Mankhwala Aulere Atsopano

Ndi munthu payekha amene angayankhe funsoli. Pulogalamu yoperekera mankhwala ofunika kwambiri kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga idapangitsa kuti chithandizo chawo chodula chikhale chokwera mtengo.

Komabe, mwatsoka, odwala ambiri adasankha kusiya pulogalamuyi ndikukana kulandira chithandizo m'malo mothandizidwa ndi ndalama, kuwalimbikitsa ndi thanzi labwino. Komabe, izi ndizowonjezera, chifukwa kuchuluka kwakubwezeretsa pakadali pano ndizochepa rubles chikwi, ndipo mtengo wa chithandizo mu dispensary umapitirira.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amalandila malipiro ochulukitsa omwe amawerengedwa kuchokera mwa kuchuluka kwa odwala omwe apempha chithandizo, pomwe kungokhala milungu iwiri mu sanatorium kumawonjezera rubles 15,000.

Odwala omwe akana mwayi samayang'ana kuti mawa matenda awo akhoza kuwonongeka kwambiri, koma sangakhale ndi chithandizo. Kukhala moyo wotsika mtengo kumapangitsa odwala matenda ashuga, omwe ambiri amangokhala pa njinga za anthu olumala, omwe amakana chithandizo chamankhwala chabwino ndikubwezeretsa ndalama zochepa.

Maubwino a Ana A shuga

Ngati matendawa apezeka atangobadwa kumene, mwana ndi mayi ake amatha kukhalabe m'chipatala masiku atatu kuposa ena onse.

Kugonjera kwa kindergarten kumachitika popanda mzere. Chifukwa chake, matupi omwe ali ndi udindo wopanga chofunikira kwambiri m'masukulu ophunzitsira ana, atadziwitsa makolo a mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, amakakamizidwa kuti apereke malo amodzi mwa amodzi mwa ana.

Mwanayo amapatsidwa kuchuluka kwa insulin yofunikira kuti igwire bwino ntchito. Dotolo alemba mankhwala malinga ndi momwe makolo a mwana angalandirire mankhwalawo popanda kulipiritsa ku mankhwala aliwonse.

Ngati matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 apezeka m'mwana wazaka zosakwana zaka 14, ndiye kuti amalipidwa pamwezi ngofanana ndi malipiro apakati.

Mankhwala abwino komanso othandiza pochiza matenda a shuga a 2

Mankhwala osankhidwa bwino othandizira matenda a shuga a 2 amathandizira kukulitsa shuga komanso kupewa zovuta.

Chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, ndizotheka kulimbikitsa kupanga insulini, kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa glucose m'magazi, ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kuwonjezera kaphatikizidwe ka insulin.

Mitundu yayikulu ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Kuti mankhwalawa akhale othandiza, ndikofunikira kutsatira malingaliro a moyo - kutsatira zakudya zapadera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Komabe sianthu onse omwe amatha kutsatira malamulowa kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a matenda a shuga a 2 amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Malinga ndi lingaliro la kuchitapo kanthu, mapiritsi a shuga a mellitus amagwera m'magulu osiyanasiyana:

1. Mankhwala omwe amachotsa kukana kwa insulin - gululi limaphatikizapo thiazolidatediones, biguanides,
2. Mphamvu za kapangidwe ka insulin - izi zimaphatikizapo ma glinides ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi sulufanilurea,
3. Zinthu zophatikizika - incretin mimetics zimaphatikizidwa mgulu lino.

Gululi limaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe ali ndi mankhwala othandizira metformin. Pamafesi, mutha kupeza zida monga glucophage ndi siofor, zomwe zimakhala ndi izi.

Mapiritsi a shuga awa ndi othandizira kuchepetsa mphamvu ya thupi yokana insulin. Zotsatira zake zimatheka ndi njira zotsatirazi:

1. Kutsika kwa shuga m'mapuloteni ndi mafuta, komanso pakhungu la glycogen,
2. Kuchulukitsa kumva kwa minofu
3. Kupanga malo ogulitsa glucose m'chiwindi mu mawonekedwe a glycogen,
4. Kuchepetsa shuga
5. Kuchulukitsa kwa glucose komwe kumalowa mkati ndi ziwalo.

Othandizawa nthawi zambiri amakhumudwitsa ena. Amayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa m'mimba. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, zoyipa zimatha, motero muyenera kukhala oleza mtima.

Mankhwala a shuga awa amayambitsa zotsatirazi zotsatirazi:

• Kuchepetsa mseru
• Kubweza
• Zosokoneza pampando
• Zachisangalalo
• Kulawa kwazitsulo mkamwa.

Sulfonylurea

Mndandanda wam'mapiritsi a shuga a 2 amaphatikizanso mankhwala monga glycidone, glurenorm, glibenclamide. Ntchito za ndalamazi zimakhazikitsidwa ndikumangirira kwa beta-cell receptors. Izi zimabweretsa kukulitsa kwa insulin.

Mankhwalawa amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mitundu yaying'ono. Pakati pa sabata, muyenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kofunikira.

Zoyipa zazikulu zomwe zimachitikira anthu oterewa ndi monga:

1. Zowopsa za hypoglycemia,
2. Zowimbira pa thupi
3. Matumbo oyenda
4. Kuzizwa kwamphamvu
5. Zowononga chiwindi.

Gululi limaphatikizapo mankhwala monga nateglinide ndi repaglinide.

Chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo, ndizotheka kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa insulin yomwe imalowa m'magazi. Izi zimatheka ndikulimbikitsa calcium mu ziphuphu. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muzilamulira glycemia ya postrandial, kapena kuchuluka kwa shuga mutatha kudya.

Thimang

Mndandanda wamapiritsi a shuga umaphatikizapo pioglitazone ndi rosiglitazone. Zinthu izi zimathandizira kutsegula kwa ma receptor mu minofu yamafuta ndi mafuta. Chifukwa cha izi, insulin sensitivity imachulukana, yomwe imathandizira kuyamwa msanga ndi minofu yamafuta, minofu ndi chiwindi.

Ngakhale ogwira ntchito bwino ndalama zotere, ali ndi zotsutsana zingapo. Zolepheretsa zazikulu ndizophatikizira izi:

• Mimba
• Kuchulukanso katatu kwa chiwindi,
• Matenda osalephera a mtima kulephera kwa madigiri 3-4 molingana ndi NYHA,
• Kuchepetsa.

Incretinomimetics

Gulu ili la matenda ashuga limaphatikizapo exenatide. Chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake, kupanga insulini kumachulukanso. Izi zimatheka pochulukitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi. Njirayi imayendera limodzi ndi kukakamiza pakupanga mafuta acids ndi glucagon.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuchotsedwa kwa chakudya m'mimba pang'onopang'ono. Izi zimathandiza wodwala kuti azimva nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, gulu ili la mankhwala lili ndi kuphatikiza.

B-glucosidase zoletsa

Chithandizo chachikulu kuchokera pagululi ndi acarbose. Thupi siliri fungulo la matenda ashuga. Koma ndiwothandiza kwambiri chifukwa salowa m'magazi ndipo silikhudza kapangidwe ka insulin.

Mapiritsi ofanana a matenda a shuga a 2 amalowa mpikisano ndi chakudya, omwe amalowa mthupi ndi chakudya.

Mankhwala amamangirira ma enzymes apadera omwe amapangidwa kuti agwetse chakudya. Izi zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kukhudzidwa ndikuchotsa chiwopsezo cha kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kwa shuga mutatha kudya.

