Glycogen ndi ntchito zake mthupi la munthu

M'matangadza a glycogen okhala ndi timiyala tating'ono timasungidwa m'chiwindi ndi minofu ya minofu. Komanso, polysaccharide ili m'maselo amanjenje, impso, aorta, epithelium, ubongo, m'mitsempha ya embryonic komanso mucosa ya uterine. Mthupi la munthu wamkulu wathanzi, nthawi zambiri pamakhala pafupifupi 400 g ya chinthucho. Koma, mwa njira, pakuwonjezera kulimbitsa thupi, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito glycogen minofu. Chifukwa chake, omanga thupi pafupifupi maola awiri musanaphunzitsidwe, ayenera kudziphatikiza ndi chakudya chamoto chambiri kuti athe kubwezeretsa zinthu.

Zamoyo zosiyanasiyana

Asayansi amatcha polysaccharide ndi formula (C6H10O5) n glycogen. Dzina lina la chinthu ichi ndi wowuma nyama. Ndipo ngakhale glycogen amasungidwa m'maselo a nyama, koma dzinali silolondola kwenikweni. Vutoli linapezeka ndi katswiri wazanyama wa ku France Bernard. Pafupifupi zaka 160 zapitazo, wasayansi anapeza koyamba zakudya zamagulu ena m'maselo a chiwindi.

Zakudya zomanga thupi “zopanda kanthu” zimasungidwa m'maselo a maselo. Koma ngati thupi limva kusowa kwadzidzidzi kwa glucose, glycogen imamasulidwa ndikualowa m'magazi. Koma, chosangalatsa, ndi polysaccharide yokha yomwe imapezeka m'chiwindi (hepatocide) yomwe imatha kusintha glucose, yomwe imatha kukhala chamoyo "chanjala". Glycogen omwe amasungidwa muzitsulo amatha kufikira 5 peresenti ya kuchuluka kwake, ndipo mwa munthu wamkulu amatha kukhala pafupifupi 100-120 g. Hepatocides amafikira kuchuluka kwawo pafupifupi ola limodzi ndi theka chakudya chikadzaza ndi ma carbohydrate (confectionery, ufa, zakudya okhuthala).

Monga gawo la minofu, polysaccharide imakhala yosaposa 1-2 peresenti ya minofu. Koma, tikapatsidwa gawo lathunthu la minofu, zimamveka kuti "glycogen" yomwe imalowa m'misempha imaposa masitolo a chiwindi. Komanso mafuta ochulukirapo amapezeka mu impso, ma cell a glial a bongo komanso ma cell oyera (magazi oyera). Chifukwa chake, nkhokwe zonse za glycogen mwa munthu wamkulu zimatha kukhala pafupifupi theka la kilogalamu.

Chochititsa chidwi, "gawo" la saccharide linapezeka m'maselo a mbewu zina, mu bowa (yisiti) ndi mabakiteriya.

Udindo wa glycogen

Glycogen imagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ma cell a chiwindi ndi minofu. Ndipo ziyenera kumvetsedwa kuti magawo awiri awa a mphamvu zosunga zobwezeretsera ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Chiwindi polysaccharide imapereka shuga m'thupi lonse. Ndiye kuti, imayang'anira kukhazikika kwa misempha yamagazi. Pogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kapena pakati pa chakudya, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi amachepetsa. Pofuna kupewa hypoglycemia, glycogen yomwe ili m'maselo a chiwindi imasweka ndikulowera m'magazi, ndikumaliza mndandanda wamagulu a shuga. Ntchito yowongolera chiwindi pankhaniyi siyiyenera kuchepetsedwa, popeza kusintha kwa shuga mumalo aliwonse kumakhala ndi mavuto akulu, ngakhale imfa.

Zosungira minofu ndikofunikira kuti chitetezo cha musculoskeletal. Mtima ndi minofu yomwe imakhala ndi malo ogulitsira glycogen. Pozindikira izi, zikuwonekeratu kuti chifukwa chiyani anthu ambiri amakhala ndi vuto la mtima atasala kudya kwanthawi yayitali kapena atayamba kudya.

Koma ngati shuga wambiri atha kuyikidwa mu glycogen, ndiye funso limabuka: "Chifukwa chiyani chakudya cham'thupi chimapatsidwa mafuta?". Palinso kufotokoza kwa izi. Malo ogulitsira a glycogen mthupi sikhala opanda malire. Ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi ochepa, malo osungirako nyama samakhala ndi nthawi yambiri, chifukwa chake glucose amadziunjikira mu mawonekedwe ena - mawonekedwe a lipids pansi pa khungu.

Kuphatikiza apo, glycogen ndiyofunikira kuti catabolism ya zovuta zamankhwala, ikhale nawo pazochitika za metabolic m'thupi.

Kugwirizanitsa

Glycogen ndi malo osungirako mphamvu omwe amapangika m'thupi kuchokera kuma carbohydrate.

Poyamba, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamafuta pazinthu zabwino, ndipo limapuma tsiku lanyumba. Kuperewera kwa mphamvu ndi chifukwa chakutha kwa glycogen ku glucose.

Kuphatikizika kwa chinthu kumayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni ndi dongosolo lamanjenje. Njirayi, makamaka m'misempha, "imayambitsa" adrenaline. Ndipo kuphwanya kwa wowuma wa nyama m'chiwindi kumayendetsa glucagon ya mahomoni (omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba pa kusala). Madzi a insulin ndi amene amapangitsa kuti pakhale chakudya china. Mchitidwewu umakhala magawo angapo ndipo umachitika pokhapokha pakudya.

Glycogenosis ndi zovuta zina

Koma nthawi zina, kuwonongeka kwa glycogen sikuchitika. Zotsatira zake, glycogen imadziunjikira mu maselo a ziwalo zonse ndi minyewa. Mwachizolowezi, kuphwanya kotere kumawonedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chibadwa (kusowa kwa ma enzymes ofunikira kuti zinthu zitheke). Matendawa amatchedwa kuti glycogenosis ndipo amapatsidwa mndandanda wazotsatira zamagetsi. Mpaka pano, mitundu 12 yamatendawa imadziwika mu zamankhwala, koma pakadali pano ndi theka lokha lomwe limaphunziridwa bwino.

Koma iyi sindiye yokha njira yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi wowuma nyama. Matenda a glycogen amaphatikizanso aglycogenosis, vuto lomwe limatsatiridwa ndi kusapezeka kwathunthu kwa enzyme yomwe imayambitsa synthete wa glycogen. Zizindikiro za matenda - kutchulidwa hypoglycemia ndi kupweteka. Kukhalapo kwa aglycogenosis kumatsimikiziridwa ndi chiwindi biopsy.

