni onenepa, mafuta ndi chakudya.

Chikhansa ndi chiwalo chomwe chiri chofunikira kwambiri pantchito ya chamoyo chonse.

Ngati pazifukwa zina ma enzymes amayamba kuyendayenda m'matumbo, ndiye kuti amayamba kuthyola tinthu timene timatulutsa timene tiziimira tokha. Pankhaniyi, chizindikiro chachikulu cha kapamba kumachitika - kupweteka kwambiri.

Pancreatitis ikhoza kukhala yamitundu iwiri - yovuta komanso yosatha. Fomu yovuta kwambiri imagawidwa m'magulu angapo:

• kutupa (kwapakati),
• hemorrhagic
• purulent (phlegmonous),
• pancreatic necrosis (kufa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwa minofu).

Amayambitsa matenda a kapamba

Zotsatirazi zimakhumudwitsa izi:

• Kulandila kwa zakudya zopanda thanzi. Izi ndi monga: nyama yomwe idapangidwa pamoto wotseguka, wonenepa, wokazinga, wokometsera, chakudya chosuta. Chifukwa chakuti thupi lili ndi mawonekedwe osakhazikika, limatenga zinthu zovulaza zomwe munthu amadya ngati siponji. Mukamadya chakudya chopanda malire, chimbudzi chimayamwa michere yambiri, yomwe imakhala yambiri ndipo imatha kuyambitsa matenda.
• Khalidweli. Odwala ambiri m'banjamo ali ndi anthu omwe amadwala matenda osiyanasiyana a kapamba. Mitundu yomwe imayambitsa matenda a bongo imatha kubadwa. Mothandizidwa ndi zovuta, kusintha uku kumatha kugwira ntchito ndikuwonekera. Chitsanzo ndi matenda ashuga 1.
• Mowa Chiwalo chimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ma alcohols. Amapha ma cell a ziwalo zonse. Zikatero, mwina, minofuyo imatha kusinthidwa ndi minofu yolumikizidwa. Ndiye chitsulo chimatseka ntchito. Kupanda kutero, chiwalocho chimafa pang'onopang'ono.
• Zilonda zopatsirana. Matenda angayambitse mabakiteriya, ma virus, protozoa, bowa.
• Ofooka chitetezo chokwanira. Njira zoteteza zimazimitsidwa. Makina onse amavutika. Makulidwe oyambilira a ana, ma immunodeficitures apakati pa matenda, anapeza chitetezo cha matenda a Edzi.
• Zowopsa za mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, izi ndiz poizoni ndi zitsulo zolemera, ma asidi, zamchere. Njira ndikuvuta kuyambiranso.
• Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Izi zikuphatikiza: Mankhwala osapweteka a anti-yotupa, mankhwala a chemotherapy, mankhwala a narcotic analgesics, mankhwala oletsa kupha ena ndi ena. Mukamamwa mankhwala aliwonse a pharmacological, nthawi zonse muziyenera kuwunika mbali zoyipa zomwe zikufotokozedwa mu malangizo.
• Zowononga zachilengedwe komanso malo ovulaza.
• Matenda obwera, cholelithiasis, matenda a m'mimba thirakiti, zovuta zamatumbo, immunodeficiencies.

Ntchito ya pancreatic

Mothandizirana, amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:

Ntchito ya procrine kapena yakunja ndiyofunikira kuti apange madzi a pancreatic, omwe amafunikira kugaya. Madzi awa amakhala ndi ma enzymes ofunikira pakuwonongeka kwa mafuta, mapuloteni, zakudya ndi zinthu zina. Endocrine kapena ntchito yamkati imapereka chinsinsi cha nthawi komanso chokwanira cha insulin, yomwe thupi limayenera kuyang'anira njira za metabolic, makamaka kagayidwe ka shuga.

Pachimake kapamba

Mwadzidzidzi akuwonekera mwa anthu kutupa kwa kapamba Amayitanidwa lakuthwakapamba. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndimakonda kumwa mowa kwambiri, zilonda zam'mimba komanso chikhodzodzo. Pokhudzana ndi zifukwa izi, kutuluka kwazinsinsi mu ma dancts a pancreatic kumasokonezedwa. Chifukwa chake, kupsinjika kumawonjezeka. Ma pancreatic enzymes, omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri, amalowetsedwa mu minofu ya pancreatic. Chifukwa chake, njira yachilendo ya "kudzimbidwa" kwa maselo imachitika. Kutupa kofulumira kwambiri kwa kapamba kumayamba mofulumira kwambiri.

At pachimake kapamba Kusintha kwamankhwala kapamba kumawonetsedwa. Mu minofu kumachitika kutulutsa magazi, kutupa mpaka necrosis kapamba. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amayamba kwambiri, mbali yake yayikulu ndi kupweteka kwa onse hypochondria, pansi pamimba, nthawi zina ululu umamanga.

Maonekedwe a zowawa amakhala amphamvu kwambiri, ndipo ndizovuta kuchotsa zovuta zoterezi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuukiridwa kumayendetsedwa ndi kusanza pafupipafupi ndi mseru pafupipafupi. Zomwe thupi limakhala nazo ndizosauka kwambiri: kuthamanga kwa magazi kutsitsidwa mtima. Pankhaniyi, chisamaliro chadzidzidzi chimafunika. Monga lamulo, wodwalayo amalizidwa kuchipatala.

Chifukwa chiyani kapamba amayatsidwa?

Kuyambika kwa chiwalo chilichonse kapena minofu kumachitika mosiyanasiyana pazinthu zingapo: kufooka kwa chitetezo cha m'deralo, kusokonekera kwa magazi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupezeka kwa kupsinjika, kuwonetseredwa ndi wopatsirana komanso woopsa.

Pancreas sichoncho. Zonse zimayamba ndi chifukwa chakuti pazifukwa zina chitetezo chamthupi chimachepa. Pankhani ya chakudya chamagaya - uku ndikunyalanyaza zakudya, kudya kwambiri, dysbiosis.

Ndi kuchepa kwa chitetezo, kachilombo ka michere kumatha kufika mosavuta ku chiwalo. Kuyika mkati mwa minofu yomwe ikujambulidwa, imayambitsa kutupa. Zinthu zotupa - ma cytokines amachita pabedi lamitsempha, kusintha magazi ndi magazi.

Ntchito ikuphwanyidwa. Zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi gland sizimasungidwa kuti zizigaya chakudya. Owonjezera awo amayamba kupukusa minyewa yawo ya kapamba. Apa ndipomwe matenda a kapamba amayamba.

Zizindikiro za Dyspeptic

Dyspepsia yotsatana ndi kapamba ndi mseru, kusokonezeka kwa chakudya, kusanza kwa chakudya chomwe chidyedwa komanso kusakhazikika kwa chopondapo. Monga lamulo, dyspepsia imawonekera kumayambiriro kwa matendawo pambuyo pazolakwika zakudya (kudya mafuta, kusuta fodya, bowa, tomato, uchi kapena mowa). Zosavuta zamtunduwu ndi vodka, zotumizidwa ndi chidutswa chozizira komanso phwetekere. Pali nthawi zina pamene kumwa mankhwala kumakhala koyambitsa matenda (nitrofurans, maantibayotiki, sulfonamides, valproic acid, azathioprine, sulfasalazitic, cytostatics). Werengani zambiri za chithandizo, zizindikiro ndi zomwe zimayambitsa dyspepsia.

Khansa ya m'maso isanayambe kusanza ndipo imagwirizananso ndi kubala kwa mitsempha ya vagus mkati mwa kapamba. Kusungunuka kumakhalapo kwamilandu yoposa eyiti peresenti ndipo sikubweretsa mpumulo.

Ndi chifukwa cha kuledzera. Poyamba, monga lamulo, ndi chikhalidwe chapamimba (kusanza kwa chakudya chomwe chadyedwa), ndipo kenako zomwe zamkati mwa duodenum (kusanza kwa bile) zimawonekera m'masanzi.