Ndalama zophatikizika

Mankhwala a shuga ngati awa amakhala ndi amaryl, janumet, ndi glibomet. Zinthu izi zimachepetsa kukana kwa insulin ndikuthandizira kupanga insulin.

Amaryl imathandizira kubisala ndi kutulutsidwa kwa insulin kuchokera ku kapamba. Ndi chithandizo chake, ndizotheka kuwonjezera kukhudzidwa kwamafuta ndi minofu pazovuta za insulin.

Glybomet imagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa chosagwira ntchito pakudya ndi hypoglycemic therapy. Janumet amathandizira kuwongolera hypoglycemia, zomwe zimapangitsa kupewa shuga.

Mankhwala Atsopano Atsopano

Mankhwala atsopano a shuga a 2 amaphatikizanso ma DPP-4 zoletsa. Zinthu izi sizikhudza kapangidwe ka insulin ndi maselo a beta. Amathandizira kuteteza polypeptide inayake ya glanocros kuti isawonongedwe ndi enzyme ya DPP-4.

Polypeptide iyi imayendetsa kapamba. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale insulin yambiri yogwira. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amathetsa mawonekedwe a glucagon, omwe amawononga ntchito ya timadzi timene timachepetsa shuga.

Kukonzekera kwa matenda ashuga am'badwo watsopano ali ndi zabwino zingapo. Izi zikuphatikiza ndi izi:

1. Kuthekera kotukuka kwa hypoglycemia, popeza mankhwalawa amaleka kuchitapo kanthu pambuyo pakukhathamiritsa shuga.
2. Kuthetsa chiwopsezo cha kulemera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi,
3. Kuthekera kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kovuta ndi mankhwala aliwonse - kuphatikiza ndi insulin kokha komanso aginists a jakisoni a zolandilira polypeptide iyi.

Mankhwalawa sayenera kumwa ngati vuto la impso kapena chiwindi. Gululi limaphatikizapo mankhwala monga sitagliptin, saxagliptin, vildagliptin.

GLP-1 receptor agonists ndi zinthu za m'magazi zomwe zimayambitsa kaphatikizidwe ka insulin ndikusintha kapangidwe ka maselo omwe akukhudzidwa. Mankhwala amtunduwu amachititsa kuti anthu azinenepa kwambiri.

Zinthu zoterezi sizingagule mu mawonekedwe a piritsi. Amapangidwa pokhapokha njira yothetsera jakisoni. Gululi limaphatikizapo mankhwala monga ushindi ndi bayeta.

Kukonzekera zitsamba

Nthawi zina akatswiri amathandizira monotherapy pakudya pogwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zakudya, ntchito yomwe imapangidwa kuti muchepetse shuga. Odwala ena amawaganizira kuti ndi mankhwala a shuga. Koma izi sizowona, chifukwa palibe mankhwala omwe amachotsa matenda awa.

Komabe, zinthu zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe zomwe zimakhala ndi zosakaniza zachilengedwe zokha zimathandiza kukwaniritsa zotsatira zowoneka pakuchiza matendawa. Amasintha zinthuzo ndi prediabetes.

Ubwino wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga mu 2018-2019

Ndi matenda a shuga amtundu uliwonse, odwala endocrinologists amafunikira mankhwala okwera mtengo komanso njira zingapo zamankhwala. Poganizira kuchuluka kwakuchulukirako, boma likuchita zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuthandiza odwala. Ubwino wa odwala matenda ashuga amakupatsirani mankhwala ofunikira, komanso kulandira chithandizo chaulere pa dispensary. Sikuti wodwala aliyense amauzidwa za mwayi wokhala ndi chitetezo chamtundu uliwonse.

Kodi onse odwala matenda ashuga ndi oyenera kupindula? Kodi ndikofunikira kulembetsa kulemala kuti mulandire? Tiyeni tikambiranenso izi.

Udindo wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga ku Russia ndi vuto lomwe limadzetsa nkhawa, lomwe silimatchulidwanso kawirikawiri pazofalitsa komanso pokambirana ndi endocrinologist.

Komabe, wodwala aliyense, mosasamala za kuopsa kwa matendawa, mtundu wake, kapena kukhalapo kwa kulumala, ali ndi ufulu kulandira odwala matenda ashuga.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

Kuchita kafukufuku kumalo azachipatala, wodwalayo samachotsedwa maphunziro kapena amagwira ntchito mwanjira yomwe lamulo limapereka kwa nthawi yodziwika. Kuphatikiza pa kupenda chithokomiro cha chiwindi ndi chithokomiro, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kupezanso chidziwitso pakuzindikira kwamanjenje, mtima ndi ziwalo.

Kuyendera akatswiri onse ndikuchita mayeso ndi kwaulere kwa wodwala, ndipo zotsatira zonse zimatumizidwa kwa dokotala.

Chitsanzo cha malo ophunzirira ngati awa ndi Endocrinology Center of the Medical Academy ku Moscow, yomwe ili pamalo opangira metro Akademicheskaya.

Kuphatikiza pa njira zothandizira anthu panozi, odwala ali ndi ufulu wopeza zina, zomwe zimadalira mtundu wamatenda ndi kuuma kwawo.

Kuphatikizidwa kwapadera kwa chithandizo chamankhwala kwapangidwa kwa odwala omwe amadalira insulin, kuphatikiza:

1. Kupereka mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga ndi zotsatira zake.
2. Zithandizo zamankhwala za jakisoni, muyeso wa shuga ndi njira zina. Zowonjezera zimawerengeredwa kuti wodwalayo azitha kuyesa insulini osachepera katatu patsiku.

Odwala omwe sangathe kuthana ndi matendawa payekha amatha kudalira thandizo la ogwira ntchito zandalama. Udindo wake ndikutumiza wodwalayo kunyumba.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin amabweretsa kulemala, chifukwa chake odwala matenda ashuga 1 alandila ufulu pazabwino zonse zomwe apezazi.

Kodi mufunika upangiri waluso pankhaniyi? Fotokozani vuto lanu ndipo owerenga athu akumana nanu posachedwa.

Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2, zotsatirazi zimaperekedwa:

1. Kubwezeretsa mu sanatoriums. Odwala a Endocrinologist amatha kudalira kukonzanso chikhalidwe. Chifukwa chake, odwala amapeza mwayi wophunzira, kusintha kusintha kwazomwe amachita. Mothandizidwa ndi njira zothandizira zigawo, a 2 matenda ashuga amapita kumasewera ndikupita kukachita maphunziro azachipatala. Mutha kupeza tikiti yopita ku sanatorium popanda kulumala komwe mwapatsidwa. Kuphatikiza pa maulere aulere, odwala matenda ashuga amalipiridwa ndi:
   • mseu
   • zakudya.
2. Mankhwala aulere pochiza zovuta za matenda ashuga. Mitundu yotsatira ya mankhwalawa imatha kuperekedwa kwa wodwala: 1. Phospholipids (mankhwala omwe amathandizira magwiridwe antchito a chiwindi) .2. Zothandizira Pancreatic (Pancreatin) 3. Mavitamini ndi ma vitamini-mineral complex (mapiritsi kapena mayankho a jakisoni) .4. Mankhwala obwezeretsa matenda a metabolic (mankhwalawa amasankhidwa payekha ndi dotolo wopezekanso pamndandanda wamankhwala aulere).