Kufunika kwa thupi kwa glycogen

Glycogen, ngati mphamvu yosunga mphamvu, ndiyofunikira kubwezeretsa pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chake, osachepera, asayansi akutero. Kuchulukitsa zolimbitsa thupi kungayambitse kutsika kwathunthu kwa mafuta a chiwindi ndi minofu, chifukwa chake zimakhudza ntchito yofunika ndi magwiridwe antchito amunthu. Chifukwa cha kudya kwa nthawi yayitali kopanda chakudya, malo ogulitsira a glycogen m'chiwindi amachepetsedwa pafupifupi zero. Zosungirako minofu zimachepa pakulimbitsa mphamvu kwambiri.

Mlingo wocheperako tsiku lililonse wa glycogen umachokera ku 100 g ndi kupitilira. Koma izi ndizofunikira kuti ziwonjezeke ndi:

kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri,
zolimbitsa malingaliro,
atatha "anjala" kudya.

M'malo mwake, kusamala mu zakudya zomwe zili ndi glycogen ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi, kusowa kwa michere. Kuphatikiza apo, kudya shuga wambiri kumapereka njira yochepetsera kudya kwa glycogen.

Chakudya chosungira glycogen

Malinga ndi ofufuzawo, kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa glycogen pafupifupi 65 peresenti ya zopatsa mphamvu zomwe thupi liyenera kulandira kuchokera ku zopatsa zam'thupi. Makamaka, kubwezeretsa zosungidwa zokhala ndi wowuma nyama, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa zinthu zophika buledi, chimanga, chimanga, zipatso zosiyanasiyana ndi ndiwo zamasamba mu chakudya.

Magulu abwino kwambiri a glycogen: shuga, uchi, chokoleti, marmalade, kupanikizana, zipatso, zoumba, nkhuyu, nthochi, chivwende, ma supimmons, zophika zipatso, zipatso zazipatso.

Zotsatira za glycogen pa kulemera kwa thupi

Asayansi atsimikiza kuti pafupifupi magalamu 400 a glycogen amatha kudziunjikira munthu wamkulu. Koma asayansi adatsimikizanso kuti galamu iliyonse yotsalira imamanga pafupifupi magalamu anayi a madzi. Chifukwa chake likukhalira kuti 400 g ya polysaccharide ndi pafupifupi 2 kg ya madzi amadzi a glycogenic. Izi zikufotokozera thukuta kwambiri panthawi yophunzitsira: thupi limadya glycogen ndipo nthawi yomweyo imataya madzimadzi 4 kuchulukirapo.

Katunduyu wa glycogen amafotokozanso zomwe zimachitika mwachangu pochepetsa thupi. Zakudya zopanda mafuta osokoneza bongo zimapangitsa kuti glycogen adye kwambiri, ndipo ndi izi - madzi ochokera mthupi. Lita imodzi yamadzi, monga mukudziwa, ndi kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera. Koma munthu akangobwerera kuchakudya chokhala ndi chakudya, zakudya za wowuma zanyama zimabwezeretseka, ndipo limodzi nawo madzimadzi otayika munthawi yakudya. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chake zotsatira zakugwa kwakanthawi za kuwonda.

Kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwenikweni, madokotala amalangizira kuti asabwezeretsenso zakudya (zimakonda mapuloteni), komanso kuwonjezera mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti glycogen adye kwambiri. Mwa njira, ochita kafukufukuwo anawerengetsa kuti mphindi 2-8 zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri za Cardio ndizokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito masitolo a glycogen ndikuchepetsa thupi. Koma formula iyi ndi yoyenera kokha kwa anthu omwe alibe mavuto amtima.

Kuperewera ndi zochuluka: momwe mungadziwire

Chamoyo chomwe chili ndi magawo ambiri a glycogen chimatha kufotokoza izi ndi magazi komanso kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi. Mwa anthu okhala ndi polysaccharide yambiri imeneyi, matumbo am'mimba amachitikanso, ndipo thupi limachulukanso.

Koma kusowa kwa glycogen sikudutsa thupi popanda kutsata. Kusowa kwa wowuma kwanyama kumatha kubweretsa kusokonezeka kwamalingaliro ndi malingaliro. Pali kupanda chidwi, kukhumudwa. Ndikothekanso kukayikira kuchepa kwa mphamvu zamagulu mwa anthu ofooka, osakumbukira bwino, komanso kutaya kwambiri minofu.

Glycogen ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri lopulumutsa mphamvu yamthupi. Ubwino wake sikuti kumangokhala kutsika kwamawu komanso kutsika kwamphamvu. Kuperewera kwa chinthu kumakhudza tsitsi komanso khungu. Ndipo ngakhale kutayika kowala m'maso kumakhalanso chifukwa cha kusowa kwa glycogen. Ngati mukuwona zizindikiro za kusowa kwa polysaccharide, ndi nthawi yoganiza zakonzanso zakudya zanu.

Glycogen amagwira ntchito mthupi

Glycogen ndi polysaccharide, mapangidwe ake omwe amapezeka pamaziko a glucose zotsalira zopangidwa ndi thupi. Ndizofunikira kwambiri komanso imodzi mw "safes" yayikulu yosungira glucose mu minofu, yokhazikika makamaka mu chiwindi ndi minofu ya minofu. Chifukwa chake, akuti chiwindi chimakonda maswiti - ndi amodzi mwa malo osungirako glycogen, omwe ndi njira yayikulu yosungirako shuga woperekedwa ndi chakudya. Chifukwa cha zida zake zamafuta ndi nthambi zake, glycogen nthawi zina amatchedwa "wowuma nyama".

Ntchito yayikulu ya glycogen m'thupi la munthu ndikupanga malo osungirako mphamvu omwe angatengedwire zochitika ngati kutsika kwamphamvu kwa shuga m'magazi kapena kuwonjezera zolimbitsa thupi kwakanthawi kochepa. Pano, glycogen yekhayo, yemwe amakhala ndi chiwindi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thupi kulimbikitsa mphamvu ndikuwonjezera ntchito za machitidwe. Pafupifupi, kulemera kwa chinthuchi m'chiwindi ndi 5% ya kuchuluka kwake. Mu minofu ya minofu, glycogen imapangidwa kwanuko ndipo pokhapokha katundu akachuluka kwambiri. Nthawi zina kuchuluka kwake kwa kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa chiwindi, zomwe zimatha kukhala chifukwa chamachitidwe azadzidzidzi a munthu mwadzidzidzi. Glycogen yochepa kwambiri imapezeka m'maselo a impso, ubongo, ndi magazi.

Kuchita ntchito yathanzi, glycogen imaphwanyidwa kuti igwire glucose chifukwa cha ma enzymes apadera ndipo imatengedwa m'magazi. Njirayi imagonjera ku zochitika zamanjenje ndi endocrine, motero, kuphwanya magwiridwe antchito a ziwongozi nthawi yomweyo kumayambitsa kuphwanya kapangidwe kake ndi kuwonongeka kwa glycogen, chifukwa chake kuphwanya njira zopewera thupi, zomwe zingayambitse, mwachitsanzo, pakukula kwa minyewa ya misempha.