Kuchulukitsa komanso pafupipafupi kusanza kumatha kukhala kofunika kwambiri, komwe kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi pang'onopang'ono ndi madzi ndi ma elekitirodi. Pankhaniyi, mchere umasowa ndipo Hypoosmotic kuchepera madzi kumayamba.

Pali madigiri angapo am'madzi. Iliyense wa iwo ali ndi chithunzi chake chamankhwala.

Pa digiri yoyamba, mpaka magawo atatu a kulemera kwa thupi amataika, odwala amakhala ndi nkhawa ndi ludzu lofooka, zotupa za mucous. Ludzu lomwe limawonetsedwa sikhalidwe la kuchepa kwa electrolyte, limasinthidwa ndi kupumira mwachangu (kufupika kwa mpweya, zomwe zimayambitsa).

Ndi digiri yachiwiri, mpaka magawo asanu ndi anayi a kulemera kwake amataika. Pali ludzu lotchulidwa ndikuuma kwa mucous nembanemba. Kukula kwa khungu kumachepa (kuchuluka kwa kukula kwa khungu komwe kumatengedwa ndikutsikira). Dongosolo loyendetsa magazi limadwala - pali kuchuluka kwa mtima komanso kugunda kwa mtima. Chiwerengero cha mkodzo umachepetsedwa ndipo kuchuluka kwa mkodzo wolekeka kumachepa, kumakhala kwakuda.

Gawo lachitatu la kusowa kwamadzi limawonetsedwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa electrolyte ndi kuchepa kwa 10 peresenti ya kulemera. Mulingo wambiri: odwala samapumula, ali m'tulo. Amakhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kusokonezeka kwa mtima, kusowa kwa mucous ndi khungu, kuyerekezera sikungakhale kovulaza, kuyankhula ndi kuzindikira kungasokonezeke. Acidosis imayamba m'magazi ndipo imagovoicic inayamba kugunda ndikusazindikira zingapo komanso kulephera kwa ziwalo zingapo.

Amawonetsedwa ndi kusintha kwa kudzimbidwa ndi m'mimba. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, odwala ali ndi thukuta (flatulence, zimayambitsa) ndikusunga kwa chopondapo (onani njira zonse zothandizira kudzimbidwa). Izi ndichifukwa choti ma pancreatic enzymes ndi bile acid, omwe ali ndi mankhwala ofewetsa tulo, osalowa m'matumbo moyenera. Pambuyo kudzimbidwa, pakatha masiku angapo.

Pazifukwa

Madokotala amazindikira chachikulu pancreatitis pachimake anthu azaka 35-45 zaka (28-40 milandu pa anthu 1000).M'magulu okalamba, kuchuluka kwa milandu kumawonjezeka, zomwe zikusonyeza kudalira kwamatenda nthawi ya wodwala.

Ntchito ya pancreatic

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kapamba amachititsa zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Kuledzera kwambiri. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kosiyanasiyana, anthu omwe amakhala ndi mowa wambiri amawerengera 65-80% ya odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda a kapamba. Mowa umathandizanso kupanga ma enzyme.
2. Kusintha kwina kwa bile (Reflux) chifukwa chochepetsera kapena kufinya, kutsekeka kwa ndulu kumatulutsa ndi nthenda ya ndulu, zotupa, mapira.
3. Mafuta ambiri amapezeka m'magazi onenepa kwambiri, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Mafuta amapangitsa kuti michere iwonjezeke.
4. Matenda a ma virus, kuledzera. Chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwawo, pancreatitis yachilendo imakonda kuchitika.
5. Makina kuwonongeka kwa bile ducts. Zimachitika chifukwa cha kuvulala kwamakina, kugwira ntchito pamimba.
6. Matenda a shuga.
7. Kudziletsa.

Zoyambitsa Pancreatitis

Mawonetsedwe oyamba a kapamba ndiofunikira kuti chizindikiritso cha matenda a kapamba akhalepo. Matenda a kapamba amakhala ndi zizindikiro zingapo zodziwika bwino makamaka ku kapamba.

Mavuto

Ngati ntchito ya thupi yasokonekera, ndiye kuti imasiya kugwira ntchito moyenera, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zosiyanasiyana zosasangalatsa. Chifukwa chake, ndikusokonezeka kwa ntchito yamkati, kuchuluka kwakokwanira kwa ma enzymes kofunikira kuti pakhale kusweka kwathunthu komanso kusangalatsidwa ndi chakudya kumatha kulowa m'matumbo amunthu. Popeza michere siyokwanira, sikuti chakudya chonse chimaphwanyidwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti thupi limayamba kutaya michere, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto osiyanasiyana azachilengedwe, monga osteochondrosis, mtima wamatumbo, etc.

Chimodzi mwa matenda ofala kwambiri m'thupi ndi kapamba. Pazaka zomaliza za matendawa, maselo a glandular a chiwalo amasinthidwa kukhala minofu yolumikizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito zonse zitha kuchepa, ndipo nthawi zina necrosis.

Kuphwanya kwa endocrine ntchito zimakhudza kagayidwe kazakudya ndi mayamwidwe a shuga ndi thupi, zomwe zingayambitse kukula kwa matenda a shuga.

Matenda a kapamba

Nthawi zina matendawa amapezeka aakulu kapamba.

Mu mawonekedwe osakhazikika a kutupa kwa kapamba, njira yayitali ya matenda imadziwika. Magawo oyamba a matendawa akuwonetsedwa ndi edema ndi kukha magazi. Kuphatikiza apo, pamene matendawa akukula, minyewa ya m'matumbo imayamba kuchepa, ndipo imasinthidwa ndi minofu yolumikizika. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo a chancreatitis ndi uchidakwa, kupezeka kwa matenda a ndulu, zilonda zam'mimba ndi matenda ena a duodenum. Odwala atherosulinosis chifukwa cha zovuta kuzungulira kwa kapamba, kapamba wamkati amathanso kuyamba.

Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, munthu amakhala ndi nthawi yochulukirachulukira nthawi ndi nthawi, chizindikiro chawo chachikulu chimakhala kupweteka kwambiri, monga pachimake cha pancreatitis. Mankhwala nthawi zonse samachepetsa ululu. Mukukonzekera matendawa, kuchuluka kwa minyewa ya m'mimba kumatsika, ndipo zizindikiro zimawoneka zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa ma enzymes a pancreatic. Chakudya sichigayidwa bwino, wodwalayo amangodzaza m'mimba, kusowa kudya kumachepa, mwina kutsegula m'mimbandi kudzimbidwa. Ndikothekanso kuchepetsa kupangika kwa mahomoni a pancreatic, chifukwa chomwe shuga m'magazi amatha kuchuluka kwambiri.

Kuzindikira matenda a kapamba kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, chifukwa ambiri mwa matendawa amafanana ndi zizindikiro za matenda angapo am'mimba. Zambiri zolondola kwambiri zokhudzana ndi matenda a kapamba zimatha kupezeka phunziroli ndi ultrasound, compact tomography ndi X-ray ya ma pancreatic ducts.

Pochiza matenda a kapamba, ndikofunika kuwonetsa chipiriro chokwanira, kutsatira Zakudya ndikutsatira malingaliro onse a akatswiri.

Zizindikiro za kutupa

Zizindikiro zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Osati izi nthawi zonse kapena matenda omwe amawonetsa matenda amisempha. Chifukwa chake, pakakhala madandaulo azachipatala, wodwalayo ayenera kufunsa dokotala kuti afotokozere za matendawo komanso kuti apatseni chithandizo chofunikira.

1. Ululu wovuta m'mapapo. Chiwalocho chili kumanzere pamimba. Chifukwa chake, ululu ukufalikira pamenepo. Zitha kuyamba ndi dera la epigastric.