5. Mankhwala a Thrombolytic (mankhwala ochepetsa kuchepetsa kugundika kwa magazi) m'mapiritsi ndi jakisoni.

6. Mankhwala a mtima (ofunikanso kusintha kayendedwe ka mtima).

8. Njira zochizira matenda oopsa.

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala ena (antihistamines, antimicrobials, etc.) ofunikira pochiza zovuta kuchokera ku matenda a shuga amatha kuperekedwa kwa odwala.

Kuphatikiza pa kuchepetsa mankhwala, odwala matenda ashuga amapatsidwa mankhwala ena.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 safuna insulin, koma ndioyenera kukhala ndi glucometer ndi zingwe zoyeserera. Chiwerengero cha mizere yoyesera chimatengera kuti wodwala amagwiritsa ntchito insulin kapena ayi:

• kwa odwala a insulin onjezerani timizere timeneti katatu tsiku lililonse,
• ngati wodwala sagwiritsa ntchito insulin - 1 strip tsiku lililonse.

Odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito insulin amapatsidwa jakisoni wothandizila kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse.

Tiyeni tikambirane za phindu la anthu odwala matenda ashuga ngati olumala.

Kuti mupeze kulemala, muyenera kulumikizana ndiofesi yapadera yoyeserera zachipatala, kukhala pansi pa Unduna wa Zaumoyo. Kutumizira kuofesiyo kumasankhidwa ndi endocrinologist. Ndipo ngakhale adotolo sangakhale nawo mwayi wokana chithandizo choterocho kwa wodwala, ngati pazifukwa zina sanachite izi, wodwalayo atha kupita kukayekha payekha.

Malinga ndi malamulo omwe akhazikitsidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo, pali magulu atatu olumala omwe amasiyana pakatikati pa matendawa.

Ganizirani magulu awa pokhudzana ndi matenda a shuga.

1. Kulemala kwa Gulu 1 kumayikidwa kwa odwala omwe, chifukwa cha matenda ashuga, osawonekanso kwathunthu kapena pang'ono, omwe ali ndi zilonda zamkati pamtima, ali ndi vuto la mitsempha, komanso amakhala ndi matenda a ubongo. Gululi limadziwika ndi odwala omwe nthawi zambiri amadwala. Komanso pagulu loyamba mulinso odwala omwe sangathe popanda thandizo la namwino.
2. Mavuto omwewa omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zochepa zotchulidwa amatilola kuti tidziwitse wodwalayo kukhala gulu lachiwiri la olumala.
3. Gulu lachitatu limaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zapadera za matendawa.

Commission ili ndi lingaliro logawa gulu. Maziko a chisankho ndi mbiri yachipatala ya wodwala, yomwe imaphatikizapo zotsatira za kafukufuku ndi zolembedwa zina zamankhwala.

Pakakhala kusagwirizana ndi kutha kwa ofesi, wodwalayo ali ndi ufulu wofunsa kwa olamulira kuti apereke chigamulo chake.

Kukhala wolumala kumapangitsa kuti anthu odwala matenda ashuga alandire phindu. Phindu limakhala la penshoni yopanda maphunziro, malamulo polandirira, komanso kukula kwa zoperekazo zimatsimikiziridwa ndi Federal Law ya 15.12.2001 N 166-ФЗ "Pa pension pension in the Russian Federation".

Tsitsani kuti muwone ndikusindikiza

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga, atalandira kulumala, ali ndi mwayi wopeza phindu lililonse kwa anthu olumala, ngakhale atakhala kuti ali ndi vutoli.

Njira zomwe boma limapereka:

1. Njira zobwezeretsa thanzi.
2. Thandizo kuchokera kwa akatswiri oyenerera.
3. Chithandizo.
4. Kupanga mikhalidwe yoloyanjana ndi anthu, kupereka maphunziro ndi ntchito.
5. Kuchotsera pa ntchito zanyumba ndi ntchito zothandiza anthu.
6. Ndalama zowonjezera.

Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amadziwika m'gulu lapadera la odwala. Matendawa amakhudza tinthu tating'onoting'ono makamaka mwamphamvu, ndipo ndimatenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, mwanayo amapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto. Ndikofunika kuti makolo adziwitsidwe za maubwino ochokera ku boma, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa mtengo wamankhwala ndikukhazikitsa mwana wodwala.

Ana olumala amapatsidwa mwayi wotsatirawu:

Makolo a mwana wodwala wosakwana zaka 14 amalandila ndalama pakubweza kwapakati.

Makolo kapena oyang'anira mwana ali ndi ufulu wochepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito ndikulandila masiku owonjezera. Penshoni yaukalamba kwa anthu awa imaperekedwa pasadakhale.

Ubwino wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga umaperekedwa ndi mabungwe olamulira popereka chikalata chapadera kwa odwala. Chikalata chomwe chimakulolani kuti mulandire thandizo kuchokera ku boma chimaperekedwa kwa wodwala wa endocrinologist kapena womuyimira pakati pa odwala matenda ashuga kumalo komwe akukhalako.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala aulere chimasankhidwa ndi endocrinologist.

Kuti mupeze mankhwala, wodwala amayenera kudikirira zotsatira za mayeso onse ofunikira kuti adziwe zoyenera kudziwa. Kutengera ndi kafukufukuyu, adotolo amatenga ndandanda ya mankhwalawa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti athandizidwe.

Mu mankhwala a boma, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala mosamalitsa mu kuchuluka kwa mankhwala.

Monga lamulo, pamakhala mankhwala okwanira kwa mwezi kapena kupitirira, pambuyo pake wodwalayo ayenera kukaonana ndi dokotala.

The endocrinologist alibe ufulu wokana kulemba mankhwala ngati wodwala atazindikira kuti ali ndi matenda ashuga pakadi. Izi zitachitika, muyenera kulankhulana ndi dokotala wamkulu wakuchipatala kapena akatswiri azaumoyo.

Ufulu wamitundu ina yothandizira, kaya ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zida zoyeza shuga, imakhalabe ndi wodwala wa endocrinologist. Njirazi zili ndi zifukwa zovomerezeka mwalamulo la Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 30, 94 No. 890 ndi Letter of the Ministry of Health No. 489-BC.

Malamulo omwe awerengedwa amakhazikitsa mabungwe azaumoyo kuti apatse odwala osowa mankhwala ndi mankhwala.

Tsitsani kuti muwone ndikusindikiza

Amaganiziridwa kuti ngati akukana chitetezo chokwanira, odwala matenda ashuga amalandira ufulu wothandizidwa ndi boma. Makamaka, tikulankhula za kubwezerera kwakuthupi kwa ma voti osagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Sanatorium.

Pochita, kuchuluka kwa zolipira sikupita poyerekeza ndi mtengo wopumira, kotero kukana maubwino kumachitika pokhapokha. Mwachitsanzo, ulendo ukakhala wosatheka.

Timalongosola njira zingapo zothanirana ndi mavuto azamalamulo, koma milandu iliyonse ndi yapadera ndipo imafunikira thandizo lamilandu payokha.

Kuti mupeze yankho lanu mwachangu, tikukulimbikitsani kulumikizana azamalamulo oyenererana ndi tsamba lathu.

Akatswiri athu amawunikira kusintha kulikonse mumalamulo kuti akupatseni chidziwitso chodalirika.

Lembetsani zosintha zathu!

Ndi mitundu yanji yamankhwala a shuga yaulere?