Popanda glycogen, kupezeka kwa thupi laumunthu ndikosatheka, chifukwa chake, kuchepetsa kovuta kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zili ndi shuga kumatsogolera, choyambirira, kukuwonongeka kwa chitetezo chathupi.

Zochulukirapo komanso zopanda pake

Choyamba, ziyenera kunenedwa zofunikira tsiku ndi tsiku za glycogen, yomwe ili pafupifupi magalamu 100. Komabe, musaiwale kuti kuchuluka kumeneku kumakhala ndi chiwerengero chonse cha zinthu zomwe zadyeka zomwe zili ndi shuga. Izi ndi monga zophika buledi, maswiti, zipatso zouma, masamba ambiri ndi zinthu zina. Chifukwa chake, izi sizikuyenera kukuwuzani kuti mutha kugula chokoleti cha gramu 100 tsiku lililonse!

Nthawi yomweyo, pafupifupi zofuna za chinthuchi zimachuluka pazifukwa zina, zomwe mwa izi:

kuchuluka kwambiri kwa zolimbitsa thupi.
kuchuluka kwamalingaliro, luntha masana,
ndi kusowa kwazakudya zambiri.

Zosiyana ndi izi zimawonedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose muzakudya, zomwe zimakonda makamaka kwa mano okoma ndi okonda chakudya zamzitini. Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kupanga kwa glycogen pamene ntchito ya chiwindi imalephera kapena matenda ena atayamba chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwa glucose ndi mayamwidwe ake.

Ngakhale kuti pali shuga wambiri m'zakudya za munthu wamakono, akhoza kukumana ndi mfundo yoti glycogen idzakhala yoperewera m'thupi. Kuperewera kwa Glycogen titha kuwonetsedwa pazinthu zingapo zazikulu.

1. Kukula kwa mphwayi. Thupi lilibe mphamvu zokwanira ngakhale kusungabe zakumaso! Nthawi yomweyo, kumakhala kudzimva kuti ndiwe wopanda ntchito, wopanda pake, ulesi, kukhumudwa, kufunitsitsa kubisala kwa aliyense ndipo chilichonse chikukula, munthu amayang'ana "kudzipfunda yekha mu coco" ndikubisala pamavuto onse.

2. Gawo la kukumbukira limatsitsidwa. Ngati mumakonda kukumbukira mafoni a anzanu komanso anzanu, tsopano simungathe kubwereza imodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, ndizovuta kwambiri kuti muzindikire zomwe zikuchokera kunja, mumakumbukira zowonjezereka za tsiku lapitalo, simukuwona ntchito zomwe mumayikira, pamoyo ndi pantchito. Pamodzi ndi kukumbukira, masomphenya amakhala ndi vuto.

3. Kuchepetsa minofu, kukulitsa kwa misempha ya minofu. Izi ndichifukwa choti maselo samalandira chakudya chokwanira, ulusiwo umafooka ndipo, poyamba, umakhala wofowoka, kenako ndikuwonongeka kwathunthu, ngati mankhwalawo samayamba kulowa m'thupi. Chifukwa chake Dystrophy imayamba. Anthu omwe samadzilola okha maswiti konse, ngakhale mu zipatso zouma ndi zipatso, amadzivulaza monganso omwe amadya maswiti osalamulirika!

4. Kufooka kwa chitetezo chathupi. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kamvekedwe ka mawu komanso kusowa kwa chakudya, chitetezo chathupi chimadwalanso, zomwe zimakhudza pafupipafupi matenda akalimbana ndi maziko a kutalikirana kwapakati. Zomwezi zimatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka pakukula kwa matenda enaake omwe munthu amakhala nawo. Mwachitsanzo, mu shuga mellitus, kupanga ma insulin kale, kuphika kwa glycogen kumatha kupha.

5. Kukula kwa kukhumudwa. Kutsekemera ndiye makamaka provocateur wopanga serotonin, yemwe amachititsa kuti pakhale chisangalalo. Miyezo ya glycogen ikagwa kwambiri, maselo aubongo samalandira zakudya zoyenera, mlingo wa serotonin pang'onopang'ono koma umatsika pansi, womwe umakulitsa kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro, umasintha malingaliro a dziko ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale kupsinjika kwakukuru, komwe kumatha kuchiritsidwa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala oyenera.

Ndi glycogen owonjezera, chithunzi chosiyana kotheratu chimawonedwa, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimatha kukhala chovuta kwambiri komanso chosalimbikitsa kuposa pamwambapa.

1. Kuchulukitsa kwa magazi.

2. Kulephera mu chiwindi. Monga lamulo, amathandizidwa ndi kuledzera kwa thupi, monga kuyeretsa kosalekeza kwa magazi, komanso zinthu zonse zakupanga mapuloteni, komanso zinthu zina, zimangoyendayenda kuzungulira thupi, ndikuzipweteka.

3. Kukula kwa matenda am'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, chiopsezo chogundana ndi oncology yam'mimba thirakiti.

4. Kulemera kwambiri, chiopsezo chotenga kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a shuga, stroke.

Katundu Wogulitsa

Glycogen yemwe amapezeka mwachindunji ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga, fructose komanso sucrose, ndiye kuti, chilichonse chomwe chimatha kutchedwa chokoma. Oimira otchuka kwambiri pamndandandawu ndi masiku ndi nkhuyu. Pankhani ya shuga, amakhala pamndandanda wapamwamba kwambiri wazipatso zonse zabwino!

Inde, magwero abwino kwambiri a glycogen ndi zipatso zachilengedwe (malalanje, kiwi, sitiroberi, mango, mapichesi, Persimmons), masamba ena (beets, kaloti).

Shuga komanso uchi wokonzedwa, maswiti am'mafakitale omwe amapezeka pa iwo (gingerbread, muffins, waffles, maswiti odzazidwa, ndi zina zambiri) ndizosafunikira kwenikweni malinga ndi zomwe zili zamafuta pang'ono. Njira yabwino yobwezeretsanso glycogen ndi mavwende kapena shrimp (Karinka). Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi munda wawo wawo, ndikofunika kulabadira zopanga zopanikiza. Kuphatikiza pa glycogen, imapezanso ma pectins opindulitsa, omwe amathandizira kuyeretsa thupi la poizoni wambiri.

Glycogen ikhoza kupezeka kuchokera ku nyemba zambiri, kotero muyenera kuphika msuzi wa mphodza kapena masamba ndi nyemba sabata iliyonse. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi tirigu, tirigu wokhala ndi mpunga, mpunga, oatmeal, barele, mapira ndi zipatso zouma (ma apricots owuma, mitengo yamphesa, zoumba zouma zitha kukhala zothandiza pankhaniyi.

Kodi glycogen ndi chiyani?

Mu thupi la munthu, kupezeka kwa zinthu izi ndi zokwanira patsiku, ngati glucose samachokera kunja. Imeneyi ndi nthawi yayitali, makamaka mukaganizira kuti zosungirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ubongo kuti ubongo wanu uziyenda bwino.