Poyamba, ululu ukupweteka mwachilengedwe, nthawi zina. Ngati matendawa afalikira kwambiri, kuukira kungachitike. Amadziwika ndi ululu woyaka wa m'chiuno, paroxysmal mwachilengedwe.

Pakukonzekera kuzunzika, mseru komanso kusanza kumachitika. Imatha kuperekera kumbuyo, phewa, phewa, mutu, impso kumanzere. Izi zonse ndizofanana ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha kapamba.

Ndi machitidwe a oncological, tsamba la zomwe polojekiti imakumanitsa imakhala yolemetsa, malingaliro opsinjika. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa kaphatikizidwe kazinthu.

2. Matenda a kapamba. Gululi limaphatikizapo kusintha kwa m'mimba ndi kusokonekera kwa mahomoni.

• Kuchepetsa msana matenda a kapamba. Khansa yambewu imawonekera chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa patency ndi kutuluka kwa madzi kuchokera ku chimbudzi cha pancreatic. Pali chodabwitsa cha kuledzera. Itha kukhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo ingadutse pambuyo pakusanza. Poyerekeza ndi ululu, nseru imakulirakulira. Ululu utachepa, umatha. Mutha kuthetsa mankhwalawa ndi antiemetics.
• Kutsekula m'matumbo a kapamba. Zimayambitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa ntchito ya enzyme. Chakudya chimalowa m'matumbo, koma osakwanira mankhwala ophatikiza amachotsedwa. Izi zimakwiyitsa njira za nayonso mphamvu, malabsorption. Kutsegula m'mimba kumawonekera. Amadziwika ndi zochuluka. Imawoneka wonenepa, wonyezimira. Imatsukidwa. Ili ndi fungo la fetid. Muli zosayenera za zinthu zopanda pake. Madzi okwanira amapita kangapo patsiku.
• Kubweza Sizichitika pafupipafupi monga zizindikiritso ziwiri zoyambirira. Zimachitika ndimadigiri apamwamba a matendawa. Phatikizani kusanza kwa Refresh panthawi ya kuwonekera kwa kuledzera. Nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi chiphuphu. Pambuyo pakusanza, mpumulo umabwera.
• Hypovitaminosis ndi magazi m'thupi. Amadziwika ndi khungu louma, misomali ya brittle, magazi a gingival, mawonekedwe a hemorrhagic.

Mukatengera kachilombo kachinsinsi kapena mavuto ena, zizindikiro zina zimatha kuoneka:

• Kutulutsa magazi m'mimba,
• Kupumphuka kwaapsaps,
• Hepatosplenomegaly - kuwonjezeka kokwanira pa kukula kwa chiwindi ndi ndulu,
• Ascites - kudzikundikira kwamadzi m'mimba,
• Peritonitis ndi kutupa kwa peritoneum. Moyo wowopsa
• Sepsis - matenda ophatikizika, kulowa kwa ma virus m'magazi ndi kuyambitsa ziwalo zina,
• Hypoglycemic kapena hyperglycemic chikomokere.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyambitsa matenda posachedwa.

Kusintha khungu

Mawonekedwe a pakhungu a kapamba amachepetsa pallor kapena jaundice chifukwa cha compression ya bile ducts ndi edematous kapamba. Pakhoza kukhalanso cyanosis ya zala, nasolabial patatu chifukwa cha kuledzera ndi kupuma kwa vuto (Lagerlef chizindikiro). Malo owoneka bwino amtunduwu amatha kuwonekera pakhungu la pamimba (nthawi zambiri kumanja kwa msomali). Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha Halstead. Mbali ya buluu yam'mimba ndi chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwamagazi m'mimba (chizindikiro cha Grey-Turner). Mtundu wachikasu wonyezimira umadziwika kuti ndi chizindikiro cha Kyuyulen. Mabala ozungulira navel ndi chizindikiro cha Grunwald.

Zizindikiro za kusowa kwa ziwalo

Zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, pali zizindikiro zina zodziwika za matenda aliwonse: kupweteka pansi pa nthiti yakumanja kapena kupendekera kwa dzuwa. Zizindikiro, monga lamulo, zimayamba kudziwonetsa pakapita nthawi chakudya. Zizindikiro zina zofala:

• kusanza ndi / kapena kusanza
• m'mimba moyenda
• kutulutsa, kutsegula m'mimba.

Ndi vuto la exocrine function, limodzi ndi kusowa kwa michere yam'mimba, odwala amadandaula chifukwa cha kusowa kwa matumbo (kutsegula m'mimba, mpweya, kusintha kwa utoto kukhala wachikasu kapena lalanje), kusowa chilimbikitso, komanso kupweteka kwa kapamba. Kulephera kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kumatha kumachitika kawirikawiri. Ndi matendawa, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa michere, zizindikilo zotere zimatha kuoneka:

• Kuuma ndi kusenda kwa khungu, gawo la malekezero a tsitsi, kudzola kwa misomali,
• kusowa kwa mavitamini m'thupi,
• kuwonda osasinthika
• pafupipafupi matumbo

Kutengera kwa kuwopsa kwa matendawa, kuuma kwa zizindikiro kumasiyana. Milandu yayikulu, tachycardia, thukuta kwambiri, chikaso cha khungu ndi maso, malungo, kufooka, komanso kawirikawiri, kugwedezeka kumachitika.

Nthenda yodziwika kwambiri ya kapamba ndi kapamba. Mu mawonekedwe owopsa, amatha kutsatiridwa ndi ululu wolimba wamkamwa, kuperekera kumbuyo, komwe nthawi zambiri kumatha kuthana ndi mankhwala a antispasmodic ndi analgesic. Ululu utha kuwonjezeka ndikusintha maonekedwe a thupi, torso, kuyenda.

Zofunika! Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe zalembedwa, musakoke - kuonana ndi dokotala. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, matenda a kapamba amatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa.

Nthawi zambiri, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda am'mimba ndicho kusowa kwa chakudya. Zikondwerero zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi:

• kuchuluka kwa zinthu zokhala ndi asidi (zipatso za zipatso, zipatso),
• kumwa kosawerengeka kwa maswiti,
• uchidakwa
• kumwa mankhwala.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa: matenda a duodenum, dongosolo la mtima, kuchepa kwa mahomoni, komanso kuvulala kwam'mimba komanso opaleshoni yam'mbuyomu. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a odwala, zomwe zimayambitsa sizikupezeka.

Zizindikiro za kutupa kwapancreatic

Mu chifuwa chachikulu cha pancreatitis, zizindikiro zimatchulidwa. Mitundu yovuta imakhala ndi chithunzi cholakwika chachipatala komanso chizindikiro chofatsa.

Pakati pazodziwika, zofunikira zovomerezeka za kapamba:

9 Zizindikiro zofunika za kapamba

Mwa zina zomwe siziri zachindunji ndizotheka:

1. Thupi. Zimachitika ndi matenda opatsirana komanso kuledzera.
2. Zotupa pakhungu, kuyabwa kwambiri. Khalidwe la chotupa njira, kufinya kwa bile ducts.
3. Jaundice (mtundu wachikaso wa khungu ndi mapuloteni amaso). Amawoneka ndi kutulutsa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono pang'ono kwa kutulutsa kwa ndulu kuchokera ku England.
4. Mutu waukulu. Zimachitika chifukwa cha kuledzera.

Kupweteka kwa kapamba

Chithandizo cha kutupa kwa kapamba

Mankhwalawa kapamba, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa nthawi yomweyo mankhwala oyenera a matenda omwe angayambitse kutupa kwa kapamba. Ndikofunika kwambiri kusiya kumwa mowa. Ngati pali miyala mu chikhodzodzo cha wodwalayo, ayenera kuchotsedwa.

Ndi kuchulukitsa kwa matendawa kapena mawonekedwe a matenda, dokotala, monga lamulo, amapereka mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kutulutsa madzi am'mimbakomanso mitundu ya enzyme yomwe ilibe zinthu bile. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musadye konse m'masiku ochepa a chithandizo cha kapamba. Pankhaniyi, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osakhala a carbonated alkaline mchere, tiyi wofooka amaloledwa.