Boma limatsimikizira ndi malamulo aulere mankhwala a matenda ashuga a 2. Kuti mupeze zabwino, wodwalayo adzafunika atenge zikalata zingapo ndikuzipereka ku Pension Fund.

Matenda a shuga ndi limodzi mwa matenda ofala kwambiri nthawi imeneyo. Chiwerengero cha odwala omwe ali ndi matendawa chikuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse. Kuchiza kwa matenda awa sikophweka ndipo kumafuna ndalama zambiri. Koma si anthu ambiri omwe amadziwa kuti boma limapereka zabwino kwa anthu otere. Kwa chaka cha 2015, momwe lamulo lamakono liliri limafotokoza momveka bwino njira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti odwala matenda ashuga a 2 alandire mankhwala ndi zina popanda kulipidwa.

Zofunika! Ambiri sazindikira phindu lomwe lilipo, kapena chifukwa cha mantha, safunsa dokotala za iwo. Osawopa mafunso ngati awa komanso zomwe dotolo adachita. Ufulu wa munthu wodwala matenda ashuga umatetezedwa ndi malamulo ndipo umaperekedwa kwaulere. Chifukwa chake, ngati mankhwala ofunikira sanaperekedwe, muyenera kudziwa zoyenera kwa wodwalayo ndikumvetsetsa izi.

Ndiubwino wanji waulere womwe ulipo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2?

Chaka chilichonse kwa odwala matenda a shuga a 2, mosasamala kanthu za kulumala, ndalama zina zimaperekedwa kuchokera ku boma. Makomiti apadera amtunda amagawa zomwe zaperekedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga (mankhwala, ndalama, maubwino).

Odwala angayembekezere kulandira:

• mankhwala aulere
• kukonzanso zabwino
• ndalama zolipirira.

Ndi matendawa, anthu amatchulidwa apadera a pharmacological othandizira. Mankhwala aulere amaperekedwa kutengera mtundu womwe wodwala amakhala (wodalira insulin kapena ayi). Kuchokera pazomwe zimaperekedwa kwa odwala, kuphatikiza pa mankhwala, glucometer imaphatikizidwa, mayeso apadera mwa mawonekedwe a mikwingwirima.

Kuphatikiza apo, zopindulitsa za matenda a shuga a 2 zimaphatikizanso kupereka maulere maulendo opita ku ma sanatorium, zipatala, ndi malo opumulira. Ponena za kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zofunikira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, amatsimikiza ndikupatsidwa payekhapayekha pachikhalidwe chilichonse. Komanso, wodwalayo amatha kukana tikiti kupita ku sanatorium kuti athe kulipira ndalama.

Ponena za achinyamata achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2, malinga ndi lamulo, ana oterowo ali ndi zaka 14 amalandilidwa ndalama zolipirira malipiro apakati. Ndalamazi zimaperekedwa kuti agule mankhwala okondera aana komanso kuthandizira kwa mnyamatayo. Kuphatikiza apo, pulogalamu yothandizira ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 1 amaphatikizapo maulendo omwe amalipira pachaka ku sanatorium limodzi ndi makolo awo.

Mndandanda wamankhwala omwe amakonda kwambiri a 2 omwe ali ndi shuga sakhala ochepa. Awa makamaka amachepetsa ma pharmacological othandizira. Mankhwala aulere a mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga, kuchuluka kwawo komanso zingwe zoyeserera zofunika - dokotala amayambitsa endocrinologist. Mankhwala ndi ovomerezeka kwa mwezi umodzi.

Mndandanda wamankhwala aulere:

1. Mapale
2. Jekeseni (insulin pakuyimitsidwa ndi yankho).

Kuphatikiza apo, kwa matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, ma syringe, singano ndi mowa amaperekedwa kwaulere. Koma pakuwonjezeraku muyenera kusonkhanitsa zikalata ndi kulumikizana ndi oyenera. Ndizosemphana ndi njira za bureaucratic zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala chifukwa chokanira phindu la boma kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Kuti mupeze mankhwala omwe amakonda anthu odwala matenda ashuga, muyenera kufunsa ku Pension Fund. Pambuyo polembetsedwa, bungweli lidzasamutsira izi ku mabungwe azachipatala aboma, ma pharmacies ndi ndalama za inshuwaransi yazaumoyo.

Zofunika! Kuti Pension Fund ikhudzidwe ndikuyang'ana kwa wodwala ndikupatsidwa thandizo, muyenera kulemba zikalata zingapo. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kupeza mndandanda wamapepala pasadakhale pafoni, apo ayi maulendo obwereza ku bungwe ndi mizere yayitali kubweretsa mavuto ambiri.

Komanso, muyenera kutenga satifiketi ku Pension Fund, kutsimikizira kuti munthuyo sakana maubwino kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Chikalatachi chidzafunika ndi dokotala, yemwe akupatseni mankhwala omwe mungamwe mankhwala aulere.

Kuphatikiza apo, polumikizana ndi dokotala, muyenera kukhala ndi:

• pasipoti
• satifiketi yovomereza ufulu wa mapindu,
• nambala yaakaunti ya inshuwaransi,
• inshuwaransi yazaumoyo.

Dokotala wopezekapo amayenera kulembera mankhwala omwe wodwala matenda a shuga 1 ayenera kupita ku mankhwala. Koma mutha kulembetsa mankhwala a shuga aulere m'mabungwe aboma okha. Ngati munthu alibe chidziwitso chokhudza malo azachipatala chotere, mutha kudziwa malo omwe akukhalako ndi kulumikizana ndi Ministry of Region. chisamaliro chaumoyo.

Nthawi zambiri, odwala amakana zomwe zimayenera kukhala za odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, makamaka posalipira ndalama. Ngakhale wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 amveka bwino, osakana phindu la odwala matenda ashuga. Kupatula apo, ndalama zolipirira ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa mtengo wamankhwala. Kukana chithandizo chamankhwala chovomerezeka mwalamulo, anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 2 ayenera kudziwa kuti ngati matendawo afooka kwambiri, sizingatheke kulandira chithandizo cha boma.

Mankhwala Oletsedwa ndi Matenda A shuga: Mndandanda wa Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo

Mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu wa 2 ndi mtundu wa thandizo kuchokera ku boma. Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa, omwe kukula kwake kumayambitsa mavuto osiyanasiyana. Izi zitha kukhala vuto, masoka, chiwindi, impso ndi zina.

Zikatero, anthu ena odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kusiya ntchito zawo zaluso. Choyamba, izi zimakhudzana ndi ntchito yomwe imafunika chisamaliro chachikulu, mwachitsanzo, kuyendetsa magalimoto kapena maginito oyenda.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuthandizira odwala matenda ashuga pakadali pano kumafuna kuti wodwala azikhala ndi ndalama zambiri. Mtengo wa mankhwala ambiri ndiwokwera kwambiri, ndipo si aliyense amene angathe kugula nawo. Kuti izi zitheke, boma limapereka maubwino - thandizo laumoyo, ndalama zapenshoni ndi mankhwala (kwaulere).

Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa kuti munthu wodwala matenda a shuga ndi uti. Chifukwa cha zotsatira za kafukufukuyu, zimatha kudziwika m'magulu a olumala 1, 2 kapena 3.

Gulu loyamba limakhala ndi odwala omwe asokoneza kwambiri zida zamagetsi, gululi layamba, pali mwayi wokhala ndi thrombosis komanso chikomokere pafupipafupi. Odwala otere sangathe kuchita popanda kuyang'aniridwa ndi akunja, ndizovuta kuti adzipulumutse.