Glycogen yosungidwa mu chiwindi nthawi zambiri imamasulidwa ndikuwonjezeranso. Gawo loyamba limachitika pogona komanso pakati pa chakudya, pomwe kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumachepetsedwa ndikuyambiranso kwake kumafunikanso. Katundu wa zinthu m'thupi amapezeka kuchokera kunja, ndimakhala ndi chakudya.

Glycogen ndi glycogen amagulitsa mthupi

Tisanayambe kuganizira za "malo ogulitsira glycogen m'thupi", tiyeni tilingalire tanthauzo la mawuwo.

Glycogen Kodi polysaccharide, ndiye kuti, wophatikizira wamagalimoto omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku zotsalira za glucose. Ndi kudya kwambiri, shuga wamagazi amawuka. Zofunikira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mphamvu zamagetsi, ndipo zochulukirapo zimayikidwa mu glycogen. Koma mosinthanitsa, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kukagwera, glycogen yosungirako imawonongeka motsogozedwa ndi michere. Zotsatira zake, kusungabe kuchuluka kwa glucose ndikwabwinobwino ndikupatsa thupi mphamvu yofunikira.

Koma, kuthekera kwa chiwindi ndizochepa. Chifukwa pa nthawi imatha kukonzekera mpaka 100 g shuga. Zotsatira zake, ndikupanga shuga ochulukirapo, ma cell a chiwindi amapangira shuga mu mafuta acids, gawo lotsiriza la glycogeneis. Zomwe, zidzatsogolera kukuwonjezeka kwa mafuta m'thupi.

Chifukwa chake, mulingo woyenera wa chakudya chamagulu amodzi mu chakudya chimodzi chimapereka kuchuluka kwa shuga mu glycogen, osatinso kukula kwa mafuta.

Komwe glycogen imadziunjikira

Masitolo a glycogen m'thupi amalimbitsa thupi makamaka m'misempha ndi chiwindi. Pa avareji, pafupifupi 300-400 g wa glycogen amapangidwa ndipo amasungidwa m'thupi.

Gawo lofunika kwambiri la glycogen limadziunjikira m'chiwindi ndipo, pocheperapo, limafupa minofu. Tsopano tikulankhula za kuchuluka kwa glycogen to organ misa. Mwachitsanzo, zomwe glycogen zili m'chiwindi zimafika pa 5-6% ya kuchuluka kwa ziwalo, pomwe minofu yoposa 1%. Mwachilengedwe, poganizira kuti kuchuluka kwa minofu m'thupi ndikokulira kuposa chiwindi, kuchuluka kwa magawo kumakhala motere: pa chiwindi, pafupifupi 100-120 g ya glycogen, ndi minofu 200-280 g. Arthur C. Guyton, a John E. Hall, Medical Physiology, 11th ed. - New York, New York, USA: Sayansi, Oxford Press, Elsevier.

Glycogen mu chiwindi ntchito ngati gwero lamphamvu kwa thupi lonse. Glycogen yosungirako, pamene kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi amachepetsa, imasweka ndikupanga ma glucose ndipo amalowa m'magazi. Zotsatira zake, kukonzanso mphamvu.

Minofu glycogen amapita mwachindunji kutsimikizira ntchito ya minofu lokha.

Chifukwa chake, ndimakudya ochepa a carb, glycogen imadyedwa makamaka. Zomwe zimatsogolera ku kutayika kwa minofu, ndipo pokhapokha pakuwonongeka kwamafuta

Glycogen Depot

Poganizira mutu wa "glycogen amasamba m'thupi" sunganyalanyaze mawu akuti "glycogen depot."

Choyamba muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti glycogen imadziunjikira osati mu minofu, koma mu zotchedwa sarcoplasm. Kuchulukitsa kukula, minochondria ya minofu imapereka malo ofunikira kuti mudzaze kuchuluka pakati pa minofu minofu, komwe kumapangitsa kukula kwa glycogen voliyumu.

Zachidziwikire kuti mwazindikira kuti munthu yemwe amachita nawo masewera, amasachedwa kutopa poyamba. Izi ndichifukwa cha kukula kochepa kwa glycogen depot. Njira yowonjezera kukula kwa glycogen depot imafunikira nthawi, zakudya zoyenera komanso maphunziro osalekeza. Chifukwa chake, mwakuchita zolimbitsa thupi mozama komanso nthawi yayitali, glycogen omwe amasunga mthupi amakula kangapo. Ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri, minofu imadzaza ndi magazi. Zomwe, zimathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa deply ya glycogen chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa maselo omwe amatha kuyisunga.

Malinga ndi asayansi, malo a glycogen depot amayenera kupitiliridwanso ndikuchulukitsidwa. Chifukwa, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zinthu zamafuta a shuga (zomwe glycogen imapangidwa pambuyo pake), kamvekedwe ka minofu kamatayika. Zotsatira zake, izi zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa mphamvu, kuchepa kwa kukumbukira ndi chidwi, ndipo pakapita nthawi zingayambitse matenda a chitetezo chamthupi.

Onani kanema pazotsatira za glycogen pa kukula kwa minofu. Kutalika ndi mphindi 4 zokha.

Malo ogulitsa glycogen: magwero oyenera

Monga tidazindikira kale, glycogen imapangidwa kuchokera ku glucose. Chifukwa chake, kuti pakhale zokwanira za glycogen mthupi, ndikofunikira kulandira mankhwala okwanira. Koma, ma carbohydrate osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosinthika kukhala glycogen kapena mafuta acids. Zimatengera kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe amasulidwa panthawi yomwe chipangizocho chikuwonongeka. Kuti mumveke bwino, mverani ma tebulo.

Tebulo ili silomwe likuwongolera momwe angachitire izi. Kuzindikira komanso kusweka kwa zina
Zogulitsa zimatengera zochita za munthu.

Glycogen ndi gawo limodzi la ntchito ya minofu yathu, minofu yofunika.
Kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa glycogen, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mosalekeza ndikofunikira.
Magulu akuluakulu a glycogen ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri.
Zakudya zoyenera zimathandiza kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa glycogen omwe ali m'misempha.

Kupenda

Glycogen nthawi zina amatchedwa wowuma nyama, popeza kapangidwe kake ndi ofanana ndi amylopectin, yemwe amapanga mbewu. Amasiyana ndi wowuma mumapangidwe ochulukirapo komanso ophatikizika, samapereka mtundu wa buluu akakhala ndi ayodini.

Monga chakudya chosungira, glycogen imapezekanso m'maselo a fungus.

Imapezeka m'maselo ndi minyewa yonse ya thupi la nyamayo m'mitundu iwiri: glycogen yokhazikika, yolumikizidwa molimba ndi mapuloteni, komanso yokhala ngati ma granules, madontho owoneka bwino mu cytoplasm.