Ngati matendawa afika posachedwa, ndiye kuti othandizira ayenera kutengedwa nthawi yayitali. Kukonzekera kumayenera kusinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, ndipo ngati mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo uchita bwino, ndiye kuti kwakanthawi kothandizira mankhwalawa mutha kupuma.

Zizindikiro za pancreatic

Kuukira kumatchedwa kupweteka kwambiri, kupweteka kwa ululu komwe kumachitika ma pathologies angapo. Amawoneka chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa pancreatic madzi, kutsekeka kwa kapamba, kukweza ndi kupindika kwa kapisozi.

Amadziwika ndi matenda: kapamba mu gawo la pachimake, miyala ya pancreatic, neclasms yoyipa.

Zizindikiro zakuwukira:

• Olimba, mwamphamvu, kupsinjika, kupweteka m'chiuno, komwe sikumatha konse ndi analgesics. Amatsitsa ziwalo zina.
• Mseru wosasangalatsa, kuwawa mkamwa.
• Pa kutalika kwa ululu kumverera, kusanza kwa bile kapena madzi a m'mimba.
• Matenda akulu am'mimba.
• Thupi.
• Kuchulukitsa kwa mtima komanso kuchuluka kwa magazi.
• Kukongola kwa khungu. Maonekedwe a madontho a thukuta lozizira mthupi.
• Wodwala amaopa kufa.

Matendawa amathandizidwa kuchipatala moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Chisamaliro chachikulu ndichotheka.

Kuwonetsedwa kwa matenda ena

Matenda ena a kapamba amawonekera kale koyambirira kwa kapamba. Amathandizira zizindikiro zopanda pake ndi chithunzi chonse cha matendawa:

1. Mu matenda a ndulu, kusanza kumawonedwa ndi ndulu, komwe kumachitika pakamwa. M'magawo oyamba, khungu limakhazikika, khungu lawo limakhala lachikasu, kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa jaundice pakadutsa matenda a bile kumakhala kodziwika. Ululu wambiri mu hypochondrium, womwe umatuluka mpaka m'mimba, umaphimba msana (msana).
2. Ngati nthendayo yaphatikizidwa ndi kutupa, kutentha kwa thupi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi zimachuluka kwambiri. Zowawa zimachitika ngati kugwidwa kwanthaŵi yayitali, kumakhala ndi chikhalidwe.
3. Ndi zotupa, m'mimba mumamera, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezereka, jaundice imayamba pang'onopang'ono, ndikuyamba kuyamwa. Odwala matenda ashuga.

Zotupa zam'mimba

Chotupa cha pancreatic chikhoza kukhala chamitundu iwiri: khansa ya kapamba, zomwe masiku athu ano ndizofala, ndipo zotupa zokhala ndi mahomonikupanga kuchokera ku maselo apadera. Izi zotupa zambiri secrete pancreatic mahomoni.

Khansa ya kapamba imatha kuwonetsa ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Zizindikiro za matendawa zimatha kukhala zosiyana, kutengera komwe ndindendomo - chotupa chake chikukula. Chifukwa chake, ngati pali khansa ya mutu wa chiwalo, ndiye kuti munthu amayamba jaundice chifukwa chakuti bile duct imakakamizidwa. Ngati khansa ikuwoneka m'thupi kapena mchira wa England, ndiye kuti wodwalayo akupita patsogolo kwambiri ku matenda ashuga.

Nthawi zambiri, ndi khansa ya kapamba, Zizindikiro zomwezo zimawonedwa ndikukula kwakukula kwa kapamba. Kuphatikiza apo, nthenda yoyipayi imachitika nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kutupa kwa kapamba. Nthawi yomweyo, munthu amamva kupweteka kwambiri, amachepetsa kwambiri thupi, njala yake imachepa. Mpaka pano, chifukwa cha kafukufuku wa ultrasound, chotupa cha pancreatic chapezeka koyambirira.

Ma chotupa okhala ndi mahomoni ali ngati chidziwitsondi zoyipa machitidwe. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda oterewa ndi zizindikiro za kusokonezeka kwa metabolic, momwe timadzi tambiri tambiri timawonekera m'magazi. Ndiye kuwonjezeka kwa timadzi tambiri timagazi tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi yodziwira zotupa zamtunduwu. Komanso chotupa chofananacho chitha kuzindikira pakompyuta yolemba ndi kufufuza kwa ma ultrasound. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo cha opaleshoni ndizotheka, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito chemotherapy.

Pancreatic cyst

Pancreatic cyst - Iyi ndi kapisozi kochepa komwe madzimadzi amadzisonkhanitsa mumiyendo yamatumbo. Ma cyst amatha kupezeka mwachindunji mu gland, komanso mu minofu pafupi nayo. Matenda oterewa omwe amakhala ndi ma frequency omwewo amachitika mwa amuna ndi akazi pazaka zosiyanasiyana. Ndi chizolowezi kusiyanitsa mitundu iwiri ya cysts: kubadwa ndi zopezeka. Nawonso ma cysts omwe atengedwa amasiyanitsa izi: kusunga, kusokonekera, kuchuluka, parasitic.

Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zina wodwala amapezeka ndi "cyst wabodza". Mapangidwe awa amawonekera chifukwa cha chitukuko cha pancreatitis pachimake kapena kapamba wa necosis, yemwe adapangidwa chifukwa chovulala. M'matumbo a cyst abodza, monga lamulo, pamakhala timadzi timadzito ndi necrotic. Pancreatic cyst yabodza ikhoza kukhala mu gawo lililonse la iwo ndipo imakula mpaka kukula kwakukulu: nthawi zina mu cyst mumakhala pafupifupi malita 1-2 a zomwe zili.

Ngati pancreatic cyst ndi yaying'ono, ndiye kuti wodwalayo sangakhale ndi zizindikiro konse. Zizindikiro zowoneka bwino za matendawa zimachitika pamene chotupa chikukula kwambiri komanso kuponderezana kapena kufalitsa ziwalo zomwe zapezeka pafupi. Pamaso pa chotupa chachikulu mthupi, munthu amamva kupweteka pamimba, kuchepa thupi, kumadumphadumpha kutentha kwa thupi, zizindikiro za dyspeptic. Ululu umatha kukhala wokhazikika kapena paroxysmal. Pankhaniyi, ma cysts amachitidwa opaleshoni, ndipo kusankha kwa maluso kumadalira kukula ndi malo omwe amapangidwira zikondamoyo.

Miyala ya kapamba

Miyala ya kapamba Amapangidwa pang'ono. Mawonekedwe amiyala mumiyendo ya tiziwindo kapena kuphatikizika kwa mchere m'mphepete mwa nduluyo imatha kudziwonetsa ngati matenda oyima pawokha, kapena chifukwa cha matenda omwe kale amasamutsa kapamba. Ngati tilingalira za kupanga kwa miyala mu kapamba, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku calcium carbonates ndi phosphorous. Miyala yopangidwa kuchokera ku magnesium, silicon ndi salt aluminiyamu imachitika kangapo. Amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana kukula, kukhala ochulukirapo, komanso amodzi amodzi nthawi imodzi. Miyala nthawi zambiri imapezeka kumutu kwa chithokomiro, nthawi zambiri m'malo ena.

Mpaka lero, zifukwa zomwe zimakhalapo zamiyala sizikudziwika bwino, koma akuganiza kuti miyala imayamba chifukwa chophwanya phosphorous calcium metabolism m'thupi. Predispose pakuwonekera kwa miyala mu kapamba wakukhazikika kwa msuzi wa kapamba mu kapamba ndi kutupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa chodwala.