Gulu lachiwiri la olumala limayendetsedwa kuti lipangitse kulephera kwa aimpso, kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe kumbuyo kwa matenda ashuga komanso matenda ashuga. Potere, anthu amakula kwambiri chifukwa cha matendawa, koma amatha kutero popanda kuthandizidwa ndi wina aliyense.

Gulu lachitatu lakonzedwa kwa odwala onse omwe adapezeka ndi matenda amtundu 1 kapena matenda a shuga.

Anthu otere ndi oyenera kulandira mankhwala aulere ndi zolembera anthu olumala. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu 1 ya ashuga omwe sangathe kudzipatsa okha amapatsidwa zinthu zofunika pakhomo komanso kuchepetsa theka la zofunikira.

Mutha kudziwa zambiri zamabwino ena omwe ali pansipa.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi "matenda okoma" ali ndi chidwi ndi funso, kodi mankhwala aulere ndi chowonadi kapena chabodza? Mosakayikira, izi ndi zowona. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mtundu uliwonse wamatenda amapatsidwa mankhwala osangalatsa.

Kuphatikiza apo, odwala omwe atsimikizira kulumala amayenera kukhala phukusi lokwanira laumoyo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti odwala amapatsidwa ufulu kamodzi zaka zitatu zilizonse kuti apumule mwaulere.

Mautumiki osiyanasiyana okondera amaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, kutengera mtundu wake.

Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, ndi mtundu wa 1 matenda, odwala akhoza kulandira:

• insulin ndi ma syringes,
• kuchipatala kuchipatala kuti chimuyeso (ngati kuli kotheka),
• chida chodziwira glycemia ndi zida zake (mizere 3 yoyesera patsiku).

Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wodwala wa shuga womwe amadalira insulin umadzetsa kudwala kwa wodwala. Zikatero, amapatsidwa mwayi wopeza mankhwala okwera mtengo omwe samaphatikizidwa mndandanda wamankhwala aulere. Komabe, amaperekedwa mosamalitsa monga momwe dokotala amafotokozera. Dziwani kuti mankhwala omwe amalembedwa kuti "Odziwika" amaperekedwa mkati mwa masiku 10, ndi psychotropic - kwa masabata awiri.

Ndi matenda a shuga a 2, odwala ali ndi ufulu kulandira:

1. Mankhwala a Hypoglycemic (Mlingo wofotokozedwawu umawonetsedwa ndi dokotala, zotsatira zake zimatenga mwezi umodzi).
2. Glucometer ndi chingwe choyesera (mpaka atatu zidutswa) patsiku odwala omwe akufuna insulin.
3. Mikwingwirima yoyeserera yokha (odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2 omwe safuna jakisoni wa insulin, kupatula odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lowona).

Amayi pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso ana (mpaka azaka 18) ali ndi ufulu kugula osati mankhwala ndi jakisoni, komanso zida zaulere zoyezera shuga ndi zolembera.

Kuphatikiza apo, ana amatha kupumula kwaulere mu sanatorium, ulendowo womwewo udzalipiridwa ndi boma.

Kwa odwala matenda a shuga, mndandanda waukulu wa mankhwala aulere a 2017 amaperekedwa. Tiyeneranso kukumbukiranso kuti mutha kuwapeza ku pharmacy pokhapokha mutapatsidwa mankhwala ndi endocrinologist.

Ngati dokotala wakupatsani mankhwala a shuga, muyenera kudziwa ngati ali pamndandanda wamankhwala okondera. Mungafunike kufunsa dokotala kuti akupatseni mankhwala ena.

Ngati akukana kupereka mankhwala, wodwala ayenera kudandaula kwa wamkulu wa dipatimenti kapena dokotala wamkulu wa chipatalacho.

Nanga ndi mankhwala ati omwe angapatsidwe kwaulere? Mndandandandawu umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a hypoglycemic:

• Acarbose (pamapiritsi),
• Glibenclamide,
• Glycidone,
• Glucophage
• Glibenclamide + Metformin,
• Glimepiride,
• Mapiritsi a Glyclazide (chosinthika),
• Glipizide,
• Metformin
• Rosiglitazone,
• Repaglinide.

Odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba komanso nthawi zina wachiwiri wa shuga amapatsidwa mankhwala okhala ndi insulin. Chololedwa kwa insulini yaulere:

1. Mwanjira ya yankho la subcutaneous makonzedwe - glargine, detemir ndi biphasic munthu.
2. Ma ampoules a jakisoni - lispro, aspart, soluble munthu.
3. Mwanjira yoyimitsa jakisoni, aspart ndi biphasic komanso isofran.

Kuphatikiza pazopindulitsa izi za mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga, 100g ya ethanol ndi syringe ndi singano ingaperekedwenso. Komabe, simungathe kulandira mankhwala aulere kuchokera kwa endocrinologist popanda zolemba zotsatirazi:

• kufunsa mapindu
• mapasipoti
• kuchuluka kwa inshuwaransi yaakaunti yaumwini (SNILS),
• satifiketi ku Pension Fund,

Kuphatikiza apo, inshuwaransi ya chipatala iyenera kuperekedwa.

Mankhwala opatsirana amaperekedwa osati kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga, komanso matenda ena okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga.

Ndi ma pathologies a chiwindi, wolandila ali ndi ufulu kulandira phospholipids ndi glycyrrhizic acid m'mapiritsi, komanso lyophilisate mwanjira yankho la jakisoni mu mtsempha.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amatha kupeza mankhwala omwe amathandizira kukonza chimbudzi, makamaka enzymatic. Ichi ndiye pancreatin m'mapiritsi ndi mapiritsi.

Kuphatikiza apo, kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la 1 ndi mtundu 2 "matenda okoma", madokotala amaperekedwa kwaulere:

1. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mavitamini, komanso maofesi awo: alfacalcidol, retinol, calcitriol, colecalciferol, ascorbic acid, pyridoxine, thiamine, calcium gluconate, potaziyamu ndi magnesium asparaginate. Komanso mavitamini a Doppelherz a odwala matenda ashuga.
2. Mankhwala ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazovuta zosiyanasiyana za metabolic, kuphatikizapo kukonzekera kwa ma enzyme ndi ma amino acid: ademetionint, agalsidase alpha, agalsidase beta, velaglucerase alpha, idursulfase, ngaphezululucerase, miglustat, nitizinone, thioctic acid ndi nitizinone.
3. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mankhwala a antithrombotic: warfarin, enoxaparin sodium, heparin sodium, clopidogrel, alteplase, prourokinase, mapuloteni obwerezanso, rivaroxaban ndi dabigatran etexilate.

Kwa odwala matenda a shuga, mankhwala amaperekedwa pofuna kuchiza matenda a mtima. Mwachitsanzo, digoxin imapakidwa jakisoni mu mtsempha ndi mapiritsi. Adaloleza kuperekedwa kwaulere kwa anti-rheumatic mankhwala monga procainamide ndi lappaconitine hydrobromide.

Gulu la vasolidators zochizira matenda amtima limaphatikizapo isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate ndi nitroglycerin.

Ndi ufulu kugula mankhwalawa kuti akapanikizike: methyldopa, clonidine, moxonidine, urapidil, bosentan, komanso okodzetsa, kuphatikizapo hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide, hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide ndi spironolactone.