Sinthani ya masabolism |

Glycogen mu chiwindi

Chiwindi - chiwalo chachikulu chamkati, chomwe chitha kufikira 1.5 makilogalamu. Imagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika, kuphatikizapo kuphatikiza kagayidwe kazakudya. Kudzera mu magazi, timasefedwa kuchokera m'matumbo am'mimba, omwe amadzaza ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Ndi shuga wabwinobwino wamagazi, chizindikiro chake chikhoza kukhala m'magawo 80-120 mg pa desilita iliyonse ya magazi. Kuperewera komanso kuchuluka kwa glycogen m'magazi kumatha kubweretsa matenda akulu, choncho gawo la chiwindi ndi lalikulu kwambiri.

Minofu glycogen

Kuphatikizika ndi kusungidwa kwa glycogen kumachitikanso minofu minofu. Ndikofunikira mphamvu yolowa m'thupi polimbitsa thupi. Mutha kubwezeretsanso zosungiramo zake ngati mutatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, muzidya zakudya kapena zakumwa zomwe zili ndi 4: 1 chakudya ndi mapuloteni.

Kufunika kwa chakudya chamagulu m'thupi

Zakudya zamafuta zomwe zimadyedwa (kuyambira pa mitundu yonse ya mbewu zonse mpaka kutha ndi zovuta zamapangidwe osiyanasiyana ndi maswiti) zimaphwanyidwa kukhala mashuga osavuta ndi glucose pakugaya. Pambuyo pake, zakudya zopangidwa ndi glucose zimatumizidwa ndi thupi kupita m'magazi. Nthawi yomweyo, mafuta ndi mapuloteni sangasinthidwe kukhala glucose.

Mkuluyu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi thupi zonse pazofunikira zamphamvu zamakono (mwachitsanzo, mukamayendetsa kapena maphunziro ena olimbitsa thupi), ndikupanga nkhokwe zosungira. Zikatere, thupi limayamba kupanga glucose ku mamolekyu a glycogen, ndipo malo a glycogen akadzazidwa, thupi limasintha glucose kukhala mafuta. Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu amayamba kupeza mafuta ochulukirapo.

Kusintha kwa zofunikira za glycogen

Kufunika kumawonjezera ndi:

kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi zamtundu wofanana.
kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito zamaganizidwe kumayendetsa glycogen yambiri.
kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi. Ngati thupi sililandira glucose, ndiye kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe amasunga kumayamba.

Chulukitsani zosowa:

ndi matenda a chiwindi.
pa matenda omwe amafunika kudya kwambiri shuga.
ngati chakudyacho chili ndi gawo lalikulu la chinthuchi.
vuto la enzyme.

Mu kuperewera kwa zinthuzi kumachitika kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'chiwindi, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwamafuta ake. Tsopano magwero amagetsi si chakudya, koma mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Magazi amayamba kudziunjikira okha zinthu zovulaza - ma ketoni, yomwe imachotsa acidity ya thupi ndipo imapangitsa kuti anthu asamagwire bwino ntchito.

Kuperewera kwa Glycogen kumawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

Mutu
Kusesa manja
Manja akunjenjemera
Kufooka pafupipafupi ndi kugona,
Kumverera kwanjala yosalekeza.

Zizindikiro zoterezi zimatha kutha msanga thupi litalandira kuchuluka kwa chakudya komanso shuga.

Kuchulukirapo kumadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa insulin m'mwazi ndi zina kunenepa kwambiri kwa thupi. Izi zimachitika pamene mafuta ochulukirapo amalowa m'thupi pachakudya chimodzi. Kuti agwirizane ndi thupi limasandulika maselo amafuta.

Kupewa zotsatira zoyipa, ndikokwanira kusintha zakudya zanu, kuchepetsa kudya maswiti ndi kupatsa thupi ntchito zolimbitsa thupi.

Minofu glycogen ntchito

Kuchokera pakuwona za biology, glycogen sadziunjikira mu minofu ya minofu yokha, koma mu sarcoplasm - madzimadzi ozungulira a michere. FitSeven adalemba kale kuti kukula kwa minofu kumalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa michere ya michere iyi - minofu imakhala yofanana pakapangidwe ndi siponji yomwe imatenga sarcoplasm ndikukula kukula.

Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi kumakhudza bwino kukula kwa madambidwe a glycogen komanso kuchuluka kwa sarcoplasm, kupangitsa minofu kukhala yowoneka bwino komanso yopanda mphamvu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa minyewa ya minofu kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi mtundu wamtundu wa thupi ndipo kwenikweni sikusintha m'moyo wamunthu, mosasamala kanthu za maphunziro.

Mphamvu ya glycogen pamisempha: zamankhwala am'thupi

Kuphunzitsa bwino kumanga kwamisempha kumafuna magawo awiri: Choyamba, kukhalapo kwa glycogen osungirako okwanira mu minofu musanaphunzitsidwe, ndipo chachiwiri, kubwezeretsa kopambana kwa ma depo a glycogen kumapeto kwake. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi popanda malo ogulitsira a glycogen ndikuyembekeza "kuyanika", mumakakamiza thupi kuti liwotche minofu.

Ndiye chifukwa chake kukula kwa minofu ndikofunikira kuti musagwiritse ntchito protein za Whey ndi ma amino acid a BCAA kuti mukhale ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu muzakudya - ndipo, makamaka, kudya chakudya chokwanira kwambiri mukangophunzitsidwa. M'malo mwake, simungathe kumanga minofu mukamadya zopanda chakudya.

Momwe mungakulitsire masitolo a glycogen?

Malo ogulitsa minofu glycogen amakonzedwanso ndi zakudya kuchokera ku chakudya kapena kugwiritsa ntchito wopeza masewera (osakaniza mapuloteni ndi ma carbohydrate). Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, pokonza chimbudzi, michere yambiri imaphwanyidwa kuti ikhale yophweka, choyamba imalowa m'magazi amtundu wa glucose, kenako imakonzedwa ndi thupi kupita glycogen.

Kutsika kwa glycemic index kwa carbohydrate inayake, pang'onopang'ono kumapereka mphamvu yake m'magazi ndipo kukwera kwake kumapangitsa kuti ma glycogen depots, osati mafuta osazungulira. Lamuloli ndilofunika makamaka madzulo - mwatsoka, mafuta osavuta omwe amadya chakudya chamadzulo amapita makamaka kumafuta pamimba.

Mphamvu ya glycogen pakuwotcha kwamafuta

Ngati mukufuna kuwotcha mafuta kudzera m'maphunziro, kumbukirani kuti thupi limadya mafuta a glycogen pokhapokha pokhapokha amapita kumalo osungira mafuta. Zili choncho chifukwa chakuti kuyikira uku ndikuti kuphunzitsidwa koyaka koyenera mafuta kuyenera kuchitidwa kwa mphindi zosachepera 40-45 ndikukoka moyenera - choyamba thupi limagwiritsa ntchito glycogen, kenako imayamba mafuta.