Zizindikiro zonenedwa za matendawo sizimawonetsedwa nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri, miyala imadziwika mwangozi ndi X-ray. Ndi zizindikiro zazikulu, wodwalayo amamva kupweteka kwambiri pamimba pamatumbo, mpaka kumbuyo. Zimachitika kuti ululu nthawi ndi nthawi umadutsa mawonekedwe a paroxysmal. Kumva kupweteka kumayamba kutchulidwa maola angapo mutatha kudya.

Matendawa akapita patsogolo, wodwalayo amasinthana ndi kudzimbidwa ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba, ndipo chilala chimachepa. Ngati miyala yasunthira kumtunda wamba wa dancertic, wodwalayo amatha kuwonetsa chotupa choteteza.

Kuti adziwitse matenda, adokotala amatsogozedwa ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku komanso kufufuza kwa wodwalayo, komanso chidziwitso kuchokera ku maphunziro a x-ray. Njira yamankhwala imasankhidwa kutengera momwe wodwalayo aliri, kaya pali zovuta. Ngati matendawa apita mosavuta, ndiye kuti kudwala kothandizanso pochiritsa, kuthandizira komanso kubwezeretsa mankhwala kudzakhala kokwanira. Ngati matendawa ndi oopsa, pafupipafupi amalembedwa, ndiye pamenepa, chithandizo cha opaleshoni chimalembedwa.

Zakudya za matenda a kapamba

Mukamachiritsa kapamba, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti azitsatira zakudya zapadera za kapamba. Pali makina omwe amalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a kapamba. Muyenera kuphatikiza buledi wopanda menyu, komanso mkate wopanda bula.

Zakudya za kapamba zimaphatikizapo kuphatikizidwa pafupipafupi mu zakudya zoyambirira - masamba ndi mkaka soups, borscht, msuzi kabichi. Lachiwiri, mukamadya zakudya zotere, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyama zosafunikira, ng'ombe, nyama ya kalulu, nsomba yophika kapena mawonekedwe a cutlets ofunda, nyama zosapumira, mphodza. Mitundu yonse ya masamba imaloledwa kupatula yokazinga. Zakudya za kapamba zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga chimanga, pasitala, mkaka ndi zakudya. Muyenera kupewa mafuta; mafuta ochepa kwambiri amaloledwa. Dzira limodzi patsiku ndilolandilanso. Monga zakumwa, compote, zakudya, tiyi wopanda mphamvu ndizoyenera.

Chakudyacho sichiloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mbale zotentha kwambiri komanso zozizira, nyama zosuta, nsomba, msuzi wa nyama, nsomba yamafuta, nyama, zonunkhira, chokoleti, ayisikilimu, maapulo wowawasa, bowa, mowa. Ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti mbale zimayenera kukhala zophika kapena kuwiritsa, simungawonjezere zonunkhira.

Kupewa kwa Matenda a Pancreatic

Njira zopewera matenda kapamba, choyambirira, zimakhala ndi kutsatira malamulo ena ofunika. Tizikumbukira nthawi zonse kuti vuto loyipa la gland ndi mowa, kusuta, zakudya zosavomerezeka, zakudya zamafuta kwambiri. Zonsezi ziyenera kupewedwa nthawi iliyonse yomwe zingatheke. Njira yabwino yodzitetezera ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala azitsamba pafupipafupi kuchokera ku mabulosi abulu, nthata, malalanje, dandelion, chiuno. Pamavuto ochepa kwambiri ndi kapamba, muyenera kukana zakudya zazonunkhira komanso zokazinga, zakudya zamafuta kwambiri, pewani zokhwasula-khwasula mukamamwa mowa.

Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa zakudya ndikuthandizira kukhala athanzi. Moyenera, zakudya zimayenera kudyedwa pang'ono, kangapo kasanu patsiku, ndipo ziyenera kukhalanso chimodzimodzi pakudya. Chosafunikanso kwambiri ndicho chakudya chochuluka.

Ngati munthu ali ndi matenda ena am'mimba, maphunziro ndi kufunsana ndi dokotala ziyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi.

Zizindikiro zapadera

Zizindikiro zapadera zomwe zimapezeka pakadutsa pamimba zimatsimikiziridwa, ngati lamulo, kokha ndi dokotala.

• Chizindikiro cha Mayo-Robson ndichopweteka chakumaso kwa mbali yakumanzere ya nthiti.
• Chizindikiro cha Dudkevich chimafotokozedwa ngati kupweteka kwapweteka pomwe dzanja la dokotala likhazikitsidwa 2 cm pansi pa msomali ndipo limasunthira mkati ndikukhazikika.
• Ngati m'mphepete mwa dzanja mumayenda mosasunthika mu epigastrium, ndiye kuti ululu womwe ukutulukirawu ndi chizindikiro chabwino cha Chukhrienko.
• Zizindikiro Shchetkina-Blumberg - kuwonjezeka kwa zilonda pakukoka dzanja nthawi yam'mimba, imadziwika kwambiri ndi peritonitis. Pamene pathological mayamwidwe akuwonekera pamimba pamimba, omwe amalumikizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa kapamba ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa peritoneum ndi michere, zizindikiro za kuyimitsidwa kwa peritoneal zimapezeka, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuyambika kwa peritonitis.

Zizindikiro zasayansi

Chodziwika kwambiri cha kutupa kapena kuwonongeka kwa kapamba ndizosintha pakuwunika magazi ndi zamankhwala amwazi amthupi, komanso kusintha kwamkodzo.

• Kuyesedwa kwa magazi

Idzayankha mwakuwonjezeka kwa erythrocyte sedimentation rate (oposa 10 mm pa ola limodzi mwa amuna ndi oposa 20 mwa azimayi), leukocytosis wachibale (kuchuluka kwa leukocytes oposa 9 G / l), omwe akuwonetsa kutupa. Ndi chiwonongeko chachikulu komanso kuwonjezeredwa kachilombo koyambitsa matenda oyera, "kusintha kwa njira ya leukocyte kumanzere" kumawonekera, ndiko kuti, chiwonjezeko cha anthu omwe agawika komanso akhanda leukocytes.

Ngati mungadziwe hematocrit (kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira am'magazi kuti akhale ndi plasma voliyumu), ndiye kuti amayamba chifukwa cha kufooka (mwa amuna> 54, mwa akazi> 47%). Kuchulukana kwapadera m'maselo ofiira a m'magazi kumatsimikizidwanso. Zikakhala kuti pali hemorrhagic pancreatitis pambuyo pake, kukula kwa kuchepa kwa magazi kumatheka (kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira am'magazi ndi hemoglobin). Magazi a shuga m'magazi nthawi zambiri amachuluka komanso amaposa 5.5 mmol / L.

Nthawi zambiri imazindikira kuchuluka kwa amylase, kukwera pamwamba pa 125 U / L m'maola 12 oyambirira a matenda. Ngati necrosis ya gland yachitika, amylase imagwa. Kuchulukitsa kwa lipase, trypsin, ndi enzyme inhibitor kumawonetseratu. Masiku ano, chodziwika bwino ndikuwonjezereka kwa masiku awiri oyambirira a magazi.

Komabe, enzymeyi siyotsimikizika muma labotore onse. ALaT, ASaT ndi LDH amakula, zomwe zikuwonetsa kusweka kwa maselo. Chifukwa cha jaundice, kuchuluka kwa zosagwirizana komanso zokwanira bilirubin zimachuluka. Acidosis imatsogolera kugwa m'magawo a calcium, magnesium ndi chloride.

Gwiritsani ntchito kuwonjezeka kwa kupindika kwake, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni (masilinda), maselo oyera am'magazi komanso maselo ofiira am'magazi potulutsa madzi kapena kuwonongeka kwa impso. Minyewa ya diastasis imayamba kupitilira mayunitsi 100 okhala ndi malire apamwamba pazinthu 64. Thupi la shuga ndi ketone limawonekeranso mkodzo, zomwe zimawonetsa kuphwanya kwa chakudya chamafuta ndi mapuloteni.