Mutha kupeza mankhwala a shuga pamayendedwe abwino mu chipatala chapadera cha boma. Wogulitsa mankhwalawa ayenera kupereka mankhwalawa muyezo zomwe zawonetsedwa ndi katswiri wopezekapo.

Nthawi zambiri, komwe akupita amapangidwira maphunziro a mwezi umodzi, nthawi zina ochulukirapo. Akamaliza maphunzirowa, wodwalayo ayenera kufunsa dokotala yemwe adzayese kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Pankhaniyi, atha kukulemberani za mayeso ndikupatsanso mankhwalawo.

Wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto linalake laubongo angakane mwakufuna kwawo chithandizo chamankhwala chokwanira. Izi zikutanthauza kukana tikiti kupita ku disensary. Pankhaniyi, amalipiridwa ndalama. Koma silingafanane ndi mtengo wa chilolezo, chifukwa chake siyoyenera. Muyenera kungoganiza kuti kukhala milungu iwiri mu sanatorium ndi ma ruble 15,000, koma kubwezeretsedwa ndalama ndizochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chiwerengerochi. Nthawi zambiri imasiyidwa pokhapokha ngati sizotheka kupita kutchuthi.

Komabe, ngakhale atakana pagawo, opindula ali ndi ufulu kulandira mankhwala, zida zoyezera shuga ndi syringe yaulere.

Matenda a shuga amadziwika kuti ndiye "mliri" wazaka zam'ma 2000. Chiwerengero cha odwala matenda ashuga chikuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse. Matendawa amatha kuchitika msanga, kupatsa chidwi anthu omwe azolowera moyo wabwino. Ubwino wa mwana wolumala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 amaperekedwanso.

Boma lake, likuthandizira odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli. Amapereka mankhwala ena, zolembera zopunduka ndi thandizo laulere kwaulere. Popeza chithandizo cha matenda a shuga ndichokwera mtengo kwambiri, simuyenera kukana thandizo lotere.

Kanemayo munkhaniyi akukamba za zabwino za mtundu uliwonse za matenda ashuga.

Boma limapereka thandizo kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga polemba mndandanda wa mankhwalawa omwe anthu odwala matenda ashuga amalowa m'mafakitala - kwaulere, komanso amapindulitsa.

Matenda a shuga akamakula, mavuto osiyanasiyana (mavuto amawonedwe, gangore, vuto la impso ndi chiwindi) amatha. Chifukwa cha izi, anthu ambiri amakakamizika kusiya ntchito zaukadaulo, motero, alibe ndalama zokwanira kuti akhale ndi thanzi.

Mtengo wa mankhwala ambiri omwe amafunikira kwambiri munthu amene ali ndi matenda oterewa ndiwokwera. Sikuti aliyense angathe kugula mankhwala okwera mtengo ngati amenewa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake boma likuonetsetsa kuti pakuperekedwa kwa mankhwala aufulu amtundu wa 2 odwala matenda ashuga ndi insulin, mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga. Zopindulitsa zina zimaperekedwanso: chithandizo chamtundu wa anthu, penshoni yodala.

Pali magulu atatu olumala:

• Gulu 1 - anthu omwe ali ndi vuto ndi zida zowonera, amatha kukhala ndi thrombosis, chikomokere. Chifukwa chake, sangachite chilichonse payekha payokha, amafunika thandizo la ogwira ntchito zantchito kapena wachibale.
• Gulu lachiwiri - odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la aimpso, omwe ali ndi vuto la m'maganizo komanso matenda a shuga. Amatha kuyendayenda palokha, kuchita ntchito zaluso, koma zoletsa.
• Gulu lachitatu - anthu onse omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba 1. Mutha kupeza gululi pokhapokha mutapereka chidziwitso kwa akatswiri azachipatala ndi zonse zomwe mwapeza kuchokera ku kafukufuku wazachipatala.

Malinga ndi lamulo la Russian Federation, anthu otere amatha kulandira mankhwala aulere komanso penshoni yolumala. Komanso, omwe ali ndi matenda opitilira 1 ali ndi ufulu wolipira zinthu zofunikira pamlingo wotsika.

Anthu ambiri amafunsa, chifukwa chiyani palibe mankhwala aulere kwa odwala matenda ashuga? Chowonadi ndi chakuti zilipo, koma zimaperekedwa kwa anthu ku pharmacy, kokha ndi malangizo omwe alipo kuchokera kwa endocrinologist.

Ndikotheka kulandira mankhwala aulere kwaulere, koma chifukwa chake wodwalayo ayenera, choyamba, kupita kuchipatala ndi kukalandira lingaliro kuchokera kwa dokotala. M'pofunikanso kuti mudziwe mndandanda wamankhwala omwe amakondweretserani pasadakhale, ngati palibe mankhwala omwe alembedwa mndandandawu, mutha kufunsa adotolo kuti alembe imodzi yomwe ili pamndandanda womwe wakhazikitsidwa.

Mankhwalawa amathandizidwa ndi odwala matenda ashuga:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa chiwindi - phospholipids,
• kukonza kapamba (pancreatin),
• njira zothetsera, mapiritsi, mavitamini,
• mankhwala omwe amabwezeretsa kagayidwe kachakudya,
• magazi opaka magazi (thrombolytic),
• mankhwala okhazikika mtima
• matenda oopsa.

Monga mankhwala ena owonjezera, mu pharmacy, odwala matenda ashuga azitha kulandira antimicrobial and antihistamines.

Komanso, mankhwala omwe amathandizidwa ndi endocrinologist komanso operekedwa kwaulere amasiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa matenda. Chifukwa chake, lembani matenda ashuga 1 atha kulandira insulin:

• mu mawonekedwe a yankho (Detemir, glargine, biphasic human) yoyendetsedwa ndi khungu,
• mu phokoso (Aspart, Lizpro, munthu sungunuka) jekeseni,
• mu mawonekedwe a kuyimitsidwa (Biphasic, Isofran, Aspart) wa jakisoni.

Mowa ndi ethyl umaperekedwanso. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda safuna insulin, mndandanda wawo wa mankhwalawo ndi wosiyana pang'ono. Pa mndandanda wokonda mankhwalawa mutha kupeza mayeso apadera omwe amathandizira kuwunika kuchuluka kwa insulini, ndipo ngati pakufunika kutero, muwongolere.

Omwe ali odziimira okha insulin amalandila kamtunda kamodzi tsiku lililonse, mikwingwirima 3 yodalira mahomoni. Ndi okhawo omwe amalemba mankhwala a endocrinologist omwe angalandire mankhwala aulere, koma ndizovuta kwambiri kuti apeze. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupereka kwa dokotala:

• chitsimikizo cha zabwino
• pasipoti
• SNILS (nambala ya inshuwaransi yaakaunti yaumwini),
• satifiketi yochokera ku Pension Fund,
• ndondomeko ya inshuwaransi ya zamankhwala.

Ngati endocrinologist akukana kupereka mankhwala oyenera, wodwalayo ali ndi ufulu wolumikizana ndi sing'anga wamkulu wa chipatalacho ndikupempha kuti amuchotsere mankhwala omwe ali pa mndandanda waulere.

Malinga ndi lamuloli, odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi ufulu kulandira zotsatirazi:

• kulandira mankhwala aulere,
• kulumala pantchito
• kumasulidwa ku gulu lankhondo
• kupeza zida zodziwitsa,
• kuthekera kwa kufufuza kwaulere kwa dongosolo la endocrine ndi ziwalo m'malo opezeka a shuga.