Zochita zikuwonetsa kuti mafuta amawotcha msanga panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito Cardio m'mawa wopanda kanthu kapena pophunzira maola 3-4 mutatha kudya - popeza pamenepa misempha ya glucose ili kale pamlingo wocheperako, masitolo a minofu ya glycogen amatha kuyambira mphindi zoyambirira za maphunziro (komanso mafuta), osati mphamvu ya glucose yochokera m'magazi.

Glycogen ndiyo njira yayikulu yosungira mphamvu ya glucose m'maselo a nyama (kulibe glycogen m'minda). Mthupi la munthu wamkulu, pafupifupi gilogalamu 200 g00 ya glycogen imapangidwa, imasungidwa makamaka m'chiwindi ndi minofu. Glycogen imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi ya mphamvu ndi ma Cardio, ndipo pakukula kwa minofu ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti ibwezeretsenso momwe imasungidwira.

"Masamba a shuga" - izi ndi zomwe chilengedwe chimatulutsa maltose.

Shuga la Malt ndi chipatso cha kupsa kwachilengedwe kwa maumbuli omwe amapezeka mumbewu zouma zouma, zouma ndi za nthaka (tikulankhula za rye, mpunga, oats, tirigu ndi chimanga).

Shuga wotereyu samakhala ndi shuga wambiri komanso wokoma (mosiyana ndi nzimbe ndi kachilomboka), chifukwa chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya popanga:

chakudya chamwana
muesli
mowa
Confectionery
zakudya zamagulu (mwachitsanzo, ma cookie ndi masikono a mkate),
ayisikilimu.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndi maltose omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga molasses, omwe ndi gawo limodzi la mowa.

Maltose samangokhala mphamvu zabwino zokha, komanso chinthu chomwe chimathandiza thupi kupeza mavitamini a B, fiber, amino acid, macro- ndi ma microelements.

Disaccharide iyi ikhoza kukhala zovulaza ngati itadyedwa mopitirira muyeso.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimakhala ndi maltose?

Mochulukitsa, maltose amapezeka m'mizere yophuka.

Kuphatikiza apo, zochepa zomwe zimapangidwazo zimapezeka mu phwetekere, malalanje, yisiti, uchi, nkhungu, komanso mungu, mbewu ndi timadzi tina tambiri.

Starch ndi m'gulu la zophatikiza zovuta zam'mimba zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu, komanso kugaya chakudya mosavuta. Polysaccharide iyi, yomwe imadutsa m'mimba, imasinthidwa kukhala glucose, yomwe imalowetsedwa maola anayi. Ndi wowuma omwe amapatsa pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya zakudya zamafuta omwe amadya ndi chakudya.

Koma! Kuti mumve zambiri za kachulukidwe kameneka, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzidya nthawi imodzi ndi zinthu zamapuloteni, chifukwa chimbudzi chomwe alkaline acid imafunikira (ndikofunikira pakukokomeza kwa starch, komwe kumayambitsa maselo osokoneza mafuta). Pofuna kutengera masamba osakhazikika kuti achitike m'njira yoyenera, ndipo thupi lidalandira kuchuluka kwa mavitamini ndi mchere, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osakanizidwa kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi mafuta omwe amapezeka mumafuta a masamba, kirimu ndi wowawasa zonona.

kutsitsa cholesterol mu seramu yamagazi, komanso chiwindi, chomwe chimaletsa kukula kwa sclerosis,
kuchotsa madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi,
Kuchotsa kwa zotupa, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu okhala ndi zilonda zam'mimba,
chimbudzi
kagayidwe matenda
Kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa shuga, komwe kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake mutatha kudya,
kuchepetsa kukwiya kwa khungu.

Ma Starches ndi achilengedwe (amapezeka muzinthu zachilengedwe) komanso oyengeka (opezeka pakupanga mafakitale). Wowuma wowonjezera, yemwe umakulitsa inulin panthawi ya chimbudzi ndipo umathandizira kukulitsa kwa atherosulinosis, matenda am'maso, metabolic kusalingani komanso kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, ndizovulaza.

Chifukwa chake, pakakhala zotheka, zinthu zokhala ndi wowuma ufa siziyenera kuperekedwa kuchakudya (chimodzi mwazinthu izi ndi mkate wopangidwa ndi ufa wa premium).

Zofunika! Kuchulukana kwachilengedwe kwambiri kumatha kuyambitsa kubisala, kutulutsa ndi m'mimba kukokana.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimakhala ndi wowuma?

Wowuma amapezeka mumtundu wambiri monga chimanga ndi nyemba, chimanga, pasitala, mango, nthochi, mbewu zamizu, komanso tubers.

Wowuma amakhalanso pazinthu zotsatirazi:

zukini
kaloti
rye, mpunga, chimanga ndi ufa wa tirigu,
beets
mbatata
oats ndi chimanga
soya ndi zotsekera zake,
buledi
nsapato
ginger
adyo
dzungu
artichoki
kohlrabi
chicory
bowa
tsabola wokoma
parsley ndi udzu winawake
radishi.

Zofunika! Kusunga zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopindulitsa, timalimbikitsidwa kuphika zakudya zokhazikika kwa banja kapena kuzigwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano.

Zofunika! Zinthu zophatikiza ndi kutentha zomwe zimakhala ndi wowuma ndizovuta kwambiri kugaya kuposa zakudya zosaphika.

Chochititsa chidwi! Kuti muwone ngati ndiwo zamasamba kapena zipatso zili ndi wowuma, mutha kuyesa mayeso osavuta, poganiza kuti dontho la ayodini limayikidwa mgawo la masamba kapena zipatso. Ngati patadutsa mphindi zochepa dontho litatembenuka kukhala lamtambo, ndiye kuti malonda omwe akuyesedwa ali ndi wowuma.

CHIKWANGWANI, chomwe chili m'gulu la ma polysaccharides, ndiye CHIKWANGWANI chomwe chimapanga maziko a mbewu (izi zimaphatikizapo zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso ndi mizu).

Zofunika! CHIKWANGWANI sichimalowa m'matumbo, koma nthawi yomweyo chimatengera gawo limodzi pakatumbo.

kapangidwe kachulukidwe,
kusintha kwamatumbo yamagalimoto,
kupewa kudzimbidwa,
zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azichotsa cholesterol,
secretion wa bile
kuthetsa njala,
mayamwidwe ndikuchotsa poizoni ndi poizoni,
kulimbikitsa chimbudzi cha chakudya,
kupewa matenda a mtima ndi khansa ya m'matumbo,
kuteteza mapangidwe a miyala,
kukhalabe ndi microflora yamatumbo
amathandizira kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi.

Zofunika! CHIKWANGWANI chimalepheretsa kuthamanga kwa glucose monosaccharide m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono, potero amateteza thupi kuti lisatulutse shuga.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber?

Chakudya chofunikira cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha mafuta (ndiye kuti, osaganizira kuchuluka kwazomwe zimapangidwa ndi chakudya ichi) ndizochepa 25 g.