Zizindikiro za matenda ena kapamba

Kuphatikiza pa pancreatitis yachilendo, palinso ma pathologies ena angapo omwe amakhudza kapamba. Zizindikiro za matendawa, kuzindikira ndi kulandira chithandizo nthawi zambiri zimadalira gawo la momwe izi zikuchitikira komanso kutulutsa kwawoko.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a kapamba zimadziwika bwanji ndimatenda ambiri? Izi ndizopweteka, dyspepsia ndi mawonekedwe a mayeso a labotale.

Zizindikiro

Mpaka pano, njira zodalirika kwambiri zopezera chidziwitso cha momwe thupi lamkati lamunthu limagwirira ntchito ndi njira zowonera: ultrasound, CT, X-ray maphunziro. Chifukwa chake, adokotala amawafotokozera iwo.

Njira yodziwira matenda amayamba ndi mbiri yachipatala: wodwalayo amafotokozera dokotala za madandaulo ake, pomwe dokotalayo amafunsa mafunso omveka bwino okhudza mtunduwo komanso kuuma kwa zizindikirazo. Kenako pamimba palpation imapangidwa kuti iwonenso ziwalo zamkati ndikuwona momwe matendawo awonekera. Pambuyo pake, adotolo atha kutumiza mtundu wa ultrasound kapena complication tomography kuti ayang'ane kapamba, kuwerenga momwe aliri, malo, ndi zina. Pa mayeso awa, ndikosavuta kudziwa kuvulala, miyala, cysts, chotupa form, etc.

Monga zowonjezera, kuyezetsa magazi ndi mkodzo kuchipatala kumatha kuchitika, zomwe ndizofunikira kutsimikizira matenda kapena njira zina mthupi zomwe zimakhudza gawo la chiwalo.

Pakakhala zovuta kapena zotsutsana, dokotalayo atha kukulimbikitsani kulingalira zamagalasi, komanso kuyesa kwamtundu wa chiwalo.

Zofunika! Osadziyesa nokha! Matenda ambiri a kapamba ali ndi zizindikiro zofananira, chifukwa chake inunso, popanda zida zapadera, simudzatha kudziwa matendawa molondola.

Kuti mukayezetse, muyenera kulumikizana ndi akatswiri othandizira kapena lingaliro la gastroenterologist.

Kuchira kwathunthu komanso kwathunthu kumatengera ndi matenda omwe mudapezeka. Chifukwa chake, mu gawo lino tikambirana malingaliro angapo omwe madokotala akuwonetsa kwa odwala onse omwe ali ndi matenda a kapamba, komanso njira zochizira matenda angapoofala.

Momwe mungadziwire matenda a kapamba

Kupenda matenda moyenerera komanso kwathunthu kumatha kufotokozedwa ndi dokotala. Pachizindikiro choyamba muyenera kulumikizana naye. Poyamba, deta yonse imasonkhanitsidwa zodandaula komanso kuwonetsa kwa matenda. Kenako, maphunziro azachipatala ambiri amaikidwa.

• Kuyesedwa kwa magazi konse. Mmenemo, chithunzi chotupa, matenda am'magazi adzawonedwa.
• Kuyesa kwamikodzo kwamkaka kukuwonetsa zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa impso.
• Kuyesedwa kwa biochemical magazi kumayesedwa kuti kugwiritse ntchito zizindikiro za chakudya ndi michere: shuga, cholesterol, mapuloteni onse, ALT, AST, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, CRP. Ngati ndi kotheka, onjezerani mindandanda.
• Ultrasound kuwunika kwam'mimba. Kudzera khoma lakutsogolo kwam'mimba, dziko la gland, kuchuluka kwake, kukula kwake, kuchuluka kwa kuwala kumawunika ndi sensor akupanga. Pamaziko a ultrasound, titha kufotokoza za matenda a kapamba.
• Endoscopic ultrasound ya kapamba. Zothandiza pakuyesa mutu wa chiwalo. Mapeto amtsogolo ndi chubu chopyapyala ndi kamera kumapeto. Ma endoscope amayikidwa mu esophagus, m'mimba, ndi duodenum kudzera pakamwa pa wodwalayo. Kupyola khoma lake, dziko la gland limatha kuyesedwa ndi ma akupanga pazizindikiro.
• X-ray yamimba yam'mimba. Zikuwonetsa ma neoplasms.
• Amatha kugwiritsa ntchito makina ophatikizika ndi maginito. Onaninso za momwe thupi liliri m'magawo angapo.
• Pazifukwa zodziwitsa, opaleshoni imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito punctures pakhungu pamimba - laparoscopy. Yesani makamera azitsulo zamatenda.

Yankho losatsutsika ndiloti ngati nkovuta kupereka chithandizo cha kapamba. Zonse zimatengera matenda, kuuma, mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo, kutalika kwa maphunzirowo.

Kuukira kwa chifuwa chachikulu cha pancreatitis kumayambiriro kwa chizindikiritso choyamba kumatha kuchiritsidwa. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kutsatira zakudya zovuta komanso malingaliro onse a dokotala.

Matenda a kapamba amavuta kuchiritsa. Madokotala amati ichi si machiritso, koma gawo la kuchotsedwa. Pomwe malingaliro onse akatsatiridwa, matenda a zamatenda samadziwonetsa.

Ngati malangizowo sakutsatiridwa, chipatala chowonjezera chikuyambiranso. Chifukwa chake matendawa amatengera wodwala yekha.

Pancreatic necrosis siyisintha. Amathandizidwa kokha. Mankhwala othandizira amapatsidwa kuti akhale ndi thupi.

Cysts amachotsedwa ntchito. Pambuyo pakuzichotsa, zizindikiro zonse zimachoka. Wodwalayo amaonedwa ngati wathanzi.

Matenda a shuga sangathe. Koma ngati mumatsatira zakudya komanso kulandira mankhwala, ndiye kuti odwala otere amakhala ndi moyo wautali popanda zoletsa zazikulu.

Chithandizo cha Pancreatic

Ndi mwambo kugwiritsa ntchito magawo akuluakulu pochiza:

• Chithandizo cha kutupa ndi mankhwala.
• Zakudya zamankhwala.
• Mankhwala othandizira.
• Mankhwala azitsamba.

Zonsezi zimayamba ndi chithandizo cha kutupa kwaminyewa. Kuti muchite izi, magulu otsatirawa a mankhwala amafunikira:

• Othandizira antibacterial.Maanti -amu osokoneza bongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito: penicillin, 3 ndi 4 m'badwo wa cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, matumbo antiseptics. Chitsanzo chikhoza kukhala Amoxiclav, Nifuroxazide, etc. Maphunzirowa amakhala kwa milungu iwiri. Kugulitsa ndi mankhwala okha. Kuvomerezedwa kuyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi adokotala.
• Mankhwala, mapiritsi am'mimba zopweteka ndi kapamba. Awa ndi mankhwala osapweteka a antiidal. Ikani Ketorol, Ibuprofen, Nimesulide.
• Mankhwala opha ululu m'mimba ndi kapamba. Mankhwala othandiza kwambiri akuphatikiza antispasmodics. Amapumula kamvekedwe ka minofu, kuthetsa kuphipha. Chitsanzo: No-shpa, Drotaverin, Spazmalgon, Duspatalin.
• M'malo mankhwala. Kutsogolera chimbudzi ndikuchepetsa kwambiri munthawi ya kuchuluka, ma enzymes amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Creon, Mezim, Pancreatin.

Pamene njira zikuyenda ndipo pakakhala zofunika, chithandizo cha opaleshoni chimachitika kuchipatala. Madera omwe akukhudzidwawa ndi omwe amakonzanso kukonzanso thupi.

Pozindikira koyambirira komanso chithandizo choyenera cha matenda a kapamba sangakhale amantha.