Nzika zina za Russian Federation zitha kulandira ziphatso mu njira zachipatala mu ma dispensaries ndi malo othandizira. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi zilema pochita ntchito zaluso amatha kulipira 50% yotsika pantchito.

Atsikana omwe ali pa tchuthi cha amayi oyembekezera ndi matenda ashuga amatha kupitilira masiku 16.

Phindu la odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 akhoza kukhala motere:

• kupereka mankhwala ndi njira,
• kuthekera kochita mayeso kwaulere,
• Kuthandizidwa ndi wogwira ntchito zachitukuko ngati munthuyo ali ndi zoletsa zomwe sangathe kuzisintha.

Matenda a 2 odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi zotsatirazi:

• Chithandizo cha spa madera. Kuphatikiza apo, amapatsidwa mwayi woti asinthe chiwongolero chawo pantchito.
• Kupeza mankhwala ofunikira, osatengera kuchotsedwa kwa adokotala.

Kuphatikiza apo, mndandanda wosiyana wazopindulitsa umatengera kuchuluka kwa kulumala komwe munthu amapatsidwa. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuthetsa nkhani yopeza udindo uwu. Mwayi wotere umawonekera kokha mutatha kudutsa uchi wapadera. kuyeserera kochitidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo ku Russia. Mutha kupita kokha molumikizana ndi endocrinologist, komabe, ngati dokotala sanapange zoterezi, wodwalayo atha kuyesa yekha kukalandira chithandizo payekha.

Ndi Commission yomwe imaganiza kuti ndi gulu liti la anthu olumala lomwe lingapatsidwe kwa munthu, chifukwa chake mbiri yachipatala ya wodwalayo ndiye maziko abwino a izi. Liyenera kukhala ndi zikalata zonse zofufuzira komanso maphunziro azachipatala.

Ndi gulu lolemala lomwe mwapatsidwa, munthu wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kufunsira zopindulitsa izi:

• kulandira zabwino zamagulu (penshoni yopanda kuphunzira),
• kupita kumisonkhano yomwe cholinga chake ndi kubwezeretsa thanzi la anthu,
• kupeza thandizo kuchokera kwa akatswiri,
• chithandizo chambiri,
• kuthekera kochita maphunziro ndi kulandira.

Gulu lina ndi ana omwe apezeka ndi matenda a shuga. Matenda oyipa ngati amenewa amathanso kukhudza thupi la mwana m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, zimayambitsa ma pathologies ndi zovuta, kotero, makolo, kuti ateteze mwana, ali ndi ufulu wofunsira kulemala kuti alandire zabwino komanso mwayi wothandizira.

Ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga angalandire mwayiwu:

• pitani kumalo ophunzitsira komanso kumisasa yachipatala maulendo aulere,
• pezani penshoni yolumala,
• dzipatuleni komanso kulandira chithandizo m'zipatala zakunja,
• pezani thandizo mukalowa kuyunivesite,
• osalipira msonkho.

Kufikira zaka 14, makolo amatha kufunsira mapindu malinga ndi kudwala kwa mwana pazachuma chambiri.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe amakana phindu, koma olumala, atha kubweza ngongole zawo. Ngati munthu sanagwiritse ntchito phindu kwa chaka chimodzi ndipo sanalandire mankhwala aulere, akhoza kulumikizana ndi FSS.

Kuchuluka kwa zolipira pamilandu iyi sikufanana ndi kuchuluka kwa ma voti omwe angalandire. Chifukwa chake, kukana maubwino ndi mayendedwe kungakhale koyenera pokhapokha munthu pazifukwa zina sangazigwiritse ntchito.

Ngakhale munthu atakana phindu, amaloledwa kulandira mankhwala aulere, ma syringe ndi zida (amakulolani kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi). Izi zikufotokozedwa mu Resolution No. 890 "Pa chithandizo cha boma pakukula kwachipatala."

1. 
   Filatova, M.V. masewera olimbitsa thupi a shuga mellitus / M.V. Filatova. - M.: AST, Sova, 2008 .-- 443 p.
2. 
   Kennedy Lee, Basu Ansu Diagnosis ndi chithandizo cha endocrinology. Njira yovuta, GEOTAR-Media - M., 2015. - 304 p.
3. 
   Upangiri wothandizira kubereka. - M.: Yesezani, 2015 .-- 846 c.

Ndiloleni ndidziwitse. Dzina langa ndi Elena. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito ya endocrinologist kwa zaka zoposa 10. Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano ndili katswiri pantchito yanga ndipo ndikufuna kuthandiza alendo onse omwe amapezeka pamalowo kuti athetse zovuta osati ntchito. Zinthu zonse za tsambalo amazisonkhanitsa ndikuzikonza mosamala kuti athe kufotokoza zambiri zofunikira. Musanagwiritse ntchito zomwe zikufotokozedwa pa webusayiti, kukambirana ndi akatswiri ndizofunikira nthawi zonse.

Momwe mungapezere mankhwala osangalatsa

Zachidziwikire, ngati timalankhula zothandiza kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lachiwiri la matenda ashuga omwe amakonda kwambiri odwala omwe akumana ndi matenda otere, ndiye funso ili kuti ndi mankhwala ati omwe munthu angalandire kwaulere.

Kupatula apo, zimadziwika kuti matenda omwe ali mgawo lachiwiri la maphunzirowa, monga momwe amakhazikitsira komanso koyambirira, ayenera kulipidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwapadera mankhwala apadera.

Poganizira izi, boma lakhala ndi phindu lapadera kwa odwala matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 mu 2017. Awa ndi mankhwala apadera ochepetsa shuga omwe ali ndi zinthu monga metformin.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amatchedwa Siofor, koma pakhoza kukhala mankhwala ena omwe amapatsidwanso odwala kwaulere. Ndiubwino wanji womwe umaperekedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga 2 pakadali pano, ndibwino kuti mukafunse dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. Amatha kupereka mndandanda watsatanetsatane wa mankhwala omwe amapezeka ku pharmacy yaulere.

Kuti mupeze phindu kwenikweni ngati mukudwala matenda ashuga, muyenera kulandira mankhwala kuchokera kwa dokotala. Kutengera mtundu wa mankhwala omwe wodwala amapatsidwa, dokotala amalemba mndandanda wa mankhwala omwe angamupatse kwaulere.

Ponena za maubwino kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, ziyenera kudziwika kuti odwala oterowo amayembekeza kulandira mankhwala ena kwaulere. Izi ndi:

• insulin ndi ma syringe omwe amaperekedwa nawo
• kuyesa kwa glucometer pamiyala yazidutswa zitatu patsiku,
• mankhwalawa mu ma sanatorium a dziko,
• kuchipatala pafupipafupi ngati kuli kofunikira.

Ufulu wa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo akuti ngati wodwala wina ali ndi mtundu wanji, akhoza kudalira mankhwala aufulu omwe amamwa kuti athandize pa moyo wake.

Mosasamala mtundu wa phindu lomwe munthu amafuna, lamuloli likutanthauza kuti ayenera kulumikizana ndi bungwe loyenerera ndi zikalata zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti ndi ndani. Makamaka, iyi ndi pasipoti ndi satifiketi yoperekedwa ndi Pension Fund kuti amapatsidwa mankhwala aulere kapena china chilichonse.