CHIKWANGWANI chimapezeka mumtundu wakunja wa tirigu, nthanga ndi nyemba, komanso masamba ndi masamba (makamaka zipatso za zipatso).

Kuphatikiza apo, polysaccharide iyi imapezeka muzinthu zotsatirazi:

chinangwa
chimanga
mtedza
mpendadzuwa
zipatso
mafuta ophika buledi
zipatso zouma
amadyera
kaloti
mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kabichi
maapulo obiriwira
mbatata
nsomba zam'nyanja.

Zofunika! Mafuta, shuga, mkaka, tchizi, nyama ndi nsomba zilibe CHIKWANGWANI.

Cellulose ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomangira chomera: mwachitsanzo, kumtunda kwa zomerazi mumakhala cellulose, yomwe imaphatikizapo zinthu monga kaboni, oxygen, ndi hydrogen.

Ma cellulose ndi mtundu wa fiber.

Zofunika! Ma cellulose sagonjetsedwa ndi thupi la munthu, koma ndiwofunikira kwambiri kwa iye ngati "kugundana".

Cellulose imamwa madzi bwino, motero imathandizira ntchito ya m'matumbo, omwe amathandiza kuthana ndi mavuto ndi matenda:

kudzimbidwa
diverticulosis (mapangidwe a protrusion wa matumbo a mawonekedwe a maselo)
spasmodic colitis
zotupa m'mimba
khansa ya m'matumbo
mitsempha ya varicose.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimakhala ndi cellulose?

maapulo
beets
Brazil mtedza
kabichi
kaloti
udzu winawake
nyemba zobiriwira
peyala
nandolo
njere zosasunthika
chinangwa
tsabola
masamba letesi.

Kuchokera kuchilankhulo chachi Greek, dzina la chakudya ichi, lomwe ndi mtundu wa CHIKWANGWANI, limamasuliridwa kuti "lopindika" kapena "lowundana". Pectin ndiwothandizirana pazomera zokha.

Kulowetsa thupi, pectin imagwira ntchito ziwiri: poyamba, imachotsa cholesterol yoyipa, poizoni ndi ma carcinogens, ndipo chachiwiri, imapereka shuga m'matupi, omwe amachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda amtima, matenda a shuga ndi khansa.

kagayidwe kachakudya matenda,
kusintha kwazipinda,
matenda a matumbo motility,
kuchotsa kwa mawonekedwe a kuledzera kwamphamvu,
kuchulukitsa thupi ndi ma organic acid, mavitamini ndi michere,
Kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa shuga mutatha kudya chakudya, chomwe chimathandiza kwambiri kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta amtunduwu ali ndi ma envelopic, ma astringent, anti-yotupa komanso analgesic, chifukwa amasonyezedwa kwa anthu omwe akusokoneza chimbudzi ndi zilonda zam'mimba.

Pogwiritsa ntchito pectin kwambiri, zimachitika mwadzidzidzi zoterezi:

kuyamwa kochepa kwa michere yofunikira monga chitsulo, calcium, magnesium ndi zinc,
nayonso mphamvu mu colon, limodzi ndi flatulence ndi kuchepa mu kugaya kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta.

Zofunika! Ndi mankhwala achilengedwe, pectin imalowa m'thupi mumadontho ang'onoang'ono, osatha kutsogolera mankhwala osokoneza bongo, pomwe polysaccharide iyi imatha kukhala zovulaza thanzi ngati zowonjezera zakudya zimadyedwa mosayenera.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimakhala ndi pectin?

Kudya kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa pectin koyera kuli pafupifupi 20-30 g ngati zakudya zimalemeretsedwa ndi zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba ndi zitsamba, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chopezera pectin kuchokera pazowonjezera zopangidwa.

Mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zili ndi pectin:

maapulo
Zipatso za malalanje
kaloti
kolifulawa ndi kabichi yoyera,
nandolo zouma
nyemba zobiriwira
mbatata
amadyera
sitiroberi
sitiroberi
mbewu zamizu.

Inulin ali m'gulu la ma polysaccharides achilengedwe achilengedwe. Zochita zake zikufanana ndi zochita za prebiotic, ndiye kuti, chinthu chomwe, posafuna kutsatsa m'matumbo, chimayendetsa kagayidwe ndi kukula kwa microflora yopindulitsa.

Zofunika! Insulin imakhala ndi 95 peresenti ya fructose, imodzi mwa ntchito zake ndikumanga glucose ndikuchotsa m'thupi, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

kuchotsa kwa poizoni,
matenda a m'mimba,
kukonza mayamwidwe onse a mavitamini ndi michere,
kulimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira
kuchepetsa khansa,
Kuchotsa kudzimbidwa
kusintha mayamwidwe insulin
kuteteza mapangidwe magazi,
matenda a kuthamanga kwa magazi
kulimbikitsa kuthetsedwa kwa ndulu.

Zofunika! Inulin imatengeka mosavuta ndi thupi la munthu, chifukwa chomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito mu shuga m'mankhwala monga cholowa m'malo mwa wowuma ndi shuga.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimakhala ndi inulin?

Yerusalemu artichoke amadziwika kuti ndiye mtsogoleri wazomwe zili mu inulin, zomwe zimapangidwa bwino lomwe mu kukoma kwawo zikufanana ndi kukoma kwa mbatata yodziwika ndi aliyense. Chifukwa chake, Jerusalem artichoke tuber muli pafupifupi 15 - 20 peresenti ya inulin.

Kuphatikiza apo, inulin imapezeka pazinthu zotere:

Chochititsa chidwi! Masiku ano, inulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya zambiri, komanso zakumwa: ayisikilimu, tchizi, zopangidwa ndi nyama, zamphesa, masuzi, zakudya zamwana, ophika mkate, pasitala ndi confectionery.

Chitin (kutanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki kuti "chitin" amatanthauza "chovala") ndi chinthu chomwe chili gawo la mafupa a arthropods ndi tizilombo.

Chochititsa chidwi! Chitin ndi amodzi mwa ma polysaccharides ambiri m'chilengedwe: mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi ma gigaton 10 a chinthuchi amapangidwa ndikuwola padziko lapansi lapansi chaka chilichonse.

Zofunika! Pazamoyo zonse zomwe zimatulutsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito chitin, sizipezeka mwamaonekedwe ake, koma kuphatikiza ndi ma polysaccharides ena okha.

kuteteza radiation,
kuletsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa posiyanitsa zotsatira za ma carcinogens ndi radionuclides,
kupewa matenda a mtima ndi mikwingwirima powonjezera mphamvu ya mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa kuchepa magazi,
kulimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira
kutsitsa cholesterol yamagazi, yomwe imalepheretsa kukula kwa atherosulinosis ndi kunenepa kwambiri,
kukonza chimbudzi,
yolimbikitsa kukula kwa bifidobacteria yopindulitsa, yomwe imathandizira kutulutsa kwam'mimba kokwanira,
kuchotsa kwa zotupa njira,
Kupititsa patsogolo kwa kukonzanso minofu,
kutsitsa magazi
kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimakhala ndi chitin?