Pancreatitis

Ndikofunikira kuyamba kuchiza pancreatitis ndi kusala kwathunthu. Kuchita koteroko ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kapangidwe ka madzi a pancreatic ndikumasulira chiwalo. Monga lamulo, kuvutika ndi njala kumatha osapitilira masiku 1-2 ndipo sikubweretsa vuto lalikulu kwa wodwalayo, chifukwa kulakalaka kumachepetsa pakokha masiku angapo asanafike kuukira. Mukasala kudya, timalimbikitsidwa kudya madzi amchere ambiri (madzi amchere opanda gasi, madzi ndi koloko, msuzi wa rosehip).

Ngati pancreatitis ikupezeka mu mawonekedwe owopsa, ndiye kuti kuchipatala kwa wodwala ndikofunikira.

Pankhaniyi, madokotala amalimbikitsanso kuvutika ndi njala, wodwalayo amapatsidwa madzi akumwa ndi saline.

Kuchepetsa ululu, ma painkillers (No-shpa, Ibuprofen, Paracetamol, Diphenhydramine) amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ayezi amathanso kuikidwa kapamba. Pofuna kupewa kukwiyitsa mucous membrane wa thupi, kukonzekera kwa antacid mu mawonekedwe a kuyimitsidwa ndi ma gels amagwiritsidwa ntchito (Almagel - imakupatsani mwayi womwe ungasokoneze asidi, Ocid - amachepetsa kapangidwe kake).

Komanso pamankhwala, kutsitsa chiwalo, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa michere yomwe imapangidwa. Kukonzekera kokhazikika kapena kwa aprotinin kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepa, ndipo mutamaliza maphunzirowa, mankhwala amalembedwa kwa wodwala kuti azisungitsa kuchuluka kwa kapamba (Mezim, Festal).

Muzochuluka kwambiri, opaleshoni ikhoza kukhala yofunikira kuchotsa gawo la kapamba ndi ndulu. Kuchitapo kanthu kwa opaleshoni kumachitika potsekera ndulu, kupezeka kwa miyala mu chikhodzodzo, ndulu.

Mawonekedwe omwe amapezeka mu kapamba akhoza kukhala amitundu iwiri: chosaopsa komanso chovulala. Nthawi zambiri awa ndi zotupa za endocrine (ndiye kuti, zimapangidwa chifukwa cha kupangika kwa mahomoni) mwa azimayi. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo chokwanira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito: chemotherapy, radiation therapy kapena opaleshoni yowonetsa.

Yofunika mankhwalawa matenda onse a kapamba ndimadyedwe. Ngati gawo lofunikira la yankho likanyalanyazidwa, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo atha kukhala opanda mphamvu. Zakudya zoterezi ndizofunikira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda otupa a kapamba (mwachitsanzo, kapamba).

Zoyenera kupatula zakudya:

• chokoleti, maswiti, confectionery,
• tchipisi, maulalo, timitengo ta chimanga, kutafuna chingamu, ndi zina zambiri,
• chakudya chokazinga
• zonunkhira, zonunkhira, mpiru, nyama zosuta, zakudya zamzitini, masoseji,
• zakumwa zoledzeretsa
• zipatso ndi masamba obiriwira, komanso timadziti tamene timatulutsa,
• tiyi wamphamvu ndi khofi.

M'malo mwake, mutha kuwotcha nyama ndi nsomba, chimanga, pasitala, mkaka (osati wowawasa tchizi ndi tchizi chinyumba, kefir, yogati), mazira, zakudya, zipatso zokoma, mkate.

Nawa malingaliro pamomwe mungapangire zakudya zanu pakudya bwino:

1. Chakudya cham'mawa - chimanga (oatmeal, buckwheat, mpunga) kapena mazira osenda.
2. Mkatewo ndi woyera kapena dzulo ndi lakuda.
3. Chakudya chamasana, msuzi wamafuta ochepa, msuzi wa kabichi, msuzi wamkaka,
4. Chakudya chamadzulo - magawo owiritsa kapena ophika a nyama yopendekera, mabatani a nyama, zotchingira nyama, zotchingira nyama, zomangira nyama.
5. Monga ma appetizer - masamba a saladi amawotcha mafuta ochepa a mpendadzuwa.
6. Lokoma - makeke a galette, uchi, kupanikizana wopanda wowawasa, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
7. Zakumwa - tiyi ofooka, kissel, compote, mkaka, mankhwala a zitsamba.

Zithandizo za anthu

Inde, chithandizo chamankhwala wowerengeka sichingalole kuti muchotse matendawa, koma zidzakhala zowonjezera pamachitidwe achikhalidwe. Njira imodzi yothandiza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito misuzi malinga ndi mankhwala omwe Dr. Walker adalemba, omwe adapanga motengera maphikidwe omwe adabwera kwa ife kuchokera kwa makolo athu akale. Pophika muyenera:

• Brussels imamera
• nyemba zobiriwira
• masamba letesi
• kaloti

Kuchokera pazophatikizidwa pamwambapa, pezani madziwo ndikugwiritsa ntchito juzi (kapena muzipukuta ndikufinya msuzi wake ndi gauze). Sakanizani zakumwa - madziwo ali okonzeka. Tengani 100 ml kawiri tsiku lililonse m'mawa ndi madzulo.

Zochitika pa zaka zoposa 7.

Maluso aluso: kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matenda am'mimba komanso biliary dongosolo.

About diagnostics

Symbomatology ya pancreatitis ndiyowonjezereka kotero kuti kuwunika kolondola nthawi zambiri kumatha kukhazikitsidwa pambuyo pa maphunziro angapo. Dokotala wodziwa bwino adazindikira pancreatitis yovuta atamuyesa ndikufunsa wodwala - kukhazikitsa mtundu wa matendawa, kufotokozera za kukhalapo kwa concomitant pathologies, matenda ena amatha pokhapokha pofufuza mwatsatanetsatane wazotsatira zakusaka.

Zina mwazomwe mayeso omwe dokotala adzapereka zidzakhala:

1. Kuyesedwa kwa magazi konse.
2. Biochemical maphunziro a madzi am'madzi ndi mkodzo.
3. Ultrasound ya kapamba, ngati pakufunika, chiwindi, bile ducts.
4. Roentgenogram.
5. Angiography.
6. Laparoscopy
7. Endoscopy ya chapamwamba m'mimba thirakiti (ndi amaganiza kuti pachimake kapamba).
8. Fibrogastroduodenoscopy (wa chifuwa chachikulu).
9. Cholangiopancreatography (MRI), zotupa (ngati khansa ikukayikiridwa).

Ultrasound ya kapamba

Chithandizo cha matenda a pancreatic nthawi zonse chimakhala ndi zoletsa zina.

1. Mu pancreatitis pachimake, kupumula kwa ululu kumabwera kutsogolo kwa chithandizo. Pazovuta zovuta za matenda, maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Onetsetsani kuti mwatenga njira zochotsetsedweresa.
2. Ma fomu osachiritsika amathandizidwa ndi ma enzymes.
3. Opaleshoni, laparoscopy amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati matenda a gallstone, pangozi zadzidzidzi (kutsekeka kwa mabowo ndi miyala), ndikupanga ma cysts akuluakulu, kufinya ma ducts ndi zotupa.
4. Chithandizo cha zotupa ndizovuta kwambiri. Zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a enzymatic, chemotherapy, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira opaleshoni.

Mu gawo loyambirira la mankhwalawa, muyenera kudya zakudya zapadera, ndikuwonetsa kuti muli ndi njala. Kukumana koopsa kungafune kudya kwa masiku 7, kukhathamira kwa mphamvu yocheperako, nthawi yosala kudya ndiyambira masiku awiri mpaka anayi.