Komanso, kuti mukhale ndi mapiritsi aulere, muyenera kutenga mankhwala kuchokera kwa dokotala. Muyenera nthawi zonse kukhala ndi ndondomeko yazachipatala ndi inu.

Onse omwe akudwala matenda ashuga ayenera kupeza ndondomeko ya zamankhwala ndikupeza satifiketi yoyenera kulandira mankhwala kwaulere. Kuti mudziwe komwe malembawo amaperekedwa, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kulumikizana ndi dokotala ndi Pension Fund.

Wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga mellitus amagwera m'gulu lokonda, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ali ndi ufulu womupatsa mankhwala aulere kuti athe kuchiza matendawa.

Kuphatikiza apo, nzika zomwe zalandira zilema zitha kulembetsa nawonso chiphaso chazachipatala cha anthu onse, i.e. kukalandira chilolezo ku distensary kamodzi pazaka zitatu.

Matenda a shuga a Type 1 nthawi zambiri amabweretsa kulumala, chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa maubwino omwe amapezeka mu odwala matenda ashuga, odwala oterewa ali ndi ufulu wamankhwala ena omwe amapezeka kokha kwa anthu olumala.

Chifukwa chake, dokotala akakupatsani mankhwala okwera mtengo omwe sakuphatikizidwa pamndandanda waulere wazithandizo zamatenda a shuga, mutha kuitanitsa kutengera mndandanda wazomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kwa munthu wolumala.

Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, kuchuluka kwake ndi mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mankhwala. Izi ndi zomwe amawonetsera mu mankhwala, chifukwa chake mankhwalawo amapezeka mosamalitsa mwezi umodzi. Kusiyana kwake ndi mankhwala olembedwa kuti "Othandizira", ayenera kuperekedwa nthawi yomweyo osapezekanso masiku 10, komanso mankhwala a psychotropic - mpaka milungu iwiri.

Gulu la ana, komanso amayi oyembekezera, kuphatikiza pa mankhwala ofunikira ndi syringe, ali oyenera ma glucometer aulere (okhala ndi zowonjezera), komanso cholembera. Komanso, ana amatha kupumula mu salatorium, ndipo ana amaperekezedwa ndi makolo awo, omwe kukhalabe ndi mwana kumakhala kwaulere.

Gululi lingathenso chiyembekezo chaulendo waulere kupita kumalo akathandizidwa ndi sitima, mabasi kapena zoyendera zina.

Mutha kupeza mankhwala okonda mankhwalawa m'mapulogalamu amtundu okhazikitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, maphunziro kwa mwezi umodzi kapena kuposerapo amatulutsidwa nthawi yomweyo. M'tsogolomu, kuti mulandire mtundu wotsatira wa mankhwalawa, mudzayeneranso kulumikizana ndi katswiri ndikupatsani mayeso ofunikira. Kenako dotolo alemba kalata yachiwiri.

• Imakhazikika pamisempha ya shuga kwa nthawi yayitali
• Imabwezeretsa kapangidwe ka insulin

Ndi mankhwala ati aulere omwe amaperekedwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga komanso asthmatics?

Mudaphunzirapo kale za matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso phindu la mankhwala. Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala, odwala amapatsidwanso miyeso ndi glucometer. Chiwerengero cha mikwingwirima yoyesera zimatengera omwe mankhwala a hypoglycemic amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala matenda ashuga. Wodalira insulin amalandila katatu katatu patsiku. Ndipo omwe amadalira insulin amalandila gawo limodzi patsiku.

Kudziwa zabwino za anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtunduwu zithandiza odwalawa kulandira chithandizo kuchokera ku boma kuti akhale athanzi. Ndi phindu lanji omwe odwala matenda ashuga a mtunduwu ali nawo? Kodi chaka chino amapereka mankhwala aulere kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga? Inde, odwala ambiri amatha kuyankha kuti odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi ufulu wopereka mankhwala aulere komanso shuga. Koma izi sizabwino zonse. Ndipo kudziwa ufulu wanu kumathandizira ngakhale anthu olumala, koma kukhala ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kupeza zomwe ziyenera mwa lamulo.

Mankhwala okondera a 2018-2019

Mndandanda weniweni wamankhwala okondera amathandizidwa chaka chilichonse ndi boma la Russia - Ministry of Health and Social Development. Tikuyankhula za chikalata chovomerezeka, chomwe chimasinthidwa pafupipafupi - mankhwala ena sawerengedwa, pomwe ena, M'malo mwake, ali pamndandanda.

Ino si chaka choyamba ku Russia kuti pulogalamu yakhala ikugwira ntchito yomwe imapereka mwayi woperekera mankhwala aufulu kapena mwayi kwa ena mwa gulu. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pafupifupi anthu 20 miliyoni mdziko muno ali ndi ufulu kulandira mankhwalawa. 75% ya mndandandawu imakonda kulandira chipukuta ndalama m'malo mokomera mankhwala, ndipo ndi anthu 4.5 miliyoni okha omwe amatenga mwayi wopindulitsa. Zimangokhala kudziwa kuti ndi mankhwala ati omwe amaphimbidwa ndi pulogalamu ya boma, yomwe ithandizire mndandanda wazandalama.

Mndandanda wamankhwala a shuga a shuga aulere a 2019

1. Amuna amasulidwa ku nkhondo,
2. azimayi omwe ali pantchito amawonjezeredwa masiku atatu, ndipo mayi amakhala ndi masiku 16 (kuphatikiza odwala omwe apezeka ndi matenda a shuga) omwe amapezeka nthawi yapakati okha.

• Ngati sichotheka m'malo, oyang'anira pharmacy amayenera kulembetsa mankhwala ndikuyitanitsa mankhwalawa posachedwa. Mankhwalawa akapezeka mufesi, wogula amadziwitsidwa ndi foni. Ngati nthawi yobereka imachedwa, wogula ali ndi ufulu wolembera madokotala a m'mutu kapena kubungwe lapamwamba.
• Wogula adzapatsidwanso mankhwala ofanana

Mndandanda Wosankha Mankhwala Osokoneza bongo a Chaka Chatsopano

Kuphatikiza pakuyang'ana chithokomiro cha chiwindi ndi chithokomiro, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kupeza chidziwitso kuti adziwe zamanjenje, zam'mitsempha, komanso ziwalo zam'maso. Kuchezera akatswiri onse ndikudutsa mayeso kumakhala kwaulere kwa wodwala, ndipo zotsatira zonse zimatumizidwa kwa dokotala. pakati pa sukulu yophunzitsa zamankhwala ku Moscow, yomwe ili mdera la Akademicheskaya metro station. Kuphatikiza pa njira zothandizira anthu, odwala ali ndi mwayi wowonjezera Goths, chikhalidwe chake chomwe chimatengera mtundu wamatenda komanso kuuma kwake Kwa odwala omwe amadalira insulin, makonzedwe apadera a chithandizo chamankhwala apangidwa, kuphatikiza: Kupereka kwa mankhwala othandizira zochizira matenda ashuga ndi zotsatira zake.

• Kubwezeretsa mu sanatoriums. Odwala a Endocrinologist amatha kudalira kukonzanso chikhalidwe. Chifukwa chake, odwala amapeza mwayi wophunzira, kusintha kusintha kwazomwe amachita. Mothandizidwa ndi njira zothandizira zigawo, a 2 matenda ashuga amapita kumasewera ndikupita kukachita maphunziro azachipatala. Mutha kupeza tikiti yopita ku sanatorium popanda kulumala komwe mwapatsidwa.