Chitin choyera chimapezeka mufupa lakunja la nkhanu, shrimps ndi lobster.

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amapezeka mumtundu wina wa algae, mu bowa (bowa wa uchi ndi bowa wa oyisitara ndiwodziwika kwambiri pakati pa achibale athu), ndi yisiti. Mwa njira, mapiko a agulugufe ndi ma ladybugs amakhalanso ndi chitin.

Koma izi sizonse: mwachitsanzo, ku maiko aku Asia, kusowa kwa chitin kumapangidwa ndi kudya dzombe, crickets, kachilomboka ndi mphutsi, mphutsi, ziwala, mbozi ndi maphemwe.

Glycogen (kagayidwe kameneka amatchedwanso "wowuma nyama") ndiye njira yayikulu yosungirako shuga, ndipo mtundu uwu wa "mphamvu zopulumutsidwa" munthawi yochepa ungakhale kuperewera kwa shuga.

Mukuyankhula chiyani? Zakudya zomanga thupi zomwe zimalowa m'thupi ndi chakudya, zikamadutsa m'mimba, zimasweka ndikupanga glucose ndi fructose, yomwe imapereka machitidwe aumunthu ndi ziwalo mwamphamvu. Koma gawo limodzi mwa ma monosaccharides amalowa m'chiwindi, ndikuyika momwemo glycogen.

Zofunika! Ndi "glycogen" yosungidwa "m'chiwindi chomwe imagwira ntchito yayikulu pakuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi chimodzimodzi.

Zofunika! Glycogen, wokhazikika m'chiwindi, amatha pafupifupi maola 10 mpaka 17 atatha kudya, pomwe minyewa ya minyewa ya m'mimba imachepa pokhapokha ngati thupi limakhalitsa komanso kulimbitsa thupi.

Kutsika kwa ndende ya glycogen kumasonyezedwa ndi mawonekedwe akumatopa. Zotsatira zake, thupi limayamba kulandira mphamvu kuchokera ku mafuta kapena minofu, yomwe ndi yosayenera kwambiri kwa iwo omwe amapanga minofu misa.

Spent glycogen iyenera kubwezeretsedwanso mkati mwa ola limodzi kapena ziwiri, zomwe zingathandize kupewa kusalingana pakati pa mafuta, chakudya, mapuloteni.

Glycogen - ndi chiyani?

Magwero amagetsi kuti athandizire kugwira ntchito kwa thupi la munthu, makamaka, ndi mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya. Zimatenga nthawi kuti muthane ndi ma macronutrients awiri oyamba, chifukwa chake amatchedwa "mphamvu pang'onopang'ono", ndipo ma carbohydrate omwe adawonongeka nthawi yomweyo amakhala "achangu".

Kuthamanga kwa mayamwidwe wa chakudya chifukwa kumachitika chifukwa cha mtundu wa glucose. Amasungidwa mu minofu ya thupi laumunthu momangika m'malo moyera. Izi zimapewa kuchuluka kwambiri komwe kungapangitse kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Glycogen ndiye mtundu waukulu momwe glucose amasungidwira.

Kodi glycogen imadziunjikira kuti?

Kuchuluka kwa glycogen m'thupi ndi 200-300 magalamu. Pafupifupi 100-120 magalamu azinthu zimadziunjikira m'chiwindi, zotsalazo zimasungidwa m'matumbo ndikupanga 1% ya kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa izi.

Glycogen kuchokera ku chiwindi chimakwaniritsa zonse zomwe thupi limafunikira kuchokera ku glucose. Zosungidwa zake zam'mimba zimapita kukadyetsa komweko, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu zamagetsi.

Kodi glycogen wambiri ndimtundu wanji?

Glycogen imadziunjikira mumadzi azakudya zomanga minofu (sarcoplasm). Kupanga minofu kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa sarcoplasm. Mukakhala pamwamba, madzi ambiri amatengeka ndi minyewa ya minofu.

Kuwonjezeka kwa sarcoplasm kumachitika ndi zochitika zolimbitsa thupi. Ndi chiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha shuga, chomwe chimapita kukukula kwa minofu, kuchuluka kwa malo osungirako glycogen kumachulukanso. Kukula kwake kumakhala kosasinthika ngati munthu saphunzitsa.

Kudalira Kwa Mafuta Akutentha pa Glycogen

Kwa ola limodzi la masewera olimbitsa thupi aerobic ndi anaerobic, thupi limafunikira pafupifupi magalamu 100-150 a glycogen. Zomwe zopezekazo zimatha ntchito, zotsatizana zimayamba kuchitapo kanthu, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya minofu, kenako minofu ya adipose.

Kuti muchepetse mafuta ochulukirapo, ndizothandiza kwambiri kuphunzitsa pambuyo popuma chakudya chatha, pomwe malo ogulitsira a glycogen atatha, mwachitsanzo, pamimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa. Muyenera kuphunzitsa kuti muchepetse kunenepa kwambiri.

Kodi glycogen amakhudza bwanji kumanga kwa minofu?

Kupambana kwamphamvu yophunzitsira kukula kwa minofu mwachindunji kumadalira kupezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa glycogen zonse zolimbitsa thupi komanso kubwezeretsa zomwe zasungidwa pambuyo pake. Ngati izi sizikwaniritsidwa, pophunzitsira minofu sikukula, koma amawotchedwa.

Kudya musanapite ku masewera olimbitsa thupi sikulimbikitsanso. Zolumikizana pakati pa chakudya ndi kulimbitsa thupi ziyenera kukula pang'onopang'ono. Izi zimathandizira kuti thupi liziphunzira kusamala bwino pogwiritsa ntchito malo omwe alipo. Kusala kwapang'onopang'ono kumatengera izi.

Momwe mungabwezeretsenso glycogen?

Glucose wosinthika, womwe umapangidwa ndi chiwindi ndi minofu minofu, umapangidwa chifukwa chakuchepa kwa zovuta zamankhwala. Choyamba, amadzidula kuti akhale michere yosavuta, kenako ndikumalowa m'magazi omwe amalowa m'magazi, omwe amasinthidwa kukhala glycogen.

Ma carbohydrate okhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic amapereka mphamvu pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa mapangidwe a glycogen, m'malo mwa mafuta. Simuyenera kungoyang'ana pa index ya glycemic, kuyiwala za kufunika kwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta.

Kubwezeretsanso kwa Glycogen Pambuyo Pantchito

Windo la "carbohydrate" lomwe limatseguka pambuyo pa maphunziroli limawerengedwa kuti ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri yopanga chakudya chambiri kuti akonzenso malo ogulitsira a glycogen ndikuyambitsa minyewa yokukula kwa minofu. Pochita izi, chakudya chamafuta chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuposa mapuloteni. Monga momwe kafukufuku waposachedwa wasonyezera, kudyetsa pambuyo pophunzitsidwa ndikofunikira kwambiri kuposa kale.