Chithandizo cha pachimake kapamba

Munthawi imeneyi, njira zimatengedwa kuti mupweteke. Kunyumba (colic yaying'ono), mutha kugwiritsa ntchito antispasmodics:

1. No-Shpu, mapiritsi 2 Pambuyo maola 4, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchokera zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi (mapiritsi 2 apamwamba / tsiku muyezo waukulu, kwa ana a zaka 6 - 6 mapiritsi 3 / tsiku pamasiku atatu).
2. Papaverine, Drotaverinum: akulu ndi ana ochokera wazaka 12 zakubadwa mapiritsi. pambuyo maola 8, koma osaposa 6 mapiritsi. patsiku.
3. Mebeverin: 1 zisoti. pambuyo 12 maola. Mankhwalawa sanatchulidwe pa nthawi ya mimba.
4. Meteospasmil: 1 zisoti. pambuyo maola 8-12 a ana ochokera wazaka 14 ndi akulu. Osamalamulira amayi apakati.
5. Mapiritsi a Buscopan 1-2 Pambuyo maola 3-4 kwa ana ochokera zaka 6 ndi akulu.

Kuti muchepetse kupweteka kwambiri kunyumba, ma analgesics amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

1. Baralgin (250-500 mg osaposa katatu pa tsiku). Osagwiritsa ntchito panthawi yapakati, ana ochepera zaka 6.
2. Pentalgin (500 mg mpaka katatu / tsiku, max. 2 g / tsiku). Wolemba ana osaposa zaka 12, panthawi yoyembekezera, HB.
3. Trigan -D (piritsi limodzi mpaka katatu / tsiku) Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana azaka 15 ndi akulu. Osagwiritsa ntchito panthawi yoyembekezera, HB, ana amathandizidwa ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.

Popanda matenda am'mimba, magazi ndi ziwopsezo kupita ku NVSP, mankhwala ochokera ku mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Voltaren, Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) Movalis, Indomethacin imwani mapiritsi 1-2 mutatha maola 4-6, osapitirira mapiritsi 6 / tsiku.

Movalis mwa mapiritsi

Mukamayeseza njira zochizira kuchipatala, kuyambitsa novocaine kudzera mu dontho kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, pazovuta kwambiri, opiates amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zofunika! Chithandizo cha pancreatitis chimaphatikizapo njira zothetsera thupi, kunyumba, njira yosavuta kwambiri ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri abwino.

Ngati pancreatitis ikapezeka, zizindikiro za matendawa zimapezekanso m'mapapo. Mankhwala nthawi zonse amaphatikizapo kumwa mankhwala a enzymatic. Mankhwalawa amagwetsera mafuta, mapuloteni ndi zakudya, samafuna kuti ma enzyme apangidwe ndi gland yemweyo, ndikuthandizira kubwezeretsanso minyewa yowonongeka.

Mankhwalawa chodwala matenda a kapamba

Kukonzekera kwa enzyme kumasulidwa pansi pa mayina ambiri amalonda:

• Ajizim
• Eurobiol
• Zentase
• Innozim
• Chiyarimu
• Chiboni
• Mezim
• Micrazim
• Panzinorm,
• Pancreasim
• Pancreatin
• Pancytrate
• Pentasil
• Fermentium
• Chikondwerero
• Enzibene
• Malembo

Kapangidwe kamankhwala, osatengera dzina, kumaphatikizapo ma enzymes ochokera ku chiwindi cha nkhumba. Kukonzekera kuli ndi kuchuluka kwa ma enzymes angapo a manambala:

• lipases - 3500ED,
• ma amylases - 4200ED,
• proteinase - 250 PIECES.

Enzymes mu mankhwala amaikidwa mu yapadera kumaika enteric (piritsi kapena kapisozi ating kuyimitsa), yomwe imangoyamwa m'matumbo okha.

Amayambitsa matenda a kapamba

Njira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana - kuchokera ku 10,000. Mgwirizano mpaka magawo 35,000.

Chiwerengero cha ma enzymes amadziwika malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchepa kwa thupi. Mlingo umasiyana:

1. Popeza palibe kupanga enzyme (kuchotsedwa kwa kapamba, ndulu ya chikhodzodzo, kupezanso m'mimba), ma enzyme amapatsidwa moyo. Mlingo umachokera kuzinthu 35,000 nthawi imodzi pachakudya chilichonse.
2. Posintha pang'ono, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma muyezo yaying'ono (kuchokera ku ma 10,000 saizi katatu patsiku).
3. Pazovuta za kapamba, maphunziro a mankhwala amaperekedwa kuyambira miyezi iwiri mpaka itatu.

Malangizo. Tengani mapiritsi kapena makapisozi zakudya kapena mukatha kudya, osafuna kutafuna. Sambani pansi ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu (kuchokera pa 200 ml) wamadzi oyera opanda mpweya. Simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito timadziti. Ngati wodwala sangathe kumeza kapisozi, amaloledwa kuphatikiza zomwe zili mkati ndi applesauce wosakomoka. Kuphatikizikako kumatengedwa ndi chakudya. Mapiritsi sangathe kuphwanyidwa.

Ndi kapamba, chithandizo chimatenga nthawi yayitali. Kuchiritsa mawonekedwe owopsa, zimatenga miyezi inayi mpaka isanu ndi itatu, pomwe wodwalayo amatsatira zakudya ndikuyamba kukonzekera enzyme.

Zakudya zoperewera, zakudya sizikhala zovutirapo, koma zimawonedwa pafupipafupi. Kukonzekera kwa enzyme kumatengedwa pamaphunziro, malinga ndi dokotala.

Kufunika kwapadera kwa zakudya

Kuphatikiza pa kumwa mankhwala a enzyme, chakudya ndi chimodzi mwazinthu ziwiri zofunika kwambiri pa matenda a kapamba.

Munthawi yopweteka kwambiri, njala imakhalapo, pambuyo pake tebulo No. 5p limayambitsidwa kwa wodwala. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazakudya zopatsa mphamvu.

Ndi chakudya chamtengo wapatali 6-7 pa tsiku. Kutumiza kamodzi sikungakhale ndi chakudya choposa 200-350 g, ndipo mafuta osapitilira 10 g. Zakudya zimaphatikizapo mchere wochepa (7 g / tsiku), shuga (10 g / tsiku), maswiti (15-20 g / tsiku) . Pochulukirapo, nyama yopanda mafuta, nsomba zamafuta ochepa, mkaka wowonda, mazira (1/5 ya chakudya chokwanira cha tsiku lililonse) ziyenera kudyetsedwa kwa wodwala.

Maziko azakudya ndizoperewera zopanda mchere m'madzi ndi mkaka, buledi, wophatikizidwa ndi masamba ndi zipatso zololedwa.

Zowonetsedwa ndi Zopatula

Zakudya zonse zimaphikidwa mosenda kapena kuwaza.

Zakudya zonunkhira, mafuta, okazinga, zakudya zachangu ndizoletsedwa. Ngati kapamba amaletsa kumwa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, kvass, mowa.

Kusiya mowa ndi kusuta

Chithandizo cha matenda a pancreatic chimaphatikizapo kukana mowa kwathunthu. Mowa wocheperako umapangitsa kupanga michere yambiri ndikuchedwa kwawo kapamba, komwe kumayambitsa matenda a colic.

Madokotala amalimbikitsa kuchepetsa ululu wa fodya kulowa mthupi chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito fodya kapena kungosuta - kumathandizanso kupanga michere.

Pozindikira matenda a pancreatic ndi zizindikiro za matendawa, mankhwalawa amayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi chakudya chamankhwala chokhazikika komanso moyo wathanzi.

Njira yochizira pachimake kapamba yayitali, amatenga miyezi inayi. Ndi kuyanʻanila zovuta za kugwira ntchito kwa limba, resection, cysts, zotupa, enzyme m'malo mankhwala anakhazikitsa moyo.

Mlingo ndi nthawi ya njira yochizira zimatsimikiziridwa ndi ochiritsira, kutengera mawonekedwe a thupi la wodwalayo, matenda oyanjana, zaka.